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Deely, D. J.

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Produced by the NASA Center for Aerospace Information (CASI) 
https://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=19760013495 2020-03-22T15:24:42+00:00Z
ATYPE II PROGRESS REPORT
FOR PERIOD DECEMBER 19, 1975 - MARCH 19, 1976
Prepared for:
GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CENTER 
GREENBELT, MARYLAND 20771 ^^^^	 rOjJ
NasP	 n;
(E76-10233) APPLICATION OF LANDSAT-2 DATA	 N76-20583
To THE IMPLEMENTATICN AND ENFORCEMENT OF THE	 We :1 ;.SO
PENNSYLVANIA SURFACE MINING CONSERVATION AND 	
UAC1as
RECLAMATION ACT ►`_ogress Report, 19 Lec.
1975 - 19 mar. 1916 (Earth Satellite Corp.) G3/43 00233
TECHNICAL REPORT STANDARD TITLE PAGE
I. Report No. 2. Government Accession He. 3. Recipient's Catalog He.
21570—II-4
A. Title rind Sm6lifle
APPLICATION OF LANDSAT-2 DATA TO THE IMPLE—
5. Ifirpoft but,
MARCH 19, 1976
MENTATION AND ENFORCEMENT OF THE PENNSYLVANIA 6. Performing Organization Code
(SURFACE MINING CONSERVATION & RECLAMATION ACT
T. Authors) 8. Performing Organization Report No.
DANIEL J. DEELY	
—4;_9. Performing	 igMaotion	 ome and Address 10. Work Unit Ha.
EARTH SATELLITE CORPORATION
11. contract or Grant He.7222 — 47th STREET
WASHINGTON, D.C.	 20015 NAS5-21998
13. Type of Report and Period Covered
TYPE II DECEMBER 19,12. Sponsoring Agency Home and Address
GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CENTER 1975'— MARCH 19, 1976
GREENBELT, MARYLAND	 20771 4. Sponsoring Agency Code
TECH. MONITOR:	 HAROLD OSEROFF CODE 902 GSFC
15. Supplementary Notes
NA
16. Abstroct
AN UNSUPERVISED DIGITAL CLASSIFICATION OF THE CENTRAL PORTION OF THE
SOUTH CLARION DETAILED STUDY AREA RESULTED IN DIFFERENTIATION OF FOUR
BARREN TO PARTIALLY REVEGETATED STRIP MINE CLASSES.	 GRAY VALUE RANGES
FOR DIGITAL DENSITY SLICING WERE SELECTED FOR LATER USE IN DEVELOPMENT
OF A MULTI—COUNTY SURFACE MINING DISTURBANCE INVENTORY.
17.Ke	 Words	 S. t ected by Author s)• 
UNSUPERVISED DIGNA"t CLASSIFICA-
18. Distribution Statement
TION
• SURFACE MINING DISTURBANCE IN-
VENTORY
19. Security Clossif. (of this report) 20. Security Clossff. (of this pose) 21. N o. of Pages 22. Price"
7
• For sale by the Cleariaghou=e for Federal Scientific and Technical Inform scion, Springfield, Vitgroia 22151•
9APPLICATION OF LANDSAT-2 DATA TO THE IMPLEMENTATION
AND ENFORCEMENT OF THE PENNSYLVANIA
SURFACE MINING CONSERVATION AND RECLAMATION ACT
TYPE II - Progress Report
For Period December 19, 1975 - March 19, 1976
introduction to Project Objectives
The central objectives of the Pennsylvania LANDSAT Investigation
are:
To prepare information products from analysis of LANDSAT and
aircraft imagery to rapidly and effectively implement the
regulatory provisions of Pennsylvania's Surface Mining
Conservation 'and Reclamation Act.
'	 To develop and operationally implement a monitoring system,
within one or more detailed study sites, which will include
surface mine disturbance change detection, reclamation status
monitoring and mined lands inventory updating.
•	 To provide utilitarian regulatory information products to line
agencies within the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental
Resources.
Problems
Natural color imagery over the South Clarion County detailed study
area from NASA Ames underflight mission number 75-183 was somewhat
degraded by the presence of atmospheric haze, but was judged to be of
adequate quality for interpretation of required mining-environmental
information.
Accomplishments
Fourth quarter activities: The most significant accomplishments
which were made during the fourth quarterly performance period include:
'	 Completion of an unsupervised digital classification analysis
for the central portion.of the South Clarion detailed study
area.
The unsupervised digital classification included a total of nine
categories. Those categories represented strip mines, five categories
represented forest and agricultural vegetation, and the last poorly
differentiated category included water, shaded forest slopes and very
dark exposed rock an.i bituminous coal within strip mine sites. Very
dark surface materials may be spectrally distinguished from water within
this test area only with some considerable difficulty.
Evaluation of the significance of unsupervised classification
results through detailed comparisons with natural color and
color infrared underflight imagery.
•	 Selection of gray value ranges on bands 5 and 7 for use in
digital density slicing to represent four major classes of
f=	 strip mined lands. Strip mine categories recognized include:
1. Barren spoils of medium (visible) color consisting of
1
both exposed rock fragments and soil.
2. Barren spoils of very dark (visible) color consisting
mostly of dark organic shales and coal.
3. Partially revegetated spoils of light (visible) color
consisting of mostly exposed soil and light rock
fragments.
4. Partially revegetated (more vegetation than class 3)
spoils of darker (visible) color.
Completion of production of digitally enhanced color
composite prints of two seasons of imagery over the
South Clarion detailed study area. Digital color composites
were compared with photographic color composites, and the
change detection information potential from June to October
was evaluated.
•	 Production of a digital ratio of bands 5 and 6 in Litton print
form for later use in preparation of a color composite print
for comparison with other photographic and digital data products.
The 5/6 ratio has shown some promise for eliminating difficulties
in interpretation related to the presence of light cloud cover and jet
contrails.
•	 Preliminary review of multi-stage sampling techniques reported
previously by other NASA LANDSAT investigators.
Other lesser accomplishments made during the fourth quarterly per-
formance period have included:
Purchase and receipt of northwestern Pennsylvania county
highway maps for later use in display of LANDSAT derived
data.
•	 Review and evaluation of NASA Arms underflight data mission
number 75-183 which was flown on 23 October 1975.
Planned fifth quarter activities: Investigative effort during the
next quarterly reporting period from March 19, 1976 to June 19, 1976 is
expected to be directed toward accomplishment of the following tasks:
•	 Production and delivery to the Pennsylvania Bureau of Surface
Mine Reclamation of a barren to partially revegetated surface
mined lands inventory of a multi-county area in northwestern
Pennsylvania. Disturbance inventory data derived from digital
density slicing is expected to be utilized by regulatory
personnel as an aid to achievement of full implementation of
regulatory control over all forms of surface mining within
counties presently without assigned mining inspectors as
required by specific provisions of the Surface Mining
Conservation and Reclamation Act.
•	 Completion of a digital band 5/band 6 ratio color composite
for comparison with other photographic and digitally derived
LANDSAT data products.
•	 Further evaluation of photographic multi-date change detection
mined lands information delivery potential.
'	 Further work toward development of a multi-stage sampling
design for generation of periodic digitally-derived LANDSAT
surface mining activity and reclamation status monitoring
reports. The multi-stage system is expected to include
supervised on unsupervised digital classification in the first
LANDSAT stage, with manually interpreted underflight imagery
information in the second stage.
Significant Results
None.
Publications
None.
Recommendations
None.
Funds Expended
Total fund expenditures incurred through February 29, 1976 amount
to $25,556.15.
S
Data Use
Type of Data
LANDSAT
CCT
Aircraft
Value of Data
Allowed
$3,200
3,000
8,532
Value of Data
Ordered
$1,253
1,000
3,900
Value of Data /
$1,225
1,000
3,900
Aircraft Data
Natural color and color infrared imagery from NASA Ames underflight
mission number 75-183 (flown on 23 October, 1915) was utilized for ground
truth comparison with digitally-derived unsupervised classification
results within th. central portion of the South Clarion Mining Inspection
District dttailed study area. Imagery was interpreted manually in color
positive trar,_narency form. Image quality was judged satisfactory for
derivation of the r:.-!uired mining-environmental information in spite of
some measure of degradation due to atmospheric haze on natural color
imagery.


Application of LANDSAT-2 data to the implementation and enforcement of the Pennsylvania Surface Mining Conservation and Reclamation Act

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