The wheat cultivar BRS 254 was developed by Embrapa. It resulted from a cross between Embrapa 22*3 and Anahuac 75. The gluten strength of BRS 254 is high and the cultivar is suited for irrigated conditions

ALBRECHT, J. C.

CAIERAO, E.

FRONZA, V.

NASCIMENTO JUNIOR, A. do

RIBEIRO JUNIOR, W. Q.

SCHEEREN, P. L.

SILVA, M. S. e

SOARES SOBRINHO, J.

TRINDADE, M. da G.

YAMANAKA, C. H.

Repository Open Access to Scientific Information from Embrapa

96                                                                                                        Crop Breeding and Applied Biotechnology 8: 96-98, 2008A Cargnin et al.Crop Breeding and Applied Biotechnology 8: 96-98, 2008Brazilian Society of Plant Breeding. Printed in BrazilReceived  13 August 2007Accepted 04 November 2007ABSTRACT -The wheat cultivar BRS 254 was developed by Embrapa. It resulted from a cross between Embrapa 22*3 andAnahuac 75. The gluten strength of BRS 254 is high and the cultivar is suited for irrigated conditions.Key words: Triticum aestivum, cultivar, genetic breeding.BRS 254 – Wheat cultivar for irrigated conditionsINTRODUCTIONThe central region of Brazil, the Cerrado withapproximately 500 thousand ha of area, is a potential forirrigated wheat cultivation. However, for 2007, anestimated area of only 50 thousand ha was cultivatedwith wheat in the states of Minas Gerais, Goiás, DistritoFederal and Mato Grosso.  Despite an average yield ofapproximately 4.500 kg ha-1, the regional wheatproduction is far from meeting the demand of the millingindustry of local wheat, of over 1.5 million tons. Theinstitutions Embrapa Trigo, Embrapa Cerrados, EmbrapaArroz e Feijão and the Escritório de Negócios doTriângulo Mineiro cooperate on a program of geneticwheat breeding for the Central Cerrado region of Brazil,with the objective of developing wheat cultivars adaptedto the tropical edaphoclimatic conditions. This study hadthe objective of supplying the scientific andtechnological community with information on the wheatcultivar BRS 254, the first in the region obtained by themethod of haplodiploidization, with a high yield potentialand superior industrial quality for bread making.PEDIGREE  AND  BREEDING  METHODBRS 254 is derived from a backcross of therecurrent female parent Embrapa 22 with the parentAnahuac 75, performed in 1995, by the researchinstitution Embrapa Trigo, in Passo Fundo, state ofRio Grande do Sul.  The F1 generation of thishybridization was grown in a screenhouse in the winter1996, where one donor plant was selected visually. Bythe double-haploid technique, the line DHM 2818 wasobtained, which was multiplied in the winter 1997 anddenominated PF 973047. In the winter 1998 one linewas sown on an experimental field of EmbrapaMárcio Só e Silva1, Julio César Albrecht2, Eduardo Caierao1*, Pedro L. Scheeren1, Joaquim S. Sobrinho3, Maria daGlória Trindade4,  Celso Hideo Yamanaka5, Vanoli Fronza6, Walter Quadros R. Junior2, and Alfredo do NascimentoJunior11 Embrapa Trigo, Departamento de Melhoramento Vegetal, Rodovia BR 285, km 294, C.P. 451, 99.001-970, Passo Fundo, RS, Brasil. *E-mail:caierao@cnpt.embrapa.br2 Embrapa Cerrados, Departamento de Melhoramento Vegetal. Rodovia BR 020, km 18, C.P. 403, 73.301-970, Brasília, DF3 Embrapa Escritório de Negócios do Triângulo Mineiro, Av. Getúlio Vargas, 1130, Centro, 38.400-434, Uberlândia, MG4 Embrapa Arroz e Feijão, Departamento de Melhoramento Vegetal, Rodovia GO 462, C.P. 179, 75.375-000, Goiânia, DF5 Coopadap, Rodovia MG 235, km 01,38.800-000, São Gotardo, MG6 Embrapa Soja, Departamento de Melhoramento Vegetal. Rodovia Carlos J. Strass, Distrito de Warta, C.P. 231, 86.001-970. Londrina, PRCrop Breeding and Applied Biotechnology 8: 96-98, 2008  97BRS 254 – Wheat cultivar for irrigated conditionsCerrados, in Planaltina/DF, and bulk harvested.  In thesubsequent years, the cultivar was tested at the localand regional experimental level, in Value of Cultivationand Use (VCU) trials in 2002, and evaluated in thestates of Goiás, Minas Gerais, Mato Grosso andDistrito Federal.PERFORMANCEThe performance of cultivar BRS 254 regarding grainyield is presented in Table 1. In the five years of evaluationthe mean yield was 4.812 kg ha-1, with a variation of 3.606kg ha-1, in Mato Grosso, to 5.789 kg ha-1, in the DistritoFederal. The production potential observed a maximumgrain yield of 7.040 kg ha-1 in 2004 in the Distrito Federal,a year of favorable climatic conditions. The mean relativesuperiority of BRS 254 over Embrapa 22 and Embrapa 42was on average 3% at all locations and in all years,representing a gain of 141 kg ha-1.Cultivar BRS 254 was classified as improver wheat.It can be used in the fabrication of pasta, crackers, breadand blends with soft wheat types for bread making.  Themean gluten strength during the period ofexperimentation was 330 x 10-4 J, varying from 297 to383 x 10-4 J.  In relation to the other qualitative traits,the mean protein content of BRS 254 was 11.4%, andthe bands 1, 7+8 and 5+10 were found, referring to thehigh-molecular-weight glutenins.  The grain wasclassified as hard with mean industrial yield of over60% (standard moisture 14%).Table 1. Means of grain yield (kg ha-1) of cultivar BRS 254 and the controls Embrapa 22, Embrapa 42 and BRS 207, from 2002 to 2006,in different states of Brazil and relative grain yield percentage of cultivar BRS 254 compared to the control means.  Passo Fundo, 2007Year Cultivar      MG         GO          DF         MT Brazil2002 BRS 254   5.641   3.729   5.481  -   4.950Embrapa 22   5.282   3.627   5.029  -   4.646Embraps 42   5.031   3.724   4.643  -   4.466Control Means   5.156   3.675   4.836  -   4.556% Relative      109      101      113  -      1092003 BRS 254   4.980   3.524   3.530   3.606   3.539Embrapa 22   4.688   3.736   3.436   3.444   3.637Embraps 42   4.847   3.439   3.398   4.218   3.562Control Means   4.768   3.587   3.417   3.831   3.599% Relative      104        98      103  -        982004 BRS 254   5.464   6.790   7.040  -   6.431Embrapa 22   4.845   6.355   6.947  -   6.049Embraps 42   5.473   6.065   6.353  -   5.964Control Means   5.159   6.210   6.650  -   6.006% Relative      106      109      106  -      1072005 BRS 254   6.063   3.320   6.192  -   5.170Embrapa 22   6.334   3.574   6.136  -   5.381Embraps 42   5.667   3.489   5.906  -   4.981Control Means   6.000   3.531   6.021  -   5.181% Relative      101        94      103  -      1002006 BRS 254   3.666  -   6.700  -   4.677Embrapa 22   3.498  -   6.775  -   4.590Embraps 42   4.406  -   5.735  -   4.849Control Means   3.952  -   6.255  -   4.720% Relative        93  -      107  -        99BRS 254   5.163   4.341   5.789   3.606   4.953Mean Embrapa 22   4.929   4.323   5.665   3.444   4.8612002 a 2006 Embraps 42   5.085   4.179   5.207   4.218   4.764Control Means   5.007   4.251   5.436   3.831   4.812% Relative      103      102      106        94      103 MG = Minas Gerais; GO = Goiás; DF = Distrito Federal; MT = Mato Grosso98                                                                                                        Crop Breeding and Applied Biotechnology 8: 96-98, 2008A Cargnin et al.BRS 254 – Cultivar de trigo para cultivo irrigadoRESUMO - A cultivar de trigo ‘BRS 254’ foi desenvolvida pela Embrapa.  Resultou de um cruzamento entre Embrapa 22*3e Anahuac 75.  ‘BRS 254’ apresenta elevada força de glúten e é recomendada para cultivo irrigado.Palavras-chave: Triticum aestivum, cultivar, melhoramento genético.REFERENCESComissão Centro Brasileira de Pesquisa de Trigo (2005) Infor-mações técnicas para a cultura de trigo na Região doBrasil. Embrapa: CNPAF, Goiânia, 82 p.OTHER TRAITSBRS 254 is a cultivar of hard red spring wheat,and is suitable for cultivation under irrigation. Theperformance in the test states indicated the cultivarfor commercial-scale production, aiming at grainproduction in all wheat regions of the central regionof Brazil (Commission 2005).  The plant height (meanof 86 cm) is medium and the cycle early, for heading(55 days in mean) as well as for maturation (mean of115 days).  With regard to the main abiotic stressesinherent of the cultivation region, the cultivar ismoderately lodging-resistant to natural threshing andnatural ear germination and susceptible to soilaluminum toxicity. The reaction to the main wheatdiseases  is  reasonable.  I t  is  character ized bysusceptibility to leaf rust, powdery mildew, to Septorianodorum, to scab and leaf blast. The reaction to spotblotch and tan spot is moderately susceptible. Underthe production conditions in the Brazilian Cerrado,these reactions are no restriction to commercialproduction.Morphologically,  cultivar BRS 254 haspredominantly erect leaves (40%), slightly colorfulauricles (90%), fusiform ears and awns with lightcoloration at maturation and longish dark red grains.SEED  MAINTENANCE  AND  DISTRIBUTIONCultivar BRS 254 was indexed by the Ministry ofAgriculture, Animal husbandry and Supply (MAPA),under number 19882, certificate nr. 00896. The institutionEmbrapa Trigo is in charge of the genetic seed andServiço Nacional de Tecnologia da Embrapa (SNT) isresponsible for the basic seed of this cultivar.

BRS 254 - wheat cultivar for irrigated conditions.

BRS 254 - wheat cultivar for irrigated conditions.

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