BARRETO, M. R.

FRANCA, F. T.

LOGUERCIO, L. L.

PAIVA, E.

VALICENTE, F. H.

English

Repository Open Access to Scientific Information from Embrapa

Session 11 - GENERAL AND APPLIED INSECT PATHOLOGY[2156] PHYLOGENY OF PAECILOMYCES SPECIES REVEALED BYANALYSIS OF RmOSOMAL RNA ITS SEQUENCESM. S. Tigano', F. Driverê, P. W. Inglis', J. W. H. Trueman' & R. J. Milner",'Ernbrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia (Cenargen), P. O. Box 02372, Brasília,OF 70770·900, Brazil, E-mail myrian@cenargen.embrapa.br; 2CSIRO Entomology, P.O. Box 1700, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia; 'Research School of Biological Sciences,Australian National University, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia.The 5.8S rONA and flanking internal transcribed spacers (ITSI and ITS2) of lheribosornal RNA gene from Paecilomyces species were amplilied using the polymerasechain reaction and sequenced. Sequences from P. amoeneroseus, P. cameus, P.[arinosus, P. fumosoroseus, P. leycettanus, P. lilacinus, P. marquandii, P.penicillatus, P. tenuipes, P. variotti and P. viridis were eompared to publishedsequences and phylogenetie trees were produced. The two observed major ciustersagreed with the subdivision of Paecilomyces speeies, based on morphological criteria,into the sections Paecilomyces and lsarioidea. Section Paecilomyces included P.leycettanus and the type P. variolii and confirrned the relationship of these speeies 10the teleomorph genera Talaromyces and Byssochlamys. Two clades were evident inthis section, which also included Penicillium and Nomuraea anemonoides, whichresemble Paecilomyces morphologieally. These data agreed with other studiesshowing that the genus Talaromyces and Penicillium are not monophyleric. Therelationship of P. variotii isolates with the two teleomorph genera indical e. that it isprobablya cryptic species. Section lsarioidea comprised three major c1usters showingthat this section too, is not monophyletic. Coe clade included P. viridis, P. canleusand isolates identified as P. lilacinus and P. marquandii, as well N. rileyi. Some otherP. lilacinus and P. marquandii isolates were included in another clade along withTrichoderma. The clade containing the type for this section, P. farinosus, also includedother entomogenous species, P. amoeneroseus, P. fumosoroseus and P. tenuipes. P.fumosoroseus was confirrned to contain a cryptie speeies, with one group of isolatesclosely related to P. tenuipes and another related to P. amoenoroseus. In this study,some prior rnis-identifications were evident, proving that the ITS region ean be usefulto resolve the difficulties of classical taxonomy of these fungi. Our data suggest thatPaecilomyces is a "form" genus only, and a major review is required, including theanalysis of a more conserved gene region to clarify lhe phylogenetic relationships.Index terrns: entomopathogenic fungi, rONA, moleeular taxonomy.[2157] PHYLOGENY OF PAECILOMYCES SPECIES REVEALED BYANALYSIS OF RmOSOMAL RNA ITS SEQUENCESM. S. Tigano', F. Driver=, P. W. Inglis', J. W. H. Trueman' & R. J. Milner','Ernbrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia (Cenargen), P. O. Dox 02372, Brasília,OF 70770·900, Brazil, E-mail: myrian@cenargen.embrapa.br; 2CSIRO Entomology,P. O. Box 1700, Canberra ACT 2601, Austrália; 'Researeh Sehool of BiologiealSeiences, Australian National University, Canberra ACT 2601, Austrália.The 5.8S rONA and flanking internal transcribed spacers (ITSI and ITS2) of theribosomal RNA gene from Paecilomyces species were arnplified using the polymerasechain reaction and sequenced. Sequences from P. amoeneroseus, P. cameus, P.farinosus, P. fumosoroseus, P. leycettanus, P. lilacinus, P. marquandíi, P.penicillatus, P. tenuipes, P. vnriotti and P. viridis were compared to publishedsequenees and phylogenetic trees were produced. The two observed major elustersagreed with the subdivision of Paecilomyces speeies, based on morphological eriteria,into the seetions Paecilomyces and lsarioidea. Seetion Paecilomyces included P.leycettanus and the type P. variotii and confirrned lhe relationship of these species tothe teleomorph genera Talaromyces and Byssochlamys. Two clades were evident inthis section, which also included Penicillium and Nomuraea nnemonoides, whichresemble Paecilomyces morphologieally. These data agreed with other studiesshowing that the genus Talaromyces and Penicillium are not monophyletic. Therelationship of P. variotii isolates with the two teleomorph genera indieate that it isprobablya eryptic speeies. Section lsarioidea eomprised three major clusters showingthat this section 100, is not monophyletic. One elade ineluded P. viridis, P. cameusand isolates identified as P. lilacinus and P. marquandii, as well N. rileyi. Some otherP. lilacinus and P. marquandii isolates were included in another clade along withTrichoderma. The clade eontaining the type for this section, P. farinosus, also ineludedother entomogenous species, P. amoeneroseus, P. fumosoroseus and P. tenuipes. P.fumosoroseus was confirmed to contain a cryptic species , with one group of isolatesclosely related to P. tenuipes and another related to P. amoeTIoroseus. In this study,some prior mis-identifications were evident, proving that the ITS region can be usefulto resolve the difficulties of elassieal taxonomy of these fungi. Our data suggest thatPaecilomyces is a "form" genus only, and a major review is required, including theanalysis of a more conserved gene region to clarify the phylogenetie relationships.Index terms: entornopathogenic fungi, rONA, molecular taxonomy.Symposium and Poster Session[2158] EFFECT OF TREATMENT TIMING OF BACULOVmUSSPODOPTERA AND BACILLUS THURINGIENSIS ON SPODOPTERAFRUGIPERDAF. H. Valicente', L. L. Loguercio', F. T. França" E. Paiva' & M. R. Barr reto l,CNPMSIEMBRAPA. C.P.151, 35700, Sete Lagoas, MG, Brasil. Email:fernando_ valicente@entm.purdue.eduThe objective of this experiment was to test the effect of treatment timing of pathogensBaculovirus spodoptera (B.s) and Bacillus thuringiensis (B.t) on Spodoptera frugiperdalarvae, used together but at different timing intervals. S. frugiperda larvae were 2 and 6days old, using 48 larvae per treatment with 4 replicares. Treatments, for each ageincluded Baculovirus and Bacillus provided in the same solution and at lhe same time,Baculovirus provided 24, 48 and 72 hours before Baeillus was provided to the sarneinsects and, Bacillus provided 24, 48 and 72 pathogens before Baeulovirus wasprovided to the same insects. After exposure to both pathogens, contaminated larvaewere transferred to artificial diet. Results showed that there was no difference in themortality among lhe treatrnents, except when B.t was offered alone to 6-day old larvae.Mortality was high (above 89,25%) for ali treatments. No difference was detected forlarval and pupal development period among the treatments for both ages.Abnormalities among pupae and aàults were not detected in any tre.atment.lndex terrns: insect pathology, pathogen int.eraction[2159] BIOPESTICIDE PRODUCTS FOR MIGRATORY PESTS IN AFRICA:REGIONAL EFFORTS TO HARMONIZE REGISTRATION PROCEDURESLJ Vallghan, Office ofInternational Research and Development, Virginia Teeh. 1060Litton Reaves H.ll. Blacksburg, VA 24061·0334 USA. E-maillarryjv@vt.eduMigratory pests in Afriea, sueh as loeusts and armyworms, present a potentially large,but irregular and geographieally fragmented market for biopestieides. Migratory pestcontrai campaigns in Africa result in widespread application of broad-spectrumsynthetic insecticides. By their nature, biopesticides are typically narrow-spectrurnproducts. This narrow spectrum could be an environrnental advantage for controlcampaigns. However, narrow specificity inherent1y limits lhe range of insects againstwhich a biopestieide may be used, thereby restricting the market size. Anotherconstraint not faced by synthetie pesticides is that biocontrol agents may be subject toimportation restrictions as "exotic" species, Defining lhe "exotic" ar "indigenous"status of a bioeontrol agent is important for determining the geographie extent ofmarkets, and has important consequences for the ability to use biopesticides in trans-border control programs in Africa. In addition to several efforts on lhe par! ofindividual African countries, there are two regional efforts being undertaken topromote and harmonize the registration of biopesticides in Africa. The Inter-StateCommittee Against Orought in the Sahel (CILSS) already has regional guidelines inplace for registration of synthetic pesticidcs among its nine rnernber countries.Through USAID's Afriea Bureau-funded biopesticide project, managed by VirginiaPolytechnie Institute and State University, CILSS is developing guidelines forharmonized registration of biopesticides across West Africa. By contrast, there is noregional organization in Eastern Africa with ao equivalent mandate andintergovernmental structure to that of CILSS. Therefore, regional harmonization inEastern Africa must be approached with a different model. The Virginia Tech projectis working through lhe Desert Locust Control Organization for Eastern Africa (OLCO-EA) - an organization with a narrow mandate for assisting its eight member countrieswith rnigratory pest control operations - LO deveJop a cunsensus on a core set of itemswhieh will be common to national biopesticide guidelines as they are developed.Index terms: regulation, biologieal control, locusts, armyworms544 ABSTRACT BOOK I - XXI-Intemational Congress ofEntomology, Brazil, August 20-26,2000

Effect of treatment timing of Baculovirus Spodoptera and Bacillus Thuringiensis on Spodoptera frugiperda.

http://www.alice.cnptia.embrapa.br/bitstream/doc/484430/1/Effecttreatment.pdf

Effect of treatment timing of Baculovirus Spodoptera and Bacillus Thuringiensis on Spodoptera frugiperda.

Abstract

Similar works

Full text

Available Versions

Repository Open Access to Scientific Information from Embrapa