Hoptman argues that Manders’ sculpture is built on the same principle as linguistic meaning, and she avers that he deploys elements of architecture to construct a narrative framework and concretise abstract thought. In Marije’s interviews with the artist, they discuss specific works and his working process. Since he finds the world more complex than language, Manders claims to write his self-portrait with objects. Bio-bibliography 2 p. 4 bibl. ref