NASASP-7011 (159) AEROSPACE MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY CASE F I L E COPY A CONTINUING BIBLIOGRAPHY WITH INDEXES (Supplement 159) OCTOBER 1976 NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION https://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=19770005727 2020-03-22T12:47:37+00:00Z ACCESSION NUMBER RANGES Accession numbers cited in this Supplement fall within the following ranges: STAR (N-10000 Series) N76-26143— N76-28153 IAA (A-10000 Series) A76-35228—A76-38272 This bibliography was prepared by the NASA Scientific and Technical Information Facility operated for the National Aeronautics and Space Administration by Informatics Information Systems Company NASASP-7011 (159) AEROSPACE MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY A CONTINUING BIBLIOGRAPHY WITH INDEXES (Supplement 159) A selection of annotated references to unclas- sified reports and journal articles that were introduced into the NASA scientific and tech- nical information system and announced in September 1976 in • Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports (STAR) • International Aerospace Abstracts (IAA) Scientific and Technical Information Office OCTOBER 1976 NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION Washington, D.C. NASA SP-7011 and its supplements are available from the National Technical Information Service (NTIS). Questions on the availability of the predecessor publications, Aerospace Medicine and Biology (Volumes I - XI) should be directed to NTIS. This Supplement is available from the National Technical Information Service (NTIS), Springfield. Virginia 22161, for $4 00 For copies mailed to addresses outside the United States, add $2 50 per copy for handling and postage INTRODUCTION This Supplement to Aerospace Medicine and Biolog\ (NASA SP-7011) lists 257 reports, articles and other documents announced during September 1976 in Scientijic and Technical Aerospace Reports (STAR) or in International Aerospace Abstracts f / A A ) The first issue of the bibliography was published in July 1964, since that time, monthly supplements have been issued In its subject coverage, Aerospace Medicine and Biolog\ concentrates on the biological, physiological, psychological, and environmental effects to which man is subjected during and following simulated or actual fl ight in the earth's atmosphere or in interplanetary space References describing similar effects of biological organisms of lower order are also in- cluded Such related topics as sanitary problems, pharmacology, toxicology, safety and sur- vival, life support systems, exobiology, and personnel factors receive appropriate attention In general, emphasis is placed on applied research, but references to fundamental studies and theoretical principles related to experimental development also qualify for inclusion Each entry in the bibliography consists of a bibliographic citation accompanied in most cases by an abstract. The listing of the entries is arranged in two major sections IAA Entries and STAR Entries, in that order The citations, and abstracts when available, are reproduced exactly as they appeared originally in IAA or STAR, including the original accession numbers from the respective announcement journals This procedure, which saves time and money, accounts for the slight variation in citation appearances Two indexes—subject and personal author—are included An annual index will be prepared at the end of the calendar year covering all documents listed in the 1976 Supplements. AVAILABILITY OF CITED PUBLICATIONS IAA ENTRIES (A76-10000 Series) All publications abstracted in this Section are available from the Technical Information Service. American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics. Inc (AIAA). as follows Paper copies are avail- able at $5 00 per document up to a maximum of 20 pages The charge for each additional page is 25 cents Microfiche'" are available at the rate of $1 50 per microfiche for documents identified by the § symbol following the accession number A number of publications, because of their special characteristics, are available only for reference in the AIAA Technical Information Service Library Minimum airmail postage to foreign countries is $1 00 Please refer to the accession number, e g . 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NY 10017 British Library Lending Division. Boston Spa. Wetherby, Yorkshire. England Commissioner of Patents U S Patent Office Washington. DC 20231 Energy Research and Development Administration Technical Information Center P 0 Box 62 Oak Ridge. Tennessee 37830 ESA - Space Documentation Service ESRIN Via Galileo Galilei 00044 Frascati (Rome), Italy Pendragon House. Inc 899 Broadway Avenue Redwood City. California 94063 Superintendent of Documents U S Government Printing Office Washington. D C 20402 University Microfilms A Xerox Company 300 North Zeeb Road Ann Arbor. Michigan 48106 University Microfilms. Ltd Tylers Green London. England U S Geological Survey 1033 General Services Administration Bldg Washington. D C 20242 Her Majesty's Stationery Office P O Box 569. S E 1 London. England U S Geological Survey 601 E Cedar Avenue Flagstaff. Arizona 86002 NASA Scientific and Technical Information Facility PO Box 8757 B W I Airport. Maryland 21240 National Aeronautics and Space Administration Scientific and Technical Information Office (KSI) Washington. D C 20546 National Technical Information Service Springfield. Virginia 22161 U S Geological Survey 345 Middlefield Road Menlo Park. California 94025 U S Geological Survey Bldg 25. Denver Federal Center Denver. Colorado 80225 Zentralstelle fur Luftfahrtdoku- mentation und -Information 8 Munchen 86 Postfach 880 Federal Republic of Germany TABLE OF CONTENTS Page IAA Entries (A76-10000) 231 STAR Entries (N76-10000) 245 Subject Index 1-1 Personal Author Index I-25 T Y P I C A L C I T A T I O N A N D A B S T R A C T F R O M STAR M ACA A<~rccciniu r N76-107O6 # Techtian Corp. Silver Spnny. Ma •+ NUMBER | [*-X-RAY INVESTIGATION IN AVIATION AND SPACE MEDICINE ft "'"~ f Transl into ENGLISH of the book "Tashkent' USSR Medrtsma AUTHOR 1 Press. 1971 D 1-166 OR GRANT jne history of the use of X-rays to study the effects produced in animals and man by g-forces oriented in various directions is REPORT j presented with reference of Soviet and foreign literature Frequent NUMBER comparisons are drawn between the effects on unprotected organisms and parts of the body and the same effects ameliorated by the use of pressurized clothing and special g-suits Data drawn from examinations of professional aviators and parachute jumpers are employed in a survey placing special emphasis on spinal changes and damage caused by landing after ejection or making a jump Author AVAILABLE UN MICROFICHE I- CORPORATE — i SOURCE *— PUBLICATION DATE ' — AVAILABILITY SOURCE CODE T Y P I C A L C I T A T I O N AND A B S T R A C T FROM IAA NASA SPONSORED DOCUMENT AIAA ACCESSION NUMBER AUTHOR'S AFFILIATION CONTRACT, GRANTOR SPONSORSHIP A76-10720 * Visual reaction times during prolonged angular ^acceleration parallel the subjective perception of rotation D L Mattsor^San Jose State University, San Jose, Calif) Journal Experimental Psychology, vol 1, Nov 1975, p 404-410 23 refs Grant No NGL-05-046-002 ^ The effect of prolonged angular acceleration on choice reaction time to an accelerating visual stimulus was investigated, with 10 commercial airline pilots serving as subjects The pattern of reaction times during and following acceleration was compared with the pattern of velocity estimates reported during identical trials Both reaction times and velocity estimates increased at the onset of acceleration, declined prior to the termination of acceleration, and showed an aftereffect These results are inconsistent with the torsion-pendulum theory of semicircular canal function and suggest that the vestibular adaptation is of central origin (Author) TITLE AUTHOR TITLE OF PERIODICAL PUBLICATION DATE VIII AEROSPACE MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY A Continuing Bibliography (Suppl. 159) IAA ENTRIES OCTOBER 1976 The current status of space research directed at detecting traces of extraterrestrial life is briefly reviewed The principal analysis techniques that have been applied to lunar samples are examined, along with possible directions of future Martian research V P A76-35715 The problem of habttabihty in spaceships lu Nefedov, S N Zaloguev, and V P Savma. In Space activity impact on science and technology Oxford, Pergamon Press, Ltd, 1976, p 207-211 8 refs Specific aspects of the habitability problem in spacecraft are reviewed, emphasizing air contamination by trace impurities and effects of reduced gravity on the bacterial aerosol It is shown that expired air is one of the mam sources of air contamination in spacecraft and that the concentration of trace impurities in expired air is affected by microchmatic conditions, the composition and caloric content of food products, the motor activity of crew members, and environmental factors such as high temperature and humidity The growth and survivability of microbes during long-term space flights are discussed along with hygienic measures that have been taken to reduce the entry of pathogenic microorganisms into the cabin atmosphere The problem of the biological compatibility of spacecraft crew members is considered F G M A76-35744 Man in space (Chelovek v kosmose) Edited by 0 G Gazenko (Akademna Nauk SSSR, Moscow, USSR) and H Bjrstedt (Kungl Karohraka Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden) Moscow, Izdatel'stvo Nauka, 1974 440 p In Russian, English, and French The papers deal with the medical aspects of prolonged space flights (including the physiological and psychological aspects of adaptation to the space environment and readaptation to terrestrial conditions), the problem of artificial gravitation, the mechanisms underlying combined stress effects, such as hypokmesia, nervous emotional stress, insomnia, etc A special chapter is devoted to biomstrumentation and methods of detecting stress and fatigue effects V P A76-35764 ff Second expedition of the orbital station Salyut-4 - Some results and problems of medical studies (Vtoraia ekspeditsua orbital'noi stantsu 'Saliut-4' - Nekotorye itogi i zadachi meditsmskikh issledovann) 0 G Gazenko and A D Egorov Akademna Nauk SSSR, Vestnik, no 4, 1976, p 2536 In Russian The paper consideres the physiological state of the crew of Salyut-4 during and after flight and presents results of medical investigations The medical and biological aspects discussed include adaptation to weightlessness, the operation of the vestibular organs and space orientation, light flashes with eyes closed, sleep dis turbances, migrating Orcadian rhythm, work capacity, heart func tion, respiration rate, electrocardiography, hemodynamic response, cardiovascular response and muscular function B J A76-35767 ff Trends of the search for living microscopic organisms beyond the earth (Shliakhi poshukiv zhivikh mikrosko- pichnikh istot poza zemlem) L I Rubenchik Akademna Nauk Ukrams'koi RSR, Visnik, vol 40. Mar 1976, p 46-51 25 refs In Ukrainian A76-35892 ft Psychoacoustical equivalents to neurophysio- logical 'tuning curves' obtained by the method of subsequent masking (Psychoakustyczne odpowiedmki neurofiziologicznych 'krzywych strojema' uzyskane metoda maskowama nastepczego) A Jaroszewski and A Rakowski (Wyzsza Szkola Muzyczna, Warsaw, Poland) Archiwum Akustyki, vol 11, no 2, 1976, p 159-166 20 refs In Polish The authors describe a method for measuring psychoacoustical tuning curves in post-stimulus masking and present the results of testing three subjects involving about 6500 evaluations Tuning curve slopes attaining values of 1040 2200 dB per octave were found for a characteristic frequency of 1 kHz By comparing these results with the researches of other investigators, the authors have established the likely importance of the role of the cochlea or higher nerve centers in the perception of frequency P T H A76-35893 ft Determination of the intensity in a focused ultrasonic beam by an electrodynamic and capacitance method as applied to automatic visualization of the structure of the eye (Wyznaczeme natezenia w zogmskowanej wiazce ultradzwiekowej za pomoca metody elektrodynamicznej i pojemnosctowej w zasto- sowamu do automatycznej wizualizacji struktur oka) L Filip- czynski, G Lypacewicz, J Salkowski, and T Waszczuk (Polska Akademia Nauk, Instytut Podstawowych Problemow Techmki, Warsaw, Poland) Archiwum Akustyki, vol 11, no 2, 1976, p 189-198 In Polish A76-35897 Spacelab environmental control/life support system-design safety R Gartner (Dormer-System GmbH, Fnedrichs- hafen. West Germany) Journal of the Astronautical Sciences, vol 23, July-Sept 1975, p 205-224 5 refs The paper traces the development of safety requirements and design features from the Apollo Lunar Module/Command Module, to Skylab, to Shuttle and ultimately to Spacelab It is shown how these requirements are applied to the Spacelab environmental control/life support system which consists of the Atmosphere Storage and Control Section and the Atmosphere Revitalization Section The Spacelab hazard level classification (catastrophic, critical and con trolled) along with failure analysis tables listing hazardous failure modes and corrective actions Fire prevention and rescue capability are also discussed B J A76-35901 Electrocardiology Physiological, patho physiological and diagnostical research, Proceedings of the First International Congress, Wiesbaden, West Germany, October 14-17, 1974 Edited by H Abel (St Josefs Hospital. Wiesbaden, West Germany) Basel, S Karger AG (Advances in Cardiology Volume 16), 1976 586 p S4925 Advances in physiological, pathophysiological, and diagnostics research in electrocardiology are outlined Six major areas are discussed electrophysiological events in the myocardium and cardiac electric field, surface mapping and lead systems, computer applica- 231 A76-35902 tions in electrovectorcardiography, clinical investigations and ex- perience in hypertrophy and VCG, myocardial infarction, and intraventricular conduction and other related problems Featured topics include the electric field of the cardiac repolanzation in physical work, biophysical implications of orthogonal lead electro- cardiology, ECG/VCG automatic classification systems, parameters of left and right ventricular hypertrophy in vectorcardiograms, and VCG recognition and differentiation of myocardial infarction Present-day dissatisfaction with clinical vectorcardiography is related to the arbitrary limited surface exploration and to the contamination of the records by noise or instrumental distortion SO A76-35902 Action potential of the cardiac cell and the electrocardiogram H Antoni (Freiburg, Universitat, Freiburg im Breisgau, West Germany) In Electrocardiology Physiological, pathophysiological and diagnostical research, Proceedings of the First International Congress, Wiesbaden, West Germany, October 14-17, 1974 Basel, S Karger AG, 1976, p 6-17 25 refs The relationship between the action potential of the cardiac cell and the ECG is known to be a matter of extreme complexity The paper discusses the ionic genesis of the cardiac action potential, the electromotive forces generated by the wave of excitation, and the useful contributions of single fiber electrophysiology to clinical electrocardiography It is shown that the emf generated at a given time by a homogeneously excited segment of cardiac muscle is dependent on the shape of the action potential and on its conduction velocity, on the length of the excited section, and some other factors At present the most useful contribution of cellular elec trophysiology to electrocardiography may concern the genesis and mechanisms of cardiac arrhythmias rather than an interpretation of electrocard lographic deflections S D A76-35903 Possibilities of electrocardiography in the future H Schaefer (Heidelberg, Universitat, Heidelberg, West Germany) In Electrocardiology Physiological, pathophysiological and diagnostical research. Proceedings of the First International Congress, Wiesbaden, West Germany, October 1417, 1974 Basel, S Karger AG, 1976, p 18-26 24 refs The single myocardial fiber as an elementary generator and electric source of ECG, the electrical field of the heart, and the clinical interpretation of ECG are examined along with possible future developments in the field of electrocardiography Whatever is recordable as an ECG is nothing but the vectonal sum of all elementary generators with their projections on the chosen lead vector Functional deviations impairing correct interpretation of ECG are identified Future development should be directed toward improving the methods of translating the language of electrical events on the surface of the body into information on functional or morphological events in the interior of the heart Particular attention is devoted to improvements to be made in the standard ECG, the ECG as a screening method, description of vectonal data, mapping of electric potentials on the chest surface, and computer analysis of recorded electrocard lographic data S D A76-35904 Multiple dipole electrocardiography in isch- aemic heart disease R H Baxter, A Irving, A Escarous, P W Macfarlane, and T D V Lawrie (Glasgow, University, Glasgow, Scotland) In Electrocardiology Physiological, pathophysiological and diagnostical research. Proceedings of the First International Congress, Wiesbaden, West Germany, October 14-17, 1974 Basel, S Karger AG, 1976, p 43-46 A computer-aided technique known as multiple dipole electro cardiography is described, which has the advantage of detecting electrical activities in discrete areas of the myocardium during ventricular depolarization The multiple dipole ECG is obtained by recording 126 unipolar leads with respect to the Wilson central terminal A model of ventricular depolarization is developed with the myocardium divided into ten arbitrary areas three in the right ventricle, two in the septum, and five in the left ventricle The electrical activity of each of these areas is represented by an electrical dipole with a fixed direction as the mean direction of the normal spread of activation in the area that the dipole represents The results obtained so far on normal patients and patients with proven coronary artery disease confirm the validity of the model used and suggest that the multiple dipole ECG may be of clinical value in selective cases where standard ECG findings are normal or equivocal SD A76-35906 Comparison between conventional ECGs si- multaneously recorded and those reconstructed from Frank lead system C Zywietz, H Abel, H P Mock, and B Rosenbach (Hannover, Medizmische Hochschule, Hanover, West Germany) In Electrocardiology Physiological, pathophysiological and diagnostical research, Proceedings of the First International Congress, Wiesbaden, West Germany, October 14-17, 1974 Basel, S Karger AG, 1976, p 82-86 5 refs Research supported by the Bundesmmisterium fur Forschung und Technologie BMFT Project DVM-001 A76-35907 Age differences in the spatial vectors and vectorcardiogram utilizing various orthogonal electrocardiographs lead systems G Arsenescu, M Sabau, B X Hasu, and G Szots (Institutul de Medicina si Farmacie, Tirgu-Mures, Rumania) In Electrocardiology Physiological, pathophysiological and diagnostical research. Proceedings of the First International Congress, Wiesbaden, West Germany, October 14 17, 1974 Basel, S Karger AG, 1976, p 108 110 A76-35908 Computers in clinical electrocardiology Is vectorcardiography becoming obsolete P M Rautaharju, H W Blackburn, H K Wolf, and M Horacek (Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada, Minnesota, University, Minneapolis, Minn ) In Electrocardiology Physiological, pathophysiological and diagnostical research. Proceedings of the First International Congress, Wiesbaden, West Germany, October 14 17, 1974 Basel, S Karger AG, 1976, p 143-156 20 refs Contrasting functional varieties of ECG analysis programs are discussed along with critical current problems in computer analysis of ECG In assessing the potential of computer interpretations of ECGs, some trends are emerging although a number of fundamental questions remain unanswered The characteristics of single versus multiple lead ECG, standard versus vector lead programs, and probabilistic versus deterministic programs are examined The task of handling multivanate information is highly complex even with computers and with the best available statistical procedures, which gives rise to the problems of data base selection and reduction of redundancy Most,presently available ECG programs are deter- ministic rather than probabilistic in the sense that they are designed to interpret ECGs according to some set of currently accepted electrocardiographic criteria Old concepts of strict orthogonality in vectorcardiography should be de emphasized to create a new basis for computer-aided ECG interpretation involving more heuristic models of cardiac activity S D A76-35909 Automated comparison of serial electro- cardiograms H V Pipberger, R A Dunn, and H A PipbergerlUS Veterans Administration Research Center for Cardiovascular Data Processing, George Washington University, Washington, DC) In Electrocardiology Physiological, pathophysiological and diagnostical research. Proceedings of the First International Congress, Wiesbaden, West Germany, October 14-17, 1974 Basel, S Karger AG, 1976, p 157165 5 refs Grant No NIH-HL-15047 The paper describes a completely automated ECG analysis system for rapid and comprehensive evaluation of ECG changes which may have taken place between consecutive tracings Use is 232 A76-35915 made of a storage and retrieval system where the main considerations are speed, practicality, and cost All ECGs recorded from hospi- talized patients are stored on disk so that when the number of tracings exceeds three for an individual, the program retains only the first and the two most recent ones The stored record incorporates 150 ECG measurements including results of cardiac rhythm analysis and posterior probabilities calculated from a multivanate likelihood ratio and the digitized signal of one cardiac cycle selected as most representative of the 10-sec recording A different analysis is developed for long-term ECG changes where it is important to recognize trends Illustrative examples are provided S D A76-35910 Further reflections on automated ECG inter pretation P W MacFarlane, T P Taylor, and T D V Lawrie (Glasgow, University, Glasgow, Scotland) In Electrocardiology Physiological, pathophysiological and diagnostical research, Proceed- ings of the First International Congress, Wiesbaden, West Germany, October 14 17, 1974 Basel, S Karger AG, 1976, p 166-170 The present status of automated ECG interpretation in Europe is reviewed, with particular reference to the research work carried out by the authors The discussion covers hardware, software, arrhythmia analysis, basic interpretation of ECG, and serial analysis An increasing confidence in the accuracy of computer interpretation of cardiac rhythm exists since only 5 in every 100 ECGs from a general hospital population is wrongly reported, so that ECGs should be checked before distribution from the computer center It is suggested that an ECG should be interpreted in a conventional manner, i e , with a first generation program which can still make more objective use of many more criteria than a cardiologist can remember Reports of sequential changes can be made with confidence and in many cases false-positive findings are inhibited by comparison of tracings recorded a few days apart S D A76-35911 Estimation of variance components in the automated analysis of vectorcardiograms J Michaelis, A Axter, and M Lutz (Universitatsklimk, Mainz, West Germany) In Electro cardiology Physiological, pathophysiological and diagnostical re- search, Proceedings of the First International Congress, Wiesbaden, West Germany, October 14-17, 1974 Basel, S Karger AG, 1976, p 171-175 Research supported by the Bundes- ministenum fur Forschung und Technologic BMFT Project DVM-5,302 The paper studies the amount of intra-mdividual variability caused by short-time variability, time of day variability, day-to-day variability, dislocation of electrodes and measurement errors from vectorcardiograms recorded on analog tape from 18 healthy students aged 19 25 years by the Frank and McFee lead systems After A/D conversion, automated analysis of the vectorcardiograms is per- formed by the program of Pipberger, 1972 version Variance components are estimated for 27 variables with special diagnostic relevance and compared with those that are due to intenndividual variability It is found that the influence of unproper electrode position, 5 mm variability, day-to-day variability, and time of day variability is relatively small The small intra-mdividual variability resulted in a great stability of multivanate analysis, so that it seems unnecessary to consider the sources of intra individual variability in the planning of clinical and epidemiological studies S D A76-35912 Accuracy and beatto-beat variation in ECG computer measurements D Borovsky and C Zywietz (Hannover, Medizimsche Hochschule, Hanover, West Germany) In Electro cardiology Physiological, pathophysiological and diagnostical re- search. Proceedings of the First International Congress, Wiesbaden, West Germany, October 14-17, 1974 Basel, S Karger AG, 1976, p 176-181 Research supported by the Bundes- mimsterium fur Forschung und Technologic BMFT Project DVM 001 The separation of observed and biological variability is essential for proper utilization of available statistical analysis methods used for automated ECG/VCG analysis, since the observed variability may be due both to a physiological factor and to performance of data acquisition, measurement precision, and observer variability Atten- tion is focused on variation of time measurements, intra-observer variability, true beat-to-beat variability, and amplitude variations Due to the functional dependency of amplitude and time measure- ments every inaccuracy in time measurements will necessarily influence amplitude measurements Beat to-beat variability of time measurements is presented in graphic form, including the maximal absolute deviations of the total measured variability of all time intervals, intra-observer variability for all wave recognition points and calculated or true variability for all time measurements Time measurement variability is greater m the P wave S D A76-35913 Modularity in VCG/ECG-processmg systems J S Duisterhout, J H van Bemmel, C A Distelbnnk, S J Hengeveld, G van Herpen, J L Tafrpon, T Plokker, and RAF Pronk (Nederlandse Centrale Organisatie TNO, Medisch-Fysisch Instituut, Utrecht, Netherlands) In Electrocardiology Physiologi cal, pathophysiological and diagnostical research. Proceedings of the First International Congress, Wiesbaden, West Germany, October 1417, 1974 Basel, S Karger AG, 1976, p 186-189 Discrepancies in existing VCG/ECG processing systems can be caused by the fact that the computer classification logic is incomplete or differs from the physician's logic and by errors introduced in the signal analysis by the computer The paper discusses the design specifications, system structure, and module description of a modular VCG/ECG processing system consisting of a core resident mam program and input module and 12 modular analysis and classification modules The advantage of the system over conventional processing systems is that each module can be evaluated separately and easily replaced by another version as long as the input and output requirements are met Three different stages now being used to test the system are outlined S D A76-35914 Diagnostic variability of different ECG pro- grams G Arabm, J Dudeck, W Hobel, and H -U Valk (Giessen, Universitat, Giessen, West Germany) In Electrocardiology Physio- logical, pathophysiological and diagnostical research. Proceedings of the First International Congress, Wiesbaden, West Germany, October 14-17, 1974 Basel, S Karger AG, 1976, p 190-193 One possible measurement of the reliability of an ECG program is the repeating variability defined as the variability of measurements and diagnostic statements or decisions between the analysis of two ECGs recorded under the same conditions, IB, recorded one after the other within a short time interval and without moving the electrodes Using the same set of ECG data one is able to compare the repeating variability of two ECG programs It is hypothesized that the influence of repeating variability on diagnostic reliability is much smaller in programs using the statistical approach to find the diagnosis than in decision-tree programs Some preliminary results on the measurements of the repeating variability of the Pipberger program in its 1972 version are presented It is shown that the determination of repeating variability seems to be a very useful means to estimate the performance of an ECG program and that in the Pipberger program the repeating variability of measurements and diagnostic probabilities are in an acceptable range for practical applications S D A76-35915 Computer interpretation of electrocardiograms and vectorcardiograms J Enderle, M Telerman, L Pordy, K Chesky, and H Jaffe (Hopital Universitaire Brugmann, Brussels, Belgium, Mount Sinai Hospital, New York University, New York, NY) In Electrocardiology Physiological, pathophysiological and diagnostical research, Proceedings of the First International Congress, Wiesbaden, West Germany, October 14-17, 1974 Basel, S Karger AG, 1976, p 194-202 233 A76-35916 Performance results are presented for an automated method of computer ECG/VCG analysis of over 23,000 cases The method simulates clinical anilysis by cardiologists and utilizes fixed criteria established by an international board of cardiographers These criteria have been updated several times since the start of research work in 1969 Details of errors in rhythm and contour statements are tabulated and discussed Several combined diagnostics are correctly made by the computer in most pathological cases, where infarcts are often associated with conduction disturbances and/or ventricular or atnal hypertrophies, rhythm disturbances, ST and/or T abnor- malities, and the like It is concluded that the computer system proves to be a useful clinical and research too! for the modern automated ECG laboratory S D A76-35916 Diagnostic reliability of ECG processing by multivariate analysis C Brohet (Minnesota, University, Minneapolis, Minn) and H G Richman (US Veterans Administration Hospital, Minneapolis, Minn ) In Electrocardiology Physiological, patho- physiological and diagnostical research, Proceedings of the First International Congress, Wiesbaden, West Germany, October 14-17, 1974 Basel, S Karger AG, 1976, p 209 213 8 refs Results are presented for the overall diagnostic performance of an ECG analysis system based on the Pipberger program where little modification of the program's basic probabilistic functions would be necessary The conditions and methods of evaluation are such that the clinical setting where the study is performed is independent of the program developers, there is no selection of ECGs, and the physician's interpretation is utilized as one criterion for assessing the diagnostic reliability of the program adopted The advantage of the multivariate statistical approach used by this program for ECG diagnostic classification is that by using independent clinical informa- tion to arbitrate all equivocal cases, a significant increase in the diagnostic agreement can be reached which is greater than that resulting from the deterministic approach used by the physician The program showed excellent sensitivity for atnal fibrillation, with good sensitivity and specificity for diagnosis of atnal abnormalities S D A76-35917 Comparison of different algorithms for P-onset and P-offset recognition in ECG programs S Klusmeier, H Klmkers, P Fnednchs, and C Zywietz (Hannover, Medizimsche Hochschule, Hanover, West Germany) In Electrocardiology Physiological, pathophysiological and diagnostical research. Proceedings of the First International Congress, Wiesbaden, West Germany, October 14-17, 1974 Basel, S Karger AG, 1976, p 221-226 Research supported by the Bundesmimsterium fur Forschung und Technology BMPT Proiect DVM-001 Three P-wave detection methods were applied to vector cardiograms (VCG) The first approach is a threshold method based on the spatial velocity, amplitudes and slopes in individual leads are included for the detection of small P-waves The resulting wave recognition points are checked for plausibility and corrected using a modified procedure In the second approach, the number of times the measured value of the spatial velocity, sum of absolute slopes, and absolute slope in lead Y falls within the mean values plus or minus variance is determined for 24-sec time windows The wave recognition point is considered to occur within the time window with the highest score In the third method, reference points before and after the P-wave are estimated and the amplitudes relating to the line connecting these points are summed A threshold method applied to the integral curve determined the points of P onset and offset, which are represented as break points In terms of absolute deviations in wave recongition, the proposed algorithms produce results comparable to those obtained by visual evaluation C K D A76-35918 Computer analysis of normal and abnormal P loops of the Frank vectorcardiogram M Yokota, Y Watanabe, I Sotobata, and S Yasui (Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan) In Electrocardiology Physiological, pathophysiological and diagnostical research. Proceedings of the First International Congress, Wiesbaden, West Germany, October 14-17, 1974 Basel, S Karger AG, 1976, p 227 232 Frank-vectorcardiogram P loops with satisfactory S/N ratios were obtained for normal subjects and subjects with diagnosed mitral valvular disease, atnal septal defect of the secundum type, mitral stenosis, mitral steno-msufficiency, or mitral stenosis with aortic insufficiency by means of a computer averaging technique (Yokota et>al, 1972) From the results, increased left atnal volume appears to be a more effective indicator of increased spatial maximal P vector magnitude than elevated pulmonary wedge pressure in mitral stenosis In comparison with normal subjects, subjects suffering from atnal septal defects showed an increase in the magnitude of the three planar and spatial maximal P vectors and in the mean polar P vectors A highly significant correlation between the magnitude of the mean polar P vector and the size of the defect was noted In mitral valvular disease, the P loop showed a prolonged time interval from onset to occurrence of.the maximal vector, and a marked increase in spatial and planar magnitudes C K D A76-35919 Quantitative classification of T-wave abnor- malities in the VCG J L Talmon and G van Herpen (Nederlandse Centrale Orgamsatie TNO, Medisch-Fysisch Instituut, Utrecht, Netherlands) In Electrocardiology Physiological, pathophysiologi cal and diagnostical research. Proceedings of the First International Congress, Wiesbaden, West Germany, October 14-17, 1974 Basel, S Karger AG, 1976, p 233-236 A76-35920 Comparison of the performance of a computer compared to the effectivity of a physicians analysis of infarction ECGs W Enenkel and R Spiel (Krankenhaus der Stadt Wien-Lamz, Vienna, Austria) In Electrocardiology Physiological, patho physiological and diagnostical research. Proceedings of the First International Congress, Wiesbaden, West Germany, October 14-17, 1974 Basel, S Karger AG, 1976, p 240-245 11 refs Diagnoses of myocardial infarct obtained from ECGs using the Riedl-ISPHS program (1970) were compared with those made by a cardiologist on the basis of the same materials The presence of myocardial infarct in the subjects was determined independently by fulfillment of one or more of World Health Organization criteria autopsy positive, ECG typical, pain typical, raised serum enzymes, pain atypical, ECG uncertain, raised serum enzymes The computer program gave 50% false interpretations, while the cardiologist incorrectly interpreted the ECGs in 24 5% of the cases Both the computer and the physician reached more false diagnoses in anterior than in posterior infarcts C K D A76-35921 Computer analysis of the Frank electro- cardiogram and vectorcardiogram in patients with segmental areas of akmesia or dyskmesia on left ventricular angiogram D McCaughan, G Tunni, and H V Pipberger (U S Veterans Administration Hospital, George Washington University, Washington, DC, US Veterans Administration Hospital, West Roxbury, Harvard Uni- versity, Boston, Mass) In Electrocardiology Physiological, patho- physiological and diagnostical research, Proceedings of the First International Congress, Wiesbaden, West Germany, October 1417, 1974 Basel, S Karger AG, 1976, p 246-250 5 refs Grant No NIH HL-15047-01 A76-35922 A new rhythm classification program applied to routine electro- and vector-cardiograms M Sajet, Y Delcambre, J Wurzburger, and M D Cimhub (Brussels, Free University, Brussels, Belgium) In Electrocardiology, Physiological, pathophysiological and diagnostical research, Proceedings of the First International Congress, Wiesbaden, West Germany, October 14-17, 1974 Basel, S Karger AG, 1976, p 256-259 A rhythm classification analysis procedure has been developed for application to data sets consisting of four 4 8 sec 12 lead electrocardiogram (ECG) records and one 10 4 sec vectorcardiogram (VCG) record In the first module of the analysis, spatial velocity is used to determine the onset and end of the QRS complex and the 234 A76-36155 end of the T wave for individual beats To detect P waves, the raw data are filtered between the end of the T wave of the previous beat and the onset of the QRS complex, and linear interpolation is used to eliminate baseline drift Noise is measured during the 30 sec preceding the onset of the QRS complex and subtracted, and the resulting signals from the three leads of a group are rectified and summed The second module of the analysis combines all parameters calculated for each beat separately, the 30-sec record of the VCG and ECG is considered as a single set of data The basic rhythm is correctly identified by this method in 90% of the tracings, most errors are due to fibrillo-flutter Detection of extrasystoles gives 10% false negatives C K D A76-35923 Classification of myocardial infarction accord- ing to the vector maps of the 'Electric Heart Portrait' and the pathological signs in ECG FAN Kienle and K Maldener (Herzkhnik, Karlsruhe, West Germany) In Electrocardiology Physi- ological, pathophysiological and diagnostical research, Proceedings of the First International Congress, Wiesbaden, West Germany, October 14-17, 1974 Basel, S Karger AG, 1976, p 281-309 54 refs A76-35924 P wave abnormalities in right and left ventric- ular overload • Electrocardiographs and hemodynamic correlations N Tuna, C R Brohet, and C E Liedtke (Minnesota, University, Minneapolis, Minn ) In Electrocardiology Physiological, patho- physiological and diagnostical research. Proceedings of the First International Congress, Wiesbaden, West Germany, October 14 17, 1974 Basel, S Karger AG, 1976, p 354-359 18 refs Grants No NIH HL 08517-09, No NIH-RR-267 A76-35925 Sinus arrhythmia and heart rate in hypertonic disease K Eckoldt, K H Bodmann, H Cammann, B Pfeifer, and E Schubert (Berlin, Humboldt-Universitat, Berlin, East Germany) In Electrocardiology Physiological, pathophysiological and diagnostical research, Proceedings of the First International Congress, Wiesbaden, West Germany, October 14-17, 1974 Basel, S Karger AG, 1976, p 366369 Sinus arrhythmia under normal resting conditions was analyzed for a group of normal subjects, and in subjects suffering from hypertension Correlation coefficients with age, blood pressure, and duration of hypertension were calculated Sinus arrhythmia was found to decrease with increasing duration of hypertensive illness, decreasing by half every 6 3 years of hypertension The effect of increased tidal volume was less pronounced in hypertensives than in normal subjects It is suggested that it may be possible to judge the extent of manifestation of hypertension by measurement of the sinus arrhythmia C K D A76-35926 The relation of left atrial electrical activity and pressure in myocardial infarction F G Dunn, R H Baxter, P W Macfarlane, and T D V Lawne (Glasgow, University, Glasgow, Scotland) In Electrocardiology Physiological, pathophysiological and diagnostical research, Proceedings of the First International Congress, Wiesbaden, West Germany, October 14-17, 1974 Basel, S Karger AG, 1976, p 376-381 13 refs Certain Pwave parameters (P-termmal force, magnitude of the P-wave vector, P-wave amplitude in leads X, Y, and Z, and projection of the P wave onto the transverse plane) were compared with indirect left atrial pressure in acute myocardial infarction Although Pwave abnormalities can be found in patients with elevated wedge pressures, no specific correlation could be found between these P-wave parameters and left ventricle dysfunction as measured by wedge pressure in acute myocardial infarction C K D A76-35927 The spatial velocity electrocardiogram of bundle branch block and myocardial infarction and its diagnostic merit in general T Sano, Y Sakamoto, T Hiroki, and S Kokusho (Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan) In Electro- cardiology Physiological, pathophysiological and diagnostical re search. Proceedings of the First International Congress. Wiesbaden, West Germany, October 14-17, 1974 Karger AG. 1976, p 394-398 6 refs Basel, S A76-35928 Electrophysiological classification of myo- cardial infarction and principles of analysis of the electrical activity of the heart Z L Dolabchian (Mimsterstvo Zdravookhranenna Armianskoi SSR, Institut Kardiologn i Serdechnoi Khirurgn, Yerevan, Armenian SSR) In Electrocardiology Physiological, pathophysiological and diagnostical research, Proceedings of the First International Congress, Wiesbaden, West Germany^ October 14-17, 1974 Basel, S Karger AG, 1976, p 399-402 A76-35929 Computer analysis of vectorcardiograms with special reference to segmental polar vector in myocardial infarction S Yasui, K Yamauchi, M Yokota, H Tammura, Y Watanabe, I Sotobata, M Yokoi, and N Okamoto (Nagoya University, Nagoya, Center for Health Care, Aichi, Japan) In Electrocardiology Physiological, pathophysiological and diagnostical research. Proceed- ings of the First International Congress, Wiesbaden, West Germany, October 14 17, 1974 Basel, S Karger AG, 1976, p 424-434 7 refs A76-35930 Continuous 24-hour electrocardiogram in the diagnosis and the prognosis of the so-called 'left hemiblock' V M Lopes, M Carrageta, and F de Padua (Clinica Universitaria de Terapeutica Medica, Lisbon, Portugal) In Electrocardiology Physi- ological, pathophysiological and diagnostical research, Proceedings of the First International Congress, Wiesbaden, West Germany, October 14-17, 1974 Basel, S Karger AG, 1976, p 469478 15 refs A76-35931 Studies on left anterior hemiblock - Correla- tions between systolic time intervals and orthogonal VCG C Ramalhao, F Rocha Goncalves, A Ribeiro, M J Maciel, C Abreu e Lima, and M Cerqueira Gomes (Porto, Universidade, Oporto, Portugal) In Electrocardiology Physiological, pathophysiological and diagnostical research, Proceedings of the First International Congress, Wiesbaden, West Germany, October 1417, 1974 Basel, S Karger AG, 1976, p 483-489 18 refs Research supported by the Institute de Alta Cultura A76-35932 The diagnostic value of exercise electro- cardiograms C A Distelbnnk, C A Ascoop, and P A De Lang (Nederlandse Centrale Orgamsatie TNO, Medisch Fysisch Instituut, Utrecht, Netherlands) In Electrocardiology Physiological, patho- physiological and diagnostical research. Proceedings of the First International Congress, Wiesbaden, West Germany, October 14-17, 1974 Basel, S Karger AG, 1976, p 529 533 The value of different leads and criteria in diagnosing obstruc- tive coronary sclerosis was assessed by comparing the results of exercise ECGs with findings from coronary artenography in a group of 87 patients In addition to Frank X, Y, and Z leads, the CCS and CMS special bipolar exercise leads (Distelbnnk et al , 1972) were used Digital filtering, coherent averaging and waveform recognition of the digitized data were performed automatically Results indicate that analysis of readings from a system with precordial leads such as CC5 and CM5 is as effective in diagnosing obstructive coronary sclerosis as using VCG system data C K D A7636155 A study of comparative blood pressure mea- sures in predicting risk of coronary heart disease R H Rosenman, R I Sholtz (Mount Zion Hospital and Medical Center, San Francisco, Cal i f ) , and R J Brand (Mount Zion Hospital and Medical Center, San Francisco, California, University, Berkeley, Cal i f ) Circulation, vol 54. July 1976, p 51 58 45 refs Grant No NIH-HL-03429 The Western Collaborative Group Study is a prospective study of 3,154 employed men, aged 3959 years Coronary heart disease (CHD) occurred in 357 subjects during 8 5 years of follow up The 235 A76-36156 multiple logistic risk model was used to assess the comparative strength of systolic, diastolic, mean arterial and pulse pressure for the prediction of CHD in two age decades after adjustment for age, serum cholesterol, cigarette smoking, behavior pattern and weight The risk of CHD was more strongly associated with the systolic than the diastolic pressure The general practice of assessing the impor- tance of blood pressure based only on the diastolic component should be reassessed (Author) A76-36156 Determinants of ventricular septal motion Influence of relative right and left ventricular size A S Pearlman.C E Clark, W L Henry, J Morganroth, S B Itscoitz, and S E Epstein (National Institutes of Health, National Heart and Lung Institute, Bethesda, Md ) Circulation, vol 54, July 1976, p 83 91 31 refs To test the hypothesis that the ventricular septum moves during systole toward the center of ventricular mass (including both ventricular muscle and mtraventricular blood), echocardiograms were reviewed retrospectively from patients with atrial septal defect and subsequently from patients with other causes of right or left ventricular volume overload, right or left ventricular pressure overload, and from normal subiects It is shown that both the direction and magnitude of ventricular septal motion during systole are determined by the mtracardiac position of the septum at end-diastole, suggesting that the midpoint of the septum moves toward the center of ventricular mass The magnitude of ventricular volume or pressure overload affects the nature of septal motion only insofar as it causes ventricular dilatation The echocardiographic demonstration of paradoxic anterior systolic septal motion simply reflects relative right ventricular dilatation of any cause S D A76-36171 Aspirin therapy in angina pectoris - Effects on platelet aggregation, exercise tolerance, and electrocardiographs manifestations of ischemia W H Frishman, J Christodoulou, B Weksler, C Smithen, T Killip, and S Scheldt (New York Hospital Cornell Medical Center, New York, N Y ) American Heart Journal, vol 92, July 1976, p 3-10 37 refs Research supported by the New. York Heart Association, Grant No PHS PH 43 67 1439 A76-36172 A comparative analysis of four protocols for maximal treadmill stress testing M L Pollock, R L Bohannon, K H Cooper, J J Ayres, A Ward, S R White (Institute for Aerobics Research, Dallas, Tex ), and A C Lmnerud (Institute for Aerobics Research, Dallas, Tex , North Carolina State University, Raleigh, N C ) American Mean Journal, vol 92, July 1976, p 39-46 26 refs Results are presented for a comparative study of four popularly used maximal treadmill stiess tests (MTSTs) performed on 51 volunteer healthy men, aged 35 55 years, dichotomized into trained and untrained groups The four MTSTs studied were the Balke (1959), Bruce (1969), Ellestad (1969), and a modified Astrand (1970) with a continuous multistage running protocol Major objectives were to evaluate the ability of the four MTSTs to assess maximal cardiopulmonary responses, to compare submaximal re sponses, to compare the responses to the four MTSTs for trained and untrained subjects, to plot a nomogram for making comparison between these tests, and to compare the results with findings from other investigations No significant differences are found between tests at maximum for oxygen volume per unit time, heart rate, and blood pressure, except for oxygen volume per unit time for the Balke as compared to the tunning protocol The nomogram comparing treadmill time and maximal oxygen intake is considered valid up to oxygen volume per unit time requirement of 50 ml/kg mm S D A76-36216 # Cyanogenic compounds in nature and their possible significance concerning the origin of life R Eyjolfsson British Interplanetary Society, Journal, vol 29, July Aug 1976, p 482-488 23 refs Some implications of the natural occurrence of cyanogenic compounds on earth are discussed It is noted that the synthesis of nucleic acid bases and ammo acids appears to be wholly dependent on the presence of hydrocyanic acid, that hydrogen cyanide is not a deadly poison in today's biosphere within certain limits, and that contemporary organisms produce and metabolize hydrocyanic acid in relatively large amounts Characteristic features of natural cyano- genic compounds are described, their distribution in terrestrial life forms is reviewed, and the biosynthesis and metabolism of cvano genie glycosides are examined It is concluded that the cyanogens, cyanide metabolism, and cyanide detoxification are chemical foot- prints from processes which occurred on earth eons ago f G M A76-36232 * Microfossils in Conophyton from the Soviet Union and their bearing on Precambnan biostratigraphy J W Schopf (California, University, Los Angeles, Cali f) and lu K Sovetov (Akademna Nauk SSSR, Institut Geologn i Geofiziki, Novosibirsk, USSR) Science, vol 193, July 9, 1976, p 143-146 20 refs NSF Grant No GB-37257, Grant No NGR-05 007 407 Silicified specimens of the Vendian (late Precambnan) 'index fossil' Conophyton gaubitza from South Kazakstan contain a diverse assemblage of well preserved cyanophytic and apparently eukaryotic algae, the first stromatohtic microbiota to be reported from the Soviet Union Unlike the stromatolites in which they occur, the microorganisms that apparently built this form of Conophyton did not become extinct at the end of the Precambnan (Author) A76-36375 # On the perception of phase differences in acoustic signals T J F Buunen Delft, Techmsche Hogeschool, Doctor in de techmsche Wetenschappen Dissertation, 1976 107 p 62 refs The present thesis describes some experimental investigations concerning the audibility of phase differences in acoustic signals It is shown that phase differences are audible only if the separation between the frequency components of the signal is sufficiently small Two possible mechanisms for nonaural phase effects are examined time-structure detection by the auditory system and interactions of combination tones with acoustic frequency components within the ear Experimental evidence is presented, showing that phase effects in three-component or broadband signals cannot be used as a straightforward indication of the ear's ability to detect time structure aspects of the signal Envelope detection of signals with very small frequency separations is demonstrated, and the ability of the ear to follow amplitude variations of a signal is quantified It is concluded that the audibility of phase differences can be satisfactorily explained in terms of envelope detection and the interaction of combination tones with acoustic frequency components F G M A76-36631 Temporal summation and reaction time to double-light pulses at suprathreshold levels T Ueno (Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan) Perception andPsychophysics, vol 19, no 5, May 1976, p 399 404 20 refs Temporal summation of the visual system was studied at suprathreshold levels by measuring reaction time (RT) to the double pulses that were equal in luminance (L) and duration The RTs were determined as functions of L and the stimulus onset asynchrony (SOA) between the o"nsets of the two pulses The relation between RT and L obtained for a given SOA was found to be a power function with the exponent 1/3 The function relating L to SOA was then derived for each of three criterion RTs The L SOA relationship indicated partial summation at SOAs shorter than about 20 msec Inhibition was observed at SOAs longer than about 80 msec These findings were consistent with the predictions from a temporal integration model (Author) A76-36632 Similarity - Its definition and effect on the usual analysis of complex displays M H Singer and J S Lappm (Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tenn ) Perception and Psycho- physics, vol 19, no 5, May 1976, p 405-411 17 refs Research supported by the Spencer Foundation and Vanderbilt University Research Council, Grant No PHS-MH 21105 Two experiments were conducted to test the adequacy of the definition of visual similarity in terms of shared or discordant sets of 236 A76-36645 points The first experiment compared the detectabihty of three transformations deletion of an end-of-alme segment, a break in continuity, and a mirror-image reversal The second experiment tested whether the better detectabihty of reversals was due to a greater number of discordant points or to changes in the orientation of diagonal lines Experimental results strain the definition of similarity given by contemporary feature-models of visual form perception It is shown that the detectabihty of a difference between two forms depends upon the context in which the difference occurs, and that the detectabihty of a reversal transformation involves a comparison of line orientations throughout the entire display It is suggested that the similarity of forms may depend upon the transformations by which they are related rather than their common features S D A76-36633 Two kinds of adaptation in the constancy of visual direction H Wallach (Swarthmore College, Swarthmore, Pa ) and T Canal (Cornell University, Ithaca, N Y) Perception and Psychophysics, vol 19, no 5, May 1976, p 445449 6 refs Grant No NIH-11089 Adaptation in the constancy of visual direction had previously been obtained by causing a large or a small visible area representing the environment to be objectively displaced in dependence on head movements No stationary objects were permitted to be visible Now experiments are reported in which displacements of a large patterned field, with the subiect fixating a stationary mark in its center, led to adaptation In these experiments, objective displacements of the environment were given by image displacements on the retina Adaptation also resulted when the large field was stationary and only the fixation mark was displaced Here the objective displacement was given by the rate of pursuit eye movements (Author) A76-36634 * Effects of visual imagery on the accommo- dation response F V Malmstrom (U S Air Force Academy, Colorado Springs, Colo ) and R J Randle (NASA, Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif ) Perception and Psychophysics, vol 19, no 5, May 1976, p 450453 14 refs USAF supported research Twenty seven naive male subjects were tested to determine whether they could effect appropriate accommodation changes in an empty field by 'thinking near' and 'thinking far' Evidence indicated that naive subjects could effect significant and appropriate accommo- dation changes, but only about a steady state value of 1 0 diopter Additionally, the data support the hypothesis that the resting state of accommodation is not at the visual far point, but, rather, at about 1 0 diopter (Author) A76 36639 /? Changes in hemodynamic indices under con- ditions of hemodilution induced by transfusion of blood substitute geossen after acute hemorrhage (Zmina pokazmkiv gemodmarniki v umovakh gemodiliutsn, viklikanoi perelivanmam krovozammnika geosenu pislia gostroi krovovrati) A I Vorobei (Akademna Nauk Ukrams'koi RSR, Institut Fiziologn, Kiev, Ukrainian SSR) FIZIO- logichnu Zhurnal, vol 22, Mar-Apr 1976, p 176181 20 refs In Ukrainian A76-36640 // Role of thyroid and adrenal medulla hormones in thermoregulation reactions (Rol' gormomv shchitovidnoi zalozi ta mozkovogo sharu nadmrkovikh zaloz u reaktsnakh termoreguliatsn) V I Sobolev and S O Pevnn (Donets'kn Derzhavnn Umversitet, Donetsk, Ukrainian SSR) Fiziologichmi Zhurnal, vol 22, Mar-Apr 1976, p 188195 20 refs In Ukrainian The effect of catecholammes and reserpin on thermoregulation was tested in control, hyperthyroid, and hypothyroid rats The hyperthyroid animals exhibited the highest cold resistance Cold exposure was accompanied by decreases in the respiratory coefficient of hyperthyroid and control rats, which points to changes in oxidation substrates during cooling Triiodothyromn even in small doses strengthens the calongenic action of adrenalin and noradren- alm It is suggested that this effect may take place in animals acclimated to cold P T H A76-36641 # Functional state of adrenal cortex of rats after cooling in the hermetically sealed chamber and during adaptation to cooling (Funktsional'nn stan kon nadmrkovikh zaloz shchunv pislia okholodzhenma v germokamen ta v protsesi adaptatsn do n'ogo) V I Bertash and N V Korostovtseva (Lemngradskn Pediatricheskn Meditsmskn Institut, Leningrad, USSR) Fiziologichnn Zhurnal, vol 22, Mar Apr 1976, p 202206 13 refs In Ukrainian A76-36642 s Individual features of reactions to blood letting in rats of high and low resistance to acute hypoxia (Individual'ni osoblivosti reaktsn na krovopuskanma u visokostnkikh ta mz'kostnkikh do gostroi gipoksn shchunv) V la Berezovs'kn and V I Nosar (Akademna Nauk Ukrams'koi RSR, Institut Fiziologn, Kiev, Ukrainian SSR) Fiziologichnn Zhurnal, vol 22, May June 1976, p 297-302 19 refs In Ukrainian By repeated tests under the vacuum bell, rats of high and low resistance to hypoxia were discriminated It was shown that in the two groups, blood tosses in the amount of 1% body weight lead to dissimilar changes in the protein content and protein fractions of blood serum In most of the high-resistance animals the blood letting caused an increase in the total protein content and protein fractions in the blood serum, or an insignificant decrease with normalization toward the fourth to seventh day In most of the low-resistance animals the blood letting caused a decrease in the total protein content in the btood serum, in particular, a sharp drop in albumin content was observed These indices did not recover within twelve days of the blood letting The uniformity of reactions on the part of the respiratory center and systems controlling the constancy of blood protein content indicates that the stability of a given organism to oxygen deficiency is determined by its genetically caused biochemical individuality PTH A76-36643 ,i Functional changes of hypothalamic neuro- secretory centers after hyperbanc oxygenation (Funktsional'm zmmi gipotalamichnikh neirosekretornikh tsentnv pislia giperbarichnoi oksigenatsn) I I Gerzamch (Akademna Nauk Ukrams'koi RSR, Institut Fiziologn, Kiev, Ukrainian SSR) Fiziologichnn Zhurnal, vol 22, May-June 1976, p 303309 17 refs In Ukrainian Dynamics of functional changes in the supraoptical (SO) and paraventricular (PV) nuclei was studied in albino male rats of the Vistar line after hyperbanc oxygenation Hyperbanc oxygenation is established to intensify in both nuclei the processes of synthesis of neurosecretory substance, its removal and outflow The changes observed during the periods after the experiment show a tendency to restoration of the functional activity of both neurosecretory centers The state of indices of the SO and PV nuclei functional activity is different by the end of the day The function of the PV nuclei is restored completely and a subsequent intensification of neuro- secretion synthesis occurs m SO (Author) A76-36644 # Characteristics of nitrogen metabolism in the organism of animals of high and low resistance to hypoxia (Osoblivosti azotnogo obmmu v orgamzmi visokostnkikh ta niz'ko- stiikikh do gipoksn tvann) 0 A Boiko and S O Rileeva (Akademna Nauk Ukrams'koi RSR, Institut Fiziologn, Kiev, Ukrai- nian SSR) Fiziologichnn Zhurnal, vol 22, May-June 1976, p 310316 26 refs In Ukrainian When studying peculiarities of nitrogen metabolism in rats of high and low resistance to hypoxia (HRH and LRH, respectively) it was established that the presence of animals in the altitude chamber for 2 h at the 'height' of 9,000 m activates NAD-dependent glutamate dehydrogenase (GHD) of the brain and liver and increases the level of urea in the blood More active NAD dependent GDH of brain and a lower level of urea in blood are peculiar to the HRH individuals Changes in the studied indices with hypoxia are in the same direction for both groups, but the degree of these changes is different (Author) A76-36645 # Structure of hemodynamic shifts during hypoxic hypoxia in dogs with experimental arterial hypertension 237 A76-36646 (Pro striikturu gemodmamichnikh zrushen' pn gipoksichnn gipoksn u sobak z ekspenmental'noiu artenal'noiu gipertomeiu) T Mansurov (Akademna Nauk Ukrams'koi RSR, Institut Fiziologn, Kiev, Ukrai man SSR, Tashkentskn Oblastnoi Pedagogicheskn Institut, Tashkent, Uzbek SSR) Fiziologichnn Zhurnal, vol 22, May June 1976, p 317327 41 refs In Ukrainian Hypoxic hypoxia in control animals and dogs with arterial hypertension (AH) leads to hemodynamic shifts similar in direction but different in degree The increase in cardiac output and heart rate in the hypertense dogs was considerably greater than in the control animals However, the pressor reaction in dogs with AH was much less than in the control dogs under the same conditions, which is possibly due to the weakening of the effect of the hypertension inducing agent Some increase in cardiac output was observed in dogs with 4-5-week period of development of renal hypertension, while in dogs with 3 4-month period, hypoxic hypoxia is accompanied by the same degree of cardiac output increase as in healthy dogs Apparent- ly the adaptation of the circulatory system to changing environ- mental conditions takes place slowly in dogs with experimental arterial hypertension P T H A76-36646 ft Some indices of the respiratory function of the blood in glycolytic processes in tissues of heterothermal and homoiothermal rodents under acute hypoxic hypoxia (Deiaki pokazniki dikhal'noi funktsn krovi i glikolitichm protsesi v tkanmakh geterotermmkh i gomoiotermnikh grizuniv pri gostrn gipoksichnn gipoksn) N M Shumits'ka (Akademna Nauk Ukrams'koi RSR, Institut Fiziologn, Kiev, Ukrainian SSR) Fiziologichnn Zhurnal, vol 22, May-June 1976, p 328-334 41 refs In Ukrainian A76-36647 // Effect of adrenalin and noradrenalm on heart resistance to hypoxia (Dna adrenalmu i noradrenalmu na rezis- tentnist' sertsia do gipoksn) 0 0 Markova and V V Koptiukh (Ternopil's'kn Medichnn Institut, Ternopol, Ukrainian SSR) Fiziolo- gichnn Zhurnal, vol 22, May-June 1976, p 343348 27 refs In Ukrainian The mechanism for the effect of catecholammes on the heart's resistance to hypoxia was studied in experiments on 370 albino mice and 35 albino rats Small doses of catecholammes and antiadrenergic agents (reserpm, orntd, inderal) were found to increase heart resistance to hypoxia It is concluded that this effect depends on the ability to lower the oxygen consumption in the organism and on the ability of the antiadrenergic agents to prevent the damaging effect of excessive amounts of adrenergic agents on miocardium (Author) A76-36648 ft Shunting of mixed venous blood into the arterial bed at early stages of ontogenesis under conditions of acute hypoxic hypoxia (Shuntuvanma zmishanoi venoznoi krovi v artenal'ne ruslo na rannikh etapakh ontogenezu za umov gostroi gipoksichnoi gipoksn) M M Seredenko, M P Adamenko, T V Serebrovs'ka, T M Kovalenko, and V P Pozharov (Akademna Nauk Ukrams'koi RSR, Institut Fiziologn, Kiev, Ukrainian SSR) Fiziolo- gichnn Zhurnal, vol 22, May-June 1976, p 349356 42 refs In Ukrainian A76-36649 ft Functional state of the pancreas under the joint influence of hypoxy, hypercapnia, and cooling (Funktsional'nn stan pidshlunkovoi zalozi on poednanomu vphvi gipoksn, giperkapnn i okholodzhennia) V I Bertash, Z P Kasumova, V I Baev, and E I Bulakh (Lemngradskn Pediatricheskn Meditsmskn Institut, Lenin grad, USSR) Fiziologichnn Zhurnal, vol 22, May-June 1976, p 357-361 13 refs In Ukrainian A76-36650 ff Role of neurohormonal system disturbances in the change of immunological reactivity of an organism in the presence of hypo thai amic syndromes and means for its normalization (Do pitanma pro rol' porushennia neirogormonal'nikh sistem u zmmi imunologichnoi reaktivnosti pri gipotalamichnikh smdromakh ta shhakhi n normalizatsu) 0 F Makarchenko, G D Dmaburg, A D Lauta, A P Zaichenko, and G la Zavads'ka (Akademna Nauk Ukrams'koi RSR, Institut Fiziologn, Kiev, Ukrainian SSR) Fiziolo- gichnu Zhurnal, vol 22, May June 1976, p 362-372 33 refs In Ukrainian A76-36651 # Cardio-respiratory correlates of an experi- mental model of anticipation stress (Sertsevo-dikhal'm koreliati ekspenmental'noi modeli 'stres chekannia') V G Samokhvalov (Kharkivs'kii Medichnn Institut, Kharkov, Ukrainian SSR) Fiziolo- gichnn Zhurnal, vol 22, May June 1976, p 373379 13 refs In Ukrainian The cardio-respiratory components of emotional stress were studied in rats under conditions of continuous many hour neurotiza tion The use of stimulants according to a strict temporal scheme evoked profound changes in the cardiac and respiratory system functions, with peculiar courses characteristic for the different type of animals (the 'inhibited' type, 'steady' type, 'excited' type) The phase changes in the cardiovascular and respiratory system responses were observed the stage of anxiety, stage of adaptation, stage of exhaustion, as well as the individual peculiarities in the course of reactions Three types of cardiovascular and respiratory system responses under conditions of anticipation stress were established increased rate, decreased rate, relative stability The sympathetic tonus prevalence was noted (Author) A76-36652 /? Effect of physical loads on morphological and biochemical blood indices (Vpliv fizichmkh navantazhen' na morfo- logichm ta biokhimichm pokazniki krovi) lu T Chermkov (Voroshi- lovgrads'ku Pedagogichnn Institut, Voroshilovgrad, Ukrainian SSR) Fiziologichnn Zhurnal, vol 22, May June 1976, p 384389 13 refs In Ukrainian The effect of running on the content of regular blood elements (total leucocyte content, leucocytic formula, content of erythrocytes and hemoglobin) and on the activity of several redox enzymes (catalase, carbonic anhydrase, peroxidase) was studied in males of four age groups 10-12, 1315, 16-18, and 1926 years Less pronounced shifts in the leucocyte content were observed in persons of the first two groups than in those of the last two Erythrocyte and hemoglobin content changes were slight No definite changes in catalase activity are observed after the toad Carbonic anhydrase activity under these conditions increases in persons of all age groups The activity of peroxidase changes slightly m the first and second groups and increases in persons of the third and fourth groups PT H A76-36653 ff Effect of oxygen vitamin complex on indices of blood formation m an irradiated organism (Vpliv kisnevo- vitammnogo kompleksu na pokazniki krovotvorenma v opromi- nenomu orgamzmi) N L Shvans'ka, L T Khrulenko, L P Kindzel's'kn, and L A Baran (Knvs'kn Rentgeno-Radiologichnn i Onkologichnn Institut, Kiev, Ukrainian SSR) Fiziologichnn Zhurnal, vol 22, May June 1976, p 395-399 7 refs In Ukrainian Indices of the peripheral blood and bone marrow and changes in body weight and spleen weight were studied in healthy rats and rats with a carcinoma irradiated with a dose of 600 r Severe hypoplasia of the bone marrow was detected, under which the recovery processes were weakly pronounced and did not lead to restoration of hemopoeisis The degree of radiation damage in the tumoral animals was more significant than in healthy ones irradiated with an equal dose, and led to their death Use of an oxygen-vitamin complex effected an enhancement of recovery processes in the bone marrow of lymphoid tissue, which manifested itself as an earlier and more intensive restoral of the cell content of the bone marrow, indices of the peripheral blood, and spleen weight The effect was most pronounced in animals with intertwined tumors P T H A76-36654 ;;' Method for automatic recording of heart rhythm with the use of standard electronic equipment (Metodika 238 A76 36879 avtomatichnoi reestratsn ntmu sertsia iz zastosuvanniam semnoi radioelektronnoi aparatun) 0 O Vernigor, A M Podgurs'kii, D G Rotenberg, 2. I Kaloev, and K G Takhchi (Knvs'ku Okruzhnn Viis'kovn Gospital', Kiev, Ukrainian SSR) Fiziologichnn Zhurnal, vol 22, May-June 1976, p 420,421 7 refs In Ukrainian A method for completely automatic analysis of heart rhythm is described, whose chief merit lies in the use of common, com- mercially produced instruments for recording the dynamic series of the ECG R R intervals It is recommended that the equipment be used for studying the slow heart rhythms when in the analysis use is made of a compression intervalogram with compression factor of 10, 100, or more that can be recorded for a protracted period of time (1 10 hours) PTH A76-36751 The search for life on Mars R Lewm New Scientist, vol 71, July 1, 1976. p 26, 27 The Vikmg-1 and -2 will carry out duplicate sets of experiments designed to detect life or vestiges of life on Mars A pyrolytic release test will be performed to detect uptake and metabolism of carbon dioxide by microbes A soil sample will be exposed to radioactively labeled carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide under an argon lamp for five days, after which the gases are to be driven off and the sample heated to release any carbon incorporated into organic compounds by microorganisms A gas exchange experiment will detect any changes in the composition of the gaseous medium surrounding an incubated soil specimen, which is either moistened with water or bathed in an aqueous mixture of nutrients of the type typically used for the growth of terrestrial microbes The third experiment will determine whether simple, radioactively labeled organic nutrients are metabolized by microbes during an incubation period The Viking biology experiments have seveie limitations due to the sample size and the lack of mobility of the lander C K D A76-36809 An investigation of spatial frequency charac- teristics of the complex receptive fields in the visual cortex of the cat V D Glezer, A M Kuperman, V A Ivanov, and T A Shcherbach (Akademna Nauk SSSR, Institut Fiziologn, Leningrad, USSR) Vision Research, vol 16, no 8, 1976, p 789-797 24 refs A76-36810 Adjacency and attention as determiners of perceived motion W C Gogel and J D Tietz (California, University, Santa Barbara, Calif ) Vision Research, vol 16, no 8, 1976, p 839-845 19 refs Research supported by the University of California, Grant No PHS-MH 15651 Motion induction was investigated as a function of depth adjacency and attention Moving induction objects producing oppos- ing induction effects in a test object were presented simultaneously at different distances in the visual field with the apparent distance of the test object varied relative to the induction objects In agreement with the adjacency principle, it was found that separating the test and induction object in apparent depth decreased the induction effect Instructions to attend to one and to ignore the other induction object while looking at the test object clearly modified the induction effect and accounted for about half of the total effect produced by depth adjacency The results are discussed in terms of the measurement of attention and the ability to perceptually organize the visual world (Author) A76-36811 Linked changes in spatial integration, size discrimination, and increment threshold with change in background diameter L Matin and A Kornheiser (Columbia University, New York, N Y ) Vision Research, vol 16, no 8, 1976, p 847 860 50 refs NSF Grant No BMS-73 01463, Grant No PHS-2 R01-EY 00375 The degree to which increment threshold and spatial integration are governed by a common mechanism was investigated The effect of increasing the background diameter on the relation between the area of a test stimulus and the energy required for detection of a luminance increment was studied in two experiments, a third examined the influence of changes in the background diameter in size discrimination for barely detectable flashes The well known reduction of increment threshold with an increase of background diameter was shown to be markedly attenuated with large test flashes, reflecting a decrease of the distance over which spatial integration extends These effects are accompanied by an improve- ment in size discrimination between equally detectable flashes A theory is developed on the basis of these results in which 'parcelling' of the central region of the background is assumed to be produced by the outer annular region of the large background, giving a smaller effective background for each flash Parcellation may be interpreted within the context of either a single- or multichannel mechanism C K D A7636812 Short term memory for symmetry J H Hogben, J Ross (Western Australia, University, Nedlands, Australia), and B Julesz (Bell Telephone Laboratories, Inc , Murray Hill, N J ) Vision Research, vol 16, no 8, 1976, p 861-866 Australian Research Grants Committee Grant No A68/6810 Symmetric cascades of dots were generated in a continuous random sequence such that each dot had a partner reflected about a vertical or horizontal axis, respectively Between each point and its partner a temporal delay was introduced While the brightness of the dots appeared constant within 120-140 msec, symmetry perception ceased at delays in the range of 50-90 msec, depending on observers, type of symmetry and plotting rate These findings in conjuction with three control studies suggest that memory span for position information is limited to 50-90 msec while memory for brightness information lasts for 120-140 msec Perturbation experiments (with no delay) in which a certain proportion of dots had no symmetrical partner were compared with the delay experiments for equal performance, and equivalence curves between delay and perturbation rate were obtained While performance depended on the type of symmetry and plotting rate, the shape of equivalence curves remained unchanged (Author) A76-36874 # In an unforeseen circumstance (V neshtatnoi situatsu) N Fefelov Aviatsna i Kosmonaviika, May 1976, p 40,41 In Russian The ability of a cosmonaut to deal effectively with an unforeseen circumstance in the mission regime (such as a mechanical failure) depends on the type of ground training that he has received and on his state of mental and physical health Prospective cosmonauts should be given experience in training in carrying out flight related tasks during prolonged periods of activity without sleep Experimental results have shown that the most hazardous period in a two-day continuous work stretch is the end of the first day through the beginning of the second Measures should be taken at this point to counteract the adverse effects of prolonged sleeplessness In the case of the abortive Apollo 13 manned lunar mission, artificial stimulants were prescribed Experiments have indicated that the use of hypnosis to induce an illusion of being well rested can improve performance in flight tasks C K D A76-36879 # EKG-studies concerning an early recognition of the heart-circulation diseases and the condition of the flying personnel (EKG-Untersuchungen zur Fruherkennung von Herz- Kreislauf-Krankheiten und des Konditionszustandes beim fliegenden Personal) J Wirth and W E Hempel (Ministenum fur Verkehrs- wesen, Berlin, East Germany) Technisch okonomische Information der zivilen Luftfahrt, vol 12, no 2, 1976, p 9599 13 refs In German The possibility of an occurrence of aircraft accidents which are caused by the effects of a heart circulation disorder in a pilot makes it very important to examine the condition of the respective physical systems of a pilot An investigation was conducted with the objective to determine the suitability of a one-stage stress test for this examination The investigation included the conduction of one-stage and multistage stress tests with 35 male pilots The investigation 239 A76-36880 shows that the one-stage stress test can be used to enhance significantly the information obtained in routine studies G R A76-36880 ft The behavior of the retina vessels under hypoxy conditions (Das Verhalten der Netzhautgefasse unter Hy- poxiebedingungen) K U Obdekamp and I Lehwess Litzmann (Mmisterium fur Verkehrswesen, Berlin, East Germany) Techmsch- okonomische Information der zivilen Luftfahrt, vol 12, no 2,1976, p 100-103 l lrefs In German An investigation was conducted concerning the effect which a decrease in oxygen concentration from 21% at the ground to 11% at an altitude of 5000 m will produce on the retinal vessels Photographs of the retina of 60 persons were obtained, taking into account the condition of the retina at the ground, after a subjection to the conditions at an altitude of 5000 m for a time of 5 minutes, and again after a subjection to hypoxy conditions for 25 minutes Measurements of vessel dimensions were conducted with the aid of the photographs, giving attention to seven parameters The effect of the hypoxy conditions on the parameters is discussed It is pointed out that the age of the person had no effect on the results obtained for the seven retina parameters G R A76-36889 ff Changes in the synovial membrane and in the articular cartilage after intense movement V Vasilev, N Vidinov, and A Mishankov (Vissh Meditsmski Institut, Sofia, Bulgaria) Bolgarskaia Akademna Nauk, Doklady, vol 29, no 4, 1976, p 591-594 10refs The morphology of the articular elements under conditions of intense movement was studied experimentally using 35 Wistar rats which had one of their rear legs amputated at the upper third of the leg bone Experiments were carried out by means of a treadmill with the rats moving on the belt at a speed of 750 m/h for different periods of time (1 to 6 h) Optical and electron microscopy were performed on the knee joint of the intact limb after exercise, with the amputated limb used as a control Results indicate that the higher functional loading of the pint causes changes in the fine structure of the synovial membrane and of the articular cartilages Changes in the cytoplasm of the chondrocytes from the middle layer of the cartilage are indicative of higher activity by the cells, while changes in the surface layer have an effect on increased friction which leads to disturbed nutrition and to the removal of some of the cells adjacent to the articular cavity 8 J A76-36896 Hypoxia Contributions during the years 1932-1972 (Hypoxie Beitrage aus den Jahren 1932-1972) F Buchner Berlin, Sprmger-Verlag, 1975 480 p In German and English $2790 Investigations related to coronary insufficiency and acute hypoxia of the myocardium are examined, taking into account the role of the myocardium in angina pectons, the characteristics and possible causes of angina pectons, the infarction of the heart and disseminated necroses of the myocardium, defects of the myo- cardium produced by coronary insufficiency, and chronic hypertoma as a factor in the origin of arteriosclerosis Studies of cardiac hypertrophy and heart insufficiency are also reported, giving attention to the pathological anatomy of heart insufficiency, the quality morphology of heart failures, and the causes and con- sequences of chronic pulmonal hypertoma Topics in the areas of hypoxemia, hypoxia, and hypoxidosis are also considered and malformations produced by temporary respiratory disturbances of the embryonic metabolism are discussed G R A76-36897 In vitro contractility of the hypertrophied right ventricle of rats with pulmonary hypertension due to confine- ment in'hypoxic cages' D Kentera and M Zdravkovic (Institute for Medical Research, Belgrade, Yugoslavia) Pftugers Arch/v, vol 363, no 3, 1976, p 235-238 18refs Research supported by the Medical Research Foundation of Serbia Four weeks' confinement of rats in individual airtight cages with walls of defined permeability for respiratory gases induced hypoxic pulmonary hypertension and right ventricular hypertrophy Param- eters of isometric contractility of strips of hypertrophied right myocardium did not show significant changes when compared with the parameters of the motropic state of slices of normal right ventricle (Author) A76-36933 * The Viking mission search for life on Mars H P Klein (NASA, Ames Research Center, Mountain View, Cali f) , J Lederberg (Stanford University, Stanford, Calif ), A Rich (MIT, Cambridge, Mass ), N H Horowitz (California Institute of Technol ogy, Pasadena, Calif ), V I Oyama, and G V Levin (Biosphencs, Inc. Rockville, Md ) Nature, vol 262, July 1, 1976, p 24-27 16 refs The scientific payload on the Viking Mars landers is described Shortly after landing, two facsimile cameras capable of stereoscopic imaging will scan the landing site area in black and white, color, and infrared to reveal gross evidence of past or present living systems A wide ra..ge mass spectrometer will record a complete mass spectrum for soil samples from mass 12 to mass 200 every 103 sec Three experiments based on different assumptions on the nature of life on Mars, if it exists, will be carried out by the bio-lab A pyrolytic release experiment is designed to measure photosynthetic or dark fixation of carbon dioxide or carbon monoxide into organic compounds A labelled release experiment will test for metabolic activity during incubation of a surface sample moistened with a solution of radioactively labelled simple organic compounds A gas exchange experiment will detect changes in the gaseous medium surrounding a soil sample as the result of metabolic activity The hardware, function, and terrestrial test results of the bio-lab- expenments are discussed C K D A76-36960 Step increment versus constant load tests for determination of maximal oxygen uptake B A Stamford (Louis ville. University, Louisville, Ky ) European Journal of Applied Physiology, vol 35, no 2, 1976, p 89-93 13 refs Research supported by the University of Louisville A76-36961 The adipokmetic effect of hyperthermic stress m man D 0 Eddy, K E Sparks, and C L Turner (Ball State University, Muncie, Ind ) European Journal of Applied Physiology, vol 35, no 2, 1976, p 103-110 21 refs Research supported by the Ball State University Experiments were conducted to study the effect of heat stress and dehydration on alteration of serum free fatty acid (FFA) concentrations in subjects exposed to heat stress m an environment chamber in two situations involving dehydration and rehydration, respectively Blood samples were analyzed for FFA, glucose, and lactic acid It is found that hyperthermia accompanied by dehydra tion results in markedly elevated serum FFA concentrations and that if rehydration is concurrent with heat stress the degree of FAA mobilization is less pronounced During both conditions a moderate increase in serum glucose is noted Cardiovascular stress degree indicated by heart rate shows a significant increase related linearly with core tempeiature The control mechanisms involved should be identified by further investigations S D A76-36962 Oxygen deficit and repayment in submaximal exercise D F McMiken (Texas, University, Austin, Tex ) European Journal of Applied Physiology, vol 35, no 2, 1976, p 127136 23 refs Treadmill running tests were performed on 30 healthy subjects to study the effect of work duration and intensity on the oxygen deficit-repayment ratio and to re-examine the relative efficiencies of anaerobic and aerobic processes during exercise Each subject performed a submaximal running test and a test of maximal aerobic power An active baseline was used from which deficit and repayment values were calculated The regression analysis presented may be interpreted as if subject had the same body weight and 240 A76-37069 performed the same workload Findings regarding the oxygen deficit and repayment relationship confirm earlier studies where oxygen repayment after exercise was observed to exceed calculated oxygen deficit by about 50% These results imply that anaerobic work is less efficient in terms of energy exchange than aerobic work, since the total oxygen consumption (including oxygen repayment) is in- creased The extent of oxygen repayment after exercise is mainly dependent on the physiological intensity of the work and the absolute workload S D A76-37062 * Changes in glucose, insulin, and growth hor- mone levels associated with bedrest J Vernikos-Danellis, C S Leach, C M Wmget, A L Goodwin, and P C Rambaut (NASA, Ames Research Center, Biomedical Research Div , Moffett Field, Calif , NASA, Johnson Space Center, Houston, Tex ) Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine, vol 47, June 1976, p 583587 26 refs Changes in plasma glucose, insulin, and growth hormone (H(jH) resulting from exposure to 56 d of bedrest were determined in ftve healthy young male subjects Changes in the daily levels of these factors for each subject were expressed as the mean of six blood samples per 24-h period The level of HGH dropped after 10 d of bedrest, then showed a 1 5-fold increase at 20 d and subsequently decreased gradually reaching levels of 2 5 mg/ml/24 h, well below pre-bedrest controls of 4 2 mg/ml/24 h, by the 54th d In spite of a marked increase in the daily plasma insulin levels during the first 30 d of bedrest, glucose levels remained unchanged Beyond 30 d of bedrest, insulin began decreasing toward pre-bedrest levels and glucose followed with a similar reduction to below the control levels of 75 mg/100 ml/24 h on day 54 The daily mean changes reflect a change in the amplitude of the diurnal variation The daily peak in plasma insulin shifted proqressively to the late evening during the bedrest period (Author) proportion of the subjects Sinus arrhythmia and/or sinus tachy cardia was observed in 3 out of 10 persistently bradycardic individuals Different aspects of continuous electrocardiogram mom toring under rigorous field conditions are discussed C K D A76-37065 Water exchange in rats exposed to cold, hypoxia, and both combined M J Fregly, E L Nelson, Jr, and P E Tyler (Florida, University, Gainesville, Fla) Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine, vol 47, June 1976, p 600-607 52 refs Contract No N00014 75-C-0199 A76-37066 Effects of mevmphos /Phosdrm/ on unit dis- charge patterns in avian hippocampus A M Revzm (FAA, Civil Aeromedical Institute, Oklahoma City, Okla ) Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine, vol 47, June 1976,.p 608611 14 refs Low doses of the acetylcholmesterase inhibitors, mevmphos and physostigmme, reduce hippocampal inhibitory phenomena, measured in terms of the duration of the poststimulus inhibitory pause seen in individual hippocampal neurones in the pigeon The cholmergic antagonist, atropine, increased hippocampal inhibition At near threshold doses, mevmphos could, in part, reverse atropihe effects At higher doses, mevmphos synergized with atropine In the discussion, it is suggested that any organophosphate or carbamate pesticide and its antidote, atropine, may alter 'attention' or 'short term memory' through effects on hippocampus at doses too low to induce grossly detectable peripheral symptomatology Ex- treme caution in the use or handling of these compounds by aerial applicators is urged Since the effects of atropine and mevmphos can synergize, the use of atropine to permit poisoned applicators to resume activity is questioned (Author) A76-37063 Effect of a 22-day space flight on the lym- phoid organs of rats G N Durnova, A S Kaplansku, and V V Portugalov (Ministry of Health of USSR, Institut of Biomedical Problems, Moscow, USSR) Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine, vol 47, June 1976, p 588-591 8 refs The effect of a 22-d space flight on the lymphoid organs of rats has been investigated It has been shown that the flight leads to hypoplasia of lymphoid organs, the spleen and thytnus weight decreasing very noticeably Histological, morphometric, and cyto- logical examinations have demonstrated that hypoplasia of the spleen occurs due to a reduction of the number of lymphocytes and erythroid cells and hypoplasia of the thymus and lymph nodes due to a decrease of the lymphocyte number Changes found in the lymphoid organs of the flight rats are reversible and the structure of lymphoid organs recovers 27 d postflight Pathogenetic mechanisms of the changes developing in lymphoid organs of rats under the influence of space flight are discussed The animal data are compared with the results of postflight medical examinations of astronauts (Author) A76-37064 High altitude, indigenous origin, and contin- uous cardiac monitoring S A Barton, W J Schull (Texas, University, Health Science Center, Houston, Tex ), V Lenart, F Munllo (Universidad Bohviana, La Paz, Bolivia), H Palomino (University of Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile), and W Weidman (Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn ) Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine, vol 47, June 1976, p 592596 18 refs Grants No NIHHL-15614, No NIH GM 19513 Following thorough physical examinations with special atten- tion to the cardiovascular system, pulmonary function, and blood studies, the heart function of 18 individuals acclimated to altitudes in excess of 12,500 ft was monitored by electrocardiogram during a 7 hour period of normal activity Findings support earlier observa tions that left ventricular electrical dominance is less common at high altitudes than at sea level Bradycardia was noted in a high A76-37067 Human and nonhuman operators in manual control systems J A Bachman, R J Jaeger, and T J Newsom (USAF, School of Aerospace Medicine, Brooks AFB, Tex ) Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine, vol 47, June 1976, p 612617 7 refs The performance of human and rhesus monkey operators in a single axis compensatory manual control system was compared Bode plots of the operators' describing functions were remarkably similar, and all results were stable and reproducible throughout all trials These results indicate that extrapolation from monkey to human performance can be made for behavioral studies involving some tasks under conditions proscribing the use of human subjects C K D A76-37068 Effects of organophosphate pesticides and other drugs on subcortical mechanisms of visual integration A M Revzm (FAA, Civil Aeromedical Institute, Oklahoma City, Okla ) Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine, vol 47, June 1976, p 627629 10 refs Atropine, scopolamme, mevmphos, and eserme selectively block directional sensitivity of visual integrative neurones m the thalamus Cholmergic drugs that do not penetrate the blood brain barrier are without effect The neurones studied are important links in reflex brain systems controlling visual attention and eye movements The results suggest that any cholmergic drug that can get into the brain will disturb visual functions Since the changes are qualitative and the system is reflex, the affected individual may be unaware of dysfunction The resultant dangers to aerial applicator personnel are discussed, particularly with respect to atropine, which is necessary in the therapy of organophosphate and carbamate poisoning but is potentially harmful if self administered for either prophylaxis or treatment (Author) A76-37069 Interrelation of atmospheric ozone and cho- lecalciferol /Vitamin D3/ production in man J F Leach, A R Pmgstone, K A Hall, F J Ensell (British Aircraft Corp, Ltd , 241 A76-37070 Bristol, England), and J L Burton (British Aircraft Corp , Ltd , Bristol Royal Infirmary, Bristol, England) Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine, vol 47, June 1976, p 630633 21 refs Mean atmospheric ozone levels have increased steadily in the last 25 years, and this is likely to have decreased the amount of UVR reaching the earth's surface Vitamin D3 formation in man depends on the UV irradiation of a precursor in the skin, and so we have used a computer, and the action spectrum for D3 production, to calculate the probable reduction in vitamin 03 formed by the human skin as a result of the increased ozone levels We estimate that in the period from 1951 to 1972 the total vitamin D accumulation by the body might have thus been reduced by 15% (Author) A76-37070 Effects of low-intensity ultrasound on the central nervous system of primates J H Hu and W D Ulrich (Howard University, Washington, D C ) Aviation, Space, and Envi- ronmental Medicine, vol 47, June 1976, p 640-643 16 refs Navy supported research The brains of anesthetized squirrel monkeys were exposed to 2 25 to 5 MHz ultrasound at low intensities (average power from 3 mW/sq cm to 09 W/sq cm) The exposure produced evoked potentials recorded by EEC electrodes chronically implanted in the midline parietal region Computer analysis of the waveforms showed that ultrasound produced a transient upward shift in both the peak frequency and in its amplitude Complete adaptation occurred with 3 mm of continuous exposure to either continuous wave or pulsed irradiation (Author) A76-37071 Effect of electromagnetic pulse on avoidance behavior and electroencephalogram of a rhesus monkey J L Mattsson and S A Oliva (U S Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Bethesda, Md ) Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine, vol 47, June 1976, p 644-648 19 refs vol 38, July 1976, p 3437 10 refs Grant No NIH HL 17669 Quantitative evaluation of echocardiographic studies has hereto- fore required time consuming manipulation of mathematical formu- las A simple method utilizing a sonic digitizing tablet has been developed for computer aided analysis of M mode echocardiograms This device can convert a point located manually with a digitizing pen into X and Y coordinates and with use of the standard telephone network can communicate on a time shared basis with a DECSYSTEM-10 computer A program has been written to compute and type the results of standard calculations involving mitral valve motion and left ventricular function The information can also be stored on disk by the computer for future use This simple, relatively inexpensive system is valuable because of the ease with which it permits usually laboriously obtained information to be extracted from the standard echocardiogram (Author) A76-37278 A general cardiovascular risk profile - The Framingham Study W B Kannel, D McGee, and T Gordon (National Institutes of Health, National Heart and Lung Institute, Bethesda, Md ) American Journal of Cardiology, vol 38, July 1976, p 46-51 8 refs The paper describes a single risk function for predicting several different cardiovascular diseases and evaluates its efficiency in identifying persons most likely to have these cardiovascular diseases and consequently most m need of preventive care The 10 percent of persons identified with use of this function as at highest risk accounted for about one fifth of the 8 year incidence of coronary heart disease and about one third of the 8 year incidence of atherothrombotic brain infarction, hypertensive heart disease and intermittent claudication Hence the function provides an economic and efficient method of identifying persons at high cardiovascular risk who need preventive treatment and persons at low risk who need not be alarmed about one moderately elevated risk characteristic (Author) A76-37072 Hypoxia and auditory thresholds P R Burkett and W F Perrm (U S Navy, Naval Regional Medical Center, Oakland, Calif ) Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine, vol 47, June 1976, p 649 651 13 refs Navy supported research This paper reports the effects of hypoxia on hearing Pure tone hearing and speech discrimination were tested at ground level and during hypoxic states at simulated altitudes of 4600 m (15,000 ft) and 6100 m (20,000 ft) in a high altitude chamber Pure tone hearing was not significantly altered during hypoxia produced by this method Speech discrimination showed alterations, possibly due to central nervous system hypoxia It was concluded that hypoxia does not cause significant deterioration of hearing for pure tones (Author) A76-37073 Biochemistry and hematology of decom- pression sickness - A case report M J Jacey, E Heyder, R A Williamson, and D V Tappan (U S Navy, Naval Submarine Medical Research Laboratory, Groton, Conn ) Aviation, Space, and Environ- mental Medicine, vol 47, June 1976, p 657661 17refs A76-37075 * Physiologic and anti-G suit performance data from YF-16 flight tests K K Gillmgham (USAF, School of Aerospace Medicine, Brooks AFB, Tex ) and W R Winter (NASA, Flight Research Center, Edwards, Calif) Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine, VQ\ 47, June 1976, p 672,673 Biomedical data were collected during high-G portions of 11 YF 16 test flights Test pilots monitored revealed increased respira- tory rate and volume, decreased tidal volume, and increased heart rate at higher G levels, with one pilot exhibiting various cardiac arrhythmias Anti-G suit inflation and pressunzation lags varied inversely with G onset rate, and suit pressunzation slope was near the design value (Author) A76-37277 Simple method for computer-aided analysis of echocardiograms S I Saffer, J V Nixon, and D J Mishelevich (Texas, University, Dallas, Tex ) American Journal of Cardiology, A76-37294 * Effect of species on relative toxicity of pyrolysis products C J Hilado, W H Marcussen, A Furst (San Francisco, University, San Francisco, Calif ),and H A Leon (NASA, Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif ) Journal of Combustion Toxicology, vol 3, May 1976, p 125-134 20 refs Grant No NsG-2039 One of the principal factors in animal toxicity studies is the choice of animal species A limited study of the relative toxicity of the pyrolysis products from cotton and wool indicated that values of concentrations and doses required to produce death in 50% of the test animals obtained with Swiss albino mice were approximately one-half the values obtained with Sprague-Dawley rats The toxicity of cotton relative to that of wool was the same using Swiss albino mice or Sprague-Dawley rats Rankings of relative toxicity appear to be more sensitive to differences in apparatus and procedure than to mterspecies differences (Author) A76-37296 * A study of the toxicology of pyrolysis gases from synthetic polymers W Young (San Jose State University, San Jose, Calif), C J Hilado (San Francisco, University, San Francisco, Calif ), D A Kourtides, and J A Parker (NASA, Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif) Journal of Combustion Toxicology, vol 3, May 1976, p 157-165 6 refs An apparatus and procedure for evaluating the toxicity of pyrolysis gases from synthetic polymers are described In each test, four Swiss albino mice are exposed in a 5-liter chamber to the gases from materials pyrolyzed at 700 C The apparatus is simple in design, easy to clean, inexpensive and gives reproducible results Data on several fluorine-containing and polyamide polymers are presented (Author) A76-37297 An animal exposure test system for large scale fire tests J G Gaume (Douglas Aircraft Corp , Long Beach, Calif ) Journal of Combustion Toxicology, vol 3, May 1976, p 166-188 6 refs An animal exposure test system has been designed and fabri-' 242 A76-37806 cated for collecting physiological and environmental (temperature) data from animal subjects exposed to combustion gases in large-scale fire tests The system consists of an open wire mesh and a two-compartment cage, one containing an exercise wheel for small rodents and the other containing one rat instrumented externally for electrocardiogram (EGG) and respiration Cage temperature is mea- sured by a thermistor located in the upper portion of the rat compartment The temperature range recorded is 10 C to 100 C Endpomts observed are bradycardia, cardiac arrhythmias, changes in respiratory pattern, respiratory arrest, and cardiac arrest The ECG record is also a good method of monitoring animal activity as indicated by an increase in noise on the record during increased activity of the torso musculature Examples of the recordings are presented and discussed as to their significance regarding toxicity of fire gases (Author) A76-37299 /? Medical examination of ground-based spe- cialists in military-transport aviation (Meditsmskoe obsledovame nazemnykh aviatsionnykh spetsiahstov voenno-transportnoi aviatsn) K V Kurdiaev, P G Kozacha, I R Grishm, V V Pekshev, K V Seliverstov, and A S Stefanov Voenno-Meditsinskn Zhurnal, Apr 1976, p 58-60 In Russian Possible changes affecting the cardio vascular and nervous systems and aural function of ground-based specialists servicing military transport aircraft as the result of their professional duties were investigated Immediately following work on heavy military transport aircraft in an aerodrome, many of the subjects complained of noise in the ears, headaches, and fatigue Increased pulse rates and blood pressure were observed in a significant percentage of the subjects The abdominal reflex was lowered in 25% of the subjects, and there was evidence of the development of functional cortical pyramid insufficiency in a number of cases It is recommended that ground specialists servicing heavy military transport aircraft be carefully monitored for the development of hearing loss and for hypertension, ulcers, and other stress related conditions C K D A76-37300 ;/ Early signs of coronary arteriosclerosis in pilots (Rannie priznaki koronarnogo ateroskleroza u letchikov) A K Ushmarov, G I Sholokhova, and G V Somov Voenno- Meditsmskii Zhurnal, Apr 1976, p 65,66 In Russian Thorough physical examinations, including 12 lead electro cardiograms, glucose tolerance tests, determination of cholesterol level, and studies of the sulfhydril levels in blood serum proteins, were conducted on a group of pilots and technicians and repeated after a period of eight years It was found that clinical symptoms of cardiac insufficiency develop suddenly in pilots, without previous warning Early signs of coronary arteriosclerosis, including changes in the ECG, are frequently transient Pain due to angina pectons may be forgotten by the patient between examinations On the basis of these observations, it is strongly recommended that flight crews be examined for symptoms of cardiovascular illness yearly, and that specific inquiries be made to determine whether any pain in the chest region has been experienced C K D A76-37344 /? Role of the hypothalamus hypophysis region and the sympathoadrenal system in the organism responses in extremal /stress/ situations (RoT gipotalamo-gipofizarnoi oblasti i simpatoadrenalovoi sistemy v reaktsnakh orgamzma pn ekstremal'- nykh /stressornykh/ situatsnakh) A V Tonkikh (Akademna Nauk SSSR, Institut Fiziologn, Leningrad, USSR) Uspekhi Fiziologi cheskikh Nauk, vol 7, Apr June 1976, p 3-12 99 refs In Russian An examination of experimental findings along with relevant literature data reveals that the hypothalamus-hypophysis region constitutes an interface between the central nervous system and the endocrine system and is of prime importance in regulating the organism responses in stress situations It is shown that this interface activates, through the sympathoadrenal system, the adaptive and defensive resources of the organism S D A76-37345 !• Metabolism of catecholammes under physical load in man and animals (Obmen katekholammov pri fizicheskoi nagruzke u cheloveka i zhivotnykh) E Sh Matlma and G N Kassil' (Vsesoiuznyi Nauchno-lssledovatel'skn Institut Fizicheskoi Kul'tury, Moscow, USSR) Uspekhi Fiziologicheskikh Nauk, vol 7, Apr June 1976, p 13-42 185 refs In Russian The paper presents a review of experimental results and available literature data on the variations of cathecholammes in the blood and urine of trained humans and animals during physical work of varying duration and intensity Particular attention is given to the changes occurring in the synthesis, storage, and metabolism of catechol- ammes in the adrenal glands, the heart, skeletal muscles, and the central nervous systems in animals under different types of physical work It is shown that activation of the sympathoadrenal system under moderate physical loads turns to depletion of functions under highly intensive and prolonged physical loads The findings disclosed several mechanisms responsible for changes in the excretion of catecholammes, their precursors and metabolites in urine and blood during physical work in man S D A76-37346 H Effect of corticosteroids on hypothala- moreticulohmbic structures of the brain (Deistvie kortikosteroidov na gipotalamo-retikulo-limbicheskie obrazovanna golovnogo mozga) N M Malyshenko (Chernovitskii Gosudarstvennyi Meditsmskn Insti- tut, Chernovtsy, Ukrainian SSR) Uspekhi Fiziologicheskikh Nauk, vol 7, Apr June 1976, p 88115 182 refs In Russian Steroid hormones have a strong effect on the functional state of the central nervous system due to the fact that they constitute a key link in the mechanism of feedback between the central nervous system and endocrine organs Results are presented on the influence of corticosteroids on the self regulation of functions in the structures of the hypothalamus and the reticulolimbic system Possible regula tory levels in the hypothalamus pituitary adrenal cortex system are identified S D A76-37553 ,- The prophylaxis of the disruption of external respiration in immersion (O profilaktike narushenn vneshnego dykhanna v immersu) lu N Kamenskn and E B Shjl'zhenko Kosmicheskie Issledovamia, vol 14, May June 1976, p 474476 9 refs In Russian Two groups of young men were subjected to immersion for 6 days, followed by 'head pelvis' overload to three units for 300 seconds In the course of immersion, one group of subjects underwent 1 5 hours of head pelvis overload daily Respiratory parameters of both groups were monitored It was found that the group subjected to 'training periods' of overload during immersion suffered less disruption of external respiration when exposed to postimmersion overload C K D A76-37806 Ventilatory response to C02 at rest and during positive and negative work in normoxia and hyperoxia M Miyamura, H T Folgering, R A Bmkhorst, F D J Smolders, and F Kreuzer (Ni|megen, Katholicke Universiteit, IMijmegen, Nether lands) Pflugers Archiv, vol 364, no 1, 1976, p 715 38 refs Research supported by the IMederlandse Orgamsatie voor Zuiver Wetenschappehjk Onderzoek Ventilation versus alveolar P(CO2) relationships were deter mined by the steady state method in 6 normal male subjects at rest and during positive and negative work at one load in both normoxic and hyperoxic condition In 5 subjects the slopes of the minute ventilation versus alveolar PIC02) lines during positive and negative work increased in normoxia as compared with rest The slopes of the minute ventilation versus alveolar P(C02) lines in positive and in negative work were about the same in both normoxic and hyperoxic conditions Major conclusions are that the disagreement between various authors on the change of the slope of the minute ventilation versus alveolar P(C02) line may be due to the differences in the method of calculation of the slope or the method of the determma tion of these lines, the stimuli from the muscle spindles in the working muscle during exercise probably do not contribute to the 243 A76-38097 increase in ventilatory response to C02, and the increased slope of the normoxic minute ventilation versus alveolar P(CO2| line during exercise may be due to the interaction of several factors (Author) A76-38097 Habitable planets - Habitable worlds (Bewohn- bare Planeten - Bewohnte Wei ten) H Lob (Giessen, Universitat, Giessen, West Germany) (Hermann-Qberth-Gesellschaft, Raumfahrt- kongress, 24th, Garmisch-Partenkirchen. West Germany, Oct 2-5, /975> Astronautik, vol 13, May-June 1976, p 31-33 5 refs In German An investigation is conducted concerning the possibility of extraterrestrial life, taking into account questions regarding the existence of other planetary systems, the probability of their habitability, and the likelihood of a development of primitive or intelligent life on the habitable planets It is found that under certain assumptions close to 1% of the stars might have habitable planets A number of uncertain factors related to the origin of life and of civilizations, however, makes it impossible to arrive at a reasonable estimate regarding the probability to encounter another advanced civilization in attempts designed to establish contact with extraterres- trial intelligent beings G R 244 N76 26792 STAR ENTRIES N76-26786*# Kanner (Leo) Associates Redwood City Calif CHANGES IN THE RESISTANCE OF ANIMALS DURING •KOSMOS 60S AND 782' BIOSATELLITE EXPERIMENTS L V Serova Washington NASA Jun 1976 11 p refs Transl into ENGLISH from Inst of Med and Biol Probl Ministry of Public Health USSR (Moscow) 1976 9 p (Contract NASw-2790) (NASA-TT-F-15489) Avail NTIS HC $3 50 CSCL 06C Findings are presented on clinical and physiological changes in rats after flights aboard Kosmos-605 and 782 Kosmos-605 and control rats had equal lifetimes and their descendants did not differ from the control descendants in litter size birth weight body and organ weight dynamics peripheral blood and bone marrow and resistance to anoxic anoxia Test rats from both satellites had reduced postflight motor activity which apparently facilitated readaptation to terrestrial gravity Differences between test and vivarium control rats were less in Kosmos-782 apparently due to malfunction of the Kosmos-605 life support system There were considerable individual differences in body weight, number of lymphocytes and resistance of erythrocytes to hemolysis It is concluded that maintenance of homeostasis at rest requires considerable exertion by the flight animals, and the possibility is raised that regulatory mechanisms are insufficient to maintain biological capabilities in activities under stress Author N76-26787*# Transemantics Inc . Washington. D C PRELIMINARY RESULTS OF AN EXPERIMENT WITH MAMMALS ON THE '(COSMOS 782' BIOLOGICAL SATEL- LITE N N Gurovskiy 0 G Gazenko A M Genm Ye A Ilin B A Adamovich and A A Zlatorunskiy Washington NASA Jun 1976 22 p Transl into ENGLISH from Inst of Med and Biol Probl of the USSR Ministry of Public Health (Moscow) 1976 16 p (Contract NASw-2792) (NASA-TT-F-15492) Avail NTIS HC $3 50 CSCL 06C The research results during the flight of the Kosmos-782 biological satellites are described The experiment involved the postflight examination of a large number of various representatives of the animal and vegetable kingdom after their experiencing artificial gravity created by an on-board centrifuge Data are presented concerning mechanisms of adaptation of living systems to conditions of prolonged weightlessness and to subsequent readaptation to earth gravity Author N76-26788*# Kanner (Leo) Associates Redwood City. Calif CHANGE IN EQUILIBRIUM FUNCTION AND STATIC RESISTANCE IN RATS AFTER A 20 DAY LONG FLIGHT IN THE KOSMOS 782' SATELLITE A R Kotovskaya A A Shipov G S Ayzikov and A S Markm Washington NASA Jun 1976 12 p Transl into ENGLISH from Inst of Med and Biol Probl of the USSR Ministry of Public Health. USSR (Moscow) 1976 8 p (Contract NASw-2790) (NASA-TT-F-15493) Avail NTIS HCS350 CSCL 06C Graphical data and photographs on the static resistance and equilibrium function dynamics of 12 SPF line rats as well as on ground model experiment and vivarium control animals were recorded before and after a 20 day flight in Kosmos-782 Static resistance was estimated by the time for hanging onto vertically suspended sticks and the equilibrium function by the time for leveling a see-saw on which the rats were placed The changes in static resistance are explained by the specific effect of weightlessness, compensation for which is a longer process than compensation for the holding conditions The equilibrium recovery dynamics indicate changes in the function of the vestibular apparatus Author N76-26789*# Scientific Translation Service Santa Barbara Calif CHANGES IN THE BIOCHEMICAL INDICATORS OF THE BLOOD OF RATS FOLLOWING THE FLIGHT OF THE •KOSMOS-782- BIOLOGICAL SATELLITE R A Tigranyan I A Popova, M I Belyakova N F Kalita. L B Sochilma and Ye G Tuzova Washington NASA Jun 1976 6 p Transl into ENGLISH from Inst of Med and Biological Probl Ministry of Health USSR (Moscow) 1976 p 1-3 (Contract NASw-2791) (NASA-TT-F-15490) Avail NTIS HC S3 50 CSCL 06C The results of studies conducted on male rats of the SPF line which were in space flight for 20 days aboard the Kosmos-782 biological satellite are reported Author N76-26790*# Scientific Translation Service Santa Barbara Calif MORPHOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION OF THE ORGANS AND TISSUES OF ANIMALS AFTER FLIGHT ABOARD THE •KOSMOS-782- SATELLITE V V Portugalov. Ye A Savma A S Kaplanskiy G N Durnova and A S Pankova Washington NASA Jun 1976 8 p Transl into ENGLISH from Inst of Med and Biol Probl of the USSR Ministry of Public Health Moscow (USSR) 1976 p 1-6 (Contract NASw-2791) (NASA-TT-F-15494) Avail NTIS HC $3 50 CSCL 06C A study is made of the morphological manifestations of reactions of the intact organism in response to the prolonged stay of animals under conditions of weightlessness Animals from the Kosmos-782 satellite were used Author N76-26791*# Scientific Translation Service Santa Barbara Calif ROLE OF MONOVALENT CATIONS IN THE MEMBRANE ORGANIZATION OF MODERATELY HALOPHILIC BAC- TERIA Masui Masamiki Otani Euchi and Kato Keiya Washington NASA Jun 1976 24 p refs Transl into ENGLISH from Tokyo Daigaku. Oyo Biseibutsu Kenkyujo Symp (Japan) v 11 1969 p 65-79 (Contract NASw-2791) (NASA-TT-F-17030) Avail NTIS HC $3 50 CSCt 06M The optimum growth conditions for slightly halophilic moderately halophilic and highly halophilic bacteria are reviewed, and the occurence of halophilic bacteria in nature is examined lie. in salt lakes salted meat) The optimum sodium chloride concentrations needed for growth of moderately halophilic bacteria was experimentally investigated A synthetic medium suitable for growth of the bacteria is described The wild strains of Pseudomonas sp and Micrococcus sp were chosen for study in the experimental investigation The effects of desalmization on bacterial growth and specifically the rupturing of cell membranes were studied Results indicate that cell wall ruptures occurring during desalmization happen because of sodium ion depletion The role of other ions magnesium and potassium in regulating the amount of sodium ions in the cell membranes is discussed However, results also show that the sodium ion plays no part in the prevention of cell wall rupture because of osmotic pressure changes in the plasma mambranes Data are given on the chemical composition of the cell walls of the bacteria and photographs are shown of the ruptured cell walls J R T N76-26792*# Scientific Translation Service Santa Barbara Calif A MANUAL ON THE STUDY OF BIOLOGICAL OXIDATION BY THE POLAROGRAPHIC METHOD Ye A Kovalenko Washington NASA Jun 1976 33 p refs Transl into ENGLISH from the book Rukovodstvo po Izuchemyu Biologicheskogo Okisleniya Polyarograficheskim Metodam Moscow Nauka Press, 1973 p 192-213 (Contract NASw-2791) (NASA-TT-F-17040) Avail NTIS HCS400 CSCL 06C A detailed investigation is made of the stages in P02 cascades and a diagram is given of the dynamics of CO2 in the organism Experiments to explain what happens in the blood and tissues of the brain when there is a great decrease in PCO2 in the organism are described Author 245 N76-26793 N76-26793*# Joint Publications Research Service Arlington Va NEW DATA ON ORCADIAN B IO R H YTHM ICITY OF WAKEFULNESS AND SLEEP IN VERTEBRATES I G Karmanova Washington NASA Apr 1976 9 p refs Transl into ENGLISH from Dokl Akad Nauk SSSR (Moscow), v 225 no 6 21 Dec 1975 p 1457-1460 (NASA Order W-13183' (NASA-TT-F-16986) Avail NTIS HC $3 50 CSCL 06C Data are presented on the circadian periodicity of wakefulness and sleep The material was obtained on the basis of a study of the species-specific features of diurnal periodicity in fish amphibians reptiles and birds The total duration of wakefulness and sleep at different times of the day was compared in different vertebrate species which conduct daytime and nocturnal lives The probability coefficient of the transition of one state into the other in both the daytime and nocturnal periods was determined Results are discussed J M S N76-26794 Georgia Inst of Tech Atlanta AN EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF STEADY AND PULSATILE FLOW THROUGH PARTIAL OCCLUSIONS IN A RIGID TUBE Ph D Thesis Robert Anthony Cassanova 1975 279 p Avail Univ Microfilms Order No 76-12615 Steady and pulsatile water flow through an axisymmetric constriction in a rigid tube was investigated to study the problem of subtotal vascular stenosis occurring with arteriosclerosis Dye tracers were employed to visualize the flow field structure in both steady and pulsatile flow Vortex shedding in the near distal region the break-up of the vortices into random turbulence and wall interactions were observed and photographed The sharp- edged occlusions produced flow instabilities at a lower Reynolds number than did the contoured occlusion The presence of highly turbulent flow fields distal to the modelled stenoses implies that turbulence can be a factor in the development of postenotic dilatation Slight degrees of stenosis produced detectable turbulence in pulsatile flow This fact suggests that the initial formation of occlusions could be detected long before audible turbulence is produced if more sensitive diagnostic instruments could be utilized in clinical practice Dissert Abstr N76-26795 Oklahoma Univ Norman MOTION SICKNESS SUSCEPTIBILITY VESTIBULAR AND NONVESTIBULAR CHARACTERISTICS Ph D Thesis James Michael Lentz 1975 97 p Avail Univ Microfilms Order No 76-14091 The relationships between motion sickness susceptibility and measures of nystagmus and sensations of rotation are studied Secondary areas of interest included the relationship of motion sickness susceptibility to subjective alertness and anxiety the duration of spiral aftereffect illusions and psychomotor perform- ance in vestibularly static and dynamic environments From the rotation trials it was concluded that the primary vestibular responses studied (nystagmus and sensation of rotation) were not differentially expressed in susceptible and nonsusceptible individuals The traditional notion that susceptibility is merely a reflection of the sensitivity of an individual s vestibular system was not supported The results did provide partial support for Graybiel s theory which proposes that the difference between susceptible and nonsusceptible individuals is determined either by the secondary vestibular response system (V-ll system) or by intervening factors which mediate or influence the transmission of vestibular signals to the V- l l system Dissert Abstr N76-26796 Pennsylvania Univ Philadelphia HUMAN TEMPERATURE REGULATION AND THE PERCEP- TION OF THERMAL COMFORT Ph D Thesis Raymond Clifford Hawkins 1975 163 p Avail Univ Microfilms Order No 76-12286 Human thermoregulatory reactions to internal and external sources of thermal stress were studied at three interrelated levels of measurement (1) physiological thermoregulatory reactions (sweating and shivering reports) (2) behavioral thermoregulatory reactions and (3) alternations in thermal consciousness i e. Systematic shifts in the perceived pleasantness/unpleasantness of external thermal stimuli A major aim was to test the hypothesis that thermal comfort and thermoregulatory behavior are closely related to changes in internal body temperature (a phenomenon called thermal alliesthesia) The overall findings are that (1) warmer stimulus temperatures are behaviorally preferred and perceived as pleasant as internal temperature was lowered and (2) cooler temperatures were perferred and perceived as pleasant as internal temperature was raised Dissert Abstr N76-26799*# National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Washington. D C FOUNDATIONS OF SPACE BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE VOLUME 1 SPACE AS A HABITAT Melvm Calvin ed and Oleg G Gazenko ed NASA and Acad of Sci USSR 1975 458 p refs Prepared in cooperation with Acad of Sci (USSR), Moscow Original contains color illustrations 3 Vol (NASA-SP-374-Vol-1, LC-74-600174-Vol-1) Avail NTIS MF $225 SOD HC $11 75 CSCL 06F Cosmological aspects of the universe are discussed in relation to exobiological research in the context of modern biochemistry and biophysics N76-26805* Academy of Sciences (USSR) Moscow Inst Of Microbiology BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF EXTREME ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS A A Imshenetskiy In NASA Washington Found of Space Biol and Med Vol 1 1975 p 271-320 refs CSCL 06F Actions of extreme physical and chemical space factors on microorganisms and plants are elaborated in order to establish limits for the biosphere Considered are effects of low and high temperatures ionizing and ultraviolet radiation, various gases and effects of vibration desiccation and acceleration G G N76-26806* Academy of Sciences (USSR) Moscow Inst of Biochemistry THEORETICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PREREQUISITES OF EXOBIOLOGY A I Opann In NASA, Washington Found of Space Biol and Med Vol 1 1975 p 321-367 refs CSCL 06F Evolutionary development of carbon compounds in the initial formation of life on earth is traced through two paths of nucleosynthesis one stable is related to the mechanism of stellar radiation in stable stars, and the other unstable, is related to supernovae bursts The possibility of abionic synthesis of biologically significant compounds was demonstrated in model tests for biomonomers and biopolymers G G N76-26807* Moscow State Univ (USSR) Problem Lab of Space Biology SEARCH FOR AND INVESTIGATION OF EXTRATER- RESTRIAL FORMS OF LIFE A B Rubin In NASA, Washington Found of Space Biol and Med Vol 1 1975 p 368-402 refs CSCL 06F Correct combinations of remote analytic and functional methods and measuring devices for detecting extraterrestrial life are elaborated Considered are techniques and instruments available both on earth and aboard spacecraft and artificial planetary satellites Emphasis is placed on the abiogenetic synthesis of organic compounds formed in photosynthesis on Mars G G N76-26808* National Aeronautics and Space Administration Washington D C PLANETARY QUARANTINE PRINCIPLES. METHODS. AND PROBLEMS Lawrence B Hall In its Found of Space Biol and Med Vol 1 246 N76-26817 1975 p 403-430 refs CSCL 06F Requirements for planetary quarantine programs focus on microbial life forms as the primary contamination threat carried by spacecraft to a planet or back to earth from another planet or outer space Constraints on planetary flight missions and forthcoming Martian landings are depicted G G N76-26809*# National Aeronautics and Space Administration Washington. D C FOUNDATIONS OF SPACE BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE VOLUME 2. BOOK 1 ECOLOGICAL AND PHYSIOLOGICAL BASES OF SPACE BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE Melvm Calvin, ed and Oleg G Cazenko ed NASA and Acad of Sci USSR 1975 415 p refs Prepared in cooperation with Acad of Sci (USSR) Moscow 3 Vol (NASA-SP-374-Vol-2-Bk-1 LC-74-600174-Vol-2-Bk-1) Avail NTIS MF $2 25. SOD HC $9 40 CSCL 06S Barometric pressure, gas composition, toxicity and thermal exchange of spacecraft cabin atmospheres are discussed Effects of gravitation acceleration weightlessness, noise and vibration on human behavior and performance during space flight are also described N76-26810* Ministry of Health of the USSR Moscow BAROMETRIC PRESSURE AND GAS COMPOSITION V B Mai km In NASA Washington Found of Space Biol and Med Vol 2 Bk 1 1975 p 3-64 refs CSCL 06K Many factors affecting artificial gas atmosphere which is used to maintain life during space flight are considered The wide variability of barometric pressure in spacecraft due in large measure to spacecraft design is discussed Explosive decompres- sion is described, this develops from instantaneous depressunza- tion of the cabin Decompression sickness is reviewed, including bubble growth and evolution of gas bubbles in organisms Dysbansm hypoxia. and hypercapma are also discussed JAM N76-26811* National Academy of Sciences - National Research Council Washington, D C TOXICOLOGY OF THE AIR IN CLOSED SPACES Ralph C Wands In NASA. Washington Found of Space Biol and Med, Vol 2. Bk 1 1975 p 65-93 refs CSCL 06T Sources and identification of contaminants in artificial gas atmospheres are discussed They include biological sources (microflora and man) materials processes, aerosols, and malfunctions Acute or chronic toxicity may result from spacecraft air contamination Air quality standards are presented in tabular form JAM N76-26812* Webb Associates. Yellow Springs Ohio THERMAL EXCHANGES AND TEMPERATURE STRESS Paul Webb In NASA, Washington Found of Space Biol and Med Vol 2 Bk 1 1975 p 94-126 refs CSCL 06S Thermal comfort during space flight is discussed Heat production of man during space flight and wear loss as a mean of dissipating heat are described Water cooled garments are also considered, along with tolerance for extreme heat and body heat storage Models of human temperature regulation are presented in the form of documented FORTRAN programs J A M N76-26813* California Univ Davis PRINCIPLES OF GRAVITATIONAL BIOLOGY Arthur H Smith In NASA Washington Found of Space Biol and Med Vol 2 Bk 1 1975 p 129-162 refs CSCL 06S Physical principles of gravitation are enumerated including gravitational and inertial forces weight and mass, weightlessness size and scale effects scale limits of gravitational effects and gravity as biogenic factor Statocysts otolithic organs of vertebrates gravity reception m plants and clmostat studies for gravitation orientation are reviewed Chronic acceleration is also studied as well as physiology of hyper and hypodynamic fields Responses of animals to a decreased acceleration field are examined considering postural changes work capacity growth, and physiologic deadaptation JAM N76-26814* Ministry of Health of the USSR Moscow PROLONGED LINEAR AND RADIAL ACCELERATIONS P V Vasilyev and A R Kotovskaya In NASA Washington Found of Space Biol and Med Vol 2, Bk 1 1975 p 163-213 refs CSCL 06S Overall acceleration effects on the body and man s resistance to it are presented including endurance limits acceleration tolerances and aftereffects These effects on individual body systems are described for (1) cardiovascular system, (2) respiratory system (3) vision (4) central nervous system (5) endocrine glands. (6) gastrointestinal tract and (7) renal system Work capacity effects are also noted JAM N76-26815* Air Force Systems Command Wright-Patterson AFB Ohio IMPACT ACCELERATIONS Hennmg E VonGierke and James W Brmkley In NASA Washington Found of Space Biol and Med Vol 2, Bk 1 1975 p 214-246 refs CSCL 06S The degree to which impact acceleration is an important factor in space flight environments depends primarily upon the technology of capsule landing deceleration and the weight permissible for the associated hardware parachutes or deceleration rockets inflatable air bags or other impact attenuation systems The problem most specific to space medicine is the potential change of impact tolerance due to reduced bone mass and muscle strength caused by prolonged weightlessness and physical inactivity Impact hazards tolerance limits and human impact tolerance related to space missions are described JAM N76-26816* Naval Aerospace Medical Inst Pensacola Fla ANGULAR VELOCITIES, ANGULAR ACCELERATIONS, AND CORIOLIS ACCELERATIONS Ashton Graybiel In NASA. Washington Found of Space Biol and Med Vol 2 Bk 1 1975 p 247-304 refs CSCL 06S Weightlessness rotating environment and mathematical analysis of Conolis acceleration is described for man s biological effective force environments Effects on the vestibular system are summarized including the end organs functional neurology and input-output relations Ground-based studies in preparation for space missions are examined including functional tests provacative tests adaptive capacity tests simulation studies and antimotion sickness JAM N76-26817* Federal Aviation Administration Washington DC WEIGHTLESSNESS I D Pestov (Central Aviation Hospital Moscow) and Siegfried J Gerathewohl In NASA Washington Found of Space Biol and Med Vol 2 Bk 1 1975 p 305-354 refs CSCL 06S Significance of gravitation forces in regulating homeostasis is discussed along with weightlessness effects on humans and a state of reduced weight (subgravity) such as on the moon Biomedical effects of weightlessness adaptation to zero G and readaptation to terrestr ial gravitation are described for the nervous system cardiovascular system, metabolism, and musculoskeletal system Reactions caused primarly by (1) changes in the afferent nervous system (2) lack of hydrostatic blood pressure (3) lack of weight on the musculoskeletal system, and (4) exposure limits derived from the effects of prolonged weightlessness on humans are reviewed Protection of humans from adverse effects of weightlessness is considered Skylab missions are also summarized JAM 247 N76 26818 N76-26818* Air Force Systems Command Wright-Patterson AFB Ohio NOISE AND VIBRATION Hennmg E VonGierke. Charles W Nixon and John C Guignard (Dayton Univ) In NASA Washington Found of Space Biol andMed.Vol 2 Bk 1 1975 p 355-405 refs CSCL 06S The characteristics of acoustic energy and protection of humans from noise during space flight are described Vibration characteristic factors are also discussed including the variety of vibration systems and resonance spacecraft operations biodynamics physiological and psychological effects and subjective reactions The criteria and limits for human exposure are cited JAM N76-26819*# National Aeronautics and Space Administration Washington, D C FOUNDATIONS OF SPACE BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE VOLUME 2. BOOK 2 ECOLOGICAL AND PHYSIOLOGICAL BASES OF SPACE BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE Melvm Calvin, ed and Oleg G Gazenko ed NASA and Acad of Sci USSR 1975 756 p refs Prepared in cooperation with Acad of Sci (USSR) Moscow 3 Vol (NASA-SP-374-Vol-2-Bk-2. LC-74-600174-Vol-2-Bk-2) Avail NTIS MF $225. SOD HC $880 CSCL 06S The influence on living organisms of radiant energy the psychophysical problems of space flight methods of physiological investigations in flight and the transmission of information are considered ' N76-26820* Rochester Univ N Y RADIO-FREQUENCY AND MICROWAVE ENERGIES, MAGNETIC AND ELECTRIC FIELDS Sol M Michaelson In NASA Washington Found of Space Biol and Med, Vol 2 Bk 2 1975 p 409-452 refs CSCL 06R The biological effects of radio frequency including microwave radiation are considered Effects on body temperature the eye reproductive systems, internal organs blood cells the car- diovascular system and the central nervous system are included Generalized effects of electric and magnetic fields are also discussed Experimentation with animals and clinical studies on humans are cited and possible mechanisms of the effects observed are suggested D M L N76-26821* California Univ San Diego ULTRAVIOLET, VISIBLE. AND INFRARED RAYS John H Taylor and A A Letavet (Acad of Sci USSR) In NASA Washington Found of Space Biol and Med Vol 2 Bk 2 1975 p 453-472 refs CSCL 06R Sources of infrared visible and ultraviolet radiation are discussed, and important associated biological and psychophysio- logical effects are described The problem of protection from excessively high or low levels of radiant energy in these spectral regions is considered and optimal levels are suggested Author N76-26822* California Univ Berkeley IONIZING RADIATION Cornelius A Tobias and Yu G Gngoryev (Ministry of Health USSR) In NASA Washington Found of Space Biol and Med Vol 2 Bk 2 1975 p 473-531 refs CSCL 06R The biological effects of ionizing radiation encountered in space are considered Biological experiments conducted in space and some experiences of astronauts during space flight are described The effects of various levels of radiation exposure and the determination of permissible dosages are discussed DM L N76-26823* Air Force Systems Command Brooks AFB Tex BIOLOGICAL AND PHYSIOLOGICAL RHYTHMS Hubertus Strughold and Henry B Hale In NASA Washington Found of Space Biol and Med Vol 2 Bk 2 1975 p 535-570 refs CSCL 06P Orcadian rhythms, particularly that of sleep and wakefulness are discussed The sleep-wakefulness experiences of astronauts during several space missions are described and predictions are made for future space activities, including Mars missions, interstellar flight, and life on permanent space stations D M L N76-26824* Ministry of Health of the USSR. Moscow PHYSIOLOGY OF THE SENSORY SPHERE UNDER SPACE- FLIGHT CONDITIONS Ye M Yuganov and V I Kopanev (Military Medical Acad USSR) In NASA. Washington Found of Space Biol and Med Vol 2. Bk 2 1975 p 571-599 refs CSCL 06S Information regarding the influence on sensory perception of certain space flight factors including weightlessness, accelera- tion, and vibration, is presented Several illusions which occur under these conditions are described The results of ground based experiments are also discussed D M L N76-26825* National Aeronautics and Space Administration Lyndon B Johnson Space Center, Houston Tex ASTRONAUT ACTIVITY Joseph P Loftus Jr, Robert L Bond and Rollin M Patton In its Found of Space Biol and Med Vol 2, Bk 2 1975 p 600-636 refs CSCL 06S Human factors pertinent to the design and operation of spacecraft are considered The geometric characteristics of spacecraft that define the degree and type of confinement imposed on the crew and the character of equipment management and housekeeping necessary for hygiene, comfort and safety are discussed The controls and displays of various spacecraft are described to indicate the degree to which crew functions become integral to functions of the total spacecraft The contributions of the crew to system reliability and performance are summarized and the increasing significance of the crew's role in scientific observation and experimentation is noted Author N76-26826* Academy of Sciences (USSR) Pushchmo COMBINED EFFECT OF FLIGHT FACTORS V V Antipov B I Davydov (Ministry of Health USSR), V V Verigo (Ministry of Health USSR), and Yu M Svirezhev (Ministry of Health USSR) In NASA Washington Found of Space Biol and Med Vol 2, Bk 2 1975 p 639-667 refs CSCL 06S The effects of various combinations of space flight stresses are discussed Included are weightlessness, acceleration vibration, ionizing radiation hypoxia and ambient temperature The problem of constructing mathematical models to describe the dynamics of biological systems including those to analyze and predict adaptation and restoration processes following combined stresses, is also considered D M L N76-26827* Ministry of Health of the USSR Moscow METHODS OF INVESTIGATION IN SPACE BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE. TRANSMISSION OF BIOMEDICAL DATA R M Bayevskiy and W Ross Adey (Calif Univ, Los Angeles) In NASA. Washington Found of Space Biol and Med Vol 2, Bk 2 1975 p 668-706 refs CSCL 06B Methods for in-flight monitoring of the cardiovascular system, respiratory system, vestibular system central nervous system and the musculoskeletal systems are described Methods of data / analysis are also discussed D M L 248 N76-26838 N76-26828* Ministry of Health of the USSR Moscow BIOLOGIC GUIDELINES FOR FUTURE SPACE RESEARCH G P Parfenov In NASA Washington Found of Space Biol andMed.Vol 2 Bk 2 1975 p 707-739 refs CSCL 068 Biological experiments conducted onboard balloons, rockets, and spacecraft are described The effects of aerospace environ- ments on microorganisms plants and invertebrate animals were examined 0 M L N76-26829*# National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Washington D C FOUNDATIONS OF SPACE BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE VOLUME 3 SPACE MEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY Melvin Calvin ed and Oleg G Gazenko ed NASA and Acad of Sci USSR 1975 542 p refs Prepared in cooperation with Acad of Sci (USSR). Moscow 3 Vol (NASA-SP-374-Vol-3. LC-74-600174-Vol-3) Avail NTIS MF $225, SOD HC $11 00 CSCL 06K The results of medical and biological research in space are presented Specific topics discussed include methods of providing life support systems for astronauts characteristics of integrated life support systems protection against adverse factors of space flight selection and traminn of astronauts and future space biomedical research N76-26830* California Umv Berkeley BASIC DATA FOR PLANNING LIFE-SUPPORT SYSTEMS Doris Howes Calloway In NASA, Washington Found of Space Biol and Med Vol 3 1975 p 3-21 refs CSCL 06K Nutritional, physiological and metabolic requirements of terrestrial man are briefly reviewed in terms of manned space flight Emphasis is placed on designing life-support systems based on experiences and accumulated data from actual space missions J M S N76-26831* Military Medical Academy (USSR) Leningrad Lab of Nutrition FOOD AND WATER SUPPLY; I G Popov In NASA Washington Found of Space Biol and Med Vol 3 1975 p 22-55 refs CSCL 06K Supplying astronauts with adequate food and water on short and long-term space flights is discussed based on experiences gained in space flight Food consumption, energy requirements and suitability of the foodstuffs for space flight are among the 'factors considered Physicochemical and biological methods of food production and regeneration of water from astronaut metabolic wastes as well as wastes produced in a closed ecological system or as a result of technical processes taking place in various spacecraft systems are suggested for long-term space flights J M S N76-26832* Ministry of Health of the USSR Moscow Ir-st of Biomedical Problems AIR REGENERATING AND CONDITIONING B G Gnshayenkov In NASA. Washington Found of Space Biol and Med. Vol 3 1975 p 56-110 refs CSCL 06K Various physicochemical methods of regenerating and conditioning air for spacecraft are described with emphasis on conditions which affect efficiency of the system Life support systems used in closed hermetically sealed environments are discussed with references to actual application in the Soviet Soyuz and Voskhod manned spacecraft Temperature and humidity control, removal of carbon dioxide, oxygen regeneration, and removal of bacteria and viruses are among the factors consid- ered J M S N76-26833* Ministry of Health of the USSR Moscow Inst of Biomedical Problems CLOTHING AND PERSONAL HYGIENE A M Finogenov, A N Azhayev and G V Kaliberdin In NASA 'Washington Found of Space Biol and Med Vol 3 1975 p 111-130 refs CSCL 06K The biomedical maintenance of astronauts is discussed in terms of personal hygiene Principal characteristics and general requirements are described which must be followed in perfecting a system of hygienic practices and in devising means to maintain personal hygiene flight clothing underwear, bedding, and medical-domestic equipment for manned space flights of varying durations Factors discussed include disposable cloth- ing thermal protection, oral hygiene cleansing of the skin and grooming of the hair J M S N76-26834* Ministry of Health of the USSR Moscow Inst of Biomedical Problems ISOLATION AND REMOVAL OF WASTE PRODUCTS V V Borshchenko In NASA. Washington Found of Space Biol andMed.Vol 3 1975 p 131-156 refs CSCL 06K Methods of isolation and elimination of waste products in spacecraft cabins are described The role of waste products in the environment, collection and transport of waste products to storage containers or to recovery systems preservation of waste products and storage and removal of waste products are among the factors discussed Regeneration of the waste products to recover water and/or oxygen, is briefly considered J M S N76-26835* Ministry of Health of the USSR. Moscow Inst of Biomedical Problems HABITABILITY OF SPACECRAFT Yu A Petrov In NASA. Washington Found of Space Biol and Med Vol 3 1975 p 157-192 refs CSCL 06K Habitability is discussed in terms of the degree of comfort and aesthetics necessary for the living working and resting conditions of the human operator Organization of astronaut work regime illumination of spacecraft working and living areas and color are among the factors considered J M S N76-26836* National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Washington D C INDIVIDUAL LIFE-SUPPORT SYSTEMS OUTSIDE A SPACECRAFT CABIN. SPACE SUITS AND CAPSULES Walton L Jones In its Found of Space Biol and Med Vol 3 1975 p 193-223 refs CSCL 06 K Space suit systems physiological and operational require- ments and the technologic advances incorporated in the more advanced suits are described Free space extravehicular activity (EVA) lunar surface EVA. and various EVA aids are considered J M S N76-26837* Ministry of Health of the USSR Moscow Inst of Biomedical Problems NONREGENERATIVE LIFE-SUPPORT SYSTEMS FOR FLIGHTS OF SHORT AND MODERATE DURATION B A Adamovich In NASA. Washington Found of Space Biol and Med Vol 3 1975 p 227-246 refs CSCL 06K The basic requirements for crew life support systems of flights of up to 30 days "are described Food products drinking water, oxygen for breathing and sanitary-technical facilities are among the factors considered Life support systems utilized on Vostok Voskhod Soyuz Gemini Mercury and Apollo are discussed J M S N76-26838* National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Washington D C 249 N76-26839 LIFE-SUPPORT SYSTEMS FOR INTERPLANETARY SPACE- CRAFT AND SPACE STATIONS FOR LONG-TERM USE Walton L Jones In its Found of Space Biol and Med Vol 3 1975 p 247-273 refs CSCL 06K Integrated regenerative life support systems in which the by-products of one system become useful material for another are considered Regeneration or reclamation of water and the principal atmospheric gases and elimination or disposition of waste products are the principal functions of such systems A modular system concept is described Features of this system include commonality (for spares reduction) maintainability overall computer-monitored functioning and onboard repair and replacement tasks in the event of failure J M S N76-26839* Ministry of Health of the USSR. Moscow Inst of Biomedical Problems BIOLOGICAL LIFE-SUPPORT SYSTEMS Ye Ya Shepelev In NASA. Wahmgton Found of Space Biol and Med, Vol 3 1975 p 274-308 refs CSCL 06K The establishment of human living environments by biologic methods utilizing the appropriate functions of autotraphic and heterotrophic organisms is examined Natural biologic systems discussed in terms of modeling biologic life support systems (BLSS), the structure of biologic life support systems and the development of individual functional links in biologic life support systems are among the factors considered Experimental modeling of BLSS in order to determine functional characteristics mechanisms by which stability is maintained, and principles underlying control and regulation is also discussed J M S N76-26840* Ministry of Health of the USSR. Moscow Inst of Biomedical Problems PROTECTION AGAINST RADIATION (BIOLOGICAL, PHARMACOLOGICAL. CHEMICAL. PHYSICAL) P P Saksonov In NASA Washington Found of Space Biol and Med. Vol 3 1975 p 311-344 refs CSCL 06R Physical chemical, and biological protection for astronauts from penetrating radiation on long-term space flights is discussed The status of pharmacochemical protection development of protective substances, medical use of protective substances, protection for spacecraft ecologic systems adaptogens and physical conditioning bone marrow transplants and local protection are discussed Combined use of local protection and pharmacochemical substances is also briefly considered J M S N76-26841* Texas Univ Houston MEDICAL CARE OF SPACECREWS, (MEDICAL CARE. EQUIPMENT. AND PROPHYLAXIS) Charles A Berry In NASA. Washington Found of Space Biol and Med. Vol 3 1975 p 345-371 refs CSCL 06E Treatment and prevention of the physiologic problems of spacecrews are discussed Preflight procedures inflight monitoring and medication, and postflight examination are described Specific factors covered include medical screening and astronaut selection, health stabilization and exposure prevention preflight medical examinations and training, biomedical data medical kits, diagnosis and treatment, and implications of postflight findings J M S N76-26842* Texas Umv . Houston DESCENT AND. LANDING OF SPACECREWS AND SUR- VIVAL IN AN UNPOPULATED AREA Charles A Berry In NASA, Washington Found of Space Biol and Med Vol 3 1975 p 372-394 refs CSCL 06S Medical and physiologic experience gained in space flight programs of the U S and U S S R is described in relation to acceleration forces in the final phases of manned space flight Application of this knowledge to future programs survival in the postlandmg period, and survival provisions currently made for spacecrews are discussed J M S N76-26843* Military Medical Academy (USSR) Leningrad PROTECTION OF CREWS OF SPACECRAFT AND SPACE STATIONS I N Chernyakov In NASA. Washington Found of Space Biol and Med Vol 3 1975 p 395-416 refs CSCL 06K A survey is presented of research on life support for astronauts in emergency situations during flight Depressunzation of the spacecraft cabin fire and failure of air regeneration and conditioning systems of manned compartments are among the emergencies considered J M S N76-26844* Ministry of Health of the USSR, Moscow SELECTION OF ASTRONAUTS AND COSMONAUTS N N Gurovskiy I I Bryanov, and Mae Mills Link In NASA, Washington Found of Space Biol and Med Vol 3 1975 p 419-437 refs CSCL 051 The process by which the U S and U S S R selected astronauts and cosmonauts for early manned space flights is described Emphasis is placed on medical criteria J M S N76-26845* Ministry of Health of the USSR Moscow TRAINING OF COSMONAUTS AND ASTRONAUTS N N Gurovskiy and Mae Mills Link In NASA Washington Found of Space Biol and Med Vol 3 1975 p 438-450 refs CSCL 05! The biomedical and preflight training of spacecraft crews is discussed based on a survey of scientific and technical literature in the U S and U S S R Experience gained from high velocity and high altitude aircraft flights, predictions of human reactions and theoretical models of human adaptation to the new environment of space and actual spaceflight experience provided scientists and specialists with data from which the state of human health in space could be predicted and life support measures developed J M S t N76-26846* National Aeronautics and Space Administration Washington D C AN APPRAISAL OF FUTURE SPACE BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH Sherman P Vmograd In its Found of Space Biol and Med Vol 3 1975 p 453-479 refs CSCL 06B Three general classes of manned space flight missions of the future are described These include earth-orbital lunar and planetary Biomedical science and technology is analyzed emphasizing areas of research needed to support future manned space flights and the information to be obtained from them Author N76-26847# Atomic Energy of Canada Ltd . Chalk River (Ontario) Chalk River Nuclear Labs INTERNAL RADIOACTIVE CONTAMINATION IN SELECTED GROUPS OF CRNL EMPLOYEES D W S Evans Oct 1975 18 p refs Sponsored by ERDA (AECL-5255) Avail NTIS Avail ERDA Depository Libraries HC $3 50, AECL $0 50 This report details the development and execution of a 30 month program designed to characterize the magnitude and distribution of internal radioactive contamination amongst selected groups of employees at Chalk River Nuclear Laboratories, using a shadow shield whole-body counter The results show that the levels of contamination in these employees are very low and no contaminant was present in amounts excedmg 10% of the maximum permissible body burden Details of the time course of some of the body burdens are also furnished Author (ERA) 250 N76-26854 N76-26848# Los Alamos Scientific Lab. N Mex CONSIDERATIONS IN THE ASSESSMENT OF PLUTONIUM DEPOSITION IN MAN G Voelz J Umbarger. J Mclnroy, and J Healy 1975 19 p rets Presented at IAEA Intern Seminar on Diagn and Treat of Incorp Radionuchdes Vienna Austria 8 Dec 1975 (Contract W-7405-eng-36) (LA-UR-75-1887. Conf-751205-4) Avail NTIS HC $4 50 Data from human cases of plutonium inhalation are used to illustrate several important problems in the current methods of estimating plutonium body burdens Individuals exposed to 238 Pu02 particles in a highly insoluble matrix showed an unusually slow rising urinary excretion curve over 300 to 400 days In vivo chest counts during the first 6 months estimated lung burdens to be 10 to 30 nd but urinary excretion methods calculate residual systematic body burdens of 50 to 100 nd at 1200 days after exposure Current assumptions used in the in vivo calibration do not consider possible lung distribution of participates soon after exposure that could alter the interpretation significantly Tissue analysis of a lung from another case after recent inhalation exposure shows a significantly lesser concentra- tion of plutonium in the subpleural region-the principal region of plutonium measurement by in vivo chest countmg-as compared to distributions found years after exposure Tissue analyses indicate that urinary excretion estimates of body burden over the long term tend to err on the high side up to a factor of 5 or more Author (ERA) N76-26849# Atomic Energy of Canada Ltd Chalk River (Ontario) Chalk River Nuclear Labs CANCER FOLLOWING MULTIPLE FLUOROSCOPIES H B Newcombe Aug 1975 37 p Sponsored by ERDA (AECL-5243) Avail NTIS Avail ERDA Depository Libraries HCS500, AECL $1 00 An epidemiological study for detecting carcinogenic effects of multiple fluoroscopies in Canadian tuberculosis patients treated in the late 1930's to early 1950s, is described Persons who received artificial pneumothorax treatment for tuberculosis in the course of which they were fluoroscoped repeatedly were studied Roughly half of the patients with pulmonary tubercu- losis, in that period received artificial pneumothorax That breast cancer has been caused in women by the fluoroscopies seems clear from the results of preliminary studies but the data have a number of important limitations These studies are not large enough to indicate differences in the risks from various numbers of fluoroscopies Also, unless the numbers of years at risk in the irradiated and umrradiated groups can be shown to be similar, there is a possibility of bias affecting the comparison In addition, information on the numbers of malignancies other than breast cancer in patients of both sexes would be of substantial importance even if no effect of the irradiations could be demonstrated Author (ERA) N76-26850# Rochester Umv . N Y School of Medicine and Dentistry RADIOBIOLOGIC EFFECTS AT LOW RADIATION LEVELS G W Casarett 1975 14 p refs Presented at the Intern Symp on Areas of High Natural Radioactivity Pocos de Caldas Brazil 16-20 Jun 1975 Sponsored by ERDA (CONF-750671-2 UR-3490-832) Avail NTIS HC $4 50 Data are reviewed on the effects of low radiation doses on mammals Data from the 1972 report on the Biological Effects of Ionizing Radiation issued by the Advisory Committee of the National Academy of Sciences and National Research Council are discussed It was concluded that there are certain radiosensitive systems in which low doses of radiation may cause degenerative effects including gametogenic epithelium lens of the eye and developing embryos Despite extensive investigation of genetic effects including chromosomal effects neither the amount of change that will be caused by very low levels of irradiation nor the degree of associated detriment is known ERA N76-26851# Commissariat a I Energie Atomique Cadarache (France) RECOMMENDATIONS FOR CRITICALITY ACCIDENT DOSIMETRY Jul 1975 75 p In FRENCH (CEA-R-4669) Avail ERDA Depository Libraries HC $500 The aims of criticality accident dosimetry and the characteris- tics peculiar to a critical burst are defined and the requirements to be fulfilled by a personnel dosimetnc system that can be applied to this type of measurements are specified The devices chosen are described along with the mam processes to be earned out in order to evaluate doses after a radiation accident The apparatus necessary for detector counting and the directions for use are presented in detail allowing standardization of measure- ments A set of linear formula enables to obtain from these measurements all wanted informations about neutron fluences and spectra along with the suitable components of the dose at the locations of the irradiated people Author (NSA) N76-26852# Veterans Administration Hospital Hmes. Ill METABOLISM OF Sr 90 AND OF OTHER ELEMENTS IN MAN. JULY 1. 1974 - JUNE 30. 1975 31 Dec 1975 28 p Sponsored by ERDA (Contract AT(11-D-1231) (COO-1231-104) Avail NTIS HCS400 Trace element studies were carried out under strictly controlled dietary conditions in adult males during different calcium intakes Complete metabolic balances of cadmium copper zinc, lead, manganese, and nickel were determined in each 6-day metabolic period by analyzing the constant diet and the urinary and fecal excretions of these naturally occurring elements In addition to the trace element studies, Sr-85 studies were carried out in man in order to complete previously initiated investigations Author (NSA) N76-26853# Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Foerderung der Angewandten Forschung e V, Grafschaft (West Germany) Inst fuer Aerobiologie ANTIDOTE EFFECTS OF ATROPINE. TOXOGONIN, SAD 128 AND ISOPRENALIN IN RATS POISONED WITH PARAOXON [ANTIDOT-EFFEKTE VON ATROPIN. TOXOGONIN (R). SAD 128 UND ISOPRENALIN AN DER PARAOXON- VERGIFTETEN RATTE] G Oberdoerster Bonn DOKZENTBw 1975 29 p refs In GERMAN ENGLISH summary Sponsored by Bundesmm der Verteidigung (BMVg-FBWT-75-15) Avail NTIS HC $400 DOKZENTBw DM 20 In comparison to atropme and toxogonin the antidotal effects of SAD 128 and isoprenalme were investigated in paraoxon- poisoned (025 and 05 mg/kg sc) female Wistar rats Blood pressure, heart frequency action potentials of the phrenic nerve and the diaphragm mspiratory movement of the chest as well as lung ventilation were monitored continuously Survival time after paraoxon poisoning was significantly increased after atropme (5 mg/kg i v ) and toxogonin (30 mg/kg iv) SAD 128 (5 mg/kg i v) was able to normalize circulation neuromuscular activity, and phrenic nerve activity of the paraoxon treated rats, but survival time was not significantly increased Isoprenalme (10 micro g/kg/mm i v) showed a positive influence on the paraoxon poisoning with an increase of the activity of phrenic nerve and diaphragm Isoprenalme improved lung ventilation and cardiac and circulatory function due to its beta-adrenergic activity Author (ESA) N76-26854# Fraunhofer-G esellschaft zur Foerderung der Angewandten Forschung e V Grafschaft (West Germany) Inst fuer Aerobiologie PROTECTIVE EFFECT OF SOME PYRIDINIUM COM- POUNDS AGAINST THE INHIBITION OF STRUCTURE BOUND ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE BY SOMAN IN VITRO [SCHUTZWIRKUNG EINIGER AUSGEWAEHLTER PYRIDIN IUMVERBINDUNGEN GEGEN DIE INHIBIERUNG VON STRUKTURGEBUNDENER ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE DURCH SOMAN IN VITRO] H Kuhnen Bbnn DOKZENTBw 1975 33 p refs In GERMAN, ENGLISH summary Sponsored by Bundesmm der Verteidigung (BMVg-FBWT-75-16) Avail NTIS HC $4 00 DOKZENTBw DM 30 251 N76-26855 The protective effect of pyridmium compounds against the acetylcholmesterase inhibition by Soman in vitro was investi- gated The relative protective effects (RS-values) were calculated, and the RS-values of the protective effects against 150 DFP and 150 Soman were compared The protective effect is due to the chemical sfucture of the parent compounds and can be enhanced or decreased by substituents The effect is not necessarily related to the reactivating power of the pyridmium compound Substances which are not reactivators may have a relatively good protective power eg SAO 128, and P 141 with the tert -butyl and pinacolyl groups as substituents The mechanism of action of the protective substances was interpreted by occupation of a secondary bonding site in the vicinity of the active centre Ligand bonding at this secondary site causes conformational changes of the enzyme This allosteric mechanism may complicate the phosphorylation of the active site Author (ESA) N76-26855# Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Foerderung der Angewandten Forschung e V Grafschaft (West Germany) Inst fuer Aerobiologie PHARMACOKINETICS OF THE SPASMOLYTIC ACTION OF SOME BISPYRIDINIUM COMPOUNDS ON THE MUSCLE STRIP OF THE GUINEA PIG ILEUM [PHARMAKOKINETIK OER SPASMOLYTISCHEN WIRKUNG EINIGER AUSGE- WAEHLTER BISP YR ID IN IUM VER BIND U NGEN AUF MUSKELSTREIFEN DES MEERSCHWEINCHENILEUM] 0 Kuhnen-Clausen Bonn DOKZENTBw 1975 46 p refs In GERMAN. ENGLISH summary Sponsored by Bundesmm der Verteidigung (BMVg-FBWT-75-17) Avail NTIS HC $400 DOKZENTBw DM 30 The antagonistic effects of some bispyridmium compounds on muscanmc and histamimc receptors were investigated on the isolated longitudinal muscle strip of the guinea pig ileum The affinity of the derivatives is higher to muscanmc than to histamimc binding sites A structure/activity relationship was established in both cases Dose response curves of acetyl-beta-methylcholme were analyzed to evaluate the mechanism of drug receptor interactions on the molecular level Protection experiments were carried out with the antagonists against the alkylation of muscanmc and histamimc receptors by dibenamme Both receptor systems are allosteric. regulatory proteins The theory of the receptor reserve therefore is contradicted Author (ESA) N76-26856# Whittaker Corp , Waltham Mass Space Sciences Div DEVELOPMENT OF AN IMPLANTABLE OXYGEN SENSOR IN VIVO VALIDATION AND REFINEMENT Annual Report. Jun 1974 - Jun 1975 Kuo Wei Chang and Sol Aisenberg Jun 1975 122 p refs (Contract N01-HR-33003-R) (PB-249333/6. SSD-P-708-AR-2) Avail NTIS HCS550 CSCL 06B Sensors for continuous measurement of oxygen tension in blood tissue and endotracheal tubes are described These sensors are fuel cells operating in the oxygen-diffusion-hmited mode The short circuit currents of these sensors are directly proportional to the oxygen tension of the surrounding medium The basic principle of operation, sensor construction and results of in vitro and in vivo studies are presented in great detail Test results obtained to date show that these sensors are accurate, stable fast responding and cahbratible with only one PO2 measure- ment GRA N76-26857# Naval Submarine Medical Research Lab Groton Conn BODY FLUID DISTRIBUTION IN ACUTE HYPERCAPNIA Interim Report R D Murray F T Abbott and K E Schaefer 16 Jun 1975 14 p refs (MR0410101) (AD-A019922 NSMRL-814) Avail NTIS CSCL 06/19 Guinea pigs and rats were exposed to 1 9 69 and 108% C02 for a period of one hour Measurements of total body water (TBW) extracellular fluid (ECF) and mtracellular fluid (ICF) were made using tntiated water and radioactive chloride (CI36) Control values for TBW ECF and ICF were 64 6 28 5 and 36 1 for rats and 61 7 306 and 31 1 for guinea pigs These values did not change significantly under hypercapm These results indicate that although no measurable changes occurred in body fluid distribution under hypercapma. the differences in body water distribution between guinea pigs and rats may help explain species differences in response to hypercapnic stress Author (GRA) N76-26858# Naval Submarine Medical Research Lab Groton. Conn COMPARISON OF BIOCHEMICAL RESPONSES BETWEEN SINGLE AND REPEATED EXPOSURES TO AIR AT 6 7 ATA Interim Report E Heyder M J Jacey, and D V Tappan 4 Jun 1975 26 p refs (MF51524014) (AD-A020044 NSMRL-810) Avail NTIS CSCL 06/19 U S Navy diver volunteers were subjected to short (45-mmute) exposures to air at 6 7 ATA The experimental protocol was designed to compare the recoveries from single exposures with those from similar dives employing 3-day inter-dive intervals Serum and 24-hour urine samples were collected for 5 days prior to and for 7 and 10 respectively after the dives Serum and urinary minerals, electrolytes and protein metabolites as. well as serum enzymes and urinary steroids were measured The overall effects of air at 6 7 ATA and 19 serum parameters was very pronounced 1 hour post-dive Following a single dive, the response declined sharply to a low after 3 days This was followed by a second response peak after 5 days and a subsequent gradual decline Following the 3-day-repeat dives, a secondary peak occurred on the 3rd day following the second dive The response to the diving stress as indicated by 14 urine parame- ters showed a small increase on the first two post-dive days followed by a decrease on the third After a single dive, the consequences of the exposure continued to increase for up to 7-8 days When a second dive was made on the 3rd day after the initial exposure, a very large response occurred on the 2nd day after the second dive, with a rebound on the 3rd day and secondary peaks on the 4th and 6th day These studies support previous observations that effects of hyperbanc exposure continue for several days following pressurization Repeated exposures within the recovery period alter the pattern of recovery Author (GRA) N76-26859# Flying Personnel Research Committee London (England) THE RETENTION OF PROTECTIVE ADAPTATION TO MOTION SICKNESS INDUCED BY CROSS-COUPLED ANGULAR ACCELERATIONS J T Reason and E Diaz Feb 1975 26 p refs (AD-A019294 FPRC-1335) Avail NTIS CSCL 06/19 Two experiments are reoorted In the first designed to assess the retention of adaptation to repeated exposures of graded cross-coupled angular accelerations eight young men received eight adaptation sessions in alternate directions of rotation over a total period of 24 weeks The results indicated a steady build-up of savings of protective adaptation as reflected by the progressive reduction in stimulation required to achieve an operationally- defined level of adaptation The second experiment examined the relationship between the savings of adaptation on the second of two exposures and the time interval between them Twenty-five young men were assigned to five equal groups matched for motion sickness history No decline in savings was observed with increasing time intervals Finally an attempt was made to integrate the findings of these two experiments into a general theoretical statement concerning the decay of protective adaptation following both single and repeated exposures to an adapting stimulus GRA N76-26860# Flying Personnel Research Committee, London (England) CATECHOLAMINE, CORTICOSTEROID AND KETONE 252 N76-26866 EXCRETION IN EXERCISE AND HYPOXIA P Smith R F Coward and C J Hall May 1975 19 p refs (AD-A019293 FPRC-Memo-256) Avail NTIS CSCL 06/19 Four subjects undertook light exercise each working day for two consecutive weeks during one of which the experiment was carried out under hypoxic conditions The excretions of adrenaline, noradrenalme and 17-hydroxycorticosteroids (17- OHCS) were measured during the stress and also overnight and urines were tested for the presence of ketone bodies The excretion of adrenaline and 17-OHCS in stress was highest on the first day of each week In general the excretion of adrenaline was higher throughout the first as compared with the second, week These results are considered to be indicative of adaptation to stress Only noradrenalme showed significantly higher excretion in hypoxia Throughout the experiment excretion of 17-OHCS during the stress period was below normal levels suggesting retention of steroids in stress rather than increased adrenocortical activity However 17-OHCS excretion tended to be higher during the experimental period and subsequently lower overnight during the hypoxia week Ketosis occurred in two subjects In one of these it could be readily related to previous extraneous stress Excretion of unidentified ketones in overnight urines was sometimes suspected and occurred beyond doubt following gross-ketosis Author (GRA) N76-26861# Army Research Inst of Environmental Medicine Natick, Mass METABOLIC ENERGY EXPENDITURE AND TERRAIN COEFFICIENTS FOR WALKING ON SNOW K B Pandolf M F Haisman and R F Goldman Jul 1975 26 p refs (DA Proj 3A7-62758-A-827) (AD-A019590. USARIEM-M-1-76) Avail NTIS CSCL 06/19 The ten male subjects each walked at two speeds 0 67 and 1 12 m/s (1 5 and 25 mph) on a level treadmill and on a variety of snow depths Energy expenditure increased linearly with increasing depth of footprint depression and was ex- pressed considering clothed weight by the regression equation energy expenditure (W/kg-hor km/hr) = 1 18 + 0 089 depression (cm) At 45 cm footprint depression as compared to a 0 cm depression energy expenditure increased by a ratio of ap- proximately 5 1 For 0 67 and 1 12 m/s predicted metabolic rate (M) in watt (W) corresponded to the regression equations, M = 21356 + 21480 depression (cm) and M = 48462 + 20 617 depression (cm) respectively Although subjects were considered above average in terms of fitness (average vol max = 514 ml/kg-mm (n = 6)). all terminated walking due to exhaustion at an average footprint depth of 35 0 cm at a walking speed of 1 12 m/s Practical limits for prolonged snow walking not exceeding approximately 50% vol max were developed with 20 cm being the maximal depth at 067 m/s. and 10 cm at 1 12 m/s without snow shoes At increased footprint depths limiting factors for snow walking were the increasing lift work, inefficient stooping posture and balancing difficulty GRA N76-26862 New Mexico State Univ University Park VISUAL TARGET ACQUISITION AND SEARCH PERFORM- ANCE PhD Thesis John Buford Mocharnuk 1976 148 p Avail Univ Microfilms Order No 76-12638 The effects of information and physical variables on visual search performance and on the ocular activity associated with that performance are studied Three experiments were completed using a brief exposure technique The manipulated variables included memory load exposure duration and the physical grouping of information within a display Several patterns emerged from the data Stimulus information appeared to have no effect on eye movement measures Instead the physical restrictions imposed on the search task were responsible for changes in ocular behavior However there was a substantial effect of information on total search performance The per item search rate increased as the total information in the display increased This informational effect was interpreted in terms of a variable processing rate hypothesis Dissert Abstr N76-26863# National Aviation Facilities Experimental Center, Atlantic City, NJ DEVELOPMENT OF A PERFORMANCE CRITERION FOR ENROUTE AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL PERSONNEL RE- SEARCH THROUGH AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL SIMULATION EXPERIMENT 1 PARALLEL FORM Interim Report. Jan 1975 - Fob 1975 Edward P Buckley Bernard Goldberg Richard Rood Helen Hamilton Florence Champion James Talotta R Algeo S R Pszczolkowski Gerard Spanier Francis Baldwin et al Feb 1976 40 p refs (FAA-RD-75-186 FAA-NA-75-40) Avail NTIS HCS400 CSCL 05/9 Small experiments were performed as part of the process of developing a standardized performance criterion for journeyman en route traffic controllers for the evaluation of potential aptitude tests as to their capacity to predict suitability for entrance into training The purpose of these first experiments was to seek directions for the construction of different but equally difficult (parallel) forms of the test by using combinations of sector geographic structures and traffic density levels Two sectors which differed widely in geographic structure and three traffic density levels were orthogonally combined to yield six experimental conditions Six experienced air traffic controllers worked under each of the six conditions in the air traffic control simulator The results indicate that performance scores were much less affected by sector structure than by traffic density Consequently it was accepted as a guideline for further work that parallel forms can be built on the basis of traffic density level equivalence alone Author N76-26864# Franklin McLean Memorial Research Inst, Chicago. Ill P R O G R E S S IN EVALUATION OF HUMAN OBSERVER VISUAL DETECTION PERFORMANCE USING THE ROC CURVE APPROACH C E Metz, S J Starr. L B Lusted and K Rossmann 1975 9 p refs Presented at the 4th Intern Conf on Inform Process in Scintigraphy Orsay, France. 15-19 Jul 1975 Sponsored by ERDA (CONF-750750-1) Avail NTIS HC $4 50 Human observer performance in complex detection situations was analyzed The results of these and similar studies will hopefully contribute toward development of an understanding of the relationships between physical image parameters and human observer decision performance in clinically relevant visual detection tasks Efforts to develop an objective approach to evaluating the usefulness of diagnostic decisions which have been made on the basis of visual information are described Applications in the interpretation of radiographs and radionuc- lide scans are discussed ERA N76-26865*# Scientific Translation Service Santa Barbara. Calif WATER FOR THE COSMONAUT Yu Ye Sinyak and S V Chizhov Washington NASA Jun 1976 11 p Transl into ENGLISH from Khim Zhizn (USSR). no 7. Jul 1975 p 23-26 (Contract NASw-2791) (NASA-TT-F-15480) Avail NTIS HC $3 50 CSCL 06K The problem of water supply for cosmonauts during long- duration space flight is reviewed After it is shown that water constitutes the major weight in life support systems, natural water regeneration processes are discussed Soviet and U S experiments with water regeneration systems are reviewed and the Salyut-4 regeneration system which fulfilled one-half of the cosmonaut's drinking needs, is described Author N76-26866*# Scientific Translation Service Santa Barbara. Calif LIFE SUPPORT SYSTEMS AND RESEARCH APPARATUS FOR PERFORMING THE KOSMOS-782 SATELLITE EXPERI- MENT B A Adamovich. A A Zlatorunskiy A D Noskin. V S Poleshchuk. V I Milyavskiy V K Golov. and V K Ovcharov Washington NASA Jun 1976 7 p Transl into ENGLISH 253 N76-26867 from an unpublished Russian report (Contract NASw-2791) (NASA-TT-F-15491) Avail NTIS HC $3 50 CSCL 06K A description is given of the equipment used on the Kosmos-782 satellite Analysis of the data from the satellite showed that all systems operated normally Author and is disposed throughout the polyethyleneimme to assist in the heat transfer The foamed metal is formed into blocks and conducts exothermic energy so well from a sorbing cell to its desorbmg neighbors that the cells operate essentially isothermally, maintaining a constant mean average temperature and requiring neither the addition nor the removal of heat from the stream of cabin air NASA N76-26867*# Scientific Translation Service Santa Barbara. Calif THE PRESERVATION OF COOKED DRIED RICE IN THE ALPHA-STATE BY FREEZE-DRYING J H Pyeun Y R Choi and C E Choi Washington NASA Jun 1976 11 p refs Transl into ENGLISH of Dong-kiul-konjo- ae Eui-han Mipan-ae alpha-Hwoa-ae Kwan-ha-ya The Army Research Report v 5, 1966 p 1-4 (Contract NASw-2791) (NASA-TT-F-17063) Avail NTIS HC $3 50 CSCL 06H The effect of freeze-drying on the preservation of cooked and dried nee is examined as the improved means of emergency main food for the army Temperature condition of vacuum degree and drying velocity in freeze-drying process are among the factors considered Author N76-26868*# National Aeronautics and Space Administration Lyndon B Johnson Space Center, Houston, Tex REGENERA8LE DEVICE FOR SCRUBBING BREATHABLE AIR OF CO2 AND MOISTURE WITHOUT SPECIAL HEAT EXCHANGER EQUIPMENT Patent Application Edward H Tepper. inventor (to NASA) (Hamilton Standard Windsor Locks, Conn) Filed 21 May 1976 17 p Sponsored by NASA (NASA-Case-MSC-14770-1, US-Patent-Appl-SN-688855) Avail NTIS HC $3 50 CSCL 06K A device is described which absorbs and adsorbs carbon dioxide and excess moisture in cabin atmospheres The sorbing material is a polyethyleneimme coating which absorbs and adsorbs impurities at standard temperatures and pressures but desorbs such impurities at low pressures and standard temperatures The device is made in a stack of cells consisting of identical layers which are isolated flow-wise and are connected to separate manifolds and valving systems into two separate subsets One subset scrubs the air until the polyethyleneimme is saturated while the other subset purifies the saturated polyethyleneimme Since sorption processes liberate heat while the desorption processes require heat, the device also operates a heat exchanger Aluminum is used to separate the cells from one another and is disposed throughout the polyethyleneimme to assist in the heat transfer The metal is formed into fins and conducts exothermic energy so well from a sorbing cell to its desorbmg neighbors that the cells operate essentially isothermally maintaining a constant mean average temperature and requiring neither the addition nor the removal of heat from the cabin air NASA N76-26869*# National Aeronautics and Space Administration Lyndon B Johnson Space Center Houston Tex REGENERABLE DEVICE FOR SCRUBBING BREATHABLE AIR OF CO2 AND MOISTURE WITHOUT SPECIAL HEAT EXCHANGER EQUIPMENT Patent Application Edward H Tepper, inventor (to NASA) (Hamilton Standard. Windsor Lock Conn) Filed 21 May 1976 20 p Sponsored by NASA (NASA-Case-MSC-14771-1. US-Patent-Appl-SN-688854) Avail NTIS HC $3 50 CSCL 06K A device is described which absorbs and adsorbs carbon dioxide and excess moisture in cabin atmospheres The sorbing material is a polyethyleneimme coating which absorbs and adsorbs impurities at standard temperatures and pressures but desorbs such impurities at low pressures and standard temperatures The device is made in a stack of cells consisting of identical layers which are isolated flow-wise and are connected to separate manifolds and valving systems into two separate subsets One subset scrubs the air until the polyethyleneimme is saturated while the other subset purifies the saturated polyethyleneimme Since sorption processes liberate heat while the desorption processes require heat the device also operates a heat exchanger Foamed aluminum is used to separate the cells from one another N76-26870# Royal Aircraft Establishment. Farnborough (England) FUNCTIONAL TWO-DIMENSIONAL MANIKINS H W Jeurgens K Helbig and T Kopka Mar 1976 13 p refs Transl into ENGLISH from Ergonomics (London), v 18 no 2 1975 p 185-194 (Original in German) (RAE-Lib-Trans-1859 BR52161) Avail NTIS HC $3 50 Two-dimensional manikins are used as tools in designing and assessing workplaces (on a 1 1 scale) in the broadest sense Models available to date reduce the joints of the human body to fixed axial joints and are therefore incapable of reproducing changes in the shape of the body resulting from movement A new type of joint in the Kieler Puppe model introduced here for a seated and standing person in profile and a seated person as seen from above permits only physiological body postures and reproduces natural body contours in every posture and every postural change Author N76-26871*# National Aeronautics and Space Administration Ames Research Center Moffett Field Calif AN ARTIFICIAL LEG EMPLOYING A MECHANICAL ENERGY STORAGE DEVICE FOR HIP DISARTICULATION Patent Application Wilbur C Vallotton inventor (to NASA) Filed 30 Jun 1976 14 p (NASA-Case-ARC-10916-1 US-Patent-Appl-SN-701448) Avail NTIS HC $3 50 CSCL 06B An artificial leg which includes a trunk socket, a thigh section hmgedly coupled to the trunk socket, a leg section hmgedly coupled to the thigh section and a foot section hmgedly coupled to the leg section is described Energy is stored in a mechanical energy storage device during a weight-bearing phase of the walking stride when the user's weight is on the artificial leg and energy is released during a phase of the normal walking stride, when the users weight is removed from the artificial leg The stored energy is released from the energy storage device to pivot the thigh section forwardly about the hinged coupling thereof to the trunk socket A dash-pot is coupled between the lower end of the thigh section and the foot section for damping flexing of the knee joint after a certain predetermined extent of ankle flexing is achieved to derive a more normal stride and cadence NASA N76-26872# European Space Agency Pans (France) SAFETY ANALYSIS OF MANNED SYSTEMS R C Kohlheyer 1976 9 p Presented at the European Space Prod Assurance Symp Frascati Italy, 4-6 May 1976 Avail NTIS HCS350 Human safety aspects are considered within the context of manned space flight in particular Spacelab The complexity of safety tasks is illustrated, and the contention is underlined that application of simple rules and procedures to the exclusion of reason and experience is perhaps more hazardous in the false confidence they give than in the failures they prevent ESA N76-26873# Army Aeromedical Research Lab Fort Rucker Ala BIO-OPTICAL EVALUATION OF SPECIALIZED EYEWEAR LASER SAFETY AND DARK ADAPTATION DEVICES Final Report Wun C Chiou and David D Click Nov 1975 31 p refs (AD-A019787 USAARL-76-7) Avail NTIS CSCL 17/8 This report provides quantitative data and color vision evaluations for several types of goggles The first two types are laser safety devices and the other three are for dark adaptation purposes It is found that He-Ne laser safety eyewear conforms to the Army Regulation specification It is recommended that 254 N76-27819 one type of the safely device be used for only one specific purpose Furthermore, the laser safety device cannot be used when a detection of a red display or a red light source is required Results from the dark adaptation devices show that the spectral transmission characteristics possess virtually a common distribu- tion Author (GRA) N76-26874* + National Aeronautics and Space Administration Washington D C PUBLICATIONS OF THE PLANETARY BIOLOGY PROGRAM FOR 1975 A SPECIAL BIBLIOGRAPHY K A Souza comp and R S Young comp Jul 1976 24 p (NASA-TM-X-74313) Avail NT'S HC $3 50 CSCL 06C The Planetary Biology Program of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration is the first and only integrated program to methodically investigate the planetary events which may have been responsible for or related to the origin, evolution and distribution of life in the universe Research supported by this program is divided into the seven areas listed below (1) chemical evolution (2) organic geochemistry (3) life detection (4) biological adaptation (5) biomstrumentation (6) planetary environments, and (7) origin of life The arrangement of references in this bibliography-follows _the division of research described above Articles are listed alphabetically by author under the research area with which they are most closely related Only those publications which resulted from research supported by the Planetary Biology Program and which bear a 1975 publication date have been included Abstracts and theses are not included because of the preliminary and abbreviated nature of the former and the frequent difficulty of obtaining the latter Author N76-27812*# Boeing Co Houston Tex LIFE SCIENCES PAYLOADS ANALYSES AND TECHNICAL P R O G R A M PLANNING STUDIES Final Report. 1 Jul 1973 - 30 Apr 1976 Apr 1976 55 p refs (Contract NAS9-13655] (NASA-CR-147799) Avail NTIS HC $4 50 CSCL 22A Contractural requirements project planning equipment specifications and technical data for space shuttle biological experiment payloads are presented Topics discussed are (1) urine collection and processing on the space shuttle (2) space processing of biochemical and biomedical materials (3) mission simulations and (4) biomedical equipment J R T N76-27813*# Scientific Translation Service Santa Barbara. Calif PRELIMINARY RESULTS OF STUDIES ON THE BIOSATEL- LITE KOSMOS-782 O G Gazenko R G Butenko B A Rubin and L V Belousov Washington NASA Jun 1976 151 p refs Tranl into ENGLISH of ' Predvantelnyye Rezultaty Issledovamy na Biosputnike Kosmos-782 Moscow Inst of Med Biol Probl of USSR Mm of Public Health USSR Acad of Sci 1976 p 1-125 (Contract NASw-2791) (NASA-TT-F-15500) Avail NTIS HC $6 75 CSCL 06A A description is given of the results of experiments on Kosmos-782 The results of all four biological experiments conducted in the joint Soviet-American program are discussed Positive results were obtained in all of the tests Author N76-27814*# Virginia Polytechnic Inst and State Univ Blacksburg Dept of Statistics STATISTICAL SUPPORT FOR THE ATL PROGRAM Final Report. 1 Jul 1974 - 15 Jun 1976 K Hmkelmann and R H Myers 15 Jun 1976 21 p (Gram NsG-1071) (NASA-CR-148311) Avail NTIS HC S3 50 CSCL 06M Statistical experimental designs are presented for various numbers of organisms and agar solutions pertinent to the experiment, 'colony growth in zero gravity Missions lasting 7 and 30 days are considered For the designs listed the statistical analysis of the observations obtained on the space shuttle are outlined Author N76-27815*# California Inst of Tech Pasadena Div of Biology GEOCHEMISTRY OF BIOMOLECULES Final Report. 1 Jul 1973 - 30 Jun 1975 James Bonner 12 Jul 1976 15 p refs (Grant NGR-05-002-310) (NASA-CR-148327) Avail NTIS HC $3 50 CSCL 06M A highly sensitive fluorometnc technique is developed for the determination of biological and geo-organic compounds in ancient sediments and extraterrestrial samples This technique is used to establish chemical evidence for fossil pigments in an extraterrestrial sample Also developed is a highly sensitive and specific fluorometnc method for the determination of total primary amme nitrogen in soil samples Author N76-27816*# Alcorn State Univ Lorman Miss Dept of Biological Sciences BIODEGRADATION OF ROCKET PROPELLANT WASTE, AMMONIUM PERCHLORATE Final Report Syed M 2 Naqvi and Abdul Latif 3 Jul 1975 40 p (Grant NsG-8005) (NASA-CR-148323) Avail NTIS HC $4 00 CSCL 06C The short term effects of ammonium perchlorate on selected organisms were studied A long term experiment was also designed to assess the changes incurred by ammonium perchlorate on the nitrogen and chloride contents of soil within a period of 3 years In addition an attempt was made to produce methane gas from anaerobic fermentation of the aquatic weed Alternan- thera philoxeroides Author N76-27817# Electrotechnical Lab Tokyo (Japan) THE MECHANISM OF ANIMAL COLOR VISION Mitsuo Tonoike Masamme Takebayashi and Yutaka Kurioka Jan 1976 100 p refs In JAPANESE ENGLISH summary (Rept-186) Avail NTIS HC $5 00 A survey of animal color vision from two viewpoints electrophysiological and behavioral is described Color vision mechanisms of both invertebrates and vertebrates are introduced -and results on specific animals are summarized Similarities of the Macaque monkey to human beings in color vision, and physiological results in the visual pathway from the retina to the visual cortex are described These results give useful information on the visual pathway in the study of human color vision B B N76-27818# Deutsche Forschungs- und Versuchsanstalt fuer Luft- und Raumfahrt Bad Godesberg (West Germany) Inst fuer Flugmedizm ONTOGENETIC DEVELOPMENT OF ARTEMIA SALINA IN LOW AND HIGH PRESSURES Ph D Thesis - Bonn Univ Renate Peters 15 Mar 1976 44 p refs InGERMAN ENGLISH summary Report will also be announced as translation (DLR-FB-76-19) Avail NTIS HC $400 DFVLR Cologne DM 18.70 The influence of different atmospheric pressures on the development of the eggs of Artemia salma was investigated In a total of 65 experiments the animals were bred up to the stage of the first nauplius in low and high pressures as well as under normal atmospheric conditions It was found that the space of time needed for full development was constant throughout whereas the time of incubation i e the interval between the beginning of each experiment and the moment of microscopically perceptible hatching was reduced Factors which affected the results of the experiments are accounted for Author (ESA) N76-27819# Advisory Group for Aerospace Research and Development Paris (France) THE ROLE OF THE CLINICAL LABORATORY IN AERO- SPACE MEDICINE Raymond G Troxler. ed (School of Aerospace Med ) May 1976 127 p refs Presented at the Aerospace Med Panel Specialists Meeting Ankara Turkey 23 Oct 1975 (AGARD-CP-180 ISBN-92-835-0165-9) Copyright Avail NTIS HCS600 Papers are presented which consider laboratory screening 255 N76-27820 of aircraft pilots and crews Specific topics discussed include early detection of disease assessment of stress in air traffic controllers and pilots and selection of pilots based on results of physical examinations N76-27820 New York State Univ. Syracuse Dept of Pathology THE LABORATORY ROLE IN EARLY DETECTION OF DISEASE John Bernard Henry In AGARD The Role of the Clin Lab in Aerospace Med May 1976 5 p refs Copyright Utilization of laboratory measurements and examinations in the early detection of disease is discussed The complex interrelations of sensitivity specificity and incidence and the predictive value of positive results are emphasized J M S N76-27821 Viale Univ Rome (Italy) LABORATORY EMPLOYMENT IN AEROSPACE MEDICINE G Paolucci In AGARD The Role of the Clm Lab in Aerospace Med May 1976 2 p refs Copyright Laboratory applications in aerospace medicine are sum- marized These include (1) determination of the emo-biochemical state in normal or pathological conditions (21 detection of emotional changes in flight (3) evaluation of tissue damage in traumatized persons and (4) applications to aviation casualties Urinary catechelamme determination and measurement of activity of some serum enzymes are among the techniques discussed J M S N76-27822 School of Aerospace Medicine Brooks AFB Tex Aerospace Medical Div COMMON PROBLEMS ENCOUNTERED IN LABORATORY SCREENING OF USAF FLIGHT CREWS FOR LATENT CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE R G Troxler In AGARD The Role of the Clm Lab in Aerospace Med May 1976 11 p refs Copyright Laboratory screening to identify men at increased risk for coronary artery disease is discussed Annual determination of cholesterol and tnglycende levels monitoring of accuracy and precision by in-house and external quality control and effects of biological variability are among the factors included Data are presented showing that separation of diseased from nondiseased population improves with increased laboratory precision A normal range based on percentiles for 925 USAF male flyers without detectable coronary artery disease is also presented The limitations of this method of normal ranges are discussed Author Radioimmunoassays ( R I A s ) which permit quantitative determination for serum components especially hormones and immunoglobulms such as IgE in very slight concentrations as well as Pharmaceuticals such as digitalis are considered The RIA s are based on the antigen-antibody reaction in which the substance to be measured and the corresponding radioactively labelled substance compete for binding sites on the specific antibody Interpretation of the measurement results and further development are discussed Author N76-27825 School of Aerospace Medicine Brooks AFB Tex Epidemiology Div THE ROLE AND LIMITATIONS OF RADIOIMMUNOASSAY AS A LABORATORY DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURE Robert L Buchenauer In AGARD The Role of the Clm Lab in Aerospace Med May 1976 5 p refs Copyright The basic concepts of radioimmunoassay (RIA) and competi- tive protein binding (CPB) are reviewed The characteristic features of sensitivity and specificity are discussed as they relate to the problems and limitations of test variability and biological interference in the performance of radioassays in the clinical laboratory Potential problems due to improper patient preparation and specimen collection and handling are mentioned A survey is presented of selected biological compounds that can currently be measured by radioimmunoassay and related techniques Author N76-27826 Laboratoire de Medecme Aerospatiale Bretigny-sur- Orge (France) APPLICATION OF FLIGHT STRESS SIMULATION TECH- NIQUES FOR THE MEDICAL EVALUATION OF AIRCREW PERSONNEL [POSSIBILITE DE L'UTILISATION DES MOYENS DE SIMULATION DES AGRESSIONS AERONAU- TIQUES POUR L'EXPERTISE MEDICALE DU PERSONNEL NAVIGANT] J Demange R Auffret B Vettes and J L Poirier In AGARD The Role of the Clm Lab in Aerospace Med May 1976 7 p refs In FRENCH The role that may be played by an aerospace medicine laboratory well equipped with simulation tools such as centrifuges, vibration generators etc and measuring tests such as physiologic and psychophysiologic examinations in the more difficult medical evaluation of aircrew personnel was described This is based on the logic that in borderline cases a final decision on the medical fitness of pilots for flight status should only be reached after completion of tests that simulate as realistically as possible the stresses actually encountered in flight In addition such a laboratory is able by repeating such tests to objectively obtain longitudinal data on a pilot to study transient favorable or unfavorable changes and to observe the long-term effects of aging Transl by YJA N76-27823 Institute of Aviation Medicine, Fuerstenfeldbruck (West Germany) EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDIES OF SUBCLINICAL DIABETES MELLITUS K Reichenbach-Khnke In AGARD The Role of the Clm Lab in Aerospace Med May 1976 4 p refs The incidence of asymptomatic subclimcal, or chemical diabetes in pilots and pilot applicants is studied A coincidence of other biochemical data of liver and risk factors of coronary disease with regard to hypertension obesity, and ECG is also examined Methods used and results are briefly discussed J M S N76-27824 Marburg Univ (West Germany) RADIOIMMUNOASSAYS NEW LABORATORY METHODS IN CLINIC AND RESEARCH E H Craul and H Mueller In AGARD The Role of the Clm Lab in Aerospace Med May 1976 9 p refs Copyright N76-27827 Army Aeromedical Research Lab Fort Rucker Ala AVIATOR PERFORMANCE BIOMEDICAL. PHYSIOLOGI- CAL, AND PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF PILOTS DURING EXTENDED HELICOPTER FLIGHT Kent A Kimball and David B Anderson In AGARD The Role of the Clm Lab in Aerospace Med May 1976 15 p refs Copyright The physiological psychologica1 and performance effects of extended helicopter flight are investigated Measurements of biochemical physiological and psychological parameters were obtained and compared with inflight performance measures obtained by the USAARL Helicopter Inflight Monitoring System Six rotary wing aviators performed extended daily flight missions for a period of five days In addition when not flying various psychological tests were administered Physiological and biochemi- cal monitoring were conducted throughout the five day period The aviators were on a controlled diet and slept approximately three hours each night Preliminary findings are presented in relation to performance biochemical physiological and psycholog- ical parameters Author 256 N76-27834 N76-27828 Civil Aeromedical Inst Oklahoma City Okla Aviation Physiology Lab STUDIES ON STRESS IN AVIATION PERSONNEL, ANALY- SIS AND PRESENTATION OF DATA DERIVED FROM A BATTERY OF MEASUREMENTS C E Melton J M McKenzie J T Saldiver and Marlene Hoffmann In AGARD The Role of the Clin Lab in Aerospace Med May 1976 6 p refs Copyright Determination of stress in aircraft pilots and air traffic controllers is considered The complexity of the data derived from batteries of measurements of stress is discussed A method is described in which data related to stress indicators are weighted so that their importance is equivalent The weighted value are integrated to yield an index C sub s which allows a compara- tive overview of stress in air traffic control facilities Data so normalized can be presented in graphic form without oversimplific- ation The method increases the usefulness of stress studies to managers Author N76-27829 Army Research Inst of Environmental Medicine Natick Mass THE FIELD ARTILLERY FIRE DIRECTION CENTER AS A LABORATORY AND FIELD STRESS-PERFORMANCE MODEL 1 POSITION PAPER 2 PROGRESS TOWARDS AN EXPERIMENTAL MODEL J W Stokes L E Banderet R P Francesconi A Cymerman and J B Sampson In AGARD The Role of the Clm Lab in Aerospace Med May 1976 10 p refs Copyright The 5-man fire direction center (FDC) common to all Field Artillery batteries was chosen for study in the laboratory and field to evaluate the impact of environmental and situational stress on the complex performance of highly trained and motivated individuals working together as a team The working environment of a field FDC was simulated within a hypobanc chamber and a volunteer FDC team from an elite U S Army unit was tested using realistic matched combat scenarios To minimize practice effects the team was initially given 26 hours of intensified training (ITS) The team was then tested blinded as to the altitude condition for 48 hours at both a control altitude and high altitude the team rested 22 hours between ITS and control and 48 hours between control and the high altitude conditions Mission performance during ITS and control was sensitive to disrupted sleep-rest cycles with errors clustering at times of low arousal At high altitude performance was less efficient during the first 10 hours most serious errors involved processing of digits Over learned FDC skills showed little deterioration even when the men were ill with acute moutam sickness Compensatory behaviors were evident and technical performance for the last 38 hours at high altitude equalled or exceeded control Thus communica- tions psychomotor and judgement aspects of FDC performance as well as measures of symptoms mood and neuroendocrine response appear differentially sensitive to psychological stress hypoxia and fatigue Author N76-27830 Institute of Aviation Medicine Fuerstenfeldbruck (West Germany) EXPERIENCE WITH ELGCTROENCEP H A LOG R AP H Y IN APPLICANTS FOR FLYING TRAINING 1971 AND 1972 H Oberhole In AGARD The Role of the Clm Lab in Aerospace Med May 1976, 6 p refs Copyright Standard criteria for defining abnormal tracings in electroen- cephalography are summarized These criteria are evaluated in relation to flying fitness examinations J M S N76-27831 Centro di Studi e Ricerche di Medicma Aeronautica e Spaziale Rome (Italy) BEHAVIOR OF SOME RESPIRATORY PARAMETERS IN CANDIDATE PILOTS A COMPARATIVE STUDY BETWEEN TWO DIFFERENT GROUPS EXAMINED AT TEN YEARS INTERVAL C A Ramacci and G Memen In AGARD The Role of the Clm Lab in Aerospace Med May 1976 7p refs Copyright The hypothesis that static respiratory values could undergo a change in the course of time in the same age groups was studied A comparison was carried out between two groups of candidate military pilots The respiratory parameters taken into consideration were vital capacity and time vital capacity The results show that no significant change took place It is still deemed advisable to perform periodic checks The existence of other elements that could exert a certain influence on the parameters studied was established Author N76-27832 Italian Air Force Medical Service H Q Rome SURVEY ON MEDICAL REQUIREMENTS AND EXAMINA- TION PROCEDURES FOR THE PREVENTION OF TRAUMA- TIC AND NON-TRAUMATIC OSTEOARTHROPATHIES DUE TO FLYING ACTIVITIES Gaetano Rotondo In AGARD The Role of the Clm Lab in Aerospace Med May 1976 6 p refs Copyright The criteria the medical requirements and the examination procedures employed during the selection of pilots are examined in terms of the osteoarticular system and the spine The conditions facilitating the occurance of osteo-arthropathies during high speed flight are emphasized Author N76-27833 Centro di Studi e Ricerche di Medicma Aeronautica e Spaziale Rome (Italy) CONTROL OF HEMOSTATIC DISORDERS IN AIR FORCE PERSONNEL G Blundo and G Paolucci In AGARD The Role of the Clm Lab in Aerospace Med May 1976 2 p refs Copyright A general examination was carried out to establish the risk from possible hemostatic disorders due to diseases drugs or toxic industrial products, of subjects occupationally exposed to traumatisms The hemostatic process was examined by studying partial thromboplastin time prothrombin time, thromboelastographic record, platelet count, and individual anamnesis The data obtained are discussed with respect to frequencies of hemostatic disorders found and the utility of laboratory control in medical examination Author N76-27834 Service de Same pour I Armee de I Air Pans (France) INVESTIGATIONS OF THE BLOOD VESSELS ELASTIC EXPANSION. HEART OUTPUT. AND HEART RHYTHM, BASED ON THE MEASUREMENT OF VARIATIONS IN THE THORACIC ELECTRIC IMPEDANCE [EVALUATION DE LA DISTENSIBILITE VASCULAIRE DU DEBIT CARDIAQUE. ET DE LA CHRONOLOGIE CARDIAQUE. PAR LA MEASURE DES VARIATIONS D'IMPEDANCE ELECTRIQUE THORACI- QUE] J Colin. J Demange and J Langlois In AGARD The Role of the Clm Lab in Aerospace Med May 1976 12 p refs In FRENCH Copyright Changes in the electric impedance measured with electrodes on the anterior portion of the thorax near the descending aorta were found to be proportional to the volumetric changes of the thoracic vessels in that region Investigations of the effect of age on the data obtained with 91 healthy subjects disclosed that the change in the electric impedance are partly caused by changes in the elasticity of the blood vessels The experimental data was also used to study the systolic volume and heart output Calibration was obtained using 120 simultaneous measurements with the dilution method and electric impedance data on cardiac subjects The results obtained with healthy subjects are in good agreement with those previously obtained using Ficks method especially in regards to the effects of age and position On the other hand, the mediocre correlation between the dilution and electric impedance methods with cardiac subjects makes this approach presently impractical clinically Transl by YJA 257 N76-27835 IM76-27835 Amsterdam Univ (Netherlands) THE INFLUENCE OF ALCOHOL ON SOME VESTIBULAR TESTS A J Greven W J Oosterveld and Wilhelmma Gasthuis In AGARD The Role of the Clm Lab in Aerospace Med May 1976 6 p Copyright In human subjects the influence of an alcoholic beverage on some vestibular tests was examined 48 experiments were conducted in 27 normal humans 15 men and 12 women The effect of alcohol was observed upon fixation nystagmus gaze nystagmus the visual tracking pendulum test and the optokmetic induced nystagmus Alcohol was given in four different quantities 01 02. 04 and 08 g/kg body weight as whiskey (34%) With each dosage 12 experiments were performed in 12 subjects (6 men and 6 women) Author N76-27836 Advisory Group for Aerospace Research and Development Pans (France) THE CONTRIBUTION OF SKIN BIOPSY TO THE DETECTION OF VASCULAR SENESCENCE, RELATIONSHIP WITH CAROTIGRAM C F Nogues R Carre f Lizeray and E Cava In its The Role of the Clm Lab in Aerospace Med May 1975 9 p refs In FRENCH Copyright The significance of the I/A ratio in the carotidogram was demonstrated where I is the amplitude of the catacrotic incisure and A is the total amplitude of the curve Studies performed with hydraulic models have shown that this ratio increases with the peripheral resistance and a decrease in the elasticity This ratio was compared to changes in the skin microscopic structure observed following biopsies performed in the region of the posterior iliac spine using data obtained from 93 aircrew members a very close correlation was observed between the skin structure and the I/A ratio It follows from this that the carotidogram may be used in studies of the arterial pulse and gives an indication of the biologic age Transl by YJ A N76-27837*# Lehigh Univ Bethlehem, Pa Center for Surface and Coatings Research ELECTROPHORESIS EXPERIMENT FOR SPACE Final Report John W Vanderhoff and F J Micale Apr 1976 87 p (Contract NAS8-28654) (NASA-CR-149925) Avail NTIS HC $5 00 CSCL 06A The Apollo 16 electrophoresis experiment was analyzed demonstrating that the separation of the two different-size monodisperse latexes did indeed take place but that the separation was obscured by the pronounced electroosmotic flow of the liquid medium The results of this experiment however were dramatic since it is impossible to carry out a similar separation on earth It can be stated unequivocally from this experiment that any electrophoretic separation will be enhanced under microgravity conditions The only question is the degree of this enhancement which can be expected to vary from one experimental technique to another The low-electroosmotic- mobility coating (Z6040-MC) developed under this program was found to be suitable for a free-fluid electrophoretic separation such as the experiment designed for the ASTP flight The problem with this coating, however is that its permanency is limited because of the slow desorption of the methylcellulose from the coated surface Author N76-27838*# Kanner (Leo) Associates Redwood City Calif PRELIMINARY RESULTS OF AN EXPERIMENT ON HUMAN CHRONOBIOLOGY AND NEUROBIOLOGY IN A SUBTER- RANEAN ENVIRONMENT 1 LIFE ON A BICIRCADIAN RHYTHM (P ENGLENDER) 2 LIFE IN CONTINUOUS LIGHT (J CHABERT) LONGITUDINAL ANALYSIS AND COMPUTER CORRELATION OF NEUROLOGIC. PSYCHO- LOGICAL AND PHYSIOLOGIC DATA COLLECTED IN BEYOND-TIME CAVE EXPERIMENTS FROM 1968-1969 M Siffre Washington NASA Jun 1976 330 p refs Transl into ENGLISH of Convention de Recherche de la Delegation Generale a la Recherche Scientifique et Technique DGRST-70/ 02/183 France p 1-346 (Contract NASw-2790) (NASA-TT-F-15499 DGRST-70/02/183) Avail NTIS HC $1000 CSCL 06S Two simultaneous experiments are described that give confirmation of the fact that human beings will spontaneously adopt a 48-hour sleep-wakefulness rhythm when placad under beyond-time conditions in a subterranean environment such as a cave The time required for the onset of this rhythm vanes with the individual however one subject achieved it in 15 days while another did so only after three months It was found that sleep requirements do not increase in proportion to the period of the cycle on an average of 1/3 more sleep it was possible to achieve more than twice the activity duration Alertness was measured through various tests including reaction time grip strength and dexterity and these findings were correlated with various physiologic parameters -- most importantly, polygraphic recordings of sleep Results indicate that there is no decrease in alertness on a 48-hour rhythm Author N76-27839*# National Aeronautics and Space Administration Lyndon B Johnson Space Center Houston. Tex A LOGIC-CONTROLLED OCCLUSIVE CUFF SYSTEM Patent Application Joseph T Baker (Technol Inc Houston Tex ) William W Hursta (Technol Inc Houston. Tex) and George W Hoffler inventors (to NASA) Filed 1 Jun 1976 14 p (Contract NAS9-13291) (NASA-Case-MSC-14836-1 US-Patent-Appl-SN-691647) Avail NTIS HC $3 50 CSCL 06B -, The occlusive cuff system of this invention comprises a pressure cuff and a source of regulated compressed gas feeding the cuff through an electrically operated fill valve An electrically operated vent valve vents the cuff to the ambient pressure The fill valve is normally closed and the vent valve is normally open In response to an external start signal a logic network opens the fill valve and closes the vent valve thereby starting the pressurization cycle A pressure transducer continuously monitors the pressure in the cuff When the transducer s output equals a selected reference voltage a comparator causes the logic network to close the fill valve and start a timer The timer after a selected time delay opens the vent valve to the ambient pressure thereby ending the pressurization cycle NASA N76-27840# Oak Ridge National Lab . Tenn HEALTH PHYSICS DIVISION Annual Progress Report, period ending 30 Jun 1975 ' P T Perdue and D J Christian 30 Jun 1975 323 p refs (Contract W-7405-eng-26) (ORNL-5046) Avail NTIS A liquid organic scmtillator. combined with solvent extrac- tion techniques, can provide a sensitive means to measure small amounts of alpha-emitting heavy metals Progress is reported on a recent effort to optimize both the detection system and the solvent extraction process for liquid organic scmtillators Radiation levels in human bone and tissue samples were monitored and the applications of dosimetry to nuclear weapons fallout nuclear reactor safety, and industrial safety are exa- mined NSA N76-27841# Erno Raumfahrttechnik G m b H Bremen (West Germany) SPACE SLED FACILITY, PHASE A Final Report Apr 1976 135 p (Contract ESA-SC/89-HQ) (ESA-CR(P)-802) Avail NTIS HC $6 00 A multipurpose facility called space sled is proposed for vestibular research on human and animal test subjects in Spacelab with the following characteristics specially formed seat/platform for test subjects fixation suspended in a vertically mounted gimbal structure for test subjects positioning guided by two rails mounted in front of each Spacelab rackside for safety reasons, and driven by electromotor via capstan drive This facility provides various rectilinear and oscillating acceleration profiles for mechanical stimulation of the test subject Provisions for mounting an optokmetic and caloric stimulation device are foreseen With the proposed design disturbing uncontrolled accelerations can be 258 N76-27852 prevented to a level of 0001 g (001 g for constant g oscillation) theoretically as the analysis of the dynamic behavior of the structure and acceleration control system show Author (ESA) N76-27842# European Space Agency Pans (France) SPACE LAB AND ITS UTILIZATION FOR BIOMEDICAL EXPERIMENTS G Seibert 1975 23 p Presented at the 18th COSPAR Meeting Varna Bulg 29 May - 7 Jun 1975 Avail NTIS HC $3 50 Opportunities of using Spacelab for biomedical investigations are reviewed Essential knowledge required is concerned with the performance of the vestibular balancing mechanism and the related problem of stomach awareness Safety of the crew and their genetic cells in relation to cosmic radiation is considered vital The effect of zero gravity on the cardiovascular system will be studied Animals and plants will be included in the experiments ESA N76-27843# Minnesota Univ Minneapolis Lab of Neuro- physiology DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF HUMAN MOTOR PERFORMANCE IN CONTROL SYSTEMS Final Scientific Report C A Terzuolo Aug 1975 9 p refs (Grant AF-AFOSR-1969-71 AF Proj 9777) (AD-A020662 AFOSR-76-0054TR) Avail NTIS CSCL06/16 The following Air Force research projects were reported on Motor control Data Processing by Small Neuronal Networks Reflex Control of Respiration Membrane Properties Leading to Repetitive Firing Muscle Spindle Properties and Decoding and Classification of Visual Patterns by Humans GRA N76-27844# Human Resources Research Organization Alexandria Va A PARTIALLY ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY ON OPTIMAL WORK-REST CYCLES Consulting Report John D Engel and Harold P Bishop Mar 1971 51 p refs (Contract DAHC19-70-C-0012 'DA Proj 2QO-62107-A-712) (AD-A020655) Avail NTIS CSCL 05/10 A bibliography was undertaken to review those studies whose results would assist in the eventual selection of optimal work-rest cycles for specified types of performance It became apparent during the literature search that only a few laboratory experiments clearly dealt with the work-rest cycling question Hence it was necessary to examine the results of a number of other studies which were less directly concerned with the question but were pertinent In general, the studies were those in which observations of performance extended for a period of 24 hours or longer since it was felt that such a period of observation was the minimum necessary for valid applicability to the scheduling of work and rest over prolonged intervals Author N76-27845# Science Applications. Inc , El Segundo Calif EFFECTS OF SULFUR OXIDES ON THE LUNG AN ANALYTIC BASE PART 2 APPENDIX D F Hausknecht and R A Ziskmd Sep 1975 148 p refs Sponsored by Elec Power Res Inst (PB-249685/9 SAI-75-566-LA-Pt-2 EPRI-205A) Avail NTIS HC $600 CSCL 06T Proceedings are presented from a workshop panel comprised of experts in sulfur oxide toxicology pulmonary medicine mathematical modeling of the respiratory system including detailed morphometry and cytology Each of the reviewers was provided a copy of the report in draft several weeks before the workshop which was conducted November 25 and 26 1974 at EPRI Headquarters in Palo Alto The reviewers were requested to comment on the validity and adequacy of the approach described in achieving the goals stated in the report The written reviews provided by the workshop participants are reproduced in this report GRA N76-27846# Advisory Group for Aerospace Research and Development. Paris (France) FOURTH ADVANCED OPERATIONAL AVIATION MEDICINE COURSE A N Nicholson May 1976 105 p refs Course held at Farnborough England 17-26 Jun 1975 (AGARD-R-642) Copyright Avail NTIS HC S5 50 Various aspects of aviation medicine was studied in detail Topics included the training of aircrew in aviation medicine, medical aspects of naval helicopter operations on the northern flank developments in personal equipment with special reference to helmet developments high speed escape and thermal problems and the use of hypnotics in air operations N76-27847 Institute of Naval Medicine, Alverstoke (England) MEDICAL ASPECTS OF OPERATING ON THE NORTHERN FLANK OF NATO W J Blake In AGARD 4th Advanced Operational Aviation Med Course May 1976 4p refs Pre-Arctic and survival training to achieve a higher standard of physical fitness required for Arctic service is described Emphasis is placed on protection and the problems of operating in cold environments Among the main topics discussed are (1) environmental effects (2) use of protective clothing (3) use of shelter (4) life style (5) cold injuries and (6) survival tech- niques B B N76-27849 Royal Naval Air Medical School Seafield Park (England) THE IMMERSION VICTIM F St C Golden In AGARD 4th Advanced Operational Aviation Med Course May 1976 6 p refs The mechanisms involved in the training of rescue crews and the clinical management of the immersion victim are discussed B B N76-27850 Royal Air Force Inst of Aviation Medicine. Farnborough (England) MECHANICS OF HEAD PROTECTION D H Glaister In AGARD 4th Advanced Operational Aviation Med Course May 1976 6 p refs Various standards are discussed which cover three main aspects of helmet design namely (1) impact protection The helmet is struck under controlled conditions against a first or hemispherical anvil and the transmitted force is measured (2) penetration resistance The helmet is struck against a conical anvil having a 0 5 mm radius tip and (3) helmet retention After a moderate preloading period the strap is loaded pro- gressively It is further stated that the standards cover requirements for factors such as flammability extreme cold heat and humidity and individual impact testing of padding materials B B N76-27851 Royal Air Force Inst of Aviation Medicine, Farnborough (England) AUDITORY COMMUNICATION R G Green In AGARD 4th Advanced Operational Aviation Med Course May 1976 3 p The problem of ambient noise in aircraft is discussed with direct relation to auditory communication and aircraft crew members Predominant sources and nature of noise in high performance single and two seat aircraft and propeller driven aircraft are listed Possible solutions to reduce noise and enhance communication are reported B B N76-27852 Royal Air Force Inst of Aviation Medicine Farnborough (England) Applied Vision Section EYE PROTECTION AND PROTECTIVE DEVICES D H Brennan In AGARD 4th Advanced Operational.Aviation Med Course May 1976 8p ref Major ocular hazards encountered in military aviation and some protective measures which may be adopted are discussed The hazards considered are solar glare bird strike wind blast miniature detonating cord lasers and nuclear flash Author 259 N76-27853 N76-27853 Royal Air Force Inst of Aviation Medicine Farnborough (England) Flight Systems Section HELMET MOUNTED SIGHTS AND DISPLAYS John Laycock In AGARD 4th Advanced Operational Aviation Med Course May 1976 6 p refs The possible applications of helmet mounted sights and displays are considered Brief details of the software and hardware problems which may be experienced with such systems are given before outlining in more detail the psychological problems encountered The manner in which the rate of visual informa- tion processing by the pilot may be increased by varying physical parameters is discussed Author N76-27854 Royal Air Force Inst of Aviation Medicine Farnborough (England) WARNING SYSTEMS IN AIRCRAFT CONSIDERATIONS FOR MILITARY OPERATIONS 0 C Reader In AGARD 4th Advanced Operational Aviation Med Course May 1976 3p refS' The principles employed in the design of warning systems in aircraft are presented Visual auditory, and tactile signals are discussed in detail It is concluded that the concept of visual display combined in a sensory warning system is probably the most efficient method of presenting essential emergency information to the crew It is further stated that apart from a few specific cases audio warnings do not have distinct advantages over visual displays B B N76-27857 Royal Air Force Inst of Aviation Medicine Farnborough (England) PHYSIOLOGICAL LIMITATIONS TO HIGH SPEED ESCAPE David H Glaister In AGARD 4th Advanced Operational Aviation Med Course May 1976 5p refsi The forces which must be imposed for satisfactory high-speed ejection approach or even surpass the limits of human tolerance at several stages in the ejection sequence are (1) the +Gz acceleration of the ejection seat (2) the -Gx acceleration due to wind drag (3) direct (pressure) and indirect (flail) effects of wind blast, (4) other mertial forces (centrifugal, tangential) due to seat instability (5) opening shock of drogue parachute and mam canopy and (6) ground impact Of these forces the first must be increased to achieve tail fin clearance at high speed the second and third increase with the square of indicated air speed the fourth increases with airspeed, and the fifth must be increased if escape is to be successful in the high-speed low-level case Only the last force is uninfluenced by aircraft speed at ejection and the message is clear - high speed has a major effect on forces imposed during assisted escape from aircraft These forces are considered in relation to the mechanism of injury incidence of injury, tolerance to injury and in particular, to the influence of air speed at ejection Author N76-27858 Royal Air Force Inst of Aviation Medicine Farnborough (England) PRINCIPLES AND PROBLEMS OF HIGH SPEED EJEC- TION A J Barwood In AGARD 4th Advanced Operational Aviation Med Course May 1976 4 p The principles of ejection are described to recover aircrew uninjured which is best achieved by the use of as simple an escape system as technically possible Once the system has been initiated all sequences automatically follow and there is no further action required by the ejectee until he is descending on a fully deployed parachute The hazards of ejection and the development of the open ejection seat system up to the maximal capability are briefly described The sequences of ejection on a typical Martin Baker Aircraft escape system are outlined to stress the simplicity and therefore technical reliability of this system as used in the majority or service aircraft in the UK Services Author N76-27859 Royal Air Force Inst of Aviation Medicine Farnborough (England) CURRENT AND FUTURE ESCAPE SYSTEMS D C Reader In AGARD 4th Advanced Operational Aviation Med Course May 1976 2 p The role of escape systems in fixed wing military aircraft is now well established Almost all combat fixed wing aircraft in NATO countries are equipped with ejection seats and considerable effort is spent on improving the performance of these seats for future aircraft Some of these areas where current escape systems are deficient and some ways in which future systems seek to overcome those deficiencies are described Author N76-27860 Royal Air Force Inst of Aviation Medicine. Farnborough (England) HELICOPTER ESCAPE AND SURVIVABILITY D C Reader In AGARD 4th Advanced Operational Aviation Med Course May 1976 2 p Military helicopters are not equipped with ejection seats as are fixed wing aircraft Escape systems are presented to fill the need for helicopter aircrew protection ASK N76-27861 Royal Air Force Inst of Aviation Medicine, Farnborough (England) THE PHYSIOLOGY OF HIGH G PROTECTION B J Usher In AGARD 4th Advanced Operational Aviation Med Course May 1976 2 p refs The introduction of several new combat aircraft which have the structural integrity and the engine power to execute maneuvers at high levels of acceleration for considerable periods of time remtroduces the concept that certain operations, particularly air to air combat may be physiologically limited rather than limited by aircraft design parameters An acceleration level of 8G sustained for 60 seconds has been suggested as a point to which acceleration protection should be aimed although higher G levels for shorter periods of time can be expected Two methods of high G protection are presented one using a reclining seat and the other using immersion of the body in water Author N76-27862 Royal Air Force Inst of Aviation Medicine Farnborough (England) A COMPARISON OF RECENT ADVANCES IN BRITISH ANTI-G SUIT DESIGN J W Davies In AGARD 4th Advanced Operational Aviation Med Course May 1976 3p refs Comparisons in the field of a knee length anti-G suit and an external anti-G suit with the standard British anti-G suit worn close to the skin are described and the results discussed Author N76-27863 Royal Air Force Inst of Aviation Medicine Farnborough (England) THERMAL PROBLEMS IN MILITARY AIR OPERATIONS J R Allan In AGARD 4th Advanced Operational Aviation Med Course May 1976 2 p The thermal problems of an aircrew functioning m air operations over the full range of natural environments arej 1 ASKdiscussed N76-27864 Royal Air Force Inst of Aviation Medicine Farnborough (England) Cold Environment Research Section OPERATIONS IN COLD ENVIRONMENTS P Marcus In AGARD 4th Advanced Operational Aviation Med Course May 1976 3 p The incidence of cold stress in military aviation is discussed together with methods for overcoming the problems it poses by cabin conditioning or by the use of insulating or heated garments Protective clothing is also required by aircrew to aid survival in emergencies and the principles of its design are 260 N76 27872 considered Lastly an account is given of the RAF s permanent cold climate detachments and of cold weather operational and survival training Author N76-27865 Royal Air Force Inst of Aviation Medicine Farnborough (England) THERMAL PROBLEMS IN HIGH PERFORMANCE AIR- CRAFT J R Allan In AGARD 4th Advanced Operational Aviation Med Course May 1976 5p ref A general review of current thermal problems in high performance aircraft their origins and current design trends in their solution is given Author N76-27866 Royal Air Force Inst of Aviation Medicine Farnborough (England) PERSONAL THERMAL CONDITIONING Craig Saxton In AGARD 4th Advanced Operational Aviation Med Course May 1976 6 p The inadequacy of cabin conditioning systems in high performance aircraft has resulted in aircrew being exposed to severe heat stress situations within the cockpit environment during certain flight profiles To alleviate the physiological strain imposed upon the man methods of thermally conditioning the micro-environment within flying clothing assemblies have been investigated and applied to operational situations The cooling agents used m the personal thermal conditonmg role have been air or water The former has been utilized either as an evapora- tive agent or convective cooling agent The relative merits of the different personal conditioning systems are discussed and a case made for the development of a practical liquid-cooled suit system for use in present and future high-performance aircraft Author N76-27867 Royal Air Force Inst of Aviation Medicine. Farnborough (England) CABIN PRESSURISATION AND OXYGEN SYSTEMS- REQUIREMENTS J Ernstmg In AGARD 4th Advanced Operational Aviation Med Course May 1976 5p refs The considerable interactions between the physiological requirements for cabin pressurization and the relationship between concentration of oxygen and cabin altitude required of oxygen delivery systems for aircrew in flight are explored Although work performed until 1960 suggested that hypoxia induced by breathing air at altitudes of up to 8 000 feet was acceptable, investigations performed more recently at RAF IAM and elsewhere suggest that the maximum acceptable degree of hypoxia for aircrew in flight is that associated with breathing air at 5 000 feet The incidence of hypoxia due to malfunction of oxygen delivery equipment and of decompression sickness at altitudes above 20000 feet is such that the maximum cabin altitude in combat aircraft should not exceed 20000 to 22 000 feet The concentra- tion of oxygen which must be breathed to avoid transient hypoxia on sudden failure of a pressure cabin even when 100% oxygen is delivered to the respiratory tract immediately the decompression occurs is generally greater in high differential pressure aircraft than that required to prevent significant hypoxia with the pressure cabin intact Even in modern combat aircraft this consideration requires a higher than 5 000 feet equivalent breathing mixture at aircraft altitudes greater than 35 000 feet Author N76-27868 Royal Air Force Inst of Aviation Medicine Farnborough (England) SEAT MOUNTED OXYGEN REGULATOR SYSTEMS IN UNITED KINGDOM AIRCRAFT A J F MacMillan In AGARD 4th Advanced Operational Aviation Med Course May 1976 2 p The rationale for mounting a demand oxygen regulator assembly on the ejection seat of combat aircraft is described The special facilities which have been incorporated in systems used in the Royal Air Force by utilizing the advantages of seat mounting are discussed and it is considered that the system provides true duplication of essential components allows very simple crew drills and reduces aircraft servicing penalties in the event of malfunction of the regulator package Author N76-27869 London Hospital Medical Coll (England) Pharma- cology Section ABSORPTION. METABOLISM AND EXCRETION OF HYPNOTIC DRUGS Stephen H Curry In AGARD 4th Advanced Operational Aviation Med Course May 1976 7p refs Absorption metabolism and excretion are the processes which govern the growth and decay of plasma concentrations of all drugs including hypnotics Variations in plasma concentrations lead to corresponding variations in effect although the exact detail of the relation between level and effect is more complex than is implied by this statement Existing data on absorption metabolism and excretion for the various hypnotic drugs are of variable detail Total absorption of oral doses is generally believed to occur although when systematically examined absorption has sometimes been found to be incomplete Metabolism occurs by a variety of reactions but only occasionally to pharmacologically- active compounds Excretion is of both unchanged drug and metabolites in bile and urine These events and processes as they relate to hypnotic drug actions are considered in detail Author N76-27870 Royal Air Force Inst of Aviation Medicine Farnborough (England) RESIDUAL EFFECTS OF HYPNOTICS A N Nicholson In AGARD 4th Advanced Operational Aviation Med Course May 1976 8 p refs The residual effects of hypnotic drugs after their therapeutic purpose is fulfilled was considered Test subject motor skills were examined for residual effects using a method of adaptive tracking ASK N76-27871*# Baylor Univ Houston Tex Psychophysiology Lab PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PHYSIOLOGICAL CORRELATES OF STRESS PERFORMANCE ON A COOPERATIVE TASK Final Report Robert Roessler Jerry Lester and Ted Knapp 2 Jun 1976 50 p refs (Contract NAS9-13452) (IMASA-CR-147819) Avail NTIS HCS400 CSCL 05E The relationship of personality dimensions to performance was investigated The personality measure used to select subjects the Barratt impulsiveness scale is hypothesized to be related to a style of behavior which should affect the trend of choices which various subjects will make Personality dimensions were specifically examined during performance of a cooperative task the Prisoner s Dilemma Author N76-27872# National Academy of Sciences - National Research Council Washington, D C GUIDELINES FOR DEVELOPING A TRAINING PROGRAM IN NOISE SURVEY TECHNIQUES Final Report William Gately Paul L Michael, and George W Kamperman Jul 1975 34 p refs (Contract N00014-67-A-0244-0021) (AD-A016677 EPA-550/9-75-021) Avail NTIS CSCL 05/9 The report contains guidelines for the content, format organization and administration of a training program for noise survey technicians It is intended to provide assistance to state and local governments in setting up a training program for training technicians to assist in the enforcement of noise ordinances and investigation of noise complaints The program is directed toward trainees with a minimum of a high school education and no previous experience in acoustics The report outlines and explains material to be covered in a 4 1/2 day training program Author 261 N76-27873 N76-27873# San Diego State Foundation Calif SELF-REGULATION AS AN AID TO HUMAN EFFECTIVE- NESS AND BIOCYBERNETICS TECHNOLOGY AND BEHAVIOR Annual Report, 1 Jul 1974 - 31 Dec 1975 Robert L Benshoff Jan 1976 45 p refs (Contracts N00014-70-C-0350 N00014-76-C-0185 ARPA Order 1595 ARPA Order 3065) (AD-A021105) Avail NTIS CSCL 05/10 This report includes a summary and overall conclusions from the 5-year research program concerned with self-regulation as an aid to human effectiveness While the findings clearly demonstrated that self-regulation of most physiological variables were possible the control of these various physiological measures did not consistently lead to enhanced performance The report also includes the current subcontracts awarded under the Biocybernetics Technology and Behavior program The research goals and first years progress of each subcontractor are also presented GRA N76-27874# New Mexico State Umv University Park Dept of Psychology DIMENSIONS OF PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT AND SKILL DEVELOPMENT Final Annual Status Report Warren H Teichner 30 Oct 1975 16 p refs (Contract F44620-71-C-0072 AF Proj 9778) (AD-A021100. AFOSR-76-0052TR) Avail NTIS CSCL 05/10 The research goal of this contract was the development of techniques which might be applied to complex flight trainers on-line to provide (1) diagnostic measures of learning difficulties and (2) remedial steps to overcome the difficulties Three phenomena -- response blocking filtering and queuing — appeared to be especially useful as a source of diagnostic measures In the latter case the signals become lost or distorted All three phenomena are well-known as detrimental stress responses in the learning of complex tasks It appears that response blocking may occur whenever there is a competition either between (1) processes which are required to act upon the same data or between (2) responses to the output of a single process when in each case the competitive elements can only operate one at a time Within the general theoretical framework the most important competitive processes are storing in short-term memory vs retrieval from short-term memory, retrieval from short-term memory vs translation from one stimulus code to another and translation from one stimulus code to another vs translation from a stimulus code to a response code GRA N76-27875# Navy Personnel Research and Development Center San Diego Calif AN EVALUATION OF COMPUTERIZED TESTS AS PREDIC- TORS OF JOB PERFORMANCE 2 DIFFERENTIAL VALIDITY FOR GLOBAL AND JOB ELEMENT CRITERIA Final Report 1 Jul 1972 - 30 Jun 1973 Charles H Cory Jan 1976 59 p refs (NR Proj 150-335 RR0420401) (AD-A020867 NPRDC-TR-76-28) Avail NTIS CSCL 05/10 The report presents data concerning the validity of a set of experimental computerized and paper-and-pencil tests for measures of on-job performance on global and job elements It reports on the usefulness of 30 experimental and operational variables for predicting marks on 42 job elements and on a global criterion for electrician s mate personnelman sonar technician and apprenticeship rating groups GRA N76-27876# Minnesota Univ Minneapolis Dept of Psychology A SIMULATION STUDY OF STRADAPTIVE ABILITY TESTING C David Vale and David J Weiss Dec 1975 61 p refs (Contract N00014-76-C-0243 NR Pro| 150-382 RR0420401) (AD-A020961, RR-75-6) Avail NTIS CSCL 05/10 A conventional test and 2 forms of a stradaptive (stratified adaptive) test were administered to thousands of simulated subjects by minicomputer Characteristics of the three tests using several scoring techniques were investigated while varying the discriminating power of the items, the lengths of the tests and the availability of prior information about the testee s ability level The tests were evaluated in terms of their correlations with underlying ability the amount of information they provided about ability and the equiprecision of measurement they exhibited The major findings are listed GRA N76-27877# Bolt Beranek. and Newman Inc Cambridge Mass PROCESSES IN ACQUIRING KNOWLEDGE Semiannual Technical Report. 15 Sep 1975 - 30 Mar 1976 Allan Collins Jan 1976 63 p refs (Contract N00014-76-C-0083 ARPA Order 2284 NR Pro) 154-379 RR0420401) (AD-A020270 BBN-3231, SATR-1) Avail NTIS CSCL 05/9 The objective of this paper is to develop a theory of Socratic tutoring in the form of pattern-action (or production) rules for a computer program These pattern action rules are being programmed on a computer system for tutoring causal knowledge and reasoning The production rules were derived from analysis of a variety of tutorial dialogues The analysis accounts for the specific teaching strategies used by the tutors in the dialogues within a content-independent formalism The paper includes twenty-three production rules derived from the data analyzed GRA N76-27878*# Joint Publications Research Service. Arlington. Va MAN, THE BIOSPHERE, AND SPACE Nikolay Aleksandrovich Agadzhanyan Washington NASA Jul 1976 17 p refs Transl into ENGLISH from Pnroda (USSR) no 4 Apr 1976 p 4-13 (NASA Order W-13183) (NASA-TT-F-15495) Avail NTIS HC $3 50 CSCL 06S Several medical and biological problems in the flights of the manned space stations are discussed including the different atmospheres used in U S and U S S R spacecraft the problems of transferring crew members between the Soyuz and Apollo spacecraft with the different atmospheres, the microbe exchange and fungi experiments on the Soyuz-Apollo mission, and physiological problems on long space flights including details for the Russian cosmonauts who were on the Soyuz-Apollo and the Soyuz-Salyut flights Possible applications of the results of space medical research to terrestrial health problems and the future possible colonization of interplanetary space are also discussed Author N76-27879*# Scientific Translation Service Santa Barbara Calif LIVING AND WORKING IN SPACE L A Gilberg Washington NASA Jul 1976 71 p Transl into ENGLISH of the mono Novoye v Zhizni Nauke Tekhnike Senya Kosmonavtika Astronomiya. No 12 Zhizn i Rabota v Kosmose Moscow Znaniye Press 1975 p 1-63 (Contract NASw-2791) (NASA-TT-F-17075) Avail NTIS HC $4 50 CSCL 05E Man s work in space has a number of specific characteristics and occurs under extremely unusual conditions in weightlessness, with large g-forces in the absense of an atmosphere The problems of human adaptation to such conditions and to questions of the life support system of cosmonauts are discussed A number of developments in this field in the U S S R and abroad are given Author N76-27880*# National Aeronautics and Space Administration Ames Research Center Moffett Field Calif REAL-TIME DETECTION AND DATA ACQUISITION SYSTEM FOR THE LEFT VENTRICULAR OUTLINE Ph D Thesis - Stanford Univ Johan Hendnckus Chnstiaan Reiber Washington Jun 1976 311 p refs (NASA-TR-R-461. A-6292) Avail NTIS HC $975 CSCL 06P To automate the data acquisition procedure a real-time contour detection and data acquisition system for the left ventricular outline was developed using video techniques The X-ray image of the contrast-filled left ventricle is stored for subsequent processing on film (cineangiogram) video tape or disc The cineangiogram is converted into video format using a 262 N76-27883 television camera The video signal from either the TV camera video tape or disc is the input signal to the system The contour detection is based on a dynamic thresholding technique Since the left ventricular outline is a smooth continuous function, for each contour side a narrow expectation window is defined in which the next borderpomt will be detected A computer interface was designed and built for the online acquisition of the coordinates using a POP-12 computer The advantage of this system over other available systems is its potential for online real-time acquisition of the left ventricular size and shape during angiocardiography Author N76-27881*# Joint Publications Research Service Arlington Va IN UNEXPECTED SITUATIONS COSMONAUT TRAINING N Fefelev Washington NASA Jun 1976 8 p ref Transl into ENGLISH from Aviat Kosmonavt (USSR), no 5 May 1976 p 40-41 (NASA-TT-F-17078) Avail NTIS HC $3 50 CSCL 05H Unexpected spacecraft flight emergency situations that can occur were tackled by a ground central backup crew personnel Simulated malfunctions on a spacecraft mockup were performed and recommendations were radioed to an orbiting crew Specifically the Apollo-Soyuz space mission is given as an example, and the emergency procedures followed during that mission are reviewed Topics discussed are (1) use of hypnosis to combat space flight fatigue (2) use of stimulants to combat space flight fatigue and (3) psychophysiological factors that influence work capacity and mental alertness in performing such functions as stellar navigation control and communications and meteorological tasks Author N76-27882# Royal Netherlands Aircraft Factories Fokker Schiphol-Oost AIR PASSENGER COMFORT A STUDY ABOUT COMFORT IN GENERAL AND FOR AIR PASSENGERS IN PARTIC- ULAR G B M Mathot Nov 1375 33 p refs |FOK-K-66a) Avail NTIS HC $4 00 A model for air passenger comfort to be used by aircraft designers and manufacturers is defined The model takes into account elements such as noise side to side motion and aesthetics, relations between these elements, and processes such as influence of civilizations social groups marketing and pressure groups Recommendations for further research and design improvements are suggested ESA N76-27883# Medical Biological Lab RVO-TNO Rijswijk (Netherlands) THE USE OF TRITIUM GAS IN LIGHT SOURCES J B T Aten Aug 1975 25 p refs In DUTCH ENGLISH summary (Contract A73/KL/048) IMBL-1975-18 TDCK-66735) Avail NTIS HC S3 50 Radioactive luminous paints have frequently been used for the illumination of objects like dials and pointers For some years new light sources known as betahghts became available Military applications of these betahghts are known and are to be expected at a large scale in the future Attention is given to the radiological health implications of these light sources, proposals for health physics measures are given and the way in which legal regulations can be satisfied are discussed Author (ESA) 263 SUBJECT INDEX AEROSPACE MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY / A Continuing Bibliography I Suppl 159) OCTOBER 1976 Typical Subject Index Listing L SUBJECT HEADING TITLEEXTENSION IinCTIOOS DISEASES -Evaluation of early recognition of viral infections in man using specific gravity of-I lymphocytes [BASA-CB-ia»559] J76-11712 The title is used to provide a description of the subject matter When the title is insufficiently descriptive of the document content a title extension is added separated from the title by three hyphens The NASA or AIAA accession number is included in each entry to assist the user in locating the abstract in the abstract section of this supplement If applicable a report number is also included as an aid in identifying the document ABIOGEBBSIS Cyanogenic compounds in nature and their possible significance Concerning the origin of life ' A76-36216 Foundations of space biology and medicine. Volume 1: space as a habitat [BASA-SP-371-VOL-1] H76-26799 Theoretical and experimental prerequisites of exobiology N76-26806 Search for and investigation of extraterrestrial forms of life N76-26807 ACCBLEBATIOH (PHYSICS) Foundations of space biology and medicine. Volume 2, book 1: Ecological and physiological bases of space biology and medicine [HASA-SP-371-VOL-2-BK-1] N76-26809 Prolonged linear and radial accelerations N76-26811 Impact accelerations B76-26815 ACCBLBBATIOB PROTBCTIOH The physiology of high 6 protection H76-27861 A comparison of recent advances in British anti-G suit design H76-27862 JCCELBIATIOB STRESSES (PBTSIOLOGI) Physiologic and anti-G suit performance data fron Y.F-16 flight tests A76-37075 ACCIDBHT ISVESTIGATIOB Becommendations for criticality accident dosimetry safety factors for accident investigation of a critical mass [CEA-R-<4669] H76-26851 4CCOBBODATIOB Effects of visnal imagery on the accommodation response A76-3663U ACBTT.L COHPOOIDS Protective effect of sone pyridinium compounds against the inhibition of structure bound acetylcholinesterase by Soman in vitro [BBVG-PBiT-75-16] B76-2685U ACBTT.LSALICT.LIC ACID Aspirin therapy in angina pectoris * Effects on platelet aggregation, exercise tolerance, and electrocardiographic manifestations of ischemia A76-36171 ACOUSZIC BBASOBEHBITS Guidelines for developing a training program in noise survey techniques CAD-A016677] 876-27872 1CIIVITI (BIOLOST) Functional changes of hypothalamic neurosecretory centers after hyperbaric oxygenation A76-36643 ACTIVITI CTCLBS (BIOLOGI) Hev data on circadian biorhythmicity of wakefulness and sleep in vertebrates [HASA-TT-F-16986] B76-26793 ADBBHAL 6LABD Bole of thyroid and adrenal medulla hormones in thermoregalation reactions ' A76-36640 Functional state of adrenal cortex of rats after cooling in the hermetically sealed chamber and during adaptation to cooling A76-36641 ADBEHAL BBTABOLISB Bole of the hypothalamns-hypophysis region and the sympathoadrenal system in the organism responses in extremal /stress/ situations A76-37344 AEBOSPACB ESVIBOBBBBTS Preliminary results of an experiment with mammals on the nKos«os-782n biological satellite [BASA-TT-F-15492] H76-26787 Biological effects of extreme environmental conditions considering limits of biosphere N76-26805 Physiology of the sensory sphere under spaceflight conditions N76-2682U Biologic guidelines for future space research N76-26828 ttlectrophoresis experiment for space [BASA-CB-149925] N76-27837 Living and working in space [HASA-TT-F-17075] 1176-27879 AEBOSPACE BBDICIBB Han in space Bussian book on space medicine conference i76-357»it Second expedition of the orbital station Salynt-U - Some results and problems of medical studies A76-35764 EKG-studies concerning an early recognition of the heart-circulation diseases and the condition of the flying personnel A76-36879 The behavior of the retina vessels under hypoxy conditions A76-36880 Foundations of space biology and medicine. Volume 2, book 1: Ecological and physiological bases of space biology and medicine [HASA-SP-37U-VOL-2-BK-1] N76-26809 Foundations of space biology and medicine. Volume 2, book 2: Ecological and physiological bases of space biplogy and medicine [HASA-SP-37U-VOL-2-BK-2] B76-26819 Combined effect of flight factors B76-26826 Hethods of investigation in space biology and medicine, transmission of biomedical data B76-26827 Foundations of space biology and medicine. Volume 3: Space medicine and biotechnology [BASA-SP-371-VOL-3] B76-26829 Basic data for planning life-support systems H76-26830 Clothing and personal hygiene H76-26833 1-1 ABB FACTOB SDBJBCT IBDBZ Protection against radiation (biological, pharmacological, chemical, physical) H76-26840 Nedical cace of spacecrevs, (Hedical care, equipaent, and prophylaxis) B76-26841 Selection of astronauts and cosmonauts 876-26844 Training of cosmonauts and astronauts 1176-26845 in appraisal of future space biomedical research N76-26846 Life sciences payloads analyses and technical program planning studies project planning of space missions of space shuttles in aerospace medicine and space biology [BASA-CB-147799] B76-27812 The cole of the clinical laboratory in aerospace medicine [ACJABD-CP-180] H76-27819 The laboratory role in early detection of disease N76-27820 Laboratory employment in aerospace medicine H76-27821 Epidemiological studies of subclinical diabetes mellitus H76-27823 Application of flight stress simulation techniques for the medical evaluation of aircrew personnel H76-27826 Studies on stress in aviation personnel, analysis and presentation of data derived from a battery of measurements B76-27828 Experience with electroencephalography in applicants for flying training 1971 and 1972 H76-27830 Control of hemostatic disorders in Air Force personnel N76-27833 Fourth Advanced Operational Aviation Medicine Course [AGABD-B-642] B76-27846 Eye protection and protective devices B76-27852 Han, the biosphere, and space aerospace medicine for space missions of Apollo Soynz [B4SA-TT-F-15495] H76-27878 AGE FACTOB Age differences in the spatial vectors and vectorcardiogram utilizing various orthogonal electrocardiographic lead systems A76-35907 AGIHG (BIOLOGY) The contribution of skin biopsy to the detection of vascular senescence, relationship with carotigram H76-27836 AIB Toxicology of the air in closed spaces S76-26811 AIB COBDITIOBIBG Air regenerating and conditioning B76-26832 AIB PDBIFICiTIOl Begenerable device for scrubbing breathable air of C02 and moisture without special heat exchanger equipment for spacecraft cabin atmospheres [H4SA-CASB-BSC-14770-1] H76-26868 Begenerable device for scrubbing breathable air of C02 and moisture without special heat exchanger equipment spacecraft cabin atmospheres [BASA-CASE-BSC-14771-1] 176-26869 AIB IBAFFIC COITBOt Development of a performance criterion for enronte air traffic control personnel research through air traffic control simulation: Experiment 1: Parallel form [FAA-HD-75-186] H76-26863 AIBCBAFt ACCIDEBTS The immersion victim B76-27849 AIBCHAFI COBHOBICATIOH Auditory communication B76-27851 AIBCBAPT IOISE Auditory communication H76-27851 AIBCBAFT PILOTS Early signs of coronary arteriosclerosis in pilots A76-37300 Application of flight stress simulation techniques for the medical evaluation of aircrew personnel H76-27826 Studies on stress in aviation personnel, analysis and presentation of data derived from a battery of measurements 876-27828 Behavior of some respiratory parameters in candidate pilots. A comparative study between two different groups examined at ten years interval B76-27831 Control of hemostatic disorders in Air Force personnel H76-27833 ALCOHOLS The influence of alcohol on some vestibular tests H76-27835 ALGAE Hicrofossils in Conophyton from the Soviet Onion and their bearing on Precambrian biostratigraphy A76-36232 ALGOBITBHS Comparison of different algorithms for p-onset and P-offset recognition in ECG programs —=-A76-35917 ALPHA PABTICLBS Health Physics Division progress in research and development of dosimeters [OBBL-5046] B76-27840 ALTITUDE ACCLIBATIZATIOS Characteristics of nitrogen metabolism in the organism of animals of high and low resistance to hypoxia A76-36644 ALTITUDE SIBOLATIOB Hypoxia and auditory thresholds A76-37072 ABBOIIOH PEBCHLOBATBS Biodegradation of rocket propellant waste, ammonium perchlorate [HASA-CB-148323] B76-27816 AIALOG TO DIGITAL COHTEBTEES Simple method for computer-aided analysis of echocardiograms A76-37277 ABALTSIS OF TABIABCE Estimation of variance components in the automated analysis of vectorcardiograms A76-35911 AIGIBA PBCTOBIS Aspirin therapy in angina pectoris - Effects on platelet aggregation, exercise tolerance, and electrocardiographic manifestations of ischemia A76-36171 ABGIOGBAPHI Computer analysis of the Frank electrocardiogram and vectorcardiogram in patients with segmental areas of akinesia or dyskinesia on left ventricular angiogram A76-35921 AIGOLAB ACCELEBATIOB Angular velocities, angular accelerations, and coriolis accelerations B76-26816 The retention of protective adaptation to motion sickness induced by cross-coupled angular accelerations [AD-AO19294] H76-26B59 ABGOLAB VELOCITY Angular velocities, angular accelerations, and coriolis accelerations B76-26816 AIIBALS The mechanism of animal color vision [BEPT-186] B76-27817 ARHBOPOHBIBI Functional two-dimensional manikins [EAE-LIB-TBAHS-1859] B76-26870 AITIDOTES Antidote effects of atropine, toxogonin, SAD 128 and isoprenalin in rats poisoned with paraoxon £BH?G-FB»T-75-15] B76-26853 1-2 SUBJECT IBDBX BIODIIiHICS APOLLO SOYOZ TEST PEOJBCT Han, the biosphere, and space aerospace medicine for space missions of ipollo Soyuz [HASA-TT-F-15495] H76-27878 In aaexpected situations: Cosmonaut training space flight stress and astronaut performance daring Apollo Soyaz Space Hission emergencies [HASA-TT-F-17078] H76-27881 APT!TODE An evaluation of coopaterized tests as predictors of job performance. 2; Differential validity for global and job eleaent criteria [AD-A020867] 1176-27875 A simulation study of stradaptive ability testing [AD-A020961] B76-27876 ABCIIC BEGIOHS Bedical aspects of operating on the northern flank of NATO 876-27847 ABBBTTBHIA Further reflections on automated ECG interpretation A76-35910 Sinus arrhythmia and heart rate in hypertonic disease A76-35925 ABTEHIA Ontogenetic development of artemia salina in low and high pressures [DlH-FB-76-19] S76-278I8 ABTEBIOSCLEBOSIS Early signs of coronary arteriosclerosis in pilots A76-37300 An experimental investigation of steady and pulsatile flow through partial occlusions in a rigid tube for studying problem of subtotal vascular stenosis occurring with arteriosclerosis H76-2679II ARTIFICIAL GRAVITY Han in space Russian book on space medicine conference A76-35744 ASTBOBAOX PBRFOBHABCB In an unforeseen circumstance astronaut performance under emergency conditions A76-3687 [AGABD-CP-180] 876-27819 The laboratory role in early detection of disease H76-27820 Laboratory employment in aerospace medicine H76-27821 Common problems encountered in laboratory screening of DSAF flight crews for latent coronary artery disease H76-27822 Badioimmunoassays: Hew laboratory methods in clinic and research H76-2782U The role and limitations of radioimnunoassay as a laboratory diagnostic procedure H76-27825 LiSEE OUTPUTS Bio-optical evaluation of specialized eyewear: Laser safety and dark adaptation devices [AD-A019787] H76-26873 LBABIIHG Dimensions of performance assessment and skill development [AD-A021100] H76-27874 Processes in acquiring knowledge [AD-A020270] N76-27877 LEG (ABATOBI) An artificial leg employing a mechanical energy storage device for hip disarticulation [HASA-CASE-ABC-10916-1] H76-26871 LEUKOCYTES Effect of physical loads on morphological and biochemical blood indices A76-36652 LIFE DEIECTOBS The search for life on Oars A76-36751 Foundations of space biology and medicine. Volume 1: Space as a habitat [HASA-SP-370-VOL-1] H76-26799 Search for and investigation of extraterrestrial forms of life N76-26807 LIFE SDPPOBT SISTBHS Spacelab environmental control/life support system-design safety A76-35897 Basic data for planning life-support systems N76-26830 Food and water supply H76-26831 Air regenerating and conditioning S76-26832 Individual, life-support systems outside a spacecraft cabin, space suits and capsules B76-26836 Bonregenerative life-support systems for flights of short and moderate duration B76-26837 Life-support systems for interplanetary spacecraft and space stations for long-term nse B76-26838 Life support systems and research apparatus for performing the Eosmos-782 satellite experiment [HASA-IT-F-15491] H76-26866 LI6BI (VISIBLE BADIATIOI) Dltraviolet, visible, and infrared rays B76-26821 LIGHT SOUBCES The nse of tritium gas in light sources noting health physics [BBL-1975-18] B76-27883 LIIBABITI Prolonged linear and radial accelerations B76-26814 LIPID HEtABOLISB Functional state of the pancreas under the joint influence of hypoxy, hypercapnia, and cooling A76-36649 LOGIC DBSIGB Modularity in VCG/ECG-processing systems A76-35913 LOI TEHPEBATUBE ESVIBOHBBHTS Operations in cold environments B76-27864 LOIGS Effects of sulfur oxides on the long: An analytic base. Part 2: Appendix biological effects and toxicology [PB-249685/9] B76-27845 LTBPB Effect of a 22-day space flight on the lymphoid organs of rats A76-37063 HI BAGBB1IC FIELDS Radio-frequency and microwave energies, magnetic and electric fields B76-26820 BABHALS Kadiobiologic effects at low radiation levels radiation effects on mammals [COHF-750671-2] H76-26850 BABBBD OBBITAL LABOHATOBIBS Living and working in space [HASA-TT-F-17075] H76-27879 BABBBO SPACE FLIGHT Physiology of the sensory sphere under spaceflight conditions 876-26824 Basic data for planning life-support systems H76-26830 Food and water supply H76-26831 Bonregenerative life-support systems for flights of short and moderate duration B76-26837 BABBBD SPACECBAFT Protection of crews of spacecraft and space stations N76-26843 HABOAL COBIBOL Human and nonhuman operators in manual control systems A76-37067 HABIBE EBVIBOBBEBIS The immersion victim H76-27849 HABS (PLASET) The search for life on Bars A76-36751 Foundations of space biology and medicine. Volume 1: Space as a habitat [HASA-SP-374-VOL-1 ] 1176-26799 BABS ATBOSPBBBB The Viking mission search for life on Oars A76-36933 BABS PBOT06BAPHS The Viking mission search for life on Bars A76-36933 1-13 HABS SOEPACE SUBJECT IHDEI HABS SOBFACB The Viking mission search for life on Bars A76-36933 HASKIHG Psychoacoustical equivalents to neurophysiological 'tuning curves' obtained by the method of subsequent masking A76-35892 HBCHAHICAL DEVICES An artificial leg employing a mechanical energy storage device for hip disarticulation [HASA-CASE-ABC-10916-1] H76-26871 HEDICAL ELECTBOHICS Farther reflections on automated ECG interpretation A76-35910 Diagnostic variability of different ECG programs A76-3591* Computer interpretation of electrocardiograms and vectorcardiograms A76-35915 Computer analysis of vectorcardiograms with special reference to segnental polar vector in nyocardial infarction A76-35929 HBDICAL EQDIPHEST Hedical care of spacecrevs, (Hedical care, equipment, and prophylaxis) H76-268U1 HEDICAL PBEHOHEBA Hedical aspects of operating on the northern flank of SATO H76-27847 HBDICAL SEBVICES Redical care of spacecrevs, (Hedical care, equipment, and prophylaxis) B76-26841 HBHBBAHB STBDCTOBES Bole of oonovalent cations in the membrane organization of moderately halophilic bacteria plasmolysis in the Psendomonas sp. [NASA-TT-F-17030] H76-26791 HEHBBABBS Changes in the synovial membrane and in the articular cartilage after intense movement A76-36889 HEHOBT Short-term memory for symmetry A76-36812 METABOLIC BASTES Hater exchange in rats exposed to cold, hypoxia, and both combined A76-37065 Isolation and removal of vaste products H76-2683U HBTABOLISH Hetabolism of Sr-90 and of other elements in man, July 1, 1974 - Jane 30, 1975 [C00-1231-10

Aerospace Medicine and Biology: A continuing bibliography with indexes, supplement 159

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