Berveno, O. V.

Dang, Xuan Hoan

Tiutiunnykovа, S. V.

Цифровий репозиторій ХНАМГ (KNAME Digital Repository)

6 In 2013-2015 the problem of imbalance in bilateral trade relations deepened because of import-export reorientation gaps, which disappeared only in 2016. However trade deficit with Germany remains at a high level yet: 2018- $3586,8 bln; 2019 -$3477,8 bln; 2020 (11 months) –$2942,0 bln [3].  Literature: 1. Benáček V., Drábek Z. Economic Transition in European Countries: Trade Reorientation and Global Reintegration. Routledge Handbook on the Economics and Political Economy of Transition. P. Hare & G. Turley (eds). 2013. P. 167-180. 2. Архиереев С. Институциональные преобразования и трансакционные издержки. Бизнес Информ. 1998. №. 11. С. 20-22 3. State Statistics Service of Ukraine: website. URL: http://ukrstat.gov.ua (accessed 30.01.2021) 4. Giucci R.; Walter W. The economic impact of the reciprocal EU-Russia sanctions on the EU: Plausibility check of existing studies using a simple estimation. Berlin: BE Berlin Economics GmbH. 30 May 2017. 51 p   STRATEGIC INSTABILITY OF 21st CENTURY: CAUSES AND SOURCES OF OVERCOMING  DANG XUAN HOAN, PhD (Economics), Professor, President National Academy of Public Administration, Hanoi, Vietnam S. TIUTIUNNYKOVА, Doctor of Science (Economics), Professor, Professor of the Department of Economic Theory and Economic Management Methods V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Kharkiv, Ukraine  O. BERVENO, Doctor of Science (Economics), Docent, Professor of the Department of Economic Theory and International Economics O. M. Beketov National University of Urban Economy, Kharkiv, Ukraine  The 21st century, in which modern humanity has entered, is full of hopes and worries, unprecedented opportunities and threats. Only on the maturity and wisdom of man and society does the future of the world depend. Today we are eyewitnesses to the global crisis of the world. Uncertainty and chaos are growing in the world, instability and inconsistency, which are so closely intertwined that they turn into a direct strategic component of socio-economic development. To modern fundamental processes that give rise to global instability, include the following: 1. The modern format of the capitalist socio-economic system prevailing in the world. The capitalist system in the format in which it currently exists is not able to cope with many global challenges (climate change, pandemics, technological determinism, global financial and economic crises, growing levels of inequality, etc.). The capitalist system needs a significant civilizational transformation. In our opinion, these transformations should be based on such principles as the cohesion of world society, first of all cohesion in resolving global problems and challenges, co-evolutionary development, involving partnership between man and nature, coupled 7 with humanitarian and technical development. The fact that capitalism is "outdated" and does not cope with global problems and combating crises has been much said recently at various venues of international forums (WEF, Club of Rome, etc.) and leaders of different countries. 2. Changes in public consciousness. The public consciousness in the context of complicating the fundamental processes of development, the dynamism of the unfolding technological updates, is not able to adequately assess these changes, to recognize and take into account in economic practice. This leads to increased confusion, chaos, loss of integrity and strategic thinking, and, consequently, control over the future. Strategic thinking is often replaced by tactical response, often belated to events that have already occurred. 3. The crisis of the ruling elites. The crisis of the ruling elites is primarily associated with their inability to anticipate and manage dynamically occurring events. World architectonics of intercountry interactions is collapsing. New, stronger, more up-to-date standards, rules and organizations have not yet been formed that could replace poorly functioning international institutions (global centers) designed to maintain peace on the planet. The world in such conditions becomes very fragile and unreliable, filled with wars and conflicts. The planet needs the noospheric thinking of strong and educated elites that can create an inclusive and effective environment for cross-country interaction. 4. In the twenty-first century mankind entered the “full world” (Herman Edward Daly) with a culture formed in the conditions of another, “empty world” full of uncharted territories and unlimited resources. The global contradiction of such a situation, in our opinion, boils down to the fact that, firstly, the “full world” is confronted with a situation of exhaustion of resources, and secondly, the consumption model based on the assumption of unlimited resources is inherent in human society. Consumer society, as a global form of culture, ideology and the economic model of the modern world, exacerbates this fundamental asymmetry. 5. The growing inequality, property stratification that swept the world in the twenty-first century is gradually reaching a critical level. The gaps in income levels, access to quality education, nutrition and health care continue to grow both in the world as a whole and within countries. The result of this situation is growing migratory flows (whole resettlement of peoples) and growing instability in the world. Mankind cannot count on sustainable development until the tendency to stratify society is overcome, and effective methods for the equitable distribution of resources are not found. As the COVID-19 Coronavirus pandemic unfolding in the world shows, the world is becoming even more unbalanced. The richest over this period became even richer (Jeff Bezos, Elon Musk) against the backdrop of an unprecedented increase in poverty in all countries. If humanity becomes wiser after the pandemic, it will realize that the only way to preserve it is inclusive, sustainable and balanced development.  The main risks and causes of strategic instability are associated with human activities. Man, possessing a subjective mission, constructed a world that today is filled with uncertainty and risks. Accordingly, the way out of this situation is connected with the person. The sources of movement towards a sustainable world 8 that can overcome growing instability are in man, his nature and ability to improve. Will he be able to create a new culture, overcome the asymmetry of development between his activity, transforming the world around him, and activity, transforming his own inner world, can he overcome new risks and threats. The world is in a situation requiring a qualitative civilizational shift. As once at the beginning of the eighteenth century, those who changed traditions and made the transition to new technologies became the development leaders. At the beginning of the 21st century, the world needs a new leap towards knowledge-based production, the progress of human development, and the formation of the ability to make value-conscious consumption. The situation unfolding in the world with the spread of the COVID-19 virus infection, which quickly acquired the character of a global pandemic, brought the world to the understanding that the further development of civilization is possible only on the basis of mutual understanding, dialogue and equal partnership.   СУЧАСНІ ОСОБЛИВОСТІ УПРАВЛІННЯ РИЗИКАМИ ПРИ ЗДІЙСНЕННІ МІЖНАРОДНИХ ПРОЕКТІВ  А. Є. АЧКАСОВ, д-р екон. наук, проф.,  проф. кафедри економіки Харківський національний університет міського господарства імені О. М. Бекетова, м. Харків  У сучасних соціально-економічних умовах управління проектами є невід’ємною частиною ефективної зовнішньоекономічної діяльності, спрямованої на забезпечення конкурентоспроможності й стійкого економічного розвитку вітчизняних компаній на міжнародних ринках різної галузевої спрямованості. Підсистема управління вартістю проекту також має ряд галузевих особливостей. На стадії будівництва вона являє собою циклічно повторювальний процес розрахунків прогнозної вартості об’єкту, що споруджується, вироблення і впровадження заходів щодо скорочення прогнозної вартості або її втриманню в заданих контрактом межах. Ціль управління конфігурацією проекту полягає в досягненні відповідності один одному трьох об’єктів управління: - вимог, виставлених замовником при формуванні контракту; - розробленої проектної та робочої документації, включаючи інформаційну модель; - об’єкту, завершеного і такого, що пройшов етап пуско-налагодження для підтвердження досягнення відповідності проектним вимогам. Підсистема управління якістю проекту містить у собі процеси управління якістю при проектуванні, виготовленні встаткування, здійсненні будівельно-монтажних робіт і встановлення невідповідності в ході проведення пуско-налагоджувальних робіт. 

Strategic Instability of 21st Century: Causes and Sources of Overcoming

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Strategic Instability of 21st Century: Causes and Sources of Overcoming

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