This paper has as aim to evaluate in the field the agronomic efficiency of phosphate organomineral fertilizers produced from poultry litter in relation to mineral phosphated fertilizers in a long-term experiment. The effect of composting on the litter quality for purposes of producing organomineral fertilizers was also evaluated

BENITES, V. de M.

CAETANO, J. O.

GUIMARÃES, G. S.

MENEZES, J. F. S. de

Repository Open Access to Scientific Information from Embrapa

,QWHUQDWLRQDO6FLHQWL¿F&HQWUHRI)HUWLOL]HUV&,(&Rio de Janeiro, RJ 2014PROCEEDINGS9LQLFLXVGH0HOR%HQLWHV$GLOVRQGH2OLYHLUD-XQLRU3DXOR6HUJLR3DYLQDWR3DXOR&pVDU7HL[HLUD0LOWRQ)HUUHLUD0RUDHV5HJLQD0DULD9LOODV%{DVGH&DPSRV/HLWH5RQDOGR3HUHLUDGH2OLYHLUDEditorsTECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION FOR A SUSTAINABLE TROPICAL AGRICULTUREOctober 20-24, 2014Rio de Janeiro, RJ - Brazil16th World Fertilizer Congress of CIEC23230Introduction Every year, around 10 million tons of poul-try litter is produced in Brazil. This material is usual-ly destined to crop and pasture fertilizing. However, most times the poultry litter is used without criteria, UHVXOWLQJLQORZHI¿FLHQF\RIQXWULHQWXVDJH2QHRIthe alternatives for the rational use of this residue is its transformation in granular organomineral fertiliz-er. This process involves the physical processing of the litter, its enhancement with mineral sources and VXEVHTXHQWJUDQXODWLRQDQGGU\LQJ7KH¿QDOSURG-uct has characteristics that allow its usage in the same equipment used for the crop planting which use conventional mineral fertilizers. Considering the environmental role of the production of orga-nomineral fertilizers from poultry litter, it is neces-VDU\WRHYDOXDWHLWVUHODWLYHHI¿FLHQF\FRPSDUHGWRcorresponding mineral fertilizers. This paper has as DLPWRHYDOXDWHLQWKH¿HOGWKHDJURQRPLFHI¿FLHQF\of phosphate organomineral fertilizers produced from poultry litter in relation to mineral phosphat-ed fertilizers in a long-term experiment. The effect of composting on the litter quality for purposes of producing organomineral fertilizers was also evalu-ated.Methods The organic mineral fertilizers used in the experiment were produced in the granulation lab of Embrapa Soils, located at the Rio Verde University, Rio Verde, GO, Brazil. Samples from chicken lit-ter produced in comercial poultry farms in the area were collected. The average nutrient concentration LQWKHOLWWHULVJNJ-1 of N, P2O5DQG.2O, respectively, and the average moisture content is 25%. Two organic mineral formulations were made, one with the litter in natura, as commercialized in the region, and the other with composted litter. The composted litter went through a composting process in which sugarcane bagasse and hatchery residues were added, the material being maintained in com-posting for 90 days. Both materials were dried for 48 hours at 65ºC and, subsequently ground below PP7KHPDWHULDOVZHUHHQKDQFHGZLWKSXUL¿HGmonoammonium phosphate (12% N, 60% P2O5), in order to produce material with 20% total P2O5. The mixture was homogeneously granulated in a disc granulator, using neutral sodium silicate as binding agent. The granules were dried in a heater at 65ºC DQGFODVVL¿HGEHWZHHQPPDQGPPVLHYHV The experiment was performed in the ex-perimental area of the Comigo Technological Cent-er, in Rio Verde, Goias. The soil is a clayey Rhodic Haploustox , cultivated previously for six years un-der no-till. A completely randomized block design was used, in a 3 x 5 factorial scheme (three sources DQG¿YHGRVHVZLWK IRXU UHSHWLWLRQV WRWDOL]LQJplots. Each plot was composed by ten lines with a 0,50 m spacing and 5 m in length. The sources studied were monoammonium phosphate (MAP), organic mineral fertilizer made from poultry litter + MAP (OMF) and organic mineral fertilizer made from composted poultry litter + MAP (COMF). The GRVHVXVHGFRUUHVSRQGHGWRH.Jof P2O5 ha-1. The seeding of the soybeans was per-formed during the summer in the years 2010/2011, 2011/2012, 2012/2013 and 2013/2014, between the months of September and October. All the plots received 80 kg ha-1RI.2O in the form of potassium chloride. The plots were reaped between 114 and 120 days after seeding, collecting the 4 central lines of 3 m in length, totalizing a useful area of 6 m². All the data was submitted to analysis of variance and regression using the software SISVAR 5.1. From the data regarding productivity and doses of phos-SKRUXVDSSOLHGWKHUHODWLYHHI¿FLHQF\RIWKHRUJDQLFmineral fertilizers in relation to MAP was calculated.AGRONOMIC EFFICIENCY OF GRANULAR ORGANOMINERAL P FERTILIZERS PRODUCED FROM POULTRY LITTERVINICIUS DE MELO BENITES1, JEANDER OLIVEIRA CAETANO2, JUNE FARIA SCHERRER DE MENEZES3, GETÚLIO SOUSA GUIMARÃES41 Researcher, Embrapa Solos, Rua Jardim Botânico 1024, Jardim Botânico, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, CEP 22.460-000, Brasil (vinicius.EHQLWHV#HPEUDSDEU2 '&5)$3(*&13TJUDQWHH33*$JURQRPLD8QLYHUVLGDGH)HGHUDOGH*RLiV5RGRYLD%5.PQ3DUTXH,QGXVWULDO-DWDt*2&(3%UDVLOMHDQGHUFDHWDQR#JPDLOFRP3 Professor, UniRV, Fazenda Fontes GR6DEHUVQ&DPSXV8QLYHUVLWiULR8QL595LR9HUGH*2&(3%UDVLOMXQH#XQLUYHGXEU4 Embrapa Solos grantee, UniRV graduate.233Results e discussions No agronomic response was observed, neither to the products nor to the P doses ap-plied in the first crop (Figure 1a). This result reflects a residual fertility that can be observed in several agricultural soils under intensive soy-bean cultivation in the Brazilian Cerrado (tropi-cal savanna). From the second crop onwards, a response to the fertilizer doses was noted, with growing gains from the third crop onwards, sug-gesting the depletion of P reserves in the soil (Figure 1).  On average, the P fertilization resulted in yield gains according to the quadratic model. The maximum yields were obtained with doses de P varying from 65 to 81 kg P2O5 ha-1. However, no significant differences were observed between the organic mineral and mineral fertilizers in any of the crops evaluated. Nevertheless, evaluating the average productivity in the 4 crop seasons studied, a significant agronomic efficiency gain of organic mineral sources in relation to MAP was observed (Figure 2). Although the MAP was more efficient than the organic mineral sources in the smaller dose (20 kg P2O5 ha-1) (Figure 2), the organomineral fertilizers presented relative agronomic efficiency up to 70% higher than the MAP in the doses around 60 kg P2O5 ha-1 (Figure 3). This result suggests a bigger residual effect of P applied via organic mineral sources. It is still expected that there will be a possible effect from the addition of organic sources on the soil mi-croorganisms, influencing the vegetal production and the absorption of nutrients.Conclusions Considering the residual effect of succes-sive fertilizations, it can be concluded that organic mineral fertilizers produced from poultry litter are PRUHHI¿FLHQWWKDQ0$3DVVRXUFHRI3IRUWKHVR\-bean cultivation in the Cerrado conditions. There is no difference between the com-posted litter and the litter in natura regarding agro-QRPLF HI¿FLHQF\ RI RUJDQLFPLQHUDO IHUWLOL]HUV SUR-duced from these sources. Therefore, there is no need to do the composting when using poultry litter in the production of organic mineral fertilizers. Although the agronomic result is consist-ent and statistically proved, it is not known exactly what the mechanisms related to this effect are and, therefore, more detailed studies are recommended for a better understanding of this phenomenon..H\ZRUGV soybean, composting, organic residuesAcknowledgementsTo the partnership CNPq/Fapeg for concession of the DCR grant. To the Cooperativa Agroindustrial dos Produtores Rurais do Sudoeste Goiano (COMI-GO) for its technical support. This project is part of Rede FertBrasil.2010/2011  2011/2012   2012/2013   2013/2014   ǔ 1.500,02.000,02.500,03.000,03.500,04.000,04.500,00 20 40 60 80Soybean Yield, kg ha-1Added P Fertilizer, kg P2O5 ha-1ǔ = 2.960,90 + 14,43** x - 0,11* x2R² = 0,931.500,02.000,02.500,03.000,03.500,04.000,04.500,00 20 40 60 80Soybean Yield, kg ha-1Added P Fertilizer, kg P2O5 ha-1ǔ = 3.231,40 + 31,01*** x - 0,19** x2R² = 0,991.500,02.000,02.500,03.000,03.500,04.000,04.500,00 20 40 60 80Soybean Yield, kg ha-1Added P Fertilizer, kg P2O5 ha-1ǔ = 1.910,90 + 17,53*** x - 0,12** x2R² = 0,911.500,02.000,02.500,03.000,03.500,04.000,04.500,00 20 40 60 80Soybean Yield, kg ha-1Added P Fertilizer, kg P2O5 ha-1Figure 1. Soybean yield in relation to the doses of phosphate fertilizers (average of the 3 VRXUFHV3P<0,01 and * P<0,05 for F test.Posters | Section  8 | Organic based fertilizers16th World Fertilizer Congress of CIEC234Figure 3. 5HODWLYH DJURQRPLF HI¿FLHQF\ RIorganic mineral P fertilizers in relation to MAP, considering the average yield in the four years evaluated. OMF – poultry litter organic mineral IHUWLOL]HU &20) ± FRPSRVWHG RUJDQLF PLQHUDOfertilizerFigure 2. Average soybean yield in four years due to the application of organic mineral and PLQHUDOSKRVSKDWHIHUWLOL]HUV20)±SRXOWU\OLWWHURUJDQLF PLQHUDO IHUWLOL]HU &20) ± FRPSRVWHGRUJDQLFPLQHUDOIHUWLOL]HU0$3±PRQRDPPRQLXPphosphateCOMF = -0,42 x2 + 69,11 x + 11.549,00R² = 0,87OMF = -0,49 x2 + 69,81 x + 11.712,00R² = 0,96MAP = -0,44 x2 + 54,75 x + 11.943,00R² = 0,912.800,02.900,03.000,03.100,03.200,03.300,03.400,03.500,03.600,00 20 40 60 80Average Soybean Yield, kg ha-1Added P fertilizer, kg P2O5 ha-1COMFOMFMAPOMF = - 53,89 + 6,89 x - 0,06 x2R² = 0,98COMF = - 169,08 + 11,21 x - 0,09 x2R² = 0,990,020,040,060,080,0100,0120,0140,0160,0180,020 40 60 80Relative agronomic efficiency, %Added P fertilizer, kg P2O5 ha-1OMFCOMF

Agronomic efficiency of granular organomineral p fertilizers produced from poultry litter.

http://www.alice.cnptia.embrapa.br/alice/bitstream/doc/999508/1/CNPSp.232234.pdf

Agronomic efficiency of granular organomineral p fertilizers produced from poultry litter.

Abstract

Similar works

Full text

Available Versions

Repository Open Access to Scientific Information from Embrapa