Malaria / Disease vectors / Waterborne diseases / Environmental effects / Public health / Economic impact / Social impact / Sri Lanka

Amerasinghe, F. P.

Amerasinghe, P. H.

Konradsen, F.

van der Hoek, W.

English

Research Papers in Economics

1990.Asituation analysis of malaria in Sri Lanka.

24 It is generally believed that An. culicifacies bites outdoors as well as indoors

59 Rice is the main crop in irrigated areas in Sri Lanka 60 Chapter 6 Socioeconomic Aspects of the Malaria Problem Economic and Social Impacts of Malarla Gill

7 in the incidence of malaria observed in the late 1970s. From more than 200,000 cases in 1977 it went down gradually to only 38,000 cases in 1982 and was maintained at a low level until the mid-1980s (Samarasinghe

A catalogue of the mosquitoes (Diptera:

A guide to the identification of the anopheline mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) of Sri Lanka. I Adult females. Ceylon Journal ofScience 21:l-16.

A guide to the identification of the anopheline mosquitoes of Sri Lanka, Ill Pupae.

A guide tothe identification of the anopheline mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) of Sri Lanka. Ii Larvae.

A history of medicine in Sri Lanka. Colombo. Sri Lanka: Sri Lanka Medical Association,

A malaria model tested in the African savannah.

A malaria parasite toxin associated with Plasmodium vivax paroxysms.

A metropolitan hospital in a non-endemic area provides a sampling pool for epidemiological studies on vivax malaria in Sri Lanka.

A preliminary study of dispersal and suwival of Anopheles culicifacies in relation to the possibility of inhibiting the spread of insecticide resistance.

A study in the intermediate zone of the country found peak biting rates for An. culicifacies in November and

A stxiy uf the ro P of d tferent nd genous anophe IIC species n tnc! transm ssion of numan malar a In Sri -aura. Proceenmgs of lhe SI. Lank3 Associar<on for me Advancmment of Scrence ,aostract! 395 Herarn.

A survey of adult mosquitoes during irrigation development in the Mahaweli project. Sri Lanka.

A survey of glucose-6-phosphate-dehydrogenase deficiency in the north central province of Sri Lanka (formerly Ceylonl.

A village treatment center for malaria: Community response in Sri Lanka. Social Science and Medicine 50:879489.

Administrative report of the Anti-Malaria Campaign, Sri Lanka.

An approach to estimate the degree of transmission in an area was proposed by Del Giudice

annularis, 0.16 for An. culicifacies. 0.13 for An. subpictus, 0.05 for An. tessellatus, 0.20 for An. vagus and 0.39 for An. varuna (Amerasinghe and Ariyasena

Anopheles culicifacies breeding in Sri Lanka and options for control through water management.

Anopheles Species Complexes in Sri Lanka An. culicifacies is a species complex consisting of at least four different sibling species designated

Anopheles subpictus complex: Distribution of sibling species in Sri Lanka. Indian Journalof Malariology33:53-M).

Anopheline ecology and malaria infection during the irrigation development of an area of the Mahaweli project. Sri Lanka.

Anti-larval flushing of rivers and streams in Ceylon.

Anti&gamete antibodies block transmission of human vivax malaria to mosquitoes.

Antibodies to epitopes on merozoite and sprozoite surface antigens as serologic markers of malaria transmission: Studies at a site in the dry zone of Sri Lanka.

Antibodies to Plasmodium falciparurn sporozoites following a malarial outbreak in a nonendemic area of Sri Lanka.

Antibody responses to Plasmodium falciparum and I? vivax sporozoites in areas with stable and unstable malaria.

Antigenic polymorphism in malaria: Is it an important mechanism for immune evasion?

Antigens of t? vivax parasite isolates from Sri Lanka have been characterized by immunochemical methods as well as on their ability to render infectivity to the mosquito vectors (Munasinghe. Mendis and Carter

Antimalarial drug policies: Data requirements, treatmenr of uncomplicafed malaria and management of malaria in pregnancy. Report of an informal consultation.

Anuradhapural only approximately 40 percent of the medical institutions had microscopists attached to them (Graves, Fernando, and Attanayake

Are large-scale volunteer community health worker programs feasible? The case of Sri Lanka.

Assessment of the consequences of the house-spraying of malathion on the interruption of malaria transmission.

Average yearly number of microscopically confirmed malaria cases per 7,000 persons by district from

Ayurveda. malaria and the indigenous herbal tradition in Sri Lanka.

Boosting of transmission blocking immunity during natural Plasmodium vivax infections in humans depends upon frequent re-infection. Infection and immunity

Bruce-Chwaff's essential malariology. (Third edition).

by creating favorable breeding conditions and this prevented the return of people to the affected areas for many centuries (Edirisinghe 1988; Wijesundere

calculated the age-specific incidence in six different malarial districts of the country over the period 1986 to 1994 including both t? vivaxand t? falciparum cases. From

Caner an0 K h.

Characteristics of malaria transmission in Kataragama. Sri Lanka: A focus for immun-pidemiological studies.

Characteristics of malaria vector breeding habitats in Sri Lanka: Relevance for environmental management.

Characterization of two Plasmodium vivaxgenes cloned by screening with transmission-blocking monoclonal antibodies. Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology (Supplement &quot;0.1) 91 :S25-S29.

Chloroquine resistant Plasmodium faloiparum in Sri Lanka.

Clinical tolerance however, did not increase with

Clustering of malaria infections within an endemic population: Risk of malaria associated with the type of housing construction.

Cnel 'ah

Conditionsand trends.

Control of malaria mosquito breeding through irrigation water management.

Correlation between rainfall and malaria in the dry zone of Sri Lanka.

Cyiotaxonomical examination for sibling species in the taxon Anopheles culicifacies Giles in Sri Lanka.

Deforestation and epidemic malaria in the wet and intermediate zones of Ceylon.

Demonstration of anti-disease immunity to Plasmodium vivax malaria in Sri Lanka using a quantitative method to assess clinical disease.

diagnosisof uncomplicated malaria in Sri Lanka.

Dynamics of natural antibody responses to malaria parasite surface proteins in the intermediate rainfall zone of Sri Lanka.

Early diagnosis and treatment of malaria in a refugee population in Sri Lanka.

Ecological aspects of some parasitic diseases in Sri Lanka. Asurvey of Glucose6-phosphate-dehydrogenase deficiency in the North Central Province of Sri Lanka (formerly Ceylon).

Economic and demographic research on malaria: A review of the evidence. Social Science and Medicine37:1,093-1,108.

Effect of neem seed bitters on mosquito larvae: A preliminary report.

Entomological contributions and needs for malaria control in Sri Lanka.

factors for malaria: A microepidemiological study in a village in Sri Lanka.

Featdres of recr-descenl cn.or~qJine-resIsIan1 Plasmod,trtn falmparum mfect ons confer a R.IW va iluvanrage On paras tes and naw iniplicat!ons for o'srase control Tra!!saclions of lhe Royal Soccer/ 01 Trupical Medkme arid

Few studies have been carried out in Sri Lanka to quantify the economic burden of disease on the households. One was a household survey linked to a cost-effectiveness study of antimalarial activities in the Matale District (Attanayake 1994). Jayawardene

first incriminated the mosquito Anopheles culicifacies as the vector of malaria in the country.

For resistant cases the drug of choice is sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine (Fansidar). In 1992, the first Fansidar-resistant case of t? falciparum was reported from a patient who had been infected in Chilaw (Handunnetti et al.

found the peak biting time for An. culicifacies to be between 20:OO and 23:OO. A different study in the same region found a peak biting time between 18:OO and 23:OO (Ramasamy

G-ncserera 1913. RcpOR on malaw dl lhr poR of Talamannar CeylJrr Ceylon Sess.cna Paper 34 Co omoo. Cey on' Govcrnnirnt Record Office.

Gender as a factor affecting incidence of malaria in Sri Lanka.

GIs for health and the environment.

High seasonal malaria transmission rates in the intermediate rainfall zone of Sri Lanka.

Historical references to malaria in Sri Lanka and some notable episodes up to present times.

htm Centers for Disease Control and Prevention www.unhcr.ch 1998. Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR-1998 statistical overview 77

Human T cell proliferative responses to Plasmodium vivax antigens: Evidence of immunosuppression following prolonged exposure to endemic malaria.

I ness perception Socna cost an0 cop ng-strareg (!6 of nlalar a cases Socra.

Identification of the source of blood meals of wild caught Anopheles culicifacies and An. subpictus using gel diffusion technique.

Illness behavior and preventive behavior of the people and malaria transmission in Sri Lanka. Mosquito-Borne Diseases Bulletin 1O:lZ-20.

Immune modulation of parasite transmission in Plasmodium vivax malaria, Antigamete antibodies can both block and enhance transmission. UCU symposia on Molecular and Cellular Biology. New Series,

Immune responses against sexual stages of Plasmodium vivax during human malarial infections in Sri Lanka.

Implementation of the global malaria control strategy.

In a study in southeastern Sri Lanka, the EIR of the Anopheles species was estimated at 0.0029 infectious bites per person per nightfor P vivaxand 0.0109for P falciparurn Flrat Meal Second Meal (Mendis et al.

In a study undertaken in a jungle area in the east of the country in 1948, along the Gal Oya river, Rajendram, Cader, and Visvalingam

In another study related to the Mahaweli Project,

in four of the major malarial districts of the country

In recent years, the ratio of P vivaxto P falciparumcases has gone down from 33:l in 1980 to 3.1 in

In the same study area a transient increase in CD3'T-cells in the peripheral blood of nonimmune individuals was observed in association with fl vivax malarial paroxysms (Perera

Infectious reservoir of Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum malaria in an endemic region of Sri Lanka.

Infectivity of Plasmodium vivaxand F! falciparum to Anopheles tessellatus; relationship between oocyst and sporozoite development.

Irrigation and vector-borne diseases: A case study in Sri Lanka.

Irrigation, health and the environment: A literature review with examples from Sri Lanka.

Larval survey of surface water-breeding mosquitoes during irrigation development in the Mahaweli project. Sri Lanka.

lnrernarronal horxsnop on ,nsearc,'de ressiance of mosqutro vecrors,

Malaria and itscontrol in Sri Lanka. Ceylon MedicalJournal26107-115.

Malaria and mortality rates in South Asia and in Africa: Implications for malaria control.

Malaria and the ancient cities of Ceylon.

Malaria eradication in Ceylon.

Malaria in Ceylon. Part I, The control and prevention of epidemic malaria by the residual spraying of houses with D.D.T.

Malaria incidence from October 15,

Malaria in Sri Lanka: Current knowledge on transmission and control

http://publications.iwmi.org/pdf/H027692.pdf

Malaria in Sri Lanka: Current knowledge on transmission and control

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