BRSMG Majestoso was developed by UFLA/Embrapa Rice and Beans/UFV/EPAMIG and released for the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, in view of its high average yield, superior grain quality, anthracnose resistance and low susceptibility to angular leaf spot

ABREU, A. de F. B.

BARROS, E. G. de

CARNEIRO, J. E. de S.

COSTA, J. G. C. da

DEL PELOSO, M. J.

FARIA, L. C. de

MARTINS, M.

MELO, L. C.

MOREIRA, M. A.

PAULA JÚNIOR, T. J. de

PEREIRA FILHO, I. A.

RAMALHO, M. A. P.

RAVA, C. A.

SANTOS, J. B. dos

SARTORATO, A.

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403                                                                                                        Crop Breeding and Applied Biotechnology 7: 403-405, 2007AFB Abreu et al.Crop Breeding and Applied Biotechnology 7: 403-405, 2007Brazilian Society of Plant Breeding. Printed in BrazilReceived 18 July 2007Accepted 15 September 2007ABSTRACT - BRSMG Majestoso was developed by UFLA/Embrapa Rice and Beans/UFV/EPAMIG and released for the stateof Minas Gerais, Brazil, in view of its high average yield, superior grain quality, anthracnose resistance and low susceptibilityto angular leaf spot.Key words: Phaseolus vulgaris, plant breeding, cultivar description.BRSMG Majestoso: another common bean cultivar ofcarioca grain type for the state of Minas GeraisÂngela de Fátima Barbosa Abreu1,3*, Magno Antonio Patto Ramalho1, José Eustáquio de Souza Carneiro2, Maria José Del Peloso3,Trazilbo José de Paula Júnior4, Luís Cláudio de Faria3, Leonardo Cunha Melo3, Everaldo Gonçalves de Barros2, Maurílio AlvesMoreira2, Israel Alexandre Pereira Filho5, Maurício Martins6, João Bosco dos Santos1, Carlos Agustín Rava3, Joaquim GeraldoCáprio da Costa3, and Aloísio Sartorato31 Embrapa Arroz e Feijão, Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Lavras (UFLA), C.P. 3037, 37.200-000 Lavras, MG, Brasil. *E-mail:afbabreu@ufla.br.2 Departamento de Fitotecnia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), 36.570-000 Viçosa, MG, Brasil3 Embrapa Arroz e Feijão. C.P. 179, 75.375-000, Santo Antônio de Goiás, GO, Brasil4 Empresa de Pesquisa Agropecuária de Minas Gerais (EPAMIG), Centro Tecnológico da Zona da Mata, C.P. 216, 36.570-000, Viçosa, MG, Brasil5 Embrapa Milho e Sorgo, C.P. 285, 35.701-970 Sete Lagoas, MG, Brasil6 Universidade Federal de Uberlândia (UFU), C.P. 593, 38.400-902, Uberlândia, MG, BrasilINTRODUCTIONCommon bean yield in Minas Gerais has beenincreasing and since 2005 the state became the majordry bean producer in Brazil. However, production is stillunstable due to a series of factors including the diversityof management systems and biotic stresses.Management systems differ greatly in Minas Gerais.There are from the small-scale subsistence farmers thatuse little technology to the big farmers that make use ofall available technology. Among the biotic stresses, cropdiseases play an important role. Colletotrichumlindemuthianum and Phaeoisariopsis griseola, thecausal agents of anthracnose and angular leaf spot,respectively, are two of the most common bean diseasesin Minas Gerais. The most economic way to controlthem is the use of resistant cultivars. However, aspointed out in the literature, these pathogens appear innumerous pathotypes, which reduces the useful life ofcommon bean cultivars considerably.  In this situationthe common bean breeding programs must be dynamic,providing farmers with new common bean cultivars withdifferent resistance alleles. Prior to the release of acultivar it has to be tested in a range of environments.In this sense the institutions Universidade Federal deLavras, (UFLA), Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV),Embrapa Arroz e Feijão (CNPAF) and Empresa dePesquisa Agropecuária de Minas Gerais (Epamig) havebeen evaluating new cultivars. As a result of this effortBRSMG Majestoso was released as a new carioca grainCrop Breeding and Applied Biotechnology 7: 403-405, 2007  404BRSMG Majestoso: another common bean cultivar of carioca grain type for the state of Minas Geraistype cultivar for common bean cultivation in the stateof Minas Gerais.CULTIVAR  ORIGIN  AND  DEVELOPMENTBRSMG Majestoso was originated by a crossbetween Ouro Negro, a black common bean cultivar andPérola, a carioca grain type cultivar. Crosses wereperformed in 1998 at the UFLA Biology Department andF1 seeds obtained. The generations F2 and F3 wereadvanced by the bulk method. From the F3 population,398 plants with carioca grain type were selected. Theseplants were evaluated in the F3:4 and F3:5 progenies inLavras and Patos de Minas and 10 of them were selectedfor evaluation in different trials. Based on the results ofthese experiments line OP-NS 331 was chosen toparticipate in the trials for Values for Cultivation andUse (VCU) from 2002 to 2004. Such VCU trials wereperformed to evaluate 17 lines in 43 environments inthe state of Minas Gerais, using cultivars BRSMGTalismã and Pérola as control in a complete randomizedblock design with three replications.PERFORMANCEThe 43 environments used for the VCU trialsincluded several locations in the state of Minas Geraisand three growing seasons: fall-winter /2002 (Lavras,Patos de Minas, Viçosa, Coimbra, Leopoldina, PonteNova), wet season/2002 (Lavras  two experiments,Unaí), dry season/2003 (Lavras, Lambari, Patos deMinas, Sete Lagoas, Florestal, Viçosa, Coimbra, PonteNova, Leopoldina), fall-winter /2003 (Lavras, Lambari,Patos de Minas, Uberlândia  two experiments,Capinópolis, Sete Lagoas, Viçosa, Coimbra, Ponte Nova,Leopoldina, Formoso de Minas), wet season/2003(Lavras, Lambari, Patos de Minas, Uberlândia), dryseason/2004 (Lavras, Ijaci, Lambari, Uberlândia, Patosde Minas, Governador Valadares, Viçosa, Coimbra), fall-winter /2004 (Unaí). In almost all of them the averageyield of cultivar BRSMG Majestoso exceeded theaverage yield of the controls Pérola and BRSMGTalismã, demonstrating a better adaptation (Table 1).The overall average yield of BRSMG Majestoso was11.3% higher than the two controls.OTHER  CHARACTERISTICSPlant type and lodging resistanceCultivar BRSMG Majestoso has a type IIIindeterminate growth habit. Its lodging and plant typeare very similar to control Pérola, the most grown cultivarin the state of Minas Gerais (Table 2).Disease reactionBRSMG Majestoso is resistant to pathotypes 55,89, 95, and 453 of Colletotrichum lindemuthianum andto common bean common mosaic virus and has, underfield conditions,  an intermediary reaction toPhaeoisariopsis griseola (Table 2).Technological and industrial grain qualityIn the common bean quality test, cultivar BRSMGMajestoso presented excellent cooking quality, with ashorter cooking time than both BRSMG Talismã andPérola (Table 2). Besides, the carioca grain type ofBRSMG Majestoso ensures a competitive advantageon the market.CONCLUSIONSDue to the high average yield, carioca grain type,excellent cooking quality, anthracnose resistance andlow susceptibility to angular leaf spot the cultivarBRSMG Majestoso is yet another possible choice forcommon bean cultivation in the state of Minas Gerais.SEED  PRODUCTIONGenetic seed stock is maintained by theUniversidade Federal de Lavras and basic seed isavailable at Embrapa Technology Transfer.PARTNER  INSTITUTIONS  IN  THE  CULTIVAREVALUATION:- Embrapa Arroz e Feijão - Santo Antônio de Goiás, GO.- Universidade Federal de Lavras - Lavras, MG.- Universidade Federal de Viçosa - Viçosa, MG.- Empresa de Pesquisa Agropecuária de Minas Gerais -CTZM - Viçosa, MG.- Embrapa Milho e Sorgo - Sete Lagoas, MG.- Universidade Federal de Uberlândia - Uberlândia, MG.405                                                                                                        Crop Breeding and Applied Biotechnology 7: 403-405, 2007AFB Abreu et al.Table 1. Grain yield (kg ha-1) of cultivar BRSMG Majestoso and the controls Pérola and BRSMG Talismã in three growing seasons andpercentage of superiority compared to the control meanSeasons                              Number of                   BRSMG         Pérola           BRSMG               Relative percentageenvironments               Majestoso                                        Talismã                 of  control meanWet 7 2412 1992 2149 116.5Dry 17 2329 1878 2101 117.1Fall-winter 19 2482 2427 2343 104.1Average yield 43 2413 2138 2199 111.3Table 2. Biological and physical traits of cultivar BRSMG Majestoso and the controls Pérola and BRSMG TalismãTrait       BRSMG Majestoso                   Pérola              BRSMG TalismãPlant type1 5.2 5.3 5.9Lodging2 5.2 5.4 6.0Days to flowering3 42.0 45.0 42.0Days to maturation4 87.0 88.0 84.0Angular leaf spot5 3.0 3.6 4.2Cooking time (minutes)6 27.0 31.0 31.0Soluble solids (%)7 8.9 10.6 11.0Protein (%)8 23.0 21.3 23.8100 grain weight (g) 30.6 29.0 26.01 Plant type: 1 - plants of upright growth habit and, 9 - very prostrated plants. Mean of 25 environments.2 Lodging: 1  less than 5% lodged plants and, 9  more than 95% lodged plants. Mean of 20 environments. 3 Mean of 10 environments. 4 Meanof 12 environments. 5 Severity of angular-leaf spot: 1  asymptomatic plants and, 9  severe disease symptoms. Mean of 14 environments.6 According to methodology of Proctor and Watts (1987). 7 According to methodology of Plhak et al. (1989). 8 Determined by micro-KjeldhalmethodREFERENCESPlhak LC, Caldwell KW and Stanley DW (1989) Comparison ofmethods used to characterize water imbibition in hard-to-cook beans Journal of Food Science 4: 326-336.Proctor JR and Watts BM (1987) Development of a ModifiedMattson Bean Cooker Procedure Based on Sensory PanelCookabil i ty Evaluation.  Canadian Institute of FoodScience and Technology 20: 9-14.

BRSMG Majestoso: another common bean cultivar of carioca grain type for the state of Minas Gerais.

BRSMG Majestoso: another common bean cultivar of carioca grain type for the state of Minas Gerais.

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