COSTA, E.

FERREIRA, M. D.

RODRIGUES, E. T.

SANTOS, L. C. R. dos

VIEIRA, L. C. R.

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Protected environments on the development of passion fruit and papaya seedlings in the southern pantanal matogrossense.

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-s-.\iOOã ~.• _ .•uu, .Spensers~.:!)!pq C~~AIISM~ _CNruASUVtÇO pO .mil p., '*"""lU:" P'EIIIIUION e~'\·\'l~!~;'·"·#M~ e'~Ji.ij6.~~~;~~. -.,.8 .••.ITAIPU81NACIONA.L" 0 ~Gl "'unloeste ~ ~ ~~~ ~~,~~.~g • llriti"h Eruha~Jrc "'" J --_ .._ ..•....• -,--=-=--- """''''~'''.J_"", ••IIr~~ilill 5C1fNCE ANO INNOVA.TlON.JoHNDEERESuppert~At=-=J\ XLmwCIGR - InternationalConferenceof Agricultural EngineeringXXXVII CongressoBrasileirode EngenhariaAgrícolaBrazil, August 31 to September4, 2008PROTECTED ENVIRONMENTS ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF PASSION FRUITAND PAPAYA SEEDLINGS IN THE SOUTHERN PANTANAL MATOGROSSENSEEDILSON COSTA I; EDSON TALARICO RODRIGUES2; LÉIA CARLA RODRIGUES DOSSANTOS 3; LAURA CAROLINE RODRIGUES VIEIRA 3, MARCOS DAVID FERREIRA 4I Researcher, PhO, Agronomia/UEMS/Aquidauana/MS - Brazil. e-rnail: mestrine@uems.br'Researcher, PhO. Agronomia/UEMS/Aquidauana/MS - Brazil.J Undergraduate student, Agronomia/UEMS/Aquidauana/MS - Brazil,4 Researcher, PhO, Embrapa Instrumentação Agropecuária/Sao CarloslSP - Brasil. e-mail:marcosferreira@cnpdia.embrapa.brPresented atCIGR INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERINGXXXVII CONGRESSO BRASILEIRO DE ENGENHARIA AGRÍCOLA - CONBEA 2008Brazil, August 31 to September 4,2008,ABSTRACT: The definition of the best system for seedlings production of passion fruit and papayadepending on the type of environment, containers and substrates composition. This results in usefulinformation that can benefit producers in Pantanal region, Therefore trials was conducted on thedevelopment of passion fruit seedlings of the yellow group and the group of papaya Sunrise Solo inprotected environments in the State University of Mato Grosso do Sul, State University ofAquidauana, in the months of September till November 2006, For the conducted trials were appliedfour protected environments, two types of containers and three different substrate cornpositions. Thefresh mass and dried of air part and of root system were evaluated. For papaya seedlings the bestenvironment was the one contained aluminum net and for passion fruit the best environments had beenthe ones that contained monofilament and aluminium net. Seedlings of both cultures grown atpolyethylene container showed the best development. From the studied substrates studied, the onesthat showed the best results were substrates SI (soil +organic compost + vermiculite, I: I: I v / v) andsubstrate S3 (soil + organic compost + vermiculite + dust saw, 1: I: 1 /2: I /2 v / v).KEYWORDS: greenhouse, orchards, substrates, containers,INTRODUCTION: The seedlings development on shaded nurseries for a certain period before thetransplant the field is a common practice used in the culti vation of passion fruit (MELETTI, 1994,APUD BY ZANELLA, 2006).On seedlings development substrate has an important role (NEGREIROS et aI., 2003) therefore hasthe aim of providin~ appropriate conditions for germination and root system according RAMOS et aI.(2002, cited by JUNIOR Wagner et al., 2006) and, as already SILVA et aI. (200 I) mentionedsubstrates must show, among many features, easy availability of acquisition and transport, absence ofpathogens, wealth of nutrients, appropriate pH, good texture and structure, ensuring that the plantreceives ali necessary nutrients, partly or during its cycle.OLIVEIRA et a!. (1993) working with passion fruit, evaluated seedlings developing in differentsubstrates and trays, and conc1uded that the seeds that were grown in a larger amount of substrate hadbetter germination.And in research conducted with different substrates and containers, in the formation of seedlings ofpapaya, MENDONÇA et a!. (2002), conc1uded that the substrates containing cattle manure, charcoal,soil and sand, in proportion 2: I: I: I volume were the best alternative for the development of seedlings.This study aimed to evaluate the effects of environment, containers and substrate composition on freshmass and dried weight on shoot and root of seedlings of passion fruit and papaya in the region ofAquidauana / MS,Brazil, August 31 to September 4,2008CIOR - lnternational Conference of Agricultural EngineeringXXXVII Congresso Brasileiro de Engenharia AgrícolaMETHODOLOGY: The experiment was conducted in the experimental area of the State Universityof Mato Grosso do Sul in Aquidauana-MS, from September till November 2006, and consisted on theproduction of seedlings of the group yellow sour passion fruit (Passiflora edulis Sims. F. flavicarpaDeg), and seedlings of papaya, cultivar "Sunrise Solo," in protected environments.Four protected environments were used A I (plastic greenhouse covered with a polyethylene film oflow light density diffuser, 150 microns thick); A2 (net nursery with black monofilament, 50% ofshade); A3 (nursery with aluminum net for 50% of shadow) and A4 (nursery at ambient with strawcoverage of native coconut).There were used two types of containers R I (polyethylene bags, 15 x 25 crn) and R2 (polystyrenetrays, containing 72 cells).There were used three substrates composition SI (soil + organic compost + vermiculite, in thevolumetric proportion of 1:1:1 v / v), S2 (soil + organic compost+ dust saw, in the proportion of 1:1volumetric: 1 v / v) and S3 (soil +organic compost + vermiculite + dust saw, in the volumetricproportion of I: I: 1/2: 1 /2 v / v).Fresh mass and dried in grams were measured on shoot and root system at 50 DAS. The dailymaximum and minimum temperatures were collected as well temperatures at 09h OOrnin, 12h OOminand 15h OOmin of each production environment.It was used in experimental design in sub divided plots (split-split-plot), with fifteen repetitions. Themain plots were environment place, the subplots were containers (S) and sub plots were thecompositions of substrates.The analyses were performed by the computer program ESTAT (UNESP / FCA VJ, 1994). Theinteractions were not evaluated.RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: At Table 1 it is possible to verify that the environments AI and A2were the best environments for seedling production of passion fruit. For the papaya, Table 2, theenvironment with aluminum net (environment A2) presented the best development for seedlings,except for the dry weight of the root system. These environments have in their constitution, shadingnets at the top and on both sides, being an obstruction to strong winds and the entry of pathogens.Comparing the containers types used through Tables I and 2, you can see that the polyethylene bagsshowed higher fresh mass and dried weight that polystyreney trays, both for the passion fruit and forthe papaya, providing better seedlings development (VERDIAL et aI., 2000).Still, according to Table I, it can be observed for ali biomass passion fruits parameters for passionfruit that the substrate SI showed higher values, while for papaya (Table 2) the substrates S1 and S3stood out for leaf parameters and the substrate S I to the root.Table 3 presents the maximum and minimum temperatures and also temperatures at 09h OOmin, 12hOOmin and 15h OOmin of each production environment. The environments A2 and A3, even notdiffering statistically environments of I and 4 regarding the temperatures collected were theenvironments that presented the best development seedlings. These environments by presenting net onsideline provided barriers to strong winds.Irrigation was performed during morning periods and late afternoon, and then plants were throughoutthe period of greatest heat stress showing high of evaporation and transpiration rates. This processresulted in plants with less accumulation of biomass in the environment AI. The environment A2provided better development of parameters for papaya biomass, where similar results were found byARAUJO et a!. (2006).CIGR - International Conference of Agricultural EngineeringXXXYII Congresso Brasileiro de Engenharia AgrícolaBrazil, August 31 to September 4, 2008Table 1 - Fresh mass (LFM) and dried (LDM) leaves, fresh mass (RFM) and dried (RDM) roots ofpassion fruit, in grams.LFM LDM RFM RDMEnvironmentsA2 4.239 A A2 0.705 A A2 1.016 A A3 0.139 AA3 3.930 A A3 0.645 A A3 0.910 A A2 0.138 AAI 2.474 B A4 0.402 B AI 0.676 B AI 0.109 BA4 2.291 B AI 0.392 B A4 0.514 B A4 0.083 CCY (%) 41.09 39.29 59.46 55.13ContainersRI 5.825 A RI 0.928 A RI 1.157 A RI 0.174 AR2 0.642 B R2 0.144 B R2 0.402 B R2 0.060 BCY (%) 41.40 40.96 50.87 46.87SubstratesSI 4.182 A SI 0.705 A SI 1.080 A SI 0.163 AS3 3.700 B S3 0.628 B S3 0.930 B S3 0.137 BS2 1.817 C S2 0.274 C S2 0.329 C S2 0.051 CCY (%) 37.54 33.75 40.95 42.46The different letters in lhe same column indicate significant differences.Table I - Fresh mass (LFM) and dried (LDM) leaves, fresh mass (RFM) and dried (RDM) roots ofpapa:ta, in grams.LFM LDM RFM RDMEnvironmentsA3 5.622 A A3 0.658 A A3 2.553 A A2 0.181 AA2 4.168 B A2 0.543 B A2 2.123 B A3 0.175 AA4 3.137 C AI 0.418 C AI 1.609 C AI 0.149 BAI 2.943 C A4 0.389 C A4 1.003 O A4 0.078 CCY (%) 33.21 CY (%) 32.02 CY (0/0) 47.20 CY (0/0) 38.01ContainersRI 7.441 A RI 0.921 A RI 3.130 A RI 0.244 AR2 0.494 B R2 0.083 B R2 0.514 B R2 0.047 BCY (0/0) 34.22 CY (0/0) 32.94 CY (0/0) 49.32 CY (0/0) 39.57SubstratesSI 5.028 A SI 0.662 A SI 2.562 A SI 0.206 AS3 4.886 A S3 0.614 A S3 2.282 B S3 0.178 BS2 1.988 B S2 0.230 B S2 0.622 C S2 0.053 CCY (0/0) 38.13 CY (0/0) 34.18 CY (0/0) 47.58 CY (0/0) 39.60The different letters in the same column indicate significant differences.Tabela 3. Temperature (0C) at 09h OOmin, 12h OOmin and 15h OOmin, temperature maximum (Tmax)and minimum (Tmin) average in environments (A).A 09h 00 min A 12h 00 min A 15h 00 min A Tmax A TminI329.8 A 4 33.2 A I 32.3 A29.5 A I 33.1 A 4 32.2 A29.2 A 2 32.5 A 3 32.0 A29.2 A 3 32.4 A 2 31.5 A10.4 11.5 15.9437.1 A36.8 A4221.7 A422335.8 A35.7 A21.5 A21.3 A3 21.0 A12.0CY (0/0) 10.3The different letters in lhe same column indicare significam differences,CONCLUSION: For papaya seedlings the best environment was the one that contained the termreflecting net (aluminum net) and for passion fruit the best environments containing the monofilamentnet and aluminum net.Polyethylene bag was the container which made the better development for passion fruit and papaya.CIGR - InternationalConferenceof AgriculturalEngineeringXXXVII CongressoBrasileirode EngenhariaAgrícolaBrazil, August 31 to September4, 2008Based on the substrates studied, those who had the best results were the substrates SI (soil + organiccompost + vermiculite, in the volumetric proportion of 1:1:1 v / v) (soil + organic compost +verrniculite, in the volumetric proportion of 1:I: 1 v / v)and substrate S3 (soil +organic compost +verrniculite + dust saw , in the volumetric proportion of 1:I: 1 / 2: 1 / 2 v / v), where for ali theparameters for passion fruit biomass highlighted the substrate S3, while for the papaya, the SI and S3substrates were superior to the shoots and substrate SI to the roots.REFERENCES:ARAUJO, J. G. et al. Effect of container of culture and environment on the development of seedlingsof papaya cv. Sunrise soil. Revista Brasileira de Fruticultura, Jaboticabal - SP, v. 28, n. 3, p. 526-529, Dezembro 2006.MELETII, L. M. M. Passion fruit: seedling quality is essential. O Agronômico, Campinas, v. 46,n.I/3, p. 9-12, 1994.MENDONÇA, V.; NETO, S. E. A.; RAMOS, 1. D.; PIO, R; GONTIJO, T. C. A. Different substratesand containers in the papaya seedlings formation 'sunrise solo'. Revista Brasileira de Fruticultura,Jaboticabal, v.25, n. 1, 2003. Disponible in: http://www.scielo.br/scielo. Access in: 26 set. 2006NEGREIROS, J. R. S.; ÁLVARES, V. S.; BRAGA, L. R.; BRUCKNER, C. H. Different substrates inthe yellow passion fruit seedlings formation. Revista Ceres, Viçosa, v. 51, n. 294, p. 243-249, 2003.OLIVEIRA, R P.; SCIVITTARO, W. B.; VASCONCELLOS, L. A. B. C. Passion fruit seedlingsevaluation in function of substrate and kind container. Scientia agrícola, Piracicaba, v. 50, n. 2, p.261-266,1993. Disponible in: http//: www.scielo.com.br Access in: 25/12/2005.RAMOS, J. D.; CHALFUN, N. N. J.; PASQUAL, M.; RUFINI, 1. C. M. Orchards plants seedlingsproduction for seed. Informe Agropecuário, Belo Horizonte, v. 23, n. 216, p. 64-72, 2002.SILVA, R P. da; PEIXOTO, J. R; JUNQUEIRA, N. T. V. Influence of kind substrates in the passionfruit seedlings development (Passiflora edulis Sims f. flavicarpa Deg). Revista Brasileira deFruticultura, Jaboticabal, v. 23, n. 2, p. 377-381,2001.WAGNER JÚNIOR, A. et aI. (Ed). Influence of substrate in the yellow passion fruit germination andinitial development (Passiflora edulis Sims f. flavicarpa Deg). Ciência e Agrotecnologia, Lavras -MG, v. 30, n. 4, jul-ago, 2006.UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL PAULISTA "JÚLIO DEMESQUITA FILHO". Departamento deCiências Exatas. ESTAT. Versão 2.0. Jaboticabal: FCAV/UNESP, 1994.VERDIAL, M. F., LIMA, M. S.; TESSARIOLI NETO, J. et al, Methods of yellow passion fruitseedlings formation. Scientia Agrícola, v. 57, n.4, p.795-798, 2000.ZANELLA, F.; SONCELA, R e LIMA, A. L. S. Yellow passion fruit seedlings formation withshadow levels in Ji-Paraná/RO. In.: Ciência e Agrotecnologia. Lavras - MG, v. 30, n 5, p. 880-884,Set./Out./2006. Disponible in: http://www.editora.ufla.br/revista/30_5/art09.pdf. Access in28/J an./2007.

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Protected environments on the development of passion fruit and papaya seedlings in the southern pantanal matogrossense.

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