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Isachsen, Y. W.

English

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in -the interest of early and wide dis- E 7. - 1 0.3 3 a
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Program information and without liabilitySfor any use made thereof."
TYPE I PROGRESS REPORT FOR ERTS-I INV/STIGATION
FOR THE PERIOD ENDING FEBRUARY 28, 1974
Submitted by Y,W. Isachsen, Principal Investigator,
New York State Geological Survey, Museum and Science Service
A. Objectives: To evaluate ERTS-I data for usefulness as a geological sensor
in the diverse-geological terranes of New York State,
B. GSFC ID S348, NAS5-21764
C, Problems: The most severe problem is the limitation placed on field work
in southeastern New York State due to the compulsory odd-even day rationing
system which applies not only to private vehicles but to State cars as well.
D. Accomplishments:
1. To date more than 5000 film products covering 371 frames over 34 image
areas have been received, and most have been cataloged and categorized
in terms of geological usefulness.
2. A Stage II analysis was completed for some 1500 ERTS-I linears in south-
eastern New York State. The area covered inclides the eastern part of
the Allegheny Plateau, the Hudson Valley, and the Taconics. The data
must now be treated statistically. Stage III analysis is continuing in
the Catskills but with curtailment due to gasoline odd-even day rationihg
system.
3, Contact negatives have been made from all U-2 color infrared film positives
in order to provide paper prints for linear analysis and annotation. The
same applies for the NP3A coverage,
4, A 1:1,000,000 ERTS-enhanced fracture map of the Adirondack region is
about 70 percent complete,
5.. A map of igneous and metaigneous rocks (including dikes) is about 80
percent complete for the entire State, It will be compared with the
ERTS-enhanced fracture map referred to above, in order to analyze the
distribution of intrusives in terms of fracture systems,
6. Principal Investigator attended a week-long Wintek course in image pro-
cessing at Lafayette, Indiana, November 12-16, 1973,
E. Planned:
I, Updating of the 1:1,000,000 ERTS-I anomaly map using new fall and winter
imagery.
2, Completion of 1:250,000 ERTS-1 anomaly map of the State when imagery on
order from EROS arrives,
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3, Systematic analysis of U-. 2 and NP3A aerial photography for linear data
now that black and white work prints have been made.
4, Low-level acrial reconnaissance and photography of selected ERTS-I
anomalies, as well as field reconnaissance to study fracture systems
in the southeastern part of the State,
5. Completion of igneous rock map and an ERTS-enhanced fracture map of the
State at 1:500,000,
6. Preparation of a seismic epicenter map of New York (using only selected,
relatively well-located seismic events) in order to compare epicenters
with the ERTS-enhanced fracture map of the State,
F. Publications and Lectures:
i. Submitted a'paper entitled "Evaluation of ERTS-I imagery for spectral
geological mapping in.diverse terranes of New York State", for inclusion
in a forthcoming NASA/GSFC Symposium Volume on Significant Results from
ERTS-I, (with R.H. Fakundiny and S.W. Forster) in press.
2. Presented the above paper at NASA/GSFC Symposium in Washington, D.C.,
December 1973.
3. "Utilization of ERTS-I imagery in a tectonic synthesis of New York State".
Abstract with Programs, Northeast Section, Geological Society of America,
page 40, 1974. (copy attached)
4. Presented seminar for the Cornell University Engineering Department on
"Spectral geological content of ERTS-I imagery over New York State" as
part of a course in remote sensing.
5. "Photogeologic features of ERTS-I linears in southeastern New York: a
preliminary phase of regional tectonic analysis" by R.H. Fakundiny
(co-investigator). Abstract with Programs, Northeast Section, Geological
Society of America; p. 24-25, 1974.
G. Recommendations: None at present.
H. Standing Order: No change.
I. ERTS Image Descriptor Forms: Two pages attached.
J. Data Request Form: Special data requests since the last Type I report were
made 26Nov73, llFeb74 and 14Feb7iand many have been filled to date,
K. Content of Report: Falls under retrieval category 3K.
24 ABSTRACTS WITH PROG(RAMS FOR 1974
upward to sandstone, conglomeratic sandstone or (rarely) conglomerate.
Directly above the coarse grained beds, grain size abruptly decreasPe
to claystone or siltstone marking the base of an overlying cycle.
The cycles range in thickness from six to 250 feet and persist
laterally for as far as 50 miles. This lateral persistence of the
cycles enables mappiug and correlation across south-central e!enasyl-
vania and the establishment of a revised stracigraphic frame';ork
defined by the more prominent cycles.
Willard's (1935) expansion and subdivisican of the Marcellus is
largely abandoned - the Marcellus is now restricted to the black
shales directly above the Onondaga Formation. The Ylahantango
Fo-mation is ex-en(ed to include, from the base, the Turkey Ridge,
Dalmatia (new name), Fisher Ridge (new name), Montebello and Sherman
Creek Members as mappable units. The Tully is included within the
Mahantango because of its lithic similarity to the Sherman Creek
Member in this area.
GEOLOGY AND POVER PLANT SITING IN NEW YORK: A NEW APPROACH
Fakundiny, Robert H., Geological Suivey, New York State Museum ard
Science Service, Albeny, New York 12224
The New York State Public Service Law, Article VIII, 16 NYCRR, Chapter
1, requires limited but carefully undertaken geological studies ofsit
proposed for fossil-fuel and nuclear plants having a generatingcapec:
of 50,000 kw or more. The Rules and Regulations require geologicsl ap-
praisal in three of its section,,: geology and seismology; solid, liqu
and gaseous wastes; and water quality and quantity, Each section calls
for an evaluation of the environmental compatibility of the plant :it:
its surroundings. Utilities must prove both public need for more elec-
tricity and the environmental compatibility of the plant at several
alternate sites. The State decides :hether the ned exists and hich
site is most compatible. Before the utility submits an application i
reviews with the State Geological Survey (Museum & Science Service) a
open file data, discusses study programs and identifies anumalous ge:1.
logical conditions near the sites. After application, butL aforepoub :
hearing, the Survey reviews the report for the State to detercine c:..-
pleteness, accuracy and pertinence of these studies.
These requirements demand high quality work from cocsultants, bu-
eliminate unnecessary or esoteric studies while keeping co.ts at a ii-
imum. In its duties the State Geological Survey retains its t~riitional,
unique and important role in the dual assignment of being advisor to
both the public (in this instance through Stat- reselatory agencies)
and the business comunity (utilities), because it has no vesfced int -
est in the results of the proceedings other than to insure that qu-a-:"
information is used to make th se critical environmental decisi!os.
PHOTOGEOLOGIC FEATURES OF ERTS-1 LINEA-RS IN SOUTEASTERN NEW YORK:
A PRELIMINARY PHASE OF REGIONAL T'ECYONIC A'ALYSIS
TFakundiny, Robert H., Geoiogical Survey, New York State M ueuemn
Science Service, Albany, New sork 12224
Multi-scale, photogeologic interprezation of southastern New York
(satellite image 1079 15124 of .0 Get 72) defines 1300 straight a:nd
NORTHEASTERN SECTION, BALTIMORE, MARYLAND 
25
slightly curved, tonally expressed lines. The image 
scene spans several
physiographic, geologic and tectonic provinces, thus 
providing a synop-
tic picture useful for iegicnal tectonic analysis. 
Of the 11 majorlinear
sets in the scene, some cross geologic provinces. Within a given geol-
ogic province each set has diagnostic tonal or topographic 
expression,
length, straightness, areal density, spicing 
and cross-cutting relation-
ships. In the Catskills eight of the linear sets correspond 
to existing
joint set data. Field confirmation is being sought for the other three.
One of the eight, a N20E linear set, is parallel to a mapped faultalong
the straight portion of the Catskill Front (Wall of Manitou).Comparison
of this image at several scales from 1:2,500,000 to 1:250,000 
shows how
linear characteristics vary with scale. Straight, continuous 
linears on
small-scale images appear, upon magnification to 
larger scales, to be
discontinuous sets clustered in zones. These discontinuous 
sets may be
either aligned or en echelon.
A 1:500,000 mosaic of ERTS-I images covering the southern 
half of
New York and large portions of adjacent states shows lirears having
characteristics similar to those in the Catskills. If ground 
identifi-
cation confirms the geologic significance of ERTS-1 linears 
in this
broader area, the imagery may provide a regional base for analysis 
of
subcontinental tectonic problems.
ORIGIN OF CORONAS IN SOUTHEAST ADIRONDACK,N.Y., IETAGABBROS
Farrar, Stewart S., Department of Earth and Environmental
Sciences, Queens College, City University of New York,
Flushing, New York 11367
Undersaturated metagabbros in The Glen Quadrangle, southeastern
Adirondacks, N.Y., have well developed coronas 
which conmonly consist
of a core of fine grained clinopyroxene and orthopyroxene 
surrounded
by radially oriented orthopyroxene, in turn 
surrounded by a moat of
plagioclase-clinopyroxene. This is surrounded by a rim of garnet in
contact with laths of igneous plagioclase densely clouded 
with minute
spinel grains.
Whitney and McLelland (1973) have described Adirondack 
coronas of
two basic types. Type I, found in the Southern Adirondacks, 
is "cored
by olivine which is enclosed in a shell of orthopyroxene 
that is
partially, or completely, rimmed by symplectites consisting 
of
clinopyroxene and spinel." In type II, found in the 
Adirondack
Highlands, "coronas between olivine and plagioclase commonly 
have an
outer shell of garnet replacing the clinopyroxene/spinel shell."
They suggest different metamorphic histories for types 
I and II,
based partially on the close association of the Highland 
type with the
major Adirondack anorthosite massif.
The Glen coronas correspond precisely to one variation of the
Highland type, in which the olivine has completely 
reacted. Since
The Glen Quadrangle lies almost equidistant between the Southern 
and
Highland areas, it is suggested instead that the change in 
metamorphic
conditions (gradational or abrupt?) lies between The Glen and 
the
Southern Adirondacks.
40 ABSTRACTS WITH PROG-R nS FOR 9 q74
UTTILIZATON OF ER.TS- I 1MAGERY IN A TECTOCIIC SYiNTHESIS OF NEW YORK
STATE
isachsen, tng:ar W., New York State Museum and Science Service,
Geological Survey, Albany, New York 12224
ERTS-I ir-ge:-y is beii.g used in a regional tectonic synthesis of New
York State, Incoming imngery is analyzed as follows: Stage I - photo-
geclogic identification of all linears in the imagery; Stage II - class-
ification of each linear into one of eleven categories using 1:62,500
airfoto index sheets, U-2 aerial photography and ~Xitis g ps, fol'u::d
by elimination of "cultural" and lithological linears and previously
snown faults and topographic lineaments; Scage ill - field checking of
the Stage II ERTS linears using low level aircraft and conventional
ground methods.
Preliminary analysis of linears at 1:1,000,000 shows that: l.major
linear trends in the Adirondack basement are also expressed in Paleozoic
cover rocks elsewhere in the State and; 2, prominent ERTS linears occur
parallel to the trends of the two highly magnetic belts in southeastern
New York noted by Harwocd and Zeitz (1973). These relationships suggest
basement control of major linears in the cover rocks and fault bounda-
ries for the basement magnetic belts.
The azimuth maxima of Stage II linears in the Adirondacks corres-
pond well with those for mapped faults and topographic lineements des-
pite differences in relative natnitudes of maxima, which are explainable
in terms of solar illuminat.on direction.
Although linears dominate te new ERTS-I geological information
(total lengths exceed 6,000 km and individual lengths range from 1.5 km
to 200 km) a number of circular features have been found. The most nota-ble is an ell.iptical "spoked wheel" a.ioemaly which centers on Cranberry
Lake. Neither shatter cones nor negabreccias have been fcund to date.
HI TH ANGLE REIERSE FAULTI' G rN THE COASTAL PLAIN OF PPINCE GEORGES
COLNTY, MARYLAND
Jacobeen, Frank Ii., Jr., Washington Gas Light Compaity, 6801
Industrial Road, Springfield, Virginia 22151 and University
of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208
An int-agcated surface mapping, drilling and seisoklraph study
in the Atlantic Coastal Plain in Prince Caurges County, Maryland,
hes disclosed that a shallo near-surface structure is controlled
by post-Eocene faulting. This faulting appears to be high angle
reverse, up rn the east, and has a throw of over 250 feet.
Surface reverse faults have been reported in and near the
Coastal Plain in Marylane for many years. Areas both north and
south of Maryland have rpccrded repeated earthquakes of minor to
irodecce intensity. Lineation- of regional extent are notable on
to ?ographC c uaps and axa eo;re so on satellite photography. All
of these tugnst that .ctive aul ting is occurring in the Coastal
Plain od3y. Furcher, .he occur~rance of reverse faulting ildicates
thei przs:-:nc of co2p: ive fo-rces affercing sediments of this cras.
Structual and stracigrapiiic anomalies which occur in the
Coastal Plain should be viewed as possibly related to cauccs
heretofore u-trecog~2c zed in post Tr'assic rocks in the Eastern
Uiteod States -- compression end reverse faulting.
-4-
ERTS IMAGE DESCRIPTOR FORM
(Sea Instructions on Back)
Fae 1 of 2. NDPF USE ONLY
DATE __7 Fe 74
N
PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR Y. . Isachsen D
GSFC ST348
ORGANIZATION N.Y. State Geological Survey
PRODUCT ID FREQUENTLY USED DESCRIPTORS*
(INCLUDE BAND AND PRODUCT) Lmnt. l DESCRIPTORS
All are bulk transp.
1350-15172-5 /
1350-15174-5 /
1350-15181-5 / Barrier Bar, Flnger
Lake.
1350-15183-5 / / / Fnpner Lake.
1i50-15190-5 ,/ / J
1365-1500-.5 Coast, Wave.
1365-15011-5 Barrier Bar, Coast.
1365-15013-5 Earrier Bar, Coast,
'a v e.
1370-15290- / Barrier Bar.
1370-15295-5 /
1371-15344-5 
1371-15350-5 Excessive Cloud, Cover
13 -151 P3-5 E / / stuary.
13 7-15232-5. Excesslve Cloud Cover.
1389-15342-5 / /
1400-14552-5 Atlantic Ocean, Coast.
1404-11 1-5 / J
1406-152 2-5 V Barrier Ear.
1407-1541-5 / /
1407-15343-5 / Barrier Ear.
14C?-15350-5 /
120-15062-5 J arrier Bar, Coast.
1421-15103-5 /
1421-15105-5 /
1421-15112-5 /
1421-15114-5 V/  Co st.
1423-1 224-5 / Fjnc-er Lake.
1423-15231-5 / /  /  Finger Lake.
1438-15053-5 / Barrier Bar, Coast.
1438-15060-5 /J arrier Ear, Coast.
*FOR DESCRIPTORS WHICH WILL OCCUR FREQUENTLY, WRITE THE DESCRIPTOR TERMS IN THESE
COLUMN HEADING SPACES NOW AND USE A CHECK (-/) MARK IN THE APPROPRIATE PRODUCT
ID LINES. (FOR OTHER DESCRIPTORS, WRITE THE TERM UNDER THE DESCRIPTORS COLUMN).
MAIL TO ERTS USER SERVICES
CODE 563
BLDG 23 ROOM E413
NASA GSFC
GREENBELT, MD. 20771
301-982-5406
GSFC 37-2 (7/72)
ERTS IMAGE DESCRIPTOR FORM
(See Irstruction3 on Back)
27 eb 74 Pae 2 of 2. iNDPF USE ONLY
DATE o _
Y.. isechsen N __ _
PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR ID
ST3'48
GSFC __
N.Y. State Geolo.£ical Survey
ORGANIZATION
PRODUCT ID FREQUENTLY USED DESCRIPTORS*
(INCLUDE BAND AND PRODUCT) I -1oe Linmnt. Fd DESCRIPTORS
1Q4k01515-5 5 i /1410-1 1-1-5 / / /
1.'40-- 1170-5 J / / Antlc'ine, F!nger
S1440-1 72-5 J / ./ Anticline, Synci!ne.
14' 1 1 521.2-5 V/ V
!4t2-15273-5 / / ,/ E~rrier Bar.
144.?3-1 331-5 v/  /  /
1443-15334-- / arrier Ear.
14 5-1592-55 / Parrier Ear, Coast.
1456-15043-5 / /
1456-15050-5 / / / Barriep Bar, Coast.
1456-15052-5 / / Barrier Bar, Coast.
1457-15104-5 V v / Coast.
1L.57-15111- 5  v/ Barrier Ear, Earrier
Island, Coast.
1458-15153-5 / / ,
1458-15160-5 / /  Barrier Ear, Finzer
Lake.
1458-15162-5 - I / / Anticline, Finger
Lake.
1459- 5205-5 V / '
1459-15212-5 V1 vJ
1459-15214-5 / Earrier Bar, Flnrer
Lake.
1459-15 221-5 / / v Anticl Ine, Fin~rer
Lake, Syncline.
1459-15223-5 J / / Anticline, Syncline
1475-1i:10-5 / J a.r3er Bar, Barrier
Island, Coast.
1495-15220-5 / v / Anticline, Syncline.
1495-15 22-5 J V / Anticlrlne, Syncline.
*FOR DESCRIPTORS WHICH WILL OCCUR FREQUENTLY, WRITE THE DESCRIPTOR TERMS IN THESE
COLUMN HEADiNG SPACES NOW AND USE A CHECK (i/) MARK IN THE APPROPRIATE PRODUCT
ID LINES. (FOR OTHER DESCRIPTORS, WRITE THE TERM UNDER THE DESCRIPTORS COLUMN).
MAIL TO ERTS USER SERVICES
CODE 563
BLDG 23 ROOM E413
NASA GSFC
GREENBELT, MD. 20771
301-982-5406
GSFC 37-2 (7/72)


To evaluate ERTS-1 data for usefulness as a geological sensor in the diverse geological terranes of New York State

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