macroeconomics, Transformation, U.S. Banking Industry

Allen N. Berger

Anil K. Kashyap

Joseph M. Scalise

English

Research Papers in Economics

A Market Evaluation of the Risk-Based Capital Standards for the U.S. Financial System.&quot;

A Reexamination of Mean-Variance Analysis of Bank Capital Regulation.&quot;

Agency Costs of Free Cash Flow, Corporate Finance, and Takeovers.&quot; American Economic Review, Papers and

An Application of the Cox Proportional Hazards Model to Bank Failure.&quot;

Antitrust Laws, Justice Department Guidelines, and the Limits of Concentration in Local Banking Markets.&quot;

Are Foreign Banks Out-Competing U.S. Banks in the U.S. Market?&quot; Economic and Policy Analysis Working Paper 94-5. Office of the Comptroller of the Currency

Bank Capital Shocks: Dynamic Effects on Securities, Loans, and Capital.&quot;

Bank Regulation and the Credit Crunch.&quot;

Banking Industry in Turmoil: A Report on the Condition of the U.S. Banking Industry and the Bank Insurance Fund. Report to the Financial Institutions Subcommittee of the House Banking Committee. Washington: Government Printing Office.

Capital Controls and Bank Risk.&quot;

Capital Regulation and Bank Risk-Taking: A Note.&quot;

Commercial Paper, Corporate Finance, and the Business Cycle: A Microeconomic Perspective.&quot;

Consolidation of the Banking Industry and the Merger Guidelines.&quot;

Corporate Control, Portfolio Choice, and the Decline of Banking.&quot;

Corporate Finance and Corporate Governance.&quot;

Data Envelopment Analysis and Management Performance: An Empirical Investigation of Small U.S. Banks.&quot; Paper prepared for the fifth annual Small Firm Financial Research Symposium,

De Jure Interstate Banking: Why Only Now?&quot;

Department of Justice, Office of the Comptroller of the Currency, and the Federal Reserve.

Determinants of the Growth of Foreign Banking Assets in the United States.&quot; Research Paper 9112. New York: Federal Reserve Bank of

Determinants of U.S. Commercial 218 Brookings Papers on Economic Activity, 2:1995 Bank Performance: Regulatory and Econometric Issues.&quot; Unpublished paper.

Did Risk-Based Capital Allocate Bank Credit and Cause a 'Credit Crunch' in the United States?&quot;

Does Regulation Drive Innovation?&quot; Economic Perspectives 12(2): 3-15. Bank for International Settlements. Various years. International Banking and Financial Market Developments. Basle: Bank for International Settlements.

Economic and Political Foundations of Section 7 Enforcement in the 1980s.&quot;

Efficiency and Productivity Growth in U.S. Banking.&quot;

Explaining Bank Failures: Deposit Insurance, Regulation, and Efficiency.&quot;

FDICIA and Bank Capital.&quot;

Financial Institutions Management: A Modern Perspective. Burr

Foreign Bank Activity in the United States: An Analysis by Country of Origin.&quot;

Foreign Bank Credit to U.S. Corporations: The Implications of Off-Shore Loans.&quot; Federal Reserve Bank of New York Quarterly Review

Foreign Bank Operations in the United States: Cause for Concern?&quot;

Foreign-Owned Banks in the U.S.: Earning Market Share or Buying It?&quot; Unpublished paper.

Future U.S. Banking Structure:

Growth in Japanese Lending and Direct Investment in the United States: Are They Related?&quot; Japan and the World Economy

Implementing FDICIA's Mandatory Closure Rule.&quot;

Interstate Banking and the Payments System. &quot;

Loan Market Competition Between Foreign and U.S. Banks: Some Facts About Loans and Borrowers.&quot; In The Declining? Role of Banking. Chicago: Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago.

Measurement and Efficiency Issues in Commercial Banking. &quot; In Output Measurement in the Service Sectors, edited by Zvi Griliches.

Megamergers in Banking and the Use of Cost Efficiency as an Antitrust Defense.&quot;

Money, the Financial System, and the Economy.

Multi-Office Bank Lending to Small Businesses: Some New Evidence.&quot; Federal Reserve Bank of

On the Theory of Finance for Privately Held Firms.&quot;

Predicting Bank Failure Using DEA to Quantify Management Quality.&quot; Unpublished paper. Federal Reserve Bank of

Problem Loans and Cost

Profitability of Foreign Banks in the United States.&quot; Research Paper 9225. New York: Federal Reserve Bank of

Profits and Balance Sheet Developments at U.S. Commercial Banks in 1994.&quot;

Regulation of Bank Capital and Portfolio Risk.&quot;

Regulation, Industrial Structure, and Instability in U.S. Banking: An Historical Perspective.&quot;

Relationship Lending and Lines of Credit in Small Firm Finance. &quot;

Report of the Market Share Task Force.

Reserve Requirements: History, Current Practice, and Potential Reform.&quot;

Risk in Banking and Capital Regulation.&quot;

Risk-Based Capital and Deposit Insurance Reform.&quot;

Scale Economies and Technological Change in Federal Reserve ACH Payment Processing.&quot; Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland Economic Review

Securitization with Recourse: An Instrument That Offers Uninsured Bank Depositors Sequential Claims.&quot;

Securitization, Risk, and the Liquidity Problem in Banking.&quot;

Separating the Likelihood and Timing of Bank Failure.&quot;

Small Business Credit Availability: How Important Is Size of Lender?&quot; In Universal Banking: Financial System Design Reconsidered, edited by Anthony Saunders and Ingo Walter. Burr Ridge, Ill.: Irwin Publishing (forthcoming).

State Laws Affecting the Geographic Expansion of Commercial Banks.&quot; Unpublished paper.

Substitutes and Complements in Bank Risk-Taking and the Effectiveness of Regulation.&quot; Unpublished paper. Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City

Takeovers Improve Firm Performance: Evidence from the Banking Industry.&quot;

Taxpayer Loss Exposure in the Bank Insurance Fund.&quot;

The Benefits of Lending Relationships: Evidence from Small Business Data.&quot;

The Choice Between Public and Private Debt: An Analysis of Post-Deregulation Corporate Financing in Japan.&quot; Working Paper 4421.

The Credit Crunch.&quot;

The Decline of Tra- Allen

The Economics of Defense Contracting: Incentives and Performance.&quot;

The Effect of Bank Capital Requirements on Bank Off-Balance Sheet Financial Innovations.&quot;

The Effect of Bank Holding Company Ownership on Bank Capital: Are Bank Holding Companies Sources of Strength?&quot; Unpublished paper. Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.

The Effects of Bank Megamergers on Efficiency and Prices: Evidence from the Profit Function.&quot;

The Effects of Regulation on Bank Participation in the Guarantee Market.&quot;

The Efficiency of Financial Institutions: A Review and Preview of Research Past, Present, and Future.&quot;

The Evolution of the North American Banking System.&quot; Paper prepared for the Experts' Meeting on Structural Changes in Financial Markets: Trends and Practices, Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development,

The Evolution of Universal Banking and Its Regulation in Twentieth Century America.&quot; In Universal Banking: Financial System Design Reconsidered, edited by Anthony Saunders and Ingo Walter. Burr Ridge, Ill.: Irwin Publishing (forthcoming).

The Financial Accelerator and the Flight to Quality.&quot;

The Implementation of Prompt Corrective Action: An Assessment.&quot;

The Importance of Market Information in Predicting Bank Performance.&quot; Unpublished paper.

The Limitations of Market Value Accounting and a More Realistic Alternative.&quot;

The Modern Industrial Revolution, Exit, and the Failure of Internal Control Systems.&quot;

The Price-Concentration Relationship in Banking.&quot;

The Relationship Between Capital and Earnings in Banking.&quot;

The Role of Capital in Financial Institutions.&quot;

The U.S. Financial Structure in the Years Ahead: Domestic and International Issues.

U.S. Branches and Agencies of Foreign Banks: A New Look.&quot;

U.S. Commercial Banking: Trends, Cycles, and Policy.&quot;

Universal Banking and the Future of Small Business Lending.&quot; In Universal Banking: Financial System Design Reconsidered, edited by Anthony Saunders and Ingo Walter. Burr Ridge, Ill.: Irwin Publishing (forthcoming).

Was This Recession Different? Are They All Different?&quot;

Why Commercial Banks Sell Loans: An Empirical Analysis.&quot;

The Transformation of the U.S. Banking Industry: What a Long, Strange Trips It's Been

http://www.brookings.edu/~/media/Files/Programs/ES/BPEA/1995_2_bpea_papers/1995b_bpea_berger_kashyap_scalise_gertler_friedman.pdf

The Transformation of the U.S. Banking Industry: What a Long, Strange Trips It's Been

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