Ackom, Emmanuel

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Downloaded from orbit.dtu.dk on: Nov 09, 2017Expanding Energy Access by Scaling Up Energy Efficiency in Sub-Saharan AfricaAckom, EmmanuelPublication date:2015Document VersionPublisher's PDF, also known as Version of recordLink back to DTU OrbitCitation (APA):Ackom, E. (2015). Expanding Energy Access by Scaling Up Energy Efficiency in Sub-Saharan Africa UNEPDTU Partnership. [Sound/Visual production (digital)]. IEA Energy Efficiency COP21 , Paris, France, 30/11/201517-04-2016  Expanding Energy Access by Scaling Up Energy Efficiency in Sub-Saharan Africa  Emmanuel Kofi Ackom, PhD  Senior Scientist & GNESD Manager UNEP DTU Partnership      IEA Energy Efficiency COP21 Side Event (Energy Efficient Prosperity) United Nations (UN) Climate Change Conference, Paris, France, 1st December 2015             Outline –  Establishing the link between Energy   Access & Prosperity  –  Current situation of Energy Access in  SSA & Outlook  –  Energy Efficiency in SSA: Activities &  outcomes  • Country case study  –  Required Investments: Energy Access  & Energy Efficiency  –  Concluding Recommendations   UN City, Copenhagen           Relationship between Energy Access & Prosperity Electricity Access Database, IEA WEO, 2013; McKinsey, 2015           Energy Resource Potential in SSA  100 200 300 400 500 600 2000 2020 2040 West TWh 30 60 90 120 150 2000 2020 2040 Central TWh 50 100 150 200 250 300 2000 2020 2040 East TWh Coal Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Solar PV Other renewables  200  400  600  800 1 000 2000 2020 2040 Southern TWh Source: IEA WEO 2014           Reversing the current '66% situation' of Energy Access & Investments in SSA Average annual investment in  SSA energy supply Fuels Electricity For export For SSA use: 20 40 60 80 100 120 2000-2013 2014-2040 $Billion       (2013) ⅓ ⅔ ⅓ ⅔ IEA WEO 2014 World Bank 2011 • 66% of SSA population have no access to electricity  • 66% of energy investment in SSA is for export rather than internal utilization            High Electricity Tariff – barrier & (opportunity?) • Obsolete and/or inefficient power generation facilities (GNESD 2009) • High Transmission & Distribution (T&D) losses are among key factors for the high tariffs in SSA.     • A barrier to increased Energy Access.  • Opportunity to educate & promote energy efficient behaviour/attitude Losses transferred to  consumers ECREEE, 2014 Current Tariff:  • $130 – 140 /MWh Year 2030:  • $70 /MWh Year 2040:  • $60 /MWh IEA 2014, McKinsey, 2015 0 20 40 60TogoSenegalNigeriaGuinea-BissauGuineaGhanaThe GambiaCote d'IvoireCabo VerdeBeninECOWAStarget (2020)Losses as share of total generation in W. Africa %           Jobs & Economic Benefits form Energy Access  • Estimated ~ 2.5 million jobs (direct) by 2040 for achieving 70% Energy Access in SSA (McKinsey, 2015) – 1.9 million construction of power plants (temporal but skills can be transferred to other construction or related industries afterwards)  – 300,000 – 450, 0000 day-to-day operation and maintenance of the generation, transmission & distribution management  – Increased jobs in the supply industries i.e. cement industry  • Indirect: value chain e.g. pipelines, rails etc)  • Additionally, every $1 invested in Energy Access yields  >$15 in incremental GDP (IEA WEO, 2014)    The Akosombo Dam Source: www.travel-to-discover-ghana.com Copenhagen Centre on Energy Efficiency (C2E2)   • Provide technical support to Uganda, Zambia and Tanzania with Cape Town University as regional experts  • Support African Development Bank work on SE4ALL Action Agendas and IPs  • 2015 report on energy efficiency opportunities in Africa     http://www.energyefficiencycentre.org/Publications Activities in SSA - Energy Efficiency hub for SE4All - Global Energy Efficiency Accelerator Platform for SE4All           EE Activities in SSA (excerpts from C2E2, 2015 study) National EE Strategy S&L Mass Rollouts of Technology Legisl-ation Subsidized Energy Audits  Financing & soft loan schemes Awareness & Promotion Botswana √ √ Cameroon √ Chad √ Ethiopia √ Ghana √ √ √ √ Kenya √ √ √ Lesotho √ Malawi √ √ Mauritius √ √ √ √ Nigeria √ Rwanda √ Sierra Leone √ South Africa √ √ √ √ √ Sudan √ Zambia √ √ √ √ Zimbabwe √           Country Example:  Energy & cost savings, Ghana Source: CLASP 2015; Agyarko, 2014 Estimated cost savings/year for Ghana  • Room air conditioners – 30 mill. USD   • Refrigerators – 72 mill. USD  •  CFLs – 39.5 mill. USD  • Additionally, 100 Jobs (2 CFL factories)   Ghana's room air conditioners  775 mill. USD by 2020 (est.) • Strong political will & target setting was a key driver           Investment (US $ cummulative)  Global SSA Now Year 2040 Year 2040 Energy Supply & Access 1.6 trillion 24 trillion 835 -  958 billion  (for >70% energy access) Energy Efficiency 130 – 310 billion 5-8 trillion 25 – 29 billion McKinsey 2015; IEA WEO 2014; IEA Energy Efficiency Market Report 2014;  • $40 billion in Energy Access capital savings from regionalization      & power pooling (McKinsey, 2015)           Concluding Recommendations • Strong political will and target setting will drive Energy Access & Energy Efficiency goals    • Increased access to finance (domestic, private, international)   • Reversing the 66% situation   • Increased regional integration and power pooling  • Identification and mitigation of losses  • Productive uses and enterprise development from energy access, to create wealth and reduce poverty  • Energy efficiency should be considered as important energy RESOURCE and not an 'add-on'  • Energy efficiency has potential to enhance energy access (i.e. reliability, expansion), save money and create jobs           Thank you Global Network on Energy for Sustainable Development (GNESD) Emmanuel Kofi Ackom Email: emac@dtu.dk;  emmackom@gmail.com   'It always seems impossible until it’s done'  – Nelson Mandela 

Expanding Energy Access by Scaling Up Energy Efficiency in Sub-Saharan Africa

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Expanding Energy Access by Scaling Up Energy Efficiency in Sub-Saharan Africa

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