ALBUQUERQUE, N. I. de

BOMFIM, S. R. M.

DIAS, H. L. T.

ESPINHEIRO, R. de F.

GUIMARÃES, D. A.

OHASHI, O. M.

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 63 20. The Finance and Economics of Neo-tropical Animal Conservation   F. Health 21. Neo-tropical Animal Health under Intensive Systems of Animal Production   22. Interaction of Neo-tropical Animal Health, Domestic Animals and Human Health  23. Health and Quarantine Issues with respect to trade in Neo-tropical Animals   19:21&22&23:1 Title: ISOLATION AND ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE OF MICROORGANISMS IN THE WILD AMAZON REGION Author(s): Hilma Lúcia Tavares Dias, Natália Inagaki de Albuquerque, Roberto de Farias Espinheiro, Suely Regina Mogami Bomfim, Diva Anelie Guimarães, Otávio Mitio Ohashi Email: hilmads@hotmail.com   Country: Brazil Abstract: Some enterobacteria are always associated with disease, while others are members of the normal microbiota and may cause opportunistic infections in wild animals. The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency and antimicrobial resistance of enterobacterial various animal species in captivity in the state of Para 116 turtles, 84 birds, 20 nonhuman primates, 15 iguanas, 14 peccaries and eight manatees were analyzed. Samples were collected by the introduction of the cloaca swabs and anus according to the animal and sent to the laboratory of Biomolecular Technology, Federal University of Pará for conducting microbiological isolation and culture species. The samples were inoculated in BHI (Brain Heart Infusion) and isolated on MacConkey, blood agar and XLT agar after incubation at 37 ºC for 24 hours. The main bacteria isolated according to the species of animals were Klebsiella pneumoniae (83.7%), Enterobacter cloacae (59.7%), Serratia marcescens (44.6%), Salmonella spp. (38.5 %), Escherichia coli (33%), Proteus mirabilis (24.6%) and Citrobacter freundii (13.7%) isolated from turtles, Enterobacter sp. (39%), Shigella sp. (19.4%), Proteus sp. (13.8%), K. pneumoniae and Micrococcus sp. (11%), E.coli and Staphylococcus sp. (2.7%) were obtained from birds. E. coli was present in 41%, followed by K. pneumoniae 28% in samples from non-human primates. Salmonella sp. (34.6%), E. coli (19.2%), Proteus sp. (15.3%) and Klebsiella sp. (3.8%) were the most common in iguanas and E.coli (68.7%), Staphylococcus sp. (19%) and Streptococcus sp. (12.5%), were isolated from  64 peccaries. Of samples from manatees were isolated E. coli (80%), K. pneumoniae (65.6%), Bacillus spp. (43%), coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (20%), Proteus sp. (15.7%), and Streptococcus spp. (3.7%). The level of antimicrobial resistance among bacteria was observed high resistance to two or more classes of antimicrobials such as amikacin, clindamycin, nalidixic acid, lincomycin, neomycin, tetracycline, and vancomycin. It follows a monitoring of captive related species should be performed infection by these bacteria isolated to prevent the spread of pathogens in the environment.   19:21&22&23:2 Title: HAEMATOLOGICAL VALUES AND PLASMA PROTEIN CONCENTRATIONS OF A SEMI INTENSIVELY REARED COLONY OF THE RED RUMP AGOUTI [Dasyprocta leporina] Author(s): Aphzal Mohammed, Mervyn Campbell, Candace Sant, Puran Bridgemohan, Hasani Stewart, Rod Seapaul Email: aphzal.mohammed@utt.edu.tt Country: T&T Abstract:  In Trinidad, where the farming of the specific species of the agouti, Dasyprocta leporina occurs, the development of standard reference blood values is important for the implementation of the proper health management of the species. Also a search of the literature reveals no such published data on this species. There is however, a paucity of information on the red and white blood cell values of the grouped agouti species (Dasyprocta sp.). This preliminary study represents an investigation into blood values and plasma protein concentrations of a colony (n=14) of agouti reared semi-intensively at the Eastern Caribbean Institute of Agriculture and Forestry, Trinidad. Blood was drawn by venipuncture from the right lateral saphenous vein and collected in potassium EDTA tubes for complete blood counts (CBC) . Haemoglobin concentration, packed cell volume (haematocrit), white blood cell count and differential leukocyte counts were carried out according to the established procedures (Schlam’s Haematology, 2010). Mean ± SD values of haemoglobin (g/L); haematocrit (L/L); and mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (g/L) were 15.2± 2.04; 0.49± 0.06; 307± 19.7 respectively. Mean ± SD values (X 109/L) of total white blood cell count and of neutrophils; lymphocytes; eosinophils; monocytes and basophils were 5.0 ± 1.11;1.86 ± 0.55; 2.67 ± 0.87; 0.25±  0.31;0.15±  0.16;and 0.02 ± 0.04, respectively. Blood smears of 86% (12 of 14) of the animals in the colony contained a few irregular-shaped red blood cells. Also no blood parasites were detected. Red blood cell values were high when compared with that of the group Dasyprocta sp.. The white blood cell and neutrophil values were low when compared with those of Dasyprocta sp. The red cell abnormality observed may be indicative of Type C haemoglobin which may be characteristic of this particular species and representing a haemoglobin gene variant that is also found in certain breeds of cattle, camels, buffaloes and goats.      

Isolation and antimicrobial resistance of microorganisms in the wild amazon region.

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