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Kisvarsanyi, E. B.

Kisvarsanyi, G.

English

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7 6 	 0.2 4 7.
STRUCTURAL AND GROUND PATTERN ANALYSIS OF MISSOURI AND THE
OZAR K DOME USING LANDSAT-2 SATELLITE IMAGERY
(Contract No. NAS5-20937)
Co
Geza Kisvarsanyi	 r
Department of Geology & Geophysics
University of Missouri - Rolla
Rolla, Missouri 65401
Eva B. Kisvarsanyi
Department of Natural Resources
Division of Geology and Land Survey
P.U. Box 250
Rolla, Missouri 65401
Second Quarter Progress Report for the Period July - September, 1975.
( 7- 7E - 10247)	 STFUCTURAL AND GR OUND PATTERN	 N7o -2J594
AN'LYSIS OF PISSCT)zI ANL THE CZARK DCML
USING LANDSAI-2 SAT-LIIT? IMAGzbY Quarterly
Progress Feport, Jul. - Sep. 1975 (Missouri 	 Unclas
Univ.)	 11 p NC V.5C	 --'Cl. 08F G3/43 00247
Prepared for:
Goddard Space Flight Center
Greenbvlt, Maryland 20771
c--^ vv70
0
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Ground truth analysis along several lineaments identified during
the first quarter has begun, and in several places the lineaments were
confirmed to be of structural origin. The number of features identified
in this study is so large, however, that complete ground truth analysis
will extend beyond the projected 15-month period of this investigation.
Full evaluation and interpretation of structural lineaments and circular
features will be done when more ground truth data have been gathered.
DISTRIBUTION AND STZH OF LINEAMENTS AND CIRCULAR FEATURES
The majority of lineaments are located south of the 38th parallel
North latitude; several lineaments in excess uL 100 miles in length
ORIGINAL PAGII 1B
OFPOOR QUAI
are strongly interrelated.
CORRELATION OF IMAGERY FEATURES WITH MINERAL DEPOSITS, STRIwTURAL FEATURES,
AND MAGNETIC ANON _i t ES
Comparison of the lin•,-anent map with the distribution of major mineral
deposits (Kisvars	 1, 1965) at the 1 : 500,000 scale shows a close geo-
graphical association. Mineralized areas in the southern part of the
state are found on or along lineaments, or near the intersection thereof.
3OIMINAD PAGE Z
OF POOP. OUM
A statistical evaluation of the spatial correspondence of lineaments
and mineral deposits will be made later.
A good correlation exists between lineaments and major magnetic
anomalies (Magnetic Map of Missouri, Missouri Geological Survay, 1943).
In many places, deep drilling indicates that the magnetic anomalies are
caused by mafic intrusive bodies in the Precambrian basement (Kisvarsanyi,
1974). Coincidence of a string of magnetic anomalies in northern Missouri
with the Grand River lineament, and another series of anomalies west of
St. Louis with a major norteast-trending regional lineament strongly
suggests deep-seated structural control. The distribution of Precambrian
iron ore deposits is also expressed by magnetic anomalies and shows
correlation with lineaments identified from the imagery.
Aeromagnetic maps, where available, frequently display excellent
magnetic lineaments. In central Missouri, one of these aeromagnetic
lineaments corresponds closely with the Decaturvtlle lineament described
in the First Quarter Progress Report.
Comparison of the lineament map with iie Structural Features Map of
Missouri (McCracken, 1971) indicates, that knoua and mapped structures
(faults, anticlines, sync:lirres) correlate closely or exactly with the
image-lineaments. Intersections of lineaments in several pla: s coincide
with structurally disturbed areas in the overlying sediments (Springfield
area, Weaubleau Creek structure, Crooked Creek structure). Geomorphic
features, st.h as river courses and topographic escarpments, in hundreds
of places across the state appear to be lineament -controlled.
l
ORIGINAL PA02 0
OF POOR QUAIM
GROUND TRUTH INVESTIGATIONS
Ground truth analysis of features identified from the imagery has
begun but is progressing slowly. To date, the moot significant result
is that the Deeaturviile lineament has been confirmed to be a fault
zone to the southeast of the [fed Arrow fault in Laclede county. In
southeast Missouri, additional evidence has been found along the Anna-
polis and West-Belleview-East Sabula lineaments (Kisvarsanyi and Kis-
varsanyi, in press) confirming these to be structural lineaments.
CONCLUSION
It is expected that complete analysis of the imagery covering the
entire state will result in a significant improvement in the understanding
of the regional structure of Missouri. Results so far indicate, that the
major features identified from the imagery have had significant influence
on the distribution of natural resources in the state. This program
promises to develop definite and specific criteria that will enable
investigators to classity areas and structure:, for vacating potential
new resources and explor •ition target areas. It also promises to develop
information on the structural control of intrapl.ate mineral deposits
within continental areas not related to active plate boundaries.
5l	
(ORIGINAL PAGE IS
OF POOR QUALITY
1 1ROIi LLMS
Due to the delay of the I :iunchi ng ul Hit- LANDSAT-2 sate l I i tc, LANDSAT - 2
imagery started to be reculvvd ill 	 1975. The quality of much of the
LANDSAT-2 imagery did not compare well with that of LANDSAT-1. In many
cases, the specified uaximum tolerable cloud cover of 20l. has been so
located on the images a:: to illljC1.: struLAural analysts in critical area:;.
Review and t•valuation of lnconi11g LANDSAT-2 imagery is a c oil ► inuing
process and we expect too lie able t o ut i 1 ize these images to a greater
extent through vnhl ineenww tvchnignr,..
FUNDS EXPLNDED
Through the period ApriI-November, 1975, Principal Co-Investigator
Dr. heza Kisvarsanyi, University of Mi.-iouri--Rolla (Social Security Nu.
-/ ) i, reimbursable by NASA oil 	 basis of the cost-sharing
	
11
agreement of this cuntrarr for 83 of the total 160 hour:; of work, as	 ^
i	
specified ill 111V (•unu act..
r	 Missouri Geological Survey team input luring tt.e same period amounted
I
to a total of 99 m n^-hc ur;,
5
1kI:PGttENCES
Kisvarsanyi, Eva B., 1965, Mineral Kesource9 and IndUBtr y Map of Missouri:
Missouri Geological Survvv, I sheet, Scale 1 : 5000(mU.
, 197 /s, Operation Basement: Buried Precambrian rocks of
Missouri--tlu•ir Petrography imd :;Lructnre: r)uuer. Assoc. Petroleum
Geologists Bu  l., v. 58, p • 614-684.
I
Kisvarsanyi, Geza, and I'.v., IS. Kisvarsanyi, `i?i4XXXX4 Urtho-polygonal
TecLOnLc Patterns in Lhe Exposed and hurik-d Precambrian Basement of
Southeast Missouri: Iltah Geol. Assoc., in press.
McCracken, Mary II., 1971, Structural Features Map of Missouri: Missouri
Geological Survey, I -:hc •et, Scale l : 500,000.
Missouri Geological Surve y , 1443, Magnet ic Map of Mis:iouri, 1 sheet,
scale 1 : 500,000.
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Structural and Ground Pattern Analysis of Missouri and the Ozark Dome Using LANDSAT-2 Satellite Imagery

General Disclaimer 
One or more of the Following Statements may affect this Document 
 
 This document has been reproduced from the best copy furnished by the 
organizational source. It is being released in the interest of making available as 
much information as possible. 
 
 This document may contain data, which exceeds the sheet parameters. It was 
furnished in this condition by the organizational source and is the best copy 
available. 
 
 This document may contain tone-on-tone or color graphs, charts and/or pictures, 
which have been reproduced in black and white. 
 
 This document is paginated as submitted by the original source. 
 
 Portions of this document are not fully legible due to the historical nature of some 
of the material. However, it is the best reproduction available from the original 
submission. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Produced by the NASA Center for Aerospace Information (CASI) 
https://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=19760016559 2020-03-22T15:38:25+00:00Z
r	 ^
	 e
E7.6-10-320L
.	 "Made available under NASA sponsorship
in the Interest of early and wide dis-
semination of Earth Resources Survey
Program information and without liability
for any use made thereot."
STRUCTURAL AND GROUND PATTERN ANALYSIS OF MISSOURI AND THE
OZARK DOME USING LANDSAT-2 SATELLITE IMAGERY
(Contract No. NAS5-20937)
(E76-10320) STRUCTURAL ANL GRCUND
ANALYSIS OF MISSCURI ANL THE CZARK
USING LLNLSAT-2 SATELLITE IMAGERY
Report (Missouri Univ.) 12 p HC $
PATTERN
	
N76-23647
LC ME
Prcgress
3.5C
	
Unclas
CSCL 08i G3/41 00320
Geza Kisvarsanyi _ati_
Department of Geology & Geophysics
University Of Missouri-Rolla
Rolla, Missouri 65401
Eva B. Kisvarsanyi
Missouri Department of Natural Resources
Division of Geology and Land Survey
Geological Survey
P.O. Box 250
Rolla, Missouri 65401
Third Progress Report--April 30, 1976.
CZvo70
RECEIVED
nor 0,t
Prepared for:
	
SIS/902.6
Goddard Space Flight Center
G--eenbelt, Maryland 20771
I,
1
RE PRODUCIBIL^I'I.y P li
ORIGINAL 'PAGE IS
INTRODUCTION
Visual analysis and evaluation of the imagery have b-on completed.
The preliminary, composite lineament- and circular-features-map of
Missouri, submitted with the Second Progress Report, has been finalized
through imagery analysis and incorporation of known geologic data
obtained from field investigations and subsurface information. Four
lineament maps have been prepared by separating NE-, NW-, and N-S (E-W)
lineaments (Figs. 1 through 3), and showing all lineaments together
(Fig. 4). This approach facilitates analysis of individual lineaments
and their relationship to each other. A fifth map, not included with
this report, shows circular features only.
The final maps have been drafted on a 1 : 1,000,000 scale base map
of Missouri. Copies of these maps are being distributed among geologists
of the Geological Survey, Missouri Department of Natural Resources, so
that they may be able to cross-check and correlate imagery features with
geologic features in their specific mapping areas.
Selection of imagery features which need detailed ground-truth analysis
is in progress. Ground-truth investigations will be carried out by other
members of the research team during the coming months. These investigations
are necessary for a better evaluation of the imagery features and of their
role in controlling rock-type distribution, karst features, geologic structures,
and mineral and water resources in the State.
Figs. 1 through 4 have been used in an invited talk entitled "Mineral-
Resource Potential of Precambrian Basement Rocks in Missouri" by Geza and
Eva B. Kisvarsanyi, which was presented on April 23, 1976, at the Symposium
2on Mining and Utilization of Missouri's Non-Renewable Resources (Missouri
Academy of Science Annual Sessions in Rolla, Missouri). We have emphasized
the importance of satellite imagery and remote-sensing technology in
mineral exploration. Abstracts of this talk are attached; the full paper
will be printed later this year ire the Transactions of the Missouri Academy
of Science.
NE-TRENDING LINEAMENTS
Sixteen NE-trending major structural lineaments have been identified
from the imagery (Fig. 1). They are located mostly to the south of the
Missouri River. The reason for this is believed to be two-fold: 1) in the
northern part of the State glacial drift cover effectively obscures many of
the basement and Paleozoic structures, and 2) the Precambrian basement dips
below 1,500 ft depth and reaches 3,500 ft depths below the surface in the
extreme northwestern part of the State. The thick sedimentary cover pre-
vented the appearance of structurally controlled lineaments on the imagery.
Most of the lineaments cross the entire State and extend into adjoining
states with lengths in excess of 200 miles. They have been followed on the
imagery into Arkansas, Kansas, and Oklahoma.
The lineaments are sub-parallel to each other or intersect each other
at acute angles. Lineaments in the extreme sot , theastern part of the State
may have a role in the New Madrid area seismicity. 'Many of the NE-trending
lineaments cross the exposed and shallow Precambrian basement area centered
around the St. Francois Mountains, and exerted a significant control over
igneous activity and mineralization in the Precambrian rocks.
i
1
3
OF THE
OR1GTN7 A ! _,	I'S' POOR
In the central part of the southern half of the State mega-lineaments
cross the entire width of the State from the Missouri-Kansas-Oklahoma
border to the St. Louis area. These lineaments cross the formerly very
productive Tri-State mining district, and in part follow the course of
the Missouri River.
In the southwestern part df the State three smaller lineaments intersect
the major lineaments at an acute angle. They could not be traced toward the
central and northern half of the State. There are indications that smaller
lineaments are parallel with these. It will be important that these inter-
secting lineaments be investigated in the ground-truth studies. Their
significance is especially enhanced by the fact that they cross a formerly
active mining area and possibly influence water quality in this region.
NW-TRENDING LINEAMENTS
Thirteen major NW-trending lineaments have been identified in the
State (Fig. 2). They are also concentrated in the southern half of the
State, how(,,,-,r, 5 mega-lineaments have been traced into northern Missouri
across the Missouri River. Four of these extend to the northern border of
the State.
The. NW-trending lineaments are parallel_ to sub-parallel to each other;
two of them intersect other lineaments at acute angles. The largest lineaments
are regional in extent and are probably more than 300 miles long. The dis-
tribution and frequency of the lineaments are remarkable. The highest density
of NW-trending lineaments is observed in southeast Missouri where the Precambrian
basement rocks are exposed or are relatively close to the surface. The
lineaments control significant geologic features in the State, and in part
follow or control the course of the Missouri. River. One of the mega-lineaments
intersects the New Madrid earthquake zone and extends as much as 200
miles to the northwest.
N-S-(E-W)-TRENDING LINEAMENTS
Six major NNE-N--SSW-S-trending lineaments have been identified on the
imagery. They are relatively infrequent in comparison to the diagonal
lineaments and are mostly in the southern half of the State. The eastern-
most N-S-trending lineament (Fig. 3) cuts across the St. Francois Mountains
(Roselle lineament). The lineament sub-parallel to it on the west cuts
across the New Lead Belt or Viburnum Trend mining district. Other N-S
lineaments are located to the west and in the northern part of the State.
Three major and several smaller E-W-trending lineaments have been
d identified on the imagery. In the east-central part of the State two of
these cut across the St. Louis Metropolitan area. Structurally the most
significant lineament among the E-W-trending ones is the 38th parallel
fracture zone.
DISTRIBUTION AND SIZE OF LINEAMENTS
As it was previously reported, the organization and pattern of lineaments
identified from LANDSAT imagery of Missouri is remarkably regular and
repetitive. The consistency and regularity of lineaments can be especially
well seen on the maps shown in Nibs. 1 through 3. On the composite lineament
map (Fig. 4) all the major lineaments are plotted. Study of these lineaments
has contributed significantly to a better understanding of the regional
structure of the State.
j
4
State is significant. We reported earlier that some relationship
between imagery features, magnetic anomalies, and mineral deposits exists.
Fig. S. illustrates the distribution of major magnetic anomalies in Missouri.
When compared with Fig. 2., it can be seen that the string of magnetic
highs extending northwestward from central Missouri corresponds closely
with one of the NW-trending mega-lineaments.
Our study not only confirms the relationship between lineaments and
structural features, but will be indispensable in future studies of hydro-
geologic conditions, cave development, underground cavities and cavity
systems, and the search for potential mineral resources. The study of
seismic activity in the State will also benefit from knowledge of the
distribution of structural lineaments. Heat flux of the .rust and the
overall behavior of the crust may be better understood in the light of
lineament studies. It is significant, that some of the major structural
lineaments of Missouri cross geotectonic boundaries without interruption;
others are terminated at geotectonic boundaries.
hg ./. 
NORTHEAST TRENDING LINEAMENTS 
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MINERAL-RESOURCE PU1'ENTIAL OF PREt:AMUR1AN BASk:kU:NT
ROCKS IN MISSOURI. G. Kisvarsaayi kc..•ol. 6 Geophys.,
Univ. Mo., Rolla) and E. B. Kisvarsanyi (Mo. Geol.
Survey, DNR, Rolla). Missouri's Precambrian basement
rocks constitute a virtually untapped source of mineral
wealth. The 1.5-b.y.-old St. l:runcois igneous terrane
underlies approximately two-thirds of the State ane. has
been the major source of iron production in Mi:isouri
for more than 150 years. Smaller economic concentrations
of Mn, Cu, W, Ag, and Pb occur in the acidic rocks; high
U and Th content has been found in certain granites. In-
termediate and basic rocks are potential resources of Ti,
Pt, Cr, Cu, Ni, Co, Pb, and Zn. Associated with these
mineralizations are P. As, S, F, Ba, and rare CArths.
The mineral deposits are expected to be of high-tempera-
ture, magmatic, pegmatitic, hypothermal, contact rimta-
morphic, and volcanic exhalative types. 11w potential
for meso-epithermal veins of precious and h.a.t nutals is
small. Certain rocks are potential resources of indus-
trial minerals (feldspar, fertilizers, cnnstriwLion stone).
Another, possibly 1.7-b.y.-old, lit • trographieally varied
basement terranta is known only from liwited Jrillhole data
and is not a mineriA producer. its wow ral potential is
yet to be explored but cannot be dismissed.
A third and much smaller province . of Paleozoic rock; is
postulated to be present in the l'rcc.imbrian b.a •ument wherL.
kin►berlite-alnSitc-carbonatite dike:: and br.•cr is pipes
intersect the St. Francois tcrrant.. it may contain en-
richments of Nb, Ta, rare earths, and possibly diamond.
Within a 14,OU0 :,y kit area in Soot liras[ iii ssouri basement
rocks ar_ exposed or occur at depths of less than 500 r-;
elsewhere in the Statc they are covered by 500 to 1,500 to
of sediments. The mineral potential of the Prt.c:ambrian
basement can be .appraised only through development of
exploration concepts based on tht• undvrstandirn; of the
tectogenesis and petrogenesis of these Complex provinces,
and by applicatiou of combined gt ologic and gvophysic:al
methods including structural analysis by satellite imagery.
Strategic exploratory drilling in reconwit-nded to attract
private industry. The only convvr:,ion route for hypothet-
ical and speculativc resources to become reserves is
through basic research, geologic appraisal of .inalyticul
data, and exploration based on it.
f IAI: PAGH 1,2
^'t^OR QUA
L


Structural and Ground Pattern Analysis of Missouri and the Ozark Dome Using LANDSAT-2 Satellite Imagery

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