NASA SP-7043 (15) ENERGY A CONTINUING BIBLIOGRAPHY WITH INDEXES OCTOBER 1977 NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION https://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=19780014516 2020-03-22T04:52:18+00:00Z ACCESSION NUMBER RANGES Accession numbers cited in this Supplement fall within the following ranges: IAA (A-10000 Series) A77-30089 - A77-40470 STAR (N-10000 Series) N77-22042 - N77-28059 Previous publications announced in this series/subject category include: DOCUMENT DATE COVERAGE NASA NASA NASA NASA NASA NASA NASA NASA NASA NASA NASA NASA NASA NASA NASA SP-7042 SP-7043(01) SP-7043(02) SP-7043(03) SP-7043(04) SP-7043(05) SP-7043(06) SP-7043(07) SP-7043(08) SP-7043(09) SP-7043(10) SP-7043(11) SP-7043(12) SP-7043(13) SP-7043(14) April 1974 May-1974 November 1974 February 1975 May 1975 August 1975 October 1975 December 1975 February 1976 April 1976 July 1976 October 1976 January 1977 April 1977 July 1977 January 1968 - December 1973 January 1, 1974 - March 31, 1974 April" 1,' 1974 -June 30, 1974 July 1, 1974 - September 30, 1974 October 1, 1974 - December 31, 1974 January 1, 1975 - March 31, 1975 April 1, 1975 - June 30, 1975 July 1, 1975 - September 30, 1975 October 1, 1975 - December 31, 1975 January 1, 1976 - March 31, 1976 April 1, 1976 - June 30, 1976 July 1, 1976 - September 30, 1976 October 1, 1976 - December 31, 1976 January 1, 1977 - March 31, 1977 April 1, 1977 - June 30, 1977 This bibliography was prepared by the NASA Scientific and Technical Information Facility operated for the National Aeronautics and Space Administration by Informatics Information Systems Company. NASA SP-7043 (15) ENERGY A Continuing Bibliography With Indexes Issue 15 A selection of annotated references to unclassified reports and journal articles that were introduced into the NASA scientific and technical information system and announced from July 1 through September 30, 1977 in • Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports (STAR) • International Aerospace Abstracts (IAA). Scientific and Technical Information Office OCTOBER 1977 NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION Washington, D.C. foreign). INTRODUCTION This issue of Energy: A Continuing Bibliography with Indexes (NASA SP-7043(15)) lists 1112 reports, journal articles, and other documents announced between July 1, 1977 and September 30, 1977 in Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports (STAR) or in International Aerospace Abstracts (I A A). The first issue of this continuing bibliography was published in May 1974 and succeeding issues are published quarterly. The coverage includes regional, national and international energy systems; research and development on fuels and other sources of energy; energy conversion, transport, transmission, distribution and storage, with special emphasis on use of hydrogen and of solar energy. Also included are methods of locating or using new energy resources. Of special interest is energy for heating, lighting, for powering aircraft, surface vehicles, or other machinery. Each entry in the bibliography consists of a standard bibliographic citation accompanied in most cases by an abstract. The listing of the entries is arranged in two major sections, IAA Entries and STAR Entries in that order. The citation, and abstracts when available, are reproduced exactly as they appeared originally in IAA or STAR including the original accession numbers from the respective announcement journals. This procedure, which saves time and money accounts for the slight variation in citation appearances. Five indexes — subject, personal author, corporate source, contract number, and report number — are included. The indexes are of the cumulating type throughout the year, with the fourth quarterly publication containing abstracts for the fourth quarter and index references for the four quarterly publications. AVAILABILITY OF CITED PUBLICATIONS IAA ENTRIES (A77 10000 Series) All publications abstracted in this Section are available from the Technical Information Service. American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Inc. (AIAA). as follows: Paper copies are available at $5.00 per document up to a maximum of 20 pages. The charge for each additional page is 25 cents. Microfiche are available at the rate of $1.50 per microfiche for documents identified by the § symbol following the accession number. A number of publications, because of their special characteristics, are available only for reference in the AIAA Technical Information Service Library. Minimum airmail postage to foreign countries is $1.00. Please refer to the accession number, e.g., (A77-10121). when requesting publications. STAR ENTRIES (N77-10000 Series) One or more sources from which a document announced in STAR is available to the public is ordinarily given on the last line of the citation. The most commonly indicated sources and their acronyms or abbreviations are listed below. If the publication is available from a source other than those listed, the publisher and his address will be displayed on the availability line or in combination with the corporate source line. Avail: NTIS. Sold by the National Technical Information Service. Prices for hard copy (HC) and microfiche (MF) are indicated by a price code followed by the letters HC or MF in the STAR citation. Price codes are given in the tables on page vii of the current issue of STAR. Microfiche'" is available regardless of age for those accessions followed by a # symbol. Initially distributed microfiche under the NTIS SRIM (Selected Research in Microfiche) is available at greatly reduced unit prices. For this service and for information concerning subscription to NASA printed reports, consult the NTIS Subscription Unit. NOTE ON ORDERING DOCUMENTS: When ordering NASA publications (those followed by the * symbol), use the N accession number. NASA patent applications (only the specifications are offered) should be ordered by the U S-Patent-Appl-SN number. Non-NASA publications (no asterisk) should be ordered by the AD. PB. or other report number shown on the last line of the citation, not by the N accession number. It is also advisable to cite the title and other bibliographic identification. Avail: SOD (or GPO). Sold by the Superintendent of Documents. U.S. Government Printing Office, in hard copy. The current price and order number are given following the availability line. (NTIS will fill microfiche requests, at the standard $3.00 price, for those documents identified by a # symbol.) Avail: NASA Public Document Rooms. Documents so indicated may be examined at or purchased from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Public Documents Room (Room 126). 600 Independence Ave.. S.W.. Washington. D.C. 20546, or public document rooms located at each of the NASA research centers, the NASA Space Technology Laboratories, and the NASA Pasadena Office at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory. O) A rnicrofiche is a transparent sheet of film. 105 by 148 mm in size, containing as many as 60 to 98 pages of information reduced to micro images (not to exceed 26:1 reduction). Avail: ERDA Depository Libraries. Organizations in U.S. cities and abroad that maintain collections of Energy Research and< Development Administration reports, usually in microfiche form, are listed in Nuclear Science Abstracts. Services available from the ERDA and its depositories are described in a booklet. Science Information Available from the Energy Research and Development Administration (TID-4550). which may be obtained without charge from the ERDA Technical Information Center. Avail: Univ. Microfilms. Documents so indicated are dissertations selected from Dissertation Abstracts and are sold by University Microfilms as xerographic copy (HC) and microfilm. All requests should cite the author and the Order Number as they appear in the citation. Avail: USGS. Originals of many reports from the U.S. Geological Survey, which may contain color illustrations, or otherwise may not have the quality of illustrations preserved in the ' microfiche or facsimile reproduction, may be examined by the public at the libraries of the USGS field offices whose addresses are listed in this introduction. The libraries may be queried concerning the availability of specific documents and the possible utilization of local copying services, such as color reproduction. Avail: HMSO. Publications of Her Majesty's Stationery Office are sold in the U.S. by Pendragon House. Inc. (PHI). Redwood City, California. The U.S. price (including a service and mailing charge) is given, or a conversion table may be obtained from PHI. Avail: BLL (formerly NLL): British Library Lending Division. Boston Spa. Wetherby. Yorkshire. England. Photocopies available from this organization at the price shown. (If none is given, inquiry should be addressed to the BLL.) Avail: ZLDI. Sold by the Zentralstelle filr Luftfahrtdokumentation und -Information, Munich, : Federal Republic of Germany, at the price shown in deutschmarks (DM). Avail: Issuing Activity, or Corporate Author, or no indication of availability. Inquiries as to the availability of these documents should be addressed to the organization shown in the citation as the corporate author of the document. Avail: U.S. Patent Office. Sold by Commissioner of Patents. U.S. Patent Office, at the standard price of 50 cents each, postage free. Other availabilities: If the publication is available from a source other than the above, the publisher and his address will be displayed entirely on the availability line or in combination with the corporate author line. GENERAL AVAILABILITY All publications abstracted in this bibliography are available to the public through the sources as indicated in the STAR Entries and IAA Entries sections. It is suggested that the bibliography user contact his own library or other local libraries prior to ordering any publication inasmuch as many of the documents have been widely distributed.by the issuing agencies, especially NASA. A listing of public collections of NASA documents is included on the inside back cover.. SUBSCRIPTION AVAILABILITY This publication is available on subscription from the National Technical Information Service (NTIS). The annual subscription rate for the quarterly supplements is $45.00 .domestic; $75.00, foreign. All questions relating to the subscriptions should be referred to NTIS. Attn: Subscrip- tions. 5285 Port Royal Road. Springfield Virginia 22161. ' . ' . ' . . - • . . . • VI ADDRESSES OF ORGANIZATIONS American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics Technical Information Service 750 Third Ave. New York. N.Y. 10017 British Library Lending Division. Boston Spa. Wetherby. Yorkshire. England Commissioner of Patents U.S. Patent Office Washington. D.C. 20231 Pendragon House. Inc. 899 Broadway Avenue Redwood City. California 94063 Superintendent of Documents U.S. Government Printing Office Washington. D.C. 20402 University Microfilms A Xerox Company '•• • "* 300 North Zeeb Road Ann Arbor. Michigan 48106 Energy Research and Development Administration Technical Information Center P.O. Box 62 Oak Ridge. Tennessee 37830 ESA-Space Documentation Service ESRIN Via Galileo Galilei 00044 Frascati (Rome) Italy Her Majesty's Stationery Office P.O. Box 569. S.E. 1 London. England University Microfilms. Ltd. Tylers Green London, England U.S. Geological Survey 1033 General Services Administration Building Washington. D.C. 20242 U.S. Geological Survey 601 E. Cedar Avenue Flagstaff. Arizona 86002 NASA Scientific and Technical Information Facility P.O. Box 8757 B. W. I. Airport. Maryland 21240 National Aeronautics and Space Administration Scientific and Technical Information Office (NST-6) Washington. D.C. 20546 National Technical Information Service 5285 Port Royal Road Springfield. Virginia 22161 U.S. Geological Survey 345 Middlefield Road Menlo Park. California 94025 U.S. Geological Survey Bldg. 25. Denver Federal Center Denver. Colorado 80225 Zentralstelle fur Luftfahrtdoku- mentation und -Information 8 Munchen 86 Postfach 880 Federal Republic of Germany VII TABLE OF CONTENTS IAA Entries 255 STAR Entries 339 Subject Index A-1 Personal Author Index B-1 Corporate Source Index . C-1 Contract Number Index D-1 Report/Accession Number Index:..... -. ; E-1 TYPICAL CITATION AND ABSTRACT FROM STAR NASA SPONSORED DOCUMENT ACCESSION NUMBER 98*11 TITLE - AUTHOR- CONTRACT OR GRANT- REPORT NUMBER- -•-N77-1119 /)! Jet Propulsion Lab.. Calif. Inst. of Tech.. Pasadena-" -•-REDUCTION OF GASEOUS POLLUTANT EMISSIONS FROM GAS TURBINE COMBUSTORS USING HYDROGEN- ENRICHED JET FUEL Progress Report -•-Richard M. Clayton 15 Oct. 1976^58 p refs -HContract NAS7-100) ^ -*-(NASA-CR-149146: JPL-TM-33-790) Avail: NTIS- HC A04/MF A01 CSCL 21D-« Recent progress in an evaluation of the applicability of the hydrogen enrichment concept to achieve ultralow gaseous pollutant emission from gas turbine combustion systems is described. The target emission indexes for the program are 1.0 for oxides of nitrogen and carbon monoxide, and 0.5 for unburned hydrocarbons. The basic concept utilizes premixed molecular hydrogen, conventional jet, fuel, and air to depress the lean flammability limit of the mixed fuel. This is shown to permit very lean combustion with its low NOx production while simultaneously providing an increased flame stability margin with which to maintain low CO and HC emission. Experimental emission characteristics and selected analytical results are presented for a cylindrical research combustor designed for operation with inlet-air state conditions typical for a 30:1 compression ratio, high bypass ratio, turbofan commercial engine. Author -AVAILABLE ON MICROFICHE u L ORPORATE SOURCE PUBLICATION DATE -AVAILABILITY SOURCE -COSATE CODE TYPICAL CITATION AND ABSTRACT FROM IAA NASA SPONSORED DOCUMENT ACCESSION NUMBER—- TITLE- -•-A77-12194 ' I - »• Application of advanced technology to future long-range aircraft. O. E. SchratTer (NASA, Langley Research Center" Hampton, Va.). Society of Allied Weight Engineers, Annual Con- ference, 35th, Philadelphia. Pa., May 24-26, 1976, Paper 1126.45 p. 9 refs. X The objective of this paper is to provide an overview assessment of three separate programs at Langley Research Center that have incorpo/ated. advanced technology into the design of long-range passenger and cargo aircraft. The first technology centers around the use of an span-loaded cargo aircraft with the payload distributed along the wing. This concept has the potential for reduced structural weights. The second technology is the application of laminar flow control (LFC) to the aircraft to reduce the aerodynamic drag. The use of LFC can reduce the fuel requirements during long-range cruise. The last program evaluates the production of alternate aircraft fuels from coal and the use of liquid hydrogen as an aircraft fuel. Coal-derived hydrogen as an aircraft fuel offers both the prospect for reduced dependence on petroleum fuels and improved performance for long-range aircraft. (Author) -AVAILABLE ON MICROFICHE - AUTHOR AUTHORS AFFILIATION -CONFERENCE -CONFERENCE DATE V I I I A Listing of Energy Bibliographies Contained In This Publication: 1. World Hydrogen Energy Conference, 1st, Miami Beach, Fla., March 1-3 1976, Proceedings. Volumes 1, 2 and 3 p 0273 A77-33326 2. Energy and the Environment; Proceedings of the Third National Conference, Oxford, Ohio, September 29 - October 1, 1975 p 0291 A77-35146 3. Geothermal technology systems and water cycles in arid lands p 0354 N77-23592 4. Research leading to the production and early use of numeric data banks of .material properties and system analyses p0364 N77-24601 5. The analysis of subsistence associated with geothermal development. Volume 3: Information bank p0369 N77-24716 6. Perspectives in energy: 1976 p0372 N77-25636 7. Transportation-related data bases extracted from the national index of energy and environmen- tal data bases. Part 1: Digest of detailed data base descriptions p 0387 N77-37036 IX \ ENERGY A Continuing Bibliography (Issue 15) IAA ENTRIES A77-30100 H Combined production of electrical power and desalinated water by nuclear power plants (Produzione combinata di energia elettrica ed acqua dissalata con central! nucleari). M. Marena, M. Nordio, and R. Senis (Ente Nazionale per I'Energia Elettrica, Centre Progettazione e Costruzioni Impianti Termici e Nucleari, Rome, Italy). L'Energia Elettrica, vol. 53, Dec. 1976, p. 634-649. 18 refs. In Italian. Processes suitable for dual-purpose nuclear power plants generat- ing electric power and fresh water supplies via desalination of sea water are described. Fresh water resources and demands are graphed for Italian regions (central-north, south,' islands). Desalination pro- cesses are described and compared (multiple flash, thermo- compression, multiple-effect evaporator, electrodialysis, ion ex- change, back-osmosis, brine recycling, solvent extraction, freezing), and flowsheets of some dual-purpose plants are studied. Cost factors in desalting of brine streams and in the construction and operation of dual-purpose plants are discussed. R.D.V. A77-30257 # Principles and systems for utilization of solar energy in heating and preparation of hot water (Principi i sistemi iskoristavanja sunceve energije za grijanje i pripremu tople vode). J. Pazanin and I. Vilicic (Rijeka, Sveuciliste, Rieka, Yugoslavia). Stro/arstvo, vol. 19, no. 1, 1977, p. 45-55. 5 refs. In Croatian. Possible direct uses of solar energy, engineering features of direct solar energy conversion systems, and storage problems are discussed. The use of direct and/or diffuse sunlight for hot water supplies, space heating, and cooling/air conditioning, data on sunlight at various geographic locations and latitudes, and features of some solar energy systems (flat-plate and concentric collectors, collector loop and secondary loop in combined systems, auxiliary process equipment) are dealt with. Collector efficiencies under a variety of weather conditions are compared, and long-term and short-term storage of solar energy in water, stone, and other media is discussed. R.D.V. A77-30309 Design application of the Hottel-Whillier-Bliss equation. C. C. Smith and T. A. Weiss (Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colo.). (International Solar Energy Society, Inter- national Solar Energy Congress and Exposition, Los Angeles, Calif., July 28-Aug. 1, 1975.) Solar Energy, vol. 19, no. 2, 1977, p. 109-113. The reported investigation is concerned with the application of the theoretically derived Hottel-Whillier-Bliss equation as a guide to the design, the development, and the testing of flat-plate solar collectors. The equation expresses heat delivery from a collector in terms of two operational variables, including the total radiation incident on the absorber plate and the temperature difference between the entering heat-removal fluid and the air surrounding the collector. Attention is given to the significance of the design factors, aspects of prototype testing, the measurement of the design factors, and the results of the measurements procedure. G.R. OCTOBER 1977 A77-30311 Calculation of long term solar collector heat- ing system performance. S. R. Swanson and R. F. Boehm (Utah, University, Salt Lake City, Utah). (International Solar Energy Society, International Solar Energy Congress and Exposition, Los Angeles, Calif., July 28-Aug. 1, 1975.) Solar Energy, vol. 19, no. 2, 1977, p. 129-138. Research supported by the Utah Power and Light Co. ' A calculation of system performance is necessary for an economic analysis of solar space heating systems, but is made difficult by the complexity of the system and weather parameters. The system studies in the literature have in general employed detailed computer analyses which, although informative, require detailed weather records and tend to be costly in computer time. To overcome these difficulties, a simplified technique to predict yearly system performance was developed. This simplified method is based on a computation of the system performance for a single 'average' day of each month, modifying this result with a correction factor, and summing the results over each month of the heating season. The result is that system performance can be calculated easily, by hand or with trivial computer cost. A comparison with detailed numerical analyses in the literature for systems in the cities of Phoenix, Charleston, Madison and Boston shows excellent agreement. Results are also presented for systems in Salt Lake City. (Author) A77-30312 Solar-heated-air receivers. P. 0. Jarvinen (MIT, Lexington, Mass.). (International Solar Energy Society, International Solar Energy Congress and Exposition, Los Angeles, Calif., July 28-Aug. 1, 1975.) Solar Energy, vol. 19, no. 2, 1977, p. 139-147. 9 refs. Research supported by the Massachusetts Institute of Tech- nology and U.S. Air Force. Receiver design alternatives for a central tower, heat-air receiver of a solar/gas turbine electrical generation plant are considered. Apertured and unapertured, domed-surface and -cavity receivers are examined and losses such as incident flux reflection and reradiation from the receiver are included. The receiver, constructed of ceramic domes that are individually cooled by impingement-jet heat-transfer techniques, is designed to supply heated air at 1800 F and operate in a pressurized condition at a pressure ratio of four. It is shown that high thermal conversion efficiencies (80-90%) may be achieved with cavity receivers where the interior cavity surfaces are formed from single or multiple domes. The efficiencies of surface receiver elements are found to be substantially less than those of cavities, from 54 to 70 per cent. The difference lies in the higher reradiation flux losses of surface receivers. (Author) A77-30313 Optimum solar collector operation for maxi- mizing cycle work output. J. R. Howell and R. B. Bannerot (Houston, University, Houston, Tex.). (International Solar Energy Society, International Solar Energy Congress and Exposition, Los Angeles, Calif., July 28-Aug. 1, 1975.) Solar Energy, vol 19 no 2 1977, p. 149153. Analysis is presented to determine the optimum outlet tempera- ture for a given solar collector that will maximize the work output for various idealized heat engine cycles. The effect of radiative and convective heat losses from the collector is demonstrated, and the relative importance of each in different operating ranges is shown. (Author) A77-30314 Design and performance studies on a solar room heater. H. P. Garg (Central Arid Zone Research Institute, Jodhpur, India), R. Ganguli, and J. S. Puri (Central Building Research Institute, Roorkee, India). Solar Energy, vol. 19, no. 2, 1977, p. 155-162. 14 refs. 255 A77-30315 Almost all the research and development of solar heating has been directed towards large and expensive buildings in areas where conventional fuel and electricity are plentiful and cheap. Keeping this in mind a solar room heater capable of heating single rooms to comfortable level has been designed and tested for two winter seasons at Roorkee. Simple design curves for finding out the absorber size, for a given heating load for a number of Indian cities, and panel size for the specified requirement are developed and discussed. Water is used as a heat storage media and hot water is stored in a number of storage panels placed inside the room near the wall. Radiative and convective heat losses from the surface of panels heat the room air. Temperature distribution in the experimental and office room with and without heating it along with the ambient air temperature and solar insolation are measured and discussed. It is concluded that conventional rooms can be conveniently heated to comfortable levels by solar energy. (Author) A77-30315 Comparison of long-term flat-plate solar col- lector performance calculations based on averaged meteorological data. D. L. Siebers and R. Viskanta (Purdue University, West Lafayette, Ind.). Solar Energy, vol. 19, no. 2, 1977, p. 163-169. 8 refs. The use of averaged meteorological data for collector perfor- mance calculations is studied. To this end, a steady state, two- dimensional, nodal, heat transfer analysis is developed for a flat-plate solar collector. The analysis accounts for the temperature gradients in the fluid flow and vertical directions in the collector, the physical and thermodynamic properties of the materials in the collector, the collector location, the orientation and dimensions of the collector, the number of cover plates and any thin film selective coatings on the cover plates or absorber. Also accounted for are the time dependent variations in the meteorological conditions, insolation, and collimated and diffuse solar irradiation. The spectral nature of radiation heat transfer in the collector is modeled by two spectral bands, solar and thermal, with 3.0 microns as the cutoff frequency between the solar and thermal bands of radiation. The results indicate that long term collector performance calculations based on averaged meteorological data will not correlate with calculations based on hourly data if the weather is highly variable. When the weather variations are mild, averaged data can give results very close to those based on hourly data. (Author) A77-30316 Matching of solar cells and performance ot a solar battery. S. Deb, M. K. Mukherjee (Jadavpur University, Calcutta, India), and H. Saha (Jadavpur University, Calcutta; Kalyani. University, Kalyani, India). (International Solar Energy Society, International Solar Energy Congress and Exposition, Los Angeles, Calif., July 28-Aug. 1, 1975.) Solar Energy, vol. 19, no. 2, 1977, p. 171-177. 19 refs. The investigation constitutes an extension of studies conducted by Deb et al. (1974) regarding the characteristics of a solar battery system and its use for irrigation in remote regions with adequate solar irradiation conditions. Attention is given to the basic problem of matching a solar cell, the constraints which might arise when the load is a dc motor, the minimization of the effect of the regular diurnal variations of insolation, and questions of power output and cost per watt of the battery. G.R. A77-30318 Solar flux density distributions on central tower receivers. M. Riaz and T. Gurr (Minnesota, University, Minneapolis, Minn.). Solar Energy, vol. 19, no. 2, 1977, p. 185-194. 5 refs. Contract No. E (11 -1 (-2699. An analytical approach is developed for the determination of the solar flux density distributions produced by a field of individual- ly steered sun-following mirrors on the surface of the central receiver. The mirror field is essentially an approximation to the Fresnel equivalent of a parabolic mirror. Aspects of geometrical configuration are considered along with the dispersion factor, the mirror utilization factor, the insolation degrading factor, and the formulas for flux density calculations. The flux density distributions on vertical cylindrical receivers are investigated. G.R. A77-30319 Dimensioning of the solar heating system in the Zero Energy House in Denmark. T. V. Esbensen and V. Korsgaard (Danmarks Tekniske Hojskole, Lyngby, Denmark). (Inter- national Solar Energy Society, International Solar Energy Congress and Exposition, Los Angeles, Calif., July 28-Aug. 1, 1975.) Solar Energy, vol. 19, no. 2, 1977, p. 195-199. The paper describes the project for a Zero Energy House constructed in Denmark. The house is designed and constructed in such a way that it can be heated all winter without any 'artificial' energy supply, the main source being solar energy. With energy conservation arrangements, the total heat requirement for space heating is calculated as 2300 kWh per year. For a typical well- insulated one-storied one-family house built in Denmark, the corresponding heat requirement is 20,000 kWh. The solar heating system is dimensioned to cover the heat requirements and hot water supply for the Zero Energy House during the whole year on the basis of weather data in a 'reference year'. The solar heating system consists of a flat-plate solar 'collector, a water storage tank, and a heat distribution system. A total balance is set up for the system and solved for each day of the reference year. Collected and accumulated solar energy in the system is about 7300 kWh per yr; 30% of the collected energy is used for space heating, 30% for hot water supply, and 40% is heat loss from the accumulator tank. For operation of the solar heating system, the pumps and valves need a conventional electric energy supply of 230 kWh per year (corresponding to 5% of the useful solar energy). (Author) A77-30320 Use of solar generators in Africa for broad- casting equipment. S. Polgar (TeleDiffusion de France, Montrouge, Hauts-de-Seine, France). (International Solar Energy Society, Inter- national Solar Energy Congress and Exposition, Los Angeles, Calif., July 28-Aug. 1, 1975.) Solar Energy, vol. 19, no. 2, 1977, p. 201-204. A description is presented of the use of solar cells as a power supply for TV receivers in Niger. The required power for the operation of the TV receivers had, at the beginning, been provided by high-capacity alkaline electrolyte cells. Attention is given to solar irradiation characteristics in Africa, the silicon solar panels, the lead-acid storage batteries, questions of equipment maintenance, aspects of system reliability, and economic considerations. G.R. A77-30321 * Performance data for a terrestrial solar photo- voltaic/water electrolysis experiment. E. N. Costogue (California Institute of Technology, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif.) and R. K. Yasui (TRW, Inc., Cleveland, Ohio). (International Solar Energy Society, International Solar Energy Congress and Exposition, Los Angeles, Calif., July 28-Aug. 1, 1975.) Solar Energy, vol. 19, no. 2, 1977, p. 205-210. Contract No. NAS7-100. A description is presented of the equipment used in the experiment, taking into account the surplus solar panel from the Mariner 4 spacecraft which was used as a solar array source and an electrolytic hydrogen generator. Attention is also given to opera- tional considerations and performance data, system considerations and aspects of optimization, and large-scale hydrogen production considerations. G.R. A77-30322 Non-focussing solar concentrators of easy manufacture. M. M. Shapiro (McGill University, Montreal, Canada). Solar Energy, vol. 19, no. 2, 1977, p. 211-213. Research supported by the National Research Council and Atomic Energy Control Board of Canada. 256 A77-30720 A description is presented of two designs which provide more than 90 per cent of the useful heat output of a system based on a nonfocussing solar concentrator proposed by Winston (1974). Winston's device consists of a trough with 2 cylindrical mirrors of parabolic cross sections. The two new designs reported utilize mirror shapes which are easier to produce than parabolic cylinders. G.R. A77-30372 * An isothermal etchback-regrowth method for high-efficiency Ga/1-x/AI/x/As-GaAs solar cells. J. M. Woodall and H. J. Hovel (IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, N.Y.). Applied Physics Letters, vol. 30, May 1, 1977, p. 492, 493. 9 refs. Contract No. NAS1-12812. High-efficiency p-Ga(1-x)AI(x)As, p-GaAs, n-GaAs solar cells are made by isothermally soaking n-GaAs substrates in an undersaturated Zn-doped Ga-AI-As melt. This one-step growth procedure produces a graded band gap p-Ga(1-x)AI(x)As layer 0.2-0.4 micron thick. Efficiencies of 18.5% AMO and 21.9% AM1 have been measured. (Author) A77-30599 Energy investment in nuclear and solar power plants. G. Moraw, M. Schneeberger, and A. Szeless (Kernkraftwerk- Planungsgesellschaft mbH, Vienna, Austria). Nuclear Technology, vol. 33, Apr. 1977, p. 174-183. 18 refs. Energy analysis has been used to compare the energy invest- ments for construction and operation of a nuclear and a solar power plant, both having the same electrical output. By means of dynamic energy analysis, construction programs for nuclear and solar power were investigated with respect to the necessary energy investment. It turns out that, considering only the energy investment aspect, present-day light water reactors use considerably less energy for their construction and operation than do solar thermal conversion plants. (Author) A77-30600 Analysis of electrical power generation'costs. R. W. Hardie and J. H. Chamberlin (GE Hanford Engineering Development Laboratory, Richland, Wash.). Nuclear Technology, vol. 33, Apr. 1977, p. 212-222. 12 refs. The relative competitiveness of nuclear and coal plants is assessed by dividing the U.S. into 21 regions and using a computer model to calculate costs for each plant in each region. Scenarios were considered in which resource depletion and environmental considera- tions affect coal generation costs. Analysis shows that if coal prices are constant in real terms and if SO2 scrubbers are not required, nuclear plants produce electricity less expensively than coal plants in 45% of the country (adjusted for generation size). When either coal prices rise in real terms or when scrubbers are required, nuclear plants have the advantage in more than 90% of the market. In addition, sensitivity studies show that uncertainties in forecasting uranium and coal prices produce the largest difficulty in accurately comparing nuclear and coal electrical generation costs. (Author) A77-30710 * Fundamental electronic mechanisms limiting the performance of solar cells. F. A. Lindholm (Florida, University, Gainesville, Fla.) and C.-T. Sah (Illinois, University, Urbana, III.). IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices, vol. ED-24, Apr. 1977, p. 299-304. 42 refs. Grant No. NsG-3018; Contract No. E(40-11-5134. Attention is focused on distortion in the energy band, and carrier recombination and generation rates (lifetimes), as the two dominant mechanisms. Spatial dependences associated with these two mechanisms, in the direction normal to the surface illuminated by the sun and in the direction tangential to that surface, are also emphasized as crucial factors in governing the efficiency of solar cells. Electronic parameters for the set of differential equations characterizing transport, recombination, and generation of carriers, and interband and band-bound transition rates, are studied. R.D.V. A77-30711 * Performance limitations of silicon solar cells. J. R. Hauser (North Carolina State University, Raleigh, N.C.) and P. M. Dunbar (Bucknell University, Lewisburg, Pa.). IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices, vol. ED-24, Apr. 1977, p. 305-321. 33 refs. NASA-supported research. This paper discusses the performance limitations of silicon solar cells which have been identified and investigated using a detailed numerical analysis of solar cell operation. Efficiency limitations are discussed as related to doping densities, minority carrier lifetimes, widths of solar cell regions, surface recombination, antireflecting layers, and ohmic contact stripes. Areas in which improvements can be expected in performance are identified and discussed. (Author) A77-30714 Optimization of silicon solar cell design for use under concentrated sunlight. D. L. Crook (Intel Corp., Santa Clara, Calif.) and J. R. Yeargan (Arkansas, University, Fayetteville, Ark.). IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices, vol. ED-24, Apr. 1977, p. •330-336. 12 refs. Research supported by the University of Arkansas; NSF Grant No. GY-11234. Design optimization of Si solar cells for a heating system with solar concentrators to reduce costs is discussed. A computer optimization program employing a sequential search technique is developed, based on nine design parameters (junction depth, anti- reflection coating thickness, grid strip width, contact strip width, grid strip separation, grid strip length, wafer thickness, doping concentrations on both sides of junction), and involving losses from recombination, series resistance, contact coverage, and reflection. Collection efficiency is to be maximized for operation at low intensities, series resistance is to be minimized for operation at high intensities. The optimum design (for a given range of intensities) can be attained easily with present technology. R.D.V. A77-30717 Electronic properties of amorphous silicon in solar cell operation. C. R. Wronski (RCA Laboratories, Princeton, N.J.). IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices, vol. ED-24, Apr. 1977, p. 351-357. 11 refs. Contract No. E(04-3)-1286. This paper discusses the operation of amorphous silicon (a-Si) solar cells with efficiencies up to 5.5 per cent, and relates the major new parameters to the electronic properties of a-Si which are highly dependent on the densities of gap centers in this disordered material. The effect of the photoconductivity in intrinsic a-Si on the series resistance of the cell, the quality of a-Si junctions and their ability to transport current densities generated under AMI illumination are presented. Space-charge densities found in a-Si junctions orders of magnitude lower than previous estimates for glow discharge pro- duced a-Si. The effects of electric field distributions and diffusion lengths of holes on collection efficiencies and cell characteristics and trapping of photogenerated holes are discussed. (Author) A77-30720 * Efficiency calculations for AI/x/Ga/1-x/As- GaAs heteroface solar cells. A. M. Sekela (Hewlett-Packard Co., Loveland, Ohio), D. L. Feucht, and A. G. Milnes (Carnegie-Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pa.). IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices, vol. ED-24, Apr. 1977, p. 373-380. 25 refs. Grant No. NGR-29-087-021. A computer-assisted analysis of the AI(x)Ga(1-x)As-GaAs heteroface solar cell is done to find the dependence of cell efficiency on substrate doping level. Assumptions for carrier lifetime needed for the evaluation of efficiency are based on measurements of experi- mental AI(x)Ga(1-x)As-GaAs heteroface cells. The results show the doping range 10 to the 16th-17th power per cu cm to be the best for heteroface solar cells. Calculations based on a three-halves tempera- ture dependence for lifetimes agree well with early experimental efficiency versus temperature measurements on GaAs cells,' but conflict with earlier results for an AI(x)Ga(1-x)As-GaAs heteroface cell. (Author) 257 A77-30721 A77-30721 Design analysis of the thin-film CdS-Cu2S solar cell. A. Rothwarf and A. M. Barnett (Delaware, University, Newark, Del.). IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices, vol. ED-24, Apr. 1977, p. 381-387. 22 refs. NSF Grant .No. AER-72-03478; Contract No. £(49-181-2538. A detailed model of the CdS-Cu2S solar cell was used to analyze design limits of cell configurations based on present laboratory technology. The parameters controlling the short-circuit current, open-circuit voltage, and fill factor are treated. Attainable conversion efficiency of the CdS-Cu2S solar cell extrapolating from the present processing technology is roughly 10 per cent, as compared to a theoretical efficiency of 16 per cent. A similar analysis for a cell using Cd(1-x)Zn(x)S in place of CdS yields an attainable-efficiency of 15 per cent and a theoretical efficiency of over 26 per cent. The model identifies those processing parameters which must be im- proved jn order to optimize cell efficiency. (Author) A77-30722 Collection efficiency of heterojunction solar cells. A. De Vos (Nationaal Fonds vpor Wetenschappelyk Onderzoek, Laboratorium voor Elektronika en Meettechniek, Ghent, Belgium) and H. J. Pauwels (Gent, Rijksuniversiteit, Ghent, Belgium). IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices, vol. ED-24, Apr. 1977, p. 388-392. • • • - ' . ' The dependence of the generation efficiency k, the collection efficiency Q, and the current efficiency kd of a heterojunction solar ceil on two semiconductor, bandgaps is investigated. It is assumed that the two semiconductors have ideal absorption characteristics. It is shown that a heterojunction solar cell can exhibit a better current efficiency than a homojunction solar cell, if the semiconductor with the larger bandgap is situated at the illuminated side of the junction. (Author) A77-30723 Efficiency calculations for thin-film, poly- crystalline semiconductor Schottky barrier solar cells. C. Lanza and H.'J.'-'Hovel (IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, N.Y.). IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices, vol. ED-24, Apr! 1977, p. 392-396. 12 refs. Numerical calculations have been made of the effect of grain size on the short-circuit current and the AM1 efficiency of polycrystalline thin film InP, GaAs, and Si Schottky barrier solar cells. Si cells 10 microns thick are at best 8 per cent efficient for 100-microns grain sizes; 25-microns-thick Si cells can be about 10 per cent efficient for this grain size. GaAs cells 2 microns thick can be 12 per cent efficient for grain sizes of 3 microns or greater. (Author) A77-30728 * Silicon solar cells by . high-speed low- temperature processing. A. R. Kirkpatrick, J. A. Minnucci, and A. C. Greenwald (Simulation Physics, Inc., Bedford, Mass.). IEEE Trans- actions on Electron Devices, vol. ED-24, Apr. 1977, p. 429-432. Contracts No. F33615-75-C-2006; No. JPL-954289; No. NAS7-100. A new method for silicon solar cell fabrication is being developed around ion implantation and pulsed electron beam techniques. Cells are fabricated totally in a vacuum environment at room temperature. Major reductions result in the time, energy consumption, and waste material generation associated with solar cell production. Cells to date have exhibited air mass zero efficiencies exceeding 10 percent. . (Author) A77;30729 Performance of n/+/-p silicon solar cells in concentrated sunlight E. L. Burgess and J. G. Possum (Sandia Laboratories, Albuquerque, N. Mex.). IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices, vol. ED-24, Apr. 1977, p. 433-438. 15 refs. Contract No. E_(29-1J-789. Performance data for n(+)-p silicon solar cells operating at illuminations up to 90 suns (9 W per sq cm) and temperatures up to 100 C are presented: Experimental results for 2 sq cm cells with different base resistivities are compared to performances predicted by a numerical device analysis computer code. Excellent agreement between numerical simulation and experiment is observed. For the illumination levels considered, an optimum base resistivity of approximately 0.3 ohm-cm is predicted by the numerical analyses and verified experimentally. The 0.3-ohm-cm cells exhibit conversion efficiencies above 11.8 per cent up to 90 suns with a peak efficiency of 14 per cent at approximately 30 suns. Preliminary results for a large-area (15.2 sq cm) circular cell design are also presented for illuminations up to 60 suns. A peak conversion efficiency of 13.5 per cent is measured for this cell at about 25 suns. (Author) A77-30730 ' ' Low-cost solar cells based on large-area un- conventional silicon. H. Fischer-'ahd W. Pschunder (Telefunken AG, Heilbronn, West Germany). IEEE'Transactions on Electron Devices, vol. ED-24, Apr. 1977, p. 438-442. 8 refs. Research supported.by the Bundesmihisterium fur Forschung und Technologie. Experimental results are presented for the application of a new unconventional nonsingle-crystalline silicon material to 'solar cell fabrication of acceptable efficiency. Square-shaped slices with a cross-sectional area of 5 by 5 cm, 10 by 10 cm, and 11 by 11 cm are realized. The material is boron-doped and is characterized by controlled size and structure of the individual grains. Particular attention is given to solar ceil preparation and performance and to material' and process optimization. A major advantage of the proposed low-grade material is that it can be created immediately with a square-shaped cross-sectional area, so. that material losses due to the preparation of square wafers out of a cylindrical crystal can be avoided. It is also investigated to what extent new processing must be introduced to optimize the efficiency of these new types of solar cells. S.D. A77-30731 Silicon solar cells on unidirectionally re- crystallized .metallurgical silicon. T. L. Chu, S. S. Chu, K. Y. Duh, and H. I. Yoo (Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Tex.). IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices, vol. ED-24, Apr. '1977, p. 442-446. 11 refs. Contract No. E(04-3)-1285. The deposition of a silicon layer containing a p-n. junction on a metallurgical silicon substrate was used in the fabrication of solar cells. The substrate was prepared by unidirectional solidification of purified metallurgical silicon on a graphite plate, and the active region of the solar cell was deposited by thermal reduction of trichlorosilane with hydrogen containing appropriate dopants. The current-voltage characteristics of a number of solar cells were measured in the dark and under illumination. The AM1 efficiency of large-area cells (30 sq cm) was up to 5.5 per cent. When a large-area cell was divided into small-area (5 sq cm) ones, conversion efficiency was found to .correlate directly with the dark current-voltage characteristics of, and the structural properties of silicon in, each cell. • (Author) A77-30732 Fabrication and characterization of thin-film silicon solar cells on alumina ceramic. T. Warabisako and T. Saitoh (Hitachi, Ltd., Central Research Laboratory, Kokubunji, Tokyo, Japan). IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices, vol. EO-24, Apr. 1977, p. 446-449. 5 refs. Research supported by the Ministry of International Trade and Industry of Japan. Dendritic silicon layers are prepared on alumina ceramic by melting and regrowing a CVD Si layer with a BSG encapsulation. Thin-films solar cells fabricated by successive deposition of p- and n(+)-Si layers on this dendritic silicon exhibit a conversion efficiency of 2.6 per cent under AM 1 illumination. (Author) 258 A77-30742 A77-30733 Amorphous silicon solar cells. D. E. Carlson (RCA Laboratories, Princeton, N.J.). IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices, vol. ED-24, Apr. 1977, p. 449-453. 12 refs. Research sponsored by RCA and ERDA. Amorphous silicon solar cells have been fabricated in several different structures: heterojunctions, p-i-n junctions, and Schottky barrier devices. The procedures used in constructing the various solar cells are discussed, and their photovoltaic properties are compared. At present, the highest conversion efficiency (5.5 per cent) has been obtained with a Schottky barrier cell, and this structure appears to offer the best promise of approaching the estimated efficiency limit of roughly 15 per cent. (Author) A77-30735 Indium-tin-oxide-silicon heterojunction photo- voltaic devices. T. Mizrah (Brown, Bovery et Cie. AG, Dattwil, Switzerland) and D. Adler (MIT, Cambridge, Mass.). IEEE Trans- actions on Electron Devices, vol. ED-24, Apr. 1977, p. 458-462. 21 refs. Research supported by the Cabot Solar Energy Fund. We have fabricated heterojunction photovoltaic devices consist- ing of RF-sputtered, highly transparent, and conductive indium-tin- oxide (ITO) films deposited onto both amorphous or crystalline Si. The ITO-amorphous-Si devices exhibit photovoltaic energy- conversion efficiencies of the order of 0.01 per cent for the 100-mW/sq cm white light of a tungsten-halogen lamp. However, the relatively high photoresponse of these devices in the blue-UV spectral region leads to a photovoltaic conversion efficiency of approximately 0.5 per cent for monochromatic light of wavelength 400 nm. The ITO-crystalline-Si devices exhibit terrestrial solar-cell efficiencies of the order of 1 per cent. The performance of such a cell strongly depends on the insulating interface oxide layer, on the surface-state density, and on the incident-light intensity. A model for the operation of these devices is presented ,and shown to be in quantitative agreement with the experimental data. . (Author) A77-30739 * Technology of GaAs metal-oxide-semicon- ductor solar cells. R. J. Stirn and Y. C. M. Yeh (California Institute of Technology, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif.). IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices, vol. ED-24, Apr. 1977, p. 476-483. 14 refs. Contract No. NAS7-100. The growth of an oxide interfacial layer was recently^found to increase the open-circuit voltage (OCV) and efficiency by up to 60 per cent in GaAs metal-semiconductor solar cells. Details of oxidation techniques to provide the necessary oxide thickness and chemical structure and using ozone, water-vapor-saturated oxygen, or oxygen gas discharges are described, as well as apparent crystallo- graphic orientation effects. Preliminary results of the oxide chem- istry obtained from X-ray, photoelectron spectroscopy are given. Ratios of arsenic oxide to gallium oxide of unity or less seem to be preferable. Samples with the highest OVC predominantly have As(+3) in the arsenic oxide rather than As(+5). A major difficulty at this time is a reduction in OCV by 100-200 mV when the antireflection coating is vacuum deposited. (Author) A77-30740 lnP:CdS solar cells. J. L. Shay, S. Wagner (Bell Telephone Laboratories, Inc., Holmdel, N.J.), M. Bettini, K. J. Bachmann, and E. Buehler (Bell Telephone Laboratories, Inc., Murray Hill, N.J.). IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices, vol. ED-24, Apr. 1977, p. 483-486. 10 refs. We report single crystal InP-CdS solar cells having AM2 efficiencies of 15 per cent and polycrystalline thin-film cells having AM2 efficiencies of 5.7 per cent. Basic studies of the interface reveal that the thin-film efficiency is presently limited at least in part by the quality of the InP within the grains, and not exclusively by interface phenomena intrinsic to a polycrystalline cell. Preliminary accelerated life tests indicate a remarkable insensitivity of these unencapsulated cells to the ambient. (Author) A77-30736 - Intensity effects in SnO2-Si heterojunction solar cells. W. G. Thompson, S. L. Franz,- R. L. Anderson (Syracuse University, Syracuse, N.Y.), and 0. H. Winn (Atlantic Community College, Mays Landing, N.J.). IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices, vol. ED-24, Apr. 1977, p. 463-467. 14 refs. NSF.-supported research. , The saturated photocurrent of Sn02-n-Si heterojunction solar cells is found to be linear with illumination intensity up to 30 suns of simulated AM1 irradiation. An interfacial layer at the SnO2-Si junction causes the open-circuit voltage to saturate at a value of light intensity determined by the thickness of this layer. The resistance of this interfacial layer limits the fill factor of these devices. It is shown that the open-circuit voltage depends on an internal diode quality factor rather than on that measured from the terminal I-V characteristics. The internal diode quality factor can be determined from measurements of open-circuit voltage and saturated photo- current, with illumination intensity as a parameter. (Author) A77-30741 Photovoltaic energy conversion . with n-CdS-p-CdTe heterojunctions and other II-VI junctions. R. H.-Bube, F. Buch, A. L. Fahrenbruch, Y. Y. Ma, and K. W. Mitchell (Stanford University, Stanford, Calif.). IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices, vol. ED-24, Apr. 1977, p. 487-492. 25 refs. NSF-supported research. n-CdS-p-CdTe heterojunctions have been prepared by close- spaced vapor transport of p-CdTe films onto single crystal n-CdS, by vacuum evaporation of h-CdS films onto single crystal p-CdTe, and by solution spraying of n-CdS films onto single crystal p-CdTe. In addition, a number of other II-VI p-n heterojunctions have been prepared by the close-spaced vapor transport technique. The highest solar efficiency to date has been obtained with a cell prepared by vacuum evaporation of n-CdS film onto p-CdTe crystal, in which the CdS is covered with ap indium-tin-oxide coating and then with an antireflection coating; the photovoltaic parameters of this cell are an open-circuit voltage of 0.63 V, a quantum efficiency of 0.82, a fill factor of 0.66, and a solar efficiency of 7.9 per cent. II-VI heterojunction cells with efficiency greater than 10 per cent are expected in the near future. (Author) A77-30738 Large-area high-efficiency /AIGa/As-GaAs solar cells. G. S. Kamath, J. Ewan, and R. C. Knechtli (Hughes Research Laboratories, Malibu, Calif.). IEEE Transactions on Elec- tron Devices, vol. ED-24, Apr. 1977, p. 473-475. 11 refs. Contract No. F33615-76-C-2121. An improved technique for making large-area high-efficiency (AIGa)As-GaAs solar cells is described. This includes a modified infinite melt liquid phase epitaxial process, for growing the desired (AIGa)As-GaAs and GaAs layers. Representative solar cells fabricated in this manner are described. Performance with an air mass zero efficiency in excess of 16 per cent is shown, for cells of a 4 sq cm area. Means are shown for increasing this efficiency to about 18 per cent. (Author) A77-30742 Semiconductor-electrolyte photovoltaic cells employing CdSe and CdTe. Y. G. Chai, L. B. Anderson (Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio), and W. W. Anderson (Lockheed Research Laboratories, Palo Alto, Calif.). IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices, vol. ED-24, Apr. 1977, p. 492-496. 18 refs. NSF Grant No. AER-74-13292. Cadmium selenide and cadmium telluride have been studied in photovoltaic cells constructed of single crystal semiconductor ma- terials in contact with electrolyte solutions. Cadmium selenide shows an open-circuit voltage near 0.8 V and power conversion efficiencies near 6 percent for 720-nm light. The CdTe cells did not show current-voltage characteristics favorable for solar cell application. Formation of a surface film of tellurium apparently degrades the photovoltaic properties on illumination. (Author) 259 A77 30812 A77-30812 Optimal unit commitment. A. Turgeon (Hydro-Quebec Institute of Research, Varennes, Canada). IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, vol. AC-22, Apr. 1977, p. 223-227. 20 refs. The paper describes a new and rigorous method for determining the mode of operation of an electrical power system that minimizes the operational cost. The power system consists of M thermal generating units and one constant-head hydroplant. The operational cost includes the fixed and variable start-up and running costs of the thermal units. The method uses the maximum principle of Pontrya- gin to determine the generation levels of the operating units, to devise additional criteria for fathoming a vertex in the branch and bound algorithm, and to reduce the number of units considered for shut down. The choice of which units to shut down from those suggested by the maximum principle is done by branch and bound. (Author) A77-31044 Optimization of composite flywheel design. E. L. Danfelt, S. A. Hewes, and T.-W. Chou (Delaware, University, Newark, Del.). International Journal of Mechanical Sciences, vol. 19, Feb. 1977, p. 69-78. 12 refs. Composite flywheels are effective energy storage devices. The multi-rimmed flywheel configuration is first chosen for this study because of its superior operating characteristics and versatility. Then the Kevlar-49/epoxy system is adopted as the basic composite material, which is sandwiched between thin layers of rubber. A general stress analysis procedure is developed for the multi-rimmed structure and a computer routine is established to investigate the effects of various material and geometric parameters on the internal stress levels. A maximum stress criterion is used for failure of the composite flywheel. The basic goal of optimization is to achieve a stress distribution such that each ring in the multi-ringed structure will fail at approximately the same angular speed. The parameters varied in the optimization process include the thickness, Poisson's ratio. Young's modulus and density of the. inter-ring material, the density and thickness of the composite material, and the thickness of the flywheel in the axial direction. The optimization process demonstrated that this procedure can be applied in general when other failure criteria or performance characteristics (such as maxi- mum kinetic energy, kinetic energy per weight and kinetic energy per volume) are preferred. (Author) A77-31064 Report on Joint Conference Eno Foundation Board of Directors and Board of Consultants, October 13 and 14, 1976. Traffic Quarterly, vol. 31, Apr. 1977, p. 175-274. 67 refs. In October 1976 the Eno Foundation Board of Directors and Board of Consultants participated in a two-day conference which consisted of a series of panel presentations followed by group discussion. The outline of subjects for the first day covers Trans- portation Systems of the Future - The Federal role (for different modes of transportation), The roles of state and local governments, and Modal viewpoints • industry; and for the second day. The Economics of Environmental Protection in Transportation - Defining the problem (for different modes of transportation). Federal regulation and requirements, and State and local regulations. ML. A77-31171 Anodic oxidation of ethylene glycol with noble metal alloy catalysts. H. Kohlmiiller (Siemens AG, Forschungs- laboratorien, Erlangen, West Germany). Journal of Power Sources, vol. 1, Apr. 1977, p. 249-256. Research supported by the Bundes- ministerium der Verteidigung. Current-voltage curves showing the corrosion of platinum-lead alloys in 6 M KOH were obtained, taking into account the intermetallic compound Pt3Pb. The activity of Raney-platinum and platinum-lead alloys is discussed. Attention is given to the determina- tion of the apparent energy of activation, the determination of the current function, and platinum-lead catalysts in fuel cell electrodes. G.R. A77-31173 Influence of bonding and filling agents on the activity of tungsten carbide hydrogen electrodes. M. Svata (Czecho- slovak Academy of Sciences, Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Prague, Czechoslovakia) and S. Rudolf (Dresden, Technische Universitat, Dresden, East Germany). Journal of Power Sources, vol. 1, Apr. 1977, p. 277-284. 7 refs. In the reported investigation a series of electrodes were made from tungsten carbide samples, which differed with regard to purity, grain size, structure, and surface area. The catalysts were bonded with polytetrafluoroethylene or polyethylene. Filling agents used to increase the pore volume include (COOH)2, (NH4COO12, KHC03, NH4HC03, NH4NO3, NH4CI, KCI, and Na2SO4. G.R. A77-31244 Applications of thin graded-index films to solar absorbers. I. T. Ritchie and B. Window (Sydney, University, Sydney, Australia). Applied Optics, vol. 16, May 1977, p. 1438-1443. 21 refs. Research supported by the Australian Research Grants Committee and University of Sydney. The solar absorptance of a single ideal film on an idealized metallic substrate has been calculated as a function of its optical constants to determine the optimum parameters for selective absorber applications. High normal solar absorptances (above 0.9) are possible for single uniform interference films if n is less than 1.5 and k is greater than 0.2 and less than 0.8. values that are achievable using cermet materials. The parameters n and k are the real and imaginary parts of the refractive index. Grading the refractive index of single interference films improves the absorptance, with optimum results given by a uniformly increasing dielectric constant through the layer. With such a linear grading to air, normal solar absorptances of greater than 0.9 can be achieved for n below 1.5 and k between 0.1 and 5. Grading an absorbing material with a dielectric also improves the performance of the absorbing material. For bulk films, the optimum profile with minimum material is one where the dielectric constant increases slowly at the surface of the film. (Author) A77-31245 Lighting with sunlight using sun tracking concentrators. M. A. Duguay (Bell Telephone Laboratories, Inc., Holmdel, N.J.) and R. M. Edgar (Sandia Laboratories, Albuquerque, N. Mex.). Applied Optics, vol. 16, May 1977, p. 1444-1446. 8 refs. ERDA-supported research. The use of controlled beams of sunlight for lighting interior parts of a building is proposed-as an economically attractive and practical option in a solar context. Sun tracking concentrators introduce beams of sunlight through holes in the roof. Inside, the beams can be relayed throughout the building by means of mirrors and lenses. Ideally cool lighting is obtained by using dielectric mirrors to separate the visible and IR parts of the solar spectrum. The IR can be used to generate electricity and usable heat in solar cells. Results of a preliminary experiment are given. (Author) A77-31262 * Analysis of steranes and triterpanes in geolipid extracts by automatic classification of mass spectra. A. M. K. Wardroper, P. W. Brooks, M. J. Humberston, and J. R. Maxwell (Bristol, University, Bristol, England). Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, vol. 41, Apr. 1977, p. 499-510. 41 refs. Research supported by the Nuffield Foundation; Natural Environment Research Council Grant No. GR/3/2420; Grant No. NGL-05-003-003. A computer method is described for the automatic classification of triterpanes and steranes into gross structural type from their mass spectral characteristics. The method has been applied to the spectra obtained by gas-chromatographic/mass-spectroscopic analysis of two mixtures of standards and of hydrocarbon fractions isolated from Green River and Messel oil shales. Almost all of the steranes and triterpanes identified previously in both shales were classified, in addition to a number of new components. The results indicate that classification of such alkanes is possible with a laboratory computer system. The method has application to diagenesis and maturation studies as well as to oil/oil and oil/source rock correlations in which rapid screening of large numbers of samples is required. (Author) 260 A77-31468 A77-31371 # Solar energy can be self-supporting long-term energy storage. R. F. Benseman (Department of Scientific and Industrial Research, Physics and Engineering Laboratory, Lower Hutt, New Zealand). New Zealand Energy Journal, vol. 50, Feb. 25, 1977, p. 17, 18. The problem of long-term storage of collected solar energy is considered.' Storage media discussed include water, graded rock or gravel, and'salt hydrates (for latent-heat storage). It is suggested that the scale of storage be increased so that energy collected during the favorable summer months can be used in winter. Applications to individual houses are evaluated along with the possibility of combining 'the relatively small stores of individual houses into a single store to be shared by a number of them. Additional advantages of shared storage are briefly noted: F.G.M. A77-31372 The law for saving energy and its significance for energy politics (Das Energieeinsparungsgesetz und seine Bedeu- tung fur die Energiepolitik). G. Krink (Bundesministerium fur Wirtschaft, Bonn, West Germany). (Norddeutsche Fachtagung iiber Brsuchwasserwarfflung im Hochbau, Planungsgrundlagen - energie- •sparende Systemlosungen, Bremen, West Germany, Nov. 9, 1976.) HLH - Zeitschrift fur Heizung, Liiftung, Klimatechnik, vol. 28, Apr. 1977, p. 132-134. In German. An evaluation is conducted of the significance of the West German law of July 1976 for the saving of energy. The law has the objective to reduce energy losses related to the heating of buildings. An economical compensation for the additional investment costs which arise in connection with this law is to be provided by the reduction in heating costs which will be obtained as a consequence of the investment. It is pointed out that the law affects essentially only new buildings with 300,000 to 400,000 apartments per year. In theory, it would be possible to save energy also in the case of old apartments. However, structural differences of old buildings in West Germany make it difficult to prescribe by law economically justifiable investments. G.R. A77-31373 Energy savings by application of knowledge of building physics. I - Wall permeability and its significance for the atmospheric conditions in the building interior, the design and the thermal characteristics of windows, problems concerning the per- meability of the joints (Energceeinsparung durch Anwendung von Erkenntnissen der Bauphysik. I - Wanddurchlassigkeit und ihre Bedeutung fur die Luftzustande im Gebaudeinnern, Konstruktion und 'warmetechnisches Verhalten von Fenstern, Problematik der FugendurchlassigkeM. H. Reinders.-HLH • Zeitschrift fur He>2ung, Liiftung, Klimatechnik,-vol. 28, Apr. 1977, p. 135-140. In German. An investigation is conducted of the various factors which have to be taken into account in the design of buildings, rooms, and heating systems which will provide optimum conditions with respect to the heating requirements and the physiological requirements of the occupants. The amount of oxygen needed by a person is considered, taking into account various physiological and activity conditions, the environmental temperature, and aspects of oxygen concentration. Regulations which are to assure satisfactory physio- logical conditions for the occupants of a room are examined. Attention is given to. an exchange of air between the building exterior and interior by means of diffusion processes and the significance of this exchange. Aspects of heat transfer through windows are discussed. Numerical relations are provided regarding the external air volume needed to prevent an excessive carbon dioxide concentration in the room. G.R. An investigation is conducted concerning the energy quantity which can be obtained by means of solar energy during the summer in the case of a one-family house with a heated residential area of 140 sq m. Two cases are considered, including a new building designed according to the regulations of the law for the saving of energy in West Germany and a currently existing building from the year 1970 without special insulation properties. The investigation shows that the energy consumption for tap water heating during the time from April 1 to September 30 is for the considered case much lower than it is generally assumed. The significance of the savings possible by a use of solar energy appears not very significant. G.R. A77-31375 Optimal tap water heating (Optimale Brauch- wassererwarmung). C. Kittel. (Norddeutsche Fachtagung iiber Brauchwasserwarmung im Hochbau, Planungsgrundlagen - energ/e- sparende Systemlosungen', Bremen, West Germany, Nov. 9, 1976.) HLH - Zeitschrift fur Heizung, Liiftung, Klimatechnik, vol. 28, Apr. 1977, p. 152-156. In German. Developments in the area of tap water heating devices during the last ten years have led to the design of systems with optimum energy utilization characteristics. The systems are generally based on a use of solid fuels, oil, gas, or electricity. The law for the saving of energy in buildings in West Germany has recently directly affected the system technology and the design of the devices. A description is presented of the various types of tap water heating systems used, taking into account direct and indirect heating methods. Attention is given to aspects of temperature limitation, storage considerations, the use of suitable insulation for an economic operation, and the advantages of an employment of a glass-like coating on the metallic base material. . G.R. A77-31426 High-power systems with ac generators and inertial storage banks for electrophysical devices. I. A. Glebov, E. G. Kasharskii, N. IM. Kustov, and F. G. Rutberg (Vsesoiuznyi Nauchno- Issledovatel'skii Institut Elektromashinostroeniia, Leningrad, USSR). fPis'ma v Zhurnal Tekhnicheskoi Fiziki, vol. 2, June 12, 1976,-p. 496-500.) Soviet Technical Physics Letters, vol. 2,-June--1976, p. 194, 195. 5 refs. Translation. The paper discusses some of the physical requirements of high-power energy sources, consisting of a synchronous generator and a flywheel, for supplying electromechanical loads to the magnet systems of, for example, Tokamak devices. Based on a formula for the highest permissible velocity of points at the periphery-of the flywheel in terms of specific strength and structural features'of the flywheel, a nomogram is given, from which one can determine flywheel weight, maximum radius, and length for given required stored energies. P.T.H. A77-31467 Alternative energy sources. Edited by J. P. Hartnett (Illinois, University, Chicago, III.). New York, Academic Press, Inc.; Washington, D.C., Hemisphere Publishing Corp., 1976. 335 p. $28.50. The place and role of various energy resources in energetics of the future is considered along with the case for alternative energy sources, energy development and related UNESCO activities, applica- tions of fluidized beds in coal technology, coal gasification, and solar-thermal energy systems. Attention is also given to the French CNRS 1000 kW solar furnace, solar-thermal power systems, heat and mass transfer in the earth, and the present and future of geothermal power utilization. G.R. A77-31374 Economy of tap water heating in summer by means of solar energy (Wirtschaftlichkeit der Sommer-Brauch- wassererwarmung mit Solarenergie). A. Dittrich (Gesellschaft zur Fbrderung der Heizungs- und Klimatechnik mbH, Diisseldorf, West Germany). HLH - Zeitschrift fiir Heizung, Liiftung, Klimatechnik, vol. 28, Apr. 1977, p. 141-144. 5 refs. In German. A77-31468 Place and role of various energy resources in energetics of the future. M. A. Styrikovich (Academy of Sciences, National Committee for Heat and Mass Transfer, Moscow, USSR). In: Alternative energy sources. New York, Academic Press, Inc.; Washington, D.C., Hemisphere Publishing Corp., 1976, p. 1-17. 261 A77-31469 An evaluation is conducted regarding the significance of various sources of energy, taking into account the situation during the first three quarters of the 20th century and future developments. Estimates are obtained concerning the main categories of the world energy sources, giving attention to oil, natural gas, coal, nuclear fuel, solar energy, hydraulic resources, geothermal resources, and power resources related to the energy of wind, tide, sea current, and waves. Developments concerning the growth in energy demand are con- sidered and energy supply prospects are investigated. G.R. The characteristics of insolation which have to be considered in an assessment of the potential for solar energy devices at a geographical location are examined. A thermal analysis of flat-plate collectors is conducted, taking into account a qualitative description, the collector energy gain and fluid temperature rise, and the mathematical relations concerning the heat losses. Attention is also given to flat-plate collector performance results, thermal storage, and space conditioning systems. G.R. A77-31469 The case for alternative energy sources. J. P. Hartnett (Illinois, University, Chicago, III.). In: Alternative energy sources. •, - .New York, Academic Press, Inc.; Wash- ington, D.C., Hemisphere Publishing Corp., 1976, p. 19-38. 9 refs. World energy consumption patterns are examined and the fuels used for energy during the time from 1950 to 1970 are considered. An investigation is conducted regarding the distribution of energy resources, taking into account, reserves of natural gas and oil, coal resources, peat resources, oil shale and bituminous sands, uranium reserves, hydro resources, geothermal resources, solar energy, tidal power, wind power, and ocean thermal gradients. Attention is also given to postembargo energy projections and the energy program in the U.S. G.R. A77-31470 Applications of fluidized beds in coal tech- nology. A. M. Squires (City College, New York, N.Y.). In: Alternative energy sources. New York, Academic Press, Inc.;. Washington, D.C., Hemisphere Publishing Corp., 1976, p. 59-109. 40 refs. -Research supported by the Empire State Electric Energy Research Corp.; NSF'Grant No. AER-72-03426-4. ". Particulate and "aggregative fluidizatiorn is considered and questions regarding the contrast between the behavior of fine and coarse "powders are investigated. Attention is given to analogies-with aerated pools of. a liquid;'the cocurrent upflow of air and water, the' turbulent^and fast fluidization of, a group A solid, the fast fluidized bed calciner" of a company in "West Germany, "studies of fast' fluidization carried out at the City University of New York, data reported by Lanneau (1960) concerning the instantaneous point density 'of a-f luidized cracking catalyst, heat- transfer' in a fast fluidized bed, the kinetics of the gasification of coal in a fluidized bed, species of fluidization, and details of fluidized bed combustion. G.R. A77-31471 . Coal gasification. K. Hedden (Karlsruhe, Uni- versitat, Karlsruhe, West Germany). In: Alternative energy sources. . " • ' " . , N e w York, Academic Press, lnc.;'Washington, D.C.,.Hemisphere Publishing Corp., 1976, p. 111-148. 6 refs. One of the two gasification processes is based on the destructive distillation of coal. In this carbonizing process the greater part of the volatile matter of the coal is driven off and coke is left as a by-product. In the second process gas is produced by gasifying coke residues of the carbonization process with steam, carbon dioxide, oxygen, air, hydrogen, or.mixtures of these gases. Aspects of process stoichiqmetry and thermochemistry are discussed along with the chemical equilibrium, chemical kinetics, and the"'influence of mass transfer. A description is presented of the types of gasification processes and yield reactions. Conventional gas producers are considered and new developments in gasification are examined. G.R. A77-31472 - Solar-thermal energy systems. E. M. Sparrow and R. B. Sparrow (Minnesota, University, Minneapolis, Minn.). In: Alternative energy sources. New York, Academic Press, Inc.; Washington, D.C., Hemisphere Publishing Corp., 1976, p. 149-182. 1 6 refs. - . : > . . • • A77-31473 The French CNRS 1000 kW solar furnace - Description, performance characteristics, present utilization, and perspectives. F. Trombe, A. Le Phat Vinh, and C. Royere (CNRS, Laboratoire de I'Energie Solaire, Font Romeu, Pyrenees-Orientales, France). In: Alternative energy sources. New York, Academic Press, Inc.; Washington, D.C., Hemisphere Publish- ing Corp., 1976, p. 183-217. 21 refs. A77-31474 Solar-thermal power systems. J. C. Denton (American Technological University, Killeen, Tex.). In: Alternative energy sources. New York, Academic, Press, Inc.; Washington, D.C., Hemisphere Publishing Corp., 1976, p. 219-243. 18 refs. The characteristics of the solar energy source are examined, taking into account the solar-energy spectrum at sea level and outside the atmosphere, diurnal and seasonal variations, and direct and indirect radiation. The energy contained in the solar flux can be collected if it is allowed to fall on a suitable collector. A description is presented of focusing and nonfocusing thermal collectors. Ap- proaches for storing the thermal energy from the collectors are discussed, giving attention to thermal-energy storage and chemical energy storage] Electric power utility considerations are also 'ex- plored. G.R. A77-31475 Geothermal power utilization, present and future. V. K. Jonsson (University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland)."In: Alternative energy sources. . New York, Academic Press, Inc.; Washington, D.C., Hemisphere Publishing Corp., 1976, p. 279-324,22 refs. Developments in Iceland are discussed as an example for geothermal power utilization in the case of a country which has large resources of hydro and geothermal energy. The geology of Iceland is considered along with the chemistry of the thermal water, a diatomite plant, greenhouses heated by natural hot water, fish farming, seaweed drying, freeze drying, the Reykjanes salt plant, a' magnesium project, heavy-water production, and recreational and health applications. Attention is given to aspects of geothermal power generation and the district heating system in Iceland. G.R. A77-31487 Raman scattering and the characterisation of atmospheric aerosol particles. H. Rosen and T. Novakov (California, University, Berkeley, Calif.). Nature, vol. 266, Apr. 21, 1977. p. 708-710. 5 refs. ERDA-NSF-supported research. Experiments to demonstrate the feasibility of characterizing particulate pollutants by means of Raman spectroscopy are de- scribed. Samples included diesel exhaust particles, automobile exhaust particles, and several ambient air samples. Spectra from these samples were compared with those of polycrystalline graphite and activated carbon. The results indicate that physical structures similar to activated carbon are at least a major species and may be the dominant species in both source-enriched and ambient samples. P.T.H. 262 A77-31577 A77-31534 Evaporation of a drop of solution in a high- temperature medium. A. M. Golovin (Moskovskii Gosudarstvennyi Universitet, Moscow, USSR) and V. R. Pesochin (Akademiia Nauk SSSR, Nauchno-lssledovatel'skii Institut Vysokikh Temperatur, Moscow, USSR). fTeplofizika Vysokikh Temperatur, vol. 14, July- Aug. 1976, p. 814-822.) High Temperature, vol. 14, no. 4, Jan. 1977, p. 720-727. 26 refs. Translation. The evaporation of an isolated droplet of an aqueous solution of potassium carbonate in combustion products of a fuel gas is analyzed. It is shown that the droplet goes through the following stages: heating; evaporation of water, accompanied by the formation of a saturated solution; evaporation of this solution, accompanied by the formation of a solid phase; heating and melting of the solid phase; and finally heating and evaporation of the liquid potassium carbonate. Semiempirical formulas are proposed for calculating the drag coefficient and Nusselt number in the motion of an evaporating droplet. Evaporation and melting are calculated in a quasi-steady approximation. V.P. A77-31538 Effect of various losses on the characteristics of powerful MHD generators. V. A. Bitiurin, P. P. Ivanov, V. I. Kovbasiuk, and G. M. Koriagina (Akademiia Nauk SSSR, Nauchno- lssledovatel'skii Institut Vysokikh Temperatur, Moscow, USSR). STeptofizika Vysokikh Temperatur, vol. 14, July-Aug. 1976, p. 846-852.) High Temperature, vol. 14, no. 4, Jan. 1977, p. 748-753. 9 refs. Translation. The hydrodynamic characteristics of MHD flow are discussed for generators of the type used in 1000 MW open-cycle power plants. Detailed attention is given to the influence on the output charac- teristics of electrodynamic effects associated with the nonuniformity of the flow in boundary layers, the electrode phenomena, the nonuniformity of conductivity across the channel, the Hall effect in flows with a nonuniform conductivity, and end effects. The analysis is aimed at identifying basic errors in conventional (quasi-one- dimensional) computations of the gasdynamic and electric charac- teristics of MHD flows, and the causes of the errors. The need to thoroughly analyze the influence of conductivity nonuniformity and to optimize the flow conditions is pointed out. V.P. A77-31540 Calculation or thermal stresses in ceramic elements of the refractory channel walls of a magnetohydrodynamic generator. A. M. Dubasov (Akademiia Nauk SSSR, Nauchno- Issledovatel'skii Institut Vysokikh Temperatur, Moscow, USSR). (Teplofizika Vysokikh Temperatur, vol. '14, July-Aug. 1976, p. 872-880.) High Temperature, vol. 14, no. 4, Jan. 1977, p. 771-778. 6 refs. Translation. A method is proposed for calculating thermal stresses in ceramic solid and multilayer plates and in ceramic cylinders of finite length. The temperature field is assumed to vary only over the plate thickness or the cylinder length. The thermal stresses in plates are calculated with allowance for the temperature dependence of the modulus of elasticity and for the stress-strain state. Stresses in cylinders are calculated for a constant modulus of elasticity, in the form of polynomials of the radial and axial coordinates. The solution satisfies rigorously the compatibility and equilibrium equations and the boundary conditions at one end. The method is illustrated by examples. V.P. A77-31572 Energy policies of France, Britain, and Germany compared (Les politiques energetiques comparees de la France, de I'Angleterre et de l'Allemagne). G. de Carmoy (Institut Europeen d'Administration d'Affaires, Fontainebleau; Paris, Institut d'Etudes Politiques, Paris, France). Revue de I'Energie, vol. 28, Mar. 1977, p. 160-164. 5 refs. In French. Recent changes in the energy policies of France, Britain, and Germany in response to the rise in petroleum prices, presented imported fuel volume, and available coal reserves (hard coal, soft coal, lignite, gasifiable) are examined. Coal reserves in the several forms of occurrence of coal are reviewed separately for each of the three industrial powers. Factors limiting the production of west European coal are isolated: rises in production costs and labor costs; limited capacity of existing power plants. Construction of modern- ized coal-fired power plants is seen as crucial. R.D.V. A77-31573 Equivalence of electricity and fuels - Contrib- uting elements to a critical discussion (Equivalences entre electricite et combustibles - Elements pour une discussion critique). P. Ramain (CNRS, Institut Economique et Juridique de I'Energie, France). Revue de I'Energie, vol. 28, Mar. 1977, p. 165-174. 10 refs. In French. • . Definition and selection of a useful concept of equivalence between electricity and fuel to be consumed in generating electricity are explored. Adequacies and inadequacies of various approaches for arriving at equivalents of electric power and fuels, prompt determina- tion of an equivalence coefficient, the concept of 'equal rendered^ service', and calculations of equivalence coefficients are dealt with. Applications to electricity per se, and to other forms of energy and energy generation and transmission are considered (heat pump, nuclear power, coal-fired power generation, hydroelectric power, heat generated). R.D.V.' A77-31574 Energy and natural resources (Energie et res- sources naturelles). M. Grenon. Revue de I'Energie, vol. 28; Mar.- 1977, p. 175-182. In French_ ; I Applications of the WELMM (water, energy, land, materials/ manpower) method to analysis of available natural sources are studied as a complement to existing economic analysis technique's.: Use of WELMM as a tool in energy accounting, a"hd studies of the* availability of,-, mutual interaction of, and consumer demands on, natural resources, is considered. Specific applications discussed; include:, energy analysis of a production offshore-oil well in. the; North Sea, interaction between natural resources in an energy.chain. (generation of electric power by nuclear fuel.-or .fossil--fuel),; generation of electric power from coal combustion, and generation • of electric power by nuclear means. , R.D.V.: A77-31576 Gas economy - Gas technology.(Gaswirtschaft - Gastechnik). E. Scholand (Ruhr-Universitat, Bochum, Westi Germany)..Brennstoff-Warme-Kraft, vol. 29, Apr. 1977,,p..128-131. 122 refs. In German. Economic developments concerning the use of natural gas in West Germany are considered along with questions related to the available natural gas reserves, technological aspects concerning the distribution and transportation of natural gas with the aid of. pipelines and ships designed for such applications, and the importation of gas from the Netherlands, Norway, Iran, the Soviet Union, and China. The use of natural gas in the German industry is discussed, taking into account a utilization in the iron and steel industry and a use for the generation of electric power. Attention is also given to a use of gas in private households, questions of safety and environmental protection, and the possibility to replace natural gas with gas obtained by the gasification of coal. G.R. A77-31577 Regenerative energy sources (Regenerative Energiequellen). M. Meliss (Kernforschungsanlage Jiilich GmbH, Julich, West Germany). Brennstoff-Warme-Kraft, vol. 29, Apr. 1977, p. 136-142. 63 refs. In German. The significance of the various primary energy sources with respect to a utilization in West Germany is examined. In the case of geothermal energy, it is found that the current possibilities concerning a use of this energy source in West Germany are very limited. The feasibility to utilize solar radiation is also investigated. It is'estimated that about 100% of the hydroelectric power potential in West Germany will be utilized in 1985. However, there might be possibilities for technology export in connection with currently not exploited water power resources outside Germany. The large-scale 263 A77-31578 utilization of the available wind energy depends on the solution of energy storage problems. Attention is also given to heating systems utilizing heat pumps and the employment of flat plate solar energy collectors. G.R. A77-31578 Efficient energy utilization (Rationelle Ener- gieverwendung). K. F. Ebersbach and G. Layer (Forschungsstelle fur Energiewirtschaft, Munich, West Germany). Brennstoff-Warme-Kraft, vol. 29, Apr. 1977, p. 149-151. 33 refs. In German. A description is presented of investigations which have been conducted in West Germany with the objective to explore possi- bilities concerning a saving of energy by various approaches. Attention is given to the improvement of the efficiency of energetic process, the reduction of the energy intensity in the case of household devices, the possibilities for a utilization of waste heat, the use of heat-pump heating systems, the utilization of solar energy for heating and hot-water supply applications, and approaches to. save fuel in motor-vehicle operation. G.R. A77-31579 . Energy storage (Energiespeicherung). .G. Eisenmann and E. Hahne (Stuttgart,-Universitat, Stuttgart, West Germany). Brennstoff-Warme-Kraft. vol. 29, Apr. 1977, p. 151-154. 114 refs. In German. • • A literature review is provided concerning publications which are related to approaches for the storage of energy. Attention is given to the storage of oil and coal, gas storage in tanks and underground locations, energy storage with the aid of flywheels, the storage of energy as potential energy in the form of water pumped to a higher level, short-term.and long-term thermal energy storage in containers, .compressed air storage, heat storage systems for air conditioning, packed bed thermal" storage systems for solar air heating and cooling systems, adsorbent energy storage beds, a solar pond for space heating, latent heat storage systems, the use of chemical reactions for lienergy storage, and various types of secondary storage batteries. G.R. A77-31595 Energy demands: Modeling methods and tech- niques (La derriande d'energie: Methodes et techniques de modelisa- tionl.'J; Girbd.- Paris, Centre National de la'Recherche Scientifique, ^1977..190 p: 197 refs. In French. S8.00. - - ' - • ' Review, classification, analysis, and critique of the vast rangeof models advanced to account for the amplitude and variations of energy demands on global and local scales are addressed. The need for structuring of energy demand models is taken into cognizance. Chapter headings include: energy demand models; total energy consumption; energy consumption by sector, by form of energy, by use; energy demand • price and equipment; models, energy costs, and calculation of econometric elasticity; models for distribution of parts of the market; power equipment and calculation of substitutable demand; KLEM (capital-labor-materials-energy) models; optimization and simulation models. R.D.V. A77-31673 Thermal accumulators. P. W! O'Callaghan.and S.-D. Probert (Cranfield Institute of Technology, Cranfield, Beds., England). Applied Energy, vol. 3, Jan. 1977, p. 51-64. A preliminary guide is developed for an initial assessment of sensible- and latent-heat storage systems for short-term and long-term applications. Insulant efficiency, stratification effects and the tran- sient and periodic behavior of the store medium and its auxiliaries should be considered in greater depth once the store capacity as a primary design parameter has been chosen. Design charts relating storage volume, thermal capacity, boundary insulant thickness and time constant are provided. \ S.D. A77-31674 Fluidisation and gas combustion in a rotating fluidised bed. C. I. Metcalfe and J. R. Howard (Aston, University, Birmingham, England). Applied Energy, vol. 3, Jan. 1977, p. 65-74. 19 refs. Research supported by the National Research Development Corp. The background against which this novel type of high intensity combustor is being developed is described. Some of the design, development and operating problems involved are reported. Condi- tions for satisfactory fluidization of the particles and combustion of propane within a rotating fluidized bed are outlined. Running experience shows that stable, complete combustion of propane can be sustained at intensities exceeding 85 MW/cu m of bed particles when a centripetal acceleration of ten times gravity is applied to a shallow bed of particles without an unacceptable pressure drop. . . (Author) A77-31698 Thermal energy storage. M. N. Bahadori. Iranian Journal of Science and Technology, vol. 5, no. 4, 1976, p. 159-171. 26 refs. Thermal-energy storage using sensible heating and physical and chemical changes are considered. The sensible heating process includes the-storage in building elements, water, and .rock beds. Advantages and'disadvantages of each are given. Thermal energy storage through physical changes, including solid-solid, solid-liquid, and liquid-vapor transitions are discussed with more emphasis placed on the fusion of salt-hydrates. The chemical change thermal storage includes a number of chemical reactions. The intermediate and long-term thermal energy storages include the use of swimming pools, solar ponds, caves, cisterns and wells. It is concluded that water is the best medium for thermal energy storage for heating and cooling of buildings. ' ' ' '(Author) A77-31750* - Accelerated heat-aging studies on fluororubber in various media. S. H. Kalfayan, R. H. Silver, and S.' S. Liu (California Institute of Technology, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif.). Rubber Chemistry and Technology, vol. 49, Sept.-Oct. 1976, p. 1001-1009. 12 refs. Contract No. NAS7-100. Heat-aging studies were conducted on fluororubber (copolymers of vinylidene fluoride and perfluoropropylene) using N,N-dicinna- mylidene-1,6-hexariediamine,. a Schiff's base of 1,6-hexanediamine, and MgO as acid.acceptor. The principal technique employed was chemical stress relaxation for determining network changes .brought about in the heat-aged fluororubber. This technique was backed-up by swelling measurements, gel permeation chromatography, and.lR spectroscopy. Stress relaxation curves are plotted for a wide range of variation in parameters (time, crosslinking density, state of curing, temperature, intermittent and continuous relaxation). R.D.V. A77-31823 Spectral response and efficiency relations in semiconductor liquid junction solar cells. A. Heller, K. C. Chang, and B. Miller (Bell Telephone Laboratories, Inc., Murray Hill/N.J.). Electrochemical Society, Journal, vol. 124. May 1977. p. 697-700. 12 refs. . States due to imperfections at or near surfaces of semi- conductors in liquid junction solar cells can be identified by changes in the photoresponse spectra under short-circuit current conditions. These effects become dominant .features in two-beam experiments with an intense pumping (laser) source and a weak modulated probing beam. The presence of these states.can be correlated.with: drastic decreases in short-circuit currents, open-circuit voltages, fill factors, and maximum power conversion efficiencies of the cells. Elimination, of .the damaged surface regions by suitable etching allows AM2 solar conversion efficiencies of 1.3 and 7.2%, respective- ly, in the cells n-CdS/O.IF -Na2S-0.02F S-0.1F NaOH/C and n-CdSe/1F Na2S-1F S-1F NaOH/C. . / - (Author ) A77-31825 Potential energy: An analysis of world energy technology. M. Kenward. Cambridge and New York, Cambridge University Press, 1976,236 p. S14.95. General conditions concerning the available energy sources for the world's economy are examined, taking into .account the growth in world energy consumption over the period from 1962 to 1972. New uses of coal are considered along with aspects of gasification and liquefaction. Prospects concerning a use of nuclear fission are investigated, taking into account thermal reactors, breeder reactors, the fuel cycle, waste management, reactor safety, nuclear process heat, and fuel transformations. Attention is also given to oil resources, oil shales, tar sands, fusion, solar power, geothermal energy, wind power, the utilization of the tides, and question; related to an efficient use of available fuels. G.R. 264 A7732053 A77-31849 # "The role of gas utilization in environmental protection (A gazfelhasznalas szerepe a kornyezetvedelemben). F. Moticska (Orszagos Koolaj- es Gazipari Troszt, Hungary). Energia es' Atomtechnika, vol. 30, Feb. 1977, p. 82-86. 7 refs. In Hungarian. Increased use of hydrocarbons on a world scale, and in Hungary specifically (petroleum and natural gas imported from the USSR), to meet rising energy needs, accompanied by a decrease in the combustion of solid fossil fuels, is noted. Emission and immissions (specific pollution of a unit volume) are defined, major pollutants are identified (C02, CO, hydrocarbons, S02, NOx) and characterized briefly, and specific pollution forms (heat, soot, fly ash) are described. Emission levels worldwide for some pollutants are tabulated, along with proportions of major energy sources in use over the XX century (to 2000). Hungarian air pollution control measures and accepted levels are presented, and advantages of the use of stable fuel systems and natural gas are argued. R.D.V. A77-31850" # " Critical comments concerning the application of the availability concept in power plant technology (Kritische Bemerkungen zur Anwendung des Verfiigbarkeitsbegriffs in der Kraftwerkstechnik). W. Brune (VEB Kernkraftwerk, Rheinsberg, East Germany). Energietechnik, vol. 27, Feb. 1977, p. 71-75. 17 refs. In German. It is pointed out that there is as yet no generally recognized uniform exact definition for .the , important reliability .criterion 'availability' in power plant technology. Existing availability defini- tions are examined and a proposal for improved^mpirical definitions is discussed. The derivation of stochastic availabilities on the basis of alternating, renovation processes is also considered. The relation between the theoretically derived definitions and .the .proposed empirical d<"f'"itions is investigated., . . . G.R. A77-31855 # Energy-turn-rate characteristics and turn per- formance 'of an aircraft: !K. S. Yajnik (National Aeronautical Laboratory," Bangalore, India). Journal of Aircraft,' vol. 14,' May 1977, p. 428-433. " • '• • -> Specific energy-of turn' (SET), which is defined as the energy required to overcome'drag per unit mass per turn, is a simple concept for evaluating the turn effectiveness "of an aircraft. The characteristics of SET vs. turn rate indicate 'the effects of drag polar and wing loading under given conditions of flight. The simplicity of constant thrust/weight curves and cbristant'maxirnum-lift-coefficient curves in the SET-turn-rate plane peVmits'a convenient separation of their effects on the achievable peak sustained and transient turn-rates. SET is shown to be an absolute 'minimum at-a certain optimum turn rate for the given configuration, wing loading, and flight conditions', the optimum turn rate is generally larger than that needed for maximum 4D ratio. 'Analytical expressions of optimum turn rate, minimum SET, and an index of flatness of the SET-turn-rate curve are obtained oh the basis of a recent representation of the drag polar, which seems to be an acceptable approximation over a large range of angles of attack. Ah example is given to indicate possible applications to parametric'stu'dies. ' • -' (Author) A77-31889 Particle size distributions of dusts in the flue gas of power plants and'in atmospheric air (Korngrossenverteilungen von StSuben im Rauchgas von Kraftwerken und in atmospharischer Luft). L. Laskus and E. Lahmann (Bundesgesundheitsamt, Institut fur Wasser- Boden- und Lufthygiene, Berlin, West Germany). Staub - Reinhaltung der Luft, vol. 37, Apr. 1977, p. 136-140. 10 refs. In German. A description is presented of investigations concerning the total dust concentration in the flue gas of coal-fired power plants, the concentration of a number of metallic elements, and the particle size distribution of the dust components. The results obtained for the flue gas investigations are compared with data of similar studies conducted with atmospheric dust. The metallic components con- sidered include Ca, Fe, Cu, Zn, Mn, and Pb. . G.R. A77-31899 Use of a Lowry-type spatial allocation model in an urban transportation energy study. J. L. Edwards (Minnesota, University, Minneapolis, Minn'.). Transportation Research, vol. 11,' Apr. 1977, p. 117-126. 19 "refs. " ' ' •-• • • - • ' This paper describes the structure of a Lowry-type spatial allocation model and the results of using the model to evaluate several different hypothetical urban forms with respect to the level of transportation energy consumed in urban passenger travel. The Lowry-type model was used together with simple models of trip generation, mode choice and trip assignment to produce realistic land-use patterns and-characteristic travel behavior in each city. Interzonal trip matrices were computed for each of five trip purposes . (work, two types of shopping or service, non-home based and social) and, following the assignment of trips to the network, energy models for automobile as well as transit were uti l ized-to assess the transportation energy consumed over all trip purposes in each of several different urban spatial structures. (Author) A77-31935 # Ways of improving fuel utilization in industry (Shliakhi pidvishchennia efektivnosti vikoristannia paliva v promislo- vosti). V. F. Kopitov. Akademiia Nauk Ukrains'koi RSR. Visnik, vol. 41, Jan. 1977, p. 49-55. 5 refs. In Ukrainian. Winning, primary processing,. secondary processing, hauling, distribution, and conservation of fuel and fuel resources are surveyed, and the worldwide energy structure is examined. Ef- ficiencies in extraction and utilization of fuels and utilization of energy are defined for various stages of fuel consumption. Ways of saving fuel, reduction of losses in burning fuel of low heating value, automation of gas combustion, choice of electric power or gas for industrial processes, heat insulation, and modification of industrial processes to minimize fuel and energy wastage are discussed. Measures of fuel conversion efficiency and fuel consumption efficiency are provided for various types of users' and branches "'of industry. R.D.V. ;, ' ' . . • ~ " I' . ' • ' A77-31951 ' Selective black absorbers using RF-sputiered Cr2O3/Cr cermet films. J. C. C. Fan and S. A. Spura (MIT, Lexington, Mass.). Applied Physics Letters, vol. 30, May 15, ,1977, p. 511-513. 7 rejs. USAF-sponsored-research. :.... • ;• r.•;• (t,^-.,1, Excellent selective black absorbers for solar radiation,-;with solar absorptivity of over 0.9 and infrared emissivity of less,than".0:1,.have been obtained by using RF sputtering to coat metal substrates with a Cr2O3/Cr cermet film, then with a Cr2O3 antireflection coating. By determining the optical .constants of Cr203/Cr films'over the composition range up to 35 vol% Cr, it was found that films containing 29 vol% Cr are nearly optimum for this application: The optical and chemical properties of absorbers made with such films are quite similar to those obtained with electroplated Cr-black coatings. This similarity suggests that the electroplated coatings are actually Cr203/Cr cermets comparable in composition and micro- structure to the sputtered films. : (Author) A77-32053 * ff Mass driver retrievals of earth-approaching asteroids. B. O'Leary (Princeton University, Princeton, N.J.). American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics and Princeton University, Conference on Space Manufacturing Facilities, 3rd, Princeton, N.J., May 9-12, 1977, AIAA Paper 77-528. 10 p. 36 refs. Grant No. NsG-2062. Mass driver tugs can be designed to move Apollo and Amor asteroids at'opportunities of low velocity increment to the vicinity of the earth. The cost of transferring asteroids through a velocity interval of 3 km/sec by mass driver is about 16 cents per kilogram amortized over 10 years, about ten times less than that required to retrieve lunar resources during the early phases of a program of space manufacturing. About 22 per cent of a 200-meter diameter asteroid could be transferred to high earth orbit by an automated 100 megawatt solar-powered mass driver in a period of five years for a cost of approximately Si billion. Estimates of the total investment of a space manufacturing program could be reduced twofold by using asteroidal instead of lunar resources; such a program could begin several years sooner with minimal concurrent development if asteroidal search programs and mass driver development are im- mediately accelerated. ' (Author) 265 A77-32054 A77-32054 * # Space solar power - The transportation chal- lenge. H. P. Davis (NASA, Johnson Space Center, Future Programs Office, Houston, Tex.). American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics and Princeton University, Conference on Space Manu- facturing Facilities, 3rd, Princeton, N.J., May 9-12, 1977, AIAA Paper 77-529. 8 p. 30 refs. The status of space .transportation systems analyses referable to the SPS (solar power satellite) is reviewed briefly. Propulsion systems (including magnetoplasmadynamic) and booster arrangements for the SPS mission and variants in recovery arrangements (including winged •recovery) -are summarized, along with proposals for production of SPS components in space from lunar and asteroidal materials. Transportation of the pilot plant into low circumterrestrial orbit or high geosynchronous orbit, transfers between those orbits, and construction of a large work bench structure (orbital construction demonstration article - OCDA) in low earth orbit are discussed. R.D.V. A77-32062 // Environmental impact of space manufacturing. R.. R. .Vondrak (Stanford Research Institute, Menlo Park, Calif.). American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics and Princeton University, Conference oh Space Manufacturing Facilities, 3rd, Princeton, N.J.: May 9-12, 1977, AIAA Paper 77-539. 5 p. 15refs. The natural environments of the earth, the moon, and cislunar space can be affected by the construction and operation of large manufacturing facilities in space. Environmental impact occurs when gases, dust, and electromagnetic:radiation are introduced into those regions in quantities exceeding that occurring naturally. In addition, various components'of the natural environment in space and on the moon'(e.g., gases, dust, electric fields, and magnetic fields) will influence the construction and operation of space manufacturing facilities.: Potential environmental 'interactions are identified and some of the consequences are evaluated. (Author) A77-32063.. j^ Microwave energy transmission. W. C. Brown (Raythebh Co!, Waltham, Mass.). American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics and Princeton University, Conference on Space Manufacturing Facilities, 3rd, Princeton, N.J., May 9-12, 1977, AIAA Paper 77-540. 9 p. 16 refs. The basic .features and characteristics of free-space power transmission by microwave beam and how they relate to applications in aerospace are reviewed. Special attention is given to how the technology can be better comprehended and confidence developed in its application to the satellite solar power station (SSPS) by 'learning curves' that are generated by sending increasing amounts of power over increasing distances by microwaves and which may have highly-visible and instructive intermediate benefits. The 'learning curves' are based upon an earth-based transmitter which is first used to supply power to an airborne vehicle, then enlarged to perform experiments upon the ionosphere, and enlarged again to transmit large amounts of'power'at useful power densities to synchronous orbit: • • (Author) A77-32065 ff Fabrication and assembly of large composite structures in space. F. F. W. Krohn and D. L. Browning (General Dynamics Corp., Convair Div., San Diego, Calif.). American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics and Princeton University, Con- ference on Space Manufacturing Facilities, 3rd, Princeton, N.J., May 9-12, 1977, AIAA Paper 77-543. 9 p. Future space programs will require structural systems two to three orders of magnitude larger than present systems. A method is presented for on-orbit fabrication of space structures from con- tinuous graphite/thermoplastic composite strip. The material is preconsolidated in the desired lamination orientation/thickness and compactly stored on reels for boost. On-orbit it is heated, formed into useful structural cross sections, and cooled,-in a continuous' process called 'rolltrusion'. This process is integrated with element assembly/joining operations in a beam fabricator capable of building up to 28 kilometers of uninterrupted beam from Shuttle-compatible material reels. A conceptual approach to construction of a photo- voltaic solar-power satellite is also presented, and the status of current technology development is reviewed. (Author) A77-32069 ;/ Assessment of satellite power stations. R. A. Summers, H. R. Blieden (ERDA, Washington, D.C.), and C. E. Bloomquist (Planning Research Corp., Los Angeles, Calif.). American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics and Princeton University, Conference on Space Manufacturing Facilities, 3rd, Princeton, N.J., May 9-12, 1977, AIAA Paper 77-552. 9 p. The paper reviews the satellite power station (SPS) concept. Most terrestrial solar electric power generation systems, unless provided with large storage capability, lack baseload capability which is -essentially the ability to provide continuous operation. SPS, however; offers the possibility of significant solar-powered baseload without major meteorological, geographical, or diurnal constraints, or- significant storage requirements. A SPS in geostationary orbit would convert solar energy to microwave energy for transmission to earth where it is transformed into electricity. The seven major components of a photovoltaic satellite power station are: geo- stationary orbit, photovoltaic conversion,.microwave transmission to ground station (rectenna), utility interface, transportation system (launch vehicle, tug), ground complex, and orbital facilities (manned). As part of an analysis of the current status of the SPS, systems definition and space related technology are described; health, safety, and environmental impacts considered; and socio- economic implications discussed. M.L. A77-32086 # Influence of the intended use of an aircraft on the optimal parameters of gas-turbine power plants (Vliianie tselevogo naznacheniia letatel'nykh apparatov na optimal'nye pa- rametry silovykh ustanovok s GTD). V. G. Maslov, S. K. Bochkarev, and V. S. Kuzmichev. Aviatsionnaia Tekhnika, vol. 19, no. 4, 1976, p: 68-74. 6 refs. In Russian. • 1 The dependence of accepted criteria for evaluating the engine/ aircraft system on the gas-turbine engine parameters is examined. Equations relating the weight, cost-effectiveness, and air technical criteria to the specific weight and specific fuel consumption-;of gas-turbine engines are derived, along with equations interrelating the optimal engine parameters for various evaluation criteria and.various flight ranges. ' . V.P. A77-32116 #-t Theory of the Schottky barrier solar cell. P. T. Landsberg and C. Klimpke (Southampton, University, Southampton, England). Royal Society (London), Proceedings, Series A, vol. 354, no. 1676, Apr. 21, 1977, p. 101-118. 24 refs.'Research supported by the Science Research Council and NATO. A model of Schottky barrier solar cells with an interfacial layer is described which takes into account more accurately than has been done so far the dependence of barrier height on the interfacial density of states (Ds) and consequently the various potential drops in the cell. This improvement tends to yield higher predicted ef- ficiencies for low values of Ds. Also taken into account is the recombination traffic through the interfacial states. This effect is important at high values of Ds when it lowers the predicted efficiency. Recombination in the transition and bulk regions is also considered, but this does not have a very marked effect. Numerical results are given for a Au-Si02-Si contact. A new effect • the possible fanning out of the quasi-Fermi levels for the interfacial states - is also noted. (Author) A77-32169 Considerations on coal gasification (Einige Uberlegungen zur Kohlevergasung). J. E. Franzen (Krupp Koppers 'GmbH, Essen, West Germany). Technische Mitteilungen Krupp, Forschungsberichte, vol. 35, Jan. 1977, p. 83-94. 16 refs. In German. 266 A77-32247 Commercial processes for gasification of coal with oxygen are discussed. The Koppers-Totzek process of gasification of coal dust gasification, in which fine dust-like fuel particles are carried.through the gasification chamber in the flow of the gasification medium, is described. The outlook for future application of coal gasification is discussed. P.T.H. A77-32208 High level concentration of sunlight on silicon solar cells. L. S. Napoli, G. A. Swarti, S. G. Liu, N. Klein, D. Fairbanks, and D. Tamutus (RCA Laboratories, Princeton, N.J.). RCA Review, vol. 38, Mar. 1977, p. 76-108. Srefs. ERDA Contract No. 02-7996. Silicon solar cells have achieved 15.5% conversion efficiency at 330 suns concentration level. Design rules regarding the fabrication and use of these solar cells at high concentration levels are derived. Finally, a system consisting of lens arrays and solar cells designed to .generate 100 watts, is described in detail. Preliminary data shows that the system efficiency is 8.3% during conditions of 74 mW/sq cm insolation level. (Author) A77-32209 Industry can save energy without stunting its growth. T. Alexander. Fortune, vol. 95, May 1977, p. 186-189 (4 ff.). - - \ ' . • Co-generation of electric power and other forms of energy needed in industry by the same, power package, coalescence of 'energy centers,' efficiency concepts based on the 2nd law of thermodynamics and not'just the 1st law, and other approaches to saving energy in industry at both the energy-production stage and the energy-use stage are surveyed in a broad study of ways to approach an energy-efficient society. Energy demand could be leveled off by the .turn of the century, with zero energy growth combined with expansion of capital, in energy;efficient equipment and processes, and industry:,generating .(or reusing more .efficiently). an ;appreciable fraction of its own energy.needs. Examples of-equipment and.process redesign, elimination of ..heat/cool., and 'wet/dry, cycles, simple housekeeping measures, and cascading processes paying, serious attention to the 2nd law,of;thermodynamics are described. R.D.V. A77-32211 • ' Hydrbdyriamic basis of wave-energy converters of channel form. M.:'j. French (Lancaster',' University, Lancaster, England). Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science, vol. 19, Apr. 1977, p. 90-92. . The paper analyzes a problem of energy extraction from sea waves in which the vertical plane containing the motion is per- pendicular to the wave direction and the surfaces are in facing pairs defining channels down which the waves travel, being attenuated as they go. The analysis concerns an ideal case in which the absorbing walls are of unlimited depth, whereas in' the practical device they must be relatively shallow; the wall is the skin of a series of partially inflated air bags, formed by dividing a long tube by transverse septa. The very simple intuitive treatment in which the wave train is considered simply to be attenuated exponentially gives results which in practical -cases are1 very good approximations. A numerical example is provided, and defects pertinent to the analysis are identified. • ' . S.D. A77-32215 Solar sails (La voile solaire). A. Brahic. La Recherche, vol. 8, May 1977, p.'463-466. In French. Plans for an aluminum-coated plastic sail displaced by solar radiation pressure (NASA-funded study) arid the history of solar-sail concepts (Tsiolkovskii 1921) are recounted. Suitable sail materials (polyamides or polyesters with aluminum coat) and technological problems (stowage and folding, deployment and imparting rigidity in deployed mode, materials selection, piloting and maneuvering) are discussed. A space vehicle guided by,solar sail would be maneuver- able with no fuel requirement, even at great distances from the sun. Balancing solar radiation pressure against local gravitational fields is discussed. Use of such a vehicle as ferry in trips to Mercury, Jupiter, Saturn, or escaping from the solar system, and practicable payloads in ferry missions, are taken up. R.D.V. A77-32220 8 Role of the i.uclear energy system in the total fuel-energy picture in the USSR (Rol' iadernoenergeticheskoi sistemy v toplivo-energeticheskom komplekse SSSR). N. A. Dollezhal' and L. A. Melent'ev. Akademiia Nauk SSSR, Vestnik, no. 1, 1977, p. 87-99. In Russian. The increasing importance of developing new nuclear power stations in the Soviet Union is discussed. The different geographical regions of the country are examined with respect to their need for nuclear energy and with respect to projected capital expenditures. • P.T.H. A77-32243 * if Synchronization of the ERDA-NASA 100 kW wind turbine generator with large utility networks. H. H. Hwang (Hawaii, University, Honolulu, Hawaii) and L. J. Gilbert (NASA, Lewis Research Center, Cleveland, Ohio). Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Control of Power Systems Conference and Exposition, College Station, Tex., Mar. 14-16, 1977, Paper. 16 p. 5 refs. Research supported by the Hawaiian Natural Energy Institute and NASA. • The synchronizing of a wind turbine generator against an infinite bus under random conditions is studied for the first time. With a digital computer, complete solutions for rotor speed, generator power angle, electromagnetic torque, wind turbine torque, wind turbine blade pitch angle, and armature current are obtained and^presented by graphs. Experiments have been recently performed on the :ERDA-NASA 100 kW wind turbine. Experimental results matched computer study results very closely and confirmed that the synchronization can be accomplished by means of the existing speed control system and an automatic synchronizer. (Author) A77-32244 : . Use of Landsat data for the -detection .of marine oil slicks. M. Deutsch (U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Va.), A.' E. Strong (NOAA, Rockville, Md.), and J. E. Estes (California, University, Santa Barbara, Calif.). American Institute of Mining', Metallurgical and Petroleum Engineers, Offshore 'Technology Con- ference, Houston, Tex., May 2-5, 1977, Paper. 8 p. 8 refs. The capability of Landsat to detect some oil siicks in marine waters has been verified. Reflectance anomalies associated with the slicks have been detected visually on film data, by photo-optical enhancement techniques and by computer processing. Applications of Landsat oil slick data include environmental monitoring of coastal waters and detection of natural seeps such as in the Santa Barbara Channel, which may serve as a worldwide exploration aid. (Author) A77-32247 Petrochemical basic products from coal. - Production of basic and intermediate products for the chemical industry according to the Fischer-Tropsch process (Petrochemische Grundprodukte aus Kohle - Erzeugung von Grund- und Zwischen- produkten fur die chemische Industrie nach den Fischer-Tropsch- Verfahren). R. Kiihn and M. Elstner (Union Rheinische Braunkohlen- kraftstoff'AG, Wess'eling, West Germany). Erdol und Kohle Erdgas Pe'trochemie Vereinigt mit Brennstoff-Chemie, vol. 30, Mar. 1977, p. 117-122:'in German. ..' • . • ' • • • A summary is .presented of the most'important results which were obtained in a government-sponsored study conducted in West Germany concerning the possibilities for an economical production of basic and intermediate petrochemical products on the basis of Fischer-Tropsch syntheses utilizing domestic coal. The study was' concluded in June 1976. A Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, as considered in the study, is a catalytic carbon monoxide hydration which provides as products, in addition to mixtures of paraffins and olefins, also oxygen-containing compounds. The syntheses considered in-' 267 A77-32248 elude processes in the gaseous and the liquid phase. Attention is given to the processing of the primary products, the primary products obtained in 12 selected processes, and questions related to the economics of the selected processes. It is concluded that on the basis of the costs and the present value of the obtained products the use of the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis is currently not economical in Europe. Factors which can lead to changes in this situation are examined. G.R. A77-32248 Molecular synthesis in the case of the Fischer- Tropsch synthesis - Reaction steps of the molecular synthesis by means of the catalytic transformation of carbon monoxide and hydrogen (Molekulaufbau bei der FT-Synthese - Reaktionsschritte des Molektilaufbaus durch katalytische Umsetzung von Kohlenoxid und Wasserstoff). H. Schulz (Karlsruhe, Universitat, Karlsruhe, West Germany). Erdol und Kohle Erdgas Petrochemie Vereinigt mit Brennstoff-Chemie, vol. 30, Mar. 1977, p. 123-131. 31 refs. In German. The pressure-temperature operational ranges of the synthesis catalysts are considered along with aspects concerning the selectivity of the transformations, questions of process thermodynamics, the formation of CH2-chains, the transfer of hydrogen, and desorption and hydrogen solution reaction steps. Attention is given to chain length, the synthesis products, the formation of branched molecular structures, olefins, oxygen compounds, and the formation of acids, esters, and ketones. G.R. A77-32249 Synthesis of substitute natural gas on the basis of coal (Synthese von Erdgas-Austauschgas auf Basis Kohle). H. Hammer (Rheinisch-Westfalische Technische Hochschule, Aachen, West Germany). Erdol und Kohle Erdgas Petrochemie Vereinigt mit Brennstoff-Chemie, vol. 30, Mar. 1977, p. 132-136. 21 refs. In German! The present state of development of processes for producing substitute natural gas (SNG) based on coal or lignite is discussed. The historical, and theoretical (thermodynamics, kinetics and reaction mechanism) background of the direct hydrogenating gasification of coal as well as that of heterogeneous catalytic methanation of carbon monoxide is reviewed. Processes currently being developed specially in the U.S., UK and West Germany are examined. Since the high production costs for SNG presently amounts to about 2 to 3 times the price for natural gas, one hesitates to take up the production of SNG in spite of the shortage of natural gas in the United States. (Author) A77-32251 // Future propulsion plants. I (Triebwerke der Zukunft. I). W. Heilmann (Motoren- und Turbinen-Union Miinchen GmbH, Munich, West Germany). Plug Revue/Flugwelt International, May 1977, p. 46, 49-51. In German. New technologies and improvements in existing technologies for the power plants of winged aircraft, and RPV are surveyed. Requirements for propulsion plants (lower fuel consumption, higher specific thrust, lower weight), special requirements for RPV propul- sion (lower unit price, compactness), special requirements for military vehicles (reliability, broad flight envelope, dash power), and requirements for civilian aircraft propulsion (low noise, long life, low emissions) and rotorcraft systems (high acceleration, low price, emergency power) are outlined. EB welding and friction welding technology, compressor design, turbine blade cooling, and handling of hot-gas streams are discussed. R.D.V. A77-32313 // Investigation of a coaxial explosion-type MHD generator (Issledovanie koaksial'nogo MGD-generatora vzryvnogo tipa). lu. A. Burenin and G. A. Shvetsov (Akademiia Nauk SSSR, Institut Gidrodinamiki, Novosibirsk, USSR). Fizika Goreniia i Vzryva, vol. 13, Jan.-Feb. 1977, p. 130-132. In Russian. Trie paper presents a numerical investigation of the energetic characteristics of the three modes of operation of a coaxial explosion-type MHD generator. Ranges of initial parameters are determined for obtaining conversion efficiencies of energy of a moving piston to electromagnetic energy, close to one. BJ. A77-32375 $ Thermally induced migration of hydrocarbon oil. A. A. Fote, R. A. Slade, and S. Feuerstein (Aerospace Corp., El Segundo, Calif.). ASME, Transactions, Series F - Journal of Lubrica- tion Technology, vol. 99, Apr. 1977, p. 158-162. 9 refs. Contract No. F04701-75-C-0076. An investigation of the surface migration of thin films of hydrocarbon oil on metal substrates has been undertaken to determine the effect of temperature gradients on the distribution of lubricants in spacecraft mechanical assemblies. The results of experiments performed in air were discussed earlier. We now discuss the results of experiments performed under vacuum. The important role played by surface finishes is demonstrated. Mathematical models of these results are developed. (Author) A77-32401 Cooling with solar energy (Kuhlen mit Sonnen- energie). K. Schubert and J. Dreyer. Dornier-Post, no. 1, 1977, p. 9-11. In German. Advantages of an absorption cooling system based on the use of solar energy are partly related to the fact that no long-term storage facilities are needed because the amount of solar energy supplied on a temporal basis corresponds approximately to the energy required for cooling. Other advantages are connected with decentralized application possibilities, the employment of reliable technologies, and high operational efficiency. System components and operational processes are considered and a description is given of a demonstra- tion project involving the construction of a cooling installation, based on solar energy, by West German companies. G.R. A77-32402 Novel development for economic solar-energy utilization (Neuartige Entwicklung fur wirtschaftliche Solarenergie- Nutzung). W. Scherber. Dornier-Post, no. 1, 1977, p. 12-14. In German. Thermal losses related to the radiation emitted by the surfaces of solar energy collectors can be avoided with the aid of selectively absorbing surfaces. The considered surfaces have excellent absorption characteristics for solar radiation and emit very little thermal radiation. The selective absorption properties are obtained with the aid of special surface layers. The advantages of selective absorbers for applications in the low-temperature range up to 150 C and for the generation of heat at temperatures in the range from 300 to 500 C are discussed. Attention is also given to the physical principles of operation and problems concerning the practical implementation of the involved principles. G.R. A77-32403 A solar generator ISolargenerator). J. Dreyer and H. Gehrke. Dornier-Post, no. 1, 1977, p. 15, 16. In German. A short-term and intermediate-term solution concerning the decentralized supply of the population in developing countries with electric power can be provided by an approach based on the utilization of regenerative energy sources such as wind or solar energy. A description is presented of a project of West German companies related to the development of a 10-kW solar generator which utilizes for the operation of a turbine, low-temperature heat in the range from 90 to 140 C obtained directly from a solar energy collector or from a thermal storage tank. G.R. 268 A77-32521 A77-32404 Hydrogen production with HOT ELLY (Wasserstofferzeugung mit HOT ELLY). W. Donitz. Dornier-Post, no. 1. 1977. p. 17-19. In German. A West German company develops currently the basic design principles for a new energetically advantageous process for the decomposition of water with the aid of a high-temperature gaseous phase electrolysis (HOT ELLY). The theoretical efficiency of the considered process for hydrogen production is as high as 50%. A solid electrolyte consisting of stabilized Zr02 ceramic materials is used. An electrolysis at about 1000 C with or without high- temperature reactors is considered. G.R. A77-32432 Electric power fluctuations in a MHO genera- tor. M. L. Mittal and G. H. Masapati (Indian Institute of Technology. Bombay, India). Letters in Applied and Engineering Sciences, vol. 5, Apr. 1977, p. 141-153. 7 refs. Research sponsored by the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research of India. In this analysis, the fluctuations produced in the electric power output of a MHD generator due to the Hall and the ion slip currents and pressure disturbances have been investigated. The problem has been solved analytically. It is found that the Hall and the ions slip currents produce fluctuations during the transient time, the pressure disturbances produce permanent fluctuations. The variation of power output for various parameters has been computed and shown graphically. .. (Author) A77-32440 Space: A resource for earth - An AIAA review. Edited by J. Grey (American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronau- tics, Inc., New York, N.Y.), P. Downey (Boeing Aerospace Co., Seattle, Wash.), and B. Davis (Battelle Columbus Laboratories, Columbus, Ohio). New York, American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Inc., 1977..73 p. $8.50. - The present review identifies and documents the many applica- tions of space systems that have improved the quality of human life on earth. It provides a sourcebook of information on the technical elements, histories, uses, and impacts of communication ,satellite systems, navigation satellite systems, land-observation systems, satel- lites designed for sea and maritime observations, meteorological and other atmospheric-observation satellites, as well as on the future potential of space processing, life-science programs in space, and space-based solar power. Specific satellites and space systems discussed include Echo • I, Syncom, ATS, Intelsat/Comsat, the Defense Satellite Communication Systems, Aerosat, Marisat, Transit I, the Navstar/GPS system, the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program, Skylab, the Landsat system, GEOS-3, Seasat, Tiros, Nimbus, ITOS, SMS, GOES, the space shuttle, and Spacelab. Detailed attention is given to the utilization and benefits of each system, Landsat results, meteorological observations, various space- processing experiments, and proposed designs for space-based solar power plants: F.G.M. A77-32470 Solar electric power generating stations in space - XXI century energy or a Utopia (Les centrales electriques solaires dans I'espace - Energie du XXIe siecle ou utopie). M. Claverie. L'Aeronautique et I'Astronautique, no. 63, 1977, p. 3-14. 8 refs. In French. The history and present status of projections on building solar power stations on the earth's surface and in orbit (with transmission of power by microwaves to earth) are surveyed. Storage and energy conversion, arrangements with a central collector or with distributed collectors, the outlook for cutting solar photovoltaic cell costs, and available solar energy for collection are discussed, and the photo- voltaic approach and direct thermal conversion approach are com- pared. Parameters and limitations of an in-orbit station and a ground-level station (mid-Mediterranean) are compared. Attention is drawn to the major unknowns of an in-orbit solar power station: antenna array performance, incoherence of a very large wavefront, in-orbit construction, ecological effects, biological effects, EM interference. R.D.V. A77-32506 H Thermodynamic analysis of the formation of the oxides of nitrogen and sulfur in fuel combustion products (Termodinamicheskii analiz obrazovaniia okislov azota i sery v produktakh sgoraniia topliv). E. V. Samuilov, I. 6. Rozhdestvenskii, N. N. Tsitelauri, V. N. Gutov, and K. K. Olevinskii (Gosudarstvennyi Nauchno-lssledovatel'skii Energeticheskii Institut, Moscow, USSR). Teplofizika Vysokikh Temperatur, vol. 15, Jan.-Feb. 1977, p. 35-41. 11 refs. In Russian. The paper presents results of the calculation of the equilibrium concentrations of the oxides of nitrogen and sulfur in the com- bustion products of different fuels: coals, petroleum residues, and fuel gases. The influence of different oxidizers - air, enriched air, and oxygen - on the oxide content is studied, and it is shown that this content is strongly dependent on oxidizer content, temperature, pressure, and type of fuel. 3.J. A77-32518 ;/ Cathode spots on metallic electrodes of an MHD-channel (Katodnye piatna na metallicheskikh elektrodakh v ustoviiakh kanala MGD-generatora). I. I. Beilis, V. I. Zalkind, and A. S. Tikhotskii (Akademiia, Nauk SSSR, Nauchno-lssledovatel'skii Institut Vysokikh Temperatur, Moscow. USSR). Teplofizika Vyso- kikh Temperatur, vol. 15, Jan.-Feb. 1977, p. 158-163. 16 refs. In Russian. Arc-discharge processes at MHD-channel electrodes are analyzed on the basis of experimental data. A theoretical description of such discharges is obtained, according to which spots burn by evaporation of a previously deposited impurity film, while the spot temperature is defined by the cathode's heat conductivity. . V.P. A77-32519 il Experimental study of accelerating MHD- generator jets with supersonic flow distortion (Eksperimental'noe issledovanie razgonnykh sopel MGD-generatorov s deformatsiei sverkhzvukovogo potoka). N. M. Efremqv, B. A. Tikhonov, and V. A. Khalkevich (Akademiia Nauk SSSR, Institut Atomnoi Energii, Moscow, USSR). Teplofizika Vysokikh Temperatur, vol. 15, Jan.- Feb. 1977, p. 164-167. In Russian. A77-32520 ff Influence of flow nonuniformity on plasma instability at the channel wall (Vliianie neodnorodnosti techeniia na neustoichivost' plazmy vblizi stenki kanala). V. P. Meitlis (Akademiia Nauk SSSR, Nauchno-lssledovatel'skii Institut Vysokikh Tempera- tur, Moscow, USSR). Teplofizika Vysokikh Temperatur, vol. 15, Jan.-Feb. 1977, p. 168-171. 5 refs. In Russian. The stability of plasma flows along electrodeless MHD-channel walls is analyzed. The influence of nonuniform plasma motion on the development of oscillations is examined. The conditions for the onset of several types of instability are formulated. V.P. A77-32521 H Processing of experimental data with the U-25 facility with the aid of a data measuring system (Obrabotka rezul'tatov eksperimentov na ustanovke U-25 s pomoshch'iu infor- matsionno-izmeritel'noi sistemy). A. D. Iserov, V. I. Kalinin, L. L. Kirsanov, V. E. Lukash, G. P. Maliuzhonok, E. I. Novikov, A. V. Orlov, L. P. Poberezhskii, and V. la. Shemiakin (Akademiia Nauk SSSR, Nauchno-lssledovatel'skii Institut Vysokikh Temperatur, Moscow, USSR). Teplofizika Vysokikh Temperatur, vol. 15, Jan.- Feb. 1977, p. 179-185. 7 refs. In Russian. Some aspects of the application of a data measuring system to the planning of experiments, using the power-generating MHD facility, U-25; are examined. Some problems involved in the processing of data obtained with this system are discussed. V.P. 269 A77-32591 A77-32591 Production of electricity through thermo- dynamic conversion of solar energy - 10 MWe project. J.-L. Abatut (CNRS, Laboratoire d'Automatique et d'Analyse des Systemes, Toulouse, France). Revue de I'Energie, vol. 28, Apr. 1977, p. 230-238. In English and French. The design of a French solar energy plant planned for construction in 1982 is described. A large number of 7m x 7m heliostats (motor-driven mirrors) will be arranged on the ground so as to concentrate and reflect the sun's image. A boiler, placed on top of a 100 to 200-meter high tower, will receive the solar flux concentrated by the bank of heliostats. Parameters for optimizing tower design are discussed. The heliostats' reflecting material, support structure, drive mechanism, and servos for alignment are described. A prototype is scheduled to be put into service in 1980. M.L. A77-32592 Energy from bio-conversion for developing countries. J. K. Parikh (International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, Laxenburg, Austria). Revue de I'Energie, vol. 28, Apr. 1977, p. 239-251. 14 refs. In English and French. Large- and small-scale organic waste anaerobic fermentation systems used in developing countries are described. These systems generate .a gas which is 60% methane. The leftover sludge, which retains nitrogen compounds, is used as fertilizer. A bio-gas plant used in India has two main parts, a digester and a gas holder. Data concerning the amount of dung consumed and the amount and the quality of gas produced are provided. Characteristics of Indian communities are described and the economic impact of single-family bio-gas plants is analyzed. M;L. A77-32593 Thermochemical production of hydrogen Myth or reality. G. Donat, B. Esteve, and J.-P. Roncato (Gaz de France, Direction des Etudes et Techniques Nouvelles, Paris, France). Revue de I'Energie, vol. 28, Apr. 1977, p. 252-268. 9 refs. In English and French. A computer approach to discovering economically attractive thermochemical cycles for producing hydrogen from water is described. A thermochemical system would do away with prior production of electricity (required by electrolytic processes, for generating hydrogen) by making direct use of heat through a series of chemical reactions which consume only water on an overall basis, since all compounds other than hydrogen and oxygen are reformed by the time the cycle repeats itself. A thermochemical cycle is similar to a heat engine which produces a certain amount of potential work in the form of oxygen and hydrogen. The computer search used the variation of the free enthalpy function G rather than the enthalpy function H and analyzes irreversible processes. No thermochemical cycle competitive with electrolytic techniques was discovered. Although hybrid cycles which involve the use of some external electricity have not been fully analyzed, French future research will focus on electrolytic techniques for generating hydrogen. M.L. A77-32597 tl Vapor-phase fabrication of massive structures in space. H. K. Henson (Analog Precision, Inc., Tucson, Ariz.) and K. E. Drexler (MIT, Cambridge, Mass.). American Institute of Aero- nautics arid Astronautics and Princeton University, Conference on Space Manufacturing Facilities, 3rd, Princeton, N.J., May 9-12, 1977, AIAA Paper 77-542. 7 p. 18 refs. . Vapor deposition.may be an economical approach to processing and fabricating metals (especialiy aluminum) in space. This method, which uses to advantage the sunlight, vacuum, and zero gravity conditions of space, is found to have advantages when considered from metallurgical, physical and cost viewpoints. A design for a large scale (250 ton) solar powered deposition apparatus with a through- put rate of 10 kg/second and the associated'physical and chemical material problems are described in detail. Strength and fracture mechanics considerations may favor silica fiber reinforcement of seamless aluminum pressure vessels vapor deposited on inflated forms for space habitats. (Author) A77-32601 Inhibited ethylene glycol as the solar nexus. E. Beynon (Union Carbide Tarrytown Technical Center, Tarrytown, N.Y.). National Association of Corrosion Engineers, International Corrosion Forum Devoted Exclusively to the Protection and Perfor- mance of Materials, San Francisco, Calif., Mar. 14-18, 1977, Paper. 9 p. 15 refs. Well-inhibited ethylene glycol base fluids (ethylene glycol with anti-corrosion additives) are considered quite capable of protecting flat plate solar collector systems from corrosion. Current formula- tions are designed for multimetal systems, but as solar systems become more standardized, it is possible that the mix of inhibitor additives can be optimized for a given combination of metals. Factors accelerating corrosion in a solar energy system include the presence of galvanic couples, crevices', aeration, corrosion products, metal stresses, localized hot spots, high heat transfer fluid tempera- tures, poor quality water, and fluid flow rates which, if high, produce erosion-corrosion, and if low, can increase crevice attack because of differential cells. . M . L . A77-32602 Corrosion prevention,in aluminum.solar sys- tems. J. M. Popplewell. National Association of Corrosion Engineers, International Corrosion Forum Devoted Exclusively to the .Protec- tion and Performance of Materials, San Francisco, Calif., Mar. 14-18, 1977. Paper. 18 p. 6 refs. . . , Corrosion problems with aluminum flat, plate, collectors in multimetal solar systems are examined. Corrosion of internal surfaces is discussed in terms of galvanic attack, pitting corrosion, erosion corrosion, crevice corrosion and other forms of corrosion. Attention is given to prevention of corrosion using a variety of approaches. These include 'gettering' of heavy metal ions and the use of nonaqueous heat transfer fluids. Guidelines to avoid aluminum corrosion are provided. • • n S.D. A77-32603 Corrosion problems' in solar energy systems. P. D. Thompson and M. B. Hayden (U.S. Department of Agriculture, Genetics and Management Laboratory, Beitsville, Md.). National Association of Corrosion Engineers, Internationa/ Corrosion Forum Devoted Exclusively to the Protection and Performance of Materials, San Francisco, Calif., Mar. 14-18, 1977, Paper. 6 p. 5 refs. Solar heat collection is expected to gain wide recognition only if the operating life of a solar heating system can be long enough to repay the cost of the initial investment. Corrosion problems typical of solar heating'systems are discussed. The most pressing problem in solar heating system design is control of corrosion .in aluminum absorbers. Any extremes of pH, dissolved-heavy metal or chloride ions in the water, 'hard' water, and dissolved oxygen increase the risk of corrosion in aluminum absorbers. Another problem is the difficulty of building single-metal systems. Plastic components such as-fiber glass or CPVC pipe can be used to some extent but their procurement in a full range of sizes and configurations is difficult. General approaches to corrosion protection in solar heating systems are discussed, with special emphasis on water treatment as the best protective measure. Toxic corrosion inhibitors should be avoided since they must be discharged when the system is emptied. • S.D. A77-32604 Oxidation-erosion of materials in high velocity hot gases. J. A. Goebel, D. R. Spriggs, R. H. Barkalow, and F. S. Pettit (United Technologies Corp.. Pratt and Whitney Aircraft Group, Middletown, Conn.). National Association of Corrosion Engineers, International Corrosion Forum Devoted Exclusively to the Protection and Performance of-Materials, San Francisco, Calif., Mar. 14-18, 1977, Paper. -16 p. 9 rets. Research supported by the Electric Power Research Institute. 270 A77-33114 Results are presented regarding the interaction between erosion and oxidation of materials in a study program intended to characterize the behavior of state-of-the-art industrial turbine mate- rials in a laboratory combustor test rig under carefully controlled conditions designed to simultaneously induce both erosion and corrosion effects at temperatures and gas velocities typical of gas turbines. Baseline oxidation behavior of the oxidation-erosion test materials was., evaluated at 1600 F by testing in the ducted rig without ingestion of abrasive particles. A major conclusion is that the interaction between the oxidation and erosion process is taking Place, the oxidation products being most effective in modifying substrate erosion at low angles of paniculate impact. S.D. A77-32608 Laboratory investigation of high temperature alloy failure mechanisms. L. H. Wolfe (Continental Oil Co., Ponca City, Okla.). National Association of Corrosion Engineers, Interna- tional Corrosion Forum Devoted Exclusively to the Protection and Performance of Materials, San Francisco, Calif., Mar. 14-18, 1977, Paper. 13 p. Failure analyses of high-temperature materials from ethylene plants reveal that high-temperature outlet systems of furnaces should have gradual changes of section size with welds removed from high-stress areas. In particular, silicon of about 2 wt% can greatly reduce'the carburization rate of austenitic alloys in wet ethane but has considerably less effect in dry ethane. Metal dusting can take place fairly rapidly in a variety of alloys with a nonidentical mechanism. Aluminized surfaces on austenitic alloys can resist sulfur attack and oxidation but hot at the very high temperatures available in coal gasifiers. Also discussed is high-temperature hydrogen permeation in stainless steels. S.D. A77-32799 Energy in competition (Energie im Wett- bewerb). Energie, vol. 29, Mar. 1977, p. 46-48. In German. The relationship between expanding production, relief of unemployment, and expanded energy production and consumption is outlined, and effects of a continuing moratorium on building of nuclear power plants on the West German economy are assessed. Costs of coal-derived and nuclear-derived large-scale power are compared. An energy gap of some 13,000 MW is forecast for 1985, and 30,000 MW for 1990, as extrapolated from the current situation and current policies. Supplementary power from nuclear energy is argued for as indispensable. New modernized coal-fired plants are discussed as more efficient, more economical, and ecologically superior. ' ' ' R.D.V. The promise of isotope ecology is seen to be substantiated by the' abundance of various isotopes, revealed by combined solar studies, in various parts of our environment, and by the fact that the isotopes provide information on solar activity. The present paper deals briefly with the following problems: the interrelationship between processes occurring in the interior and at the surface of the sun; the application of combined studies to the investigation of the various components of solar radiation; and methods of extracting information on solar activity from ambient isotopes. V.P! A77-32954 Distribution of some hydrocarbons in ambient air near Delft and the influence on the formation of secondary air pollutants. R. ,Bos, R. Guicherit, and A. Hoogeveen. (Central Organization for Applied Scientific Research in the Netherlands, Research Institute for Environmental Hygiene TNO, Delft, Nether- lands). Science of the Total Environment, vol. 7, May 1977, p. 269-281. 1 1 refs. • • - • . - . ; , - • . . - , The relative concentrations of hydrocarbons in the atmosphere may provide information concerning their origin: It appears that»the hydrocarbon composition measured in Delft (The Netherlands) is entirely different for northern and southern wind directions. This points to different sources. The most important sources'for this area are natural gas leaks, traffic, and (petrochemical) -industries." It appears that-the relative potential of the precursor mix to form peroxyacetylnitrate (PAN I and ozone is also different for both wind directions. . • - - • - . . . , (Author) A77-32973 ~ Fabrication of solar energy concentrators based on polyurethane foams using new polyol and isocyanate compounds (Izgotovlenie kontsentratorov solnechnoi 'anergii na osnove penopoliuretanov s primeneniem novykh poliol'nykh i izotsianatnykh komponentov). B. A. Kalinin and B. A. .Bazarov (Akademiia Nauk Turkmenskoi SSR, Fiziko-Tekhnicheskii'Institut, Ashkhabad, Turkmen SSR). Akademiia Nauk Turkmenskoi SS/?,-, Izyestiia,. Seriia Fiziko-Tekhnicheskikh, Khimicheskikh i .Geologi- cheskikh Nauk, no. 6, 1976, p. 41-47. 12 refs.- In Russian. The paper considers the production of a new rigid polyurethane foam .to be-used as a construction material for solar concentrators. The foam is prepared from a complex polyether, dicarbbxylic acid mixtures, and an isocyanate compound - diurethane diethylene glycol. . . -. B.-J.- A77-32800 Operating experience with the combined unit of the Ill/A central heating power plant of the Duisburg AG municipal utility (Betriebserfahrungen mil dem Kombiblock des Heizkraftwerkes Ill/A der Stadtwerke Duisburg AG). W. Wein, L. Stauch, F.-W. Meier, and K.-H:' Budzynski. Energie, vol. 29, Mar. 1977, p. 64-71. In German. The performance of major components of the Duisburg AG central heating plant Ill/A is described. Data are provided on the gas turbine, 140 MW steam turbine, boiler plant, and waste-gas handling facilities. A flowsheet for heat circulation is provided. The perfor- mance of valves, piping, fasteners, packing, limit switches, steam generating unit, and overvoltage protection gear is discussed. Damage incurred in abrupt temperature changes, system outages, and oversensitivity of some transducers to heat are discussed. Perfor- mance of the Iskamatic B process control and interlocking system is described. . R.D.V. A77-33113 ' Solar'technology: Solar energy in practical application /3rd revised and enlarged edition/ (Heliotechnik: Sonnenenergie in praktisch'er Anvyendung /3rd revised and enlarged edition/). H. Rau. Munich, Udo Pfriemer Verlag GmbH, 1976. 239 p.' 92 refs. In German. $15.60. . The book provides an overview of the vast range of applications to which solar energy has been put throughout the world. The solar programs of different countries are reviewed, and the basic design and operation of a number of actual engineering realizations are described; including solar'stills for desalinization, room heating, sun houses, solar-driven air conditioning with heat pumps, solar cookers, solar melting ovens, solar cells and batteries, and solar motors. Future projects for solar technology are also discussed, including'a central solar power station, solar mirror in earth orbit, exploitation of ocean thermal gradients, and magnetohydrodynamic generators" driven by solar heat. -P.T.H. A77-32868 # Combined studies of the sun and isotope ecology (Kompleksnoe izuchenie solntsa i izotopnaia ekologiia). G. E. Kocharov (Akademiia Nauk SSSR, Fiziko-Tekhnicheskii Institut, Leningrad, USSR). (Mezhdunarodnyi Seminar po Aktivnym Protses- sam na .Solntse i Probleme Solnechnykh Neitrinp, 8th, Leningrad, USSR, Sept. 25-27, 1976.) Akademiia Nauk SSSR, Izvestiia, Seriia Fizicheskaia, vol. 41, Feb. 1977, p. 415-421. 5 refs. In Russian. A77-33114 Wind energy in practical use: Wheels, rotors, mills, wind power plants (Windenergie in praktischer Nutzung: Ra'der, Rotoren, Miihlen, Windkraftiverke). F. von Konig. Munich, Udo Pfriemer Verlag GmbH, 1976. 182 p. 57 refs. In German: $15.60. . - . . ; . . • . • . . . . - , . - 271 A77-33124 A descriptive survey of the use of wind power and equipment for harnessing wind energy. Slightly less than half the text deals with the history of wind-power equipment, windmills in particular, and covers equipment for wind measurements, anemographs, wind wheels, and prayer wheels. More recent developments are described; Savonius rotor and other rotors, farmstead wind turbines, aeolian motors, new wind motors for generating electric power, large-scale wind tower projects, and wind engine parks. A separate chapter is devoted to the wind as an energy vehicle, and another chapter to economical exploitation of wind power. The text is generously illustrated throughout. R.D.V. A77-33124 The impact of the new energy technologies. G. L. Decker (Dow Chemical Co., Midland, Mich.). Mechanical En- gineering, vol. 99, May 1977, p. 24-27. 6 refs. Contributions of various forms of energy deemed commercially practicable by the end of the century are projected to meet an energy demand of 185 quads (quadrillions BTU). All contributing, sources are charted for comparison, with the brunt borne by: clean burning of coal, improved nuclear technology, coal liquefaction, coal gasification, and savings through some modes of conservation. Fusion and hydrogen technologies do not figure, being judged not com- mercially practicable by the turn of the century. Little contribution is expected from such novel sources as solar power, biomass combustion, geothermal energy, or breeder reactors. No one source is credited with more than 15% of the total coverage of energy needs by the year 2000. R.D.V. A77-33125 Whatever happened to the Wankel engine. F. Hirschfeld. Mechanical Engineering, vol. 99, May 1977, p. 28-31. Appearance on the market of the first true industrial rotary engine, a stratified-charge rotary engine manufactured by Ingersoll- Rand under license from Curtiss-Wright, is discussed, along with the . history and basics of the Wankel rotary engine. Problems with the cost of emissions control on the Wankel automotive rotary com- bustion engine used in the Toyo Kogo Mazda automobile, are . outlined. The new rotary engine is designed for driving a compressor in a gas pipeline system. R n w A77-33141 Energy from the oceans - Requirements and capabilities. A. F. Richards (Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pa.). In: Ocean resources utilization; Proceedings of the Winter Annual Meeting, New York, N.Y., December 5-10, 1976. Meeting sponsored by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers. New York, American Society of Mechanical Engineers (Ocean Engineering Symposia Series. OED Volume 3), 1976, p. 91-129. 131 refs. Eight methods, and a number of variants, of obtaining energy from the oceans are presented: ocean thermal, kelp bioconversion, ocean waves, tides and tidal currents, ocean winds, ocean currents, salinity gradients, and ocean geothermal. Each method is discussed in terms of concepts, geographic areas applicable, and development schedule and costs insofar as information is available. (Author) A77-33159 ft Combined utilization of nuclear and organic fuels (Pro kombihovarie vikoristannia atomnogo ta ogranichnogo paliva). V. G. Nosach and P. L. Evtushenko (Akademiia Nauk Ukrains'koi RSR, Institut Tekhnichnoi Teplofiziki, Kiev, Ukrainian SSR). Akademiia Nauk Ukrains'koi RSR, Dopovidi, Seriia A - Fiziko-Matematichni ta Tekhnichni Nauki, Feb. 1977, p. 177-179. In Ukrainian. . The paper considers the possibility of integrating a nuclear thermal power reactor into a steam gas plant. The nuclear reactor would be used to provide heat for the vapor phase conversion of methane into carbon monoxide and oxygen. Thermodynamic calcu- lations show that a 1.7-2 fold decrease in natural gas consumption in the steam-gas plant is possible due to utilization of nuclear-reactor heat. B.j. A77-33170 H Burnout of gaseous fuel in a tube combustion chamber with longitudinally ' distributed air supply (Vygoranie gazoobraznogo topliva v trubchatoi kamere sgoraniia s raspredelen- nym po dline podvodom vozdukha). V. I. Didenko, lu. A. Babenko, G. N. Liubchik, V. A. Khristich, and A. M. Shevchenko (Kievskii Politekhnicheskii Institut, Kiev, Ukrainian SSR). Energetika, vol. 20, Jan. 1977, p. 56-60. In Russian. A77-33174 # Formation of surf uric anhydryde and nitrogen oxides in boilers at variable operating modes (Obrazovanie sernogo angidrida i okislov azota v kotlakh pri peremennykh rezhimakh raboty). I. I. Strikha and A. S. Khomich (Gosudarstvennyi Nauchno- Issledovatel'skii Energeticheskii Institut, Belorussian SSR). Ener- • getika, vol. 20, Feb. 1977, p. 79-84. 9 refs. In Russian. The formation of S03 and nitrogen oxides in three steam generators (TP230, TP80, and TP87) during combustion of sulfur- containing black oil is investigated. -The results show that the * emission of toxic nitrogen oxides can be reduced by controlling such operational parameters as the load, the excess air; and secondary-air turbulence. A.Y. A77-33273 Jet fuel quality considerations. M. W. Shayeson (General Electric Co., Aircraft Engine Group, West Lynn, Mass.). Shell Aviation News, no. 440, 1977, p. 26-31. Two areas of fuel chemistry where fuel characteristics can conceivably exert an adverse effect on gas turbine jet engine performance, particularly in the long" term, are delineated: fuel combustion characteristics and thermal stability. It is noted that fuels containing relatively high concentrations of aromatic com- pounds (with low hydrogen/oxygen ratios) will tend to form more exhaust smoke, combustpr carbon deposits,, and flame radiation. Aromatics content, smoke point, and hydrogen content of some representative fuel blends are compared. Aircraft engine performance on denser fuels of higher aromatics content, appropriate fuel tests, and practical tests of hydrogen content are discussed. ' R.D.V. A77-33280 // Energy from wastes. I. J.'Miller (Department of Scientific and Industrial Research,-Chemistry Div., Petone, New Zealand). New Zealand Energy Journal, vol. 50, Mar. 25, 1977, p: 31-33. 1 4 refs. • . - - - . . . - • • The overall production of refuse in New Zealand is estimated to be about 3200 tons per day with a calorific value of approximately 11.6 GJ/t. Technical aspects of energy recovery and procedures for increasing the use of energy 'recovery systems are discussed.' Consideration is given to the recycling of energy-intensive materials,, the production of fuels,-and the direct production of energy (usually in the form of heat). M.L. A77-33283 Solid waste incineration and energy recovery in hospitals. L. T. Smith, R. A. Matula, and F.-K. Tsou (Urexel University, Philadelphia, Pa.). Journal of Environmental Systems, vol. 6, no. 4. 1976-1977, p. 303-320. 11 refs. NSF Grant No. GI-39566. Small-scale, on-site incineration is examined as one practical method for disposing of hospital solid waste. On-site incineration- energy recovery systems are reviewed and potential annual savings of conventional fuel costs are computed as a function of bed capacity and fuel costs. Potential savings in a 500 bed hospital, for example, are found to range from 19,000 to 57,000 dollars per year for a fuel price range of one to three dollars per million Btu. A market survey of 492 hospitals in Pennsylvania, New Jersey and Delaware indicates a strong potential interest in on-site incineration-energy recovery systems. Potential blockages, to the hospital market, such as paniculate emissions and auxiliary fuel requirements, are discussed. , . (Author) 272 A77-33328 A77-33299 Municipal solid waste recovery - A public or private risk. J. G. Abert (National Center for Resource Recovery, Inc., Washington, D.C.). Energy, vol. 2, Spring 1977, p. 24-26. The economic risks affecting public and private sponsors of solid waste recovery energy generating systems are discussed. Risk exists because the composition of the available waste might change; the technology might be inadequate, or be superseded;-or market conditions might vary. A municipality risks that a high capital outlay for a new recovery system will make their. community less competitive in the quest for funds from investors who are ac- customed to low rates and traditional systems, while private operators risk sudden changes in waste delivery by municipalities. Cooperation between public and private concerns that can reduce costs and risks is recommended and the differing benefits to public and private sponsors are analyzed. ' M.L. A77-33300 Methanol gasoline blends - Future automotive fuels. R. T. Johnson (Missouri^Rolla, University, Rolla, Mo.). Energy, vol. 2, Spring 1977, p. 27-29. . ' The characteristics of methanol/gasoline blends were determined by a number of tests. The Research Octane Number, RON, for blends increases with increased amounts of methanol while increased amounts of methanol have virtually no effect on the. Motor Octane Number, MON. A high octane ' rating means the fuel has good anti-knock properties. The use of a 10% methanol/gasoline blend in comparison with unleaded gasoline alone results in a lower carbon monoxide emission and nonsignificant changes in the emission of unburned hydrocarbon and oxides of nitrogen. The addition of 10% methanol to the fuel reduces the ability of a cold engine to accelerate or idle smoothly. This blend, however, did not adversely affect the driveability of a Compound Vortex Controlled Combustion engine. Some problems that would be associated with widescale use'of a 10% methanol/gasoline blend are: the driveability of some cars is severely reduced by the blend; contamination by a small amount of water can cause separation problems for the blend; and the presence of methanol would cause some corrosion problems. M.L. A77-33301 Energy from wood wastes. P. N. Cheremisinoff (New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, N.J.) and A. C. Mdrresi (Exxon Research and Engineering Co., Florham Park, N.J.). Environment, vol. 19, May 1977, p. 25-31. 6 refs. • . Recovery of salvageable raw materials and energy from large volumes of wood wastes produced in the lumber and paper/pulp industries, cost problems and disposal of wood wastes, and waste processing problems in producing useful combustible fuel are discussed, and wood waste-derived fuel is compared with industrial fuels used in steam generation. The Pacific Northwest Coast area (Oregon, Washington, British Columbia) figures in the discussion. Wood wastes can be derived mainly from processes (cuttings, chips, sawdust, wood and bark residues), but also from construction wood wastes, municipal solid wastes, driftwood, and wood damaged by pests, disease, and fire. Moisture content arid dry weight of some economically significant wood species are compared,' wood burning processes and process steps (evaporation of moisture, driving off volatile;,- combustion) are compared, and air pollution problems with high-sulfur low-heating-value wood wastes are considered.. R.D.V. A77-33302 . An Otto for the automobile. II. A. W. Reitze, Jr. (George Washington University, Washington, D.C.). Environment, vol. 19, May 1977, p. 32-42. 43 refs. Variants of internal-combustion and external-combustion e'ngines for propulsion of automotive vehicles are compared, and continued superiority in practice is reported for the traditional Otto engine, in a modified stratified-charge variant. Advantages and disadvantages of the stratified-charge Otto engine, Wankel rotary engine, Diesel engine, Brayton,gas-turbine engine, and Stirling engine in automotive applications are compared, in some detail. The divided-chamber and open-chamber variants of the stratified-charge Otto engine are compared; the divided chamber currently features better control of pollutant emissions, while the open chamber boasts superior fuel economy. The need for an oxidation catalyst to control emissions of hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide in the exhaust stream is acknowledged. R.D.V. A77-33303 Waste economy and recycling: Problems and practice (Abfallwirtschaft und Recycling: Probleme und Praxis). Edited by E. Keller. Essen, Verlag W. Girardet, 1977. 353 p. In German. $16.15. The papers collected here investigate various aspects of establish- ing an industrial system in which a fundamental role is played by the = recycling of industrial waste. The economic aspect of such a reorganization of industry is studied carefully, and a systems analytical approach to the realization of a waste economy is described. Economic and physical possibilities and limits of waste economical principles in individual industries are considered, for example, in the steel industry, nonferrous metals, agriculture and animal husbandry, the paper industry, and plastic and rubber products. The redeeming of waste heat and waste water is given special attention. P.T.H. - A77-33326 World Hydrogen Energy Conference, 1st, Miami Beach, Fla., March 1-3, 1976, Proceedings. Volumes 1, 2 & 3. Conference sponsored by the Energy Research and Development Administration and University of Miami. Edited by T. N. Veziroglu (Miami, University, Coral Gables, Fla.). Coral Gables, Fla., University of Miami; New York, Pergamon Press, 1976. Vol. 1, 703 p.; vol. 2, 832 p.; vol: 3, 716 p. Price of three volumes, $150. The papers collected in these three volumes deal with advances in research on means of producing hydrogen, storing and trans-'' mitting hydrogen, and design of systems using hydrogen as-fuel. Nuclear energy, solar energy, coal energy, thermochemical processes'; and electrolytic processes are examined as the main energy sources' and conversion processes. Other topics include transmission systems, cryogenic storage, hydrogen storage on highway vehicles, metal hydride storage and its material considerations, hydrogen as aircraft fuel, development of a liquid hydrogen car, and hydrogen safety problems. . P.T.H. A77-33327 ft Hydrogen production process by means of nuclear energy. R. E. Harth and B. Hoehlein (Kernforschungsanlage Jiilich GmbH, Jiilich, West Germany). In: World Hydrogen Energy Conference, 1st, Miami Beach, Fla., March 1-3, 1976, Proceedings. Volume 1. • Coral Gables, Fla., University of Miami; New York, Pergamon Press, 1976, p. 1A-3 to 1A-17. Some experimental investigations into the possibility of a combination of the steam reforming process with a high-temperature gas-cooled reactor .(HTGR) are described. The pilot plant, EVA," consists of a single reforming tube with standard industrial dimen- sions. The heat transfer agent is helium. The main results are the hydrogen contents in the process gas mixture as a function of temperature and the temperature distributions as a function of tube length. A model was developed for the kinetics of the heterogeneous catalytic reaction of methane with steam on a nickel catalyst, and this model combined with pilot plant results serves as the basis for a, computer orogram for optimizing reforming plant design. P.T.H. A77-33328 ff The concept of 'nuclear hydrogen production' and progress of work in the Nuclear Research Center Juelich. R. Schulten, H. Barnert, H. Fedders, G. Grziwa, and A. Schulte' (Kernforschungsanlage Jiilich GmbH, Jiilich, West Germany). In: World Hydrogen Energy Conference, 1st, Miami Beach, Fla., March ' 1-3, 1976, Proceedings. Volume 1. Coral Gables, Fla., University of Miami; New York, Pergamon Press,'1976, p." 1A-19to 1A-32. 14 refs. 273 A77-33329 The results of some experiments on the main processes in a nuclear hydrogen plant, consisting of a high-temperature reactor (HTR) plant coupled with a thermochemical cycle plant, are discussed. Hydrogen and oxygen yields for various sulfate cycles were obtained. Data were also obtained on the chlorination of magnesium hydroxyde chloride. Dimensional and performance data on some apparatus accomplishing coupling of HTR heat to the chemical processes are given. P.T.H. A77-33329 ;/' The aqueous homogeneous reactor as a source of hydrogen and of process heat. D. P. Majumdar, H. Reyes, and W. Kerr (Michigan, University, Ann Arbor, Mich.). In: World Hydrogen Energy Conference, 1st, Miami Beach, Fla., March 1-3, 1976, Proceedings. Volume 1. Coral Gables, Fla., University of Miami; New York, Pergamon Press, 1976, p. 1A-81 to 1 A-103. 9 refs. The use of an aqueous homogeneous nuclear fission reactor for simultaneous hydrogen production by water radiolysis and process steam production is investigated. Two independent loops for hydrogen extraction are used, one for the core and one for the blanket. The primary supply of steam is generate by the core loop heat exchanger. Neutron leakage from core to blanket is calculated, and.estimates of hydrogen and steam production are made. P.T.H. A combined energy storage - heavy water production system is presented. Off-peak nuclear energy is stored in the form of electrolytic H2 (and 02) from which a large fraction of the deuterium has been transferred to water in an H2/H2O deuterium exchange catalytic column. The main features and advantages of the combined electrolysis-catalytic exchange D20 process are discussed. Significant quantities of D20 could be produced economically at reasonable peak to base power cost ratios. Thirty to forty percent of the primary electric energy should be available for peak energy via either gas-steam turbines or fuel cells. (Author) A77-33333 K Solar tower characteristics. A. F. Hildebrandt and L. L. Vant-Hull (Houston, University, Houston, Tex.). In: World Hydrogen Energy Conference, 1st, Miami Beach, Fla., March 1-3, 1976, Proceedings. Volume 1. Coral Gables, Fla., University of Miami; New York, Pergamon Press, 1976, p. 3A-3 to 3A-13. 18 refs. NSF Grant No. G1-39456. The paper reviews the designs of the 100 MWe commercial solar towers and the 10 MWe pilot plants involving a steam-electric cycle. Geometric and material considerations are discussed and best design solutions found up to now are described. The basic characteristics of several thermo-chemical cycles of interest are mentioned. P.T.H. A77-33330 ff Water splitting - A progress report. J. L. Russell, Jr., K. H. McCorkle, J. H. Norman, J. T. Porter, II, T. S. Roemer, J. R. Schuster, and R. S. Sharp (General Atomic Co., San Diego, Calif.). In: World Hydrogen Energy Conference, 1st, Miami Beach,' Fla., March 1-3, 1976, Proceedings. Volume 1. Coral Gables, Fla., University of Miami; New York, Pergamon Press, 1976, p. 1A-105 to 1A-124. Research sponsored by the' Northeast Utilities Service Co.; American Gas Association, and General Atomic Co. This: paper summarizes progress on the General Atomic Co. water splitting program begun in 1972. The search for cycles is discussed. The most promising cycle discovered by that search is described (an all liquid/gas cycle using sulfur and iodine), and the general constraints placed on any water splitting cycle by an HTGR heat source are discussed. (Author) A77-33331 H Hydrogen production from nuclear waste energy. R. Hatami' (Arya Mehr University of Technology, Teheran, Iran)! In: World Hydrogen Energy Conference, 1st, Miami Beach, Fla., March 1-3, 1976, Proceedings. Volume 1. Coral Gables, Fla., University of Miami; New York, Pergamon Press, 1976, p. 2A-21 to 2A-41. 15 refs. The basic formulas and temperature requirements for several schemes of hydrogen production by using steam and by water electrolysis are given. The use of residual electrical and steam energy of nuclear power plants for these processes is urged. The future program should be a combination of nuclear reactor and solar energy as a gamma-ray source for increasing efficiency of hydrogen production. _ P.T.H. A77-33332 ff Peak power and heavy water production from electrolytic' H2 and O2 using CANDU reactors. M. Hammerli, W. H. Stevens, W. J. Bradley, and J. P. Butler (Atomic Energy of Canada, Ltd., Chalk River' Nuclear Laboratories, Chalk River, Ontario, Canada). In: World Hydrogen Energy Conference, 1st, Miami Beach, Fla., March 1-3, 1976, Proceedings. Volume 1. Coral Gcbles, Fla., University of Miami; New York, Pergamon Press, 1976, p. 2A-42 to 2A-68. ,26 refs. A77-33334 # Water-splitting-system synthesized by photo- chemical and thermoelectric utilizations of solar energy. T. Ohta, N. Kamiya, M. Yamaguchi, N. Gotoh, T. Otagawa, and S. Asakura (Yokohama National University, Yokohama, Japan). In: World Hydrogen Energy Conference, 1st, Miami Beach, Fla., March 1-3, 1976, Proceedings. Volume 1. Coral Gables, Fla., University of Miami; New York, Pergamon Press, 1976, p. 3A-19to 3A-30. Valuable hybrid systems for hydrogen production by solar energy have been developed, and the system efficiency is estimated and discussed from various points of view. In order to split water into hydrogen and oxygen without draining out any by-products, a steady stream of the reacting materials should be maintained in the consecutive reaction processes, and if the system has a rate determining step, extra energy should be supplied to promote the reaction. In the Yokohama Mark 5, the efficiency of the thermo- electric device is as low as 5%; however, the overall efficiency ot hydrogen production can be raised up to 20% by adding extra electric power. A hybrid system combining photochemical, thermo- chemical and electrochemical reactions are also discussed from energetic point of view. (Author) A77-33335 ft Design of an ocean thermal energy plant ship to produce ammonia via hydrogen. G. L. Dugger and E. J. Francis (Johns Hopkins University, Laurel, Md.). In: World Hydrogen Energy Conference, 1st, Miami Beach, Fla., March 1-3, 1976, Proceedings. Volume 1. Coral Gables, Fla., University of Miami; New York, Pergamon Press, 1976, p. 3A-31 to 3A-68. 34 refs. Research supported by the Maritime Administration. The 24 C temperature difference that exists between surface water and deep water at selected sites in tropical oceans can be used to drive a heat engine to produce electric power, electrolyze water, and produce ammonia from the resulting hydrogen plus nitrogen from the air. A baseline design has been developed for a 100-MWe Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC) plant-ship that would produce 313 tons per day of ammonia. The cost estimates for this design have been extrapolated to 500-MWe plants to produce ammonia (for fertilizers and chemicals) or liquid hydrogen for shipment to the U.S. It is judged that ammonia will be producible at competitive cost (S90/ton in 1975 dollars) by 1982-85 with reasonable financing arrangements. (Author) 274 A77-33344 A77-33336 H Synthetic fuels from solid wastes and solar energy. M. J. Antal, Jr. (Princeton University, Princeton, N.J.), R. C. Feber, and M. C. Tinkle (California, University, Los Alamos, N. Mex.l. In: World Hydrogen Energy Conference, 1st, Miami Beach, Fla., March 1-3, 1976, Proceedings. Volume 1. Coral Gables, Fla., University of Miami; New York, Pergamon Press, 1976, p. 3A-69 to 3A-88. 29 refs. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Grant No. IAG-0646. The basic reaction by which organic solid wastes in the presence of steam yield hydrogen and carbon dioxide is noted, and the possibilities of developing processes based on it for the production of significant amounts of hydrogen are examined. In particular, the option using solar tower as the heat source is discussed. Heating requirements are analyzed, and possible hydrogen production ef- ficiency for a given system is roughly estimated to be at least 70%. An estimate of the overall economics of the system is provided. P.T.H. A77-33337 # The manufacture of hydrogen from coal. C. L. Tsaros, J. L. Arora, and K. B. Burnham (I IT Institute of .Gas Technology, Chicago, III.). In: World Hydrogen Energy Conference, 1st, Miami Beach, Fla., March 1-3, 1976, Proceedings. Volume 1. Coral Gables, Fla., University of Miami; New York, Pergamon Press, 1976, p. 4A-3 to 4A-26. Three processes for the conversion of coal to hydrogen: suspension gasification, fluidized bed gasification, and the fluidized steam-iron process, and a process for conversion of coal to methane are described and compared from the standpoint of overall plant efficiency. Overall conversion efficiency for coal to hydrogen is highest for the fluidized bed gasification process, which has lower oxygen and compression requirements than the suspension gasifica- tion process. The steam-iron process combines hydrogen manufac- ture with by-product heat energy. When a portion of the coal is converted to synthesis gas and this gas is used to hydrogenate more coal to methane, the conversion of coal to methane is more efficient than its conversion to hydrogen. ' ' P.T.H. A77-33338 # The K-T process - Koppers commercially proven coal and multi-fuel gasifier for synthetic gas production in the chemical and fertilizer industries. R. Wintrell (Koppers Co., Inc., Pittsburgh, Pa.). In: World Hydrogen Energy Conference, 1st, Miami Beach, Fla., March 1-3, 1976, Proceedings. Volume 1. Coral Gables, Fla., University of Miami; New York, Pergamon Press, 1976, p. 4A-27 to 4A-54. A77-33339 * il Hydrogen production from coal using a nuclear heat source. R. N. Quade (General Atomic Co., San Diego, Calif.). In: World Hydrogen Energy Conference, 1st, Miami Beach, Fla., March 1-3, 1976, Proceedings. Volume 1. Coral Gables, Fla., University of Miami; New York, Pergamon Press, 1976, p. 4A-55 to 4A-66. NASA-sponsored research. A strong candidate for hydrogen production in the intermediate time frame of 1985 to 1995 is a coal-based process using a high-temperature gas-cooled reactor (HTGR) as a heat source. Expected process efficiencies in the range of 60 to 70% are considerably higher than all other hydrogen production processes except steam reforming of a natural gas. The process involves the preparation of a coal liquid, hydrogasification of that liquid, and steam reforming of the resulting gaseous or light liquid product. A study showing process efficiency and cost of hydrogen vs nuclear reactor core outlet temperature has been completed, and shows diminishing returns at process temperatures above about 1500 F. A possible scenario combining the relatively abundant and low-cost Western coal deposits with the Gulf Coast hydrogen users is presented which provides high-energy density transportation utilizing coal liquids and uranium. (Author) A77-33340 ff The calcium-iodine cycle for the thermo- chemical decomposition of water. K. Fujii, W. Kondo, S. Mizuta, and T. Kumagai (National Chemical Laboratory for Industry, Tokyo, Japan). In: World Hydrogen Energy Conference, 1st, Miami Beach, Fla., March 1-3, 1976, Proceedings. Volume 1. Coral Gables, Fla., University of Miami; New York, Pergamon Press, 1976, p. 5A-7 to 5A-18, 5A-20 to 5A-25. 24 refs. A new cycle consisting of four reactions: the redox reaction of iodine with calcium hydroxide, thermal decomposition of calcium iodate, hydrolysis of calcium iodide and thermal dissociation of hydrogen iodide, was proposed for the thermochemical decomposi- tion of water. Each of those reactions was experimentally confirmed and the thermal efficiency of this process was evaluated based on the material and heat flow sheet. (Author) A77-33341 " Progress in the Los Alamos Scientific Labora- tory Program to develop thermochemical processes for hydrogen production. M. G. Bowman (California, University, Los Alamos, N. Mex.). In: World Hydrogen Energy Conference, 1st, Miami Beach, Fla., March 1-3, 1976, Proceedings. Volume 1. Coral Gables, Fla., University of Miami; New York, Pergamon Press, 1976, p. 5A-27 to 5A-36. 6 refs. ERDA-sponsored research. The need for experimental verification of conceptually plausible thermochemical processes for producing hydrogen is stressed. Pro- posed processes should be feasible with regard to cost of materials and chemicals, materials of construction, power requirements for the movement and separation of chemicals, and heat exchange and flow characteristics for permitting efficient heat transfer at realistic power densities. Since reactions with large entropy changes for cycles with a minimum number of reactions seem optimal, the use of gaseous reactants to achieve large entropies of reaction was considered. The following reactions involving stilfates or halides are described: oxide-sulfate cycles, sulfuric acid cycles, bromide-sulfate cycles, and sulfuric acid-sulfur cycles (with oxide or oxide and sulfide). M.L. A77-33342 ft Feasibility studies of chemical reactions for thermochemical water splitting cycles of the iron-chlorine-, iron- sulfur- and manganese-sulfur-families. K. F. Knoche, H. Cremer, G. Steinborn, and W. Schneider-(Rheinisch-Westfalische Technische Hochschule, Aachen, West Germany). In: World Hydrogen Energy Conference, 1st, Miami Beach, Fla., March 1-3, 1976, Proceedings. Volume 1. Coral Gables, Fla., University of Miami; New York, Pergamon Press, 1976, p. 5A-37 to 5A-82. 7 refs A77-33343 # Discovery of reaction sequences for thermo- chemical water splitting. D. May and D. F. Rudd (Wisconsin, University, Madison, Wis.). In: World Hydrogen Energy Conference, 1st, Miami Beach, Fla., March 1-3, 1976, Proceedings. Volume 1. Coral Gables, Fla., University of Miami; New York, Pergamon Press, 1976, p. 6A-23 to 6A-49. 12 refs. The thermodynamics of water-splitting reaction sequences are analyzed and a method for systematically discovering thermoT dynamically feasible closed-cycle chemical reaction sequences is presented. By utilizing a geometric representation of chemical reactions (the reaction polygon) stoichiometric integrity is obtained. It is suggested that this technique could aid in developing' a. water-splitting process which, driven by heat from nuclear reactions, would generate hydrogen for use as a fuel. M.L. A77-33344 // Effective conversion processes between ther- mal and chemical energies - Thermodynamic study of multistep water decomposition processes. K. Yoshida and H. Kameyama (Tokyo, University, Tokyo, Japan). In: World Hydrogen Energy Conference, 1st, Miami Beach, Fla., March 1-3, 1976, Proceedings. Volume 1. . Coral Gables, Fla., University of Miami; New York, Pergamon Press, 1976, p. 6A-5.1 to 6A-66. 11 refs. 275 A77-33345 A systematic search method for thermodynamically possible multistep water-splitting processes at high temperatures is described. Attention is directed to the evaluation of thermochemical water splitting processes by use of exergie flow chart and to the relationship between thermal efficiency and technological levels in thermochemical decomposition processes. The final test for overall thermal efficiency of a process should be done from a technical standpoint. S.D. A77-33345 * # Balance and optimization procedure for thermochemical cycles for hydrogen production. K. F. Knoche, H. Cremer, and W. Eisemann (Rheinisch-Westfalische Technische Hoch- schule, Aachen, West Germany). In: World Hydrogen Energy Conference, 1st, Miami Beach, Fla., March 1-3, 1976, Proceedings. Volume 1. Coral Gables, Fla., University of Miami; New York, Pergamon Press, 1976, p. 6A-69 to 6A-80. A computer program is presented for the balance and optimiza- tion of thermochemical cycles for hydrogen production. This program can be used for qualified choice of cycles as well as for the design and development of processes. The approach is demonstrated with respect to cycles of the iron-chlorine family. (Author) A77-33346 * ff A thermochemical data bank for cycle analy- sis. R. Carty, J. Funk, W. Conger, M. Soliman (Kentucky, University, Lexington. Ky.). and K. Cox. In: World Hydrogen Energy Con; ference, 1st, Miami Beach, Fla., March 1-3, 1976, Proceedings. Volume 1. Coral Gables, Fla., University ,of Miami; New York, Pergamon Press, 1976, p. 6A-81 to 6A-86. 10 refs. Grant No. NGR-18-001-086. The use of the computer program PAC-2 to produce a thermodynamic data bank for various materials used in water- splitting cycles is described. The sources of raw data and a listing of 439 materials for which data are presently available are presented. This paper also discusses the use of the data bank in' conjunction with two other programs, CEC-72 and HYDRGN. The integration of these' three programs implement an evaluation procedure for thermo- chemical water splitting cycles. CEC-72 is a program used to predict the equilibrium composition of the various chemical reactions in the cycle. HYDRGN is a program which is used to calculate changes in thermodynamic properties, work of separation, amount of recycle, internal heat regeneration, total thermal energy and process thermal efficiency for a'thermochemical cycle. . : : (Author) A77-33347 # The compatioility of containment materials, for thermochemical hydrogen production. F. Coen-Porisini and G. Imarisio (EURATOM and Comitato Nazionale per I'Energia Nu- cleare. Centre Comune di Ricerche, Ispra, Italy). In: World Hydrogen Energy Conference, 1st, Miami Beach, Fla., March 1-3, 1976, Proceedings. Volume 1. Coral Gables, Fia., University of Miami; New York, Pergamon Press, 1976, p. 7A-3 to 7A-57. 6 refs. Chemical process equipment materials for full-scale thermo- chemical production of hydrogen by splitting of water are discussed in relation to compatibility with process streams. Experimental facilities for testing materials behavior in the severe corrosive environments anticipated are described. Corrosion phenomena are evaluated via gravimetric analysis, microscopic and SEM examina- tions, and X-ray diffraction analysis. The suitability and limitations of various ceramic compositions and metallic alloys are discussed. Materials for containment of corrosive halide streams and for chemical reactors and heat exchangers are evaluated. R.D.V. A77-33348 ff Laboratory investigations on thermochemical hydrogen production. J. Pangborn (ITT Institute of Gas Technology, Chicago, III.). In: World Hydrogen Energy Conference, 1st, Miami Beach, Fla., March 1-3, 1976, Proceedings. Volume. .1. Coral Gables, Fla., University of Miami; New York, Pergamon Press, 1976, p. 7A-59 to 7A-82. 20 refs. Research sponsored by the American Gas Association. . . . . . •• Methods of investigating thermochemical water-splitting cycles and the results .of studies of a thermochemical cycle using CdO are described. The desired attributes of thermochemical cycles are analyzed as well as the techniques suitable for preliminary and advanced reaction trials. A water-splitting system based on the high-temperature thermal decomposition of CdO would be a hybrid cycle requiring a small electrical energy input for the first step in which Cd is converted to Cd(OH)2 and hydrogen is released from water. In tests this system exhibited hydrogen pressure capability, high energy efficiency, and noncorrosive components. A high- temperature solar furnace with a 1000 to 1200 C capability is considered a suitable prime energy source. • M.L. A77-33350 .# Hydrogen production by means of reactor heat using halogens and reversible electrochemical methods in a closed cycle process. S. Dorner and K. Schretzmann (Gesellschaft fiir Kernforschung mbH, Karlsruhe, West Germany). In: World Hydrogen Energy Conference, 1st, Miami Beach, Fla., March: 1-3, .1976, Proceedings. Volume 1. Coral Gables; Fla., University of Miami; New. York, Pergamon Press,' 1976, p. 8A-1 to 8A-47. 61 refs. Two kinds of thermocyclic procedures for generating hydrogen are investigated. One approach involves the formation of nitrosyl chloride and the subsequent electrolysis of chloride products. Theoretical calculations suggest that less electric energy would be required by this procedure than is required in the electrolytic production of hydrogen from water. The second approach uses cesium in a procedure involving reversible electrochemical processes. Theoretical analysis suggests that the electricity produced by one step would be sufficient for the electricity requirement of another step so that the process, although coupled with electric energy, would only require .(reactor) heat for operation. Experimental verification of these theoretical predictions is required. Other thermocyclic and electrolytic processes using halides are discussed. • ' ' A77-33351 /? Definition and analysis of thermochemical processes for hydrogen production based on iron-chlorine reactions. A..Broggi, G. De Beni, and D. van Velzen (EURATOM and Comitato Nazionale per I'Energia Nucleare, Centra Comune di Ricerche, Ispra, , Italy). In: World Hydrogen Energy Conference, ,1st, Miami Beach, Fla'., March 1-3, 1976, Proceedings'. Volume 1. . ' .. .' . '. Coral Gables, Fla., University of Miami; New York, Pergamon Press, 1976, p. 8A-69to8A-81..12refs. . ' '. Activity on iron-chlorine cycles for hydrogen production is under way in many laboratories. The characteristics of these cycles are evaluated for their consequences on the overall thermal ef- ficiency. The evaluation is made by the computer program OPTIMO. The results show that the thermal efficiency is strongly affected by the amount of heat related to the decomposition'Of irontrichloride, a , reaction always present in these cycles. The necessity of careful attention to separation processes is underlined. .(Author) A77-33353 ff • Thermochemical cycles utilizing sulfur -for hydrogen production from water. M. G. Bowman, E. I. Onstott, C. L. Peterson, and W. G. Witteman (California, University, Los Alamos, N. Mex.). In: World Hydrogen Energy Conference, 1st, Miami Beach, Fla., March 1-3. 1976. Proceedings. Volume -1. • • . Coral. Gables, Fla.. University of Miami; New York, Pergamon Press, 1976, p. 8A-109 to 8A-1 14. 5 refs. ERDA-sponsored research. - Three closed thermochemical cycles utilizing sulfur and metal oxides of calcium, lanthanum, and manganese have been demon- strated experimentally. All reactions give yields and proceed at rates considered reasonable. The reactions are based on the following steps: the equilibrium formation of sulfuric acid and sulfur from sulfur dioxide and water at low temperature; the high temperature decomposition of sulfuric acid to produce sulfur dioxide for recycle and to evolve oxygen; a reaction sequence involving metal oxide, metal sulfide. and metal carbonate for production of hydrogen sulfide.from sulfur and water; and the decomposition of hydrogen sulfide to produce hydrogen and sulfur for recycle. . M.L. 276 A77-33362 A77-33354 H The Westinghouse Sulfur Cycle for the thermochemical decomposition of water. L. E. Brecher, S. Spewock, and C. J. Warde (Westinghouse Research Laboratories, Pittsburgh, Pa:). In: World Hydrogen Energy Conference, 1st, Miami Beach, Fla., March 1-3, 1976, Proceedings. Volume 1. Coral Gables, Fla., University of Miami; New York, Pergamon Press, 1976, p. 9A-1 to9A-16. 9refs. A two-step thermochemical cycle for decomposing water into hydrogen and oxygen is described. Sulfurous acid and water are reacted electrolytically to produce hydrogen and sulfuric acid. The resultant sulfuric acid is vaporized to produce steam and sulfur trioxide, this last being subsequently reduced at higher temperatures into sulfur dioxide and oxygen. Water^ and sulfur dioxide are' recycled, while oxygen is available as a byproduct. The cycle is considered to have the potential for achieving high thermal ef- ficiencies while using common and inexpensive chemicals. Research indicates that the cycle chemical reactions proceed at acceptable rates without side reactions. Conceptual designs and cost estimates suggest that the product gas separations can be done conventionally and economically. The technology supporting the selection of this thermochemical cycle for further development, and potential ap- plications for the hydrogen and oxygen products of the process, are discussed. • M.L. A77-33356 * # Hydrogen production by water decomposition using a combined electrolytic-thermochemical cycle. G. H. Farbman and L. E. Brecher (Westinghouse Electric Corp., Pittsburgh, Pa.). In: World Hydrogen Energy Conference, 1st, Miami Beach, Fla., March 1-3, 1976, Proceedings. Volume 1. Coral Gables, Fla., University of Miami; New York, Pergamon Press, 1976, p. 9A-29 to 9A-50. Contract No. NAS3-18934. , M " A proposed dual-purpose power plant generating nuclear power to provide energy for driving a water decomposition system is described. The entire system, dubbed Sulfur Cycle Water Decom- position System, works on sulfur compounds (sulfuric acid feed; stock, sulfur oxides) in a hybrid electrolytic-thermochemical cycle; performance superior to either all-electrolysis1 systems' or presently known all-thermochemical systems is claimed. The 3345 MW(th) graphite-moderated helium-cooled reactor (VHTR - Very 'High Temperature Reactor) generates .both'high-temperature heat and' electric power for the process; the gas stream at core exit is heated.to 1850 F. Reactor operation is described. and reactor innards are illustrated. A cost assessment for on-stream performance" in the 1990"sis optimistic. ' ' • . . . R.D.V. A77-33358 ff Recent developments of large electrolytic hydrogen generators. J. B. Laskin and R. D. Feldwick (Teledyne Energy Systems, Timonium, Md.). ' In: World Hydrogen Energy Conference, 1st, Miami Beach, Fla., March 1-3, 1976, Proceedings. Volume 2. Coral Gables, Fla., University of Miami; New York, Pergamon Press, 1976, p. 6B-3 to 6B-19. 5 refs. The paper examines the electrolytic-hydrogen market and electrolyzers, with particular reference to general plant description, module design, auxiliary design, and basic material costs. A new design of Teledyne's Electra Cell alkaline electrolysis hydrogen generators is discussed.. A major conclusion is that the highest efficiency cell may not produce the least expensive hydrogen. S.D. The cost of electrolytic hydrogen is about 2-3 times the cost of hydrogen produced from natural gas or naphta because of high electricity costs. With the increasing cost of coal and the impeding unavailability of oil and natural gas in a few years, the only alternative method for hydrogen production on a large scale can be by water electrolysis using electricity derived from nuclear or solar energy. Attention is directed to current status of advanced water electrolysis cells, effects of temperature on electrode kinetic param- eters, electrocatalysis of hydrogen and oxygen evolution reactions, and use of mixed oxides as oxygen electrodes. Other subjects discussed include selection and evaluation of separator materials for water electrolysis cells, hydroxyl ion transporting solid polymer electrolyte, and photoelectrochemical effects. S.D. A77-33360 ff Water electrolysis under pressure - Improve- ment of energy efficiency by temperature increase. L. Mas (Societe de Recherches Techniques et Industrielles, Buc, Yvelines, France), J. C..Sohm (Ecole Nationale Superieure d'Electrochimie et d'Eletro- metallurgie de Grenoble, St. Martin d'Heres, Isere, France), and A. Damien (Electricite' de France, St. Denis, Seine-Saint-Denis, France). In: World Hydrogen Energy Conference, 1st, Miami Beach, Fla., March 1-3, 1976, Proceedings. Volume 2. Coral Gables, Fla., University of Miami; New York, Pergamon Press, 1976, p. 6B-41 to 6B-64. 14 refs. Research supported by the Electricite de France. Ways of improving the energy efficiency of water electrolyzers are discussed. Since the optimum value of current density is determined by economic considerations, the best solution is achieved by decreasing the electrical resistance of the diaphragm, increasing the working temperature, and improving the activation of electrodes through development of new electrocatalysts. Particular attention is given to an assessment of temperature effect, from 40 to 160 C, on the performance of a water.electrojyzer operating under a pressure of, 20 bars with nonactivated electrodes. Also discussed are relevant corrosion problems when the temperature is raised from 80 to 160 C. S.D. A77-33361 /! Performance characteristics of a high-pressure, moderate temperature, electrolysis system. H. J. Allison (Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Okla.). In: World Hydrogen Energy Conference, 1st, Miami Beach, Fla., March 1-3, 1976, Proceedings. Volume 2. Coral Gables, Fla., University of Miami; New York, Pergamon Press, 1976, p. 7B-1 to 7B-22. NSF Grant No. GI-39457. Electrolytic techniques of energy storage offer a flexibility of energy output unmatched by other storage techniques. Basic information on the hydrogen-oxygen electrolytic reaction is given. Theoretical and experimental evidence is presented in support of the significant improvements in cell performance which may result at high pressures and moderate temperature. Performance charac- teristics of a two-kilowatt electrolysis cell module prototype are discussed for initial testing conducted at temperatures up to 400 F and pressures up to 3000 psig. The electrolysis system developed provides for electrolyte replenishment without requiring pressure pumps or system depressurization, the number of valves and associated hardware being independent of the electrolysis system. S.D. A77-33359 ff Prospects for hydrogen production by- water electrolysis to be competitive with conventional methods. S. Srini- vasan and F. J. Salzano (Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, N.Y.). In: World Hydrogen Energy Conference, 1st, Miami Beach, Fla., March 1-3, 1976, Proceedings. Volume 2. Coral Gables, Fla., University of Miami; New York, Pergamon Press 1976. p. 6B-23 to 6B-37. 14 refs. ERDA-suppprted research. A77-33362 ff Development of a low capital cost electro- lyzer. B. C. Campbell (Billings Energy Research Corp., Provo, Utah). In: World Hydrogen Energy Conference, 1st, Miami Beach, Fla., March 1-3, 1976, Proceedings. Volume 2. Coral Gables, Fla., University of Miami; New York, Pergamon Press, 1976, p. 7B-23 to 76-36. 17 refs. 277 A77-33363 •The overall economic feasibility of electrolytic hydrogen pro- duction is analyzed in order to determine areas where improvement is needed to render this an attractive cost-effective source of hydrogen fuel. Various estimates of electrolytic hydrogen cost are discussed along with the operating and capital costs of different commercial units. Research areas where continued effort is needed to reduce the price of consumer hydrogen are identified. A new low-cost catalytic agent developed to increase the efficiency of large-scale units could prove to be a significant boon to the reduction of'the capital costs of smaller devices. A new electrode design originally devised for the needs of a small electrolyzer may result in a dramatic improvement in the cost of bulk hydrogen. S.D. A77-33363 * ff -Heat transfer analysis of metal hydrides in metal-hydrogen secondary batteries. M. Onischak, D. Dharia (Energy Research Corp., Danbury, Conn.), and D. Gidaspow (NT Institute of Gas Technology, Chicago, III.). In: World Hydrogen Energy Con- ference, 1st, Miami Beach, Fla., March 1-3, 1976, Proceedings. Volume 2. Coral Gables, Fla., University of Miami; New York, Pergamon Press, 1976, p. 7B-37 to 7B-52. Contract No. NAS3-18557. The heat transfer between a metal-hydrogen secondary battery and a hydrogen-storing metal hydride was studied. Temperature profiles of the endothermic metal hydrides and the metal-hydrogen battery were obtained during discharging of the batteries assuming an adiabatic system. Two hydride materials were considered in two physical arrangements within the battery system. In one case the hydride is positioned in a thin annular region about the battery stack; in the other the hydride is held in a tube down the center of the stack. The results show that for a typical 20 ampere-hour battery system with lanthanum pentanickel hydride as the hydrogen reser- voir the system could perform successfully. (Author) A77-33364 # Modern technology electrolysis for power ap- plication; R. Bidard (Compagnie Electro-Mecanique, Paris, France) and U.' La Roche (Brown, Bdveri et Cie. AG, Baden, Switzerland). In: Wprld Hydrogen Energy Conference, 1st, Miami Beach, Fla., March 1-3, 1976, Proceedings. Volume 2. Coral Gables, Fla., University of Miami; New York, Pergamon Press, 1976, p. 7B-53 to 7B-75. A theoretical and practical comparison is drawn between thermolysis and electrolysis for hydrogen production by water splitting. Electrolysis possibilities are examined thoroughly with emphasis on market penetration. A number of reversible processes are described that may serve as models for further studies on actual thermolysis processes. Searching for an answer on where and when an effort should be made to apply modern technology to electrolysis for hydrogen production, one has to allocate the needs correctly in space, time, and cost. S.D. A77-33365 H Hydrogen production plants using electrolytic cells with low cost electrodes built into pressure tanks. F. F. Hall (Stanford University, Stanford, Calif.). In: World Hydrogen Energy Conference, 1st, Miami Beach, Fla., March 1-3, 1976, Proceedings. Volume 2. Coral Gables, Fla., University of Miami; New York, Pergamon Press, 1976, p. 7B-77 to 7B-108. Electrolytic production method of generating hydrogen gas is briefly reviewed, and critical components of electrolytic hydrogen production plants are listed. These components are then discussed and recommended approaches and arrangements cited. Recom- mended arrangement would be operated at moderate temperatures and gas pipeline pressures. A hypothetical 150 MW hydrogen plant is 'described, including estimates of cost and performance. Comments are made in regard to several possible generating systems which might be used to power hydrogen production plants. A comprehensive energy policy is appended. (Author) A77-33366 § A farm energy system employing hydrogen storage. R. R. Tison and N. P. Biederman (NT Institute of Gas Technology, Chicago, III.). In: World Hydrogen Energy Conference, 1st, Miami Beach, Fla., March 1-3, 1976, Proceedings. Volume 2. Coral Gables, Fla., University of Miami; New York, Pergamon Press, 1976, p. 4B-3 to 4B-28. The paper provides some insight into the possible use of hydrogen as an energy link between a wind turbine and the ultimate energy demands of a farming operation. Emphasis is placed on determining whether current technology for hydrogen production and storage, and battery storage can be combined with a wind turbine to provide reliable energy to farming operations and rural homes. Initial findings are presented in terms of the application of hydrogen and thermal (hot water) storage of energy produced by wind power for a 100-head dairy farm. It is anticipated that after optimization, a wind energy system for farms incorporating hy- drogen and hot water storage could produce energy at 10 to 15 cents per kWhr with current technology. S.D. A77-33367 ff • Microbial hydrogen production. J. E. Zajic and J. Brosseau. In: World Hydrogen Energy Conference, 1st, Miami Beach, Fla., March 1-3, 1976, Proceedings. Volume 2. Coral Gables, Fla., University of Miami; New York, Pergamon Press, 1976, p. 4B-29 to 4B-68. 100 refs. A comparison of fuel properties of nonfossil and other fuels reveals that hydrogen is an ideal fuel not only as an alternative primary energy source but also as a highly efficient energy carrier. The four basic processes available for hydrogen production from nonfossil primary energy sources are electrolytic, thermomechanical, radiolytic, and microbial. The paper is a brief review of microbial production of hydrogen. Primary environmental factors determining the outcome of enrichment procedures for some chemoautotrophic and chemoheterotrophic bacteria are identified. The biochemistry of hydrogen gas production by microorganisms is discussed for 'clostrid- ial' and 'coli-type' reactions. Also discussed are the nitrogenase relationship to hydrogen synthesis and the use of photosynthetic bacteria. S.D. A77-33368 # The photosynthetic production of hydrogen. G. Neil, J. O. Bockris, J. F. McCann (South Australia, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia), and D. J. D. Nicholas (Adelaide, University, Adelaide, Australia). In: World Hydrogen Energy Con- ference, 1st, Miami Beach, Fla., March 1-3, 1976, Proceedings. Volume 2. . Coral Gables, Fla., University of Miami; New York, Pergamon Press, 1976, p. 4B-69 to 4B-76. 10 refs. The rate of hydrogen produced from Anabaena cylindrica under an inert atmosphere and light irradiation has been examined. An approximate estimate of the area required to produce hydrogen in adequate quantities from Anabaena cylindrica to provide enough energy for the needs of a city with a population of 1 million has been calculated. (Author) A77-33369 ff Byconversion of solar energy in salt water photosynthetic hydrogen production systems. A. Mitsui (Miami, University, Miami, Fla.). In: World Hydrogen Energy Conference, 1st, Miami Beach, Fla., March 1-3, 1976, Proceedings. Volume 2. Coral Gables, Fla., University of Miami; New York, Pergamon Press, 1976, p. 4B-77 to 4B-99. 14 refs. Research supported by the Gulf Oil Foundation, Engineering Foundation, and NSF. Progress and future plans in the study of hydrogen photo- production via marine photosynthetic systems are reviewed. Special emphasis is placed on the economic and logistical importance of using salt water as the hydrogen (proton) and electron donor in such a system. The advantages of using marine photosynthetic micro- organisms (i.e., marine photosynthetic bacteria and marine blue- green algae) are discussed from the standpoint of maintaining stable mass cultures with high solar conversion efficiencies. A program is outlined for the multiple utilization of hydrogen-producing mass cultures, including harvesting cultures for food production, using cellular products for methane production and isolating metabolically active cellular products for medical use. . (Author) 278 A77-33379 A77-33370 # The theory of hydrogen production in a photoelectrochemical cell. J. O. Bockris and K. Uosaki (South Australia, Flinders University, Bedford Park, Australia). In: World Hydrogen Energy Conference, 1st, Miami Beach, Fla., March 1-3, 1976, Proceedings. Volume 2. Coral Gables, Fla., University of Miami; New York, Pergamon Press, 1976, p. 5B-1 to 5B-30. 25 refs. Theoretical expressions for photocurrents of p-type and n-type semiconductors are set up under estimation that the rate-determining step is discharge process in both cases. The photoelectrochemical process in semiconductors is considered in terms of the solid state and quantum electrochemical processes involved. Photocurrents of individual electrodes were calculated by using the characteristics of semiconductors, e.g., energy gap, electron affinity, etc. The cal- culated results for n-type semiconductors are rather low in any cases. The experimental high quantum efficiency for TiO2 is explained by considering the existence of surface state. Photocurrent for whole cell is also considered, and hydrogen production rate under solar spectrum by a typical cell is calculated. (Author) A77-33372 It Feasibility of hydrogen production by direct water splitting at high temperature. S. lhara (Ministry of Inter- national Trade and Industry Electrotechnical Laboratory, Tonashi, Tokyo, Japan). In: World Hydrogen Energy Conference, 1st, Miami Beach, F.la., March 1-3, 1976, Proceedings. Volume 2. Coral Gables, Fla., University of Miami; New York, Pergamon Press, 1976, p. 5B-55 to 5B-70. 8 refs. Conceptual study on the process of hydrogen production by direct dissociation of water using high-temperature solar.energy is described. Calculated result of equilibrium composition of water vapor, hydrogen, and oxygen suggests that the temperatures above 3000 K are required for the dissociation of water. A solar furnace for supplying such high-temperature energy is considered. Basic ideas on the method for separating hydrogen and oxygen from high- temperature water vapor are suggested. Analysis of overall efficiency and target cost shows that the process will be justified for practical use if an effective separation method can be developed. (Author) A77-33374 * ff Thermodynamic analysis of alternate energy carriers, hydrogen and chemical heat pipes. K. E. Cox (New Mexico, University, Albuquerque, N. Mex.), R. H. Carty, W. L. Conger, M. A. Soliman, and J. E. Funk (Kentucky, University, Lexington, Ky.|. In: World Hydrogen Energy Conference, 1st, Miami Beach, Fla., March 1-3, 1976, Proceedings. Volume 2. . Coral Gables, Fla., University of Miami; New York, Pergamon Press, 1976, p. 1B-3 to 1B-16. 14 refs. Research supported by the Westinghouse Electric Corp., Electric Power Research Institute and NASA. The paper discusses the production concept and efficiency of two new energy transmission and storage media intended to overcome the disadvantages of electricity as an overall energy carrier. These media are hydrogen produced by water-splitting and the chemical heat pipe. Hydrogen can be'transported or stored, and burned as energy is needed, forming only water and thus obviating pollution problems. The chemical heat pipe envisions a system in which heat is stored as the heat of reaction in chemical species. The thermodynamic analysis of these two methods is discussed in terms of first-law and second-law efficiency. It is concluded that chemical heat pipes offer large advantages over thermochemical hydrogen generation schemes on a first-law efficiency basis except for the degradation of thermal energy in temperature thus providing a source 'of low-temperature (800 K) heat for process heat applications. On a second-law efficiency basis, hydrogen schemes are superior in that the amount of available work is greater as compared to chemical heat pipes. S.D. A77-33375 ff Ocean thermal energy delivery systems based on chemical energy carriers. A. Konopka, A. Talib, N. Biederman, and B. Yudow (NT Institute of Gas Technology, Chicago, III.). In: World Hydrogen Energy Conference, 1st, Miami Beach, Fla., March 1-3, 1976, Proceedings. Volume 2. • Coral Gables, Fla., University of Miami; New York, Pergamon Press, 1976, p. 1B-19 to 1B-37. 23 refs. ERDA-supported research; NSF Grants No. C-1008; No. AER-75-00033. Application of chemical energy carriers to deliver ocean thermal energy is reviewed. The technoeconomic requirements to convert thermal-gradient-produced shaft power into hydrogen and ammonia are discussed. Subsequent offshore chemical energy transmission and onshore terminal costs and technical requirements are also discussed. A preliminary comparison of hydrogen and ammonia, as ocean thermal energy carriers, is made. (Author) A77-33376 fi A wind energy system utilizing high pressure electrolysis as a storage mechanism. H. J. Allison (Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Okla.). In: World Hydrogen Energy Con- ference, 1st, Miami Beach, Fla., March 1-3, 1976, Proceedings. Volume 2. Coral Gables, Fla., University of Miami; New York, Pergamon Press, 1976, p. 28-3 to 2B-14. 7 refs. The paper describes a technique of energy storage which utilizes electrolysis cells to disassociate water into its component gases,' arid then stores the evolved hydrogen as a high pressure gas, or liquid; or hydride. This system, in conjunction with solar'and wind energy generating systems, has been the subject of research since' 1961. Present performance parameters for those components of the system which have reached the prototype stage are provided, and remaining problems and economic considerations are discussed. M.L. A77-33377 * # A study of the efficiency of hydrogen lique- faction. C. R. Baker and R. L. Shaner (Union Carbide Corp., Lin'de Div., Tonawanda, N.Y.). In: World Hydrogen Energy Conference, 1st, Miami Beach, Fla., March 1-3, 1976, Proceedings. Volume''2. Coral Gables, Fla., University of Miami; New York, Pergamon Press, 1976, p. 2B-17 to 2B-41. 9 refs. Contract No. NAS1-13395. • . - - . • • • The search for an environmentally acceptable fuel to eventually replace petroleum-based fuels for long-range jet aircraft has singled out liquid hydrogen as an outstanding candidate. Hydrogen.lique- faction is discussed, along with the effect of several '."operating parameters on process efficiency. A feasible large-scale commercial hydrogen liquefaction facility based on the results of the efficiency study is described. Potential future improvements in hydrogen liquefaction are noted. S.D. A77-33378 # A system consideration of the cryogenic storage tank for liquid hydrogen fueled vehicles and the resulting tank concept for a passenger car. W. Peschka and C. Carpetis (Deutsche Forschungs- und Versuchsanstalt fiir Luft- und Raumfahrt, Institut fur Energiewandlung und Elektrische Antriebe, Stuttgart, West Germany). In: World Hydrogen Energy Conference, 1st, Miami Beach, Fla., March 1-3, 1976, Proceedings. Volume 2. Coral Gables, Fla., University of Miami; New York, Pergamon Press, 1976, p. 28-43 to 28-63. 46 refs. , • - . . : A cryogenic liquid hydrogen fuel tank, designed for automobiles which use hydrogen for fuel, is described. Consideration is given.to liquid hydrogen as an alternative fuel, liquid hydrogen storage in a vehicle, and fuel processing. Performance data and test results involving a compact cryogenic fuel tank are provided. ,. . M.L. A77-33379 II Technical and environmental aspects of under- ground hydrogen storage. A. B. Walters (Southern California Gas Co., Los Angeles, Calif.). In: World Hydrogen Energy Conference, 1st, Miami Beach, Fla., March 1-3, 1976, Proceedings. Volume '2. Coral Gables, Fla., University of Miami; New York, Pergamon Press, 1976, p. 2B-65 to 2B-79. The storability of energy in the form of hydrogen supplies' is emphasized and underground hydrogen storage is compared with liquefied hydrogen storage. The storage technology developed for natural gas, using underground aquifers and depleted petroleum reservoirs, is considered well adapted to hydrogen storage needs; required further studies are indicated. Estimated costs of hydrogen storage and natural gas storage, (reservoir and surface acquisition. 279 A77-33380 wells, compression and injection wells, cushion gas, operating and maintenance, energy input) are compared, and environmental effects (land Use, waste water, air quality and emissions) of hydrogen storage underground are discussed. R.D.V; A77-33380 ff Hydrogen storage on highway vehicles • Up- date '76. E, E. Ecklund (ERDA, Washington, D.C.) and F. L. Kester (IIT Institute of Gas Technology, Chicago, III.). In: World Hydrogen Energy Conference, 1st, Miami Beach, Fla., March 1-3, 1976,' Proceedings. Volume 2. Coral Gables, Fla., University of Miami; New York, Pergamon Press, 1976, p. 3B-3 to 3B-29. 35 refs. The paper presents a brief overview of some of the more recent work on hydrogen storage media and a rudimentary comparison of these storage methods. In addition to the vehicle weight com- parisons, a comparison of overall fuel utilization efficiencies for the various storage concepts is made. The net efficiencies are compared for the conversion of coal or nuclear fuel to a transportable fuel] transmission of the fuel to the vehicle, and the net work performed by the vehicle on the road. Factors influencing the near-term potential of hydrogen-fueled highway vehicles, especially in relation to electric vehicles, are identified. It is shown that hydrogen-fueled vehicles will not be competitive with electric vehicles until large-scale hydrogen production facilities are developed. S.D. A77-33381 ft Hydrogen vehicular fuel storage as a step in a water splitting cycle. P. S. Rudman (Technioo - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel). In: World Hydrogen Energy Conference, 1st, Miami Beach, Fla., March 1-3, 1976, Proceedings. Volume 2. Coral Gables, Fla., University of Miami; New York, Pergamon Press, 1976, p. 3B-3J to 3B-39. 9 refs. The paper shows that a unique refueling cycle is possible for hydrogen produced in a thermochemical water-splitting cycle, where fuel production for hydrogen vehicular refueling is an integral part of the refueling loop. Chemical reactions of hydrogen release for fuel storage .are identified and discussed, along with acceptance criteria for fuel storage systems. Merits and short-comings of such a hydrogen refueling system are pointed out. S.D. A77-33382 fj Hydrogen-powered highway vehicles - Applica- tions and optimum form of fuel storage. R. L. Whitelaw (Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Va.). In: World Hydrogen Energy Conference, 1st, Miami Beach, Fla., March 1-3, 1976, Proceedings. Volume 2. Coral Gables, Fla., University of Miami; New York, Pergamon Press, 1976, p. 3Br41 to 36-51. 6 refs. Twelve different vehicle applications are considered for the future era of hydrogen as fuel. It is shown that seven different stored energy quantities, from 100,000 to 8,000,000 Btu will accommodate all. Optimum tank sizes and weights for each are then determined, both for liquid hydrogen at 2 atm, 23 K, and for pressurized hydrogen at 102 atm, 288 K. Liquid hydrogen storage, in well- insulated tankage, is shown to be 1/50th the weight and 1/15th the cost of pressurized gas storage, for the same energy, besides being much safer. The use of liquefied natural gas (LNG), so long as available, enjoys a 50% weight and cost advantage over liquid hydrogen for tankage alone. Two million Btu of liquid hydrogen, sufficient for a 400-mile family car trip, may be stored in two43-in. long by 8 in. dram, insulated tanks for a total tank weight of 70 Ib and cost of $263. (Author) A77-33383 ff Methods of on-board generation of hydrogen for vehicular use. A. Z. Ullman and W. D. Van Vorst (California, University, Los Angeles, Calif.). In: World Hydrogen Energy Con- ference, 1st, Miami Beach, Fla., March 1-3, 1976, Proceedings. Volume 2. Coral Gables, Fla., University of Miami; New York, Pergamon Press, 1976, p. 3B-53 to 3B-62. The paper reviews some possible alternatives of hydrogen storage for use as the sole or major fuel for vehicular use and as a supplementary fuel for enhancement of the combustion behavior. Energetics of hydrogen as a supplementary vehicular fuel is analyzed. Chemical storage of hydrogen for vehicular use is discussed relative to borohydrides, methanol decomposition, and ammonia decom- position. Conditions under which the net thermal efficiency of the engine can be improved with hydrogen storage are identified. S.D. A77-33384 K Automotive fuel-saving system with on-board hydrogen generation and injection into I. C. engines. D. A. Kelly (Technidynamics, Inc., Maspeth, N.Y.). In: World Hydrogen Energy Conference, 1st, Miami Beach, Fla., March 1-3, 1976, Proceedings. Volume 2. Coral Gables, Fla., University of Miami; New York, Pergamon Press, 1976, p. 3B-63 to 3B-70. The paper describes the design concept and capabilities of a new automotive fuel-saving system provided with on-board hydrogen generation and injection means. The system consists of three basic groups of units: electrical generating units, hydrogen generating cell array, and'hydrogen injection aggregate. The heart of the system is the high-efficiency electrolysis multicell unit that produces the hydrogen gas for injection into the basically unaltered internal- combustion automotive engine. Key factors for the adoption of this on-board generation system are the relative ease of hydrogen adaptation for use in conventional internal-combustion engines and its pollution-free clean burning characteristic. S.D. A77-33385 ;/ Titanium alloy hydrides - Their properties and applications. J. J. Reilly and J. R. Johnson (Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, N.Y.). In: World Hydrogen Energy Conference, 1st, Miami Beach, Fla., March 1-3, 1976, Proceedings. Volume 2. Coral Gables, Fla., University of Miami; New York, Pergamon Press, 1976, p. 88-3 to 8B-26. 15 refs. ERDA- sponsored research. Certain reversible metal hydrides have been proposed as energy storage media. One of these, titanium iron hydride, has already been used in a pilot scale demonstration for this purpose. This paper'will discuss the formation and properties of other titanium alloy hydrides which are also of interest in this connection. Particular emphasis will be given to a class of ternary alloys having composition correspond- ing to TiFe(x)M(y) where M is a transition metal. It has" been determined that many alloys of this type will react directly and reversibly with hydrogen to form hydrides. The properties of these hydrides vary and are dependent on the particular transition metal substitute and its quantity. The integration of such materials with energy storage systems and their relative advantages are discussed. v . (Author) A77-33386 » The behavior of iron titanium hydride test beds - Long-term effects, heat transfer and modeling. G. Strickland,. J. Milau, and W.-S. Yu (Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton; N.Y.). In: World Hydrogen Energy Conference, 1st, Miami Beach, Fla., March 1-3, 1976, Proceedings. Volume 2. Coral Gables, Fla., University of Miami;-New York, Pergamon Press, 1976, p. 8B-41 to 8B-71. Research supported by the Empire State Electric Energy Research Corp. Hydrogen and the intermetallic compound -FeTi react to produce iron titanium hydride. The decomposable nature of iron titanium hydride makes it a suitable hydrogen storage medium, and it has the advantage over hydrides of reacting reversibly at ordinary temperatures and being made from a potentially low-cost-material. The long term and thermal behavior of test beds of iron titanium hydride is assessed. Particular attention is given to microfissuring and particle attrition during the activation of a decomposable hydride and to reaction- rates during hydriding and dehydriding as being dependent on the system pressure and the material temperature and composition. Modeling studies are carried out to assess the dynamic behavior of a hydride bed and establish the effect of system variables on the hydriding and dehydriding rates. The results are suitable for optimizing the design of larger units. • S.D. A77-33387 H A thermodynamic analysis of HYCSOS, a hydrogen conversion and storage system. D. M. Gruen, F. Schreiner, 280 A77-33393 and I. Sheft (Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, III.). In: World Hydrogen Energy Conference, 1st, Miami Beach, Fla., March 1-3, 1976, Proceedings. Volume 2. Coral Gables, Fla., University of Miami; New York, Pergamon Press, 1976, p. 8B-73 to 88-87. 13 refs. A two metal hydride system for the storage, retrieval and conversion of thermal energy is described. The system functions - . heating, cooling and power production - are discussed for solar energy applications. A thermodynamic analysis particularly of the conversion cycle is presented. It is concluded that solar concentrators providing heat transfer fluid temperatures of 140 deg could give conversion efficiencies of 16.5%. (Author) A77-33388 * ff , A simple approach to metal hydride alloy > optimization. D. D. Lawson, C. G. Miller, and R. F. Landel • (California Institute of Technology, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, . Pasadena, Calif.). In: World Hydrogen Energy Conference, 1st, Miami Beach, Fla., March 1-3, 1976, Proceedings. Volume 2. Coral Gables, Fla., University of Miami; New York, Pergamon Press, 1976, p. 9B-3 to 9B-10. 6 refs. Contract No. NAS7-100. Hildebrand-Scott (1950) solubility parameters can be obtained for metals and alloys by calculating the cohesive energy density (CED), equal to the square of the solubility parameter, and a function of the heat of sublimation and the atomic volume. It is suggested that the solubility parameter permits estimation of the hydrogen storage capacity of an alloy and that alloys with a solubility parameter approximately equal to the parameter for hydrogen will have greater hydrogen storage capacity than other alloys. Equilibrium pressure - temperature relationships for some metal hydrides are presented in conjunction with the calculated solubility parameter and correlated with characteristics which would be useful in hydrogen-powered vehicles. Alloy properties which increase the amount of nonstoichiometric reversible hydrogen absorption are discussed. M.L. A77-33389 * ff Potential - structural material problems in a hydrogen energy system. H. R. Gray (NASA, Lewis Research Center, Cleveland, Ohio), H. G. Nelson (NASA, Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif.), R. .E. Johnson (NASA, Johnson Space Center, Houston, Tex.), W. B. McPherson (NASA, Marshall Space Flight Center; Huntsville, Ala.), f. S. Howard (NASA, Kennedy Space Center, Cocoa Beach, Fla.), and J. H. Swisher.(ERDA, Washington, D.C.). In: World Hydrogen Energy Conference, 1st, Miami Beach, Fla., March 1-3, 1976, Proceedings. Volume 2. Coral Gables, Fla., University of Miami; New York, Pergamon Press, 1976, p. 9B-15 to 9B-39. 49 refs. Potential structural material problems that may be encountered in the three components of a hydrogen energy system - production, transmission/storage, and utilization - have been identified. Hydrogen embrittlement, corrosion, oxidation, and erosion may occur during the production of hydrogen. Hydrogen embrittlement is-of major concern during both transmission and utilization of hydrogen. Specific materials research and development programs necessary to support a hydrogen energy system are described. An awareness of probable shortages of strategic materials has been maintained in these suggested programs. (Author) A77-33390 K Selection of structural materials for hydrogen pipelines and storage vessels. A. W. Thompson (Rockwell Interna- tional Science Center, Thousand Oaks, Calif.) and I. M. Bernstein (Carnegie-Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pa.). In: World Hydrogen Energy Conference, 1st, Miami Beach, Fla., March 1-3, 1976, Proceedings.. Volume 2. Coral Gables, Fla., University of Miami; New York, Pergamon Press, 1976, p. 9B-47 to 9B-65. 38 refs. Research supported by the Rockwell Independent Research and Development Program; Contract No. N00014-75-C-0265. The feasibility, both of using present transmission lines for hydrogen, and of developing new steels resistant to hydrogen, is explored. Both appear possible but simple extrapolation of existing conditions for natural gas storage and transmission is inappropriate. Specifically, composition, heat treatment and weldability require- ments are more severe for hydrogen transport; pressure vessel steels are susceptible to hydrogen embrittlement and thus seamless vessels and/or protective liners are required; and high-strength resistant steels must be developed for compressors, valves and related equipment. These problems, while soluble, provide an urgent challenge to the materials engineer. (Author) A77-33391 * H Some early perspectives on ground require- ments of liquid hydrogen air transports. P. F. Korycinski (NASA, Langley Research Center, Hampton, Va.). In: World Hydrogen Energy Conference, 1st, Miami Beach, Fla., March 1-3, 1976, Proceedings.- Volume 3. . Coral Gables, Fla., University of Miami; New York, Pergamon Press, 1976, p. 5C-33 to 5C-56. 10 refs. The paper examines the problem of liquid-hydrogen (LH2) subsonic long-range air transport from the perspectives of airplane manufacturers, the airline operator, the air terminal authority and the LH2 supplier. Emphasis is placed on identifying common problems and interfaces that are likely to occur in preparing for commercial airline operations of LH2 subsonic air transport in the 1990-1995 period. General considerations are discussed relative to sources and cost of gaseous hydrogen, hydrogen liquefaction, and LH2 availability. The fact that hydrogen sustains combustion at altitudes substantially higher than hydrocarbon fuels suggests that air transport can be designed to operate at higher enroute air traffic flight levels. This can be an advantage if only to relieve traffic congestion on heavily traveled routes. Pertinent interfaces in plan- ning for the use of LH2 in air transportation are identified, including productivity and profitability, passenger-fuel compatibility, and lightning and electrical discharges. S.D. A77-33392 * *"' New potentials for conventional aircraft when powered by hydrogen-enriched gasoline. W. A. Menard, P. I. Moynihan, and J. H. Rupe (California Institute of Technology, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif.). In: World Hydrogen Energy Conference, 1st, Miami Beach, Fla., March 1-3, 1976, Proceedings. Volume 3. Coral Gables, Fla-., University of Miami; New York, Pergamon Press, 1976, p. 5C-59 to 5C-86. 11 refs. Contract No. NAS7-100. • Hydrogen enrichment for aircraft piston engines is under study in a new NASA program. The objective of the program is to determine the feasibility of inflight injection of hydrogen in general aviation aircraft engines to reduce fuel consumption and to lower emission levels. A catalytic hydrogen generator will be incorporated as part of the air induction system of a Lycoming turbocharged engine and will generate hydrogen by breaking down small amounts of the aviation gasoline used in the normal propulsion system. This hydrogen will then be mixed with gasoline and compressed air from the turbocharger before entering the engine combustion chamber. The paper summarizes the results of a systems analysis study. Calculations assuming a Beech Duke aircraft indicate that fuel savings on the order of 20% are possible. An estimate of the potential for the utilization of hydrogen enrichment to control exhaust emissions indicates that it may be possible to meet the 1979 Federal emission standards. (Author) A77-33393 ff Fuel subsystem characteristics for LH2 air- craft. A. M. Momenthy (Boeing Commercial Airplane Co., Seattle, Wash.). In: World Hydrogen Energy Conference, 1st, Miami Beach, Fla.', March 1-3, 1976, Proceedings. Volume 3. Coral Gables, Fla., University of Miami; New York, Pergamon Press, 1976, p. 5C-87 to 5C-102. Design characteristics of the fuel subsystem for subsonic LH2 (liquid hydrogen) fueled commercial aircraft are discussed in terms of requirements and technology availability. Some of the differences between LH2 systems developed for space vehicles and those required for commercial aircraft are pointed out. Significant areas of 281 A77-33394 technology requiring advancement and long lead time development testing are identified. The material presented reflects the results obtained from a Boeing study covering the development of a candidate fuel subsystem for a 3000 nautical mile range LH2 fueled commercial airplane. (Author) A77-33394 # Development of a liquid hydrogen car. S. Furuhama, M. Hiruma, and Y. Enomoto (Musashi Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan). In: World Hydrogen Energy Conference, 1st, Miami Beach, Fla., March 1-3, 1976, Proceedings. Volume 3. Coral Gables, Fla., University of Miami; New York, Pergamon Press, 1976, p. 6C-27 to 6C-58. 12 refs. The design concept and efficiency of a car provided with liquid hydrogen as the vehicular fuel are described. A Datsun B210 930 kg weight small passenger car was modified into a vehicle with a liquid hydrogen tank. The modifications were made relative to introduction of cold hydrogen gas, mechanical fuel injection into intake port, a two-step fuel control device, control of mixture ratio, improvement of compression ratio, piston ring performance, spark plug and timing, and backfire caused by intake valve seat made of copper alloy. Test results of the modified engine on the bench are discussed. As a result of the complete running of the car on the public road together with usual cars in long distance such as 2800 km, it is demonstrated that liquid hydrogen has a bright future as a carrying medium of automobiles. An ideal system of the liquid-hydrogen car should have a cassette type liquid-hydrogen tank, from which liquid hydrogen is fed to the small-volume high-pressure gas reservoir, and high-pressure hydrogen gas is to be injected into the combustion chamber of the engine. S.D. A77-33395 # Dynamic tests of hydrogen-powered 1C en- gines. R. L. Woolley (Billings Energy Research Corp.. Provo, Utah) and G. J. Germane (Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah). In: World Hydrogen Energy Conference, 1st, Miami Beach, Fla., March 1-3, 1976, .Proceedings. Volume 3. Coral Gables. Fla., University of Miami; New York, Pergamon Press, 1976, p. 6C-59 to 6C-74. 6 refs. Two analyses are performed to investigate the dynamic effect on hydrogen engine efficiency. A speed governed, sawtooth, torque time cycle is proposed for use in checkout and calibration of computer controlled engine test cells. This cycle makes possible comparison of integrated steady-state data with dynamic test results. Integration of available data indicates that a factor of 1.5 (50% improvement) is a valid.number for estimation of hydrogen engine efficiency from a knowledge of gasoline efficiency. Vehicle driving dynamics for a transit vehicle are simulated for a simplified road cycle. An example calculation indicates that the efficiency penalty resulting from the addition of a 4000 Ib metal hydride tank is more than offset by efficiency benefits in the hydrogen engine. In this example, the energy savings with a heavier, hydrogen-powered transit vehicle was predicted to be nearly 30%. (Author) A77-33396 ;; Modification techniques and performance characteristics of hydrogen-powered 1C engines - State of the art, 1975. F. B. Simpson, J. H. Lofthouse, D. R.Swope (Idaho National Engineering Laboratory, Idaho Falls, Idaho), and R. L. Woolley (Billings Energy Research Corp., Provo, Utah). In: World Hydrogen Energy Conference, 1st, Miami Beach, Fla., March 1-3, 1976, Proceedings. Volume 3. Coral Gables, Fla., University of Miami; New York, Pergamon Press, 1976, p. 6C-75 to 6C-95. 31 refs. The past decade has seen renewed interest in hydrogen as a fuel for internal combustion engines due to reduction of automotive pollution in urban areas and due to fuel shortages and dramatic increase in petroleum fuel costs. A result of this renewed interest has been the conversion of a variety of sizes and kinds of internal combustion engines to operate on hydrogen fuel. The paper outlines the engine modification techniques and performance characteristics of hydrogen-fueled engines so that the state of the art can be more readily visualized. Methods of power regulation and other modifica- tions are discussed along with fuel storage systems and some reasons for engine efficiency enhancement with hydrogen fuel. The metal- hydride form of fuel storage in conjunction with an internal combustion engine shows definite advantages in performance, weight, total cost, and refueling time when compared to electric vehicles with battery storage. Hydrogen-air systems can be designed to meet government pollution emission standards. S.D. A77-33397 * # Crash test of a liquid hydrogen automobile. J. G. Finegold (California Institute of Technology, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena; California, University, Los Angeles,-Calif.) and W. D. Van Vorst (California, University, Los Angeles, Calif.). In: World Hydrogen Energy Conference, 1st, Miami Beach, Fla., March 1-3, 1976, Proceedings. Volume 3. Coral Gables, Fla., University of Miami; New York, Pergamon Press, 1976, p. 6C-97 to6C-111. Details of the conversion of a U.S. Postal Service mail truck to hydrogen-fueled operation are given. Specific reference is made to design safety considerations. A traffic accident is described that caused the mail truck (mounted on a trailer) to turn on its side at approximately 20 mph and to finally slide to a stop and turn upside down. No one was injured, and there was essentially no damage to the liquid hydrogen fuel system. The mail truck was driven away from the scene of the accident. Suggestions to insure the safety of hydrogen-fueled experimental vehicles are made. (Author) A77-33398 * Prototype hydrogen automobile using a metal hydride. D. L. Henriksen, D. B. Mackay, and V. R. Anderson (Billings Energy Research Corp., Provo, Utah). In: World Hydrogen Energy Conference, 1st, Miami Beach, Fla., March 1-3, 1976, Proceedings. Volume 3. Coral Gables, Fla., University of Miami; New York, Pergamon Press, 1976, p. 7C-1 to 7C-12. A 1975 Pontiac Grand Ville has been converted to run on hydrogen. This paper presents details of the engine conversion, of the design of the iron-titanium storage system, and of the design of related controls and safety equipment. Engine modifications include increase in compression ratio, conversion of the carburetor for water induction, and changes in the ignition system. Power control is obtained by throttling the air-hydrogen mixture. Waste heat from the engine exhaust is circulated through the hydride tank to drive off hydrogen. Controls are provided for regulating waste heat and hydrogen pressure. The method for recharging the system is also described. (Author) A77-33399 ,-' Automotive hydride tank design. D. . B. Mackay (Billings Energy Research Corp., Provo, Utah). In: World Hydrogen Energy Conference, 1st, Miami Beach, Fla., March 1-3, 1976, Proceedings. Volume 3. Coral Gables, Fla., University of Miami; New York, Pergamon Press, 1976, p. 7C-13 to 7C-23. The paper presents heat exchange data and results from theoretical studies and prototype testing for automotive hydride tanks designed as pressure vessels and heat exchangers. Thermal conductivity of hydrides is analyzed along with heat exchange in hydride-filled tubes and design calculations for heat exchangers. It is shown that a tube bundle with the hydride on the inside appears to be the logical configuration that satisfies the design requirements. The equations derived in the paper, along with pertinent data on heat transfer, can be used to make preliminary designs. S.D. A77-33400 ," A hydrogen-powered mass transit system. R. E. Billings (Billings Energy Research Corp., Provo, Utah). In: World Hydrogen Energy Conference, 1st, Miami Beach, Fla., March 1-3, 1976, Proceedings. Volume 3. Coral Gables, Fla., University of Miami; New York; Pergamon Press, 1976, p. 7C-27 to 7C-40. 18 refs. Hydrogen's application to mass transit systems is considered. A 21-passenger bus is converted to hydrogen using 'a Dodge engine 282 A77-33408 which has been modified for high compression operation. Backfiring and nitric oxide pollution formation are controlled by a water injection technique. Hydrogen fuel storage for the experimental prototype is accomplished by two metal hydride containers using an iron-titanium alloy. Data are presented regarding equipment conver- sion and design, energy resource utilization, economics, and safety. (Author) A77-33401 • ft Use of hydrogen in automotive engines. C. P. Gupta (Roorkee, University, Roorkee, India). In: World Hydrogen Energy Conference, 1st, Miami Beach, Fla., March 1-3, 1976, Proceedings. Volume 3. - Coral Gables, Fla., University of Miami; New York, Pergamon Press, 1976, p. 7C-47 to 7C-70..14refs. From considerations of environmental pollution and precarious supply of hydrocarbon fuels, the use of hydrogen in internal combustion engines is an attractive proposition. The paper reviews the development and present status of this engine with particular reference to automotive applications. Different methods of using hydrogen as automotive engine fuel are examined. It is shown that both-cryogenic and metal hydride storage systems can be-used on a vehicle. The hydrogen-oxygen Rankine cycle power plant, although quite attractive from the standpoint of vehicle weight and range, requires the development of entirely new hardware and a cooled steam turbine. The production, transportation, storage and distribu- tion of hydrogen do not present any serious technical problem, nor does the use of hydrogen fuel in internal combustion engines pose any special safety hazard. ' S.D. A77-33402 H • Hydrogen safety problems. R. Reider and F. J. Edeskuty (California, University, Los Alamos, N. Mex.). In: World Hydrogen Energy Conference, 1st, Miami Beach, Fla., March 1-3, 1976, Proceedings. Volume 3. Coral Gables; Fla:, University of Miami; New York, Pergamon Press, 1976, p. 8C-9 to 8C-15. . . ' , - . - , . . ' In the consideration of widespread.,use of hydrogen as a fuel, low pollution, recyclability and high efficiency are. obvious. ad- vantages. Disadvantages of such use are those of introducing new fuel distribution and use systems including additional investment, prob- lems of fuel storage and the traditional objection of accident hazards. Hazardous situations are discussed in terms of impurities, hydrogen combustion characteristics, asphyxiation and unconfined and con- fined hydrogen/air deflagrations. Effects of cryogenic hydrogen are assessed relative to pressure buildup, condensation, oxygen enrich- ment, and cold injury. Classical techniques in the field of accident prevention will contribute to safety and acceptance of hydrogen as a co'mmon energy form. S.D. A77-33403 ff Commodity hydrogen from off-peak electric- ity.. K. Darrow, N. Biederman, and A. Konopka (IIT Institute of Gas Technology, Chicago, III.). In: World Hydrogen Energy Conference, 1st, Miami Beach, Fla., March 1-3, 1976, Proceedings. Volume 3. Coral Gables, Fla., University of Miami; New York, Pergamon Press, 1976, p. 8C-17 to 8C-45. 10 refs. Research sponsored by the Electric Power Research Institute. This paper considers the use of off-peak electrical power as an energy source for the electrolytic production of hydrogen. The present industrial uses for hydrogen are examined to determine if hydrogen produced in this fashion would be competitive with the industry's onsite production or existing hydrogen prices. The paper presents a technical and economic feasibility analysis of the various components required and of the operation of the system as a whole including production, transmission, storage, and markets. (Author). A77-33404 * H Technical prospects for commercial and resi- dential distribution and utilization of hydrogen. J. Pangborn, M. Scott, and J. Sharer (IIT Institute of Gas Technology, Chicago, III.). In: World Hydrogen Energy Conference, 1st, Miami Beach, Fla., March 1-3, 1976, Proceedings. Volume 3. Coral Gables, Fla., University of Miami; New York, Pergamon Press, 1976, p. 8C-47 to 8C-73. 16 refs. Contract No. NAS8-30757. Various investigators have assumed that hydrogen will be compatible with conventional gas delivery systems and that, with minor modifications, hydrogen can be utilized in existing equipment for heating and cooking. The paper addresses some of the issues of concern in the compatibility of natural gas systems with hydrogen and hydrogen mixtures and identifies areas for which tests, research, or development are appropriate. Requirements to be met by atmospheric burners built for most commercial and residential gas appliances are discussed. Expected modifications to appliances for satisfactory operation with hydrogen are closing the primary air shutters, replacing the burners, adjusting the appliance gas regulator for proper delivery pressure, arid possibly replacing the gas regulator or its vent. ' S.D. A77-33405 * ff Energy storage possibilities of atomic hy- drogen. R. D. Etters (Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Cold.), J. V. Dugan, Jr. (U.S. Congress, Science and Technology Committee, Washington, D.C.), and R. Palmer (NASA, Lewis Research Center, Cleveland, Ohio). In: World Hydrogen Energy Conference, 1st, Miami Beach, Fla., March 1-3, 1976, Proceedings. Volume 3. Coral Gables, Fla., University of Miami; New York, Pergamon Press, 1976, p. 9C-3 to 9C-20. 13 refs. Grant No. NGL-06-002-159. The possibility of storing large amounts of energy in a free radical system such as atomic hydrogen is analyzed. Attention is focused on theoretical calculations of the ground state properties of spin-aligned atomic triplet hydrogen, deuterium, and tritium. The solid-liquid phase transition in atomic hydrogen is also examined. S.D. A77-33406 ff An examination of the stirred reactor as a tool for the determination of rate constants of the H2-O2 combustion reactions. M. Rashidi (Arya 'Mehr, University of Technology, Teheran, Iran) and G. A. Karim (Calgary, University; Calgary, Alberta, Canada). In: World Hydrogen Energy Conference, 1st, Miami Beach, Fla., March 1-3, 1976, Proceedings. Volume *3'. 'Coral Gables, Fla., University of Miami; New York, Pergamon Press, 1976, p. 9C-21 to 9C-36. 33 refs.'Research supported by the Science Research Council. A77-33407 ff A consideration of catalytic effects on Pt-Pt/Rh thermocouples in combustion systems involving hydrogen as a fuel. G. A. Karim (Calgary, University, Calgary, Alberta, Canada), M. V. D'Souza (National Research Council, Div: of Building Research, Ottawa,.Canada), S. L. Khanna (Saskatchewan, University, Saskatoon, Canada), and M. Rashidi (Arya Mehr University of Technology, Tehran, Iran). In: World Hydrogen Energy Conference, 1st, Miami Beach, Fla., March 1-3, 1976, Proceedings. Volume'3. Coral Gables, Fla., University of Miami; New York, Pergamon Press, 1976, p. 9C-37 to 9C-42. 8 refs. Measurements of the temperature of combustion systems by thermocouples are often in error, caused primarily by the difference between the local temperature of the gas and the mean temperature actually attained by the thermocouple junction. These errors are discussed with reference to those which result-from catalytic effects involving the widely used Pt-Pt/Rh thermocouples in combustion systems utilizing hydrogen as a fuel. It is suggested that sheathing the thermocouple junction in very thin quartz tubing offers the most effective preventative for these errors. M.L. A77-33408 ft On the storage of hydrogen by use of cryo- adsorbents. C. Carpetis and W. Peschka (Deutsche Forschungs- und Versuchsanstalt fur Luft- und Raumfahrt, Institut fiir Energie- wandlung und Elektrische Antriebe, Stuttgart, West Germany). In: World Hydrogen Energy Conference, 1st, Miami Beach, Fla., March 1-3, 1976, Proceedings. Volume 3. Coral Gables, Fla., University of Miami; New York, Pergamon Press, 1976,. p. 9C-45 to 9C-54. . ' • A future hydrogen economy would require an efficient storage system for large quantities of.hydrogen. The use of adsorbent materials such as liquid hydrogen, activated carbon, or nickel silicate 283 A77-33409 is studied at cryogenic temperatures in the liquid nitrogen range and at pressures up to 60 bar. Hydrogen storage densities comparable to the density of liquid hydrogen are obtained. Storage efficiencies and energy consumption for systems using different adsorbents are estimated. Also discussed is the extent to which the storage efficiency could be increased by regenerative heat exchange. M.L. A77-33409 // Reciprocating pump for conversion of liquid hydrogen to high pressure gaseous hydrogen, j. S. Meserole, Jr. and P. C. T. de Boer (Cornell University, Ithaca,. N.Y.). In: World Hydrogen Energy Conference, 1st, Miami Beach, Fla., March 1-3, 1976. Proceedings. Volume 3. Coral Gables, Fla., University of Miami; New York, Pergamon Press, 1976, p. 9C-55 to 9C-69. 20 refs. Research supported by the U.S. Department pf Transportation. The design, construction, and testing of a reciprocating pump for converting cryogenic liquid hydrogen stored at relatively low pressure to gas at high pressure is described. The pump can be driven by ambient or waste heat and does not require any electrical or mechanical power. A prototype was tested with liquid nitrogen. It is thought that the typical output pressure of 0.3 MPa absolute and the maximum output pressure of 1.3 MPa absolute can be increased to.7 MPa by modifying the pump. A thermodynamic analysis is presented of the expander cycle on which the device is based. M.L. A77-33410 /;' Hydrogen energy - Its potential promises and problems. G. D. Sauter (California, University, Livermore, Calif.). In: World Hydrogen Energy Conference, 1st, Miami Beach, Fla., March 1-3, 1976, Proceedings. Volume 3. Coral Gables, Fla., University of Miami; New'York, Pergamon Press, 1976, p. 1C;5 to 1C-12. Contract No. W-7405-eng-48. The prospects for developing the use of hydrogen as a secondary fuel are discussed. Topics considered include: progress in improving thermochemical and electrolytic production of hydrogen, trans- portation of hydrogen in pipelines, differences in the combustion of 'hydrogen and natural gas, environmental and safety concerns (leaks through gas-tight fittings, low ignition energy), and the capital outlay req'uired for widespread use of hydrogen. It is suggested that hydrogen will be a significant factor in future energy technology, but that the expansion of its role will be gradual. M.L. A77-33411 # Analysis of a Delphi study on hydrogen. P. Valfitte, L. Valette, and M. Siebker (S.C.I.E.N.C.E., Brussels, Belgium). In: World Hydrogen Energy Conference, 1st, Miami Beach, Fla., March 1-3, 1976, Proceedings. Volume 3. Coral Gables, Fla., University of Miami; New York, Pergamon Press, 1976, p. 1C-13 to 1C-26. •A questionnaire survey of energy experts on the future potential use of hydrogen in energy projects is reported. The survey relied on the Delphi method, which consists of iterative consultation with individual respondents, none of whom know the identity of other participants. In the second and third mailings of a series of three mailings, the respondent receives the original questionnaire along with information on the median and interquartile range of all previous responses, and is asked whether he would like to modify or justify his previous individual responses. In this survey, questions were asked concerning the extent of expected development of hydrogen production, transportation, storage, and consumption by 1985 and by 2000. The response data, which include the estimate that hydrogen would account for 5% of energy consumption by 2000, are presented. .M.L. A77-33412 ;/' ERDA's hydrogen programs. A. R. Landgrebe (ERDA. Washington, D.C.). In: World Hydrogen Energy Conference, 1st, Miami Beach, Fla., March 1-3, 1976, Proceedings. Volume 3. Coral Gables, Fla., University of Miami; New York, Pergamon Press, 1976, p. 1C-27 to 1C-43. 16 refs. ERDA research projects concerning the production or use. of hydrogen as a fuel are discussed. A steam-iron plant for producing hydrogen is described and research on water electrolytic, thermo- chemical, and photochemical methods of hydrogen production is reported.-End-use applications of hydrogen which are being studied by ERDA include: load-leveling in utilities, electrical generation, substitution for natural gas, and automotive applications. It is suggested that the most likely use of hydrogen in the near future will be as a medium for delivering nuclear-derived energy as a supplement for natural gas. Environmental effects and the favorable features of hydrogen as a component of energy programs are summarized. M.L. A77-33413 * # The NASA Hydrogen Energy Systems Tech- nology study - A summary. E. A. Laumann (California Institute of Technology, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif.). In: World Hydrogen Energy Conference, 1st, Miami Beach, Fla., March 1-3, 1976, Proceedings. Volume 3. Coral Gables, Fla., University of Miami; New York, Pergamon Press, 1976, p. 1C-45 to 1C-59. Contract No. NAS7-100. This study is concerned with: hydrogen use, alternatives and comparisons, hydrogen production, factors affecting application, and technology requirements. Two scenarios for future use are explained. One is called the reference hydrogen use scenario and assumes continued historic uses of hydrogen along with additional use for coal gasification and liquefaction, consistent with the Ford technical fix baseline (1974) projection. The expanded scenario relies on the nuclear electric economy (1973) energy projection and assumes the addition of limited new uses such as experimental hydrogen-fueled aircraft, some mixing with natural gas, and energy storage by utilities. Current uses and supply of hydrogen are described, and the technological requirements for developing new methods of hydrogen production are discussed. M.L. A77-33414 ft Technology impact assessment of the hy- drogen economy concept - Key findings. E. M. Dickson (Stanford Research Institute, Menlo Park. Calif.). In: World Hydrogen Energy Conference, 1st, Miami Beach, Fla., March 1-3. 1976, Proceedings. Volume 3. Coral Gables, Fla., University of Miami; New York, Pergamon Press, 1976, p. 2C-5 to 2C-16. NSF-sponsored research. A series of research and development goals with relevance for hydrogen economy studies are suggested. Methods of evaluating investment requirements during a transition to a hydrogen economy are discussed. The effects of a federal decision either to enhance or to diminish or to be neutral about the use of hydrogen are analyzed. A pro-hydrogen governmental policy might lead to the use of hydrogen for long-distance domestic commercial aviation, electric utility load-leveling, and nuclear steelmaking with hydrogen used for iron ore reduction. M.L. A77-33415 f Will the large-scale production of hydrogen be part of the energy problem or part of its solution. G. D. Sauter (California, University, Livermore, Calif.). In: World Hydrogen Energy Conference, 1st, Miami Beach, Fla., March 1-3, 1976, Proceedings. Volume 3. Coral Gables, Fla., University of Miami; New York, Pergamon Press, 1976, p. 2C-17 to 2C-32. 5 refs. Contract No. W-7405-eng-48. The energy dynamics of nuclear reactors as a means of generating hydrogen are discussed since it is assumed that, at least initially, the large-scale production of hydrogen from water, either by electrolysis or thermochemical splitting, will rely on nuclear reactors as a primary energy source. The following questions are considered: what would be the energy cost of developing a given system; will it produce more energy than it costs, or will it be a net drain on the troubled energy economy; and given that the system will produce net energy, will the energy be produced in adequate amounts and in a timely fashion. The analysis of the impact of development by the year 2000 of the capacity to generate annually the amount of hydrogen which has the heat content of the natural gas consumed in" the'U.S. in 1970 suggests that nuclear reactors, rather than hydrogen, would be the energy storage mechanism. M.L. 284 A77-33430 A77-33416 # The Greenland hydropower as a source of electrolytic hydrogen. U. La Roche (Brown, Boveri et Cie. AG, Baden, Switzerland). In: World Hydrogen Energy Conference, 1st. Miami Beach, Fla., March 1-3. 1976, Proceedings. Volume 3. Coral Gables, Fla., University of Miami; New York, Pergamon Press, 1976, p. 2C-33 to 2C-42. 12 refs. A preliminary assessment of the hydropower potential of Greenland is provided. In summer, ice moving towards the coast reaches a peripheral ablation zone where ablation occurs, producing both icebergs and water. Water in the peripheral ablation zone flows mostly through an icefree coastal zone which is about 400 to 800 m above sea level. Numerous natural lakes can be used for water storage. If a means could be found to lift water to the level of nunataks, which are mountains rising above the ice field, drops of 1000 to 2000 m above sea level would be available. The water supply could be increased by artificially decreasing the albedo. It is suggested that electrical energy produced by hydropower could be used to synthesize ammonia which could be transported by LNG tankers. Hydrogen would then be generated from the ammonia as needed. Energy cost estimates and estimates of recoverable hydro- power are provided. M.L. A77-33417 ,'/' Hydrogen in the seaward advancement of industrial societies. J. A. Hanson (Oceanic Institute, Waimanalo, Hawaii). In: World Hydrogen Energy Conference, 1st, Miami Beach, Fla., March 1-3, 1976, Proceedings. Volume 3. Coral Gables, Fla., University of Miami; New York, Pergamon Press, 1976, p. 2C-43 to 2C-54. 35 refs. It is suggested that offshore urban industrial complexes be designed in conjunction with offshore production of hydrogen, which can be used as fuel. Commercial ocean development of cities is discussed, with attention directed to Ecofisk City, the North Sea petroleum base. Some offshore projects that could use hydrogen as an energy source, and thereby obviate the cost of transporting hydrogen to land, include waste recycling, open sea mariculture,-and auxiliary power experiments involving waves, solar radiation,-or wind. • _' . M.L. A77-33418 * # Hydrogen use projections and supply options. R. Ma'nvi and T. Fujita (California Institute of Technology, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif.). In: World Hydrogen Energy Conference, 1st, Miami Beach, Fla., March 1-3, .1976, Proceedings. Volume 3. Coral 'Gables, Fla., University of Miami; New York, Pergamon Press, 1976, p. 3C-3 to 3C-26. Contract No. NAS7-100. Two projections of future hydrogen demand, based on the Ford technical fix and the Westinghouse nuclear electric economy energy supply and demand scenarios, are analyzed. It is suggested that hydrogen use will increase during the remainder of this century by at least a factor of five, and perhaps by a factor of twenty. Primary energy sources for producing hydrogen are discussed in terms of the transition from low to high demand for hydrogen. ..: . M.L. A77-33419 * Economics of nuclear-electrolytic hydrogen. S. Kakac (Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey) and T. N. Veziroglu (Miami, University, Coral Gables, Fla.). In: World Hy- drogen Energy Conference, 1st, Miami Beach, Fla., March 1-3, 1976, Proceedings. Volume 3. Coral Gables, Fla., University of Miami; New York, Pergamon Press, 1976, p. 3C-27 to 3C-45. 14 refs. An economic analysis of the future role of nuclear energy is offered. The use of electrolytically produced hydrogen would, it is suggested, provide an economical means of storing and transmitting energy generated by nuclear power plants. Hydrogen production and the economics of nuclear power plants in comparison with coal plants are discussed. M.L. A77-33420 ft Hydrogen in the energy system of the Nether- lands. A. J. Bogers and W. van Deelen (Centrale Orgariisatie yoqr foegepast-Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek, Apeldoorn, Nether- lands). In: World Hydrogen Energy Conference, 1st, Miami Beach, fila., March 1-3, 1976, Proceedings. Volume 3. Coral Gables, Fla., University of Miami; New York, Pergamon Press, 1976, p. 3C-47 to 3C-65. An analysis of the Dutch energy system and of possible shifts away from reliance on imported oil is provided. The main drawback of relying exclusively on electricity produced by nuclear energy or wind energy is that this electricity cannot be stored in large quantities. From the viewpoint of capital costs, a system based on both electricity and hydrogen as the main energy carriers is considered preferrable to a system based on either electricity or hydrogen alone. Hydrogen could be stored in small- and medium- sized natural gas wells after the natural gas has been removed, and existing natural gas lines could be used for transfer of hydrogen. In this analysis, electrolytic methods of hydrogen production are preferred over thermochemical methods for reasons of cost, safety, reliability, and purity of product. Modes of hydrogen utilization are discussed. A timetable for introducing hydrogen into the energy system is presented. M.L. A77-33421 # A simplified equilibrium model of the U.S. energy-economic system and its use in comparing alternatives. H. J. Plass, Jr. (Miami, University, Coral Gables,-Fla.). In: World Hydrogen Energy Conference, 1st, Miami Beach, Fla., March 1-3, 1976, Proceedings. Volume 3. Coral Gables, Fla., University of Miami; New York, Pergamon Press, 1976, p. 3C-75 to $C-98. 11 refs. A simplified model of the U.S. energy-economic system is developed using published data on energy flows, labor employed, and dollar flows. The energy system, usually divided into the sectors in industry, electric power, residential-commercial, and transportation is: restructured into a three-sector.model including extraction and .production.,of energy resources, production of goods and services, and consumption of fuels, goods and services. Effects on fuel used, employment, and standard of living of various alternatives are examined, including high prices of imported fuel, technological improvements, solar energy for space and water heating, .and hydrogen fuel for transportation. (Author) A77-33422 l! Possible pollution and cost analysis from wide use of hydrogen fuel in transportation. S. P. Chakravarty (South- ampton University, Southampton, tngland) and.K. S. Varde (Mich- igan, University, Dearborn, Mich.). In: World. Hydrogen Energy Conference, 1st,- Miami Beach, Fla., March 1-3, 1976, Proceedings. Volume 3. Coral Gables, Fla., University of Miami; New York, Pergamon Press, 1976, p. 4C-5 to 4C-17. 19 refs. Research supported by the University of Michigan. : Over the 'past few years considerable effort has been directed at developing alternate forms of energy that could be easily adapted to surface transportation. One of such fuels that has received wide attention is hydrogen. The potential of hydrogen fuel for internal combustion engines is analyzed and compared with gasoline fuel from the standpoint of pollution and engine efficiency. A sequential approach is outlined which provides a means to predict cost benefits of using hydrogen. Hydrogen engine can be operated around an equivalence ratio of 0.50 with low nitric oxide emission and high efficiency. ' ' S.D. A77-33430 //' Use of transparent heat reflecting coatings in solar energy converters (Ispol'zovanie prozrachnykh teplootrazhaiu- shchikh pokrytii v preobrazovateliakh solnechnoi energii). M. M. Koltun and Sh. A. Faiziev (Akademiia Nauk Uzbekskoi SSR, Fiziko-T.ekhnicheskii Institut, Tashkent, Uzbek SSR). Ge/iotekhnika, no. 1, 1977, p. 28-31. 11 refs. In Russian. The paper describes the optical characteristics (integrated transmission coefficient and integrated coefficient of thermal emission) of ZnS-Ag-ZnS coatings on substrates of glass and polymeric film. The coating finds application in the annealing of the 285 A77-33431 radiation defects of silicon solar cells and as a heat-reflecting layer in high-voltage photoelectric converters. B.J. A77-33431 I! Combination of focusing concentrators and focusing lenses (Sochetanie fokonov i foklinov s priemnikami izlucheniia). V. K. Baranov. Geliotekhnika, no. 1, 1977, p. 32-37.8 refs. In Russian. The paper describes solar collectors which operate in conjunc- tion with focusing concentrators and focusing lenses. It is shown that binary systems consisting of focusing concentrators and lenses connected by small apertures can be used to reduce the angle of exit of rays from the system. The use of this binary system reduces the geometrical coefficient of concentration, but also reduces the angle of exit of rays from the system. B.J. ,/ A77-33432 # The use of lasers for the inspection of helio- technical reflectors (Primenenie lazerov dlia kontrolia gelio- tekhnicheskjkh otrazhatelei). R. A. Zakhidov, P. A. Panov, and V. N. Sokolov (Akademiia Nauk Uzbekskoi SSR, Tsentral'noe Proektno; Konstruktorskoe i Tekhnologicheskoe Biuro Nauchnogo Priboro; stroeniia, Uzbek SSR). Geliotekhnika, no. 1, 1977, p. 38-41. 7 refs. In Russian. The paper describes the application of laser beam diagnostics to the inspection of the accuracy of a solar reflecting surface. The system uses the LG-75 helium-neon laser at 6328 A, with an output power of 25 mW; the collimator has amplifications of 30 and 60 times. The configuration of focal spots of separate facets of a paraboloidal collector inspected by the laser system is presented. B.J. A77-33433 ;/ Paraboloid-hyperboloid concentrating systems and their accuracy (Paraboloid-giperboloidnye kontsentriruiushchie sistemy i ikh tochnost'). R. A. Zakhidov and A. A. Vainer (Akademiia Nauk Uzbekskoi SSR, Fiziko-Tekhnicheskii Institut, Tashkent, Uzbek SSR). Geliotekhnika, no. 1, 1977, p..42-49. 10 refs. In Russian. , , A general' method is presented for calculating the distribution of the radiant vector in paraboloid-hyperboloid solar concentrating systems. An investigation of the accuracy, characteristics of systems with concave hyperboloid surfaces establishes that the accuracy of such systems is almost totally determined by the accuracy of the primary mirror. B.J. A77-33434 ft Combined cycles in single circuit solar re- frigerating systems (O sopriazhennykh tsiklakh odnokonturnykh solnechnykh energokholodil'nykh ustanovok). V. A. Grilikhes, V. S. Evseev, and V. V. Chikovani. Geliotekhnika, no. 1, 1977, p. 50-58. 17 refs. In Russian. The possibility of realizing more than one thermodynamic cycle in single circuit thermal energy systems is discussed from the standpoints of topology and thermodynamics. Attention is given to the general characteristics of using combined cycles in solar refrigerating systems with radiant energy concentrators and radiative heat transfer into the ambient medium. B.J. A77-33435 ," Statistical investigation of the operational ef- ficiency of solar and evaporative cooling devices in Turkmenian conditions (Statisticheskoe issledovanie effektivnosti raboty sol- nechnykh i isparitel'nykh okhladitelei v usloviiakh Turkmenii). A. Rakhmanov, A. Khanduryev, A. Kakabaev, M. Goshdzhanov, and M. Annanazarov (Akademiia Nauk Turkmenskoi SSR, Fiziko-Tekhni- cheskii Institut, Ashkhabad, Turkmen SSR). Geliotekhnika, no. 1, 1977, p. 59-64. 5 refs. In Russian. A77-33445 Applied solar energy: An introduction /2nd edition/. A. B. Meinel and M. P. Meinel (Arizona, University, Tucson, Ariz.). Research supported by the Mulcahy Foundation, Helio Associates Corporate Research Funds, and NSF; NSF Grants No. GI-30022; No. GI-36731; No. GI-41895. Reading, Mass., Addison- Wesley Publishing Co., Inc., 1977. 667 p. 177 refs. $17.95. After a brief review of the history of solar energy applications, the book considers the energy resource, giving attention to solar flux and weather data and solar energy availability. The optics of solar collection is examined in detail with consideration of luminance, refractive optics, mirror optics, fixed-mirror collectors, and optical surfaces. Absorption, transfer and storage are discussed and such applications as thermodynamic utilization cycles, and.direct con- version to electricity are examined. ' B.J. A77-33496 The future outlook for U.S. electricity supply and demand. M. L. Baughman (Texas, University, Austin, Tex.) and P. L. Joskow (MIT, Cambridge, Mass.). IEEE, Proceedings, vol. 65, Apr. 1977, p. 549-561. 28 refs. Research supported by the Ford Foundation; NSF Grant No. SIA-73-07871A02. In this paper we assess the prospects of the United States' electric utility industry from now.to 1995. The methodology employed is a mathematical model of electricity supply and demand that has been constructed to analyze the future behavior of .the industry in response to changing resource and regulatory parameters. A set of supply and demand projections derived from the model is compared and contrasted with other recently published and publicly available forecasts. Among the uncertainties in the future outlook discussed in this paper are the absence of a clear ability to attract the capital necessary to finance orderly expansion, the difficulties in closing the fuel cycle, and the continuing decline in average:to-peak load ratios. (Author) / A77-33522 Summary of 1976 geothermal drilling - Western United States. J. L. Smith, C. F. Isselhardt, and J. S. Matlick (Republic Geothermal, Inc., Santa Fe Springs, Calif.). Geothermal Energy, vol. 5, May 1977, p. 8, 9, 11-13, 15-17. A77-33523 Present status of resources development. L. J. P. Muffler (U.S. Geological Survey, Menlo Park, Calif.). Geothermal Energy, vol. 5, May 1977, p. 18-30. 24 refs. Geoheat exploration and exploitation in recent years is sum- marized on a world scale. The survey includes separate discussions of geoheat resources and development in: Italy, U.S.A., Japan, Iceland, Mexico, Central America and Caribbean, South America, Turkey, New Zealand, East Africa, Indonesia, India, Eastern Europe arid USSR, Philippines and Taiwan,' and Azores. Discrepancies between data on fields discovered and actual commercial exploitation, and between electrical capacity data and direct geoheat utilization, are indicated. Information is provided on sites, field capacities, depths of drillings, geoheat formations and field development policies. Sites are indicated on regional maps. R.D.V. A77-33524 An update of world geothermal energy devel- opment. T. Meidav, S. Sanyal, and G. Facca (Geonomics, Inc., Berkeley, Calif.). Geothermal Energy, vol. 5, May 1977, p. 30-34. • The current status of geothermal development in a number of countries is summarized. Figures on current and expected geothermal electrical power capacity made available by governmental agencies or research institutions. Brief summaries (updated as of Dec. 1976) are presented on: Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama, Argentina, Brazil, Portugal (Azores), Spain, Sweden, Britain, Yugoslavia, Israel, Jordan, and Fiji. R.D.V. A77-33525 Potential land subsidence at geothermal devel- opment sites. E. J. Finnemore. Geothermal Energy, vol. 5, May 1977, p. 35-39. 5 refs. NSF Grant No. AER-75-17298. Mechanisms and results of the impact of geothermal subsidence on various local surface features and structures are discussed. Compaction and fracture closing are considered the most likely contributors to geothermal subsidence. Characteristics suitable as indicators of subsidence potential are identified from site geology, fluid, reservoir, and material parameters. Available rudimentary geothermal subsidence models are mentioned. Injection is acknowl- 286 A77-33616 edged the best Available subsidence control measure, but shortages of injection fluid are noted. Joint use of analogy and analysis for subsidence predictions is recommended. R.D.V. A77-33526 # Studies on the energy system of Hokkaido. I - First attempt: Model-l. II - Various data and their basis. Ill - Simulations by Model-l. J. Hasegawa, K.-l. Nishiya. K. Murai, and Y. Satoh. Hokkaido University, Faculty of Engineering, Bulletin, vol. 83, Mar. 1977, p. 89-99. 101-111, 113-122. 24 refs. In Japanese, with abstract in English. The three-part article takes up the Model-l developed by the authors for'analysis and optimization of the Hokkaido area energy system, interrelations of the Hokkaido energy system and other regional systems (economic, environmental, and social aspects), and presents numerical results derived from Model-l simulation. Model-l is a static linear-programming model entertaining 192 variables, 46 equality constraints, and 28 inequality constraints, with about 6% density. The model leaves dynamic behavior of the energy system out of account. All data reported are referable to 1974 (calendar year). Estimates of supplies and demands of energy sources, conversion efficiencies, costs, and pollutant emissions (SOx, NOx, dust) are reported. R.D.V. A77-33529 Recovering metal from trash. E. Schloemann (Raytheon Co., Research Div., Waltham, Mass.). Electronic Progress, vol. 19, Spring 1977, p. 20-26. 8 refs. Equipment used to recover metal in a resource recovery plant is described. An electromagnetic metal separator has a long ramp in which permanent magnetic strips of alternating -polarity are em- bedded at an angle of approximately 45 deg to the ramp axis. Under the influence of the electric eddy currents induced in magnetic particles moving through the magnetic field, the metallic particles are deflected from the stream of nonmetallic particles and are separately collected. A self-cleaning metal separator was designed to recover composite products containing both metal and nonmetal. These objects with residual magnetism tended to stick to the surface of the electromagnetic separator. In the self-cleaning separator, the objects stick to a steel sheet which moves sideways, which permits separation and recovery. A rotary-drum metal separator is described for which the recovery efficiency and the grade of the recovered product is high but'the throughput capacity low. It is suggested that resource recovery plants of the future will operate several ramp metal separators as a first stage and a large rotary-drum metal separator as a second stage for cleaning up the middling fraction of the primary stage. . ' M.L. A77-33544 Nonisothermal hydrogen-induced desulfuriza- tion of coal (Nichtisotherme Entschwefelung von Steinkohlen mit Wasserstoff). H. Baumann, J. Klein, and .H. Jiintgen (Bergbau- Forschung GmbH, Essen, West Germany). Erdol und Kohle Erdgas Petrochemie vereinigt mit Brennstoff-Chemie, vol. 30, Apr. 1977, p. 159-164. 29 refs. In German. Research supported by the Bundes- ministerium ftir Wirtschaft. The temperature dependence of sulfur removal from coal in the form of H2S, via a hydrodesulfurization process using nonisothermal experimental techniques, is examined. The effect of the partial pressure of hydrogen and of coal rank on desulfurization is studied. Low-rank coals release the bulk of their organic sulfur at tempera- tures below 500 C, even in the absence of hydrogen, but anthracites give up organic sulfur above 600 C via reactions with hydrogen. A reaction setting in at 800 C binds the sulfur to the coal, with hydrodesulfurization rendered difficult when the temperature is subsequently raised to 1000 C. Kinetic and thermodynamic data on reactions of pyrite and H2, and FeS and H2, are reported. R.D.V. A77-33545 Emissions from compressor stations (Emis- sionen von Verdichterstationen). U. W. Binder, H. Ackermann, and K. Seubert (Ruhrgas AG, Essen, West Germany). Erdol und Kohle Erdgas Petrochemie vereinigt'mit Brennstoff-Chemie, vol. 30, Apr. 1977; p. 165-172. 8 refs. In German. Emphasis is placed on noise emissions and vibrations emanating from compressor stations, since emission of pollutants is considered less of a general problem in the case of compressor stations (particularly if natural gas is employed as fuel). Arrangements for damping and suppression of noise and vibration are discussed and illustrated. , R.D.V. A77-33596 Evaluating a combined wind power/energy storage system. W. H. Coste (Massachusetts Audubon Society, Mass.) and M. Lotker (Northeast Utilities Service Co., Hartford, Conn.). Power Engineering, vol. 81, May 1977, p. 48-51. A methodology for analyzing the economic costs and benefits of a system which combines energy storage with wind-driven power generators is presented. The advantages of such a system are that, with sufficient storage, energy could be delivered on demand with minimal environmental impact and without depleting the source of energy. A computer model has been developed to optimize the amount of storage and generating capacity for a particular location, and has been applied to the study of a site at Waterford, Conn. In general, the model suggests that combined wind power and storage systems are capable of producing reliable, albeit costly, power at all capacity factors with a reasonable availability. Sites with average wind speed in excess of 15 mph might be required for economic viability. M.L. A77-33598 The chemical conversion of sunlight. M. S. Wrighton (MIT, Cambridge, Mass.). Technology Review, vol. 79, May 1977, p. 30-37. 10 refs. Photochemical conversion is explored as a possible solution to the problem of storage of intermittently available solar energy. The advantages of photoelectrochemical cells utilizing semiconductor electrodes immersed in liquid electrolytes are examined, and cell efficiencies are discussed. Thermodynamic stability of photoinduced electrolysis, band bending as a barrier to charge recombination, charge separation, and the search for photoassistance agents to absorb sunlight by photoelectrochemical means are discussed. Con- trolling factors for interfacial electron transfer rates are seen as a major research target. Applications in large-scale power stations and transportation system power plants are envisaged. R.D.V. A77-33600 The politics of urban transportation innova- tion. A. Altshuler (MIT, Cambridge; Mass.). Technology Review, vol. 79, May 1977, p. 50-58. 8 refs. U.S. Department of Transportation Contract No. OS-50240. Underlying mechanisms of political responses (by the general public and by elected officials at various levels) to funding of highway systems and mass transit systems, and changes in large-scale urban traffic patterns, are explored. Reasons for the recent political attractiveness of mass transit programs, the likely proportions of increase in riders per dollar spent on mass transit and likely tangible results re pollution and fuel use, and limitations on the effectiveness of innovative alternatives (carpooling, vanpooling, demand-responsive urban transit, individual auto travel disincentives), are discussed, and mass transit prospects by rail and by bus are evaluated. Pdlitical palatability of measures is tied to who pays the bill (industry, public) and who shoulders the blame (industry, elected officials). The best outlook is seen in automotive technological improvements (emissions, fuel efficiency, safety) and in rationalized traffic manage- ment. R.D.V. A77-33616 Composite technology - The boom is under way. D. J. Hoffstedt (Boeing Vertol Co., Philadelphia, Pa.). Verti- f/ite, vol. 23, Mar.-Apr. 1977, p. 6. 7. The state of the art in rotorcraft composite materials and barriers to acceptance of those materials in industry are assessed. Weight-saving goals cost competitiveness, and research/design require- ments are considered. Development status of composites for various rotorcraft subsystems and components are characterized briefly: rotor blades, rotor hubs, landing gear, tail rotor, tail boom. 287 A77-33708 horizontal stabilizer, secondary structure, tail rotor drive shafting,' transmission cases, primary airframe, flight control elements, engine components. R.D.V. A77-33708 Laser anemometry in high velocity, high temperature boundary layers. S. A. Self (Stanford University, Stanford, Calif.). In: Combustion measurements: Modern techniques and instrumentation; Proceedings of the SQUID Workshop, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Ind., May 22, 23, 1975. ' New York, Academic Press, Inc.; Washington, D.C., Hemisphere Publishing Corp., 1976, p. 103-107. > A laser anemometer has been developed to measure the profiles of average velocity and turbulence in the electrode wall boundary layers of the Stanford 2 MW and 8 MW MHO systems. The experiments called for measurements of high spatial resolution (0.01 mm) close to the electrode wall in hot, turbulent, high velocity gases in which there were negligible scattering centers naturally present. : B:J. A77-33710 Boundary layer measurements of temperature and electron number density profiles in a combustion MHD generator. J. W. Daily and C. H. Kruger (Stanford University, Stanford, Calif.). In: Combustion measurements: Modern techniques and instrumentation; Proceedings of the SQUID Workshop, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Ind., May 22, 23, 1975. - New York, Academic Press, Inc.; Washington, D.C., Hemisphere Publishing Corp., 1976, p. 119-126. U.S. Department of the Interior Contract No. DI-14-32-001-1227; NSF Grants No. ENG-73-04116A01; No. AER-72-03487; Contract No. F33615-72-C-1088. Spectroscopy was applied to boundary layer measurements in an WIND generator. The gas temperature was measured using the sodium D line wing reversal method. The electron density was measured using the absolute and relative intensities of nonresonant potassium .lines originating from high lying electronic levels which are in collisional equilibrium with the free electrons. B.J. A77-33755 . Economics of alternative energy sources. M. Ryle (Cambridge University, Cambridge, England). Nature, vol. 267, May 12, 1977, p. 111-117. 29 refs. . . Partly because of large fluctuations in demand, the replacement of oil and gas fuels currently used to heat buildings in the UK by nuclear-generated electricity would seem to require the construction .of about 250 GW of additional capacity by the end of the century, which does not seem feasible. If short-term (150-hour) energy storage in the form of heat is developed to a sufficient extent, the generating capacity required to fulfill peak demand could be reduced by half. With the same amount of short-term storage, however, other sources of energy, obtained from wind, wave, or tidal power, might become viable alternatives. It is suggested that the value of North Sea oil and gas to the chemical industry should lead, for economic reasons, to an early reduction in their consumption as fuel. M:L. A77-33799 A minority carrier MIS solar cell. D. y convective property variations whereas the pressure signals indicated acoustic oscillations. RMS values, frequency spectra, and cross-correlations for the pressure and voltage fluctuations are presented. At large current-magnetic field inter- actions, large increases (up to a factor of 4) in pressure fluctuations were observed at low frequencies (less than 100 Hz). (Author) A77-39560 # A consideration of . some three-dimensional effects in MHD channel. V. A. Bitiurin, V. N. Zatelepin (Akademiia Nauk SSSR, Nauchno-lssledovatel'skii Institut Vysokikh Tempe'ra- tur, Moscow, USSR), and G. A. Liubimov (Moskovskii Gosudarstven- nyi Universitet, Moscow, USSR). In: Symposium on the Engineering Aspects of Magnetohydrodynamics, 16th, Pittsburgh, Pa., May '16-18, 1977, Proceedings. (A77-39526 18-75) Pittsburgh, Pa., Energy Research and Development Administration, .1977, p. VII.6.34-VII.6.38. 10 refs. A study of the occurrence of intensive and essentially three- dimensional secondary flow in linear MHD channels is presented. Such secondary flow may occur as a result of non-potentiality of the body-force. The non-potential component of the Lorentz force may be large enough, for example, under conditions typical of large-scale combustion driven MHD generator with the diagonal-conducting side . walls. An analysis of the flow pattern for incompressible fluid case is carried out on the base of some model distributions of the flow parameters in the first order approximation on the MHD interaction number. (Author) A77-39561 ff Electrode phenomena in slagging MHD chan- nels. S. Petty, A. Demirjian, and A. Solbes (Avco Everett Research Laboratory, Inc., Everett, Mass.). In: Symposium on the Engineering Aspects of Magnetohydrodynamics, 16th, Pittsburgh, Pa., May 16-18, 1977, Proceedings. (A77-39526 18-75) Pittsburgh, Pa., Energy Research and Development Administration, 1977, p. VIII.1.1-VIII.1.12. 6 refs. ERDA-supported research. A theoretical and experimental study of electrode phenomena as •they relate to the interfacial current transport in slagging MHD 'channels is presented. An analytical study of the stability of the current transport in the vicinity of electrode walls is given. The critical current density for arcing is shown to depend on the temperature of the plasma or slag-wall interface as well as the unperturbed temperature gradient. Generator studies of the current transport process incfude voltage drop measurements and visual studies of the current transport to anodes and cathodes. The effect of slag and of the magnetic field are discussed. The wall processes in generators are studied. The degradation characteristics of various anode and cathode materials and designs are evaluated. Long duration MHD channel tests indicate that massive, low temperature metallic current collectors of sufficient thermal diffusivity can operate as cathodes in the arcing regime without any appreciable degradation. Materials of low thermal diffusivity exhibit substantial arc erosion in the absence of slag. Oxidation rather than arc damage is the main degradation process for anode elements^The use of high thermal diffusivity materials appears to minimize the degradation process. . (Author) A77-39562 # Slag flow and current transport in a simulated generator environment. D. B. Stickler and R. De Saro (Avco Everett Research Laboratory, Inc., Everett, Mass.). In: Symposium on the Engineering Aspects of Magnetohydrodynamics, 16th, Pittsburgh, Pa., May 16-18, 1977, Proceedings. (A77-39526 18-75) Pittsburgh, Pa., Energy Research and Development Administration, 1977, p. VIII.2.13-VIII.2.20. 12 refs. Research supported by the Electric Power Research Institute. Steady state and transient slag flow behavior is discussed in terms, of a range of system variables. Flow field, combustor stoichiometry, and feed composition were varied in a parametric manner to obtain data on slagging rate and steady state conditions. Results are generally consistent with expectations based on theory. A preliminary test of MHD channel performance dependence on slag composition was also made, with overall results qualitatively con- sistent with slag properties. (Author) A77-39563 ff Some properties of coal slags of importance to MHD. W. Capps (National Bureau of Standards, Washington, D.C.). In: Symposium on the Engineering Aspects of Magnetohydro- dynamics, 16th, Pittsburgh, Pa., May 16-18, 1977, Proceedings. (A77-39526 18-75) Pittsburgh, Pa., Energy Research and Develop- ment Administration, 1977, p. VIII.3.21-VIII.3.25. 12 refs. Research supported by the U.S. Department of the Interior and ERDA. ' Coal slag viscosity, thermal diffusivity, electrical conductivity, vaporization effects and seed-slag interactions are briefly described as they relate to MHD problems. Equations relate viscosity to composi- tion and temperature. K20 from seed causes an increase in viscosity below 30% and a decrease in greater amounts. The maximum is at 15 to 20% K20. Data on several real slags are given. Slag liquidus temperatures can be inferred from viscosity data. Thermal diffusivity of real and synthetic slags show a minimum at 1000-1100 C. K20 and Si02 lower diffusivity; Fe2O3 raises it. Vaporization data have been used to predict a stable slag in the channel area with negligible fractionation. Phase equilibria data indicate potassium alumino- silicates will remain stable in K2O-rich vapors but will crystallize in iron-rich slags. This will affect viscosity and conductivity. (Author) A77-39564 ff' Comparison of measurements and predictions of the fluid mechanics and thermal behavior of MHD channel slag layers. M. E. Rodgers, P. C. Ariessohn, and C. H. Kruger (Stanford University, Stanford, Calif.). In: Symposium on the Engineering Aspects of Magnetohydrodynamics, 16th, Pittsburgh. Pa., May 16-18, 1977, Proceedings. (A77-3952618-75) Pittsburgh, Pa., Energy Research and Development Administration, 1977, p. VIII.4.26-VIII.4.31. 10 refs. Research supported by the Electric Power Research Institute. Diagnostic methods for measurement of slag layer mass flowrate and thickness are described. Results are reported for experiments in which slag surface thickness, surface temperature and run-off rate are measured. Wall temperature variations of 1000 K are observed to have little effect on slag surface temperature. Preliminary experi- mental data are consistent with predictions based on a smooth layer flow model for slag. (Author) _, { A77-39565 H Electrical conductivity of molten coal slags containing potassium seed. J. L. Bates (Battelle Pacific Northwest Laboratories, Richland, Wash.). In: Symposium on the Engineering 330 A77-39571 Aspects of Magnetohydrodynamics, 16th, Pittsburgh, Pa., May 16-18, 1977, Proceedings. (A77-39526 18-75) Pittsburgh, Pa., Energy Research and Development Administration, 1977, p. VIII.5.32-VIII.5.36. Contract No. EV-76-6-06-1830. This paper summarizes the 600 to 1600 deg C electrical conductivity from a variety of natural molten coal slags containing potassium. The electrical conductivity in air varies depending upon the temperature, original composition, and potassium seed con- centration. Below 1400 deg C, the conductivities of different slags can vary by as much as six orders of magnitude. The conductivity increases with increasing temperature, and above 1400 deg C, the conductivities vary by a factor of ten. The conductivities below 1400 deg C can exhibit nonlinear log Sigma versus T-1 variations resulting from devitrification and oxidation-reduction. The electrical con- ductivity increases with increases in potassium and iron content, but decreases with increasing silica content. Slags with high potassium content exhibit high ionic conductivity. The wide variations in electrical conductivity between the different slags and with different potassium content,''which coat electrodes and insulators, may be Significant in channel performance. (Author) A77-39566 ff Devolatilization of pulverized coal during rapid heating. S. K. Ubhayakar.'D. 8. Stickler, R. E. Gannon, and C. W. von Rosenberg, Jr. (Avco 'Everett Research Laboratory, Inc., Everett, Mass.). In: Symposium on the -Engineering 'Aspects of Magnetohydrodynamics, 16th, Pittsburgh, Pa., May 16-18, 1977, Proceedings. (A77-39526 18-75) Pittsburgh, Pa., Energy Research and Development Administration, 1977, p. IX:2.8-IX.2.12. 19 refs. Contract No. E (49-18)-2015. The concept of utilizing the high volatile yields (about 70%) obtained by the rapid devolatilization of pulverized coal in .the exhaust gases of combustion-driven MHD generators is attractive for three reasons. First, the energy ,of the,exhaust gases is stored as chemical energy in the fuel gas product to be used in firing the generator or separately fired air heaters. Second, it.minimizes the size and capital costs of the gasification plant, and third, because ashless clean fuel is produced, it minimizes the ash corrosion problems of the. refractory air, heaters. An,experimental and analytical study on the rapid devolatilization.of pulverized bituminous coal injected and entrained in hot combustion gases flowing in a constant cross-section gasifier is described. Data on.the weight loss through rapid pyrolysis, on the temperature, of the heterogeneous medium, and'on the composition.of the overall products are correlated with an analytical .model incorporating two volatile-producing competitive first-order Arrhenius reactions followed by cracking of the volatile;. (Author) A77-39567 ff Subsonic MHD-diffuser performance with high blockage. E. D. Doss. (Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, III.). In: Symposium on the Engineering Aspects of Magnetohydro- dynamics, 16th, Pittsburgh, Pa., May 16-18, 1977, Proceedings. (A77-39526 18-75) Pittsburgh,. Pa., Energy Research and Develop- ment Administration, 1977, p. IX.3.13-IX.3.19. 9 refs. Contract No. W-31-109-38. Diffuser performance with high blockages is analyzed by a two-dimensional turbulent-flow model. This model is used to analyze the performance of simple two-dimensional, plane-walled diffusers and also of three-dimensional diffusers up to and beyond the blockage limits for which previous analytical or experimental data are available. The effects of important design parameters on diffuser performance are investigated. The parameters considered are the blockage, divergence angle, Mach number,, aspect ratio, and wall-to- free stream temperature ratio. The first two parameters affect the diffuser performance significantly; the other parameters influence performance only slightly. Results obtained from the subject model agree reasonably well with the available experimental data. The diffuser design of the U-25 facility is analyzed and the analysis predicts a pressure recovery of 0.49. which agrees very well with the measured experimental value of approximately 0.48, obtained from a small-scale model. . (Author) A77-39568 ff Ignition and combustion behavior of pulver- ized coal jets in hot oxidizing atmospheres. D. B. Stickler, S. K. Ubhayakar, and F. E. Becker (Avco Everett Research Laboratory, Inc., Everett, Mass.). In: Symposium on the Engineering Aspects of Magnetohydrodynamics, 16th, Pittsburgh, Pa., May 16-18, 1977, Proceedings. (A77-39526 18-75) Pittsburgh, Pa., Energy Research and Development Administration, 1977, p. IX.4.20-IX.4.27. 9 refs. Contracts No. EF-76-C-01-2015; No. EF-77-C-01-2519. Measurements of coal ignition and combustion behavior have been made with both vitiation heated air, and the output of a regenerative air heater. In all cases, ignition is hypergolic, with good flame stability. Peak product temperature is in the range 2700-2900 deg K (4400-4760 deg F), at 4 atmospheres pressure, using the regenerative heater system at about 0.30 kg/s (about 0.7 Ib/s). It appears feasible to inject coal under these conditions, using a water cooled injector coaxial with low Mach number air injection. Interaction of the combustor with the regenerative air heater system is entirely stable, through ignition and heater cycling. Slag inter- action with zirconia combustor liner is found to result in excessive erosion rates for long duration systems, and suggests the desirability of a slagging water cooled wall approach. Ceramic liners do appear useful for short duration research purposes. ' (Author) A77-39569 // Superconducting magnet development for the MHD program. J. E. C. Williams, D. B. Montgomery, B. A. Apgar, B. M. Bailey, E. S. Bobrov, Y. Iwasa, P. G. Marston (MIT, Cambridge, Mass.), G. Rudins (ERDA, Washington, D.C.), and M. N.Wilson. In: Symposium oh the Engineering Aspects of Magnetohydrodynamics, 16th, Pittsburgh, Pa., May 16-18, 1977, Proceedings. (A77- 3952618-75) Pittsburgh, Pa., Energy Research and Development Administration, 1977, p. IX.5.28-IX.5.33. 7 refs. ERDA-supported research. This paper describes the development of superconducting magnets for the U.S. MHD Program. In particular the areas of technology development are described in terms of work done and of , future plans. The objectives of the magnet development program are the construction of superconducting magnets of progressively larger size concurrently with the acquisition of an engineering data base sufficient for their reliable design. (Author) A77-39570 ff Investigation of factors influencing potassium seed recovery in a direct coal-fired generator system. K. E. Tempelmeyer, L. Shen, L. Becker, M. Beaton, arid J. Martin (Tennessee, University, Tullahoma, Tenn.). In: Symposium on the Engineering Aspects of Magnetohydrodynamics, 16th, Pittsburgh, Pa., May 16-18, 1977, Proceedings. (A77-39526 18-75) Pittsburgh, Pa., Energy Research and Development Administration, 1977, p. IX.6.34-IX.6.40. Contract No. EX-76-C-01-1760. Investigation of potassium seed recovery in a direct coal-fired system with high-ash carryover using nominally 3% sulfur Eastern coal has indicated a number of trends. These include: (1) increased temperature level and/or decreased residence times in the flow train increases seed recovery in the form of water soluble K2S04, (2) up to 95% recovery of potassium from fly-ash particles by water washing is possible, (3) recovery of potassium from the large slag pieces that break away from slag layers on the walls of the flow train will be the most difficult problem, (4) weak acid washing of collected slag chunks to recover potassium is much more effective than water washing, and (5) increased turbulence level in a coal-fired system may reduce the seed recovery. (Author) A77-39571 ff A heat capacitor for MHD electric power generation systems. T. C. Robles and R. M. Johnson (Montana State University, Bozeman, Mont.). In: Symposium on the Engineering Aspects of Magnetohydrodynamics, 16th, Pittsburgh, Pa., May 16-18, 1977, Proceedings. (A77-39526 18-75) Pittsburgh, Pa., Energy Research and Development Administration, 1977, p. IX.7.41- iX.7.46. The control of high temperature air preheater output tempera- ture ripple for a 250 MW thermal input MHD/steam power plant is 331 A77-39572 considered. It is shown that the introduction of a heat capacitor at the output of the usual regenerative primary heat exchanger array significantly reduces the temperature ripple and somewhat reduces the cost and complexity of the heat exchanger system. (Author) A77-39572 ff Dynamic modeling and control of magneto- hydrodynamic/steam electrical power generating plants. J. D. Aspnes (New Hampshire, University, Durham, N.H.) and D. A. Pierre (Montana State University, Bozeman, Mont.). In: Symposium on the Engineering Aspects of Magnetohydrodynamics, 16th, Pittsburgh, Pa., May 16-18, 1977, Proceedings. (A77-39526 18-75) Pittsburgh, Pa., Energy Research and Development Administration, 1977, p. X.1.1-X.1.7. 12 refs. Research supported by the Montana Energy and MHD Research and Development Institute; Contract No. E(49-19)- 1811. A dynamic power-flow simulation of an overall magneto- hydrodynamic (MHD)/steam electrical power generating plant is developed. Several control configurations are applied to the system, and their effects on system dynamic response are presented. The overall cpmbined-cycle system model utilizes an input-output charac- terization of the combustor/nozzle/channel/diffuser. This charac- terization is developed from polynomial approximations of data resulting from the solutions of energy balance, state and continuity equations for the combustor and the quasi one-dimensional MHD equations for the nozzle, channel, and diffuser. The boiler and turbine valve model has turbine valve area and power available to generate steam as inputs, and throttle pressure, power to the turbines, and boiler and stack losses as outputs. Regenerative air preheater cycling is also modeled, and the effect of cycling on plant output is given. (Author) A77-39573 ff Part-load performance and voltage-current characteristics of a base load MHD generator. R. J. Rosa (Montana State University, Bozeman, Mont.). In: Symposium on the Engineer- ing Aspects of Magnetohydrodynamics, 16th, Pittsburgh, Pa., May 16-18, 1977, Proceedings. (A77-39526 18-75) Pittsburgh, Pa., Energy Research and Development Administration, 1977, p. X.2.8-X.2.10. A knowledge of electrical and aerodynamic response of an MHD generator to load changes is important for the design of the ducting, control system, and inverter of an MHD power plant. It is also of interest to know how the efficiency of a plant will vary with loading. This paper explores the characteristics that are to be expected in a subsonic Faraday generator designed for baseload service. It is shown that a Faraday hookup will tend to act as a constant current source under important conditions. The performance of a subsonic channel in terms of percent enthalpy extraction drops relatively slowly as load is reduced. A'ten to fifteen percent drop is predicted at a mass flow rate one-half of the design point value. (Author) A77-39574 # Economic and energy considerations in MHD seed regeneration. P. D. Bergman, D. Gyorke, D. Bienstock (ERDA, Pittsburgh Energy Research Center, Pittsburgh, Pa.), W. Sawko (Pittsburgh, University, Pittsburgh, Pa.), and T. George (U.S. Bureau of Mines, Morgantown, W. Va.|. In: Symposium on the Engineering Aspects of Magnetohydrodynamics, 16th, Pittsburgh, Pa., May 16-18, 1977, Proceedings. (A77-39526 18-75) Pittsburgh, Pa., Energy Research and Development Administration, 1977, p. X.3.11-X.3.23. 26 refs. An analysis of the energy requirements incurred in the Pitts- burgh Energy Research Center scheme for removing sulfur oxides from the combustion products released by a coal-fired 2000 MWt MHD power plant is presented. For a Montana subbituminous C coal containing 1.1 wt% sulfur, a 3.0 wt% sulfur Pittsburgh high-volatile A bituminous coal, and a 4.5 wt% sulfur Illinois no. 6 subbituminous A coal (dry basis), cycle efficiency penalties of 0.2, 1.2, and 2.1 points, respectively, were exacted to achieve SO2 emissions limited to the EPA standard of 1.2 Ib SO2 per million Btu for a new coal-fired power plant. If the seed treatment system is not integrated into the MHD power plant, the efficiency penalties quoted above will double in magnitude. These results compare favorably with energy consump- tion figures for conventional flue gas desulfurization control tech- niques. A potential credit of 0.1 efficiency points for reducing stack gas exhaust temperatures can partially offset these penalties. Eco- nomic results and the influence of key process variables are also explored. (Author) A77-39575 H MHD systems with low cooling requirements. K. D. Annen and R. H. Eustis (Stanford University, Stanford, Calif.). In: Symposium on the Engineering Aspects of Magnetohydro- dynamics, 16th, Pittsburgh, Pa., May 16-18, 1977, Proceedings. (A77-39526 18-75) Pittsburgh, Pa., Energy Research and Develop- ment Administration, 1977, p. X.4.24-X.4.28. 5 refs. Research supported by the Stanford Institute for Energy Studies. MHD systems using an air or gas turbine as an intermediate cycle with a small vapor-bottoming cycle are investigated. Both Illinois no. 6 and Montana Rosebud coals, dried to 2% moisture, are used in the study. Thermal efficiencies of greater than 50% were obtained for the systems.' Cooling water requirements were obtained which are 30% of those of a conventional steam plant and 60% of those of an MHD-steam plant. The effects of coal type, system configuration, and combustion air preheat temperature on the system performance are discussed. • (Author) A77-39576 ff Coal fired non-equilibrium closed cycle MHD power plant system since EGAS. C. H. Marston, L. K. Davis, D. A. Rogers, B. Zauderer (General Electric Co.; Space Div., Philadelphia, Pa.), J. Bazan (Foster Wheeler Development Corp., John Blizard Research Center, Livingston, N.J.), and J. Parsons (General Electric Co., Schenectady, N.Y.). In: Symposium on the Engineering Aspects of Magnetohydrodynamics, 16th, Pittsburgh, Pa., May 16-18, 1977, Proceedings. (A77-39526 18-75) Pittsburgh, Pa., Energy Research and Development Administration, 1977, p. X.5.29-X.5.36. 14 refs. ERDA-supported research. A 1000 MWe Closed Cycle MHD/steam bottoming power plant which incorporates an integrated, two-stage, pressurized, fluidized bed combustor meeting all emission control-requirements has been studied. The coal pile to bus bar efficiency for this plant is calculated to be 47%. A DC-DC conversion system is proposed for matching the output of the Faraday MHD Channel to the inverters. The effect on efficiency of perturbations in nominal performance of key com- ponents is shown, along with regenerative heat exchanger per- formance and plant layout. . . (Author) A77-39577 # Status of the reference dual-cycle MHD-steam power plant. W. D. Jackson (ERDA, Washington, D.C.), R. L. Lawit, R. A. Stoudt, M. G. Klett (Gilbert Associates, Inc., Reading, Pa.), J. C. Cutting, and C. D. Maxwell (STD Research Corp., Arcadia, Calif.). In: Symposium on the Engineering Aspects of Magnetohydro- dynamics, 16th, Pittsburgh, Pa., May 16-18, 1977, Proceedings. (A77-39526 18-75) Pittsburgh, Pa., Energy Research and Develop- ment Administration, 1977. p. X.6.37-X.6.44. 5 refs. Contract No. EX-76-C-01 -2243. The concepts and goals of a dual cycle commercial size MHD topping-steam bottoming power plant have been translated into a reference design within the limits of present or reasonably projected technology. Trade-offs involving the chosen design characteristics and major parametric evaluations have been performed to select the reference system configuration. This paper defines the system to date, the basis for selection of the subsystems, the viable alternatives and the power plant economics. Many of the factors governing choice of equipment or techniques are not conclusive because of uncertainties which presently exist in design and construction. A parametric analysis of the reference system design was made based upon predicted operating characteristics of the staged coal com- bustor, the MHD generator-diffuser and the directly-fired air heaters. Equipment has been selected to provide the best compromise between economic and technical aspects. (Author) 332 A77-39664 A77-39578 # Open-cycle coal burning MHD power plants for commercial service. J. C. Cutting, R. F. Schnorr (STD Research Corp., Arcadia, Calif.), R. L. Lawit, B. Headman (Gilbert Associates, Inc., Reading, Pa.), and P. S. Zygielbaum (Electric Power Research Institute, Palo Alto, Calif.). In: Symposium on the Engineering Aspects of Magnetohydrodynamics, 16th, Pittsburgh, Pa., May 16-18, 1977, Proceedings. (A77-39526 18-75) Pittsburgh, Pa., Energy Research and Development Administration, 1977, p. X.7.45-X.7.49. Research supported by the Electric Power Research Institute. Conceptual design studies regarding four open-cycle MHD power plants have been performed as part of a program concerned with an evaluation of the feasibility of an employment of MHD processes in electric utility power generation. Preliminary results indicate that the 'conventional' MHD plant with a western coal and elemental sulfur recovery represents the most reasonable compromise between per- formance and cost. G.R. A77-39585 Fuel conversion strategy impacts on com- pliance with photochemical oxidant standards. S. R. Gautam and H. B. H. Cooper, Jr. (Texas, University, Austin, Tex.). In: Specialty Conference on Ozone/Oxidants - Interaction with the Total Environ- ment, Dallas, Tex., March 10-12, 1976, Proceedings. (A77- 3957918-45) Pittsburgh, Pa., Air Pollution Control Association, 1976, p. 63-76. 12 refs. Research supported by the Federal Energy Administration. .. • • Results of studies- assessing the impact on photochemical oxidant concentrations of conversion from natural gas to fuel oil (Los Angeles area) or coal (Houston area). Increased coal consump- tion in the Houston area may result in elevated sulfate aerosol concentrations. However, due to the high relative humidity in this area and to the presence of calcium carbonate dust, oxidant levels may be reduced as.the result of heterogeneous chemical oxidation of sulfur dioxide to sulfates. Increased oil combustion in the South Coast Air Basin of California could produce simultaneous increases in the concentrations of sulfate aerosol and photochemical oxidant levels due to the predominance of photochemical oxidation of sulfur dioxide in the less humid climate. Extensive conversion from gas- to electric-powered vehicles could significantly reduce the levels of photochemical oxidants in Los Angeles, but would have a lesser impact in Houston because of the large industrial base in this city.' . C.K.D. A77-39596 ' The oxidant formation potential of emissions from catalyst-equipped vehicles. T. R. Powers (Exxon Research and Engineering Co., Linden, N.J.). In: Specialty Conference on Ozone/ Oxidants - Interaction with the Total Environment, Dallas, Tex., March 10-12, 1976, Proceedings. (A77-39579 18-45) Pittsburgh, Pa., Air Pollution Control Association, 1976, p. 189-200. U.S. Environ- mental Protection Agency Contract No. 68-07-1719. Treatment of auto exhaust with an oxidation catalyst not only substantially reduces mass emissions of hydrocarbons but also changes the composition of these emissions. In this paper, we report a series of smog chamber studies of the oxidant forming potential of hydrocarbon blends modeled on exhaust emissions from catalyst and non-catalyst vehicles and on the total (exhaust + evaporative + refueling) emissions from a catalyst vehicle. These studies were carried out with 10 hr irradiations and with various degrees of dilution of the chamber during the run. The clear stratification of the blends in terms of oxidant formation indicates that the concept of hydrocarbon reactivity is valid under these simulated 'transport' conditions. Presently available reactivity scales do not fit the data well. However, the scale proposed by Altshuller in 1966 provides a better fit than recently proposed CARB and EPA scales. (Author) A77-39649 ff The significance of nuclear energy for satisfy- ing future energy requirements (Die Bedeutung der Kernenergie bei der Deckung des kiinftigen Energiebedarfs). K. Fuchs (Deutsche Akademie der Wissenschaften, Forschungsbereich Physik, Kern- und Werkstoffwissenschaften, Berlin, East Germany) and G. Schumann (Zittau, Ingenieurhochschule, Zittau, East Germany). Energie- technik. vol. 27, May 1977, p. 185-192. 8 refs. In German. An investigation is conducted concerning the primary energy requirements in the world and the possibilities for satisfying these requirements, taking into account a utilization of uranium. The current data of development of nuclear technology on a global scale is discussed. It is shown that fission nuclear energy can only make a major contribution to the energy balance if a full utilization of the uranium can be obtained with the aid of the fast breeder reactor. A description is presented of the state of development of nuclear energy techniques in the socialist countries, giving attention to the leading position of the USSR with respect to the development of nuclear power stations utilizing fast breeder reactors. G.R. A77-39650 # Economic problems concerning the combus- tion of raw lignite (Wirtschaftliche Probleme der Verbrennung von Rohbraunkohle). H. Effenberger (Zittau, Ingenieurhochschule, Zit- tau, East Germany). Energietechnik, vol. 27, May 1977, p. 197-200. 8 refs. In German. Raw lignite constitutes the most important energy carrier in the primary energy balance of the German Democratic Republic. An investigation is conducted concerning the processes which are related to the combustion of lignite in the combustion chamber of modern steam generators, taking into account details of heat transfer, ignition, combustion chamber geometry, wall temperature, combus- tion intensity, and the calculation of heat transfer by radiation. Attention is also given to questions regarding the efficiency of fuel employment and an operational analysis. G.R. A77-39655 Emission and deposition of petrol engine exhaust Pb. I - Deposition of exhaust Pb to plant and soil surfaces. P. Little and R. D. Wiffen (Atomic Energy Research Establishment, Environmental and Medical Sciences Div., Hardwell, Oxon, England). Atmospheric Environment, vol. 11, no. 5, 1977, p. 437-447. 52 refs. Following the addition of lead-containing anti-knock com- pounds to gasoline, there has been concern as to the possible harmful effects of increased levels of Pb on the environment. Pb-203 was used in the preparation of radioactively labeled automobile-engine exhaust aerosols. Wind tunnel tests using leaves from 11 species of trees showed that rough or hairy leaf surfaces collected exhaust Pb-203 up to eight times more efficiently than smooth leaf surfaces. The leaf laminas, petioles, and stems of intact shoots of beech, white poplar and nettle showed marked differences in Pb collection efficiencies due to differences in size, shape, and surface texture of the plant parts. . B.J. A77-39657 Further studies on the oxidation of sulfur dioxide in coal-fired power plant plumes. J. Forrest and L. Newman (Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, N.Y.). Atmospheric En- vironment, vol. 11, no. 5, 1977, p. 465-474. 20 refs. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Contract No. IAG-D4-0391; Con- tract No. E(30-1)-16. The percent of sulfur dioxide converted to sulfate in the plumes of four coal-fired power plants was determined using airborne measurements of particulate sulfur to total sulfur concentration ratios and S-34-S-32 isotope ratios. In general the extent of S02 oxidation seldom exceeded 5% with essentially all the oxidation occurring within the first few kilometers after emissions. No distinct correlation was found between the extent of S02 conversion with distance, travel time, temperature, relative humidity, time of day, or atmospheric stability. B.J. A77-39664 Answer House story. J. Smith (Georgia Power Co., Atlanta, Ga.). (Annual Air Conditioning Conference, 26th, University of Florida, Gainesville, Fla., Feb. 1977.1 Building Systems Design, vol. 74, June-July 1977, p. 39-50. Design and construction features of four energy research houses in Georgia are described. The heating and cooling requirements and systems are considered, and the solar heating and off-peak storage cooling systems are examined. Monitoring procedures are explained. The houses will be used in a project that gathers and publicizes data 333 A77-39668 from real houses and families to verify the economic feasibility of various techniques, equipment, and materials. M.L. A77-39668 # Ultimate consumption of fuel and energy in the nonindustrial sector (Konecna spotreba paliv a energie v nevyrobni sfere). L. Rehacek (Vyzkumny Ustav Energeticky, Prague, Czechoslovakia). Energetika (Prague), vol. 27, May 1977, p. 208-210. In Czech. Some tables are presented .showing estimated figures for the consumption of energy in the forms of solid fuel, liquid fuel, gas fuel, electricity, and stored heat for nonindustrial uses in Czecho- slovakia for the year 1990, and also the projected growth of automobile use through 1990. Attention is called to the need for more efficient energy consumption in the nonindustrial sphere, attainable by better heat insulation of future housing units. P.T.H. A77-39669 Wolfersberg - A subterranean storage place for natural gas at a depth of 3000 m (Wolfersberg - Ein unterirdischer Erdgasspeicher in 3000 m Tiefe). A. Stachel. Energiewirtschaftliche Tagesfragen, vol. 27, June 1977, p. 416-421. In German. The supply of Bavaria, a state of the Federal Republic of Germany, with natural gas requires transportation of the gas over large distances. A pipeline with a capacity which is large enough to transmit gas at peak consumption rates is only partly utilized at times when the gas requirements are lower so it is found to be more economical to employ a pipeline whose capacity corresponds to average consumption rates and to supply additional amounts of gas, when needed, from gas storage facilities. An investigation is conducted regarding the feasibility to use a location of natural gas deposits which are now exhausted as a place for the temporary storage of the gas obtained from the pipeline at times of low gas consumption and a suitable location is found to be at Wolfersberg at a distance of about 20 km from Munich. G.R. A77-39670 Natural gas storage in salt caverns (Erdgas- speicherung in Salzkavernen). W. Harms. Energiewirtschaft/iche Tagesfragen. vol. 27, June 1977, p. 422-424. In German. Large differences in natural gas consumption for winter and summer together with irregularities concerning the supply with natural gas make it very important to establish gas reservoirs. It is found that an underground storage of the gas has great economic advantages compared to other types of storage and the feasibility to use.in the northern part of Germany salt caverns for the storage of natural gas is investigated. Attention is given to questions regarding the preparation of the caverns, and problems with respect to the operation of natural gas storage facilities in caverns. G.R. A77-39671 Transmission solar focusing collector. F. Demi- chelis and G. Russo (Torino, Politecnico, Turin, Italy). Nuovo Cimento, Letters, vol. 19, June 4, 1977, p. 145-151. * A solar focusing collector based on total reflection is described which has a concentration ratio of approximately 40 and produces a temperature of about 250 C on the receiver. This collector consists of 'roof-type prisms so positioned that no prism casts a shadow on any other, the emergent beam does not encounter successive prisms, and the incident radiation is focused stepwise on the receiver. The optical characteristics of the proposed collector are defined, the transmittance of the prisms is discussed, and appropriate materials for the collector are considered. F.G.M. A77-39673 The supply of the Federal Republic of Ger- many and Western Europe with energy, giving particular consider- ation to the oil and gas potential of the North Sea (Die Energiever- sorgung der Bundesrepublik Deutschland und Westeuropas unter besonderer Berucksichtigung des Ol- und Gaspotentials der Nordsee). M. Grathwohl (Bundesministerium der Verteidigung, Fiihrungs- akademie, Hamburg, West Germany). Brennstoff-Warme-Kraft, vol. 29, June 1977, p. 233-238. 33 refs. In German. A77-39674 Technical and economic aspects of industrial power-heat coupling. I (Tecnnische und wirtschaftliche Aspekte der industriellen Kraft-Warme-Kopplung. I). K. H. Maier. Energie, vol. 29, May 1977, p. 130-140. 7 refs. In German. The principle of power-heat coupling provides a possibility for' saving fuel. All installations employing power-heat coupling processes are primarily concerned with satisfying the requirements for heat. The production of mechanical energy constitutes in these installa- tions an efficient utilization of thermodynamic possibilities for obtaining a by-product. One of the approaches used involves a generation of steam with a higher pressure and a utilization of the capacity of the steam for doing mechanical work. Attention is given to aspects of the industrial utilization of power-heat coupling processes, questions regarding the economy of electrical power generation for use within the plant "itself, the heat consumption in public and industrial electric ;power generation processes, and an example which illustrates the usefulness of power-heat coupling for the national economy. *• G.R. A77-39675 ff Energy recovery by the incineration of solid waste -Development, present status and experiences in Germany. K. H. Thomen. Recycling and,Waste Disposal, vol. 2, June. 1977, p. 116-120. Abridged. . , . The development and present status of projects in the Federal Republic of Germany involvipg the reclamation of heat energy from the combustion of domestic and commercial refuse are discussed. At present, 21 large incinerator plants use the heat content of refuse to produce high grade steam. An additional seven plants produces low-grade steam. The average composition of the refuse used is reported, and combustion systems are described. Mathematical relationships describing the efficiency and design capacity of the plants are given. Alternative applications of heat generated by the incineration of refuse are considered. - C.K.D. A77-39742 Particle Accelerator Conference: Accelerator Engineering and Technology, Chicago, III., March 16-18, 1977, Proceedings. Conference sponsored by the American Physical Society, National Science Foundation, and Energy Research and Development Administration. Edited by F. T. Cole and R. Donald- son (Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory,. Batavia, III.). -IEEE • Transactions on Nuclear Science, vol. NS-24, June 1977. 1012 p; (For individual items see A77-39743 to A77-39750) Attention is given to dc accelerators, linear accelerators, and heavy ion accelerators with special consideration of the fusion applications of accelerators.-Beam dynamics, accelerator operations, reliability and targeting and ion sources, meson factories, collective acceleration, intense beams, and storage rings are all discussed. B.J. A77-39744 - Systems analysis of accelerator and storage ring systems for inertial fusion. R. Burke, S. Fenster.'and S. Gram me I (Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, III.). (APS, NSF, and ERDA, Particle Accelerator Conference: Accelerator Engineering and Technology, Chicago, III., Mar. 16-18, 1977.) IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science, vol. NS-24, June 1977, p. 996-998. A computerized systems model is being developed to help assess the relative merits of the various accelerator systems that appear able to meet the requirements for inertial fusion with high energy heavy ion beams. Assessment involves calculating the total cost and parameters that are critical to technical feasibility. Current results showing cost trends and important technical parameters for RF linac/storage ring systems using ions of different mass, charge state, and kinetic energy are presented. (Author) A77-39747 Design considerations for a migma advanced fuel fusion reactor. J. E. Golden, R. A. Miller, B. C. Maglich (Fusion Energy Corp., Princeton, N.J.), S. R. Channon (Fusion Energy Corp., Princeton; Rutgers University, New Brunswick, N.J.), and J. R. Treglio (Fusion Energy Corp., Princeton; Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, N.J.). '(APS. NSF, and ERDA, Particle Accelerator Conference: Accelerator Engineering and Technology, 334 A77-39978 Chicago, III., Mar. 16-18, 1977.) IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science, vol. NS-24, June 1977, p. 1018, 1019. 5 refs. The migma concept requires the injection of ion beams into the field of a superconducting magnet at MeV energies. The features which distinguish this concept from other controlled fusion concepts are high energy, ordered motion, use of advanced fuels, and small physical size. The advanced fuels (other than D-T) such as He-3-He-3 require higher collision energies for useful reaction rates. Power balance in a migmacell is considered. B.J. A77-39749 Update on the development of 120-keV multi- megawatt neutral beam source. J. M. Haughian, W. R. Baker, L. A. Biagi, D. B. Hopkins, H. M. Owren, and J. A. Paterson (California, University, Berkeley, Calif.}. (APS, NSF, and ERDA, Particle Accelerator Conference: Accelerator Engineering and Technology, Chicago, III., Mar. 16-18, 1977.) IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science, vol. NS-24, June 1977, p. 1034-1036. 8 refs. ERDA- sponsbred research. The next generation of U.S. fusion experiments, which includes TFTR, MFTF, and Doublet III, will utilize neutral-beam injection for plasma heating. TFTR, for example, desires 20 MW of 120-keV deuterium atoms in pulses of 0.5-sec duration at 5-minute intervals from a total of 12 individual neutral-beam modules. This paper discusses some of the design details of a 15-A, 120-keV, 0.5-sec ion-source module that has recently been built to test design concepts for TFTR sources, and some of the features of the facility where it is presently under test. (Author) A77-39817 Pacific Northwest geothermal: 1976 review, 1977 outlook. W. Youngquist. Geothermal Energy, vol. 5, June 1977, p. 8-13, 15, 16. Progress made in geothermal exploration and development in the Pacific Northwest during 1976 is reviewed. The status of some of the more important projects in Washington, Idaho, and Oregon is discussed, /and institutional barriers to further development of geothermal energy in these states are examined. Advances in the geothermal development program likely to occur during 1977 are outlined. C.K.D: . A77-39816 Geothermal heat - instead of electrically powered compression -. proposed for cooling a small residence or office building. E. F. Wehlage. Geothermal Energy, vol. 5, June 1977, p. 31-38. Plans for a proposed demonstration project in the use of geothermal energy for residential air conditioning are discussed. While it does not entirely supplant electric power, the proposed absorption refrigeration system by-passes the greatest single power user in a conventional system - the compressor motor. Flow diagrams are provided for a geothermal cooling system. Factors responsible for the slow development and marketing of such systems are examined. C.K.D. A77-39835 .Options for the conversion of fossil fuels. E. J. Gornowski (Exxon Research and Engineering Co., Linden, N.J.). In: Energy and the environment: A risk benefit approach. New York, and Oxford, Pergamon Press, 1976, p. 185-204; Discussion, p. 204-206. An overview of options available for the development of oil shale and coal resources is presented. Available sources are estimated, and technological problems associated with their utilization are discussed. Coal gasification and the production of synthetic fuels from synthesis gas are considered, together with the hydrogenation of coal to make liquid hydrocarbons. The conversion of coal to electricity is discussed, with special attention to the problems of sulfur dioxide pollution and of waste heat. Cost estimates for different fossile-fuel conversion options are presented and compared. C.K.D. A77-39836 U.S. options for a transition from oil and gas to synthetic fuels. A. S. Manne (Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass.). In: Energy and the environment: A risk benefit approach. New York and Oxford, Pergamon Press, 1976, p. 207-245. 17 refs. NSF Grant No. SOC-75-05288. A linear programming model used to obtain a minimum-cost strategy for meeting future energy demands with or without a'given synthetic fuels technology is described. The model has been used to estimate the economic incentive for research and development efforts on synthetic fuels from coal, nuclear and advanced tech- nologies. The costs and timing of transitions between four alternative fuel bases - petroleum and natural gas, coal-based synthetic fuels, hydrogen produced by electrolysis and hydrogen produced through high-temperature nuclear reactors coupled to fast breeders - are analyzed and discussed. C.K.D. A77-39976 Solar energy: Applications, systems, expe- rience; Lecture and Discussion Meeting, Essen, West Germany, February 4, 1977, Reports (Sonnenenergie: Anwendungen, Systeme, Erfahrungen; Vortrags- und Diskussions-Veranstaltung, Essen, West Germany, February 4,' 1977, Vortrage). Meeting supported by the Arbeitsgemeinschaft Solarenergie. Essen, Arbeitsgemeinschaft Solar- energie, 1977. 77 p. In German. (For individual items see A77-39977 to A77-39990) The technology and the principles of operation of solar collectors are considered along with the possibilities for the solar air conditioning of buildings, the use of plastics in systems of solar technology, the utilization of solar energy for power-supply applica-- tions, and the future of'solar-thermal small-scale power stations. Attention is also given to the solar system in the solar house Dornier/RWE in Essen, aspects concerning the design and the operation of solar houses, problems of energy storage related to the utilization of solar energy for space heating, heat pumps in solar ' installations, the calculation and optimization of solar-energy sys- tems which provide hot water, and a study concerning the economy of solar heating systems. G.R. A77-39977 Solar collectors - Technology and principles of operation (Solarkollektoren - Technik und Wirkungsweise). P. Kalischer (Energietechnik GmbH, Essen, West Germany). ln:'Solar- energy: Applications, systems, experience; Lecture and Discussion Meeting, Essen, West Germany, February 4, 1977, Reports. (A77-" 39976 18-44) Essen, Arbeitsgemeinschaft Solarenergie, 1977, p. ' 9-16. In German. Solar .collector systems which utilize optical systems for' a concentration of solar radiation are briefly examined. A disadvantage^ of such systems, particularly for the latitude of Central Europe, 'is • related to the fact that solar energy which is in the form of diffuse radiation is not concentrated on the absorber surface. Efforts related . to the utilization of solar energy in West Germany are, therefore, mainly directed towards the development of appropriate flat plate collectors. Attention is given to the1'classical' flat plate collector, the heat-pipe collector, a flat plate collector with vacuum insulation, the efficiency of flat plate collectors, approaches for the enhancement of the energy output, and operational requirements. Examples of. collector employment are related to the heating of a swimming pool, the heating of water, space heating, and air conditioning applications. G.R. A77-39978 Possibilities for the solar air conditioning of buildings (Moglichkeiten zur solaren Klimatisierung von Gebauden). K.-P. Schubert (Dornier-System GmbH, Friedrichshafen, West Ger- many). In: Solar energy: Applications, systems, experience; Lecture- and Discussion Meeting, Essen, West Germany, February 4, 1977, Reports. (A77-39976 18-44) Essen, Arbeitsgemeinschaft Solar- energie, 1977, p. 17, 18. In German. A classification of air conditioning systems with different characteristics is considered. Absorption-type systems are currently almost exclusively used for air conditioning units based on the utilization of solar energy. The operational performance of a system . with a lithium bromide refrigeration unit is discussed. Attention is . given to aspects of collector performance as a function of the time of 335 A77-39979 day, collector design considerations, and a cost analysis comparing a solar and a conventional air conditioning system. G.R. A77-39979 Plastics in systems of solar technology (Kunst- stoffe in Systemen der Solartechnik). H. Rober (Hoechst AG, Frankfurt am Main, West Germany). In: Solar energy: Applications, systems, experience; Lecture and Discussion Meeting, Essen, West Germany, February 4, 1977, Reports. (A77-39976 18-44) Essen, Arbeitsgemeinschaft Solarenergie, 1977, p. 19-24. In German. Suitable plastics for a use in systems of solar technology are listed in a table. Appropriate plastics for a use as cover material in solar collectors include foils consisting of ethylene and tetrafluoro- ethylene copolymer and foils of polyester. The use of polymethyl methacrylate and polycarbonate covers is also considered. The spectral transmission characteristics of a suitable plastic material are examined. Plastics for absorbers and collector housing are discussed and attention is given to the employment of plastics for the design of heat-storage systems. G.R. A77-39980 Solar generators - Utilization of solar energy for power-supply applications (Solargeneratoren - Nuuung der Sonnenenergie zur Stromversorgung). H.-W. Schumann (Telefunken AG, Wedel, West Germany). In: Solar energy: Applications, systems, experience; Lecture and Discussion Meeting, Essen, West Germany, February 4, 1977, Reports. (A77-39976 18-44) Essen, Arbeits- gemeinschaft Solarenergie, 1977, p. 25-27. In German. A description is presented of a thermal solar generator system with a maximum output of 10 kW which was developed by a West German company. A solar collector is used to transform solar radiation into heat which is transferred to water as operational medium of the thermal cycle. A suitable thermal engine and a three-phase, current generator are employed in the described system. The development of a modular generator concept based on the employment of solar cells is also discussed. Attention is given to use of large-area solar cells, made of an unconventional silicon base material, with an efficiency of 10%. G.R. A77-39981 The future of solar-thermal small-scale power stations (Die Zukunft solarthermischer Kleinkraftwerke). M. Simon (Maschinenfabrik Augsburg-Niirnberg AG, Munich, West Germany). In: Solar energy: Applications, systems, experience; Lecture and Discussion Meeting, Essen, West Germany, February 4, 1977, Reports. (A77-39976 18-44) Essen, Arbeitsgemeinschaft Solar- energie, 1977, p. 28-30. In German. • Electric power requirements in areas without a power distribu- tion system can in many cases be only economically satisfied with the aid of decentralized small-scale solar energy systems. It is estimated that there is a worldwide demand of about one million units for solar power stations with a power output in the range from 15 to 500 kW. Such stations could provide power for air condition- ing applications and the desalination of sea water. Such a desalina- tion could become of vital importance for desert or semidesert areas. The development of suitable solar power stations in West Germany is discussed. The considered system makes use of a cylinder-parabolic mirror with a steel tube in the focal line. Steam which is to be heated flows through the steel tube. An assembly of modular units to systems which provide the required power output is possible. The steam is to be stored in an insulated energy storage unit. When needed, the steam can.be used for the operation of a steam engine. Two types of steam engines are considered. G.R. A77-39982 'The Philips energy-experimentation house - Results and experience (Das Philips Energie-Experimentierhaus - Ergebnisse und Erfahrungen). R. Bruno, W. Hermann, H. Horster, R. Kersten, K. Klinkenberg, and F..Mahdjuri (Philips GmbH, Hamburg, West Germany). In: Solar energy: Applications, systems, experience; Lecture and Discussion Meeting, Essen, West Germany, February 4, 1977, Reports. (A77-39976 18-44) Essen, Arbeitsgemeinschaft Solar- energie, 1977, p. 31-34. In German. A description is presented of intermediate results obtained in a project reported by Bruno et al. (1976). The project involves investigations related to the utilization of solar energy and the . efficient use of energy in buildings.'Approaches for the reduction of the energy consumption in buildings are discussed, taking into' account the reduction of heat losses, a utilization of waste heat, and • the employment of systems for the direct and indirect utilization of solar energy. An indirect utilization of solar energy makes use of energy stored in the ground. The direct utilization of solar energy is based on the employment of evacuated collectors on the roof. It is found that a house can be heated to a large degree by means of solar energy if heat losses from the house are avoided with the aid of the considered approaches. G.R. A77-39983 The solar system in the solar house Dormer/ RWE in Essen (Das Solarsystem im Solarhaus Dornier/RWE in Essen). H. Gehrke (Dornier-System GmbH, Friedrichshafen, West Germany). In: Solar energy: Applications, systems,; experience; ' Lecture and Discussion Meeting, Essen, West Germany, February 4, ' 1977, Reports. (A77-39976 18-44) Essen, Arbeitsgemeinschaft Solar- ' energie, 1977, p. 35-37. In German. The considered, project has the objective to obtain experimental. . data concerning the possibilities and limitations of a use of solar, r. energy in Central Europe. The investigation makes use of a; • one-family house at the outskirts of Essen, West Germany. The house , has an active solar-energy collector area of 65,sq;m, 7 cu m storage i." capacity, and a heat pump. The characteristics of the solar collector are discussed, taking into account the heat-pipe type of operation. Questions of system design are considered and a .description is given of the operation of the system. .... , . G.R. . A77-39984 The BBC solar house - Design and experience (Das BBC-Solarhaus - Aufbau und Betriebserfahrungen). B. Ziegen- bein (Brown, Boveri et Cie. AG, Walldorf, West Germany). In: Solar energy: Applications, systems, experience; Lecture and Discussion Meeting, Essen, West Germany, February 4,, 1977, Reports. (A77- 3997618-44) Essen, Arbeitsgemeinschaft Solarenergie, .1977, .p. 38-40. In German. . ... The considered house, which was built in spring 1976 in Walldorf near Heidelberg, West Germany, represents'with regard to its appearance, living area, and energy requirements a typical modern one-family house. It -tries to provide 2/3 'of its annual :e'ner'gy' requirements with the aid of solar energy. A conventional heating system is available in addition to the solar installation. Experimental - energy values for different collector areas and storage space volumes' are to provide a data base for a cost-optimal design of collector areas and storage space. Attention is given to the low-loss storage of heat . at low storage temperatures, the employment of a heat pump,'.the use of low-temperature heating, the employment of latent, heat storage systems, space cooling with solar energy,, and a control problem. G.R. A77-39985 The MBB solar houses - Design, operation, and experience'(Die MBB-Solarhauser - Aufbau, Betrieb und Erfahrun- gen). H. Grallert (Messerschmitt-Bolkow-Blohm- GmbH, Munich, West Germany). In: Solar energy: Applications, systems, experience; Lecture and Discussion Meeting, Essen, West Germany, February 4, 1977, Reports. (A77-39976 18-44) Essen, Arbeitsgemeinschaft Solar- energie, 1977, p. 41-45. In German. The considered solar houses are employed for functional testing, purposes of demonstration, the determination of the most suitable installation parameters, the testing of the long-term behavior of materials and types of construction, and the study of the interaction between the insulation characteristics of the house and the perfor- mance of solar heating. The phases of construction of the two solar houses are discussed. Attention is given to the conduction of the measurements and the obtained results. • G.R. A77-39986 Solar energy as contribution to the energy budget - Problems of storage (Sonnenenergie als Beitrag zum; . 336 A774O042 Energiehaushalt • Probleme der Speicherung). G. Dietrich (Kraftan- lagen AG, Heidelberg, West Germany). In: Solar energy: Applica- tions, systems, experience; Lecture and Discussion Meeting, Essen, West Germany, February 4, 1977, Reports. (A77-39976 18-44) Essen, Arbeitsgemeinschaft Solarenergie, 1977, p. 49-52. 9 refs. In German. The direct utilization of solar energy for space heating is related to an appropriate storage of energy. Solar energy received during the summer has to be stored for a use in winter. The technical solution of this problem is possible. The economic feasibility of such a solution, however, has to be investigated, taking into account the costs involved in the use of other forms of energy. A description is presented of the various forms of energy storage systems. Facilities which store the heat received during the day for a use at night are widely used. Facilities for a storage of energy from summer to winter are still rare. The characteristic data for various types of heat storage media are listed in a table. It is found that a further development of thermal storage technology in conjunction with advances in other technologies related to heat utilization will provide a promising base for many applications. - . G.R. A77-39987 Heat pumps in solar installations (Warmepum- pen in Solaranlagen). K. Vielhaber (Robert Bosch GmbH, Wernau, West Germany). In: Solar energy: Applications, systems, experience; Lecture and Discussion Meeting, Essen, West Germany, February 4, 1977, Reports. (A77-39976 18-44) Essen, Arbeitsgemeinschaft Solar- energie, 1977. p. 53-56. In German. The withdrawal of heat from the thermal storage system of a solar installation during the heating period.has the effect that the temperature of the storage medium is gradually decreased until a temperature value is reached which is too low for heating by.the direct method. The employment of a heat pump, makes it possible to utilize for heating also the heat energy.which still remains in the storage unit. The advantages of a heating system which consists of a collector, a thermal storage unit, and a heat pump are discussed. The operation of such a system is illustrated with the aid of an example involving a demonstration house, which has been built for the systematic .investigation of the various factors involved in the employment of the considered .heating system. The use. of ;the outside air or the ground as energy reservoir is also studied. G.R. A77-39988 Calculation and optimization of solar-energy systems which provide hot water (Berechnung und Optimierung von Sonnenenergie-Systemen zur Warmwasserversorguhg). R. Bruno, W. Hermann, H. Horster, R. Kersteri, and F. Mahdjuri (Philips GmbH, Hamburg, West Germany). In: Solar energy: Applications, systems, experience; Lecture and Discussion Meeting, Essen, West Germany, February 4, 1977, Reports. (A77-39976 18-44) Essen, Arbeits- gemeinschaft Solarenergie, 1977, p. 57-61. In'German. A description is presented of the results which had been obtained with the aid of a, computer program that had been developed for a study of the performance of a solar hot-water supply system-, taking into account-the consumption of hot water in a household consisting of four persons. The investigation conducted is concerned with the design of a solar heating system which provides as much as possible of the energy.required by the hot-water supply system, taking into consideration the given economical conditions. The investigation shows the importance of a high collectorefficiency for the climatic conditions of West Germany. . G.R. A77-39989 The BBC Solarwatt system (Das BBC-Solar- watt-System). J. Miller (Brown, Boveri et Cie. AG, Walldorf, West Germany). In: Solar energy: Applications, systems, experience; Lecture and Discussion Meeting, Essen, West Germany, February 4, 1977, Reports. (A77-39976 18-44) Essen, Arbeitsgemeinschaft Solar- energie, 1977, p. 62-64. In German. A description is presented of a system which provides hot water for domestic use. The system utilizes solar energy as much as economically feasible and obtains additional energy, in case of an insufficient supply of solar energy, in form of electric energy in summer and in form of thermal energy from the central heating system in winter. Attention is given to aspects of appropriate collector design and installation. G.R. A77-39990 Possibilities and limitations concerning the economy of solar heating systems (Moglichkeiten und Grenzen der Wirtschaftlichkeit von Solarheizungen). H. Schweig (Messer- schmitt-Bolkow-Blohm GmbH, Munich, West Germany). In: Solar energy: Applications, systems, experience; Lecture and Discussion Meeting, Essen, West Germany, February 4, 1977, Reports. (A77- 3997618-44) Essen, Arbeitsgemeinschaft Solarenergie, 1977, p. 65-74. In German. The cost of a solar heating system is considered, taking into account the flat-plate collectors, the central control unit, thermal storage units, the pipe system, and the installation of the system. Currently available economically priced collectors are of compara- tively low'efficiency. Collectors with a higher efficiency are being developed in the laboratory. The great disadvantage of highly efficient collectors, which utilize a number of approaches including IR-reflectors and vacuum, is the high price. However, considerable reductions in price are expected in a number of years. Attention is given to the heat requirements of one-family and two-family houses, the characteristics of the available heating systems, and a general evaluation of the economy of solar heating systems. G.R. A77-40028 * Sulfidation of 310 stainless steel at sulfur potentials encountered in coal conversion systems. D. B. Rao (NASA, Ames Research Center, Moffett Field; California, University, Berkeley, Calif.) and H. G. Nelson (NASA, Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif.). In: Symposium on Properties of High Temperature Alloys with Emphasis on Environmental Effects, Las Vegas, Nev., October 17-22, 1976, Proceedings. (A77-40012 18-26) Princeton, N.J., Electrochemical Society, Inc., 1976, p. 464-492. 25 refs. NASA-ERDA-supported research. The sulfidation of SAE 310 stainless steel was carried out in gas mixtures of hydrogen and hydrogen sulfide over a range of sulfur potentials anticipated in advanced coal gasification processes. The kinetics, composition, and morphology of sulfide scale formation were studied at a fixed temperature of 1065 K over a range of sulfur potentials from .00015N/sqm to 900N/sqm. At all sulfur potentials investigated, the sulfide scales were found to be multilayered. The relative thickness of the individual layers as well as the composition was found to depend on the sulfur potential. The reaction was found to obey the parabolic rate law after an initial transient period. Considerably longer .transient periods were found to be due to unsteady state conditions resulting from compositional variations in the spinel layer. (Author) A77-40029 Corrosion behavior of materials for coal- gasification applications. K. Natesan and O. K. Chopra (Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, III.). In: Symposium on Properties of High Temperature Alloys with Emphasis on Environmental Effects, Las Vegas, Nev., October 17-22, 1976, Proceedings. (A77- 4001218-26) Princeton, N.J., Electrochemical Society, Inc., 1976, p. 493-510. 11 refs. ERDA-supported research. The paper reports a thermodynamic analysis of phase stability in commercial alloys such as Type 304 stainless steel, Incoloy 800, and Inconel 671 upon exposure to gas environments anticipated in different coal-gasification processes. The analysis showed that a high chromium content in the alloy is beneficial for corrosion resistance in these environments, while nickel limits this trait. Scanning- electron micrographs of alloy samples which have been exposed to the.gases are presented. The results indicate that under oxidizing conditions the alloys can develop a protective chromium-rich oxide layer which prevents both sulfidation and carburization. However, under marginally oxidizing and reducing conditions, the alloys exhibited extensive sulfidation and carburization. M.L. A77-40042 Metal dusting corrosion in coal gasification environments. R. A. Perkins, W. C. Coons (Lockheed Research 337 A77-40149 Laboratories, Palo Alto, Calif.), and F. J. Radd (Continental Oil Co., Ponca City, Okla.). In: Symposium on Properties of High Tempera- ture Alloys with Emphasis on Environmental Effects, Las Vegas, Nev., October 17-22, 1976, Proceedings. (A77-40012 18-26) Prince- ton, N.J., Electrochemical Society, Inc., 1976, p. 733-749. 6 refs. Research supported by the American Gas Association, Stearns-Roger Corp., Conoco Coal Development Co., and ERDA. A form of metal dusting corrosion occurs in heat exchanger pipes of Type 321 Stainless and Incoloy 800 in coal gasification environments. Metallurgical analyses, consisting of optical micros- copy, electron microprobe scans, and X-ray diffraction studies, were conducted on test samples cut from selected sections of heat exchanger coils after various periods of operation under a wide range of gas compositions and temperatures. Pitted areas were found to be heavily carburized and covered with iron-oxide rich scales containing metal particles. Unpitted areas were protected by chromic oxide scales. The corrosion mechanisms involve Cr depletion, rapid carburization, and selective oxidation. Attack of this type in coal gasification atmosphere can be prevented by addition of steam to the gas mixture. C.K.D. A77-40350 ft Energy assessment and possibilities of remote heat supply (A tavolsagi hoellatas energetikai megitelese es lehetose- gei). B. Gergely. Energia es Atomtechnika, vol. 30, June 1977, p. 282-285. 12 refs. In Hungarian. Changes in the energy price structure have significantly affected the economic viability of remote heating systems. Heat generation and transportation over long distances is now in a more favorable relative position in the overall view of heat supply systems. An estimate of the heat production capacity of a typical remote heat supply system is made. P.T.H. A77-40149 ft Meteorological effects on solar cells. J. R. Mallinson and P. T. Landsberg (Southampton, University, South- ampton, England). Royal Society (London), Proceedings, Series A, vol. 355, no. 1680, June 30, 1977, p. 115-130. 28 refs. Research supported by the Science Research Council and NATO. Physical principles of solar cells are examined with special reference to certain meteorological aspects. A solar-cell model is described which includes effects of surface recombination at the front and back surfaces, an ohmic contact at the back surface, and a nonconstant doping profile. This model is used to determine the I-V characteristics of a solar cell, to select the optimal load resistance, and to' calculate the optimum output power. The value of the energy gap giving maximum efficiency for various spectral radiation distribu- tions is investigated for meteorological conditions that change from a bright 'clear' day to an average 'cloudy' day and from a 'clear' day with lower solar altitude, more atmospheric vapor, or both, than in the former case, to a 'cloudy' day with thinner cloud cover. The energy-gap dependence of maximum efficiency is evaluated for silicon, a variable-gap silicon-type material, and a fixed-gap silicon- type material. It is concluded that a cell with an energy gap of 1.78 eV leads to maximum or near-maximum performance in all cases, including that where the diffuse radiation component amounts to approximately 60%. F.G.M. A77-40201 ft Dynamic characteristics of the desulfurization plant boiler draft system for power stations. S. Inoue and T. Abe. Ishikawaiima-Harima Engineering Review, vol. 17, May 1977, p. 297-300. In Japanese, with abstract in English. Two desulfurization plants are used at the Isogo Power Station. The station (265,000 kW x 2 units) is provided with two coal-fired boilers employing the balanced draft system. The boiler draft system has by-pass dampers installed around the desulfurization plant. In case of trouble in the desulfurization plant, the by-pass dampers will be actuated to open quickly; and thereby the boiler furnace draft will fluctuate. A simulation is carried out to obtain the dynamic characteristics such as the draft fluctuation of the boiler draft system, which will appear until the boiler exhaust gas fan trip for the desulfurization plant and the by-pass dampers open. (Author) A77-40349 # Types of city development, energy supply, and possibilities for optimization (A varosfejlesztes valtozatai, az energia- ellatas es optimalas lehetosegei). P. Karady (Energiagazdalkodasi Intezet, Hungary). Energia es Atomtechnika, vol. 30, May 1977, p. 219-224. 6 refs. In Hungarian. The interaction between the availability of power and energy and the development of cities is discussed on examples of cities from antiquity to the present. The power needs of modern cities are discussed. The need for city development as a system is stressed. P.T.H. 338 N77-22131 STAR ENTRIES N77-22112# Advisory Group for Aerospace Research and Development. Paris (France). VARIABLE GEOMETRY AND MULTICYCLE ENGINES 1976 459 p In ENGLISH: partly in FRENCH Presented at the 48th Meeting of the AGARD Propulsion and Energetics Panel held at the Ecole Nationale Superieure des Tech. Avancees. Paris, 6-9 Sep. 1976 (AGARD-CP-205) Avail: NTIS HC A20/MF A01 A broad variety of cycle investigations are presented along with work on geometry variation of individual engine components. Advanced performance for supersonic conventional takeoff and landing aircraft and VTOL aircraft, high speed turboprops, fuel conservation, low noise, low exhaust emission, and integrated control systems are among the topics discussed. N77-22116# Motoren- und Turbinen-Union Muencnen G.m.b.H. (West Germany). ADVANCED ENGINE DESIGN CONCEPTS AND THEIR INFLUENCE ON THE PERFORMANCE OF MULTI-ROLE COMBAT AIRCRAFT H. Grieb and E. Ackermann In AGARD Variable Geometry and Multicycle Eng. 1976 15 p refs Avail: NTIS HC A20/MF A01 Engine design concepts which combine the advantages of the reheated turbojet with the advantages of the reheated turbofan are considered. Emphasis is placed on the demands placed on the power plant by a multirole weapon system. Variable geometry and the penalty in engine weight and complexity are among the factors discussed. It is shown that the variable cycle engine improves the performance of multirole combat aircraft. Author N77-22117# Naval Air Propulsion Test Center. Trenton. N.J. VARIABLE CYCLE ENGINES FOR V/STOL FIGHTERS John R. Facey and Fred C. Glaser (McDonnell Douglas Corp.. St. Louis) In AQARD Variable Geometry and Multicycle Eng. 1976 10 p ref Avail: NTIS HC A20/MF A01 The impact of variable cycle engines on advanced V/STOL multimission fighters was studied. A program description is given along with a summary of results and conclusions drawn from the initial phase of the program. Author N77-22125# General Electric Co., Cincinnati. Ohio. .Aircraft Engine Group. VARIABLE CYCLE ENGINE APPLICATIONS .AND CONSTRAINTS Robert J. Payzer In AGARD Variable Geometry and Multicycle Eng. 1976 13 p Avail: NTIS HC A20/MF A01 The potential applications for variable cycle engines are discussed along with the payoffs for variable cycle engines and the constraints on these engines both from a totally installed aspect, as well as the internal engine restrictions. Author N77-22126# United Technologies Corp.. East Hartford, Conn. HIGH EFFICIENCY ENGINE CYCLES FOR AIR TRANSPORT FUEL ECONOMY D. E: Gray In AGARD Variable Geometry and Multicycle Eng. 1976 10 p refs Avail:. NTIS HC A20/MF A01 The effects of projected gas turbine technological progress, unconventional thermodynamic processes, and advanced propul- sion devices are assessed in terms of their fuel savings potential. The operating characteristics of two selected propulsion systems - an advanced turbofan and a turboprop engine - are projected and compared at points along a transport flight profile. The applicability of engine component geometry variation to improve propulsion system efficiency is also reviewed. Author N77-22127# Hamilton Standard, Windsor Locks. Conn. MULTI-MISSION USES FOR PROP-FAN PROPULSION A. H. Jackson and B. S. Gatzen In AGARD Variable Geometry and Multicycle Eng. 1976 12 p refs Avail: NTIS HC A20/MF A01 ' Advanced turboprops or Prop-Fans are considered in terms of major reductions in fuel consumption. Aerodynamics, noise reduction, and structural design are discussed along with engine design and applications. J.M.S. N77-22128# Rolls-Royce Ltd.. Bristol (England). Aero Div. VARIABLE GEOMETRY IN THE GAS TURBINE - THE VARIABLE PITCH FAN ENGINE . R. M. Denning In AGARD Variable Geometry and Multicycle Eng. 1976 10 p refs Avail: NTIS HC A20/MF A01 A specific example of a variable pitch engine, the M45SD-02, is examined. Wide speed range, high relative takeoff thrust, low noise, steep approach path control, fuel efficiency, and reverse thrust capability are among the characteristics discussed. Potential applications for the variable pitch engine are included. J.M.S. N77-22130# Messerschmitt-Boelkow-Blohm G.m.b.H., Munich (West Germany). Aircraft Div. THE INTERMITTENT JET FOR SUPERSONIC CONDITIONS INCREASED WITH PASSAGE TO OPERATING IN A RAMJET - A LOW COST ENGINE [LE PULSO-REACTEUR POUR REGIME SUBSONIQUE ELEVE AVEC PASSAGE AU FONCTIONNEMENT EN STATO-REACTEUR - UN MOTEUR DE FAIBLE PRIX DE REVIENT] W. K. Eick In AGARD Variable Geometry and Multicycle Eng. 1976 27 p refs In FRENCH Avail: NTIS HC A20/MF A01 The results of preliminary studies made on a jet engine without a safety-valve are reported. Essential parameters were studied in detail to determine their influence on thrust characteris- tics and fuel consumption. Transl. by B.B. N77-22131# Pisa Univ. (Italy). PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS OF TURBO-ROCKETS AND TURBO-RAMJETS USING HIGH ENERGY FUEL Dino Dini In AGARD Variable Geometry and Multicycle Eng. 1976 30 p refs Avail: NTIS HC A20/MF A01 The aerodynamic and thermodynamic behavior of turborockets and turboramjets is considered. By means of variable engine geometry, multicycle engines meet aircraft requirements for takeoff, climb, cruise, maneuver, loiter, and landing. Performance characteristics are evaluated for these conditions, taking into account variable geometry in some intake and exhaust configura- tions. Problems arising from future high energy fuels, particularly hydrogen, impose changes in interface components, geometry, and control. Preliminary designs of turborockets and turboramjets for military and civil applications are discussed. Author 339 N77-22140 N77-2214O# Technische Hochschule. Munich (West Germany). Aerospace Inst. THE PROS AND CONS OF VARIABLE GEOMETRY TURBINES H. G. Muenzberg and J. Kurzke In AGARD Variable Geometry and Multicycle Eng. 1976 12 p ref Avail: NTIS HC A20/MF A01 Analysis of the advantages of variable geometry turbines indicates that an adjustable stator in the low pressure of a two spool turbojet is of no explicit advantage. The shape of the compressor performance map could be so altered that, even in a simple example, a stator adjustment would result in an improvement of fuel consumption. In this case, stator adjustment proves'to be advantageous. Such a result cannot be considered as generally valid, because only the characteristic of one specific engine can be altered, and then only in the form of a remedial measure. Variable geometry can be advantageous for flight missions in which the engine is run for long periods of time at a very low partial load. • Author N77-22141# Air Force Aero Propulsion Lab.. Wright-Patterson AFB. Ohio. POTENTIAL IMPROVEMENTS IN ENGINE PERFORMANCE USING A VARIABLE GEOMETRY TURBINE Robert J. May. Jr.. Wayne A Tall, and H. Ivan Bush In AGARD Variable Geometry and Multicycle Eng. 1976 16 p refs Avail: NTIS HC A20/MF A01 Installed performance characteristics of a fixed geometry turbofan. a fixed geometry turbojet, and a variable geometry turbojet are compared for typical subsonic cruise, supersonic cruise and combat flight conditions. Results indicate that for applications where both subsonic and supersonic fuel consumptions are important, a variable geometry turbine turbojet can offer substantial reductions in fuel usage. Author N77-22142# Rolls-Royce Ltd., Bristol (England). Bristol Engine Group. VARIABLE FLOW TURBINES R. J. Latimer In AGARD Variable Geometry and Multicycle Eng. 1976 6 p Avail: NTIS HC A20/MF A01 Varying turbine flow capacity by restaggering the stator blades or by restricting the annulus is considered! A brief survey of research into controlling the turbine flow is given along with conclusions. J.M.S. N77-22143# Motoren- und Turbinen-Union Muenchen G.m.b.H. (West Germany). EXPERIENCE WITH A ONE STAGE VARIABLE GEOMETRY AXIAL TURBINE J. Hourmouziadis. K. Hagemeister, O. Rademacher. and H. Kolben In AGARD Variable Geometry and Multicycle Eng. 1976 9 p refs Avail: NTIS HC A20/MF A01 Based on steady-state and transient performance characteris- tics of a two spool turboshaft engine, the possible improvements resulting from a variable geometry power turbine are discussed and the design requirements defined. The aerodynamic design of a turbine fulfilling these requirements is described, and the predicted power turbine characteristic is presented and compared with component test results. The design and development of the hot environment variable stator mechanism is described, including consideration of the vane positioning accuracy and response characteristics. Performance test results and the problems encountered with the turbine operating in a full scale engine are presented. Mechanical aspects such as the long term endurance capability of the variable stator mechanism, as well as vibrational problems of the rotor blading caused by the variable geometry, are discussed. Author N77-22263# Brookhaven National Lab.. Upton. N.Y. CONCRETE-POLYMER MATERIALS FOR GEOTHERMAL APPLICATIONS Progress Report. Oct. - Dec. 1975 1975 22 p refs (Contract E(30-1)-16) (BNL-20865: PR-7) Avail: NTIS HC A02/MF A01 The availabitity of durable and economic materials of construction for handling hot brine and steam is a serious problem in the development of geothermal energy. The standard grouting materials used to cement well casings into the ground are severely attacked by brine and steam at temperatures greater than 200 C. Progress in the research program to determine if concrete- polymer composite materials can be utilized in geothermal power systems, initiated in April 1974. is reported. Author (ERA) N77-22270# Naval Air Development Center. Warminster. Pa. Air Vehicle Technology Dept. ANTIWEAR ADDITIVES. WEAR STUDIES ON CHEMICAL ADDITION AGENTS FOR IMPARTING AN EFFECTIVE LUBRICATING RESPONSE IN POLYSILOXANE (SILICONE) FLUIDS Progress Report James L Hammond and Alfeo A. Conte. Jr. 2 Jul. 1976 56 p refs (AD-A033527: NADC-76226-30) Avail: NTIS HC A04/MF A01 CSCL11/8 An additive package based on chlorendate and thiadiazole molecular structures has been discovered which imparts antiwear properties to tetrachlorophenylmethyl siloxane fluids that have been previously unattainable. For the first time a polysiloxane based fluid possessing antiwear properties comparable to such outstanding lubricants as petroleum oils, synthetic hydrocarbons, diesters and phosphate esters was formulated. In addition, a detailed analysis of the modification of friction surfaces (steel-on- steel) using organophosphate addition agents in polysiloxane fluids has refuted the commonly held belief that the inability of antiwear additives to function in polysiloxane media at low concentrations is due to the fact that the additive is substantially excluded from the surface. Evidence is presented to show that additive- surface interactions are indeed prevalent resulting in ah antagonis- tic (pro-wear) action. In one specific instance depending on load and concentration a beneficial lubricating response is achieved with a tetrachlorophenyl methyl siloxane fluid containing alkyl- phosphate derivatives. The use of organo-phosphates as antiwear agents in polysiloxane has previously proved unfruitful, therefore, these results represent a significant area for further study. GRA N77-22290*# Jet Propulsion Lab., Calif. Inst. of Tech.. Pasadena. HYDROGEN-ENRICHMENT-CONCEPT PRELIMINARY EVALUATION Miial Report E. Ecklund 15 Dec. 1975 221 p refs Sponsored by NASA. ERDA and EPA (NASA-CR-152814: JPL-1200-237: TEC-75/007) Avail: NTIS HC A10/MF A01 CSCL21D , A hydrogen-enriched fuels concept for automobiles is described and evaluated in terms of fuel consumption and engine exhaust emissions through multicyiinder (V-8) automotive engine/hydrogen generator tests, single cylinder research engine (CFR) tests, and hydrogen-generator characterization tests. Analytical predictions are made of the fuel consumption and NO/sub' x/ emissions which would result from anticipated engine improvements. The hydrogen-gas generator, which was tested to quantify its thermodynamic input-output relationships was used for integrated testing of the V-8 engine and generator. ERA N77-22291# Battelle Pacific Northwest Labs.. Richland. Wash. POTENTIAL FOR PRODUCING AND MARKETING GASO- LINE SUBSTITUTES FROM WESTERN COAL J. W. Currie and D. J. Braun Sep. 1976 57 p refs (Contract £(45-11-1830) (BNWL-2080IRAP-4)) Avail: NTIS HC A04/MF A01 A multisector model with regional detail was required to thoroughly assess the likelihood of commercial-scale liquefaction occurring in Montana and Wyoming under market conditions. 340 N77-22398 Significant information was obtained from a constrained partial analysis. Some fundamental terminology used in this analysis is reviewed. Future demand and potential supply of gasoline from domestic crude oil are treated. The costs of supplying synthetic gasoline and methanol from western coal as well as the qualitative aspect of these fuels are examined. The supply and demand functions are solved simultaneously under various import schemes to trace out a family of gasoline-market equilibrium price curves over time. Three scenarios are then analyzed by comparing^ the costs of supplying synthetic fuels with the market equilibrium prices for gasoline. Market potential for the synthetic fuels is estimated for a wide range of coal prices. ERA N77-22292# Federal Energy Administration. Washington. D. C. Office of Energy Information and Analysis. PETROLEUM MARKET SHARES: A REPORT ON SALES OF DISTILLATE AND RESIDUAL FUEL OIL TO ULTIMATE CONSUMERS, 1975 Jun. 1976 57 p refs (PB-260565/7; FEA/B-76/352) Avail: NTIS HC A04/MF A01 CSCL 21 D Nationally, refiner-marketers sold approximately 42 percent of their distillate fuel oil in 1975 to ultimate consumers (i.e.. end-users and wholesale purchasers-consumers), and 58 percent of their volume to independent marketers as either branded or npnbranded product. Refiner-marketers sold nationally ap- proximately 80 percent of their 1975 residual fuel to ultimate consumers and 20 percent of their volume to independent marketers as branded or nonbranded product. GRA N77-22293# University Engineers. Inc., Norman. Okla. SMALL SCALE TESTS ON CONTROL METHODS FOR SOME LIQUEFIED NATURAL GAS HAZARDS Final Report L. E. Brown. W. E. Martinsen. S. P. Muhlenkamp, and G. L Puckett May 1976 81 p refs (Contract DOT-CG-42355-A) (AD-A033522: UE-308-FR; U SCG-D-95-76) Avail: NTIS HC A05/MF A01 CSCL 11/7 A report of results of small scale (100 square ft) tests of some liquefied natural gas (LNG) hazard control mjthods and concepts. Tests were run to estimate dry chemical flow rate requirements for the extinguishment of fires from LNG pools with obstructions in the pool area and fires from LNG pools on water in a containment. Objectives were to obtain data for design of large-scale tests. Other small-scale tests examined the feasibility of other concepts for controlling hazards from spills of liquefied natural gas. Agent application rates required for extinguishment of obstructed LNG fires and LNG fires on water are not different from those effective on unobstructed fires on dry surfaces (if the functionality between burning rate and application rate is accounted for). Care must be exercised to assure uniform powder distribution on obstructed fires. Tests of water spray screens to reduce downwind vapor concentrations showed that the concept is practical and effective for small LNG spills, and that the mechanism of reduction is the addition of turbulence in the vapor zone. Tests of water spray screens to reduce radiant heating of exposures demonstrated no practical value for the concept except as an uneconomical alternative where spray directly on the exposure is not possible Author (GRA) N77-222S4# Federal Energy Administration, Washington. D. C. Strategic Petroleum Reserve Office. STRATEGIC PETROLEUM RESERVE. FINAL ENVIRONMEN- TAL IMPACT STATEMENT FOR BAYOU CHOCTAW SALT DOME Dec. 1976 613 p refs (PB-261984/9: FEA/S-76/501) Avail: NTIS HC A99/MF A01 CSCL 21 D The purpose of the SPR is to mitigate the economic impacts of any future interruptions of the petroleum imports. The Bayou Choctaw site, a salt dome with existing cavities located in Iberville Parish. Louisiana, was identified as a candidate site for the ESR because it offers the advantage of large storage capacity, easy access to the distribution network, and a relatively short preparation period. This site-specific EIS analyzes the environmen- tal impacts caused by site preparation and operation. GRA N77-22295# Pennsylvania State Univ.. University Park. Dept. of Mineral Economics. HISTORICALTRENDS IN COAL UTILIZATION AND SUPPLY Final Report Richard L. Gorden and George H. K. Schenck Aug. 1976 631 p refs (Grant DI-BM-GO 155116) (PB-261278/6; BM-OFR-121-76) Avail: NTIS HC A99/MF A01 CSCL 21 D Historical behavior of coal consumption, the forces that are affecting prospective coal use. and various scenarios of future consumption in selected markets were considered. GRA N77-22297# Oak Ridge National Lab,. Tenn. Thermonuclear Div. CRYOGENIC POWER TRANSMISSION TECHNOLOGY: CRYOGENIC DIELECTRICS Quarterly Report, 1 Jan. - 31 Mar. 1976 Jul. 1976 72 p refs (Contract W-7405-eng-26) (ORNL/TM-5498: QR-13) Avail: NTIS HC A04/MF A01 Partial discharge inception and extinction were measured in various three-layer polymer film samples impregnated with pressurized cold helium gas. The behavior of the inception voltage is described with respect to variations in temperature, pressure, electrode geometry, and location of voids adjacent to the electrodes or midway through the dielectric. Preliminary dc breakdown tests on some of the same samples resulted in external flashover on the sample chamber rather than internal breakdown, but established a lower limit to the dc dielectric strength. The status of experimental equipment is reported, including improve- ments to low temperature thermometry instrumentation. The first of a series of bimonthly meetings was held to promote discussion of cryogenic dielectric problems between members of various superconducting power transmission line development projects. ERA N77-22393/? California Univ.. Berkeley. Lawrence Berkeley Lab. RESISTANCE OF SUPERCONDUCTING-NORMAL METAL- SUPERCONDUCTING SANDWICHES Ph.D. Thesis M. L. Rappaport Sep. 1976 200 p refs (Contract W-7405-eng-48) (LBL-5473) Avail: NTIS HC A09/MF A01 The resistance, R, of superconducting-normal, metal- superconducting (SNS) sandwiches was measured as a function of temperature. T, and measuring current. I. usually from 20 mK to T/sub cS/. A semi-phenomenological theory for the resistance of these sandwiches below T less than or or equal to 1 K which includes both temperature and current dependence was derived using the de-Gennes theory of the proximity effect and the idea of Andreev reflection. Comparing experimental and theoretical R vs T curves for T less than or equal to 1 K allows estimation of the magnitude of the pair potential in N. ERA N77-22398# TRW Defense and Space Systems Group, Redondo Beach, Calif. DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM FOR SOLID ELECTROLYTE BATTERIES Final Report, 1 Jul. 1975 - 30 Apr. 1976 Herbert P. Silverman. Lynn S. Marcoux, and Eddie T. Seo Sep. 1976 104 p refs (PB-260719/0: EPRI-EM-226) Avail: NTIS HC A06/MF A01 CSCL 10C The results of sodium-sulfur battery program are presented. The long-range objective of the program was the development and commercialization of sodium-sulfur battery for electric utility energy storage. The study demonstrated that the major challenges of developing the sodium-sulfur battery into a commercially viable energy-storage system are: (1) development of corrosion resistant 341 N77-22408 sulfur-electrode containers; (2) design and development of a less highly stressed seal; (3) fabrication of long-life electrolytes; and (4) design of cells capable of full utilization of the active positive-electrode material (sulfur). GRA N77-22408# Westinghouse Electric Corp.. Lima. Ohio. Aero- space Electrical Div. HIGH POWER STUDY. SUPERCONDUCTING GENERATORS Final Report, 2 Jun. 1975 - 1 Mar. 1976 A. E. King. C. C. Kouba. J. L. McCabria. and L. D. Smith 1 Mar. 1976 220 p refs (Contract F33615-75-C-2068) (AD-A031620; AFAPL-TR-76-37) Avail: NTIS HC A10/MF A01 CSCL 10/2 • This report summarizes the results of a design study of light weight, high power electrical generators in the 10 to 50 Megawatt range with output voltages up to 200 kV dc (after rectification). Superconducting machines representing the latest technology were the focus of the study; non-superconducting machines utilizing the most advanced conventional design technologies were also studied to develop comparable performance' data. Turbine requirements and integration features were studied to assure compatibility. A separate analysis of MHD electrical generator designs was also carried out to highlight comparable performance data for that type of power source. Author (GRA) N77-22422*# Colorado State Univ.. Fort Collins. Dept. of Mechanical Engineering. AN INVESTIGATION OF ELECTROHYDRODYNAMIC HEAT PIPES Final Report R. I. Loehrke Mar. 1977 51 p refs (Grant NGR-06-002-127) (NASA-CR-151977) Avail: NTIS HC A04/MF A01 CSCL 20D The principles of electrohydrodynamic heat pip operation are first discussed. Evaporator conductance experiments are then described, A heat pipe was designed in which grooved and ungrooved evaporator surfaces could be interchanged to evaluate the necessity of capillary grooves. Optimum electrode spacing was also studied. Finally, heat convection in evaporating thin films is considered. D.M.L N77-22432# Hawaii Univ.. Honolulu. Dept. of Mechanical Engineering. SIMILARITY SOLUTIONS FOR MIXED CONVECTION FROM HORIZONTAL IMPERMEABLE SURFACES IN SATURATED POROUS MEDIA Ping Cheng Aug. 1976 24 p refs (Contract £(04-31-1093; Grant NSF GI-38319) (PB-261561/5; HGP-TR-16: NSF/RA-760375) Avail: NTIS HC' A02/MF A01 CSCL 081 Boundary layer analysis is performed for mixed convection about a horizontal flat plate in a saturated porous medium with aiding external flows, where the governing parameter is found to be Ra /(Re Pr) to the 3/2 power. Similarity solutions are obtained for horizontal flat plates at zero angle of attack with constant heat flux, and stagnation point flows about horizontal flat plates with wall temperature varying as (T sub W) alpha (x squared). Temperature and velocity profiles for these two cases at .selected values of Ra / (Re Pr) to the 3/2 power are presented. GRA JV77-22469# Princeton Univ., N.J. Plasma Physics Lab. OPTIMIZATION OF FUSION-DRIVEN FISSIONING SYS- TEMS R. G. Mills and D. L. Chapin Oct. 1976 10 p refs Presented at the Joint US-USSR Symp. on Fusion-Fission Hybrid Reactors. Livermore. Calif.. 13 Jul. 1976 (Contract Ed 1-D-3073) (PPPL-1285; Conf-760733-5) Avail: NTIS HC A02/MF A01 • Potential advantages of hybrid or fusion/fission systems can be exploited in different ways. With selection of the U-238-Pu-239 fuel cycle, it is show that the system has greatest value as a power producer. Numerical examples of relative revenue from power production vs. Pu-239 production are discussed, and possible plant characteristics described. The analysis tends to show that the hybrid may be more economically attractive than pure fusion systems. ERA N77-22484*# National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Washington. D. C. SAFETY FLYWHEEL Patent Application Richard T. Schneider, inventor (to NASA) (Fla. Univ.. Gainesville) Filed 17 Jan. 1977 11 p Sponsored by NASA (NASA-Case-HQN-10888-1: US-Patent-Appl-SN-760057) Avail: NTIS HC A02/MF A01 CSCL 131 An inertial energy storage device is disclosed employing a safety flywheel which is made of flexible material such as a twisted rope ring. The rigidity required for such a device is achieved through centrifugal forces inherent in such a device when it is operating. A small number of the strands of the rope ring have a tensile strength that is lower than the vast majority of the strands of the rope ring whereby should any of these strands fail, they will begin to whiplash allowing such a failure to be detected and braked before a catastrophic failure occurs. This is accomplished by the inclusion of glass tubes located around the periphery of the flywheel The tubes are in communication with a braking fluid reservoir. The flywheel and glass tubes are enclosed within a vacuum-tight housing. NASA N77-22490# Southwest Research Inst.. San Antonio. Tex. Army Fuels and Lubricants Research Lab. PERFORMANCE OF ARMY ENGINES WITH UNLEADED GASOLINE-FIELD STUDY EVALUATION Final Report John D. Tosh Oct. 1976 118 p refs (Contracts DAAK02-75-C-0082; OAAD05-72-C-0427) (AD-A032075; AFLRL-82) Avail: NTIS HCA06/MFA01 CSCL 21/4 All gasoline-powered vehicles and equipment at six U.S. Army installations were operated during the evaluation period on W-G-001690A Regular Grade unleaded gasoline. Special Grade 91.0 RON unleaded gasoline was specified but was unavailable: therefore, unleaded gasoline in the 92.0-94.0 RON range was used throughout the program. During this evaluation period, no detrimental effects were noted on material handling equipment (MHE), engineer support equipment, or commercial, tactical, or combat vehicles operated under typical daily military operation. Also, no increases in maintenance operating costs were noted during this evaluation. , Author (GRA) N77-22S87# Hawaii Univ., Honolulu. Dept. of Mechanical Engineering. THE INFLUENCE OF LATERAL MASS EFFLUX ON FREE CONVECTION BOUNDARY LAYERS IN A SATURATED POROUS MEDIUM Ping Cheng 28 Apr. 1976 23 p refs (Contract £(04-31-1093; Grant NSF GI-38319) (PB-261558/1; HGP-TR-13; NSF/RA-760372) Avail: NTIS HC A02/MF A01 CSCL 081 The effects of lateral mass efflux with prescribed temperature and velocity on vertical free convection boundary layers in a saturated porous medium at high Rayleigh numbers are studied. Within the framework of boundary layer theory, similarity solutions are obtained for the special case where the prescribed temperature and velocity of the fluid vary as (x to the lambda power) and (x to the power((lambda-1)/2)1 respectively. The effects of mass efflux on surface heat transfer rate and boundary layer thickness are shown. Application to warm water discharge along a well or fissure to an aquifer of infinite extent is discussed. GRA N77-22591# Federal Energy Administration, Washington, D. C. Strategic Petroleum Reserve Office. STRATEGIC PETROLEUM RESERVE PLAN (PUBLIC LAW 94-163. SECTION 154) 15 Dec. 1976 249 p (PB-261737/1: FEA/S-76;458) Avail: NTIS HC A15/MF A01 CSCL 21D' 342 N77-22613 The Energy Policy and Conservation Act requires the FEA to implement the Strategic Petroleum Reserve in order to mitigate the economic impacts of any future interruptions of petroleum imports. One hundred fifty MMB of oil will be stored by 1978 in the Early Storage Reserve, and five hundred MMB will be stored by 1982 under the full program. GRA N77-22596# Hawaii Univ.. Honolulu. Hawaii Geothermal Project. LEGAL AND PUBLIC POLICY SETTING FOR GEOTHERMAL RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT IN HAWAII Robert M. Kamins and Donald Kornreich Feb. 1976 102 p refs Sponsored by NSF and ERDA (PB-262910/3; NSF/RA-760400) Avail: NTIS HC A06/MF A01 CSCL 08! Social policy issues raised by the prospects for geothermal resource development in the state of Hawaii are considered. Exploration of the geothermal potential, legal considerations, regulation of geothermal resource exploitation, and state geothermal development policy are discussed. GRA N77-22602 j California Univ.. Riverside. Inst. of Geophysics and Planetary Physics. ON SHALLOW-HOLE TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENTS. A TEST STUDY IN THE SALTON SEA GEOTHERMAL FIELD Tien-Chang Lee 1976 40 p refs (Grant NSF AER-72-03551) (PB-262643/0; IGPP-UCR-76-6; NSF/RA-760426) Avail: NTIS HC A03/MF A01 CSCL 08! Two numerical methods based on non-linear least-squares curve fitting are derived to remove the effect of annual temperature wave at the ground surface. One method gives the gradient and diffusivity as a function of depth while the other gives the weighted average values. Experiments were carried out in six test holes cased with 2 cm O.D. pvc pipes in the Salton Sea geothermal field. GRA N77-22603# Colorado School of Mines. Golden. GEOTHERMAL EXPLORATION: AN EVALUATION OF THE MICROSEISMIC GROUNDNOISE METHOD Ph.D. Thesis Jacob Jerome Skokan 1974 126 p refs (PB-262575/4: T-1701: NSF/RA/N-74-318) Avail: NTIS HC A07/MF A01 CSCL 08! An attempt to test the geothermal-groundnoise hypothesis-- that is: geothermal reservoirs are dynamic systems and can be ' located by measuring ground motion above them-resulted in extensive groundnoise surveys in two areas which appear to have great geothermal potential. These surveys were carried out at Kilauea Volcano, and the East Rift of Kilauea Volcano, on the island of Hawaii. Even in this relatively ideal environment. the surveys indicated changes in the acoustic properties of rocks, rather than changes in groundnoise activity resulting from dynamic geothermal reservoirs. GRA N77-22604| Little (Arthur D.), Inc., Cambridge. Mass. OUTER CONTINENTAL SHELF OIL AND GAS COSTS AND PRODUCTION VOLUME: THEIR IMPACT ON THE NATION'S ENERGY BALANCE TO 1990 Final Report Frederick W. Mansvelt Beck and Karl M. Wiig Jul. 1976 241 p refs (Contract DI-08550-CTS-48) (PB-262533/3: ADL-78526: BLM/SE-77-01) Avail: NTIS HC A11/MF A01 CSCL 081 The costs of finding and producing oil and gas in the OCS. estimates of the quantities likely to be produced in 1980, 1985. and 1990 under various price scenarios, and estimates of the potential regional and national impact on energy demand and supply are given. The resource estimates for the Outer Continental Shelf provided by the USGS were for offshore areas with water not deeper than 600 feet. GRA N77-22608*# National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Lewis Research Center, Cleveland, Ohio. PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEM TEST FACILITY ELECTROMAG- NETIC INTERFERENCE MEASUREMENTS J. A. Johnson. F. P. Herke. Jr.. and W. D. Knapp Apr. 1977 12 p ref (Contract E(49-26(-1022) (NASA-TM-X-73640: E-9142: E R D A / N A S A - 1 0 2 2 / 7 7 / 1 1) Avail. NTIS HC A02/MF A01 CSCL 10A Field strength measurements on a single row of panels indicates that the operational mode of the array as configured presents no radiated EMI problems. Only one relatively significant frequency band near 200 kHz showed any degree of intensity (9 muV/m including a background level of 5 muV/m). The level was measured very near the array (at 20 ft distance) while Federal Communications Commission (fCC) regulations limit spurious emissions to 15 muV/m at 1.000 ft. No field strength readings could be obtained even at 35 ft distant. Author N77-22609*# National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Lewis Research Center, Cleveland, Ohio. ERDA/LEWIS R E S E A R C H CENTER PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEMS TEST FACILITY A. E. Forestieri. J. A. Johnson, W. D. Knapp. H. Rigo. J Stover. and R. Suhay Apr. 1977 34 p (Contract E(49-26)-1022) (NASA-TM-X-73641: E-9147: ERDA/NASA-1022 /77 /1 2) Avail: NTIS HC A03/MF A01 CSCL 10A A national photovoltaic power systems test facility (of initial 10-kW peak power rating) is described. It consists of a solar array to generate electrical power, test-hardware for several alternate methods of power conversion, electrical energy storage systems, and an instrumentation and data acquisition system. Author N77-22611*# Jet Propulsion Lab., Calif. Inst. of Tech.. Pasadena. A LIGHTWEIGHT SOLAR ARRAY STUDY Robert H.Josephs 15 Feb. 1977 39 p refs (Contract NAS7-100) (NASA-CR-152676: JPL-Publ-77-3) Avail: NTIS HC A03/MF A01 CSCL10A A sample module was assembled to model a portion of a flexible extendable solar array, a type that promises to become the next generation of solar array design. The resulting study of this module is intended to provide technical support to the array designer for lightweight component selection, specifications, and tests. Selected from available lightweight components were 127-micron-thick wrap-around contacted solar cells. 34- micron-thick sputtered glass covers, and as a substrate' 'a 13-micron-thick polyimide film clad with a copper printed circuit. Each component displayed weaknesses. The thin solar cells had excessive breakage losses. Sputtered glass cover adhesion was poor, and the covered cell was weaker than the cell uncovered. Thermal stresses caused some cell delamination from the model solar array substrate. 'Author • N77-22612*# Jet Propulsion Lab.. Calif. Inst. of Tech.. Pasadena. AN INITIAL COMPARATIVE ASSESSMENT OF ORBITAL AND TERRESTRIAL CENTRAL POWER SYSTEMS Final Report Richard Caputo Mar. 1977 160 p refs (Contract NAS7-100) (NASA-CR-152688: JPL-Doc-900-780) Avail: NTl'S HC A08/MF A01 CSCL 10A Orbital solar power plants, which beam power to earth by microwave, are compared with ground-based solar and conven- tional baseload power plants. Candidate systems were identified for three types of plants and the selected plant designs were then compared on the basis of economic and social costs. The representative types of plant selected for the comparison are: light water nuclear reactor: turbines using low BTU gas from coal: central receiver with steam turbo-electric conversion and thermal storage: silicon photovoltaic power plant without tracking and including solar concentration and redox battery storage; and silicon photovoltaics. Author N77-22613*# Jet Propulsion Lab., Calif. Inst. of Tech.. Pasadena. SOLAR ENERGY IN BUILDINGS: IMPLICATIONS FOR CALIFORNIA ENERGY POLICY Alan S. Hirshberg and E. S. Davis Mar. 1977 136 p refs Sponsored in part by California Energy Resources Conservation and Development Commission (Contract NAS7-100) (NASA-CR-152686; JPL-Doc-5040-42) Avail: NTIS HC A07/MF A01 CSCL 10A 343 N77-22614 energy designs are described, as well as the sizing of solar energy systems and their performance. The cost of solar energy systems is given both at current prices and at prices consistent with optimistic estimates for the cost of collectors. The main institutional barriers to the wide spread use of solar energy are summarized. Author N77-22614*# Duke Univ.. Durham. N.C. School of Engineer- ing. A THEORY OF CONTROL FOR A CLASS OF ELECTRONIC POWER PROCESSING SYSTEMS: ENERGY-STORAGE dc-TO-dc CONVERTERS Ph.D. Thesis William W. Burns. Ill 25 Apr. 1977 257 p refs (Grant NGL-34-001-001) (NASA-CR-152696) Avail: NTIS HC A12/MF A01 CSCL 10A An analytically derived approach to the control of energy- storage dc-to-dc converters, which enables improved system performance and an extensive understanding of the manner in which this improved performance is accomplished, is presented. The control approach is derived from a state-plane analysis of dc-to-dc converter power stages which enables a graphical visualization of the movement of the system state during both steady state and transient operation. This graphical representation of the behavior of dc-to-dc converter systems yields considerable qualitative insight into the cause and effect relationships which exist between various commonly used converter control functions and the system performance which results from them. Author N77-22615*# National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Lewis Research Center. Cleveland. Ohio. METHOD FOR PRODUCING SOLAR ENERGY PANELS BY AUTOMATION Patent Application John C. Evans, Jr.. inventor (to NASA) Filed 25 Apr. 1977 24 p (NASA-Case-LEW-12541-1: US-Patent-Appl-SN-790637) Avail: NTIS HC A02/MF A01 CSCL 10A The solar cell, panel is fabricated by photoetching a pattern of collector grid systems with appropriate interconnection and bus bar tabs into a glass or plastic sheet and then filling these regions with a first, thin conductive metal film followed by a layer of a mixed metal oxide such as InAsO or InSnO. A multiplicity of solar cells are bonded between the protective sheet at the sites of the collector grid systems and a backelectrode substrate by conductive metal filled epoxy to complete the fabrication of an integrated, solar panel. NASA N77-22617# Oak Ridge National Lab., Tenn. THERMAL ENERGY STORAGE FOR BUILDING HEATING AND COOLING APPLICATIONS Quarterly Progress Report. Apr. - Jun. 1976 H. W. Hoffman and R. J. Kedl Nov. 1976 13 p (Contract W-7405-eng-26) (ORNL/TM-5700) Avail: NTIS HC A02/MF A01 Development of a time-dependent analytical model charged with a phase-change material was started. Preliminary data were obtained on the melt-freeze cycle behavior and viscosities of sodium thiosulfate pentahyrlrate and a mixture of Glauber's salt" and borax; limited melt-freeze data were obtained on two paraffin waxes. ERA N77-22618# Oak Ridge National Lab.. Tenn. IMPACT OF ALTERNATE FUELS ON INDUSTRIAL REFRAC- TORIES AND REFRACTORY INSULATION APPLICATIONS: AN ASSESSMENT G. C. Wei and V. J. Tennery Sep 1976 93 p refs (Contract W-7405-eng-26) l'ORNL/TM-5592) Avail: NTIS HC A05/MF A01 The effects of use of alternate fuels such as distillate oils, residual oils. coal, producer gas. and electricity on refractory insulation are evaluated. Sections are included on alternate fuels, assessment by industry of fuel conversion impact on industrial refractories, interactions of alternate fuel combustion products with refractories and refractory insulation, and analysis of degradation mechanisms in refractories and refractory materials. ERA N77-22620# Brookhaven National Lab.. Upton. N.Y. HYDROGEN STORAGE. WATER ELECTROLYSIS AND FUEL CELLS FOR ELECTRIC ENERGY STORAGE f. J. Salzano. C. Braun. A. Beaufrere, S. Srinivasan. G. Strickland, and J. J. Reilly Apr. 1976 37 p refs Presented at Symp. on Energy Storage by an Electrochem. Method: Some New Methods. Grenoble. France. 9 Apr. 1976 (Contract E(30-1)-16) (BNL-21498: Conf-760482-1) Avail: NTIS HC A03/MF A01 The process and physical configuration, performance and costs of such a system are presented and discussed, as well as the prognosis for eventual application in a utility system. The key requirement necessary to make hydrogen production attractive for utility applications is the flexible and maximum utilization of the capital facilities required for production, storage, and where applicable, electric conversion. ERA N77-22621# Energy Research and Development Administration. Washington. D.C. Div. of Solar Energy. SOLAR ENERGY ENVIRONMENTAL AND RESOURCE ASSESSMENT PROGRAM Summary Report Oct. 1976 53 p (ERDA-76-138) Avail:-NTIS HC A04/MF'A01 The goals, mission, and organization- of the ERA Program are presented. The four ERA program areas are: environmental assessment, technology assessment, - resource assessment, and material assessment. This report defines the scope of activities within each of the above program areas. Project summaries or abstracts for all projects are included. ERA N77 22623# Los Alamos Scientific Lab.. N. Mex. GEOTHERMAL CHEMISTRY ACTIVITIES AT LASL Progress Report. Jan. - Dec. 1975 J. Balagna, R. Charles, and R. Vidale Oct. 1976 30 p refs (Contract W-7405-eng-36) (LA-6448-PR) Avail: NTIS HC A03/MF A01 The nature of rock-fluid interactions was studied using both new and standard hydrothermal systems. Permeability measure- ments using a newly developed technique to allow measurements at elevated temperature and pressure (up. to 200 C and 0.4 kb confining pressure) show granite has a minimum in situ permeability of a few tenths of a microdarcy. Noncirculating systems, rocking vessels and static vessels are used to approximate the steady state reactions found in a slow moving geothermal system. Solutions in these, systems approach steady state equilibrium in a matter of hours. The sequence of mineral reactivity is quartz greater than feldspar much greater than mafic, minerals for all solutions used. Solution •composition reached a steady state in a few days in the temperature range 200 C to 300 C. ERA N77-22624# Sandia Labs.. Livermore. Calif. DEVELOPMENT OF THE SOLAR POWER CENTRAL RECEIVER CONCEPT L M. Murphy and A. C. Skinrood Sep. 1976 26 p refs (Contract EI29-11-789) (SAND-76-8677) Avail: NTIS HC A03/MF A01 The role and use of the Sandia solar thermal test facility, is described. Futhermore. details of particular subsystem compo- nents, as well as potentially fruitful research areas for Sandia and other development laboratories to pursue which can lead to performance improvements, are discussed. ERA NIT-22626 j Energy Research and Development Administration. Bartlesville, Okla. Energy Research Center. HEATING OILS. 1976 Ella Mae Shelton Aug. 1976 43 p refs (BERC/PPS-76/4) Avail: NTIS HC A03/MF A01 Properties of 297 heating oils marketed in the United States were submitted for study and compilation. The fuels were manufactured by petroleum refining companies in domestic refineries. The data are tabulated according to six grades of fuel and subdivided into five geographic regions in which the fuels are marketed. The five regions containing a total of 16 marketing districts are shown on a map in the report. Trend charts are 344 N77-22636 included showing average properties of the six grades of fuel for the past several years. Summaries of the results of the tests by grade and by region for 1976 compared with data for 1975. ERA N77-22627# California Univ.. Livermore. Lawrence Livermore Lab. ENERGY AND TECHNOLOGY REVIEW Robert W. Selden. ed.. Richard B. Crawford, ed.. Kent L. Cummings, ed., and Judyth K. Prono. ed. Aug. 1976 18 p refs (Contract W-7405-eng-48) (UCRL-52000-76-8) Avail: NTIS HC A02/MF A01 The electric gun, a versatile tool for studying initiation properties of expolsives; microcomputers and computer networks; and the preferred parts concept, which may mean that metric conversion will pay for itself by elimination of duplication, are described. Brief items also report on progress in geothermal programs, the lithium-'water-air battery program, and uncertain conclusions in the study of ozone' depletion. Separate abstracts are prepared for the individual articles for inclusion in the data base. ERA N77-22629# Argonne National Lab.. III. Solar Energy Group. PRISMS WITH TOTAL INTERNAL REFLECTION AS SOLAR REFLECTORS Ari Rabl May 1976 37 p refs (Contract W-31-109-eng-38) (ANL-SOL-76-04) Avail: NTIS HC A03/MF A01 The suitability of TIR (Total Internal Reflection) prismatic reflectors for solar energy collection is investigated system- atically. ERA N77-22630# Du Pont de Nemours (E. I.) and Co., Wilmington. Del. Research and Development Div. ECONOMIC FEASIBILITY: FUEL GRADE METHANOL FROM COAL Arthur McGeorge 1976 61 p refs Sponsored by ERDA (TID-27156) Avail: NTIS HC A04/MF A01 A plant to make fuel grade methanol from coal based on partial oxidation pressure gasifiers and low pressure methanol synthesis is described. The process is capital intensive and thus is sensitive to plant investment but relatively insensitive to coal price. The financing method is important because of the capital intensive nature of the process. Shipping and distribution costs, assuming a mix of tank wagons, tank cars, unit trains and terminals, were estimated to be about 11 cents/gal. ERA N77-22631# Argonne National Lab., III. HIGH-PERFORMANCE BATTERIES FOR OFF-PEAK EN- ERGY STORAGE AND ELECTRIC-VEHICLE PROPULSION Progress Report, Apr. - Jun. 1976 Jul. 1976 62 p refs (Contract W-31-109-eng-38) (ANL-76-81) Avail: NTIS HC A04/MF A01 The present cells, which operate at 400 to 450 C, are vertically oriented, prismatic cells with a central positive electrode of FeS or FeS2, two facing negative electrodes of lithium-aluminum alloy, and an electrolyte of molten LiCI-KCI. Efforts are also under way to develop improved cell feedthroughs and electrode separators. Design work is in progress on a 30-kWh battery for a small four-passenger vehicle: this effort includes design calculations and setting specifications for the vehicle. Other battery engineering work is directed to the development of monitoring and cycling equipment and battery components. Cell chemistry studies include the wetting of materials by molten LiCI-KCI and potentiometric measurements on metal sulfide phases. Work is continuing on the development of alternative secondary cell systems. ERA N77 22632# Battelle Pacific Northwest Labs., Richland. Wash. USER MANUAL FOR GEOCOST: A COMPUTER MODEL FOR GEOTHERMAL COST ANALYSIS. VOLUME 2: BINARY CYCLE VERSION H. D. Huber. R. A. Walter, and C. H. Bloomster Mar. 1976 180 p refs (Contract E(45-1)-1830) (BNWL-1942-V2) Avail: NTIS HC A09/MF A01 A computer model called GEOCOST was developed to simulate the production of electricity from geothermal resources and calculate the potential costs of geothermal power. GEOCOST combines resource characteristics, power recovery technology, tax rates, and financial factors into one systematic model and provides the flexibility to individually or collectively evaluate their impacts on the cost of geothermal power. Both the geothermal reservoir and power plant are simulated to model the complete energy production system. In this version of GEOCOST, geothermal fluid is supplied from wells distributed throughout a hydrothermal reservoir through insulated pipelines to a binary power plant. The power plant is simulated using a binary fluid cycle in which the geothermal fluid is passed through a series of heat exchang- ers. ERA N77-22633# California Univ., Livermore. Lawrence Livermore Lab. FIBER COMPOSITE PROGRAM FOR FLYWHEEL APPLICA- TIONS Quarterly Progress Report. Jan. - Mar. 1976 R. G. Stone, T. T. Chiao, J. A. Rinde, L. S. Penn. L. L. Clements. and E. Wu May 1976 12 p (Contract W-7405-eng-48) (UCRL-50033-76-1) Avail: NTIS HC A02/MF A01 E-glass is the cheapest of the strong, light filamentary materials and thus a promising candidate for flywheels for which cost is more critical than weight. Performance data are meager and not considered reliable. Type 30 E-glass. a 2.000-filament per strand material, is being studied because large strands minimize winding time and costs. With the very large number of filaments per strand, difficulties were encountered in proper strand wetting, void content, uneveness of filaments, and the winding process. Also the strength of the strands exceeded the capacity of the standard stress-rupture fixtures. These difficulties have been resolved, and consistent, reliable data are now being obtained. Thermal as well as stress properties have been determined. New stress-rupture fixtures have been completed and testing started. ERA N77-22635# Sandia Labs., Albuquerque, N.Mex. FOCUSED SOLAR COLLECTOR ANALYSIS WITH AXIALLY VARYING INPUT DUE TO SHADOWING FROM ADJACENT COLLECTORS > D. 0. Lee and W. P. Schimmel. Jr. 1976 23 p refs Presented at Natl. Heat Transfer Conf.. St. Louis. Mo.. 8 Aug. 1976 Sponsored by ERDA (SAND-76-5061; Conf-760816-1) Avail: NTIS HC A02/MF A01 An analytical expression for the shadowing of a collector by adjacent units as a function of collector location, spacing, and orientation is presented. Hourly variations of solar input are accounted for as are the seasonal effects of solar zenith angle. Using the shadowing expression, an axial temperature differential analysis is used to determine the output of a linear focused solar collector being shadowed by adjacent collectors. Outputs for a typical spacing configuration are presented for a north- south oriented collector field. Calculations are based on fixed tilt east-west tracking systems. The effect of the time of day on the collector output is included for the equinoxes and solstices for Albuquerque, N. M. ERA N77-22636# Sandia Labs., Livermore, Calif. Solar Energy Technology Div. POTENTIAL OF A SOLAR COLLECTOR WITH A STATION- ARY SPHERICAL REFLECTOR AND A TRACKING ABSORB- ER FOR ELECTRICAL POWER PRODUCTION A.'M. Clausing (III. Univ., Urbana. III.) Aug. 1976 48 p refs (Contract E(29-1)-789) (SAND-76-8039) Avail: NTIS HC A03/MF A01 ' A fixed segment of a concave spherical mirror can be used to concentrate beam radiation onto a tracking absorber which 345 N77-22637 pivots about the center of curvature of the mirror. A possible economic .advantage of this system over concentrating collectors with tracking mirrors is reduced mirror cost. The characteristics, of this system are analytically studied. The strong influences of the geometrical parameters of the stationary reflector/tracking absorber system are established. The penalty caused by the fixed reflector and the influence of the absorber temperature is also determined. The daily and yearly variations in the power produced • by the system are presented. . ERA N77-22637# Energy Research and Development Administration. Washington. D.C. COMPARISON OF DIFFERENT WIND ENERGY CONVER- SION SYSTEMS. PART1: THE NOAH SYSTEM COMPARED WITH THE UURICH MUTTER SYSTEM 1976 10 p refs (Contract E(29-2)-3533) technological problems and examine alternatives for an initial .'•conceptual design of a noncircular Tokamak demonstration power i-reactor. It was shown that a demonstration power plant' can exhibit high net efficiency, a tritium breeding ratio greater than >-or equal to 1, and can provide the basis for technological and : economic scaling to commercial plants. The emphasis was to "examine areas unique to noncircular Tokamaks. The important systems and technological tradeoffs made to arrive at a consistent, i feasible reactor design are discussed along with commercial plant requirements, the low-exposure maintenance concept, the tritium handling system, the flowing plasma boundary impurity •••control, the field-shaping coil design, and the blanket and shield ^designs. ' ERA •, N77-22975# Los Alamos Scientific Lab., N. Mex - TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT OF LASER-FUSION POWER PRODUCTION j. L A. Booth and T. G. Frank 1976 21 p refs Presented at 2nd Topical Meeting on the Technol of Controlled Nucl. Fusion. ..Richland, Wash.. 21 Sep 1976 ' (Contract W-7405-eng-36) [(LA-UR-76-2060; CONF-760935-13) Avail: NTIS ,.HC A02/MF A01 ( The inherent features of lase-induced fusion, some laser-fusion jlreactor. concepts, and attendant means of utilizing the thermonu- 351 N77-22998 clear energy for commercial electric power generation are described. Theoretical fusion-pellet microexplosion energy release characteristics and the effects of pellet design options on pellet-microexplosion characteristics are discussed. The engineering feasibility of reactor cavities for which protection of cavity components is provided either by suitable ablative materials or by diversion of plasmas by magnetic fields is assessed. Two conceptual laser-fusion electric generating stations, based on different laser-fusion reactor concepts, are described. Technology developments for ultimate commercial application are outlined. ERA N77-22998# California Univ.. Berkeley. Lawrence Berkelev Lab. ERDA INTERLABORATORY WORK FOR DATA EXCHANGE (IWGDE) Annual Report. Fiscal year 1976 Deane Merrill, ed. and Donald Austin, ed. Sep. 1976 138 p refs Revised (Contract W-7405-eng-48) (LBL-5329) Avail: NTIS HC A07/MF A01 The activities of the ERDA Interlaboratory Working Group for Data Exchange (IWGDE) during fiscal year 1976 are discussed. Created in response to an evident need for increased sharing of resources among ERDA installations. IWGDE was supported in FY 1976 through funds allocated to the Energy Analysis and Assessment programs of seven multipurpose ERDA national laboratories. Principal accomplishments include the interlaboratory exchange of socio-economic, environmental, demographic, and energy-related data bases, liaison development through interlabo- ratory meetings, creation of a national index of energy-related models and data bases, and definition and partial implementation of a computer-independent standard for exchange of data via magnetic tape. ERA N77-23007*# Ultrasystems, Inc.. Irvine. Calif. . . EXAMINATION OF THE COSTS. BENEFITS AND' ENERY CONSERVATION ASPECTS OF THE NASA AIRCRAFT FUEL CONSERVATION TECHNOLOGY PROGRAM 15 Nov. 1975 66 p refs (Contract NASw-2859) (NASA-CR-152683; Rept-8291-01) Avail: NTIS HC A04/MF A01 CSCL 05C The costs and benefits of the NASA Aircraft Fuel Conservation Technology Program are discussed. Consideration is given to a present worth analysis of the planned program expenditures, an examination of the fuel savings to be obtained by the year 2005 and the worth of this fuel savings relative to the investment required, a comparison of the program funding with that planned by other Federal agencies for energy conservation, an examination of the private industry aeronautical research and technology financial posture for the period FY 76 - FY 85, and an assessment of the potential impacts on air and noise pollution. To aid in this analysis, a computerized fleet mix forecasting model was. developed. This model enables the estimation of fuel consumption and present worth of fuel expenditures for selected commerical aircraft fleet mix scenarios. Author N77-23010*# Denver Research Inst., Colo. Program for Transfer Research and Impact Studies. SPACE BENEFITS: THE SECONDARY APPLICATION OF AEROSPACE TECHNOLOGY IN OTHER SECTORS OF THE ECONOMY Sep. 1976 206 p (Contract NASw-2607) (NASA-CR-152685: DRI-9/76) Avail: NTIS HC A10/MF A01 CSCL 05B A benefits briefing notebook is presented for the NASA Technology Utilization Office in which 515 applications of NASA •aerospace technology to other sections of the economy 'are described. An overview of technology transfer is given. Benefit cases are cited in 19 categories along with pertinent information, such as communication link, DRI transfer example file, and individual case number. General, organization, geographic, and field center indexes are provided. Author N77-23012# Brookhaven-National Lab., Upton. N.Y.- SOLID WASTE AS AN ENERGY SOURCE FOR THE NORTHEAST P. M. Meier and T. H. McCoy Jun. 1976 191 p' .refs (Contract E(30-1)-16) • . (BNL-50559: TID-4500) Avail: NTIS HC A09/MF A01 The potential contribution of energy recovery from municipal refuse to energy supply is assessed. A brief review of the'present and likely future quantity and composition of municipal refuse 'and the technologies available for energy'recovery'is .followed by'a comparison of the potential contributions to energy'supply of the various recovery options including direct firing in utility boilers, pyrolysis to oil or gas. and'steam generation for industrial process heat or district space heating. The relationship of refuse energy recovery to market conditions' for alternative energy sources is considered, which also includes an analysis of . the impact of haul costs, interest rates, and delivered prices of the major fuels. . . : • ~ > ERA N77-23021# Mitre Corp.. McLean. Va. ; . , . . - - - ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT SAMPLING AND ANA- LYTICAL STRATEGY PROGRAM Final Report. Nov. 1975 - Jan. 1976 J. Vlahakis and H. Abelson May 1976 64 p . „ ..;. - (Contract EPA-68-02-1859) . - - . - (PB-261259/6: EPA-600/2-76-093a)' , .Avail:, •; NTIS HC A04/MF A01 CSCL 13B , ; . . ' > .... ,v A-costing methodology for environmental-assessment was generated for industrial processes at various phases,of develop- ment to provide a framework" for determining industry, process, and stream priorities on the basis of a staged sampling iand analysis technique. A screening'phase characterizes the pollutant potential of influent and effluent streams of a process. Sampling and analysis provide for a quantitative representation of potentially hazardous substances in those streams identified for further investigation by the screening process. The procedure provides a mechanism for recommending assessment program implementation costs as well as for estimating costs for budgetary planning purposes. GRA N77 230O8# Committee on Public Works and Transportation (U. S. House). AVIATION ECONOMICS Washington GPO 1976 600 p refs Joint hearings before Subcomm. on Investigations and Review and the Subcomm. on Aviation of the Comm. on Public Works and Transportation. 94th Congr.. 2d Sess., 1-2. 4. 8. 10-11 Mar. and 27-29 Apr. 1976 (GPO-73-830) Avail: Subcomm. on Investigations and Review Recommendations for government action to improve economic conditions in the air transportation industry are presented by officials of commercial airlines and members of the Civil Aviation Board. The impact of inflation on expenditures for fuel and replacement aircraft is-discussed, as well as, on return on investment. A.R.H. N77-23022# Illinois Univ.. Urbana-Champaign. Water Resources Center. MATHEMATICAL MODELS FOR USE IN PLANNING REGIONAL WATER RESOURCES AND ENERGY SYSTEMS E. Downey Brill. Jr.. S. Giray Velioglu. and Robert W. Fuessle Nov. 1976 96 p refs •Contract DI-14-31-0001-4174) (PB-261364/4: UILU-WRC-76-0116: W77-02079: OWRT-B-092-ILUD) Avail: NTIS HC A05/MF A01 CSCL 13B Complex public sector problems such as: (1) the extent and development of coal conversion capacity. (2) interbasin transfer of water. (31 cooling technologies for large energy facilities. (4) diversion of Lake Michigan water, and (5) allowable withdrawal and consumptive uses of river water, all arise from the interlock- . ing nature of the water resources-energy system. Mathematical 352 N77-23143 models are presented for use in planning a regional allocation of water for energy facilities as well as for other water uses. These models include components for the interrelated water and energy subsystems. The use of these models in conjunction with other existing models in order to provide a better picture of the overall system is discussed. GRA N77-23072*# Douglas Aircraft Co.. Inc.. Long Beach. Calif. COST/BENEFIT TRADEOFFS FOR REDUCING THE ENERGY CONSUMPTION OF THE COMMERCIAL AIR TRANSPORTA- TION SYSTEM.. VOLUME 1: TECHNICAL ANALYSIS Final Report E. F. Kraus Jun. 1976 289 p refs 2 Vol. (Contract NAS2-8618) (NASA-CR-137923: MDC-J7340-Vol-1) . Avail: NTIS HC A13/MF A01 CSCL 05C The effectiveness and associated costs of operational and technical options for reduced fuel consumption by Douglas aircraft in the domestic airline fleet are assessed. Areas explored include alternative procedures for airline and flight operations, advanced and state of the art technology, modification and derivative configurations, "new near-term aircraft, turboprop configuration, studies, and optimum aircraft geometry. Data for each aircraft studied is presented in tables and graphs. A.R.H. N77.-23073*# Douglas Aircraft Co., Inc., Long Beach, Calif. COST/BENEFIT TRADEOFFS FOR REDUCING THE ENERGY CONSUMPTION OF THE COMMERCIAL AIR TRANSPORTA- TION SYSTEM. VOLUME 2: MARKET AND ECONOMIC ANALYSES Final Report J. C. VanAbkoude Jun. 1976 374 p refs 2 Vol. (Contract NAS2-8618) (NASA-CR-137924: MDC-J7340-Vol-2) , Avail: NTIS HC A16/MF A01 CSCL 05C The impact of the most promising fuel conserving options on fuel consumption, passenger demand, operating costs, and airline profits when implemented into the U.S. domestic and international airline fleets is assessed. The potential fuel savings achievable in the U.S. scheduled air transportation system over the forecast period, 1973-1990.'are estimated. • Author N77-23089*jjf National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Langley Research Center, Langley Station, Va. DESIGN OF A LARGE SPAN-DISTRIBUTED LOAD FLYING- WING CARGO AIRPLANE Lloyd S. Jernell and C. Baptiste Quartero (Vought Corp., Hampton, Va.) 22 Apr. 1977 99 p refs (NASA-TM-X-74031) Avail: NTIS HC A05/MF A01 CSCL 01C The design and operation of very large, long-range, subsonic cargo aircraft are considered. A design concept which distributes the payload along the wingspan to counterbalance the aerody- namic loads, .with a resultant decrease in the in-flight wing bending moments and shear forces, is described. The decreased loading of the wing structure, coupled with the very thick wing housing the cargo, results in a .relatively low overall structural weight in comparison to that of conventional aircraft. Author N77-23106* National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Lewis Research Center, 'Cleveland, Ohio. OIL COOLING SYSTEM FOR A GAS TURBINE ENGINE Patent George A. Coffinberry (GE, Cincinnati) and Howard B. Kast. inventors (to NASA) (GE, Cincinnati) Issued 3 May 1977 9 p Filed 4 Feb. 1976 Division of US Patent Appl. SN-596641, filed 17 Jul. 1975 Sponsored by NASA (NASA-Case-LEW-12830-1; US-Patent-4,020,632: US-Patent-App!-SN-655149: US-Patent-Class-60-39.03: US-Patent-Class-60-39.28R: US-Patent-Class-60-39.66: US-Patent-Class-415-180: US-Patent-Class-123-41.33: US-Patent-Class-123-122E: US-Patent-Class-137-101; US-Patent-Appl-SN-596641) Avail: US Patent Office' CSCL 2 1 E ' • ' . ' ' " - A gas turbine engine fuel delivery and control system is provided with means to recirculate all fuel in excess fuel control ' requirements back to the aircraft fuel tank. This increases the '• fuel pump heat sink and decreases the pump temperature rise • without the addition of valving other than normally employed. A ' fuel/oil heat exchanger and associated circuitry is provided to mam'fa'fn the hot engine oil in heat exchange relationship with • the cool engine fuel. Where anti-icing of the fuel filter is required, means are provided to maintain the fuel temperature entering 1 the filter at or above a minimum level to prevent freezing thereof. , In one embodiment, a divider valve is provided to take all excess fuel from either upstream or downstream of the fuel filter and • route it back to the tanks, the ratio of upstream to downstream extraction being a function of fuel pump discharge pressure. . Official Gazette of the U.S. Patent Office " N77-23109*# National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Lewis Research Center. Cleveland. Ohio. NASA QUIET CLEAN GENERAL AVIATION TURBOFAN (QCGAT) PROGRAM STATUS D. L. Bresnahan and G. K. Sievers 1977 23 p Presented at Intern. Gas Turbine .Conf.. Philadelphia. Pa.. 27-31 Mar. 1977: 'I sponsored by ASME , (NASA-TM-X-73564: E-9008) Avail: NTIS HC A02/MF A01 CSCL 21E The suitability of large engine technology to reduce noise, emissions, and fuel consumption of small turbine engines and develop new technology where required is determined. The design. I fabrication, assembly, test, and delivery of the experimental engines to NASA are discussed. Author N77-23114*# National .Aeronautics and Space Administration. . Lewis Research Center, Cleveland. Ohio. EMISSIONS AND TOTAL ENERGY CONSUMPTION OF A MULTICYLINDER PISTON ENGINE RUNNING ON GASO- LINE AND A HYDROGEN-GASOLINE MIXTURE John F. Cassidy Washington May 1977 38 p refs (NASA-TN-D-8487: E-9105) Avail: NTIS HC A03/MF A01 CSCL 21A A" multicylinder reciprocating engine was used to extend the efficient lean operating range of gasoline by adding hydrogen. Both bottled hydrogen and hydrogen produced by a research methanol steam reformer were used. These results were compared . with results for all gasoline. A high-compression-ratio, displace- ment production engine was used. Apparent flame speed was used to describe the differences in emissions and performance. Therefore, engine emissions and performance, including apparent flame speed and energy lost to the cooling system and the '. exhaust gas, were measured over a range of equivalence ratios for each fuel. All emission levels decreased at the leaner conditions. Adding hydrogen significantly increased flame speed over all equivalence ratios. Author N77-23143# Air Force Inst. of Tech., Wright-Patterson AFB. Ohio. School of Engineering. , AN ENERGY MANAGEMENT GUIDANCE SCHEME APPLI , CABLE TO THE INTERIM UPPER STAGE M.S. Thesis Jackie L. Roberts Dec. 1976 166 p refs (AD-A034005; GA/EE/76-1) Avail: NTIS HC A08/MF A01 CSCL 22/3 A workable open loop guidance scheme for orbital transfer maneuvers is developed for a two stage solid-rocket vehicle which has no thrust termination capability. The scheme effectively manages any excess energy by matching a non-Hohmann transfer trajectory to the fixed energy capabilities of the vehicle. The • entire burden of effecting the transfer is put on prelaunch targeting, 1 so that during the burns the thrust can be directed along a precomputed direction using constant attitude maneuvers only. 1 A computer program has been developed which employs a nonlinear equation solving routine to accomplish exact targeting • for the finite-thrust transfer maneuver. The transfer trajectory is characterized by 6 control parameters (outputs of targeting, and ' the final orbit is defined by a set of 'hit conditions'. An error ' analysis is performed on the scheme throughout the range of • possible trajectories which exist for excess energy missions. These trajectories are compared on the basis of optimality, such'as 353 N77-23175 minimum insertion errors and transfer time. Results are presented for geosynchronous and subsynchronous transfers between circular orbits GRA N77-23175# Messerschmitt-Boelkow-Blohm G.m.b.H.. Otto- brunn (West Germany). Space Div. AMPS - SUBSATELLITE ASSESSMENT STUDY. VOLUME 1 Apr. 1976 134 p refs (Contract ESTEC-2615/76-NI-PPISC)) (MBB-URV-91-76-Vol-1; ESA-CR(P)-911-Vol-1) Avail: NTIS HC A07/MF A01 Results of a technical assessment study for atmospheric, magnetospheric. and plasma physics in space exploration (AMPS) by subsatellites to the Space Shuttle/Laboratory missions are presented. The model payloads. mission/orbit, spacecraft system, and subsystem aspects are dealt with. Interfaces to the Shuttle/Laboratory and the deployment/launching systems for Shuttle pallet launcher are considered. The most sophisticated version of the detached subsatellites. the attitude and orbit controlled spacecraft. OCSAT. was studied. Simple detached or tethered subsatellites were not considered. Three subsatellite candidates which appear feasible for a typical payload are described: silver/zinc battery power supply version, hybrid power supply version (battery system supported by solar cell generator), and fuel cell power supply version. ESA N77-23277# Naval Ship Research and Development Center. Annapolis, Md. Materials Dept. AN EVALUATION OF METHANOL. ETHANOL, THE PRO PANOLS. AND THE BUTANOLS AS SHIP PROPULSION FUELS JDonald 0. Newton Sep. 1976 14 p refs (AD-A033483: MAT-75-20) Avail: NTIS HC A02/MF A01 CSCL 13/10 This report evaluates the alkyl monohydric alcohols from methanol through the butanols (C-1 to C-4) as Navy ship propulsion fuels. Properties of the alcohols from the technical literature are compared with the properties of Navy ship propulsion hydrocarbon fuels (Diesel Fuel Marine and JP-5). None of these alcohols is suitable as a direct substitute or as an extender for the currently used ship propulsion fuels. The use of methanol with its low volumetric energy content would entail over a 50 percent reduction in range between refuelings: the use of the other alcohols would result in roughly 25 percent to 40 percent loss of range. All the C-1 to C-4 alcohols have flash points below the 60 C minimum considered safe for shipboard fuels. Also, all., have low cetane numbers, high water solubility, and problems with toxicity. However, methanol and mixtures of low-boiling alcohols are potentially usable as fuels for new ships specifically designed for their use. GRA N77-23487*# National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Lewis Research Center. Cleveland, Ohio. CERAMIC APPLICATIONS IN THE ADVANCED STIRLING AUTOMOTIVE ENGINE William A. Tomazic and James E. Cairelli 1977 13 p Presented at 5th Army Mater. Technol. Conf.: Ceramics for High Performance Appl., 2, Newport, R. I.. 21-25 Mar. 1977: cosponsored by Army Mater, and Mech. Res. Center and DARPA (Contract EC-77-A-31-1011) (NASA-TM-X-73632: E-9131: ERDA/NASA-1011/77/2) Avail: NTIS HC A02/MF A01 CSCL 21A The ideal cycle, its application to a practical machine, and the specific advantages of high efficiency, low emissions, multi-fuel capability, and low noise of the Stirling engine are discussed. Certain portions of the Stirling engine must operate continuously at high temperature. Ceramics offer the potential of cost reduction and efficiency improvement for advanced engine applications. Potential applications for ceramics in Stirling engines, and some of the special problems pertinent to using ceramics in the Stirling engine are described. The research and technology program in ceramics which is planned to support the development of advanced Stirling engines is outlined. Author N77-23490*# National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Lewis Research Center. Cleveland. Ohio. CERAMICS FOR THE ADVANCED AUTOMOTIVE GAS TURBINE ENGINE: A LOOK AT A SINGLE SHAFT DESIGN Stanley M. Nosek 1977 12 p refs Presented at 5th Army Materials Technol. Conf. Ceramics for High Performance Applications. 2. Newport. R. I.. 21-25 Mar. 1977: sponsored by AMMRC. ERDA. 'and DARPA (NASA-TM-X-73651: E-9163) Avail: NTIS HC A02/MF A01 CSCL 21A The results of a preliminary analysis of a single shaft regenerative design with a single stage radial turbine are presented to show the fuel economy that can be achieved at high turbine inlet temperatures, with this particular advanced design, if the turbine tip speed and regenerator inlet temperature are not limited. The engine size was 100 hp for application to a 3500 Ib auto. The fuel economy was analyzed by coupling the engine to the auto through a continuously variable speed-ratio transmission and operating the system at constant turbine inlet temperature over the Composite Driving Cycle. The fuel was gasoline and the analysis was for a 85 F day. With a turbine inlet temperature of 2500 F the fuel economy was 26.2 mpg. an improvement of 18 percent over that of 22.3 mpg with a turbine inlet temperature of 1900 F. The turbine tip- speed needed for best economy with the 2500 F engine was 2530 ft/sec. The regenerator temperature was approximately 2200 F at idle. Disk stresses were estimated for one single stage radial turbine and two two-stage radial-axial turbines and compared with maximum allowable stress curves estimated for a current ceramic material. Results show a need for higher Weibull Modulus, higher strength ceramics. Author N77-23507# Transportation Systems Center, Cambridge. Mass. THE 1975 AUTOMOTIVE CHARACTERISTICS DATA BASE Final Report. Jun. 1975 - 1976 Moses Rouse and William Basham Oct. 1976 136 p Sponsored by DOT (PB-262015/1: DOT-TSC-OST-76-27) Avail: NTIS HC A07/MF AOI CSCL 13F Automobile characteristics as a supportive tool for auto energy consumption, fuel economy monitoring, and fleet analysis studies are presented. The methods of vehicle sample selection, computation methods for statistical reports, illustrative output examples, and instructions for operating the data base are presented to fully represent the 1975 automobile fleet characteris- tics. GRA N77-23518# Massachusetts Inst. of Tech.. Cambridge. . Energy Lab. FEDERAL SUPPORT FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF ALTER- NATIVE AUTOMOTIVE POWER SYSTEMS: THE GENERAL ISSUE AND THE STIRLING. DIESEL, AND ELECTRIC CASES Final Report. 1 Nov. 1974 - 30 Nov. 1975 Lawrence H. Linden, John B. Heywood. H. D. Vacoby. and Howard Margolis Mar. 1976 406 p refs (Grants NSF OEP-74-21320: NSF EN-44166) (PB-263523/3: MIT-EL-76-014: NSF/PRA-7421320-1-6) Avail: NTIS HC A18/MF AOI CSCL 21G The federal government 's role in supporting alternative automotive powerplant R and D for the explicit purpose of advancing the state-of-the-art is examined. An examination of the process by which major product technology changes occur in the automotive industry is reviewed. The automotive market is then examined for divergences between private and social costs and benefits, especially with respect to air pollution and fuel economy. Next the nature of the cost benefit analysis problem is discussed. Finally, three specific technologies are examined in detail and recommendations made as to government supported R and D for each. GRA N77-23592# Arizona Univ.. Tucson. Office of Arid Lands Studies. G E O T H E R M A L TEC H N OECO SYSTEM S AND WATER CYCLES IN ARID LANDS 354 N77 23610 Christopher Duffield 1976 217 p refs (Contract Dl-14-31-0001-5254) (PB-263091/1; Arid Lands Resource-IP-8: W77-03966: OWRT-A-197(5254)(1)) Avail: NTIS HCA10/MFA01 CSCL 081 A literature review with its annotated bibliography is presented by taking into account the unusual developments in this field in the interim, new geothermal fields discovered, new demands for geothermal energy as an alternative source to more conventional sources, and a number of new publications reflecting acceler- ated research. GRA N77-23593# California Univ., Riverside. Inst. of Geophysics and Planetary Physics. TELLURIC MAPPING OVER THE MESA GEOTHERMAL ANOMALY. IMPERIAL VALLEY, CALIFORNIA John P. Maas 1975 12 p refs Sponsored by NSF (PB-262828/7; IGPP-UCR-75-10; NSF/RA/N-75-361) Avail: NTIS HC A02/MF A01 CSCL 081 Telluric measurements were made at thirty-nine stations in the vicinity of the Mesa Geothermal Anomaly, Imperial Valley, California to evaluate the usefulness of the method as a geothermal prospecting tool. The area of investigation is characterized by thick (about 3 kml and highly conductive (resistivity on the order of 5 ohm-m) sediments. Relative ellipse areas were determined for the stations and plotted as total field and residual contour maps. These maps clearly reveal the presence of the thermal anomaly. They coincide well in geometry with the anomaly shown by shallow thermal gradient data and are consistent with temperature data from five deep wells in the area. GRA N77-23594# Hawaii Univ.. Honolulu. Geothermal Project. THE HAWAII GEOTHERMAL PROJECT. INITIAL PHASE 2 PROGRESS REPORT John W. Shupe, Augustine S. Furumoto, Paul C. Yuen. Robert M. Kamins, and Gordon A. MacDonald Feb. 1976 156 p refs Sponsored by NSF. ERDA. State of Hawaii, and County of Hawaii (PB-263120/8: NSF/RA-760401) Avail: NTIS HC A08/MF A01 CSCL 08! ' The identification, generation, and utilization of geothermal energy on the island of Hawaii are discussed. Overviews of four separate research programs are presented. GRA N77-23597# Federal Power Commission. Washington. D. C. Bureau of Natural Gas. PRELIMINARY INVESTIGATION. NONPRODUCING GAS RESERVES ONSHORE UNITED STATES AND IN THE GULF OF MEXICO OFFSHORE STATE AREA. AS REPORTED IN FEDERAL COMMISSION FORM 15 16 Sep. 1976 24 p refs (PB-263434/3) Avail: NTIS HC'A02/MFA01 CSCL 081 Non-producing dedicated gas reserves orjshore United States and in the Gulf of Mexico offshore state area are discussed. The result of an investigation undertaken to determine the extent of nonproducing interstate reserves is reported in FPC Form 15 (natural gas companies' annual report of gas supply). GRA equilibrium temperature as a function of trap geometry and 'r insolation value. Dissert. Abstr. N77-23603*# Rockwell International Science Center, Thousand . Oaks. Calif. DEVELOPMENT OF AN (AIGaAs-Ga As) GRADED'BAND . GAP SOLAR CELL Final Report, 23 Oct. 1974 - 1 Oct. 1976 R. Sahai and J. S. Harris. Jr. Dec. 1976 63 p refs (Contract NAS1-13548) : (NASA-CR-145161: SC5005.46FR) Avail: NTIS HC A04/MF A01 CSCL 10A The results of an experimental program to develop the epitaxial i growth techniques and analytical characterization techniques to fabricate graded bandgap solar cells are reported. Author ' N77-23607# Pope. Evans, and Robbins, Inc., New York. Div. • of Solar Energy. • SITE ENERGY HANDBOOK. VOLUME 1: METHODOLOGY I FOR ENERGY SURVEY AND APPRAISAL . Oct. 1976 180 p refs •- (Contract EI49-1 (-3853) :- (ERDA-76/131/1) Avail: NTIS HC A09/MF A01 i The site energy survey and appraisal methodology and forms. , as well as the site energy conservation opportunities presented ' in the Handbook, cover energy entering the site, energy generated on site, energy distributed and consumed on the site, and waste energy recovery. ERA N77-23608# Energy Research and Development Administration. Washington. D.C. Div. of Solar Energy. • SITE ENERGY HANDBOOK. VOLUME 2: FORMS FOR ENERGY SURVEY AND APPRAISAL Oct."l976 271 p refs . (Contract E(49-1)-3853) (ERDA-76/131/2) Avail: NTIS HCA12 /MFA01 Forms are presented for use in describing, surveying, and appraising site energy, utility, and recoverable waste energy . systems for natural gas. fuel oil. LPG, coal, electricity, steam. |r hot water, chilled water, compressed air. water supply, steam condensate. wastewater and solid waste. ERA ' N77-23609# Oak Ridge National Lab.. Tenn. « DEVELOPMENT AND APPLICATIONS OF SPATIAL DATA ' RESOURCES IN ENERGY RELATED ASSESSMENT AND ' PLANNING • R J. Olson. F. G. Goff. and J. S. Olson 1976 9 p refs ' Presented at Proc. of the Advan. in Retrieval Technol.-as Related to Inform. Systems, Arlington. Va.. 20 Oct. 1976 i (Contract W-7405-eng-26) ' (CO>iF-761017-1) Avail: NTIS HC A02/MF A01 An investigation of potential changes in vegetation patterns ' related to predicted temperature changes from increased atmos- pheric C02 is presented to illustrate an ongoing application of the data resources. Other themes include coal extraction in Appalachia, landscape patterns, habitat and population dynamics of selected biological species, and energy facility siting. - • . .ERA N77-23598 Auburn Univ.. Ala. TWO INVESTIGATIONS OF FLAT-PLATE SOLAR COLLEC- TOR PERFORMANCE Ph.D. Thesis Jeffrey Herbert Morehouse 1976 163 p Avail: Univ. Microfilms Order No. 77-4316 The heat loss from an operating solar collector is calculated from the experimentally determined equilibrium (no flow) heat transfer loss coefficient. Collector efficiency is then calculated for the cases when absorber plate temperature, average .fluid temperature, and inlet fluid temperature are chosen as the independent parameters. A method for producing high tempera- tures using flat-plate collectors is presented. A radiation trap is described which mechanically reduces the effective emissivity of the absorber plate at a given temperature by reflecting some of the emitted radiation back onto the emitting surface. Circular and rectangular trap geometries are analyzed for absorber surface N77-23610# California Univ.. Livermore. Lawrence Livermore Lab. THE 120-keV BEAM DIRECT CONVERSION SYSTEM FOR TFTR INJECTORS G. W. Hamilton 21 Sep. 1976 20 p refs (Contract W-7405-eng-48) (UCRL-52137) Avail: NTIS HC A02/MF A01 A preliminary design is presented in which the most acute • problems involved in scaling up existing designs and apparatus to fulfill TFTR requirements are analyzed. The requirements for electron suppression, gas pumping, compactness, and power densities are addressed. An idea is presented that allows for the handling of higher beam power. The gross savings in the capital cost of injector power supplies for the TFTR will be . about $7.2 million, but the net savings will be somewhat less than this. ERA 355 N77-23613 N77-23613# Defence Research Establishment Ottawa (Ontario). A COMPUTER PROGRAM TO CALCULATE AND PLOT WIND-GENERATED STORED ENERGY AT CONSTANT CONSUMPTION E. M. L Valeriote Jun. 1976 46 p (AD-A029977: DREO-TN-76-15) Avail: NTIS HC A03/MF A01 CSCL 09/2 A computer program has been described which gives printed and plotted outputs of the quantity of wind-generated energy remaining in a storage system under given conditions. The program permits simulated variations of storage capacity, constant electrical load and conversion efficiency by simple data changes. Further alterations to the program itself are detailed, to adapt it to carry out similar calculations for wind turbines of various sizes of construction. The program has been tested by simulation of a hypothetical system of energy production, storage and consumption. It is planned that its predictions will be compared with data obtained from an experimental program currently in progress. Author (GRA) N77-23614# Booz-Allen and Hamilton. Inc.. Bethesda, Md. PROCEDURES FOR FEASIBILITY ANALYSIS AND PRELIM- INARY DESIGN OF TOTAL ENERGY SYSTEMS AT MILITARY FACILITIES Final Report Nov. 1976 140 p refs (Contract N62399 74-C-0029; DA Proj. 4A7-62720-A-896) (AD-A033756: CERL-TR-E-96) Avail: NTIS HC A07/MF A01 CSCL 13/1 This manual provides procedural guidance and technical information for performing feasibility analyses and preliminary design of heat recovery installations, especially total energy and selective energy utility plants. This document is intended for use by facility and district engineers and for guidance of headquarters personnel. The feasibility analysis procedure is divided into five major steps: (1) identification of gross energy requirements; (2) assessment of the viability of heat recovery within the project environment: (3) assessment of user system constraints and energy requirements--(Site analysis and selection, load analysis): (4) definition of candidate system configurations: (5) technical and economic evaluation of candidate systems-- (Energy efficiency analysis, economic analysis). GRA N77-23616# National Bureau of Standards. Washington. D. C. Office of Energy Conservation. ENERGY MANAGEMENT GUIDE FOR LIGHT INDUSTRY AND COMMERCE. EPIC ENERGY MANAGEMENT SERIES Final Report W. J. Kelnhofer (Catholic Univ. of America. Washington. D. C.) and L. A. Wood Dec. 1976 31 p refs (PB-263121/6: NBS-HB-120; LC-76-608281) Avail: NTIS HC A03/MF A01 CSCL 13A Methods by which the manager of a small business can analyze his energy use. and determine the areas in which energy savings can be made are reported. The magnitude of the possible cost savings is estimated. A check list suggests some seventy items which might be important cost saving opportunities to an individual business. Eight of these opportunities are expanded in the appendix into miniature case studies illustrating simple methods for estimating savings. A listing of sources of assistance is included as a guide to obtaining consulting advice. GRA N77-23617# Federal Power Commission. Washington. D. C. Bureau of Power. THE PHASING OUT OF NATURAL GAS AND OIL FOR ELECTRIC POWER GENERATION. SOUTHWEST POWER POOL AND ELECTRIC RELIABILITY COUNCIL OF TEXAS. PART 2: TECHNICAL AND ECONOMIC EVALUATION OF VARIOUS POSSIBLE ELECTRIC UTILITY NATURAL GAS REDUCTION PROGRAMS. 1975 - 1990 30 Jul. 1976 250 p refs (PB-263505/0) Avail: NTIS HC A11/MF A01 CSCL 10A The technical and economic feasibility of programs for accelerating the phasing out of natural gas consumption by electric i utilities in the southwest U.S. between 1975 and 1990 is evaluated. GRA N77-23618# Sowle (Don) Associates. Inc.. Arlington. Va. A FEDERAL PROCUREMENT PLAN TO ACCELERATE USE OF SOLAR ENERGY ::-iz. 1976 100 p (Contract FEA-CO-05-50293-00) (PB-263369/1; FEA/G-77/044) Avail: NTIS. HC A05/MF A01 CSCL 05A The Solar Energy Government Buildings Program (SEGEP) is a major commercialization project being developed by the Federal Energy Administration in conjunction with other agencies. This project will use a portion of the vast inventory of Federal buildings to provide an early and significant market for solar heating and hot water equipment and thus assist the early development of a solar heating and cooling industry infrastructure. This report addresses key features of Government procurement as part of an overall implementation plan for the SEGEP. The report reviews trends and techniques in Government procurement, discusses alternative strategies, and sets forth procurement plan to achieve SEGBP goals and objectives. GRA N77-23619# Massachusetts Inst. of Tech.. Cambridge. Energy Lab. METHANOL AS AN AUTOMOTIVE FUEL: A SUMMARY OF RESEARCH IN THE M.I.T. ENERGY LABORATORY Final Report Richard G. Donnelly. John B. Heywood. Jules LoRusso. Frank OBrien. Thomas B. Reed, and Rodney J. Tabaczyhski Apr. 1976 57 p refs (PB-262980/6: MIT-EL-76-013) Avail: NTIS HC A04/MF A01 CSCL 210 The current status of studies on the use of methanol blends as automotive fuels is briefly reviewed. Experiments with a single-cylinder spark-ignition engine that methanol-gasoltne blends show emissions and efficiency closely comparable to gasoline alone and that the blends yield a slight extension of the lean limit of operation. Methanol alone significantly extends the lean limit of operation and permits operation at much higher compression ratios with corresponding improvements in effic- iency. . GRA N77-23620# Federal Power Commission. Washington. D. Cr Office of Energy Systems. STATE PROJECTIONS OF INDUSTRIAL FUEL NEEDS Marquis R. Seidel Aug. 1976 136 p refs ; . (PB-263338/6) Avail: NTIS H C A 0 7 / M F A 0 1 CSCU21D The issue of how higher fuel prices and conservation will change economic growth and fuel use at state and regional levels is addressed. The assembly of detailed and consistent data on fuel use. cross-sectional regressions on that data, and extrapolation of fuel requirements for 1990's economy are discussed. • GRA N77-23621# Federal Power Commission. Washington. D. C. Bureau of Natural Gas. THE FUTURE OF NATURAL GAS: ECONOMIC MYTHS. REGULATORY REALITIES S. William Yost Nov. 1976 30 p (PB-263625/6) Avail: NTIS HC A03/MF A01 CSCL21D Conventional gas supplies (excluding Alaskan) past the year 2000 as well as. the potential for supplementary supplies from Alaskan gas. LNG. and coal gasification during the same period are forecasted. The costs for these supplies are calculated, in constant dollars, for 1985 and 2000 using estimated quantities of new gas and rollover gas under existing FPC Opinions for these years. The prices of alternate fuels are also estimated, using the price rollup for crude and the expiration of contracts for coal. GRA N77-23622# Hawaii Univ.. Honolulu. Coll. of Engineering. REGENERATIVE VAPOR CYCLE WITH ISOBUTANE AS WORKING FLUID 356 N77-23936 James C. S. Chou. Rajesh K. Ahluwalia, and Eric Y. K. Woo 10 Jun. 1974 32 p refs (Grant NSF GI-38319) (PB-262704/0: HGP-TR-4; NSF/RA/N-74-326) Avail: NTIS HC A03/MF A01 CSCL 08! A regenerative heat exchanger, the increase in power production, and the reduction of the sizes of cooling equipment were investigated. Geothermal fluid from a well may exist in two phases, vapor and liquid, if the fluid is self-flowing. To avoid scaling, a submersible pump may be used to force the fluid out of the well. Effects of pumping on the power output and heat rejection of a binary cycle have also been evaluated with a' specific set of given conditions, and the calculated results/ are included in this report. GRA N77-23624# Rutgers - The State Univ.. New Brunswick, N. J. Dept. of Electrical Engineering. SILICON SCHOTTKY PHOTOVOLTAIC DIODES FOR SOLAR ENERGY CONVERSION Quarterly Progress Report. 1 Jul. - 30 Sep. 1976 William A. Anderson Oct. 1976 28 p refs (Grant NSF A6R-73-03197) (PB-263172/9: NSF/RANN/SE/AER73-03197/PR-76: NSF/RA-760223) Avail: NTIS HC A03/MF A01 CSCL 10B Fabrication studies have been made to evaluate electron-beam deposition of new Schottky metals, screem printed grids, and Tyco silicon Schottky cells on Tyco silicon have been made with V sub ohm current = 0.5 V and an efficiency of 5.7%. Surface-state analysis continues to give a good agreement between experiment and theory. AR coating studies include sputtered ITO. spin-on coatings, and electron beam-evaporated T.a205. Environmental testing of cells has continued during this past quarter. GRA N77-23625# Oklahoma State Univ.. .Stillwater. School of Electrical Engineering. DEVELOPMENT AND ADAPTATION OF FIELD MODULATED GENERATOR SYSTEMS FOR WIND ENERGY APPLICA- TIONS Progress Report R. Ramakumar. William L Hughes. H. Jack Allison, R. K. Yarlagadda.'and G. G. Smith 17 Oct. 1975 135 p refs (Grant NSF AER-75-00647) (PB-263604/1: NSF/RA/N-74-373) Avail: NTIS HC A07/MF A01 CSCL 10B A specially designed test machine has been fabricated for the experimental investigation. The stator and rotor are being wound. The solid state inverter required for this system is being assembled in a conveniently transportable rack.for testing. Parallel-bridge rectifier system studies were extended to include bridge-input capacitors for the case of resistive loads. Fourier analysis of soufce current, and load current waveforms has been completed, and the results are presented in graphical form for different values of ratios. / GRA N77-23626# EIC, Inc.. Newton. Mass. STUDY OF SILICA SCALING FROM GEOTHERMAL BRINES Semiannual Progress Report. 15 May - 14 Nov. 1975 W. W. Harvey. P. OD. Offenhartz. G. F. Pearson, and J. Slaughter Janx1976 58 p refs Sponsored in part by NSF (Contract Ed 1-D-2607) (PB-262890/7: NSF/RA-760397: COO-2607-2) Avail: NTIS HC A04/MF A01 CSCL 081 Concurrent analyses for silicic acid monomer and total dispersed silica in a 2% brine at 95C and pH5 reveal a growth and decay of nonmonomeric silica concentration superimposed on the disappearance of monomer. The observed sequence suggests that monomer combines with polymeric species, and the latter grow and aggregate into flocculent silica or scale. GRA. N77-23631# Notre Dame Univ.. Ind. Dept. of Civil Engineer- ing. CONTAMINATION OF GROUNDWATER BY HEAVY METALS FROM THE LAND DISPOSAL OF FLY ASH Technical Progress Report, 1 Jun. - 31 Aug. 1976 T. L Theis 1 Oct. 1976 44 p refs (Contract Ed 1-11-2727) (COO-2727-4) Avail: NTIS HC A03/MF A01 A useful method of differentiating surface from total heavy metals associated with fly ash is selective extraction for those metal oxide sinks (Fe, Al, Mn) with which the heavy metals have become associated. Lower pH values favor greater release or less adsorption in the system. Solubility, generally decreases with increasing pH. Even at neutral pH values, soluble complexes may increase the concentration of a given metal in excess of solubility. The average percentage of metals released for all fly ashes studied from their surface sinks at pH = 9 were cadmium-17 percent, lead-8 percent, chromium-6 percent, copper-1 percent, and zinc less than 1 percent. Another important factor is the absolute amount of metal on the surface. For instance, even though copper is released very little at neutral pH's. surface concentrations up to 200 micrograms/g of fly ash were found. ERA N77-23635# Harry Diamond Labs., Adelphi, Md. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT ASSESSMENT ON SAFETY AND POLLUTION CONTROL FOR OUTER CONTIN- ENTAL SHELF OPERATIONS Final Report Maurice F. Funke and Bruce A. Weber Dec. 1976 51 p refs Sponsored in part by Geological Survey (HDL Proj. A50634) (AD-A034727; HDL-TR-1780) Avail. NTIS HC A04/MF A01 CSCL 08/9 An investigation has been made of the research, development, and data gathering that would provide some of the tools, both information and hardware, that could be used to increase safety and decrease pollution hazards associated with offshore oil and gas exploration and production. Methods have been identified for reducing the dangers to which both workers and structures are exposed during drilling, subsurface production, and transporta- tion operations. These dangers include fire and explosion, asphyxiation, blowout, pollution, and unsafe rig conditions. GRA N77-23894*# Jet Propulsion Lab., Calif. Inst. of Tech., Pasadena. JPL BASIC RESEARCH REVIEW 17 Mar. 1977 114 p refs (Contract NAS7-100) (NASA-CR-152689: JPL-Publ-77-5) Avail: NTIS HC A06/MF A01 CSCL 05B Current status, projected goals, and results of 49 research and advanced development programs at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory are reported in abstract form. Areas of investigation include: aerodynamics and fluid mechanics, applied mathematics and computer sciences, environment protection, materials science, propulsion, electric and solar power, guidance and navigation, communication and. information sciences, general physics, and chemistry. Author N77-23936*# National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Lewis Research Center, Cleveland. Ohio. RESULTS OF CLOSED CYCLE MHO POWER GENERATION TEST WITH A HELIUM-CESIUM WORKING FLUID Ronald J. Sovie 1977 10 p refs Presented at the 16th Symp. on the Engr. Aspects of Magnetohydrodynamics. Pittsburgh, Pa.. 16-18 May 1977 (NASA-TM-X-73621: E-9112) Avail: NTIS HC A02/MF A01 CSCL 201 The cross sectional dimensions of the MHD channel in the NASA Lewis closed loop facility were reduced to 3.8 x 11.4 cm. Tests were run in this channel using a helium-cesium working fluid at stagnation pressures of 160,000 n/M2, stagnation temperatures of 2000-2060 K and an entrance Mach number 357 N77-23942 of 0.36. In these tests Faraday open circuit voltages of 200-V were measured which correspond to a Faraday field 'of '1750 V/M. Power generation tests were'run for different groups of electrode configurations and channel lengths. Hall fields up to 1450 V/M were generated. Power extraction per electrode of 183 W and power densities of 1.7 MW/M3 were obtained. A total power output of 2 kW was generated for tests witii 14 electrodes. The power densities obtained in this channel represent a factor of 3 improvement over those previously reported for the M = 0.2 channel. Author N77-23942# Princeton Univ.. N. J. Plasma Physics Lab. TOKAMAK HYBRID STUDY F. H. Tenney Sep. 1976 . 12 p Presented at the Joint.US-USSR Symp. on Fusion-Fission Reactors. Livermore. Calif.. 13-16 Jul. 1976 . * (Contract E(11-D-3073) "' " - ' (PPPL-1284; Conf-760733-6) Avail: NTIS HC A02/MF A01 A Tokamak hybrid reactor is studied. The plasma is maintained by both D and T beams. To obtain long burn times a poloidal field divertor is required. Both the single null and the double null style of divertor are considered. The blanket consists of a neutron multiplier region containing natural uranium followed by burner regions of molten salt (flibe) loaded with PuF3 to enhance the energy multiplication. Economic analysis has been applied only recently to a variety of reactor sizes and plasma conditions. Early indications suggest that the most attractive hybrids will have large plasmas of major radius in excess of 8 meters. ERA N77-23951# Wisconsin Univ.. Madison. Dept. of Nuclear Engineering. WHAT IS PAST IS PROLOGUE: FUTURE DIRECTIONS IN TOKAMAK POWER REACTOR DESIGN RESEARCH R. W. Conn 1976 17 p refs Presented at 2nd. Topical Meeting on the Techriol. of Controlled Nucl. Fusion. Richland, Wash.. 21 Sep. 1976 Sponsored by ERDA. EPRI. and Wisconsin Electric Utilities Research Foundation (UWFDM-175; Conf-760935-43) Avail: NTIS HC A02/MF A01 , The trends towards reduced reactor size and higher neutron loadings are discussed. Moving in this direction requires.new approaches to many subsystem designs. New approaches and future directions in first wall and blanket designs that can achieve reliable operation and reasonable lifetime, the use of cyrogenic but normal aluminum magnets for the pulsed coils in a tokamak. blanket designs that allow elimination of the intermediate loop, and low activity shields and toroidal field magnets are described. A discussion is given of the future role of conceptual reactor design research and the need for close interactions with ongoing experiments in fusion technology. ERA N77-23952# General Electric Co.. Philadelphia. Pa. Space Div. MHD GENERATOR INVESTIGATIONS Annual Report, 1 Jan. - 30 Sep. 1976 C. H. Marston, E. Tate. and B. Zauderer Nov. 1976 85 p refs (Contract N00014-73-C-0039) (AD-A032790) Avail: NTIS HC A05/MF A01 CSCL'20/9 Feasibility of self-excited MHD operation has been shown. Eight percent magnetic field augmentation using an initial field of 0.5 Tesla was obtained. The NASA Ames EAST facility capabilities as a high temperature, high pressure plasma source have been mapped in detail. A channel (Ames I) has been used on the EAST facility to check test-time, aerodynamic performance and construction materials. Design and construction of a preliminary (Ames II) pulsed, self-excited. MHD generator concept was completed. GRA N77-240O2# Qel.'lnc.. Bedford. Mass. FACTORS IN THE PLANNING OF A NATIONAL INFORMA- TION SYSTEM FOR RENEWABLE ENERGY Final Report J. W. Kuipers. R. W. Thorpe, and F. W. Lancaster 30 Jun: 1976 224 p refs (Grant NSF SIS-75-12766) (PB-262003/7; Rept-6930) Avail: NTIS HC A10/MF A01 CSCL 05B A national information system for the renewable energy field is-proposed. The system is intended to serve the scientific and technical communities as well as the management, technology, industrial, policy making, and the general public components of the energy field. It is proposed that in order to achieve improvements in communication between information communi- ties and within communities, a system be set up which comprises a distributed network of satellite centers with a coordinating headquarters center. Satellite centers in the system consist of Information Resource and Analysis Centers (IRACs) for particular information areas. IRACs are to be designated for each defined information area in the energy fields of interest and are to be responsible for acquiring, organizing and maintaining all informa- tion of interest in a given area. . ' GRA N77-240O8 California Univ.. Berkeley. ENERGY RECOVERY THROUGH BIOGASIFICATION OF MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTES AND UTILIZATION OF THERMAL WASTES FROM AN ENERGY-URBAN-AGRO- WASTE COMPLEX Ph.D. Thesis Luis Florentine Diaz 1976 254 p Avail: Univ. Microfilms Order No. 77-4347 Experiments on the anaerobic digestion of the organic fraction of .municipal refuse were performed. Objective of the experiments was to stabilize and simultaneously produce a fuel from a particular 'fraction of the municipal solid waste. The scale of the experiments ranged from laboratory (4 to 9 liter) cultures to small pilot plant (1600 liter) digesters. The refuse used as feed was enriched by the addition of raw sewage sludge in various ratios. Organic loading rates ranged from 0.067 to 0.4 Ibs VS/cu ft 3 -day. Typical hydraulic detention times were 15 and 30 days. Temperatures were kept within the range of 85 F to 105 F. Digestion efficiency was based on energy conversion and gas production. A simulation study was also conducted in which 'energy derived from solid waste conversion and from thermal waste discharges was used.to meet certain energy requirements of an 'energy-urban-agro-waste complex. In the study, a community was integrated with its electric generating station, wastewater treatment plant, refuse processing plant, and food production facilities. Dissert. Abst'r. N77-24011*# National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Langley Research Center. Langley Station. Va. NASA TECHNOLOGY UTILIZATION HOUSE TECHNICAL SUPPORT PACKAGE [1976] 43 p (NASA-TM-X-74686) Avail: NTIS HC A03/MF A01 CSCL 1 3M • Special systems and features incorporated in the NASA Technology Utilization House are described. These include solar energy utilization, energy conservation techniques, water recycling, hot water systems, security systems, and other design features. D.M.L N77-24018# National Academy of Sciences - National Research Council. Washington. D. C. TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER FROM FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT IN THE UNITED STATES. REPORT OF A SEMINAR SERIES Final Report 1976 77 p refs Seminars held in New York. 2-5 Feb. 1976 Sponsored in part by Commerce Dept. (Contract NSF C-310: Grant NSF PRA-76-15037) " (PB-263012/7: NSF/PRA-7615037-1-77) Avail: NTIS HC A05/MF A01 CSCL 05A Four sectors of industry were studied to determine the impact of direct foreign investment on technology transfer. No significant net technology outflow was observed in the manufacturing of petrochemicals. Pharmaceuticals, non-electric machinery, electron- ics and computers, or scientific instruments. GRA 358 N77-24318 N77-24019# Pratt (R. H.) Associates. Inc.. Kensington, Md. THE POTENTIAL FOR TRANSIT AS AN ENERGY SAVING OPTION Final Report Phillip S. Shapiro and Richard H. Pratt Mar. 1976 109 p refs (Contract FEA-CO-04-50077-00) (PB-263087/9; FEA/D-76/224) Avail: NTIS HC A06/MF A01 CSCL 13B The potential impacts and energy efficiencies of short-term policies designed to induce auto drivers to shift to public transit were studied. An analysis is made of the energy efficiencies of various urban passenger transportation modes, including automo- bile, bus. rapid rail, commuter rail, and Dial-A-Ride transit. Policies to induce mode shifts to public transit are structured into alternative scenarios for evaluation. Possible urbanized area transportation energy savings as well as reductions in vehicle miles of travel are estimated first for individual representative cities and then expanded to a national level. Representative cost evaluations of policy actions are included as well. Finally, note is made of projected secondary or indirect impacts of policy design and implementation. GRA N77-24103# Federal Aviation Administration. Washington. D. C. REP6R f~ TO CONGRESS "BY THE FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION ON THE ENERGY EFFICIENCY OF AGENCY REGULATIONS Final Report Nov. 1976 133 p (AD-A034611) Avail: NTIS HC A07/MF A01 CSCL 1.0/1 All regulations and laws administered by the FAA were examined for their effect on energy consumption. An inventory of regulations requiring activities which lead to fuel usage was prepared and organized. The following general groupings were identified: (1) flight test programs: (2) environmental control; (3) aircraft fuel supply: (4) aircraft speed and flight altitude: (5) airspace and air traffic control: (6) aircraft equipment: (7) crewmember qualifications. GRA N77-24206 British Library Lending Div.. Boston Spa (England). METHOD AND EQUIPMENT FOR THE INTRODUCTION OF LIQUID WASTE FUELS INTO A FLUIDIZED LAYER Pavel Novotny and Karel Hanyk. Nov. 1976 6 p Transl. into ENGLISH from Czech patent no. 158913 (1975) (BLL-RTS-10400) Avail: British Library Lending Div.. Boston Spa. Engl.: £3.00; 3 BLL overseas. 3 European or 12 UK BLL photocopy coupons A method and equipment for feeding liquid waste fuels into a fluidized layer while changing the composition of the fuel being introduced is described. The problem of self-supported combustion of different kinds of liquid flammable wastes with a 'minimum requirement for fitting out the equipment and with simple operation is solved. The combustion of the waste fuel takes place in a two-stage fluid burner with a relative shortage of air in such a way that the surplus of air in the fluid reactor is always less than unity, and the combustible gas leaving the fluid reactor is not burned until the second focus of combustion. Author N77-24245 British Library Lending Div., Boston Spa (England). ECONOMICS AND ORGANIZATION OF METALLURGICAL PRODUCTION: EFFECTIVENESS OF THE USE OF MAGNETIC FIELDS IN MELTING ALLOY STEELS I. I. Ivanov. L F. Vorobeva, and G. V. Bergauz [1976] 7 p Transl. into ENGLISH from Izv. Vyssh. Ucheb. Zaved., Chern. Met. (USSR), no. 5. 1976 p 183-185 (BLL-M-25473-I5828.4F)) Avail: British Library, Lending Div., Boston Spa, Engl. The technical and economic effectiveness of using a magnetic field from a solenoid for remelting alloy steels in a water-cooled mold beneath a layer of flux was investigated. When ball bearing, structural, stainless, and heat resistant steels are remelted in a magnetic field the quality of the metal is improved. Heat duration is reduced by 1.0-1.3 h, the specific electric power consumption is reduced 15-20%, and furnace delivery is raised by 18-25%. The reduction in the cost of ingots is, depending on the grade of steel, 1.6-4.0%. while the specific capital outlay on the remelting plant is reduced by 15-20%. Author N77-24265# Oak Ridge National Lab.. Tenn. Chemistry Div. CORROSIVITY OF GEOTHERMAL BRINES Progress Report F. A. Posey and A. A. Packo Dec. 1976 35 p refs (Contract W-7405-eng-26) (ORNL-TM-5688) Avail: NTIS HC A03/MF A01 The corrosivity of ferrous materials in synthetic geothermal brines was studied. Electrochemical measurements on the spontaneous corrosion potentials and corrosion rates, and on the kinetics of the anodic and cathodic corrosion reactions of iron and carbon steel were made in 4 M NaCI solution over the pH range from' 1 to 11 at temperatures up to 100 C in a conventional Pyrex electrochemical cell. A refreshed, stirred titanium autoclave system was designed, constructed, and tested, and will be used for making electrochemical measurements in synthetic brines up to at least 200 C. The effect of pH on hydrolysis, precipitation, and electrochemical reactivity of ferrous and ferric ions in 4 M NaCI at 25 C was studied, and implications for plant operation are discussed. The pitting potential of Type 304 stainless steel in synthetic brine was measured as a function of temperature from 25 to 85 C. Plans for research ori electrochemical aspects of the corrosion of iron and carbon steel in synthetic geothermal brines during FY1977 are presented. ERA N77-24314jjf Army Test and Evaluation Command, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Md. FUELS AND LUBRICANTS Final Report on Test Operations Procedure. 2 Jul. 1976 34 p refs (AD-A032842; TOP-2-2-701) Avail: NTIS HC A03/MF A01 CSCL 21/4 A method is prescribed for evaluating military fuel and lubricant compatibility with Army vehicles and a method for sampling and spectrometric analysis of lubricants for symptoms of metal wear or contamination. Equipment and facilities and basic test requirements are described. Tests for octane and cetane requirements; engine, transmission, and vehicle compatibil- ity: cold starting; and hydraulic, gear oil, and grease systems are described. A chart is included of typical fuels and lubricants for Army vehicles and equipment. Author (GRA) N77-24316# Battelle Columbus Labs.. Ohio. COMBUSTION ADDITIVES FOR POLLUTION CONTROL: A STATE-OF-THE-ART REVIEW Final Task Report. May 1972 - Dec. 1975 H. H. Krause, L. J. Hillenbrand. Albert E. Weller. and David W. Locklin Jan. 1977 106 p refs (Contract EPA-68-02-02.62) (PB-264068/8: EPA-600/2-77-008a) Avail: NTIS HC A06/JVIIr^A01 CSCL 2_1P A state-of-the-art review is presented of the potential of combustion-type fuel additives in reducing air pollutant emissions from oil and coal firing. A review of the relation of combustion mechanisms to additive action in controlling emissions: and a review of experimental investigations of combustion-type fuel additives are reported. The evidence for control by fuel additives of visible smoke and carbon paniculate is relatively strong; that for control of polycyclic organic matter is somewhat weaker. GRA N77 24318# Institute of Gas Technology. Chicago. III. ASSESSMENT APPLICATION FOR DIRECT COAL COMBUS- TION Final Report Mark E. Fejer, Peter A. Ketels, Marie-Therese Kouo, Jack D. Nesbitt. and Donald R. Shoffstall Oct. 1976 268 p refs (Contract NSF C-924; IGT Proj. 8970) (P.B-263651/2; NSF/PRA-7505072) Avail: NTIS HC A12/MF A01 CSCL21D 359 N77-24319 The feasibility of converting 9 processes within 24 SIC energy-intensive industries to pulverized coal with minimum cost and environmental impacts was analyzed. Selection of the candidate processes was based on its use of direct process heat, contribution to the total industry energy consumption pattern, and level of emissions and emission control. Factors assessed include: ability to maintain its thermal requirements, product quality, furnace requirements, and pollution level of paniculate matters, sulfur oxides, and nitrogen oxides with coal firing. Results indicated that pulverized coal can fulfill the requirements of cement and lime calcining, iron ore beneficiation, blast furnace, open hearth, glass melting for container glass production, and brick firing which can be immediately converted with minimum environmental impact. GRA ,N77-24319# Federal Power .Commission. Washington. D. C. Office of Economics. INCREMENTAL PRICING OF SUPPLEMENTAL GAS Aug. 1976 54 p refs (PB-263689/2) Avail: NTIS HC A04/MF A01 CSCL 21D Efficiency, equity, and administrative aspects of incremental and rolled-in pricing are covered. The feasibility of implementing incremental pricing at both the pipeline and burner tip levels is studied. Implications of combining a retail resale market with an incremental pricing scheme are discussed. GRA N77-2434O*# National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Pasadena Office. Calif. PHASE CONJUGATION METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR AN ACTIVE RETRODIRECTIVE ANTENNA ARRAY Patent Application Robert C. Tausworthe (JPL) and Ralph C. Chernoff. inventors (to NASA) (JPL) Filed 16 Mar. 1977 36 p (Contract NAS7-100) . . . (NASA-Case-NPO-13641-1; US-Patent-Appl-SN-777983)' Avail: NTIS HC A03/MF A01 CSCL 178 ' An active retrodirective antenna array is described in which a reference array element is used to generate' a phase reference which is replicated at succeeding elements, of the array. Each element of the array is associated with a phase regeneration circuit and the phase conjugation circuitry of an adjacent element. In one implementation, the phase reference circuit operates on the input signal at the reference element, a voltage controlled oscillator output signal, and the input pilot signal at the next array element received from a transmission line. In another implementation, particularly suited for large arrays in space, two different input pilot frequencies are employed. Their difference is the phase reference of the system, and a local oscillator is used'in obtaining this difference, which is in the IF range. In both implementations, appropriate mixing and filtering is performed to achieve phase conjugation and phase reference replication. NASA N77-24320# Federal Power Commission. Washington, D. C. Bureau of Natural Gas. THE GAS SUPPLIES OF INTERSTATE NATURAL GAS PIPELINE COMPANIES. 1975 28 Jan. 1977 125 p (PB-263598/5)- Avail: NTIS HC A06/MF A01 CSCL21D A statistical summary of the year-end 1975 total reserves and deliverability of the interstate pipeline companies and pertinent comparisons is provided. GRA ,N77-24321# Federal Energy Administration, Washington, D. C. Office of Energy Information and Analysis. PETROLEUM MARKET SHARES - A REPORT ON SALES OF REFINED PETROLEUM PRODUCTS. 1972 THROUGH 1975; AVIATION GASOLINE. JET FUELS. MIDDLE DISTILLATE FUEL OILS. RESIDUAL FUEL OIL. MOTOR GASOLINE 30 Apr. 1976 183 p refs (PB-262726/3: FEA/B-76/308) Avail: NTIS HC A01/MF A01 CSCL 210 Market share information for refiners and independent marketers of aviation gasoline, jet fuels, middle distillate fuel oil. residual fuel oil, and motor gasoline is presented. In general, information is presented for the period January 1972 through December 1975. The gasoline market share information is directed primarily towards changes in 1975. GRA N77-24332*# TRW Defense and Space Systems Group: Redondo Beach. Calif. TRANSMITTER EXPERIMENT PACKAGE FOR THE COM- MUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY SATELLITE B. Farber. D. S. Goldin. B. Marcus, and P. Mock [1977] 200 p refs (Contract NAS3-15839) • (NASA-CR-135035) Avail: NTIS HC A09/MF A01 CSCL 17B The operating requirements, system design characteristics, high voltage packaging considerations, nonstandard components development, and test results for the transmitter experiment package- (TEP) are described. The TEP is used for broadcasting power transmission from the Communications Technology Satellite. The TEP consists of a 12 GHz. 200-watt output stage tube (OST). a high voltage processing system that converts the unregulated spacecraft solar array power to the regulated voltages required for OST operation, and a variable conductance heat pipe system that is used to cool the OST body. . Author N77 24371 # Gulton Industries. Inc.. High Point. N. C. DESIGN MODIFICATION OF FEMCO MODEL 702909 WIRELESS GROUND MONITOR Final Report Leonard F. Vitt Jul. 1976 31 p . . • (Contract DI-8M-H0166034) (PB-262858/4; BM-OFR-15-77) Avail: • NTIS HC A03/MF A01 CSCL 08 ! . . " ' . ' • Femco Model 702909 Wireless Ground Monitor was modified as follows: (1) a voltage regulator was added to prevent false trips withline voltage variations; (2) a ground wire trap was designed to eliminate problems with parallel paths and provide spark suppression: (3) a three-phase filter was designed to .permit complete test of installed systems and (4) the design was modified to insure trip with an open ground wire in the event of a failure of any one semiconductor component. GRA N77-24381 British Library Lending Div.. Boston Spa (England). THE TURBO-GENERATOR WITH SUPERCONDUCTING FIELD WINDING IN TRANSIENT OPERATION H. Fuerisch Dec. 1976 14 p refs.. Transl. into ENGLISH from Arch, fuer Elektrotech. (W. Berlin), v.' 57. no. 6. 1976 p 291-296 (BLL-RTS-10351) Avail: British Library Lending Div.. Boston Spa. Engl.: £7.50; 7 BLL overseas. 8 European or 30 UK BLL photocopy coupons " . For a model of a turbogenerator with superconducting winding which is suitable for mathematical treatment, the specific current loads produced by the windings are given for arbitrary variation of the currents with time. A two-dimensional field analysis yields the magnetic fundamental harmonic fluxes linked with the windings and forms the voltage differential equations. Along with the form of the electromagnetically developed torque and the equations of motion describing the behavior of the mechanical union, the system equations of the generator are obtained. Author N77-24410# Battelle Columbus Labs.. Ohio. DESTATOR TEST PROGRAM EVALUATION Final Report. 26 Feb. 1974 - 31 Aug. 1976 S. A. Hawk and R. B. Reif 8 Jul. 1976 41 p refs (Contract DOT-CG-23223) (AD-A034260: USCG-D-130-76) Avail: NTIS HC A03/MF A01 CSCL 13/.12 Explosions that'occurred in three very'large crude tankers in December. 1969. called attention to a probable electrostatic problem related to washing operations in the large tanks.- The Destator is a system designed to sense charge in a tank being cleaned and to control the .magnitude of that charge. The report is an evaluation of those tests. Conclusions and comments'.are given. • . - • • . GRA 360 N77-24571 N77-24430# Massachusetts Inst. of Tech.. Oak Ridge. Tenn. School of Chemical Engineering Practice. DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS FOR CAPILLARY HEAT PIPES AT CRYOGENIC TEMPERATURES S. P. Sukhia. G. C. Coletta, and H. C. Pellowi 13 Oct. 1967 36 p refs. (Contract W-7405-eng-26) (ORNL-MIT-28) Avail: NTIS HC A03/MF A01 A cryogenic heat pipe was suggested as an efficient means of transferring heat from a cooled component on a spacecraft. A thermodynamic analysis of the heat pipe operation, at cryogenic temperatures, leads to the conclusion that the radiant heat leak into the system establishes a minimum temperature difference for efficient operation-the criterion being the absence of fluid boiling in the wick. A design equation for the maximum heat transport in the wick is presented, and correlations for wicking characteristics and wick dimensions are established. A preliminary design for the spacecraft heat pipe is presented. Operating conditions and physical dimensions of the heat pipe and wick are specified. Possible wick materials and configurations are discussed, and a specific approach for experimentation is recommended, - ERA N77-24431# Los Alamos Scientific Lab.. N. Mex. CERAMIC HEAT PIPE HEAT EXCHANGERS W. A. Ranken Sep. 1976 8 p refs (Contract W-7405-eng-36) (LA-6514-MS) Avail: NTIS HC A02/MF A01 High-temperature strength, resistance to corrosive at- mospheres, and moderate cost combine to make ceramic materials an obvious choice for construction of high-temperature thermal energy recuperator systems. Despite these advantages, ceramic recuperators are steadily being replaced by metallic units at considerable sacrifice in maximum air or fuel preheat temperatures and hence in recovery efficiency. By constructing a recuperator from ceramic heat pipes, the number of joints and the thermal stress to which they are subjected can be greatly reduced, .and •very low'leakage rates can, in principle, be obtained. Methods of fabricating ceramic heat pipes are described and a. conceptual recuperator design is' presented. Potential applications of this 'type of unit are also briefly discussed. • ERA N77 24483# Air Force Inst. of Tech.. Wright-Patterson AFB. Ohio. School of Engineering. • ANALYSIS OF THE SUN PUMPED LASER CONE OPTICS M.S. Thesis Perry Michael Towles Sep. 1976 60 p refs (AD-A034284; GEP/PH/76-11) Avail: NTIS HC A04/MF A01 CSCL 20/5 A meridional ray analysis is accomplished on the solar energy collector part Of a sun pumped laser. A Gaussian approximation is completed and shows a solar image 0.57 inches in diameter is located 3.81 cm from the end of the laser rod. The image is inside the laser cavity. For 200 watts available at the primary mirror of the Cassegrainian System, it is found that only about 150 watts is furnished to the cone lens for through put. Only about 66 percent of the available 150 watts is collected by the cone lens and channelled to the laser rod by the condensing cone. The last is found by a skew ray analysis of some rays coming from the outer radial part of the primary mirror. These rays are traversing the system all the way to the cone lens, but are diverging before entering the lens and therefore not being collected by the condenser cone. An analysis is made of the exit angle of the power traversing the condenser cone. The analysis was made so that an AR coating of the appropriate material and thickness could be put on the laser rod for maximum collection of the solar energy wavelengths used in pumping the Nd:YAG laser rod. GRA N77-245O4# Stanford Research Inst.. Menlo Park, Calif. LONG TERM ENERGY ALTERNATIVES FOR AUTOMOTIVE PROPULSION. SYNTHETIC FUEL VERSUS BATTERY/ ELECTRIC SYSTEM E. E. Hughes. B. L Walton. P. M. Newgard. J. W. Ryan. R. V. Steele. E. M. Dickson. S. M. Kohan, J. B. Kopelman. E. D. Oliver, and P. M. Halton Aug. 1976 17 p (Contract NSF C-915; Grant NSF OEP-75-16162: SRI Proj. EGU-4064) (PB-262512/7: SRI-EGU-4064: NSF/PRA-7516162; Rept-5) Avail: NTIS HC A01/MF A01 CSCL 13F Conventional automobiles deriving fuel from coal by coal liquefaction processes are compared with electric cars using advanced batteries (such as the high temperature lithium-sulfur battery). Four comparison criteria—ease of transition from the present system, economics, energy requirements and environmen- tal quality—were applied. GRA N77-24605# Stanford Research Inst.. Menlo Park. Calif. LONG TERM ENERGY ALTERNATIVES FOR AUTOMOTIVE PROPULSION: SYNTHETIC FUEL VERSUS BATTERY/ ELECTRIC SYSTEM Final Report E. E. Hughes, B. L Walton, P. M. Newgard, J. W. Ryan. R. V. Steele. E. M. Dickson, S. M. Kohan. J. B. Kopelman. E. D. Oliver, and P. M. Halton Aug. 1976 281 p refs (Contract NSF C-915; Grant NSF OEP-75-16162; SRI Proj. EGU-4064) (PB-262'513/5: SRI-EGU-4064-FR; NSF/PRA-751616162-1-6) Avail: NTIS HC A13/MF A01 CSCL 13F For abstract, see N77-24504. N77-24514#' Faucett (Jack) Associates, Inc., Chevy Chase, Md. TRUCK FLEET EXPERIENCE WITH FUEL ECONOMY IMPROVEMENT MEASURES Jul. 1976 136 p refs (Contract FEA-CO-04-50135) (PB-263022/6: FEA/D-76/392) Avail: NTIS HC A07/MF A01 CSCL 13F The major steps taken by the trucking industry to save fuel are reviewed. It includes a discussion of experience with individual conservation measures and contains a series of case -studies detailing the various fuel economy improvements efforts of individual companies. GRA N7.7-24561*# ECON, Inc.. Princeton, NJ. AN EVALUATION OF SEA SAT-A CANDIDATE OCEAN INDUSTRY ECONOMIC VERIFICATION EXPERIMENTS Final Report 1 Apr. 1977 249 p refs (Contract NASw-3047) (NASA-CR-153009: Rept-76-242-1) Avail: NTIS HCA11/MFA01 CSCL 05C A description of the candidate economic verification experi- ments which could be performed with SEASAT is provided. Experiments have been identified in each of the areas of ocean-based activity that are expected to show an economic impact from the use of operational SEASAT data. Experiments have been identified in the areas of Arctic operations, the ocean fishing industry, the offshore oil and natural gas industry, as well as ice monitoring and coastal zone applications. . Author N77-24571jjl Southwest Research Inst.. San Antonio. Tex. Div. of Geothermal Energy. DEVELOPMENT OF AN ASSESSMENT METHODOLOGY FOR GEOPRESSURIZED ZONES OF THE UPPER GULF COAST BASED ON A STUDY OF ABNORMALLY PRES- SURED GAS FIELDS IN SOUTH TEXAS Final Report R. K. Swanson. P. Oetking, J. S. Osoba, and R. C. Hagens Aug. 1976 122 p refs (Contract E(11-1 (-2687) (COO-2687-5) Avail: NTIS HC A06/MF A01 Individual fields were assessed for their potential to produce large quantities of geothermal fluid based on reservoir study and detailed geological investigation. Five locations within the study region have been selected as potential candidates for further evaluation and possible eventual testing. Based on investigation of permeability and temperature, the upper limit of fluid 361 N77-24572 temperature likely to be produced in the lower south Texas study region is 300 F. In Live Oak County, the possibility of produc- ing fluid at higher temperatures is somewhat improved, with a reasonable possibility of producing fluid at 350 to 375 F. ERA N77-24572# Federal Energy Administration. Washington. D. C. Strategic Petroleum Reserve Office. STRATEGIC PETROLEUM RESERVE DRAFT ENVIRONMEN- TAL IMPACT STATEMENT FOR CENTRAL ROCK MINE Dec. 1976 463 p refs (PB-262390/8: EEA/S-76/489; DES-76-9) Avail: NTIS HC A20/MF A01 CSCL21D The present action is part of the ESR (Energy Storage Reserve) and proposes to store 14 million barrels of oil in an underground limestone mine located in Lexington, Kentucky. The proposed storage of oil at Central Rock Mine would be implemented at an existing underground limestone mine presently owned and operated by the Central Rock Company. This site-specific Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) has identified particularly sensitive environmental parameters that were investigated. GRA N77-24673# Federal Energy Administration, Washington, D. C. Strategic Petroleum Reserve Office. STRATEGIC PETROLEUM RESERVE. DRAFT ENVIRON- MENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT FOR IRONTON MINE Dec. 1976 487 p refs (PB-262451/8; FEA/S-76/490) Avail: NTIS HC A21/MF A01 CSCL21D The Federal Energy Administration (FEA) ' proposes to implement the Strategic Petroleum Reserve to mitigate the social and economic impacts of any future interruptions of petroleum imports. The Reserve will store 150 million barrels of oil by December of 1978 in the Early Storage Reserve (ESR). and 500 million barrels by 1982 under the entire program. Particularly sensitive environmental parameters for the Ironton, Ohio Early Storage Reserve site are identified. GRA N77-24577# Stanford Univ.. Calif. Dept. of Petroleum Engineering. MATHEMATICAL MODELLING OF SINGLE-PHASE NONI- SOTHERMAL FLUID FLOW THROUGH POROUS MEDIA Ph.D. Thesis Paul Gardiner Atkinson May 1976 209 p refs (Grant NSF AER-72-03490-A03) (PB-262884/0: NSF/RA-760404) Avail: NTIS HC A10/MF A01 CSCL 081 A series of mathematical models are developed to describe heat transfer in laboratory experiments using cylindrical cores in a Hassler-type coreholder. The models are general and can also be used to study behavior encountered in other laboratory arrangements. Analytical solutions are derived and the behavior of these solutions is studied to determine the interaction of the heat transfer mechanisms in laboratory cores. The mathematical models are evaluated by comparison of calculated results with published experimental data. GRA N77-24579# Federal Energy Administration, Washington, D. C. Strategic Petroleum Reserve Office. STRATEGIC PETROLEUM RESERVE. BRYAN MOUND SALT DOME Final Environmental Impact Statement Jan. 1977 -534 p refs (PB-262839/4; FEA/S-76/502; FES-76/77-6) Avail: NTIS HC A23/MF A01 CSCL21D The implementation of Strategic Petroleum Reserve (SPR). of the Energy Policy and Conservation Act of 1975 initiated the development of a 58 million barrel crude oil storage facility at the Bryan Mound Salt Dome. The purpose of the SPR is to mitigate the economic impacts of any future interruptions of the petroleum imports. Under the initial phase of the SPR, referred to as the Early Storage Reserve (ESR), one hundred fifty million barrels of oil will be stored by 1978. The Bryan Mound site, a salt dome with existing cavities located in Brazoria County. Texas, has been identified as a candidate site of the ESR because it offers the advantage of large storage capacity, easy access to 'the distribution network, and a relatively short preparation period. This site-specific EIS analyzes the environmental impacts caused by site preparation and operation. GRA N77-24580# Federal Energy Administration. Washington. D. C. Strategic Petroleum Reserve Office. STRATEGIC PETROLEUM RESERVE. WEST HACKBERRY . SALT DOME Final Environmental Impact Statement Jan. 1977 616 p refs (PB-262508/5: FEA/S-76/503; FES-76/77-4) Avail: NTIS HC A99/MF A01 CSCL 21 D Under the initial phase of the SPR (Strategic Petroleum Reserve), referred to as the Early Storage Reserve (ESR), one hundred fifty million barrels of oil will be stored by 1978. This site-specific EIS analyzes the environmental impacts caused by site preparation and operation. GRA N77-24581*# Solarex Corp.. Rockville, Md. SOLAR BREEDER: ENERGY PAYBACK TIME FOR SILICON PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEMS Joseph Lindmayer Apr. 1977 57 p refs Prepared for JPL .(Contracts NAS7-100; JPL-954606) (NASA-CR-153060; QR-1; ERDA/JPL-954606-77/1; SX/111/1Q) Avail: NTIS HC A04/MF A01 CSCL 10A The energy expenditures of the prevailing manufacturing technology of terrestrial photovoltaic cells and panels were evaluated, including silicon reduction, silicon refinement, crystal growth, cell processing and panel building. Energy expenditures include direct energy, indirect energy, and energy in the form of equipment and overhead expenses. Payback times were develop- ment using a conventional solar cell as a test vehicle which allows for the comparison of its energy generating capability with the energies expended during the production process. It was found that the energy payback time for a typical solar panel produced by the prevailing technology is 6.4 years. Furthermore, this value drops to 3.8 years under more favorable conditions. Moreover, since the maior energy use reductions in terrestrial manufacturing have occurred in cell processing, this payback time directly illustrates the areas where major future energy reductions can be made — silicon refinement, crystal growth, and panel building. Author N77-24582*# National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville. Ala. AN ANALYTICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF A 1.8 BY 3.7 METER FRESNEL LENS SOLAR CONCEN- TRATOR Leon J. Hastings. Steve L. Allums, and Warren S. Jensen Apr. 1977 75 p refs (NASA-TM-X-73392) Avail: NTIS HC A04/MF A01 CSCL 10A Line-focusing acrylic Fresnel lenses with application potential in the 200 to 370 C range are analytically and experimentally evaluated. Investigations previously conducted with a 56 cm wide lens were extended to experimentation/analyses with a 1.8 by 3.7 m lens. A measured peak concentration ratio of 64 with 90 percent of the transmitted energy focused into a 5.0 cm width was achieved. A peak concentration of 61 and a 90 percent target width of 4.5 cm were analytically computed. The experimental and analytical lens transmittance was 81 percent and 86 percent, respectively. Thus, the analytical/experimental lens performance correlation is considered good. The lens also was interfaced with a receiver assembly and operated in the collection mode. The collection efficiency ranged from 42 percent at 100 C to 26 percent at 300 C. whereas an efficiency of 40 percent at 300 C was anticipated. Apparently, the reflective cavity surrounding the absorber tube did not perform as expected. Author N77-24585*# National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center. Houston, Tex. CRITICAL AREAS: SATELLITE POWER SYSTEMS CON- CEPTS 362 N77-24593 Jul. 1975 168 p (NASA-TM-X-74694; JSC-10873) Avail: NTIS HC A08/MF -A01 CSCL 10A Critical Areas are defined and discussed in the various areas pertinent to satellite power systems. The presentation is grouped into five areas (General. Space Systems. Solar Energy Conversion. Microwave Systems, and Environment/Ecology) with a sixth area (Power Relay) considered separately in an appendix. Areas for Future Consideration as critical areas are discussed in a second appendix. Author N77-24586# Lockheed Missiles and Space Co.. Palo Alto. Calif. USE OF RADIATION REFLECTED FROM EARTH TO INCREASE THE POWER OF SOLAR PANELS N. M. Bordina. N. A. Borisova. G. S. Daletskii. V. V. Zaode. A. K. '.Zaitseva. A. P. Landsman, and U. A. Letin [1976], 8 p refs Transl. into ENGLISH from Kosm. Issled. (USSR), v. 14. no. 2. 1976 p 293-298 Avail: NTIS HC A02/MF A01; National Translation Center. John Crerar Library. Chicago. .Illinois 60616 Computations of the direct and earth-reflected solar radiation fluxes reaching the panels of solar batteries (SP) mounted on an artificial earth satellite are presented. Different modes of SP orientation are considered. An estimate is made to intensify SP power using radiation reflected from earth on two-sided SP. Author N77-24587*#. National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Lewis Research Center. Cleveland, Ohio. BASELINE PERFORMANCE OF SOLAR COLLECTORS FOR NASA LANGLEY SOLAR BUILDING TEST FACILITY. Richard H. Knoll and Susan M. Johnson Washington May 1977 25 p refs (NASA-TM-X-35Q5; E-9036) Avail: NTIS HC A02/MF A01 CSCL 10A The solar collector field contains seven collector 'designs. Before operation in the field, trie experimental performances (thermal efficiencies) of the seven collector designs were measured in an indoor solar simulator. The resulting data provided a baseline for' later comparison with actual field test data. The simulator test results are presented for the collectors as received, and after several weeks of outdoor exposure with no coolant'(dry operation). Six of the seven collector designs tested showed substantial reductions in thermal efficiency after dry operation. Author N77-24588# Energy Research and Development Administration, Washington, D.C. Div. of Solar Energy. AN ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF SOLAR WATER AND SPACE HEATING Nov. 1976 74 'p refs ' ' (DSE-2322-1) Avail: SOD HC $1.85 Solar system designs for 13 cities were optimized so as to minimize the life cycle cost over the assumed 20 year life time of the solar energy'systems. The major assumptions regarding the solar system, type and use of building, financial considerations, and economic environment used in the design optimization were included. Author N77-24690*# National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Pasadena Office. Calif. SUN TRACKING SOLAR ENERGY COLLECTOR Patent Application Gerald S. Perkins, inventor (to NASA) (JPL) Filed 6 Apr. 1977 12 p (Contract NAS7-100) (NASA-Case-NPO-13921-1: US-Patent-Appl-SN-785257) Avail: NTIS_HC A02/MF A01 CSCL 10A A parabolic reflector is supported so that it can track the sun. The support for this reflector comprises an azimuth frame supported on two wheels and a central pivotal point which are positioned in a substantially triangular configuration. The two wheels rotate on tracks. On top of the azimuth frame, there is provided an elevation frame. The elevation frame includes curved rails which define a portion of an arc and extend vertically. The reflector rides on wheels captured within the curved rails. The wheels of the azimuth frame are driven by an azimuth actuator. The reflector structure is counterbalanced about its elevation axis by a pendulum cable system which is driven by a motor to change elevation. At the focal point of the parabolic reflector, a heat engine or receiver is mounted independently of the reflector. Author N77-24591# Western Forest Products Lab.. Vancouver (British Columbia). ENERGY SELF-SUFFICIENCY PROSPECTS FOR THE BRITISH COLUMBIA FOREST PRODUCTS INDUSTRY R. S. Evans Apr. 1977 23 p refs (VP-X-166) Avail: NTIS HC A02/MF A01 The analysis indicates that in each of the sub-zones, the industry could be independent of natural gas, and that a net residue surplus would still remain in four sub-zones sufficient to sustain thermal-electric-generating plants with an aggregate capacity of 175 megawatts. New or improved technologies for recovery of energy from hog fuel are identified. Wood gasification offers the greatest potential for replacing natural gas. Author N77-24592*# National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Lewis Research Center. Cleveland. Ohio. EXPERIMENTAL EVALUATION OF A BREADBOARD HEAT AND PRODUCT-WATER REMOVAL SYSTEM FOR A SPACE-POWER FUEL CELL DESIGNED WITH STATIC WATER REMOVAL AND EVAPORATIVE COOLING Norman H. Hagedorn and Paul R. Prokipius Washington May 1977 27 p ref (NASA-TN-D-8485: E-8822) Avail: NTIS HC A03/MF A01 CSCL IDA A test program was conducted to evaluate the design of a heat and product-water removal system to be used with fuel cell having static water removal and evaporative cooling. The program, which was conducted on a breadboard version of the system, provided a general assessment of the design in terms of operational integrity and transient stability. This assessment showed that, on the whole, the concept appears to be inherently sound but that in refining this design, several facets, will require additional study. These involve interactions between pressure regulators in the pumping loop that occur when they are not correctly matched and the question of whether an ejector is necessary in the system. Author N77-24593*# National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Lewis Research Center, Cleveland, Ohio. METHOD FOR FABRICATING SOLAR CELLS HAVING INTEGRAL COLLECTOR GRIDS Patent Application John C. Evans, Jr.. inventor (to NASA) Filed 6 Juh. 1977 16 p (NASA-Case-LEW-12819-1: US-Patent-Appl-SN-803823) Avail: NTIS HC A02/MF A01 CSCL 10A A heterojunction barrier photovoltaic device is described. It comprises a heterojunction or Schottky barrier device, a conductive base metal layer compatible with and coating predominately the exposed surface of the p-type substrate of the device such that a back surface field region is formed at the interface between the device and the base metal layer, ,a transparent, conductive mixed metal oxide layer in integral contact with the n-type layer of the heterojunction or Schottky barrier device having a metal alloy grid network of the same metal elements of the oxide constitutents of the mixed metal oxide layer embedded in the mixed metal oxide layer, an insulating layer which prevents electrical contact between the conductive metal base layer and the transparent, conductive metal oxide layer, and a metal contact means coverging the insulating layer and in intimate contact with the metal grid network embedded in the transparent, conductive oxide layer for conducting electrons generated by the photovoltaic process from the device. NASA 363 N77-24594 N77-24594# Oak Ridge National Lab.. Tenn. PROCESS ENERGY RELIABILITY REQUIREMENTS FOR SELECTED INDUSTRIES W. G. Sullivan and T. M. West Sep. 1976 58 p refs (Contract W-7405-eng-26) (ORNL/TM-5428) Avail: NTIS HC A04/MF A01 Twenty-nine responses to the mail-out questionnaire were returned, and data were analyzed with respect to steam generator characteristics, types of fuels used, amounts of electrical energy purchased or sold, and reliabilities of the steam-supply system. Reliability referred to the percentage of clock time that sufficient amounts of steam energy were available to permit desired production quotas to be met at a particular plant. For the 17 chemical industries, study results showed that reliabilities ranged from 100 to 89 percent, and the average value was 98 percent. The nine petroleum refineries experienced an average steam- supply system reliability of 92 percent, with individual refinery reliabilities ranging from 100 to 70 percent. Finally, there were only three primary metals companies represented in the study, and their process energy reliabililiss were 100 percent. ERA N77 24595# Brookhaven National Lab.. Upton. N.Y. FUTURE NATURAL GAS SUPPLY TO THE NORTHEAST R. N. Langlois Apr. 1976 77 p refs (Contract E(30-1)-16) (BNL-50558) Avail: NTIS HC A05/MF A01 Based on estimates of total U.S. gas reserves (discovered and undiscovered) and applying a modified Hubbert method to a number of assumptions, projections of natural gas production were made for 1985 and 2000. From these, the amount of gas supply available to the Northeast was projected based on further assumptions, e.g.. if there is gas deposit on the Atlantic Outer Continental Shelf, whether it will be developed in time, how much of the Alaskan gas is available to this part of the nation, etc. The conclusion is that under most scenarios the supply of natural gas to the Northeast will be severly constrained. ERA N77-24596# Brookhaven National Lab.. Upton. N.Y. PLANNER'S ENERGY WORKBOOK: A USERS' MANUAL FOR LAND USE AND ENERGY UTILIZATION 1976 23 p Presented at the Am. Inst. of Planners New England Regional Meeting, Hyannis, Mass., 11 Jun. 1976 Prepared in cooperation with State Univ. of New York, Stony Brook (Contract E(30-1)-16) (BNL-21546: Conf-760660-1) Avail: NTIS HC A02/MF A01 The analysis of energy demand and fuel consumption in the residential sector, the commercial sector, the industrial sector, and the transportation sector in the U.S. is summarized. Each of the parameters that enter into the analysis is described for each sector. ERA N77-24697# Brookhaven National Lab., Upton. N.Y. ALTERNATIVE PATTERNS OF INDUSTRIAL ENERGY CONSUMPTION IN THE NORTHEAST R. J. Gottle. IV Mar. 1976 61 p refs (Contract E(30-1)-16) (BNL-50555) Avail: NTIS HC A04/MF A01 Data sources, assumptions, and methodology employed to construct the 1972 industrial energy consumption in the region are discussed. Utilizing this base-year information and existing projections and assumptions of underlying economic phenomena. a number of alternative energy-consumption patterns were calculated for the northeastern industrial sector in the years 1985 and 2000. ERA N77 24598# Oak Ridge National Lab.. Tenn. ELECTROSTATIC ENERGY STORAGE R. L Macklin Sep. 1976 9 p refs (Contract W-7405-eng-26) (ORNL/TM-5529) Avail: NTIS HC A02/MF A01 The advantages of capacitor storage of energy, particularly for automotive use, are reviewed and compared with alternatives. A few suggestions for research possibilities for possibly suitable organic dielectrics are given. ERA N77-24599# Oak Ridge National Lab.. Tenn. ANNUAL CYCLE ENERGY SYSTEM: INITIAL INVESTIGA- TIONS H. C. Fischer. J. C. Christian, E. C. Hise. A. S. Holrnan, A. J. Miller. W. R. Mixon. J. C. Moyers, and E. A. Nephew Oct. 1976 65 p refs (Contract W-7405-eng-26) (ORNL/TM-5525) Avail: NTIS HC A04/MF A01 Initial analytical and experimental investigations were conducted to establish data and design procedures prior to a demonstration of the Annual Cycle Energy System (ACES) in an ,actual building. ACES is an integrated system for supplying space heating and cooling, and domestic hot water to a building through the use of a heat pump, a thermal storage unit, and an outdoor radiative/convective panel. The heat pump extracts energy from a tank of stored water to provide winter heating. The ice that is formed is accumulated for subsequent use in meeting ,the cooling requirements of the building in the summer. A components test assembly was constructed to measure the rates of heat transfer during ice buildup and brine operations, to assess the design requirements of the evaporator and the desuperheater for producing domestic hot water. ERA N77-24600# Owens-Illinois. Inc.. Toledo. Ohio. EVALUATION OF AN ALL-GLASS. EVACUATED, TUBULAR. NON-FOCUSING. NON-TRACKING SOLAR COLLECTOR ARRAY 1976 44 p (Contract E(11-D-2919) (TID-27192) Avail: NTIS HC A03/MF A01 An evaluation of an advanced design evacuated tubular all-glass solar collector using air as the heat transfer fluid and having the potential of producing an exit fluid temperature in excess of 250 F at an efficiency of greater than 40 percent is presented. The test systems are operated over a wide range of mass flow rates and inlet temperatures under selected steady state conditions. In addition, the systems are operated in a control mode simulating an air conditioning cycle. . ERA N77-24601# California Univ.. Livermore. Lawrence Livermore Lab. RESEARCH LEADING TO THE PRODUCTION AND EARLY USE OF NUMERIC DATA BANKS OF MATERIAL PROPER- TIES AND SYSTEM ANALYSES Quarterly Progress Report. Apr. - Jun. 1976 Viktor E. Hampel 16 Sep. 1976 31 p refs (Contract W-7405-eng-48) (UCRL-50038-76-2) Avail: NTIS HC A03/MF A01 A bibliographic data base for flywheel energy-storage systems was created. Work was continued on the systems structure for the energy-storage data bases. A test of this prototype data-base structure was begun for data on properties of salts used in thermal storage systems. Preliminary definitions were developed for data bases to permit the analysis and intercomparison of energy-storage systems. ERA N77-24603# Waterloo Univ. (Ontario). WATSUN: A SOLAR HEATING SIMULATION AND ECONOMIC EVALUATION PROGRAM User's Manual J. F. Orgill and K. G. T. Hollands Apr. 1976 88 p refs (NP-21307) Avail: NTIS (US Sales Only) HC A05/MF A01; EROA Depository Libraries The modules contained within WATSUN consist of system rather than component models with the exception of an optional flat-plate collector model. The result of using system rather than component models is reduced computational effort and associated costs allowing for the evaluation of a wide range of system sizes. ERA N77-246O4# Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization. Melbourne (Australia). PROGRESS REPORT ON THE PERFORMANCE OF THREE AUSTRALIAN SOLAR HOT WATER SYSTEMS H. Salt Sep. 1976 29 p refs (SES-8) Avail: NTIS (US Sales Only) HC A03/MF A01: ERDA Depository Libraries , . 364 N77 24619 Three Australian hot water systems were monitored. These systems are of different areas, and the hot water usage patterns at the three installations are very different. Tr. systems are described and tables are presented showing the cr.ergy consumed in providing the hot water, the fraction of this which was provided by the solar part of the system and the efficiency with which the system was able to convert the solar radiation incident on the collectors to hot water required by the users. The tables show that the hot water usage pattern plays a significant part in determining the overall solar system performance. ERA N77-24606# California Univ.. Livermore. Lawrence Livermore Lab. Oiv. of Solar Energy. UNITED STATES SPECIAL FORMAT REPORT: PERFORM- ANCE OF THE SOHIO SOLAR WATER HEATING SYSTEM USING LARGE AREA PLASTIC COLLECTORS (GRANTS. NEW MEXICO) W. C. Dickinson May 1976 39 p refs (Contract £(04-31-1038) (SAN-1038-76-1) Avail: NTIS HC A02/MF A01 Performance measurements have been made with this system over a period of about one year. Plans and specifications have just been completed for a full-sized system consisting of 72 SSP (Sohio Solar Power) modules, each 3.5 m by 60 m. ERA N77-24609# Institute of Gas Technology, Chicago, III.' MOLTEN SALT THERMAL ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEMS: SALT SELECTION H. C. Maru, H. F. Dullea. and V. S. Huang Aug. 1976 61 p refs (Contract E(11-1 (-2888) (COO-2888-1) Avail: NTIS HC A04/MF A01 A total of 31 inorganic salts and salt mixtures, including 9 alkali and alkaline earth carbonate mixtures, were evaluated for their suitability as heat-of-fusion thermal energy storage materials at temperatures of 850 to 1000 F. Thermophysical properties, safety hazards, corrosion, and cost of these salts were compared on a common basis. It is concluded that because alkali carbonate mixtures show high thermal conductivity, low volumetric expansion on melting, low corrosivity and good stability, they are attractive as heat-of-fusion storage materials in this temperature range. ERA N77-24611# Waterloo Univ. (Ontario). DETERMINING THE TECHNICAL AND ECONOMIC FEASI- BILITY OF UTILIZING SOLAR ENERGY FOR HEATING BUILDINGS IN CANADA Yearly Report. Project No. 4107 K. G. T. Hollands and J. F. Orgill Apr. 1976 47 p refs Sponsored by National Research Council. Canada (NP-21308) Avail: NTIS (US Sales Only) HC A03/MF A01; ERDA Depository Libraries The development of a computer model for solar heating systems and development of a method for utilizing incomplete solar data are presented. ERA. N77-24612# Argonne National Lab., III. ELECTRIC STORAGE HEATING: THE EXPERIENCE IN ENGLAND AND WALES AND IN THE FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY J. G. Asbury and A. Kouvalis May 1976 30 p refs (Contract W-31-109-eng-38) (ANL/ES-50) Avail: NTIS HC A03/MF A01 The policies, methods, and circumstances under which electric storage heating was commercialized in Europe are reviewed, and background information for evaluating the feasibility of commerical applications in the United States is given. ERA N77-24616# European Space Agency, Paris (France). THE CYLINDRICAL PARABOLIC MIRROR AS REFLECTOR FOR SOLAR COLLECTORS-EFFICIENCIES AND OPTIMIZA- TION Rainer Koehne Apr. 1977 50 p refs Transl. into ENGLISH of 'Der parabolische Zylmderspiegel als Reflektor fuer Solarkol- lektoren Wirkungsgrade u. Optimieruhgsbetrachtungen', DFVLR,. Stuttgart Report DLR-FB-76-55, 27 Oct. 1976 Original report in GERMAN previously announced as N77-20607 Original German report available from DFVLR. Cologne DM 15,90 (ESA-TT-365; DLR-FB-76-55) Avail: NTIS HC A03/MF A01 After introducing the concentration ratio and intercept-factor of focusing collectors with parabolic cylinder mirrors the energy balance equations were derived to determine the efficiencies under steady state conditions. The components of the collector were varied and optimized with respect to maximum efficiency. Furthermore the dynamic behavior of the collector was calculated and the average efficiencies compared with the efficiencies in the steady state condition. Author (ESA) N77-24616# Federal Energy Administration, Washington, DC Office of Energy Conservation and Environment. SECOND QUARTERLY REPORT TO US HOUSE AND SENATE COMMITTEES ON APPROPRIATIONS Jul. 1976 35 p refs (PB-263418/6; FEA/D-77/045) Avail: NTIS HC A03/MF A01 CSCL 10A Progress of the Federal Energy Administration (FEA) energy conservation programs and short and long term accomplishments is described. An overview briefly summarizing the programs, focusing on new programs and significant changes in the scope of existing programs is included. Highlights of the current status of the programs, including indicators of energy consumption and conservation and major activities conducted during the reporting period are given, and new publications are listed. Author N77-24618# UOP. Inc.. Des Plaines. III. OPTIMIZATION OF PT-DOPED KOCITE (R) TRADEMARK ELECTRODES IN H3 PO4 FUEL CELLS Interim Progress Report, Feb. - Aug. 1976 R. N. Leverle Oct. 1976 58 p refs (Contract DAAG53-76-C-0014; DA Proj. 1G7-62708-AH-67) (AD-A034604) Avail: NTIS HC A04/MF A01 CSCL 10/2 The use of UOP Pt-impregnated Kocite materials as low cost air and/or fuel electrocatalysts in phosphoric acid electrolyte fuel cells is being optimized. Kocite(R) materials are composite structures consisting of pyropolymers chemically bonded to refractory substrates. Fuel cell electrodes are fabricated from those materials and tested as anodes or cathodes in model fuel cells with Teflon bonded Pt black counter electrodes. Kocite is being produced in 200-400 gram quantities from a high surface area alumina with a particle size of about 500 nm. From the Pt-impregnated Kocite, electrodes with a porous graphite paper current collector are being fabricated by both hand and machine calendering . operations with 0.125, " 0.25, and 0.50 mg/sq cm Pt loadings. When tested in model phosphoric acid fuel cells with 2 mg/sq cm Pt black counter electrodes, full-cell IR-free performances of 0.62 and 0.71 volts as air and oxygen cathodes, respectively, have been obtained at 100 ma/sq cm and 149 C using 0.25 mg/sq cm Pt-loaded Kocite electrodes. Lifetime testing of Kocite electrodes as cathodes indicates no catalyst deterioration occurs for periods in excess of 500 hours for temperatures from 140 to 180 C. In order to optimize the structure of Kocite electrodes, the teflon content, density, and thickness of the Kocite catalyst layer have been systematically varied. GRA N77-24619# Stanford Univ.. Calif. Systems Optimization Lab. ENERGY MODELS AND LARGE-SCALE SYSTEMS OPTIMI- ZATION George B. Dantzig and Shailendra C. Parikh Nov. 1976 11 p refs (Contracts N00014-75-C-0267: N00014-75-C-0865) (AD-A033736; SU-SOL-76-23) Avail: NTIS HC A02/MF A01 CSCL 12/2 The optimization of large-scale dynamic systems represents a central area of research whose successful outcome could make important contributions to the analysis of crucial national and world problems. Although a great number of papers have been published on the theory of solving. large-scale systems, not much in software exists that can successfully solve such systems. 365 N77-24620 It is believed that there has been little progress, because there has been little in the way of extensive experimentation comparing methods under laboratory-like conditions on representative models. At Stanford's Systems Optimization Laboratory .(SOL), to bridge this gap between theory and application, experimental software for solving large-scale dynamic systems has been developed, proposed techniques on representative models have been systematically compared, and information regarding experimen- tal results has been recorded and disseminated. This report gives an overview of some of the work being done at the Systems Optimization Laboratory. GRA N77 24620# Societal Analytics Inst.. Inc., Dallas, Tex. BARRIERS TO THE USE OF WIND ENERGY MACHINES: THE PRESENT LEGAL/REGULATORY REGIME AND A PRELIMINARY ASSESSMENT OF SOME LEGAL/ POLITICAL/SOCIETAL PROBLEMS Rita Falk Taubenfeld and Howard J. Taubenfeld Jul. 1976 159 P refs .{Grant NSF AER-75-18362) (PB-263576/1; NSF/RA-760422) Avail: NTIS HC A08/MF A01 CSCL 10B The present state of. law and regulation at all levels, of government that may affect wind energy machines is analyzed. Also analyzed and assessed is the state of analogous and related law and regulation, requirements at various levels of government, and international rules, as wind machines grow larger and/or are used in arrays. It suggests some potential impacts of the development of wind-based power technology on selected aspects of the American economy, particularly on the energy delivering utilities. GRA N77 24622# Mitre Corp., McLean. Va. SOLAR ENERGY GOVERNMENT BUILDINGS PROGRAM POLICY AND IMPLEMENTATION PLAN Jan. 1977 232 p refs (Contract FEA-CR-05-60704-00) (PB-262841/0; FEA/0-77/032) Avail: NTIS HC A11/MF A01 CSCL 13A The costs and benefits of several feasible scales of implemen- tation of such a program to support the decision as to whether the program should be implemented, and if so. at what level, are discussed. Several alternative administrative arrangements for implementing the program if approved are presented. GRA N77-24626# Battelle Pacific Northwest Labs.. Richland. Wash. THE USE OF GEOTHERMAL ENERGY AT MILITARY INSTALLATIONS Research Report. 1 Sep. - 15 Oct. 1976 W. R. McSpadden Oct. 1976 71 p refs Sponsored by DARPA (AD-A034241) Avail: NTIS HC A04/MF A01 CSCL 10/1 This report is a result of a review of eight ARPA funded projects conducted to identify: (1) geothermal resources for military installations and (2) key problems for their development. Of these, four projects dealt with identification and evaluation of resources: two dealt with problems associated with the chemistry of geothermal fluids, in particular corrosion and scaling; one project was concerned with the critical problem of drilling for geothermal resources; and one was a review of the current state-of-the-art of geothermal energy development. As a result of these studies, two target areas have been identified as prime candidates for development of geothermal energy at military installations: The Coso Hot Springs, on the Naval Weapons Center at China Lake, CA, and the Marine Corps base at Twenty-nine Palms. CA. In addition, two test sites are proposed in southern Texas for research and development of geopressured systems. As of the beginning of FY 77. the Coso Geothermal Site is under active exploration and development with research funding from ERDA. The objectives of these eight ARPA funded research projects have been accomplished. GRA N77-24627# Office of Naval Research. London (England). INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON WIND ENERGY SYSTEMS Robert H. Nunn 7 Dec. 1976 28 p Conf. held at Cambridge. Engl.. 7-9 Sep. 1976 (AD-A034871; ONRY-C-31-76) Avail: NTIS HC A03/MF A01 CSCL 10/1 Vertical- and horizontal-axis systems were discussed both in theory and in practice. Applications ranged from wind forms, each with hundreds of megawatt units, to the use of Cretan windmills to provide water for cattle. Wind energy conversion units have been operated in several configurations and the theory of their performances is sufficiently advanced to allow design for fabrication. The trends are towards larger units for municipal power systems and smaller units for domestic use. In the former .case, the behavior of large wind turbines operating in large arrays, and the output (with and without storage) of several such arrays when geographically dispersed, has yet to be well understood. The field has reached a level of maturity characterized by such factors as economics, environmental impact, and public accept- ance. ' GRA N77-24628# Boston Univ., Mass. Dept. of Chemistry. PHOTOCHEMICAL CONVERSION OF SOLAR ENERGY Semiannual Progress Report. 1 Jan. - 30 Jun. 1976 Norman N. Lichtin 28 Oct. 1976 31 p refs (Grant NSF AER-72-03579-A05) (PB-262450/0; NSF/RA-760354; NSF/RANN/SE/AER72-03579/A05-76) Avail: NTIS HC A03/MF A01 CSCL 07E The dependence of the composition and kinetics of decay of the photostationary state of acidic iron-TH( + ) solutions on solvent anions and initial concentrations of solutes has been measured and correlated with rates of elementary reactions. Sensitization increases the photostationary concentration of leucothiazine. . GRA < N77-24629# Federal Railroad Administration, Washington, D. C. Office of Research and Development. FUEL EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENT IN RAIL FREIGHT TRANSPORTATION: MULTIPLE UNIT THROTTLE CONTROL' TO CONSERVE FUEL Interim Report Marilynne E. Jacobs Dec: 1976 31 p (PB-262470/8; FRA/ORD-76-297) Avail:' NTIS .HCA02/MFA01 CSCL 13F From the results of the tests performed on the Kansas City Southern in regular freight service, significant fuel savings were realized by using a semi-automatic throttle control device or fuel saver system to take one or more units of the locomotive , consist off line when the available power and tractive effort exceeded the demand. This procedure effectively lowered the horsepower per ton ratio of the train and decreased the rate of fuel consumption. GRA N77-24630# North Carolina Univ.. Chapel Hill. Materials Research Center. FUEL CELLS AND SOLID ELECTROLYTES Final Report. 1 Jun. 1975 - 30 Sep. 1976 Thomas J. Meyer. Royce W. Murray. Sang-ll Choi, and Thomas L. Isenhour 30 Oct. 1976 142 p refs (Grant DAHC04-75-G-0144: ARPA Order 3005) (AD-A033782; ARO-13067.1-A-C) Avail: NTIS HC A07/MF A01 CSCL 07/4 This report recounts results on four diverse topics: (1) homogeneous catalysis of net electrochemical reactions as applied to fuel cells: (2) electrocatalysis: application of X-ray photoelec- tron spectroscopy to surface composition of electrode materials: (3) theoretical investigation of solid electrolytes: and (4) application .of machine decisions to failure analysis. Author (GRA) 366 N77-24665 N77-24631# Temple. Barker and Sloane. Inc.. Wellesley Hills, Mass. STUDY OF THE ELECTRIC UTILITY INDUSTRY DEMAND. COSTS. AND RATES Jul. 1976 402 p rsfs (Contract DI-14-01-0001-1899) (PB-262843/6: FEA/D-76/289) Avail: NTIS HC A18/MF A01 CSCL 05C Trends in the demand and costs for the electric utility industry are documented. The potential benefits of a shift to alternative rate structures that might help reshape the patterns of demand growth are examined. GRA N77-24632# American Univ.. Washington. D.C. RESEARCH ON ELECTROCHEMICAL ENERGY CONVER- SION SYSTEMS Final Technical Report. 1 Jul. 1975 - 30 Jun. 1976 . Alayne A. Adams and Robert T. Foley Jul. 1976 34 p refs (Contract DAAG53-76-C-0001; DA Proj. 1T1-61102-A-34A) (AD-A034454) Avail: NTIS HC A03/MF A01 CSCL 07/4. The project on electrochemical energy conversion system has involved two tasks: the determination of the electrochemical behavior of low molecular weight hydrocarbons and alcohols as well as other possible fuels in aqueous trifluoromethanesulfonic acid and the examination of the electro-chemical interaction of. fuel cell reactants with platinum surfaces in aqueous trifluoro- methanesulfonic acid. The order of reactivity for low molecular weight alkanes was determined to be C3H8 greater than C2H6 greater than n-C4H10 greater than CH4 in trifluoromethanesul- fonic acid monohydrate. The same reaction order had been established previously for low molecular weight alkanes in inorganic acids such as HF, H2S04. and H3P04. In the case of each alkane the electrochemical activity in the sulfonic acid was significantly greater than that in phosphoric acid under the same conditions. The electrooxidation of each alkane was evaluated over the temperature range from 95 C to 135 C. The experimental data collected during this reporting period confirm the previous finding that trifluoromethanesulfonic acid monohydrate represents an improved electrolyte for the hydrocarbon-air fuel cell. Author (GRA) N77-24633# National Academy of Sciences - National Research Council. Washington. D. C. Committee on Nuclear and Alternative Energy Systems. REPORT OF THE NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL COMMITTEE ON NUCLEAR AND ALTERNATIVE ENERGY SYSTEMS 21 Jan. 1977 60 p (Contract EX-76-C-10-3784) (PB-263595/1) Avail: NTIS HC A04/MF A01 CSCL 181 ^The nation's energy future was studied with special considera- tion of the role of nuclear power in the context of alternative energy systems. Appropriate roles of nuclear and alternative energy systems in the nation's energy future, with a focus on the period between 1985 and 2010, are described. Energy conserva- tion and demand, supply and delivery systems, risks and impacts of various delivery and end-use systems, and alternative future energy scenarios are considered. GRA N77-24635# Oklahoma Univ., Norman. Science and Public Policy Program. OUR ENERGY FUTURE: THE ROLE OF RESEARCH. DEVELOPMENT. AND'DEMONSTRATION IN REACHING A NATIONAL CONSENSUS ON ENERGY SUPPLY Don E. Kash. Michael D. Devine, James B. Freim. Martha W. Gilliland, and Robert W. Rycroft 1976 509 p refs (Grant NSF SIA-74-17866) (PB-263761/9: NSF/RA-760158) Avail: NTIS HC A22/MF A01 CSCL 10A The role of research, development, and demonstration (RD and D) in increasing the supply of energy from the domestic resources of the United States is analyzed. Part 1 describes the context of the study—the nature of the problem, the research team's conception of RD and D, and the institutions that conduct and use RD and D. Part 2 delineates constraints on increased energy supplies from domestic resources and identifies five-year RD and D efforts that can contibute to resolving those constraints. Part 3 present recommendations for priority RD and D funding and procedures for assuring that the RD and D efforts contribute as much as possible to removing the constraints on supply. GRA N77-24636# Bureau of Mines. Washington, D.C. Div. of Interfuels Studies. FUELS AND ENERGY DATA: UNITED STATES BY STATES AND CENSUS DIVISIONS. 1973 Lulie H. Crump Dec. 1976 121 p refs (PB-262362/7; BM-IC-8722) Avail: NTIS HC A06/MF A01 CSCL 21D Salient information on reserves, production, and consumption of fuels and energy by State is summarized. Reserve and production data are shown for each of the fossil fuels (coal, crude oil, natural gas liquids, and natural gas) and for uranium. The consumption data of each of the major consuming sectors (household-commercial, industrial, transportation, electric power, and miscellaneous) are broken down by energy source (coal, petroleum, natural gas, hydropower, and nuclear). In addition, total energy consumption in the Nation in 1973 is compared with consumption in 1972 and 1974. . G R A ' N77-24643# Argonne National Lab., III. ATMOSPHERIC IMPACTS OF EVAPORATIVE COOLING SYSTEMS J. E. Carson Oct. 1976 48 p refs (Contract W-31-109-eng-38) (ANL/ES-53) Avail: NTIS HC A03/MF A01 Known effects of various power plant cooling systems on the atmosphere are reviewed. Evaporative cooling systems create (at least for heat release rates comparable to those of two unit nuclear generating stations) atmospheric changes. For an isolated site such as required for a nuclear power plant, these changes are rather small and local, and usually environmentally acceptable. However, these effects 'may not remain small as the number of reactors on a given site increases. A critical heat load for a specific site must exist which, if exceeded, can create its own weather patterns, possibly .even rain, snow, severe thunder- storms, and tornadoes. Field data are required for the development of mathematical models which can be used to forecast the extent and frequency of the atmospheric effects of a particular heat dissipation system at a particular site ERA N77-24634# General Electric Co., Santa Barbara. Calif. Center for Advanced Studies. ROLE OF THE HEAT STORAGE WELL FUTURE U.S. ENERGY SYSTEMS Charles F. Meyer, Walter Hausz, Bonnie L. Ayres, and Helen M. Ingram Sep. 1976 188 p refs (Contracts DI-14-31-0001-4210: DI-14-31-p001-5223) (PB-263480/6: GE76TMP-27: W77-04145; OWRT-C-5205(4210)(5)| Avail: NTIS HC A09/MF A01 CSCL 10A Energy to be conserved is principally that now wasted in generating electricity and in burning fossil fuels for space heating. Results of a study of technical, economic, institutional, environ- mental, and legal aspects of implementation are reported. GRA. N77-24665# Monsanto Research Corp.. Dayton. Ohio. Dayton Lab. PCB EMISSIONS FROM STATIONARY SOURCES: A THEORETICAL STUDY Final Report Herman Knieriem. Jr. Oct. 1976 43 p refs (Contract EPA-68-02-1320) (PB-262850/1: MRC-DA-577: EPA-600/7-76-028) Avail: NTIS HC A03/MF A01 CSCL 07A The theoretical assessment concluded that: (1) PCB (polychlor- inated biphenyl) emissions are more likely from higher-chlorine content coal or residual oil combustion- than from refined oil or natural gas: (2) PCB isomers with four or more chlorine atoms per molecule are more of an environmental hazard than those with three or less: (3) the probability of forming PCB isomers 367 N77-24667 with four or more atoms of chlorine per molecule during combustion is restricted by the short residence times and low concentrations of chlorine available in many fossil fuels: (4) the amount of PCS emissions, if any, may be related to polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon emissions: (5) based on the above, inefficient combustion control is more likely to produce PCS emissions than optimum conditions: and (6) the highest priority for field sampling and analysis of PCB from combustion sources should be for small- and medium-sized, hand- and underfeed- stoked coal furnaces. ' GRA N77-24667# Applied Urbanetics. Inc.. Washington. D.C. VAPOR RECOVERY ANALYSIS 28 Nov. 1976 158 p refs (Contract FEA-CO-06-60435) (PB-262846/9; FEA/H-77/030) Avail: NT!S HC A08/MF A01 CSCL 05C Vapor recovery system (VRS) regulations affecting the retail service station establishments are developed in two stages: Stage 1 VRS refers to the capture of hydrocarbon vapors displaced from underground tanks at the time of bulk product delivery and Stage 2 VRS refers to the capture of vapors displaced from automobile tanks at the time of refueling. Attention is focused primarily on Stage 2 VRS, but a brief discussion of Stage 1 VRS is given. GRA N77-24671# Research Corp. of New England. Wethersfield, Conn. Environmental Technology Div. DEVELOPMENT OF PROCEDURES FOR THE MEASURE- MENT OF FUGITIVE EMISSIONS Final Report. Jul. 1974 - Jun. 1975 P. W. Kalika. R. E. Kenson, and P. T. Bartlett Dec. 1976 134 p refs (Contract EPA-68-02-1815) (PB-263992/0: EPA-600/2-76-284) Avail: NTIS HC A07/MF A01 CSCL 13B The development included: identification of the sources of fugitive emissions, evaluation of sampling strategies, preparation of field test procedures, field evaluation of one fugitive emissions field test procedure, and issuance of technical manuals for each sampling strategy. Eighteen industries/processes which might have potentially significant fugitive emissions were identified, selected from all the industries/processes studied and based on the potential of their fugitive emissions to be hazardous and to have high fugitive emissions rates. The eighteen industries/ processes were grouped by category metallurgical processing, energy/fuels processing, chemical products, rock products, and agricultural operations. GRA N77-24672# Olson Labs.. Inc.. Anaheim. Calif. EFFECT OF AUTOMOTIVE PARTS ON VEHICLE AND ENGINE EMISSIONS. PHASE 1: ORIGINAL EQUIPMENT Final Report Richard R. Carlson Dec. 1976 260 p refs (Contract EPA-68-01-1957) (PB-264057/1; EPA-340/2-76-001) Avail: NTIS HC A12/MF A01 CSCL 13B The primary objective of this study was to identify engine and emission control system components which are critical in causing excessive emissions of one or more regulated pollutants. The emission criticality of original equipment installed by the engine or vehicle manufacturers was investigated. A computer model was developed to calculate and rank order an index representing the criticality of each component type. Separate rankings were developed for HC. CO. NOx and smoke (heavy duty diesel engines) emissions and for vehicles equipped with catalysts and those without. The index for each component type was calculated from the product of four factors representing the emission increase resulting from a component failure, the probability of component failure, the probability of component repair, and the sales volume of the component. GRA N77-24673# Clemson Univ.. S.C. Water Resources Research Inst. EFFECTS OF THERMAL POLLUTION ON CERTAIN AQUAT- IC INVERTEBRATES Final Report Averett S. Tombes and Byron R. Ingram Aug. 1976 66 p refs (Contracts DI-14-31-001-3541; DI-14-34-0001-6042) (PB-263488/9: WRRI-65: W77-04144: OWRT-A-027-SCI2)) Avail: NTIS HC A04/MF A01 CSCL13B Ecological and ultrastructural data are presented on selected macroinvertebrates from Lake Keowee which receives heated effluent from three nuclear reactors. The ecological data -show the effects of depth, station, location and season on density, diversity and taxonomic composition of the collected benthos. Abundance and diversity of invertebrates were lower at the discharge canal and its surrounding areas than in the intake canal and control areas. Composition of the substrate and temperature of the environment have decided influences on the fauna of this relatively young lake. The. subtle biological effects of a temperature change, were determined by examining ultrastructurally the nerve cells of. the frontal ganglion in Chaoborus punctipennis. GRA N77-24674# Institute of Gas Technology. Chicago. III. SURVEY OF EMISSIONS CONTROL AND COMBUSTION EQUIPMENT DATA IN INDUSTRIAL PROCESS HEATING Final Report, Jun. 1974 - Nov. 1975 Peter A. Ketels. John D Nesbitt. and R. Don Oberle Oct. 1976 134 p refs (Contract EPA-68-02-1821) (PB-263453/3: EPA-600/7-76-022) Avail: NTIS HC A07/MF A01 CSCL 138 The interactions between present and potential energy conservation measures and emission programs in various industries were investigated. Where energy conservation goals conflicted with emission control goals, the problems were assessed. .Based on these assessments, research and development programs.were recommended to solve each industry's problems. The study was limited both to processes in which heat was obtained through the direct combustion of fossil fuels, and to emissions that are 'affected by combustion itself. GRA N77-24709# Ohio State Univ. Research Foundation. Columbus. Inst. of Polar Studies. ' A FRAMEWORK FOR ASSESSING ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF POSSIBLE ANTARCTIC MINERAL DEVELOP- . ME NT. PART 1 Final Report David H. Elliot Jan. 1977 175 p refs (Contract DOS-1753-600100) . - (PB-262750/3: IPS-M-119-Pt-D ' Avail: NTIS HC A08/MF A01 CSCL 081 v The physical environment of Antarctica is described. Hypothet- ical resources were considered to develop an environmental assessment. Unavoidable impacts on the on-shore and off-shore environments resulting from exploration and exploitation are identified and discussed. Alternatives and special provisions are discussed and recommendations presented. GRA N77-24711# Harza Engineering Co.. Chicago. III. COMPREHENSIVE GROUND CONTROL STUDY OF A MECHANIZED LONGWALL OPERATION. VOLUME 2: SPECIAL REPORTS. 1: PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF COAL AND COAL MEASURE ROCKS. 2: BEARING CAPACITY OF ROOF AND FLOOR ROCKS. 3: RESPONSE OF BOREHOLE PRESSURE CELLS. 4: INSTALLATION OF SUBSURFACE INSTRUMENTATION Final Report 30 Jan. 1976 270 p (Contract DI-BM-H0230012I (PB-262476/5: BM-OFR-5-77-Vol-2) Avail: NTIS HC A12/MF A01 CSCL 081 Strata control measurements on an operating longwall are described from which engineering design values for structural parameters such as convergence in the face area and support 368 N77-25011 load density, as function of the rate of mining and the strata properties can be extracted. Volume 11 contains four special reports: physical properties of coal and coal measure rocks, bearing capacity of roof and floor rocks, response of borehole pressure cells, and installation of subsurface instrumentation. GRA N77-24714# Systems Control. Inc.. Palo Alto. Calif. THE ANALYSIS OF SUBSIDENCE ASSOCIATED WITH GEOTHERMAL DEVELOPMENT. VOLUME 1: HAND- BOOK R. W. Atherton. E. J. Finnemore. and M. L. Gilliam Sep. 1976 287 p refs 3 Vol. (Grant NSF AER-75-17298) (PB-263692/6; NSF/RA-760414-Vol-1) Avail: NTIS HC A13/MF A01 CSCL 08! The state of knowledge of subsidence associated with geothermal development is evaluated and preliminary methods to assess the potential of land subsidence for any specific geothermal site are provided. The results are presented in three volumes. Volume 1 is designed to serve as a concise reference, a handbook, for the evaluation of the potential for land subsidence from the development of geothermal resources. GRA N77-24716# Systems Control, Inc.. Palo Alto. Calif. THE ANALYSIS OF SUBSIDENCE ASSOCIATED WITH GEOTHERMAL DEVELOPMENT. VOLUME 2: RESEARCH REPORT R. W. Atherton. E. J. Finnemore, and M. L. Gilliam Sep. 1976 668 p refs 3 Vol. (Grant NSF AER-75-17298) (PB-263693/4; NSF/RA-760415-Vol-2) Avail: NTIS HC A99/MF A01 CSCL 081 A'compendium of .'research results on subsidence and geothermal energy is provided as well as backup information to the subsidence, handbook. Topics treated included; (1) the fundamentals of geothermics; (2) the geology and physical processes of subsidence: (3) a survey of subsidence and reservoir models: (4) and methods'for evaluating subsidence potential via analogy or analysis methods. . . •'' GRA N77-24716# Systems Control. Inc.. Palo Alto, Calif.' THE ANALYSIS OF SUBSIDENCE ASSOCIATED WITH GEOTHERMAL DEVELOPMENT. VOLUME 3: INFORMA- TION BANK M. L. Gilliam, B. E. Kenks. and R. W. Atherton Sep. 1976 185 p refs 3 Vol. (Grant NSF AER-75-17298) . (PB-263694/2; NSF/RA-760416-Vol-3) Avail: NTIS HC A09/MF A01 CSCL 08! The following are included: (Da glossary of specialized terms as they are used in geothermal subsidence and directly related topic areas: (2) a listing of institutions and.organizations possessing specialized collections of documents related to geothermal subsidence; (3) a keyword index of the documents obtained: and (4) an alphabetical listing of more than 1000 documents collected and catalogued during the study. GRA N77-24729# Brookhaven National Lab.. Upton, N.Y. FUTURE OIL SUPPLY TO THE NORTHEAST UNITED STATES H. Bronheim Jun. 1976 87 p refs (Contract E(30-1)-16) ' (BNL-50557) Avail: NTIS HC A05/MF A01 Under various assumptions of total U.S. reserves of oil (discovered and undiscovered) coupled to alternate schedules of national resource development, projections of crude oil production were made for the years 1985 and 2000. The projections indicate that even under optimistic conditions crude oil production will be declining in the post-1985 period, if not earlier. The scenarios consistently indicate that the Northeast's regional share will be heavily constrained by' 1985, and rapidly declining thereafter. ERA N77-24997# Brookhaven National Lab.. Upton. N.Y. STUDY TO ASSESS THE APPLICATION OF SHADOW PRICING TECHNIQUES TO NATIONAL ENERGY RESOURCE PLANNING Final Report. Year 1 Jun. 1976 158 p refs (Contract EI30-D-16; Grant NSF SIA-74-02555-01) (BNL-50537) Avail: NTIS HC A08/MF A01 The dynamic energy system optimization model analyzes optimal allocation of exhaustible energy resources over time. It is a multi-period representation of the nation's energy supply and utilization system that incorporates cost and time elements associated with new capital facilities, the discount rate, internal selection of new energy technologies, and internal determination of primary energy resource allocation over time. Applications of a single-period energy model demonstrate obtaining first estimates benefit/cost ratios for federal R and D investment in the high-Btu coal-gasification technology, and evaluating the economic impact of a sulfur dioxide emission constraint in certain end uses. ERA N77-24998# Brookhaven National Lab.. Upton, N.Y. Economic Analysis Div. •= ECONOMY-WIDE IMPACTS OF INTERFUEL SUBSTITU- TION: SUBSTITUTION OF ELECTRICITY FOR IMPORTED OIL R. G. Tessmer, Jr. and J. Lukachinski Jun. 1976 63 p refs (Contract E(30-1)-16) (BNL-50538) Avail: NTIS HC A04/MF A01 An energy input-output model is applied to analysis of the long-run effects (to 1985) of higher oil prices in the U.S. economy. Aspects investigated are the effects of sustained, higher international oil prices, and the effects of substituting domestic- coal-produced electricity for high-priced foreign oil. Variables examined include capital investment, personal consumption expenditures, exports and imports, labor force, and energy production. • ERA N77-24999# Brookhaven National Lab., Upton, N.Y. Economic Analysis Div. EFFECTS OF ALTERNATIVE OIL STOCKPILING PROGRAMS ON THE US ECONOMY. 1976-1979 Final Results R. G. Tessmer, Jr. and D. J. Behling; Jr. Jun. 1976 48 p. refs (Contract E(30-1)-16) (BNL-50541) Avail: NTIS HC A03/MF A01 Application of Brookhaven's energy input-output model is demonstrated by analyzing economy-wide effects of an oil stockpile program. The model is used to estimate the 1976-79 inter-industry output, employment, capital, and energy substitution effects of 730- and 4.380-barrel stockpiles. Two policy variables (the type of stockpile facility and the method of financing) and one assumption (balance of payments effects) are examined ERA N77-25010# Los Alamos Scientific Lab.. N. Mex. SUMMARY DESCRIPTION OF THE BOOM1 MODEL A. Ford Jun. 1976' 14 p refs (Contract W-7405-eng-36) (LA-6424-MS) Avail: NTIS HC A02/MF A01 The principal features of a computer program modeling boom town impacts are described. Model outputs include population, permanent and mobile homes, public facilities and municipal debt, local property tax rate and state transfer payments, construction work force, construction productivity, and retail and services facilities. The model can be used to simulate the behavior of these variables over a time span covering the pre-boom, construction, operation, and retirement phases of an energy project. The model runs may be interrupted in any year to simulate the effectiveness of assistance measures that have been proposed by national, state, local, and energy company officials. ERA N77-25011# Aerospace Corp., Germantown, Md. ENERGY RECOVERY FROM MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE. AN ENVIRONMENTAL AND SAFETY MINI-OVERVIEW SURVEY 369 N77-25014 R. L.Johnson Jun. 1976 181 p refs (Contract E(04-3)-1101) (ATR-76175181-7) Avail: NTIS HC A09/MF A01 The environmental and safety aspects of processing municipal solid wastes to recover energy and materials are reviewed in some detail. The state of the art in energy recovery, energy potential for the near and long-term, and constraints to commercialization are discussed. Under the environmental and safety aspects the state of the art. need for research and development, and need for coordination among federal agencies and private industry are considered. Eleven principal types of refuse-to-energy processes are described, and a projected energy balance is. derived for each process. ERA N77-25014# Pennsylvania Univ.. Philadelphia. Wharton School of Finance and Commerce. IMPACT OF A SUBURBAN RAPID TRANSIT LINE OF FUEL CONSUMPTION AND COST FOR THE JOURNEY TO WORK ANALYSIS OF THE PHILADELPHIA LINDENWOLD HIGH- SPEED LINE Final Report David E. Boyce. Khanh Nguyen. Thierry Noyelle. and Kent Webb Dec. 1975 74 p refs (Contract DI-14-01-0001-1700) (PB-263048/1: FEA/D-77/023) Avail: NTIS HC A04/MF A01 CSCL 13B Two analyses of the Philadelphia-Lindenwold High-Speed Line are presented which are potentially useful for evaluating the potential of similar transit systems for conserving energy. First, the electrical energy consumption, fuel consumption and fuel cost per passenger-mile and car-mile are estimated from operating data, and compared with estimates for auto and bus modes. Second, these estimates are applied to the 1970 census journey-to-work data to estimate person-miles of travel, fuel consumption and fuel cost by mode, origin and destination for an actual commuting situation. GRA N77-25018# Transportation Research Board. Washington. D.'C. TRANSPORTATION PROGRAMMING. ECONOMIC ANALY- SIS. AND EVALUATION OF ENERGY CONSTRAINTS Greig W. Harvey. Elizabeth A. Deakin. Ronald R. Knox. Theodore K. Martin, and William J. Yuskus 1976 74 p refs (PB-262878/2; TRB/TRR-599: ISBN-0-309-02568-0) Avail: NTIS HC A04/MF A01 CSCL 13B State and local roles in transportation control planning, programming highway improvements in new funding environment, highway investment analysis package, improving the process of programming transportation investments, and gasoline consump- tion in urban traffic are analyzed. Energy analysis for urban transportation systems, a use of dis-aggregate travel demand models to analyze car pooling policy incentives, new technique for evaluating urban traffic energy consumption and emissions, and energy conservation potential of urban public transit were calculated. GRA N77-25021# Lehigh Univ.. Bethlehem. Pa. Div. of Urban Studies. DESIGN OF MUNICIPAL SERVICES IN SUPPORT OF HIGH RISE OFFICE BUILDINGS Leonard I. Ruchelman and Charles N. Brownstein May 1975 428 p refs (PB-262532/5: NSF/RA/S-75-101) Avail: NTIS HC A19/MF A01 CSCL 13B Transporting large numbers of people in and out of high density districts, meeting the growing demand for sewage, water and energy services, assuring the visual and functional compatibil- ity of large structures with the environment, and delivering effective police and fire protection were examined in cities where extensive tall building development is manifest. Focusing on two highrise office building projects in New York City-the Pan Am Building and the World Trade Center--how the decision-making contributes or fails to contribute to environmental concerns is discussed. ; GRA N77-25027# Research Triangle Inst.. Research Triangle Park. N. C. RANN UTILIZATION EXPERIENCE (CASE STUDIES 32 THROUGH 41) Final Report T. M. Burger and M. F. Massoglia Nov. 1976 328 p refs 2 Vol. (Contract NSF C-76-17165) (PB-263683/5; NSF/RA-760413) Avail. NTIS HC A15/MF A01 CSCL 05B . Ten Research Applied to National Needs (RANN) projects are reported. Subject areas include: (1) creating and evaluating an experimental industry-university furniture R and D applications institute: (2) innovation centers: (3) the less cash/less check society: an indepth technology assessment; (4) urban technology system: (5) energy absorption characteristics of structural systems subjected to earthquakes excitation: (6) metromex: (7) the Texas Energy Advisory Council; (8) tertiary oil recovery; (9) assessment of a new textile technology: and (10) automated bending system for the fabrication of ship frames. GRA N77-25086*# National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Langley Research Center, Langley Station, Va. STATIC AND WIND-ON TESTS OF AN UPPER-SURFACE- BLOWN JET-FLAP NOZZLE ARRANGEMENT FOR USE ON THE QUIET CLEAN SHORT-HAUL EXPERIMENTAL ENGINE (QCSEE) Arthur E. Phelps, III Jun. 1977 44 p refs (Da Proj. 1L1-61102-AH-45) (NASA-TN-D-8476: L-11421) .Avail: NTIS HC A03/MF A01 CSCL 01A The internal aerodynamic performance, the static turning characteristics, and the forward-speed characteristics of two 1/12-scale upper surface-blown jet-flap exhaust-nozzle arrange- ments designed for use on the Quiet Clean Short-Haul Experimen- tal Engine (QCSEE) were investigated. The nozzles were equipped with interchangeable area-control side doors in the aft sidewalls of the nozzle so that the effective nozzle area could be varied over a wide range. A simulated wing was used to evaluate installation losses for the nozzles. A smoothly curved flap was attached to the trailing edge of the simulated wing to allow an evaluation of the static turning characteristics of the nozzle arrangement. Forward-speed effects on the jet turning characteris- tics of the QCSEE' nozzles were evaluated by mounting a single engine on a semispan wing designed to be representative of a four-engine STOL transport configuration. Author N77-25280# Midwest Research Inst., Kansas City. Mo. COMPREHENSIVE REPORT AND INVESTIGATION ON HELIUM USES Final Report, period ending 31 Jan. 1977 31 Jan. 1977 147 p refs (Contract DI-14-09-0060-5152) ,(PB-263515/9: BM-OFR-25-77) Avail: NTIS .HC A07/MF A01 CSCL 07B Sales of helium in 1975 were found to be 601 million cubic feet (MMcf) compared with 907 MMcf for 1976. The use categories for helium remained the same, although there was a rearrangement of the percentage used in each of 12 use categories. Cryogenic applications accounted for almost 35 percent of the total volume used followed by pressurizing and welding at 16 percent each. Synthetic breathing mixtures was the fourth highest use category accounting for 9 percent. The study forecasts that the total volume of helium to be used in the United States in 1977 will increase to 710 MMcf. 957 MMcf by 1985. and 1.315 MMcf by the year 2000. GRA N77-25345*# National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Lewis Research Center. Cleveland. .Ohio. THERMAL STABILITY OF SOME AIRCRAFT TURBINE FUELS DERIVED FROM OIL SHALE AND COAL Thaine W. Reynolds Washington Jun. 1977 33 p refs (NASA-TM-X-3551: E-9070) Avail: NTIS HC A03/MF A01 CSCL 21 D Thermal stability breakpoint temperatures are shown for 32 jet fuels prepared from oil shale and coal syncrudes by various degrees of hydrogenation. Low severity hydrotreated shale oils. 370 N77-25623 An assessment of the potential of active solar energy systems for buildings in California is summarized. The technology used for solar heating, cooling, and water heating in buildings is discussed. The ma\or_ California weather zones and the solar with nitrogen contents of 0.1 to 0.24 weight percSntT had breakpoint temperatures in the 477 to 505'K (400 to 450 F) range. Higher severity treatment, lowering nitrogen levels to 0.008 to 0.017 weight percent, resulted in breakpoint temperatures in' the 505 to 533 K (450 to 500 F) range. Coal derived fuels showed generally increasing breakpoint temperatures with increasing weight percent hydrogen, fuels below 13 weight percent hydrogen having breakpoints below 533 K (500 F). Comparisons are shown with similar literature data. Author N77-25447# Edgerton. Germeshausen and Grier. Inc.. Salem. Mass. Electronic Components Div. REPETITIVE SERIES INTERRUPTER II Triannual Report. 26 Jan. - 23 May 1976 David V. Turnquist Dec. 1976 16 p refs (Contract DAAB07-76-C-1301) (AD-A035267; ECOM-76-1 301 -1; Rept-1) Avail: NTIS HC A02/MF A01 CSCL 09/1 The objective of the effort is to obtain an improved exploratory development model of the 15 kilovolts series interrupter. Designs of experimental devices, based on hydrogen thyratron techniques, are described. A test circuit has been constructed, and the test results obtained to date are discussed. GRA N77-25485 British Library Lending Div., Boston Spa (England). DETERMINATION OF LOW ACTIVITIES OF URa SERIES ELEMENTS BY A LIQUID-SCINTILLATION SPECTROME- TER H. Prochazka and R. Jilek Aug. 1976 9 p refs Transl. into ENGLISH from Jaderna Energie (Prague), v. 17, no. 4, 1971 p 117-120 . . (BLL-SMRE-Trans-6562-(8313.4)) Avail: British Library Lending Div.. Boston Spa. Engl. The use of a liquid scintillation spectrometer for the determination of naturally occurring uranium, radium, lead, and polonium in aqueous solutions and in biological materials is described. The method of simple preparation of the samples is presented as a practical example of the quantitative and qualitative evaluation of the results of measurements and generally valid principles of analysis. The method is suitable both for the investigation of the pollution of waste waters and for establishing the activity of the ash of biological tissues. Author N77-25551# Battelle Columbus Labs.. Ohio. EVALUATION OF METHODS FOR MEASURING AND CONTROLLING HYDROCARBON EMISSIONS FROM PETROLEUM STORAGE TANKS Final Report D. A. Ball, A. A. Putnam, and R. G. Luce Nov. 1976 100 p refs (Contract EPA-68-01-3159) ' (PB-262789/1: EPA-450/3-76-036) Avail: NTIS HC A05/MF A01 CSCL 13B The API (American Petroleum Institute) emissions test procedures were found to be technically sound although they require extensive test times to obtain significant results. Little, change was seen to increase accuracy or reduce the test time of these procedures. Several new test procedures were analyzed and one was felt to have promise of achieving accurate emissions results in substantially reduced test times. ' GRA N77-25612*# Jet Propulsion Lab.. Calif. Inst. of Tech., Pasadena. PROGRAM DEFINITION FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF GEOTHERMAL ENERGY. VOLUME 1: BACKGROUND AND PROGRAM DEFINITION SUMMARY 29 Aug. 1975 59 p refs Sponsored in part by ERDA 3 Vol. .(Contract NAS7-100) (NASA-CR-15322; P8-263833/6; NSF/RA/N-75-338A-Vol-1; JPL-5040-6-Vol-1) Avail: NTIS HC A04/MF A01: also avail. in set of 3 reports HC E10. PB-263832-SET CSCL 08! Federal Government actions proposed to facilitate a significant acceleration in the commercial utilization of the nation's valuable geothermal energy resources, in an environmentally acceptable manner, are reported. The utilization level that might be achieved by 1985 and beyond, as a result of an effective Federal Government program to facilitate industrial development of geothermal energy, is projected. Existing barriers to that development are discussed, and the three basic steps to development are presented. Development strategy adopted and detailed requirements for growth are included. GRA N77-26613*# Jet Propulsion Lab., Calif. Inst. of Tech., Pasadena. PROGRAM DEFINITION FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF GEOTHERMAL ENERGY. VOLUME 2: PROGRAM DEFINITION DEVELOPMENT RATIONALE AND SUBPRO- GRAM DESCRIPTIONS 29 Aug. 1975 250 p refs Sponsored in part by ERDA 3 Vol. (Contract NAS7-100) (NASA-CR-153222; PB-263834/4; NSF/RA/N-75-338B-Vol-2; JPL-5040-6-Vpl-2) Avail: NTIS HC A11/MF A01; also avail, in set of 3 reports HC E10. PB-263832-SET CSCL 081 The objectives and the goal of the program are defined, end the expected sequence for commercialization of various resource types is presented. Needed technology demonstrations are outlined, and the major problems associated with obtaining rapid growth in utilization of these resources are identified. The scope of actions readily available to the government are specified. Basic strategy for program development as an effort to get the private sector moving, and to sustain it until it gathers sufficient momentum to become self-sustaining is outlined. The overall subprogram descriptions and the detailed rationale for each of the recommended actions is provided. Author N77-26614*# Jet Propulsion Lab., Calif. Inst. of Tech., Pasadena. PROGRAM DEFINITION FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF GEOTHERMAL ENERGY. VOLUME 3: APPENDIXES 29 Aug. 1975 411 p Sponsored in part by ERDA 3-Vol.' • (Contract NAS7-100) (NASA-CR-153223; PB-263835/1: NSF/RA/N-75-338C-VoH3-App; JPL-5040-6-Vol-3) Avail: NTIS HC A18/MF A01; also avail, in set of 3 reports HC E10, PB-263832-SET CSCL 08! The following appendixes are provided; Implications of the 1985 Goal and Updated Sensitivity Analysis; Geothermal Development Timelines: Leasing and Exploration; Research and Development; Electric Utilities: Nonelectric Geothermal Market; Geopressured Resource Research and Development; Community Planning; Summary of ERDA Patent Policy Relevant to Geothermal Energy: Factors Affecting the Development of Known Geothermal Prospects; Environmental Laws and Regulations: An Elementary Treatment of Economics of Geothermal Power Production; Conversion Cycle Analysis: Projection of Attainable Geothermal Energy Development and Use: and Geothermal Energy Re- search, Development, and Demonstration Act of 1974. GRA N77-25623# Utah Univ., Salt Lake City. Dept. of Geology and Geophysics. DIPOLE DIPOLE RESISTIVITY SURVEYS. ROOSEVELT HOT SPRINGS KGRA. VOLUME 2 Final Report S. H. Ward and W. R. Sill Jun. 1976 52 p refs (Grant NSF GI-43741) (PB-264897/0; NSF/RA-760369) Avail: ' NTIS HC A04/MF A01 CSCL 08! Three different dipole spacings were used; 99 km of traverse line were surveyed with 100 m dipoles. 50 km with 300 m dipoles. and 44 km with 1 km dipoles. The resistivity surveys delineated regions of low resistivity associated with fracturing, brines, high temperatures, and clay alteration. The resistivity of rocks that are typical of hydrothermal environments is due to two main conduction mechanisms: electrolytic conduction and porosity of rocks. . . .GRA 371 N77-25625 N77-2562SJ Mathtech. Inc., Princeton. N. J. EVALUATION OF CURRENT SURFACE COAL MINING OVERBURDEN HANDLING TECHNIQUES AND RECLAMA- TION PRACTICES Final Report Frank Cook and William Kelly 24 Dec. 1976 320 p refs (Contract DI-BM-S0144081) (PB-264111/6. BM-OFR-28-77) Avail: NTIS HC A14/MF A01 CSCL 08! An evaluation of mining and reclamation practices at 159 randomly sampled surface coal mines in the United States was conducted. Operating procedures for dragline stripping of single and multiple seams, surface mining of lignite, multicut and multiseam haulback mining on steep slopes, mountaintop removal, and surface mining in swampy or deeply glaciated areas are discussed. Specific candidate research projects are noted. GRA N77-25631*# Lockheed Electronics Co., Houston. Tex. Systems and Services Div. PROGRAM DOCUMENT FOR ENERGY SYSTEMS OPTIMI- ZATION PROGRAM 2 (ESOP2). VOLUME 1: ENGINEERING MANUAL _ R. G. riamil and S: L Ferden Mar. 1977 53 p refs (Contract NAS9-15200) (NASA-CR-151422; LEC-9764-Vol-1) Avail: NTIS HC A04/MF A01 CSCL IOC The Energy Systems Optimization Program, which is used to provide analyses of Modular Integrated Utility Systems (MIUS), is discussed. Modifications to the input format to allow modular inputs in specified blocks of data are described. An optimization feature which enables the program to search automatically for the minimum value of one parameter while varying the value of other parameters is reported. New program option flags for prime mover analyses and solar energy for space heating and domestic hot water are also covered. Author N77-25632# Congressional Budget Office, Washington, D. C. ENERGY RESEARCH: ALTERNATIVE STRATEGIES FOR DEVELOPMENT OF NEW ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES AND THEIR IMPLICATIONS FOR THE FEDERAL BUDGET 15 Jul. 1976 78 p refs (Paper-10) Avail: SOD HC $1.25 Recognizing the important contribution that research can make to the solution of both short and long range energy problems. Congress has expanded and redirected Federal policies and programs in energy research, development, and demonstration (R.D.&D). It has directed the Energy Research and Development Administration (ERDA) to design a national energy research and development plan and a program for implementing it. Author N77-25634# California Univ.. Uvermore. Lawrence Livermore Lab. ENERGY AND RESOURCE PLANNING GROUP Annual Report. 1976 B. Rubin 13 Sep. 1976 33 p refs (Contract W-7405-eng-48) (UCRL-50029-76) Avail: NTIS HC A03/MF A01 The principal mission of the Energy and Resource Planning Group is to identify and evaluate the potential benefits of new energy technologies for the nation. The Stanford Research Institute Energy Model was used to help determine the effects of specific new energy technologies, and because the synthetic fuels produced by some of these new technologies will compete directly with domestic and imported oil and gas. the world crude oil supply and the projected costs of synthetic fuels were studied. The study on world oil supply indicates the possibility of a temporary price break in the early 1980s due to a rapid rise in free-world oil production, a currently constrained demand, and large expenditures by oil-exporting countries. Projected costs of synthetic liquid fuels were calculated on an equivalent accounting basis, at both production and delivery-pump levels. A number of modifications and additions were made to the SRI model for the studies. ERA N77-25635# Illinois Univ., Urbana. Center for Advanced Computation. ENERGY ANALYSIS HANDBOOK. CAC DOCUMENT 214 C. W. Bullard, P. S. Penner. and D. A. Pilati Oct. 1976 71 p refs (Contract EY-76-S-02-2865) (COO-2865-1: CAC-214) Avail: NTIS HC A04/MF A01 Methods are presented for calculating the energy required, directly and indirectly, to produce all types of goods and services. Procedures for combining process analysis with input-output analysis are described. This enables the analyst to focus data acquisition cost effectively, and to achieve a specified degree of accuracy in the results. The report presents sample calculations and provides the tables and charts needed to perform most energy cost calculations, including the cost of systems for producing or conserving energy. ERA N77-25636ft Kansas State Univ.. Manhattan. PERSPECTIVES IN ENERGY: 1976 J. K. Shultis 2 Aug. 1976 429 p refs (CES-17) Avail: NTIS HC A19/MF A01 A compilation of seventeen lectures based on presentations from summer workshops held at Kansas State University is given. Information is covered on the current status of the energy situation to alternate energy options. ERA N77-25638# Sandia Labs.. Albuquerque. N. Mex. ' MAGMA ENERGY RESEARCH PROJECT, VOLUME 2. NO. 2 J. Colp, ed., J. A. Mogford, ed., and L. S. Marcrum Aug. 1976 19 p Sponsored by ERDA (SAND-76-0264-Vol-2-No-2) Avail: NTIS HC A02/MF A01 The technological feasibility of extracting energy directly from deeply buried circulating magma sources is investigated. The project embodies the concept of a fully closed heat-exchange system inserted directly into a magma source to allow heat energy to be brought to the surface with minimal environmental impact. Accomplishments are briefly discussed for the four components of the project: source location and definition, source tapping, magma characterization and materials compatibility; and energy extraction studies. . , Author (ERA) N77-25639# Los Alamos Scientific Lab., N. Mex. LASL HOT DRY ROCK GEOTHERMAL PROJECT Progress Report. 1 Jul. 1975 - 30 Jun. 1976 A. G. Blair, comp., J. W. Tester, comp., and J. J. Mortensen. comp. Oct. 1976 238 p refs (Contract W-7405-eng-36) (LA-6525-PR) Avail: NTIS HCA11/MFA01 . Successful drilling into hard crystalline rock was accomplished to depths of about 3 km. Hydraulic fractures in the crystalline rock with radii as large as 150 m were produced. At least 90 to 95 percent of water injected into fractured regions was recovered. A connection was established between two deep boreholes through a fractured region of hot granite for the first time. Instruments were developed to operate for several hours under the downhole conditions. The compressional and shear components of seismic signals produced by fracture extension and inflation were detected downholes. Acoustic ranging generally identified the relative positions of two boreholes at several depths. Self-potential and induced potential techniques determined vertical fracture lengths at the borehole. Pressure-flow and fluid residence time distribution studies have measured properties of the downhole system. Core sample studies provided physical and chemical data. Techniques were developed to examine reservoir perform- ance. A geothermal power production model was formulated. Author (ERA) N77-2564O# Lockheed Missiles and Space Co.. Palo Alto. Calif. DEVELOPMENT OF PLASTIC HONEYCOMB FLAT-PLATE SOLAR COLLECTORS 372 N77-25660 K. N. Marshall. R. K. Wedel. and R. E. Dammann Apr. 1976 188 p refs (Contract £(04-31-1081) (SAN-1081-76/1; LMSC-D462879) Avail: NTIS HC A09/MF A01 An analytical and experimental program was conducted to develop high performance flat plate solar collectors for use in the temperature range of 355 to 395 K using thin-film transparent plastic honeycomb. Thermal analyses showed that the efficiencies of properly designed plastic honeycomb covered collectors were substantially higher than those of comparable non-honeycomb systems. Candidate plastics were selected, and hexagonal shaped honeycombs were fabricated using Lexan. Mylar. Tedlar, and Kapton. Various honeycomb aspect ratios (L/D) between 1 and 10 were studied to determine the optimum. Full scale honeycomb collectors were constructed and tested under ambient weather conditions to determine actual performance and confirm analytical predictions. ERA N77-25643# Maryland Univ.. College Park. Dept. of Mechanical Engineering. PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOLAR INDUSTRIAL PROCESS HEAT WORKSHOP William R. Cherry (ERDA. Washington; D.C.), William W. Auer (ERDA. Washington. D.C.). Redfield W. Allen, and Davinder K. Anand Aug. 1976 83 p Proc. held at College Park. Md.. 28-29 Jun. 1976 (Contract E(49-181-2324) . (CONF-760655) Avail: NTIS HC A05/MF A01 Demand information obtained from energy intensive industries in the Southwest has been utilized to size solar total energy systems, individual process heat, and electrical systems. Distributed and central receiver collection systems were investigated. For the example cited, although the central receiver is more efficient, preliminary costing exercises indicate that a distributed system is more economical. , ERA N77-25647# Kaman Sciences Corp., Colorado Springs; Colo. UNITED STATES SPECIAL FORMAT REPORT: REPORT OF THE PHOENIX CORPORATION. CITY OF COLORADO SPRINGS SOLAR HEATING PROJECT D. M. Jardine Jun. 1976 72 p refs, (SE-4578-76/1: WA/4578-76/1) .Avail: NTIS HC A04/MF A01 . ., ' The development of a solar assisted heat pump system and its operating characteristics is covered. The thermal energy storage subsystem is of prime importance to the operation of the system. The performance of the underground uninsulated steel tank containing water and using the ground as an additional thermal energy storage medium to act as a heat source and heat sink for the system is reported. The type and performance of the heat pump used is covered. The use of commercially .available heat transfer fluid in the collector and heat pump evaporator thermal energy transfer system to eliminate corrosion, electrolysis, boiling, and freezing within the system is presented. The system economic analysis covers the cost of backup and system operating energy as a large economic factor that must be recognized. Author (ERA) N77-25648# Arizona State Univ., Tempe. Coll. of Engineering and Applied Sciences. ENERGY IN PERSPECTIVE: AN ORIENTATION CONFER: ENCE FOR EDUCATORS John W. McKlveen. ed. 1976 422 p refs Proc. held at Tempe. Ariz., 7-11 Jun. 1976 (Contract £(11-11-2937) (CONF-760677) Avail: NTIS HC A18/MF A01 Papers on .all aspects of energy were presented at the conference by experts from throughout the United States. The tours to energy installations conducted during the conference and demonstration related to energy are cited. ERA N77-25653# Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique. Marseilles (France). Lab. d'Astronomie Spatiale. OPTICAL STUDY OF FIXED SPHERICAL SOLAR COLLEC- TORS B. Authier 1976 20 p refs In FRENCH; ENGLISH summary Submitted for publication (LAS-PRC-76-01) Avail: NTIS HC A02/MF A01 A geometrical optics study is presented which permits a graphical representation of the radiation incident along the sagital line. It is shown that the addition of the mobile mirror element (viser) considerably increases the intercepted radiation in tropical regions. ESA N77-25654jjf Missouri Univ., Columbia. Dept. of Electrical Engineering. DEVELOPMENT OF A NEW SILICON SCHOTTKY PHOTO- VOLTAIC ENERGY CONVERTER Final Report. 15 Jan. 1975 - 30 Jun. 1976 E. J. Charlson Aug. 1976 51 p refs (Contract NSF ENG-74-02918) (PB-262491/4; UMC-SSL-1) Avail: NTIS HC A04/MF A01 CSCL 10B An Al/P-type silicon MOS solar cell was investigated. The structure includes a controlled thickness interfacial oxide layer between the Al and the silicon. Electrical data from a large number of different fabrication techniques are given. A detector mode current multiplication was discovered and analyzed. Polycrystalline substrates were found to yield good solar cells with approximately one-half the conversion efficiency of single crystal cells. Included are TEM micrographs of the thin Jilm and semiconductor surfaces. Quantum efficiency measurements are also included. GRA N77-25655# Federal Energy Administration. Washington, D. C. Office of Energy Resource Development. TRENDS IN POWER PLANT CAPACITY AND UTILIZATION. INVENTORY OF POWER PLANTS IN THE UNITED STATES Dec. 1976 325 p (PB-264451/6;- FEA/G-77/100) -. Avaih NTIS HC A14/MF A01 CSCL 10B An inventory of existing and projected electricity generating power plants in the U.S. is presented. The data are assembled by state and standard federal region. It shows plant location by county, company owner, unit name, nameplate rating, type of unit, primary and alternate fuels where known, status (existing or projected), date completed or estimated to be complete, source of information, and last update of information. The projected plant section provides additional information on status of environmental impact statements, prime component delivery, permit problems, construction start date, and scheduled completion date. GRA N77-25660# Army Construction Engineering Research Lab.. Champaign, III. PREDICTING THE PERFORMANCE OF SOLAR ENERGY SYSTEMS Final Report D. C. Hittle, G. N. Walton, D. F. Holshouser, and D. J. Leverenz Jan. 1977 46 p refs (DA Proj. 4A7-63734-DT-08) (AD-A035608; CERL-IR-E-98)' Avail: NTIS HC A03/MF A01 CSCL 10/1 This report presents a method for making an energy and life cycle cost analysis of solar energy systems. A graphical method is presented for predicting the performance of solar domestic hot water systems, solar heating systems, and solar heating and cooling systems. Methods for selecting the optimum collector area based on life cycle cost and for systematically making detailed design calculations using the building loads analysis and system thermodynamics blast computer simulation program are also presented. Practical considerations for solar system designs are discussed. The methods presented provide the required accuracy for both initial evaluations and final design calculations. Examples are provided throughout the test to aid in using the methods described. GRA 373 N77-25661 N77-25661# Logistics Management Inst., Washington. D. C. PROJECT INDEPENDENCE EVALUATION SYSTEM (PIES) DOCUMENTATION. VOLUME 1: THE INTEGRATING MODEL OF THE PROJECT INDEPENDENCE EVALUATION SYSTEM ; Sep. 1976 438 p (Contract FEA-CR-03-60501-00) (PB-263020/0; FEA/N-76/411-Vol-1) Avail: NTIS HC.A19/MF A01 CSCL 10A The Project Independence Evaluation System (PIES) is a complex computer model developed by the FEA for its use in energy policy analyses. PIES represents the energy economy of the nation on an average day in selected target years-1980, 1985. or 1990. By varying the assumptions and data, the model is used to simulate the effect of differing energy policies or trends. The entire model is described in a general fashion as well as the specific implementation of different sectors of the supply portion of the model. The supply portion of the model contains fossil fuef supply activities, fuel conversion activities and transportation activities. GRA N77-25662# Maine Univ.. Orono. Dept. of Electrical Engineering. TERNARY COMPOUND THIN FILM SOLAR CELLS Final Report. 1 Jun. - 31 Aug. 1976 L. L. Kazme'rski Oct. 1976 58 p refs (Grant NSF AER-75-19576) (PB-262536/6; NSF/RA-760351) Avail: NTIS HC'A04/MF A01 CSCL 10B ' The materials under investigation are CulnS2, CulnSe2 and CulnTe2--and, both homojunctions and heterojunctions involving these chalcopyrite materials are under consideration. The primary development during the final quarter was concerned with the CdS/CulnSe2 heterojunction. A 'best' efficiency of 6.2% 'was achieved for this device. An Auger electron spectroscopy depth-compositional analysis of this device has indicated that the diffusion of Cd from the CdS layer into the CulnSe2 film is a possible degradation problem for this solar cell. The grain boundary diffusion coefficient of Cd (from CdS) into CulnSe2 was determined using the Hall-Morabito formalism. The produc- tion of CulnS2 homojunction and CulnS2/CdS heterojunction solar cells is also reported. GRA N77-25663# RCA Labs., Princeton, N. J. EPITAXIAL SILICON TECHNOLOGY FOR LOW-COST SOLAR CELLS Filial. Report. 1 May 1975 - 30 Apr. 1976 H. Kressel, R. DAiello, E. R Levin. P. M. Raccah (Yeshiva Univ.), F.-H. Pollack.(Yeshiva Univ.), S. H. McFarlane, and P. Robinson May 1976 97 .p . refs (Grant NSF AER-74-15532) (PB-262396/5: PRRL-76-CR-25: NSF /RANN/SE/AER74-15532 /PR-76 : NSF/RA-760355) Avail: NTIS HCA05/MFA01 CSCL 10B . . A method is demonstrated for improving solar cell devices by using thin epitaxial layers deposited on polycrystalline silicon ribbon.- The program encompasses analytical studies aimed at relating the defects to device performance, and the fabrication of solar cells on a comparative basis (diffusion vs. epitaxial growth on crystals of similar quality) to establish the improvement which is obtained. The program demonstrates substantially improved performance with approximately 50 micrometer-thick epitaxial layers compared with those made by direct diffusion. The difference in performance is analyzed in detail, to yield significant new insight into the factors controlling the solar cell efficiency when such devices are fabricated in large-grained polycrystalline silicon ribbon. GRA Jan. 1977 276 p refs (Contract FEA-C-04-50085-00) (PB-262576/2: FEA/D-77/025) Avail: NTIS HC A13/MF A01 CSCL 13A Boiler efficiency in the use of gas. oil, and coal was studied. Cost effective equipment additions and improvements, including heat-recovery devices and combustion controls are discussed. Maximum attainable efficiencies using current technologies without consideration for cost are also reported. GRA N77-2S666# Little (Arthur D.). Inc., Cambridge, Mass. A LOCATION MATRIX PLAN FOR THE RESIDENTIAL SOLAR HEATING AND COOLING DEMONSTRATION PROGRAM. VOLUME 2: PROCEDURES AND AP- PENDICES May 1976 292 p refs (Contract HUD-H-2350) (PB-262646/3: AOL-C-785384-Vol-2) Avail: NTIS HC A13/MF A01 CSCL 13A A detailed plan is provided for the experimental portion of the residential solar heating and cooling demonstration program to be conducted by HUD. The plan is designed to permit HUD. in a structured series of demonstration projects, to investigate the effect of building codes, zoning regulations, tax procedures, and other administrative activities on the practical use of solar energy for heating and cooling buildings and heating domestic water in various climate and geographic areas. Volume II explains the methodology used in developing the recommendations, the procedures followed in the selection of site locations, and describes some of the constraints identified in the study. GRA N77-25667# ICF. Inc., Washington. D.C. ELECTRIC UTILITY COAL CONSUMPTION AND GENERA- TION TRENDS, 1976-1985 Nov. 1976 49 p refs (Contract FEA-P-05-76-2660-0) (PB-262483/1; FEA/G-76/428) Avail. NTIS HC A03/MF A01 CSCL 108 In 1975. electric utilities accounted for roughly 400 million tons or 73% of total domestic coal consumption, a dramatic increase of 45% since 1955. For these and other reasons, well founded estimates of future coal consumption for electricity generation are becoming increasingly important to a number of interested parties including utility planners, coal producers, government policy makers and environmentalists. The annual reports of the nine Regional Electric' Reliability Councils to the Federal Power Commission on the status of their respective Bulk Power Supply Programs provide much of the basic data necessary for constructing such a detailed utility coal consumption forecast. This study updates last year's effort based on the regional councils' April 1, 1976 submissions.'Included are a reexamination of the future trends in generation requirements and capacities implicit in the councils' data and new forecasts of utility coal consumption under alternative electricity demand growth assumptions. GRA N77-25668# Federal Energy Administration. Washington. D. C. Office of the Administrator. FEDERAL ENERGY INFORMATION GATHERING ACTIVI- TIES: A REPORT TO THE PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES. AND THE ENERGY RESOURCES COUNCIL Dec. 1976 49 p (PB-262844/4: FEA/T-77/033) Avail: NTIS HC A03/MF A01 CSCL 10A Federal Energy Administration activities concerning energy information is reported. The present system of Federal energy data gathering activities is described, and recommendations with respect to the coordination of energy information activities within the Federal Government are provided. GRA N77-25665# KVB Engineering. Inc.. Tustin. Calif. ASSESSMENT OF THE POTENTIAL FOR ENERGY CONSER- VATION THROUGH IMPROVED INDUSTRIAL BOILER EFFICIENCY, VOLUME 1 Final Report N77-25669# Bureau of Mines, Pittsburgh. Pa. Eastern Field Operation Center. PROJECTS TO EXPAND FUEL SOURCES IN EASTERN STATES: SURVEY OF PLANNED OR PROPOSED COAL MINES, COAL AND NONCOAL CONVERSION PLANTS, ELECTRIC GENERATING PLANTS, OIL REFINERIES. 374 N77-25684 URANIUM ENRICHMENT FACILITIES. AND RELATED INFRASTRUCTURE, IN STATES EAST OF THE MISSISSIPPI RIVER (AS OF JUNE 1976) Dec. 1976 121 p refs (PB-262361/9: BM-IC-8725) Avail: NTIS HC A06/MF A01 CSCL 10A Tables listing the name, location, and other pertinent data concerning future fuel related projects are presented. The tables include information on projects involving the proposed or planned development of fuel resources, as well as the development of storage, transportation, and conversion facilities. The 26 states east of the Mississippi River are included. Of the total 592 projects for which information is provided, 492 concern coal mines and electric generating plants. GRA N77-25670# Booz-Allen and Hamilton, Inc.. Washington, D. C. THE EFFECTIVENESS OF SOLAR ENERGY INCENTIVES AT THE STATE AND LOCAL LEVEL Mar. 1976 95 p refs (Contract FEA-CO-05-50272-00) (PB-263371/7; FEA/G-77/046) Avail: NTIS HC A05/MF A01 CSCL 13A The Federal Energy Administration (FEA) is currently developing policies and programs to accelerate the utilization and widespread commercialization of solar energy technologies. Existing, proposed and possible state and local actions to encourage or stimulate the use of solar energy heating and cooling systems are reviewed. The state and local issues surrounding widespread solar energy development, and areas for assessment and evaluation, both in the design of state and local incentive programs and in the development of Federal support of those efforts, are emphasized. GRA N77-25672# Coast Guard Research and Development Center, Groton. Conn. LABORATORY EVALUATION OF SOLAR POWER UNITS FOR MARINE AIDS TO NAVIGATION Interim Report J. S. Ryba and David A. Naus Jun. 1976 80 p ref (AD-A034987; CGR/DC-5/76; USCG-D-106-76) Avail: NTIS HC A05/MF A01 CSCL 10/2 This report describes the Coast Guard evaluation of solar energy as a power source for lighted aids to navigation. Fifty-three solar powered aids, on test in a natural environment at Groton. Connecticut, have been continuously monitored for two years. Solar arrays from two manufacturers were tested with neither being wholly satisfactory. One had major quality control problems while the other suffered from inadequate sealing. Three types of lead-acid batteries used for energy storage have all been satisfactory to date. The test has indicated the advantages of voltage regulation in reducing water use in batteries, but has not proved that regulation is in fact required for long battery life. The insolation measured has shown excellent agreement with that predicted using the averages from a surrogate area. Almost all of the original estimates that were made to predict system performance (battery capacity vs. time of year) proved to be very conservative and most of the systems performed better than expected. Author (GRA) N77-25674# Natural Resources Defense Council, Inc., Palo Alto, Calif. CHOOSING AN ELECTRICAL ENERGY FUTURE FOR THE PACIFIC NORTHWEST: AN ALTERNATIVE SCENARIO Final Report Roger Beers and Terry R. Lash 31 Jan. 1977 187 p refs (PB-264048/0) Avail: NTIS HC A09/MF A01 CSCL 10A The scenario is based primarily upon an analysis of each major end use of electricity in all sectors of the Pacific Northwest. On this basis, it forecasts the improvements in the efficiency of energy use. which are likely without any change in current policies or programs, together with the greater efficiencies which could be achieved by new initiatives. GRA N77-25675# Army Electronics Labs.. Fort Monmouth. N. J. METHANOL-AIR BATTERIES John Perry, Jr. Jan. 1977 32 p refs (AD-A035942: ECOM-4457) Avail: NTIS HC A03/MF A01 CSCL 10/2 The methanol-air battery shows promise of meeting the operational requirements of low power equipment, such as sensors, mines, and similar equipments. While primarily designed to satisfy low level output requirements, the system is capable of supporting transient peak loads on a cyclical basis. Cells charged, with 120 ml of anolyte. consisting of 6 M methanol in 11 M KOH, have operated for 2.23O hours under cyclic load drains of 50 MA for 13 minutes and 2 A for 1 second. One cell operated for more than 8,000 hours with periodic refilling of fresh anolyte. demonstrating the long serviceable life of the electrode compo- nents. Fuel utilization efficiencies as high as 84 % have been obtained from cells charged with an anolyte solution of methanol in potassium hydroxide. Single cells charged with a fuel mixture of methanol and methyl formate in 5 M KOH operated satisfactorily under load at temperatures down to -40 C. with only a 30% decrease in voltage during the 2 A period of the cycle. GRf N77-25677# Battelle Columbus Labs.. Ohio Tactical Technology Center. A SUMMARY OF THE DARPA ENERGY AND MATERIALS SHORTAGES PROGRAMS, FISCAL YEARS 1972-1976 Final Report James 0. Frankosky. Charles Ravitsky. and Frank Milner Dec. 1976 199 p refs (Contract DAAH01-72-C-0982; ARPA Order 2209) } (AD-A036021: A-4825) Avail: NTIS HC A09/MF A01 CSCL 15/5 This report presents a summary of the several research efforts by DARPA during fiscal years 1972-1976 for investigations in the fields of energy and materials shortages. It is essentially a summary program completion report. It presents an overview, broken down into four major areas energy availability and national security considerations, alternate sources of energy at military installations, energy alternatives in propulsion, and potential materials shortages and their implications for national security. The overview is supported by the appendices, each addressing a separate area of investigation. Author (GRA) N77-25673# National Academy of Sciences - National Research Council, Washington, D. C. Committee on Atomic and Molecular Science. REPORT OF THE SUBCOMMITTEE ON ENERGY-RELATED ATOMIC AND MOLECULAR SCIENCE Report. Feb. - Oct. 1975 Charles K. Reed Sep. 1976 85 p refs (PB-264052/2: NSF/ERG-75-48) Avail: NTIS HC A05/MF A01 CSCL 10A The use of fundamental atomic and molecular physics in directed energy-related areas of research, including: fusion research, fission research, fossil fuel research, laser development, and gaseous electronics are explored. GRA N77-25684# Commerce Dept.. Washington, D.C. Office of Environmental Affairs. ENERGY REQUIREMENTS FOR AIR POLLUTION CONTROL IN THE PRIMARY ALUMINUM INDUSTRY Final Report, Sep. 1975 - Jan. 1977 Richard J. Herbst and Robert B. Grant Jan. 1977 96 p refs (PB-264483/9) Avail: NTIS HC A05/MF A01 CSCL 13B Environmental regulations and production processes in the primary aluminum industry which are most important in terms of the amounts of energy consumed for pollution control purposes are identified. The relationship between energy consumption and pollution control is quantified in a detailed and comprehensive manner which considers both direct (in-plant) and indirect (pre- and post-plant) effects. GRA 375 N77-25685 N77-25685# Battelle Pacific Northwest Labs.. Richland. Wash. MEASUREMENT OF DRY DEPOSITION OF FOSSIL FUEL PLANT POLLUTANTS Final Report. 24 Jun. 1974 - 24 Jun. 1976 J. G. Droppo. D. W. Glover. A. B. Abbey. C. W. Spicer. and J. Cooper Nov. 1976 135 p refs (Contract EPA-68-02-1747) (PB-264495/3; EPA-600/4-76-056) Avail: NTIS HC A07/MF A01 CSCL 13B Dry removal of air pollutants from fossil fuel plants is consicl- ' ered from both a modeling and measurement viewpoint. Literature on dry deposition rates is summarized and the processes involved in dry deposition are discussed. The dry deposition of S02. 03, NOx, and NO. as well as total sulfur and lead particles are considered. A prototype field data acquisition system was developed, assembled, and tested. Deposition velocities were computed for each field test. The sulfur dioxide profiles gave reasonable estimates of the dry deposition values, comparable to those in the literature. They varied from 0.10 to 2.38 cm/sec for the test runs. Values for the O3 deposition velocities were very small. The results for NO varied over a wide range, with the number of profiles measured in the test runs insufficient for reaching a definitive conclusion. GRA N77 25965# Princeton Univ.. N. J. Plasma Physics Lab. CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SIDE OF NUCLEAR FUSION POWER E. F. Johnson Oct. 1976 79 p refs (Contract E(11-1 (-3073) , . (PPPL-1303) Avail: NTIS HC A05/MF A01 It is widely recognized that chemical engineering has important roles to play in the development of national and world wide energy resources through optimal utilization of fossil fuel reserves. It is much less appreciated that there are crucial chemical engineering problems in the development of energy production, from other sources. In particular the successful development of nuclear fusion power generating systems will require the solution of many problems that are uniquely suited to chemical engineers. A brief overview of the fusion development program presents an identification of the major technological problems remaining to be solved. ERA N77-260O4# Coastal Environments. Inc.. Baton Rouge. La. A PROCESS FOR COASTAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT AND IMPACT ASSESSMENT Aug. 1976 130 p Sponsored in part by Louisiana State Planning Office(PB-264811/1: NQAA-77021609) Avail: NTIS HC A07/MF A01 CSCL 1 3B Although offshore development may introduce some specia- lized impacts, such as those resulting from pipelines, other impacts arise from general developments, such as housing, industry and drainage canals supporting offshore activities. A management and planning approach to assessing onshore impacts from offshore development is outlined. GRA of potential future paratransit activity. These estimates are presented in terms of passenger demand, subsidy requirements, and vehicle requirements. GRA N77-26107# Committee on Commerce (U. S. Senate). OVERSIGHT HEARINGS ON THE SST Washington GPO 1976 137 p refs Hearing before Comm. on Commerce. 94th Congr.. 2d Sess.. 20 Feb. 1976 (GPO-76-492) Avail: Comm. on Commerce The decision to allow the Concorde supersonic transport aircraft to fly to the United States is reviewed. Factors considered include noise, ozone depletion, and fuel conservation. Protection of the environment is emphasized. J.M.S. N77-26134*! Curtiss-Wright Corp.. Wood-Ridge. N.J. PERFORMANCE. EMISSIONS. AND PHYSICAL CHARAC- TERISTICS OF A ROTATING COMBUSTION AIRCRAFT ENGINE M. Berkowitz. W. L. Hermes, R. E. Mount, and D. Myers Dec. 1976 116 p refs (Contract NAS3-20030) (NASA-CR-135119. CW-WR-76-028.2) Avail: NTIS HC A06/MF A01 CSCL 21A .The RC2-75, a liquid cooled two chamber rotary combustion engine (Wankel type), designed for aircraft use, was tested and representative baseline (212 KW, 285 BHP) performance and emissions characteristics established. The testing included running fuel/air mixture control curves and varied ignition timing to permit selection of desirable and practical settings for running wide open throttle curves, propeller load curves, variable manifold pressure curves covering cruise conditions, and EPA cycle operating points. Performance and emissions data were recorded for all of the points run. In addition to the' test data, information required to characterize the engine and evaluate its performance in aircraft use is provided over a range from one half to twice its present power. The exhaust emissions results are compared to the 1980 EPA requirements. Standard day take-off brake specific fuel consumption is 356 g/KW-HR (.585 Ib/BHP-HR) for the configuration tested. Author N77-26222*# National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Lewis Research Center. Cleveland. Ohio. SOLAR ARRAY MAXIMUM POWER TRACKING WITH CLOSED-LOOP CONTROL OF A 30-CENTIMETER ION THRUSTER R. P. Gruber Mar. 1977 25 p refs (NASA-TM-X-73643; E-9148) Avail: NTIS HC A02/MF A01 CSCL 21C A new solar array/ion thruster system control concept has been developed and demonstrated. An ion thruster beam load is used to automatically and continuously operate an unregulated solar array at its maximum power point independent of variations in solar array voltage and current. Preliminary tests were run which verified that this method of control can be implemented with a few. physically small, signal level components dissipating less than two watts. Author N77-26028# Voorhees (Alan M.) and Associates. Inc., McLean, Va. STUDY OF FUTURE PARATRANSIT REQUIREMENTS Final Report Jan. 1977 278 p refs (PB-264082/9; UMTA-IT-06-0104-77-2) Avail: NTIS HC A13/MF A01 CSCL 138 • A range of paratransit service concepts in context with a set of typical urban settings under three alternative 1995 futures are examined. These alternative futures are described in terms of energy cost and degree of automobile disincentives. Inte- grated transit and paratransit systems are defined and match a combination of transit and paratransit services with forcasted transportation needs for each individual setting. Using estimated representativeness factors for each setting, the setting results are expanded to provide order-of-magnitude nation-wide estimates N77-26247 Materials Research Labs.. Maribyrnong (Australia). XRF ANALYSIS OF SOME REGENERATED CATALYSTS W. B. Searle Oct. 1976 30 p refs (MRL-TN-388; AR-282) Copyright. Avail: Issuing Activity A grinding-briquetting technique was developed for the preparation of samples of regenerated petroleum cracking catalysts to provide rapid, accurate analysis of contaminants. The trace elements vanadium, chromium, iron, nickel, copper, zinc. lead, the rare earths, lanthanum, cerium, neodymium. may all be determined on the one sample. A more informative empirical formula for evaluating the level of trace metal contamination in regenerated stock is proposed. Author 376 N77-26491 N77-26253# Sandia Labs.. Livermore. Calif. COMBUSTION RESEARCH AT SANDIA LABORATORIES Oct. 1976 28 p refs Presented at ERDA Contractors' Coordination Meeting, Ann Arbor, Mich.. 18 Oct. 1976 (Contract E(29-1)-789) (SAND-76-8511) Avail. NTIS HC A03/MF A01 Combustion research with respect to internal combustion engines is illustrated graphically. ERA N77-26324# Battelle Columbus Labs.. Ohio. SYSTEMS STUDY OF FUELS FROM SUGARCANE. SWEET SORGHUM, SUGAR BEETS, AND CORN Quarterly Report for period ending 15 Jun. 1976 E, S. Lipinsky. T. A. McClure. W. J. Sheppard. J. L. Otis, W. T. Lawhon. and R. A. Nathan 30 Jun. 1976 95 p refs (Contract W-7405-eng-92) (TID-27336; QR-4) Avail: NTIS HC A05/MF A01 Preliminary results are presented of an economic analysis of the agricultural and conversion aspects of producing fuel and ammonia from sugar beets, sweet sorghum, and corn. Ethanol would be produced by fermentation of cane juice and methanol and ammonia from the synthesis of gas obtained from the partial oxidation of the combustible organics using the Purox process. ERA N77-26325| Arizona State Univ., Tempe. College of Engineering and Applied Sciences. CONVERSION OF WASTE ORGANIC MATERIAL TO GASOLINE James L. Kuester 1976 7 p refs Presented at the 4th national conference on Energy and the Environment. Cincinnati, Oct. 1976 (Contract E(11-D-2982: N60530-76-C-0121: Grant NSF SMI-76-02988) (COO-2982-7; Conf-761016-6) Avail: NTIS HC A02/MF A01 The method is based on the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis of straight-chain hydrocarbons from the pyrolysis gas with the subsequent reforming of these hydrocarbons to gasoline. The concept appears technically feasible. Implementation on a large scale is dependent on refinements in process performance and demonstrated operational reliability. If these objectives are achieved, the process economics could be attractive. ERA N77-26330# Southwest Research Inst. San Antonio, Tex. Army Fuels and Lubricants Research Lab. ENGINE PERFORMANCE AND FIRE-SAFETY CHARACTER. ISTICS OF WATER-CONTAINING DIESEL FUELS Interim Report, Jun. - Aug. 1976 Edwin C. Owens and Bernard R. Wright Dec. 1976 27 p refs (Contracts DAAK02-75-C-0082; DAAG53-76-C-0003) (AD-A036011; AFLRL-83) Avail: NTIS HC A03/MF A01 CSCL 21/4 Recent flammability evaluations conducted at U.S. Army Fuels and Lubricants Research Laboratory AFLRL have shown that water-containing diesel fuels are more fire resistant 'even at temperatures above the flash point' than the same fuel without the water added. These findings led to this project to evaluate the compatibility of such fuels with a full scale diesel engine. Blends of base diesel fuel plus 2-percent emulsifying agent plus as much as 10-percent water were evaluated in an unmodified LDT-465-1 C, a multifuel diesel engine with wide field usage. No significant changes were observed in power output when operating the engine at equal base fuel flow rates. The smoke- reduction effects were inconclusive, but the nonvisible emissions were substantially altered. Oxides of nitrogen emissions were decreased as much as 30 percent but were accompanied by a 250-percent increase in unburned hydrocarbons. The conclusion followed that potential fire-safety benefits and a lack of major detrimental effects in the engine make these water/fuel blends attractive candidates for fire-resistant combat fuels. Author (GRA) N77-26393# Avco-Everett Research Lab., Everett, Mass. CDIF COMBUSTOR DESIGN Final Report D. B. Stickler and R. T. Barnes Jun. 1976 81 p refs (Contract W-31-109-eng-38) (TID-27143) Avail: NTIS HC A05/MF A01 Magnetohydrodynamic (MHO) electric power development offers a major opportunity for better utilization of U.S. coal supplies. Conceptual studies of MHD power systems project coal pile to bus bar plant efficiencies up to 50 percent better than modern steam cycles and 20 to 30 percent better than advanced combined gas turbine-steam turbine cycles. MHD offers further potential advantages in control of environmental emissions. The MHD Development Program established by ERDA for meeting the goal of commercial MHD demonstration by the late 1980's pro- gresses through four overlapping phases, each focused firmly on the eventual commercial requirements. The initial phase will develop the technology required to design, develop and demon- strate subscale system components and subsystems. This report addresses one aspect of the initial phase of the ERDA MHD overall development plan and that is the development of a combustor conceptual design for testing in the CDIF. The CDIF combustor design is capable of ultimately being increased in size to a 2,000 MW thermal MHD commercial plant. .ERA N77-26439# Technische Hogeschool, Eindhoven (Netherlands). Dept. of Electrical Engineering. A NUMERICAL MODEL TO EVALUATE THE BEHAVIOR OF A REGENERATIVE HEAT EXCHANGER AT HIGH TEMPERA- TURE A. J. Geutjes Nov. 1976 46 p refs (TH-76-E-66: ISBN-90-6144-0661) Avail: NTIS HC A03/MF A01 A mathematical model describing the heat transport in regenerative heat exchangers for an experimental MHO generator is presented. Solution of the set of equations by the' method of successive overrelaxation results in the gas and material temperature along the height of the regenerator during the heating and cooling period is described. The temperature of the argon gas leaving the heater was also found. Calculations were made for heat exchangers filled with spheres and for heaters filled with cored bricks. In the first computations the'inlet temperature and composition of the combustion gas were taken as constant. Axial heat conduction was assumed negligible. Radiative heat transfer from the combustion gas was included in the model. The results of the study are in qualitative agreement with experimental data. A quantitative comparison between this theory and experiments was hampered by lack of information regarding the burner settings during the heating period. Author (ESA) N77-26491# TRW Defense and Space Systems Group, Redondo Beach. Calif. INVESTIGATION OF BEAMED ENERGY CONCEPTS FOR PROPULSION. VOLUME 1: SYSTEMS STUDIES Final Report, 2 Sep. 1975 - 1 Jul. 1976 M. Huberman, J. M. Sellen. R. Benson, W. Davenport, and R. Davidheiser Oct. 1976 259 p refs 2 Vol. (Contract F04611-76-C-0003) (AD-A034995; AFRPL-TR-76-66-Vol-1 j Avail: NTIS HC A12/MF A01 CSCL 20/5 The objective of this program is to assess the feasibility of the beamed energy propulsion concept for Air Force missions. The results of the study indicate that beamed energy propulsion is technically feasible. No fundamental obstacles have been identified. However considerable technical development is needed in many areas before the concept can be operationally implemen- ted. In order to minimize the required collector area, laser concepts are preferred over microwaves. If space based laser transmitter concepts are to be cost effective they will require the availability of megawatt level space nuclear or solar power stations. In view of the large total energy required for each mission, ground based transmitters will be most cost effective when they are operated closed cycle from central station electric power. Laser transmitting ranges greater than several hundred nautical miles 377 N77-26595 will result in excessive collector sizes. Therefore, ground based transmitters applications will be restricted to orbital functions which can be performed at low orbital altitudes. Three promising applications have been identified. The laser powered tug can be cost effective compared to an advanced cryogenic tug. Apsidal rotation correction and drag make-up are two other missions where significant advantages may be realized for the laser powered concept. GRA N77-26595# Brookhaven National Lab.. Upton. N.Y. Dept. of Applied Science. REGIONAL LAND USE AND ENERGY MODELING A. S. Kydes. J. B. Sanborn. and T. 0. Carroll 1976 12 p refs Presented at Intern. Conf. on Cybernetics and Soc/, Washington, D. C.. 1 Nov. 1976 (Contract EI30-D-16) (BNL-21809; Conf-761122-1) Avail: NTIS HC A02/MF A01 The land-use energy-simulation model with the integrated capability for generating energy demand is an extension of the classic Lowry model. Such a model framework described captures two essential features of the land use energy-utilization interaction: the spatial location of the land use activity is explicit, and transportation energy demand is determined as an integral part of the spatial configuration. The model is divided both concep- tually and computationally into three parts: the land use model, a submodel for transportation which provides the work and shop trip distribution for spatial allocation of activities within the land use submodel, and an energy submodel which determines energy demand resulting from the land use configuration. ERA D. L Christensen May 1977 152 p (Contract NAS8-31293) (NASA-CR-150305) Avail: NTIS HC A08/MF A01 CSCL 10A The research activities described herein were concentrated on the areas of economics, heating and cooling systems, architectural design, materials characteristics, climatic conditions, educational information packages, and evaluation of solar energy systems and components. Author N77-26613*# National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Lewis Research Center. Cleveland. Ohio. VIBRATION CHARACTERISTICS OF A LARGE WIND TURBINE TOWER ON NON-RIGID FOUNDATIONS :Suey T. Yee, Tse-Young P. Cang, R. J. Scavuzzo. David H. Timmerman.-and John W. Fenton May 1977 34 p refs (Contract E(49-26)-1004) (NASA-TM-X-73670; E-9194: ERDA/NASA-1004/77/1) Avail: NTIS HC A03/MF A01 CSCL 10A Vibration characteristics of the Mod-OA wind turbine supported by nonngid foundations were investigated for a range of soil rigidities. The study shows that the influence of foundation rotation on the fundamental frequency of the wind turbine is ;quite significant for cohesive soils or loose sand. The reduction in natural frequency can be greater than 20 percent. However, for a foundation resting on well graded, dense granular materials or bedrock, such effect is small and the foundation can be treated as a fixed base. Author N77-26606# Utah Univ.. Salt Lake City. Dept. of Geology and Geophysics. GEOCHEMISTRY AND HYDROTHERMAL ALTERATION AT SELECTED UTAH HOT SPRINGS. VOLUME 3 Final Report W. T. Parry. Nancy Benson, and Charles D. Miller Jul. 1976 141 p refs (Grant NSF GI-43741) (PB-264415/1; NSF/RA-760370-Vol-3) Avail: NTIS HC A07/MF A01 CSCL 08! Two hot spring areas in differing geological environments have been selected for detailed rock alteration studies. The Monroe-Red Hill area is within an area of Tertiary volcanics and is underlain by a thick Jurassic salt bearing deposit. The Roosevelt area is in Tertiary and Precambnan crystalline rocks. Comparison of rock alteration and water chemistry in these two areas should serve as a model for further exploration and resource characteriza- tion in Utah using geochemical techniques. GRA N77-26610*# Wyle Labs., Inc.. Huntsville, Ala. ASSEMBLY AND TESTING OF A 1.8 BY 3.7 METER FRESNEL LENS SOLAR CONCENTRATOR Final Report J. E. Robertson May 1977 72 p refs (Contract NAS8-31662) (NASA-CR-150300: TM-77-5) Avail: NTIS HC A04/MF AO1 CSCL 10A A project was initiated to establish a technical data base on line focusing acrylic Fresnel lenses for use in a solar collector system that could generate temperatures in the range of 200 C to 370 C. The effort was originally directed toward electric power generation in the 100 to 10,000 kWe range using a distributed collector approach. However, as the program progressed, it centered on the development of a concentrator/collector subsystem concept that could meet the general requirement of thermal deliver/ within the 200 C to 370. C range. The expanded list of possible applications includes commercial heating/cooling and industrial process heat as well as electric power generation. D.M.L. N77-26611*# Alabama Univ., Huntsville. Johnson Environmen- tal and Energy Center. SOLAR HEATING AND COOLING TECHNICAL DATA AND SYSTEMS ANALYSIS Progress Report. Oct. 1974 - 30 Apr. 1977 N77-26617*# National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Lewis Research Center, Cleveland, Ohio. EVALUATION OF INITIAL COLLECTOR FIELD PERFORM- ANCE AT THE LANGLEY SOLAR BUILDING TEST FACIL- ITY Robert J. Boyle, Ronald N. Jensen (NASA Langley, Hampton, Va.), and Richard H, Knoll Jun. 1977 22 p refs Presented at the 10th Ann. Meeting of the Am. Sect, of the Intern. Solar Energy Soc.. Orlando, Fla. (NASA-TM-X-73677) Avail: NTIS HC A02/MF A01 CSC. 10A The thermal performance of the solar collector field for the NASA Langley Solar Building Test Facility is given for October 1976 through January 1977. A 1.180 square meter solar collector field with seven collector designs helped to provide hot water for the building heating system and absorption air conditioner. The collectors were arranged in 12 rows with nominally 51 collectors per row. Heat transfer-rates for each row were calculated and recorded along with sensor, insolation, and weather data every five minutes using a minicomputer. The agreement between the experimental and predicted collector efficiencies was generally within five percentage points. ' Author N77-26623*# National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Lewis Research Center, Cleveland. Ohio. SENSITIVITY OF SOLAR-CELL PERFORMANCE TO ATMOS- PHERIC VARIABLES. 1: SINGLE CELL Thomas M. Klucher [1976] 15 p refs Presented at 2d Ann. Photovoltaic Measurements Workshop. Baton Rouge, La.. ,10-12 Nov. 1976 ^Contract E(49-26)-1022) (NASA-CP-2010; ERDA/NASA-1022/76/6; TR-2-7) Avail: NTIS HC A02/MF A01 CSCL 10A The short circuit current of a typical silicon solar cell under direct solar radiation was measured for a range of turbidity, water vapor content, and air mass to determine the relation of the solar cell calibration value (currents-intensity ratio) to those atmospheric variables. A previously developed regression equation was modified to describe the relation between calibration value, turbidity, water vapor content, and air mass. Based on the value of the constants obtained by a least squares fit of the data to the equation, it was found that turbidity lowers the value, while increase in water vapor increases the calibration value. Cell 378 N77-26634 calibration values exhibited a change of about 6% over .the range of atmospheric conditions experienced. Author N77-26624*# National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Lewis Research Center. Cleveland, Ohio. SENSITIVITY OF SOLAR-CELL PERFORMANCE TO ATMOS- PHERIC VARIABLES. 2: DISSIMILAR CELLS AT SEVERAL LOCATIONS Thomas M. Klucher and Russell E. Hart 11976] 16 p refs Presented at the 2d Ann. Photovoltaic Measurements Workshop. Baton Rouge, La.. 10-12 Nov. 1976 (Contract E(49-26)-1022) (NASA-CP-2010; ERDA/NASA-1022/76/7. TR-2-8) Avail. NTIS HC A02/MF A01 CSCL 10A . Several solar cells having dissimilar spectral response curves and cell construction were measured at various locations in the United States to determine sensitivity of cell performance to atmospheric water vapor and turbidity. The locations selected represent a broad range of summer atmospheric conditions, from clear and dry to turbid and humid. Cell short circuit current under direct normal incidence sunlight, the intensity, water vapor and turbidity were measured. Regression equations were developed from the limited data base in order to provide a single method of prediction of cell current sensitivity to the atmospheric variables.. Author N77-26628*# Westinghouse Research Labs., Pittsburgh. Pa. ENERGY CONVERSION ALTERNATIVES STUDY (EGAS). PHASE 2. VOLUME 1: SUMMARY AND COMBINED GAS-STREAM TURBINE PLANT WITH AN INTEGRATED LOW-BTU GASIFIER Final Report D. T. Beecher 1 Nov. 1976 497 p refs (Contracts NAS3-19407; £(49-181-1751; Grant NSF AG-551) (NASA-CR-134942-Vol-1; Rept-76-9E9-ECAS-R2-Vol-1) Avail: NTIS HCA21/MFA01 CSCL 10B A parametric analysis of energy conversion concepts using coal or coal derived fuels is presented. Conceptual plant designs were formulated for three advanced power conversion concepts: (Da combined gas steam turbine cycle whose gas turbines are air cooled, and burn a low Btu gas from coupled pressurized fluidized bed gasifiers, (2) a combined gas steam turbine cycle whose gas turbine expanders contain ceramic elements and burn a semiclean coal derived liquid from the H coal process, and (3) an advanced steam plant whose steam is pressurized fluidized bed boilers. A detailed analysis of performance, plant layout, capital cost, cost of electricity, natural resource requirements, and emissions of the three advanced concepts is also included. B.B. N77-26629*# Westinghouse Research Labs.. Pittsburgh. Pa. ENERGY CONVERSION ALTERNATIVES STUDY (ECAS). PHASE 2. VOLUME 2: SUMMARY AND COMBINED GAS-STEAM TURBINE PLANT USING COAL DERIVED LIQUID FUEL Final Report 0. T. Beecher 15 Oct. 1976 334 p refs (Contracts NAS3-19407: £(49-181-1751: Grant NSF AG-551) (NASA-CR-134942-Vol-2: Rept-76-9E9-ECAS-R2-Vol-2) Avail: NTIS HCA15/MFA01 CSCL 10B For abstract, see N77-26628. N77-26630*# Westinghouse Research Labs.. Pittsburgh. Pa. ENERGY CONVERSION ALTERNATIVES STUDY (ECAS). PHASE 2. VOLUME 3: SUMMARY AND ADVANCED STEAM PLANT WITH PRESSURIZED FLUIDIZED BED BOILERS Final Report D. T. Beecher 1 Nov. 1976 398 p refs (Contracts NAS3-19407; E(49-18)-1751: Grant NSF AG-551) (NASA-CR-134942-Vol-3; Rept-76-9E9-ECAS-R2-Vol-3) Avail: NTIS HCA17/MFA01 CSCL 10B For abstract, see N77-26628. N77-26631*# General Electric Co.. Schenectady. N.Y. ENERGY CONVERSION ALTERNATIVES STUDY (ECAS), PHASE 2. VOLUME 1: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Final Report J. C. Gorman and G. R. Fox Dec. 1976 54 p refs (Contracts NAS3-19406: £(49-181-1751: Grant NSF AG-551) (NASA-CR-134949-Vol-1: SRD-76-064-1-Vol-1) Avail: NTIS HC A04/MF A01 CSCL10B A data base for the comparison of advanced energy conversion systems for electric utility baseload applications using coal or. coaj-derived fuels was developed. Conceptual designs were developed for seven systems to permit estimates of power plant efficiency, capital cost, environmental intrusion characteristics, natural resource requirements, and cost of electricity at an assumed capacity factor of 65%. The systems studied were advanced steam with atmospheric fludized bed (AFB) and pressurized^ fluidized bed (PFB) heat input subsystems, a closed helium gas turbine (organic bottoming) with an AFB. a potassium topping cycle with a PFB. a combined cycle gas turbine—water cooled—burning a coal-derived liquid fuel, a combined cycle gas turbine--air cooled--integrated with LBtu gasification, and an open cycle MHD system. An emissions limit target was specified for the power plant conceptual designs. A steam power plant (3.500 .psig/1000 F/1000 F) with a coal-burning radiant furnace and a wet lime stack gas scrubber (stack reheat to 250 F), analyzed in a study using the same groundrules as ECAS, were used as references for comparison. All of the systems exhibited an estimated efficiency better than the 32% reference case. Five of the systems showed a lower cost of electricity than. the 39.8 mills/kWh reference case. Development plans and cost estimates were prepared for the energy conversion portion of the respective systems. An implementation assessment was performed to estimate the potential applicability of the advanced energy conversion systems in electric utility generation systems. Author N77-26632*# General Electric Co., Schenectady, N.Y. : ENERGY CONSERVATION ALTERNATIVES STUDY (ECAS). PHASE 2: VOLUME 2: ADVANCED ENERGY CONVERSION SYSTEMS.- CONCEPTUAL DESIGNS. PART 1: ANALYTI- CAL APPROACH Final Report J. C. Corman. A. S. Robertson. R. D. Stewart. T. A. V. Cassel, and G. G. Johnson Dec. 1976 97 p refs (Contracts NAS3-19406; £(49-181-1751: Grant NSF AG-551) (NASA-CR-134949-Vol-2-Pt-1: SRD-76-064-2-Vpl-2-Pt-1) Avail:-NTIS HC A05/MF A01 CSCL 10B . For abstract, see N77-26631. N77-26633*# General Electric Co.. Schenectady. N.Y. ENERGY CONVERSION ALTERNATIVES STUDY (ECAS). PHASE 2. VOLUME 2: ADVANCED ENERGY CONVERSION SYSTEMS - CONCEPTUAL DESIGNS. PART 2: CLOSED TURBINE CYCLES Final Report D. H. Brown. B. D. Pomeroy. and R. P. Shah Dec.- 1976 274 p refs (Contracts NAS3-19406: £(49-181-1751: Grant NSF AG-551) (NASA-CR-134949-Vol-2-Pt-2: SRD-76-064-2-Vol-2-Pt-2) Avail: NTIS HC A12/MF A01 CSCL 10B : For abstract, see N77-26631. N77 26634'# General Electric Co.. Schenectady, N.Y. ENERGY CONVERSION ALTERNATIVES STUDY (ECAS). PHASE 2. VOLUME 2: ADVANCED ENERGY CONVERSION SYSTEMS - CONCEPTUAL DESIGNS. PART 3: OPEN CYCLE GAS TURBINES AND OPEN CYCLE MHD Final Report L. P. Harris and R. P. Shah Dec. 1976 277 p refs (Contract NAS3-19406: £(49-181-1751: Grant NSF AG-551) (NASA-CR-134949-Vol-2-Pt-3: SRD-76-064-2-Vol-2-Pt-3) Avail: NTIS HC A13/MF A01 CSCL 10B For abstract, see N77-26631. 379 N77-26635 N77-26635*# General Electric Co.. Schenectady. N.Y. ENERGY CONVERSION ALTERNATIVES STUDY (EGAS). PHASE 2. VOLUME 2: ADVANCED ENERGY CONVERSION SYSTEMS: CONCEPTUAL DESIGNS. PART 4: SUMMARY OF RESULTS Final Report D. H. Brown. J. C. Corman. G. G. Johnson. W. J. MacFarland. B. D. Pomeroy. and D. A. Woodford Dec. 1976 92 p refs (Contracts NAS3-19406: E(49-18)-1751: Grant NSF AG-551) (NASA-CR-134949-Vol-2-Pt-4; SRD-76-064-2-Vol-2-Pt-4) Avail: NTIS HC A05/MF A01 CSCL 10B For abstract, see N77-26631. N77-26636*# General Electric Co.. Schenectady. N.Y. ENERGY CONVERSION ALTERNATIVES STUDY (EGAS). PHASE 2. VOLUME 3: RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT PLANS AND IMPLEMENTATION ASSESSMENT Final Report • R. R. Bass. D. H. Brown. J. C. Corman. L P. Harris. B. D. Pomeroy. and R. P. Shah Dec. 1976 347 p refs (Contracts NAS3-19406: E(49-18)-1751; Grant NSF AG-551) (NASA-CR-134949-Vol-3; SRD-76-064-3) Avail: NTIS HC A15/MF A01 CSCL 10B . For abstract, see N77-26631. N77-26637*# United Technologies Corp.. South Windsor. Conn. ENERGY CONVERSION ALTERNATIVES STUDY (EGAS), PHASE 2. INTEGRATED COAL GASIFIER/MOLTEN CARBONATE FUEL CELL POWERPLANT CONCEPTUAL DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION ASSESSMENT Final Report J. M..King 19 Oct. 1976 171 p refs Prepared in cooperation with Burns and Roe. Inc. and the Inst. of Gas Technol. (Contract NAS3-19586) (NASA-CR-134955: FCR-0237) Avail: NTIS HC A08/MF A01 CSCL 10A For abstract, see N77-26631. N77-26638# Rensselaer Polytechnic Inst.. Troy. N. Y. Center for Technology Assessment. AN ANALYSIS OF THE FEASIBILITY OF WINDMILLS FOR POWER GENERATION IN NEW YORK STATE Robert Duffy Oct. 1976 136 p refs (RPI-TA-17) Avail: NTIS HC A07/MF A01 The potential use of wind energy as a source of generating electric power as a methodology is described for evaluating the economic viability and acceptability of windmills for wind energy conversion in a large size such as New York State. The minimum cost of energy production for a system yielding high levels of energy is determined. Elements in the evaluation include: (1) an analysis of recorded wind data from which available wind energy levels may be determined: (2) an engineering analysis of known windmill concepts to determine those specific windmills which have the greatest potential for large scale generation of synchronous ac current: and (3) a coupling of the selected mills and the available wind energy profiles with capital investment and operating cost information to determine isoeconomic contour lines throughout the state. Author N77-2664O# Energy Research Corp.. Danbury. Conn. NEW MATERIALS FOR FLUOROSULFONIC ACID ELEC- TROLYTE FUEL CELLS Interim Report. Dec. 1975 - Oct. 1976 Sandors G. Abens. Bernard S. Baker. Michael George, and Stanley Januszkiewicz Feb. 1977 31 p refs (Contract DAAK02-75-C-0045) (AD-A036988: ERC-0123-3: IR-3) Avail: NTIS HC A03/MF A01 CSCL 10/2 Hydrogen-air fuel cells were evaluated with both TFMSA (Trifluoromethane sulfonic acid) monohydrate and dilute TFMSA. Tolerance against flooding was increased by use of thick supported catalyst electrodes with the monohydrate. Fuel cells with 63% TFMSA were operated at room temperature for over 1,000 hours with no significant decay. The evaluation of supported platinum and tungsten carbide anode catalysts with dilute TFMSA was initiated. Silicon carbide was investigated as a matrix material with TFMSA. Author (GRA) N77-26641# Energy Research Corp.. Danbury. Conn. FUEL CELL STACKS Interim Technical Report. Mar. - Aug. 1976 S. G. Abens and Bernard S. Baker Feb. 1977 31 p (Contract DAAK02-74-C-0367) (AD-A037586: ERC-7396-4: ITR-4) Avail: NTIS HC A03/MF A01 CSCL 10/2 Production and testing of phosphoric acid fuel cell stacks is described. Electrodes, matrices, and bipolar gas distribution plates with an active area of 0.4 sq. ft. have been tested. Initial performance of 10- and 35- cell stacks has been obtained. Some stacks have been operated for over 2.000 hours at 300F. and tolerance to CO has been demonstrated. Life testing of stacks has been impeded by lack of complete gastightness and deterioration of gas diffusion plates.' Author (GRA) N77-26642# Utah Univ.. Salt Lake City. Dept. of Mechanical Engineering. UNIVERSITY OF UTAH DIRECT CONTACT GEOTHERMAL POWER PROJECT REPORT. A COMPUTER PROGRAM FOR DETERMINING THE THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF WATER David H. Riemer. Harold R. Jacobs, and Robert F. Boehm 1976 73 p refs (Contract ATI 10-11-1523: Grant ERDA-AER-75-01039) (UTEC-ME-76-171) Avail: NTIS HC A04/MF A01 A program was written to be used as a subroutine. The program determines the thermodynamic properties of water given any of the following pairs of knowns to define a thermodynamic state: pressure and entropy, pressure and enthalpy, pressure and quality, temperature and pressure, or temperature and quality. These five pairs of knowns allow the user to evaluate any thermodynamic cycle using water as a working fluid. The report includes a complete derivation of equations, program listing, program symbol description, a complete set of flow charts and a sample steam turbine calculation.. ERA N77-26644# 'AiResearch Mfg. Co.. Phoenix. Ariz. BRAXTON ISOTOPE POWER SYSTEM. PHASE 1: (GROUND DEMONSTRATION SYSTEM) CONFIGURATION CONTROL DOCUMENT(CCD) 15 Mar. 1976 238 p refs (Contract EY-76-C-03-1123) (TID-27252: AiResearch-75-311274B) Avail: NTIS HC A11/MF A01 The configuration control document (CCD) defines the BIPS-GDS configuration. The CDS (Ground Documentation Syst.) configuration is similar to a conceptual flight system design, referred to as the (Brayton Isotope Power System-Flight System) which is discussed. The SIPS is being developed as a 500 to 2.000 W(e).7-y life, space power system utilizing a closed Brayton cycle gas turbine engine to convert thermal energy (from an isotope heat source) to electrical energy at a net efficiency exceeding 25 percent. ERA N77-26647# Sandia Labs.. Albuquerque. N. Mex. SILICON SOLAR CELL DEVELOPMENT FOR CONCENTRA- TED-SUNLIGHT. HIGH-TEMPERATURE APPLICATIONS J. F. Fossum and E. L. Burgess 1976 7 p refs (Contract E(29-1)-789) (SAND-76-5311: Conf-761130-1) Avail: NTIS HC A02/MF A01 The development of silicon cells for use in concentrated- sunlight, high-temperature environments, based on theory and experiment, is presented. The theoretical work is aided by exact numerical simulations of the cells. Suggested cell designs are . then fabricated using standard integrated circuit processing techniques. The designs are verified through computer-controlled testing of the cells at solar illuminations up to 90 suns and temperatures up to 100 C. The development of a 5-cm-diameter 380 N77-26655 silicon wafer cell for a 50-sun. approximately 100 C application is emphasized. ERA N77 26649# Los Alamos Scientific Lab.. N. Mex. SUPERCONDUCTING ENERGY STORAGE DEVELOPMENT FOR ELECTRIC UTILITY SYSTEMS R. D. Turner. H. J. Boenig. and W. V. Hasenzahl 1976 16 p refs Presented at 3d Ann. Conf. on Energy. Rolla. Mo., 13 Oct. 1976 (Contract W-7405-eng-36) (LA-UR-76-2294: Conf-761038-1) Avail: NTIS HC A02/MF A01 Model SMES experiments were performed to show that magnetic energy storage in a superconducting magnet is a viable alternate to energy storage methods which are being built today. Component tests on a model SMES system include 12 pulse converters, automatic and manual converter power control system, and high current superconductors were performed to evaluate and develop systems which can be used on the 100 MJ SMES system that was designed. Test circuits were designed and used for economical and nondestructive testing of magnets for superconductor performance and evaluation. A closed-loop model SMES system was developed and built to study the electrical characteristics of the system. Initial test results were obtained for a symmetrically and asymmetrically triggered twelve-pulse converter. The asymmetrically triggered bridge shows the lower reactive power requirement, but a more distorted line current. Tests with the automatic control system show that a SMES system has switching times between the charging and discharging mode of about a cycle and a half. ERA N77-26650# Brookhaven National Lab.. Upton. N.Y. Policy Analysis Div. ENERGY SITUATION IN NEW ENGLAND Joel P. Brainard. James S. Munson, and Philip F. Palmedo Nov. 1976 57 p refs (Contract EY-76-C-02-0016) (BNL-50580) Avail: NTIS HC A04/MF A01 A concise overview is given of the facts of the energy situation in New England and of attitudes within the region towards current energy issues. Many of the central problems of U.S. energy policy are manifested in the region in a magnified form. The region entered the period of energy shortages and increasing prices in an economically declining condition. Manufac- turing activity and jobs were being lost to other regions of the country, and personal income was increasing at significantly slower rates. With essentially no indigenous energy resources. New England is an energy-importing region: over 60 percent of the fuels it consumes is imported from abroad. Although the future supply of energy to the region is critically dependent on energy resource policies, policies related for example to coal and oil shale development, the region's concerns cluster around policies and technologies that are perceived to have a more direct impact on its energy welfare. Energy conservation, solar energy, nuclear power, offshore oil development and, in general, the price of energy to the region are discussed. ERA N77-26651# California Univ.. Livermore. Lawrence Livermore Lab. WILL A RAPIDLY EXPANDING POWER-GENERATING SYSTEM BE PART OF THE ENERGY PROBLEM OR PART OF ITS SOLUTION G. D. Sauter 12 Aug. 1976 24 p refs Presented at Frontiers of Power Technol. Conf.. Stillwater. Okla., 27-28 Oct. 1976 (Contract W-7405-eng-48) (UCRL-78500: Conf-761030-1) Avail: NTIS HC A02/MF A01 A methodology for the dynamic net energy analysis of an expanding system of identical power-generating plants is described. Based on this methodology, which is applicable to all types of power plants, a numerical model for simulating the energy dynamics of an expanding power-generating system is developed. The results of applying the model to several illustrative examples are presented and discussed. ERA N77-26652jjl 'California Univ.. Livermore. Lawrence Livermore Lab. TEMPERATURE DEPENDENCE OF THE PHOTOVOLTAIC PERFORMANCE OF SI CELLS UNDER BLUE. WHITE. AND NEAR-BANDGAP IRRADIATION E. Fischer-Colbrie, R. Wichner. and E. J. Charison 3 Dec. 1976 7 p refs Presented at 12th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialist Conf.. Baton Rouge, Louisiana, 15 Nov. 1976 (Contract W-7405-eng-48) (UCRL-76203: Conf-761130-3) Avail: NTIS HC A02/MF A01 The temperature depenence of V/sub oc/ and I/sub sc/ was investigated for various designs of solar cells under blue, white, and near-infrared illumination bands of equal photodensity thus producing carriers at different depths in the various cells. It was found that V/sub oc/vs. temperature relation showed practically no dependence on the depth at which excitation occurred. Delta V/sub oc/ was about twice as large for non-homojunction cells than for homojunctions. The change in short circuit current with temperature, however, is sensitive to the depth at which carrier generation occurs. A decrease of I/sub sc/, with increasing temperature has been shown for excitation near the surface, a strong increase for excitation deep in the bulk with values for the white light showing an average of both. ERA N77-26663# Sandia Labs., Albuquerque, N. Mex. EFFECTS OF SPECTRAL VARIATIONS ON SILICON CELL OUTPUT E. C. Boes and I. J. Hall 1976 14 p Presented at Terrestrial PV Measurements Workshop, Baton Rouge. Louisiana, 10 Nov. 1976 (Contract E(29-1)-789) (SAND-76-9142; Conf-761129) Avail: NTIS HC A02/MF A01 The performance of silicon solar cell at a specific location is usually predicted by multiplying the solar radiation incident at the site by the solar cell's efficiency. This efficiency is specified as the ratio of the cell's output to the radiant energy input to the cell under specified conditions. It would be better to use a procedure which takes into account the fact that the performance of silicon solar cells depends upon the spectral distribution of the incoming energy. This is generally not possible because there are very few records of the spectral distribution of terrestrial solar radiation. One existing data source consists of spectral measurements of daily, total-horizontal radiation. These data have been analyzed to determine the magnitude and character of the effects in silicon cell output resulting from real variations in the terrestrial solar spectrum. ' ERA N77-26654# Atomics International. Canoga Park. Calif. HYDRATION DEHYDRATION CYCLING OF MgO Mg(OH)2 FOR APPLICATION TO SOLAR HEAT STORAGE SYS- TEMS G. Ervin 30 Sep. 1976 19 p (Contract E(04-3)-0701) (AI-ERDA-13178) Avail: NTIS HC A02/MF A01 The system design requires a knowledge of rates of the dehydration and hydration reactions, and, in order that these rates be significant for practical applications, it must be shown that these rates are maintained as the material is cycled repeatedly through the anhydrous and hydrated condition. For solar heat storage operating on a daily cycle, for example, a 3-yr life requires somewhat more .than 1.000 cycles. Besides the effect of cycling on reaction kinetics, the extent of corrosion by the inorganic oxide/hydroxide on its containment vessel during cycling is an important parameter. Also, since one form of the active material that appears to have some advantages is that of granules held together by an inorganic cement, it is important in this case to know if the granules are broken down by cycling. ERA N77-26665# Atomics International, Canoga Park. Calif. EXPERIMENTAL TEST OF GAS HEAT TRANSFER SYSTEM FOR HYDROXIDE HEAT STORAGE 381 N77-26657 G. Ervin 29 Oct. 1976 23 p (Contract E(04-3)-0701) (AI-ERDA-13176) Avail: NTIS HC A02/MF A01 The results of a series of tests using circulating gas as a means of heat transfer are given. On the basis of these'results, it is concluded that circulating gas is a technically feasible concept, using steam as heat transfer fluid and using the chemical in the form of a fixed bed of porous granules. ERA N77-26657# California Univ.. Berkeley. Lawrence Berkeley Lab. RESULTS FROM CIRCUMSOLAR RADIATION MEASURE- MENTS Donald F. Grether. Arlon Hunt, and Michael Wahlig Aug. 1976 8 p refs Presented at Joint Conf. of Am. Section of Intern. Solar Energy Soc. and Solar Energy Soc. of Can.. Inc.. Winnipeg, Canada. 15 Aug. 1976 ' . . , (Contract W-7405-eng-48) (LBL-5292; Conf-760842-18) Avail: NTIS HC A02/MF A01 Circumsolar radiation results from small-angle scattering of direct sunlight from atmospheric aerosols with dimensions on the order of. or greater than the wavelength of light. An instrument was developed to provide measurements of circumsolar radiation as a function of angular distance from the sun and wavelength, .for various atmospheric conditions, geographic locations, and times of year: These measurements are used to predict accurately the performance of. solar thermal conversion systems using focusing collectors, and to determine whether pymeliometer data are adequate for estimating this performance. Sample data are presented for two geographic locations. ERA N77-26669jjf Oak Ridge National Lab.. Tenn. APPLICATION OF THE ICE-MAKER HEAT PUMP TO AN ANNUAL CYCLE ENERGY SYSTEM H. C. Fischer and E. A. Nephew Dec. 1976 36 p refs Presented at the ASME Winter Meeting. New York. Dec. 1976 (Contract W-7405-eng-26) (CONF-761107-13) Avail: NTIS HC A03/MF A01 Design parameters and typical operating characteristics of the ice-maker heat pump are presented and discussed. An economic analysis indicates that the ice-maker heat pump is capable of supplying space heating to buildings at an operating cost of about $4.65/million Btu ($4.41/GJ) of heat delivered at the register. The corresponding operating costs for heat delivery by systems with an air-to-air heat pump, an oil-fired furnace, a gas-fired furnace, and electric resistance heating are: $5.86, $6.30, $6.26. and $11.72 per million Btu. respectively. The cost of supplying domestic hot water by means of an ice-maker heat pump is estimated and the storage of ice for later use as a cooling medium is investigated. Ice storage as a means of saving both money and fuel is analyzed on the basis of daily, weekly, and annual cycles. Particular attention is being given to the design and construction of cost-effective storage bins. ERA N77-26660# Dubin-Mindell-Bloome Associates. New York., NEW ENERGY CONSERVATION IDEAS FOR EXISTING AND NEW BUILDINGS , «' F. S. Dubin 1975 28 p Presented at the 1st ERDA-Wide Energy. Conservation Symp., Albuquerque. N. M., 16-18 Sep. 1975 (CONF-750942-2) Avail: NTIS HC A03/MF A01 , . New equipment and system concepts are outlined, such as utilization of solar energy, heat pumps, heat pipes, desiccaht dehumidification. and chilled and hot water storage systems; but it is shown that most of the new ideas are, in fact, innovative use of older technologies which must be reintroduced now. The importance of becoming thoroughly familiar with, and using, innovative systems which are available is stressed, rather than • waiting for the development of new products. Examples are presented showing the energy conservation and economic benefits of industrial processes when integrated with building environmen- tal control systems. Some suggestions are included for new product development. Some specific needs are high temperature solar collectors, low temperature absorption refrigeration equip- ment, and glass which changes its characteristics with varying ambient conditions. ' ERA N77-26663# Battelle Columbus Labs.. Ohio. EVALUATION OF THE POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS OF WIND ENERGY SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT Interim Final Report Sharron E. Rogers. Michael A. Duffy. Julia G.' Jefferis. Philip' R. Sticksel, and Duane A. Tolle Aug. 1976 193 p refs (Contract W-7405-eng-92: Grant NSF AER-75-07378) (ERDA/NSF-07378-75/1; NSF/RA-706188) Avail: NTIS HC A09/MF A01 The first phase of an evaluation of the potential for environmental effects from the development of wind energy was completed. A keyworded bibliography concerning microclimatic alterations by wind and reactions of flora and fauna to altered wind regimes is presented. This literature serves as background material for discussion of potential microclimatic and ecological effects. ERA N77-26664| Alaska Univ.. College. Geophysical Inst. STUDY OF ALASKAN WIND POWER AND ITS POSSIBLE APPLICATIONS Final Report. 1 May 1974 - 30 Jan. 1976 Tunis Wentink. Jr. 29 Feb. 1976 183'p refs (Contract E(45-1)-2229; Grant NSF AER-74-00239A01)' (NSF/RANN/SE/AER74-00239/FR-26) • Avail: NTIS HC A09/MF A01 The wind power potential of Alaska, is studied in both the meteorological and applies senses. The wind potential of the world is also treated. Specific goals are the determination of alternative applications and users of wind systems, optimum sites for these, and environmental problems associated with windmills used in Alaska. The program, consists of seven tasks. ERA N77-26665# Battelle Pacific Northwest Labs., Richland, Wash. OTEC ANNUAL REPORT TO THE DIVISION OF SOLAR ENERGY FOR FY 1976 AND THE TRANSITION QUARTER Lyle D. Perrigo and G. A. Jensen Nov. 1976 45 p refs (Contract EY-76-C-06-1830) (BNWL-2154) Avail: NTIS HC A03/MF A01 •' The methodology used to guide the technical efforts of the project activity office during its period of startup and before a detailed master plan is developed. The projects developed for funding in FY-1976 and the rationale for their selection are described. A summary of significant technical information, obtained from various projects is presented. • - . ' • • I ' ''.' .'ERA N77-26668# Virginia Univ.' Charlottesville. ANALYSIS OF THERMAL PERFORMANCE OF, SOLARIS WATER-TRICKLE SOLAR COLLECTOR - , J. T. Beard, F. L Huckstep. W. B. May. Jr., F. A. lachetta, and L U. Lilleleht 1976 27 p refs Presented at the Ann. Meeting of the ASME. New York. 29 Nov. 1976 .,. '. (Contract AT-(40-1 (-4927) , , (CONF-761107-17) Avail: NTIS HC A03/MF A01 . Thermal performance testing and evaluation of the Thom- ason Solaris water-trickle solar collector were undertaken with the aid of a special outdoor research facility. Results demonstrate the performance of the Thomason 'Solaris' collector with efficiencies ranging from 30 percent up to approximately 75 percent. These results show a nearly linear relationship, as a function of the difference between inlet water temperature and the ambient temperature divided by the incident solar energy. The significant scatter in the data results from other variables which are analyzed in the paper. These variables include glazing cleanliness, angle of incidence, water evaporation and condensa- tion, wind condition, and the influence of condensate droplets on the overall solar energy transmitted to the absorbing surface. The performance of the 'Solaris' water-trickle collector is compared with published results for conventional single and double flat-plate collectors. . _ _ . . . . . E R A N77-26669# Virginia Univ.. Charlottesville. EVALUATION OF SOLARIS WATER-TRICKLE SOLAR COLLECTOR AND DEMONSTRATION OF ANNUAL CYCLE COLLECTION AND STORAGE OF SOLAR HEATED WATER 382 N77-26679 J. T. Beard. F. A. lachetta. L. U. Lilleleht, J, W. Dickey. F. L. Huckstep. and W. B. May. Jr. 1976 18 p refs Presented at Conf. on Solar 3 Capturing the Sun, Evanston. III.. 20 Nov. 1976 (Contract EI40-11-4927) (CONF-761143-1) Avail: NTIS HC A02/MF A01 Research on the thermal performance of the Thomason Solaris water-trickle solar collector is described. This work includes testing with the aid of a special outdoor collector research facility. Results demonstrate the collection efficiency ranges from 30% up to approximately 75%. Significant variables which influence efficiency include inlet water temperature, ambient temperature, incident solar energy, glazing cleanliness, angle of incidence, wind condition, and the evaporation and condensation which occur within the collector. The thermal performance of the Solaris water-trickle collector is compared with published results for conventional single and double flat-plate collectors. The second project involves the demonstration and evaluation of a system for the year-round collection of solar energy with storage for heating applications. The system resembles a swimming pool with an insulated top which acts as a solar collector as well as a device to limit the evaporative cooling of the water. ERA N77-26670# Pennsylvania Univ.. Philadelphia. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT OF LOW COST PROCESS- ES FOR INTEGRATED SOLAR ARRAYS C. D. Graham. S. Kulkarni. and E. Louis May 1976 247 p refs Prepared jointly with Dow Corning Corp. (Contract E(11-D-2721) (COO-2721-76-1) Avail: NTIS HC A11/MF A01 Potential processes for the production of solar-grade silicon are evaluated from thermodynamic, economic, and technical feasi- bility points of view. Upgrading of the present arc-furnace process is found most favorable. Experimental studies of the Si/SiF4 transport and purification process show considerable impurity removal and reasonable transport rates. Silicon deformation experiments indicate production of silicon sheet by rolling at 1350 C is feasible. Significant recrystallization by strain-anneal technique has been observed. Experimental recrystallization studies using an electron beam line source are discussed. A maximum recrystallization velocity of approximately 9- m/hr is calculated for silicon sheet. A comparative process rating technique based on detailed cost analysis is presented. . ERA N77-26673# Giner. Inc., Waltham, Mass. STUDY OF CORROSION AND ITS CONTROL IN ALUMINUM SOLAR COLLECTORS Progress Report. 1 Jim. - 31 Aug. 1976 J. Giner. L. Sweete. and D. Wong Sep. 1976 26 p (Contract E(11-1)-2934) (COO-2934-76-1) Avail: NTIS HC A03/MF A01 Plans and methodology are described for investigating the corrosion of aluminum solar thermal energy collector systems, with the objective of deriving corrosion control methods. The corrosion characteristics of aluminum and selected aluminum alloys in heat transfer fluids, including ethylene glycol water, will be studied experimentally under conditions relevant to the operation of the existing solar collector installations. ERA N77-26674| General Electric Co.. Philadelphia. Pa. Space Div. GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY SURVEY TO DEFINE IMPACT OF STATEWIDE BUILDING CODES ON SOLAR HVAC SYSTEMS. COMMERCIAL BUILDINGS. NATIONAL SOLAR DEMONSTRATION PROGRAM Jul. 1976 164 p (Contract E(11-D-2683) (COO-2683-76-11) Avail: NTIS HC A08/MF A01 The potential impact of statewide building codes and solar energy laws on the solar heating and cooling of buildings was investigated. The survey is limited to building and construction related codes and solar energy laws presently issued and enforced. Pending codes or ordinances are also reported. The review of the fire and safety codes was limited to their direct application with construction requirements. Author (ERA) N77-26675# Cornell Univ.. Ithaca. N.Y. BIOCONVERSION OF AGRICULTURAL WASTES FOR POLLUTION CONTROL AND ENERGY CONSERVATION Final Report ' ' W. J. Jewell. H. R. Davis. W. W. Gunkel. D. J. Lathwell. J~. H. Martin. Jr., T. R. McCarty. G. R. Morris. D. R. Price, and D. W. Williams Sep. 1976 341 p refs •(Grant ERDA-NSF 741222-A01) :(TID-27164) Avail: NTIS HC A15/MF A01 ' A comprehensive study of the feasibility of generating a' substitute natural gas on U.S. dairies (40 and 100 cows) and beef feedlots (1.000 head) using the anaerobic fermentation process is made. The feasibility in technical, economic and practical terms is.estimated. A dairy farm in northern New York could produce more energy than it consumes, and a feedlot could produce more than 3 times the quantity consumed. The estimated costs of generating methane on 40 and 100 cow dairies and on a 1.000 head beef feedlot were $22.80. $13.40. and $4.50 per 10 to the 6th power kcal. Detailed analyses of the three operations estimated that the actual costs for utilization would increase to $80. $39, and $11 per 10 to the 6th power kcal for specific operations, respectively. Farms with more than 100 cows can begin to consider the technology as an income producing operation. It is therefore concluded that anaerobic fermentation of agricultural wastes has significant potential and should receive increased attention. ERA N77-26676# Colorado State Univ.. Fort Collins. Solar Energy Applications Lab. COMPARATIVE PERFORMANCE OF SOLAR HEATING WITH AIR LIQUID SYSTEMS Interim Progress Report. 1 Feb. - 30 Aug. 1976 S. Karaki. G. 0. G. Lof. and C. C. Smith Aug. 1976 20 p refs Presented at the Intern. Solar Energy Soc. Conf., Winnipeg, Canada. 16-20 Aug. 1976 (Contract E(11-11-2868) (COO-2868-1) Avail: NTIS HC A02/MF A01 A performance comparison between an air solar system and a liquid solar system for space heating under nearly equal conditions was obtained. The Colorado State- University Solar 'House I is a liquid solar system which has been in operation since August 1974. Solar House II. which stands adjacent to and has a comparable heating load to Solar House I. is .equipped with an air solar system. Solar House I has been continuously 'monitored since August 1974 and Solar House II has been monitored since February 1976. Performance of the solar systems is reported in terms of the collector efficiency, the amount of space heating and service water heating load provided by solar energy, and the use of electrical energy to operate the solar equipment. General characteristics of the two types of systems 'are also compared. Information concerning installation/opera- tion, and maintenance of the systems are documented and are 'discussed. .* ERA N77-26677# Mathematical Sciences Northwest, Inc., Bellevue. Wash. A SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC IMPACT STUDY OF OFFSHORE PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS DEVELOPMENT IN ALASKA. PHASE i Final Report "15 Oct. 1976 427 p refs Prepared in cooperation with Human Resources Planning Inst, Seattle. (Contract DI-08550-CT6-46) (PB-264705/5; MSNW/HRPI-76-274: BLM/SE-77-02) Avail: NTIS HC A19/MF A01 CSCL 10A The modeling of Alaska's economic experience with hydrocar- bon development in the Kenai-Cook Inlet region is presented. The linkages between the petroleum sector and the rest of the Alaskan economy are examined. GRA N77-26679# Little (Arthur D.). Inc.. Cambridge, Mass. ENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS OF SELECTED ENERGY CONSERVING MANUFACTURING PROCESS OPTIONS. VOLUME 2: INDUSTRY PRIORITY REPORT Final Report Dec. 1976 139 p refs '(Contract EPA-68-03-2198) '(PB-264268/4; EPA-600/7-76-034b-Vol-2) Avail: NTIS :HC A07/MF A01 CSCL 10A The likelihood of new process technology and new practices being introduced by energy intensive industries is assessed, and the environmental impacts of such changes are explored. Volume 2 presents and describes the over-view of the industries considered and presents the methodology used to select industries. GRA 383 N77-26680 N77 26680# Little (Arthur D.). Inc.. Cambridge. Mass. ENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS OF SELECTED ENERGY CONSERVING MANUFACTURING PROCESS OPTIONS. VOLUME 3: IRON AND STEEL INDUSTRY REPORT Final Report ~ Dec. 1976 107 p refs (Contract EPA-68-03-2198) (P8-264269/2; EPA-600/7-76-034c-Vol-3) Avail: NTIS HC A06/MF A01 CSCL 10A The likelihood of new process technology and new practices being introduced by energy intensive industries is assessed, and the environmental impacts of such changes are explored. Volume 3 deals with the iron and steel industry and examines four alternatives: (1) recovery of carbon monoxide from BOP (basic oxygen process), (2) external desulfurization of blast-furnace hot metal. (3) conversion from wet to dry coke quenching and (4) direct reduction of iron ore, all in terms of relative process economics and environmental/energy consequences. GRA N77-266810 Little (Arthur D.). Inc.! Cambridge. Mass. ENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS OF SELECTED ENERGY CONSERVING MANUFACTURING PROCESS OPTIONS. VOLUME 4: PETROLEUM REFINING INDUSTRY REPORT Final Report Dec. 1976 193 p (Contract EPA-68-03-2198) (PB-264270/0: EPA-600/7-76-034d-Vol-4) Avail: NTIS HC A09/MF A01 CSCL 10A Different methods of conserving energy in the petroleum refining industry are examined: (1) direct combustion of asphalt in process heaters and boilers, (2) hydrocracking of vacuum bottoms. (3) flexicoking of vacuum bottoms. (4) internal electrical power generation, and (5) hydrogen generation by partial oxidation. All are evaluated in terms of process economics and environmen- tal/energy consequences. GRA N77-26682# Little (Arthur D'.). Inc.. Cambridge. Mass. ENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS OF SELECTED ENERGY CONSERVING MANUFACTURING PROCESS OPTIONS. VOLUME 5: PULP AND PAPER INDUSTRY REPORT Final Report Dec. 1976 206 p refs (Contract EPA-68-03-2198) (PB-264271/8: EPA-600/7-76-034e-Vol-5) Avail: NTIS HC A10/MF A01 CSCL 10A Different production methods for the pulp and paper industry are examined in depth: (1) alkaline-oxygen pulping. (2) Rapson effluent-free kraft process. (3) thermomechanical pulping, and (4) deinking of old news^.int. All are evaluated in terms of relative economics and environmental/energy consequences.' GRA N77-266830 Little (Arthur D.). Inc.. Cambridge. Mass. ENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS OF SELECTED ENERGY CONSERVING MANUFACTURING PROCESS OPTIONS. VOLUME 6: OLEFINS INDUSTRY REPORT Dec. 1976 154 p (Contract EPA-68-03-2198) (PB-264272/6: EPA-600/7-76-034f-Vol-6) Avail: NTIS HC A08/MF A01 CSCL 10A Relative process economics and environmental/energy consequences of both naphtha and atmospheric gas oil coil cracking are examined and compared with a base line plant using ethane-propane as a feedstock for producing olefins. Emerging technologies for producing olefins are also briefly analyzed. GRA N77-26684# Little (Arthur D.). Inc.. Cambridge. Mass. ENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS OF SELECTED ENERGY CONSERVING MANUFACTURING PROCESS OPTIONS. VOLUME 7: AMMONIA INDUSTRY REPORT Final Report Dec. 1976 105 p (Contract EPA-68-03-2198) (PB-264273/4: EPA-600/7-76-034g-Vol-7) Avail: NTIS HC A06/MF A01 CSCL 10A The production of ammonia based on coal gasification and the production of ammonia based on heavy oil gasification were analyzed in terms of process economics and environmental/energy consequences. GRA N77-26686# Little (Arthur D ). Inc.. Cambridge. Mass. ENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS OF SELECTED ENERGY CONSERVING MANUFACTURING PROCESS OPTIONS. VOLUME 8: ALUMINA/ALUMINUM INDUSTRY REPORT Final Report Dec. 1976 155 p (Contract EPA-68-03-2198) (PB-264274/2: EPA-600/7-76-034h-Vol-8) Avail: NTIS HC A08/MF A01 CSCL 10A New process developments for producing alumina from domestic clays as alternatives to the Bayer process were examined: (1) nitric acid leaching process. (2) hydrochloric acid leaching process, and (3) clay chlorination (such as the Toth alumina process). The Alcoa chloride electrolysis process and the application of titanium diboride cathodes to the conventional Hall-Heroult cells for the production of aluminum were also evaluated. All of these alternatives are discussed in • terms of relative process economics and environmental/energy consequen- ces. GRA N77-26686# Little (Arthur 0.). Inc.. Cambridge. Mass. ENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS OF SELECTED ENERGY CONSERVING MANUFACTURING PROCESS OPTIONS. VOLUME 9: TEXTILE INDUSTRY REPORT Final Report Dec. 1976 90 p refs (Contract EPA-68-03-2198) (PB-264275/9: EPA-600/7-76-034i-Vol-9) Avail: NTIS HC A05/MF A01 CSCL 10A The environmental, energy, and economic impacts of three model technologies for the textile industry are examined. These include (1) integrated knot fabric mill using advanced-processing of 10O% polyester fiber. (2) integrated knit fabric mill using solvent processing of 10O% polyester fiber, and (3) integrated woven fabric mill using advanced processing of 50/50 polyester cotton fiber mixture. All are evaluated in comparison with a base line technology representing the best of present textile industry practice. GRA NT7-26687# Little (Arthur D.). Inc.. Cambridge, Mass. ENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS OF SELECTED ENERGY CONSERVING MANUFACTURING PROCESS OPTIONS. VOLUME 10: CEMENT INDUSTRY REPORT Final Report Dec. 1976 132 p 'refs (Contract EPA-68-03-2198) (PB-264276/7: EPA-600/7-76-034j-Vol-10) Avail: NTIS HC A07/MF A01 CSCL 10A The following process options for use in the cement industry are examined: (1) suspension preheater. (2) flash calciner. (3) fluid bed cement process, and (4) conversion to coal fuel from oil and natural gas. Process economics and environmental/energy consequences are considered. GRA N77-26688# Little (Arthur D.). Inc.. Cambridge. Mass. ENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS OF SELECTED ENERGY CONSERVING MANUFACTURING PROCESS OPTIONS. VOLUME 11: GLASS INDUSTRY Final Report Dec. 1976 127 p refs (Contract EPA-68-03-2198) (PB-264277/5: EPA-600/7-76-034k-Vol-1 1) Avail: NTIS HC A07/MF A01 CSCL 10A The following new process technologies and practices for the glass industry were evaluated in terms of their impact on relative process economics and their environmental/ energy consequences: (1) coal gasification. (2) direct coal firing. (3) electric melting. (4) coal, hot gas regeneration, and (5) batch preheating. ' . .GRA 384 N77-26703 N77-26689# Little (Arthur D ). Inc.. Cambridge. Mass. ENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS OF SELECTED ENERGY CONSERVING MANUFACTURING PROCESS OPTIONS. VOLUME 12: CHLOR-ALKALI INDUSTRY REPORT Final Report Dec. 1976 90 p refs (Contract EPA-68-03-2198) (PB-264278/3; EPA-600/7-76-034l-Vol-12) Avail: NTIS HC A05/MF A01 CSCL 10A' Processes for use in the chlor-alkali industry relating to diaphragm and mercury cell technology are considered, including dimensionally stable anodes, ion exchange membranes and stabilized asbestos diaphragms. These options are evaluated in terms of relative process economics and environmental/energy consequences. GRA N77-26690# Little (Arthur D.). Inc.. Cambridge. Mass. ENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS OF SELECTED ENERGY CONSERVING MANUFACTURING PROCESS OPTIONS. VOLUME 13: PHOSPHORIC ACID INDUSTRY REPORT Final Report Dec. 1976 96 p refs (Contract EPA-68-03-2198) (P8-264279/1; EPA-600/7-76-034m-Vol-13) Avail: NTIS HC A05/MF A01 CSCL 10A Different methods are evaluated for use in the phosphoric acid industry in terms of relative economics and environmental/ energy consequences. These processes include (1) chemical cleanup of wet process phosphoric acid. (2) solvent extraction process for wet process phosphoric acid. (3) byproduct sulfuric acid for wet process phosphoric acid, and (4) strong acid system for wet process phosphoric acid. GRA N77-26691# Little (Arthur D.). Inc., Cambridge. Mass. ENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS OF SELECTED ENERGY CONSERVING MANUFACTURING PROCESS OPTIONS. VOLUME 14: PRIMARY COPPER INDUSTRY REPORT Final Report Dec. 1976 144 p refs (Contract EPA-68-03-2198) (RBr264280/9; EPA-600/7-76-034n-Vol-14) Avail: NTIS HC A07/MF A01 CSCL 10A Several alternative processes are considered for use in the copper industry: (1) Outokumpu flash smelting. (2) Noranda process.O) Mitsubishi process. (4) oxygen use in smelting. (5) metal recovery from slags (flotation or electric furnace), and (6) Arbiter process. All are evaluated in terms of relative economics and environmental/energy consequences. GRA N77-26692# Little (Arthur D.). Inc.. Cambridge. Mass. . ENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS OF SELECTED ENERGY CONSERVING MANUFACTURING PROCESS OPTIONS. VOLUME 15: FERTILIZER INDUSTRY REPORT Final Report Dec. 1976 74 p (Contract EPA-68-03-2198) (PB-264281/7; EPA-600/7-76-034o-Vol-15) Avail: NTIS HC A04/MF A01 CSCL 10A The two major areas in the fertilizer industry in which energy conservation and pollution control are in conflict are examined; i.e. the reduction of nitrogen oxide emissions from nitric acid plants and switching from natural gas to fuel oil for firing fertilizer dryers where emissions are controlled by bag filters. GRA N77-26693# Mathematical Sciences Northwest, Inc.. Bellevue, Wash. A SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC IMPACT STUDY OF OFFSHORE PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS DEVELOPMENT IN ALASKA. PHASE 2 Final Report 15 Oct. 1976 391 p refs Prepared in cooperation with Human Resources Planning Inst. Seattle and Alaska Consultants. Inc.. Anchorage. ' (Contract DI-08550-CT5-46) (PB-264706/3; MSNW/AC-76-2074; BLM/SE-77-02-Pt-2) Avail: NTIS HC A17/MF A01 CSCL 10A ' . The major effort in the second phase of the study is the application of the modeling techniques used in Phase 1 to areas that have the potential for future hydrocarbon development and the projection of the nature and range of socio-economic impacts that could take place. The sites selected are located in regions that have been identified as having potentially large hydrocarbon reserves. GRA N77-26696# Office of Naval Research. London (England). INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON HYDROGEN AND ITS 'PROSPECTS W. G. Soper 31 Dec. 1976 23 p Conf. held at Liege. Belgium. .15-18 Nov. 1976 (AD-A036936: ONRL-C-49-76) Avail: NTIS , HC A02/MF A01 CSCL 21/4 Papers from the international conference 'Hydrogen and its Prospects' Liege, Belgium. 15-18 1976, are reviewed for their 'contribution to future production and utilization of hydrogen as a fuel. Principal emphasis is placed upon the production of hydrogen by electrolysis and thermochemical decomposition of water, and upon the comparison of these processes with synthetic fuel, production from fossil resources. Other topics discussed include hydrogen storage and its use as fuel in automobiles and aircraft. Author (GRA) N77-26697# Illinois Univ.. Urbana-Champaign. Center .for .Advanced Computation. "TECHNIQUES FOR THE ANALYSIS OF TOTAL ENERGY AND LABOR OF INDUSTRIAL PLANTS ' Richard E. Klein. Hasan Sehitoglu. and Bruce M. Hannon May 1976 50 p refs (Grant NSF SIA-72-03530) (PB-.264221/3: UIUC-CAC-DN-76-198; NSF/RA-760445) Avail: NTIS HC A03/MF A01 CSCL 10A A method is developed for determination of the total energv (direct plus indirect) and the labor requirements to produce a, unit of output from an industrial plant or facility. The total energy and labor requirements are determined by accounting for all energy and labor as the product or raw materials flow from the mine or other natural resource through all production and manufactures to a given production status. In this way. each manufacturing step is accounted for in its contribution to the total energy to produce a unit of product. GRA N77-26698# National Academy of Sciences - National Research Council. Washington. D. C. Committee on Renewable Resources for Industrial Materials. .THE POTENTIAL OF UGNOCELLULOSIC MATERIALS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF CHEMICALS. FUELS. AND ENERGY 1976 99 p refs (Contract NSF STP-75-10169) (PB-264458/1: NSF/PRA-7501069-4-7) Avail: NTIS HC A05/MF A01 CSCL 07A An .energy policy is analyzed. For conservation of .energy and materials the logical sequence of approaches to obtaining chemicals and polymers from lignocellulose is suggested as follows: (1) recovery of lignocellulosic chemicals from waste existing manufacturing operations now using these materials for ' other uses and from urban and agricultural solid waste, (2) conversion of cellulose, lignin and hemicelluloses and their derivatives into useful products taking advantage of their existing 'polymeric structure, and (3) conversion of cellulose, lignin and hemicelluloses into chemical intermediates which can be reassembled into useful polymers. GRA N77-26703# Los Alamos Scientific Lab.. N. Mex. AEROSOL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT RELATED TO HEALTH HAZARDS ANALYSIS Technical Report. 1 Jul. 1976 - 30 Jun. 1976 Lawrence W. Ortiz and Charles I. Fairchild Oct. 1976 21 p •refs (Contract W-7405-ENG-36; NIOSH-PrOj. R072) (LA-6539-PR) Avail: NTIS HC A02/MF A01 385 N77-26708 The paniculate filtration efficiency of industrial gas-vapor sampler tubes was determined. This filtration efficiency is of interest for work environments containing toxic vapors and particulates of the contaminant, or inert particles containing adsorbed contaminant. The sampler tubes collect from ~ 70- 90 percent of the particles entering, but only 20 percent of the total is deposited on the active sorbent (charcoal granules). 'Considerable variability in collection efficiency between tubes was observed. Recommendations are made for obtaining improved contaminant estimates using these tubes. The preliminary design of a real-time particle sizing sampler for use in coal mines is described. ERA N77-26708| Argonne National Lab.. III. AIR POLLUTION AND THE SITING OF FOSSIL FUEL POWER PLANTS Gideon Fishelson, Gordon C. Rausser. and Alan S. Cohen Jul. 1976 12 p Prepared in cooperation with Chicago Univ.. III. (Contract W-31-109-eng-38; Grants NSF AG-352: NSF GI-32989-Az) (ANL-76-XX-14) Avail: NTIS HC A02/MF A01 An analysis of the total social cost, and the trade-offs between generation/transmission and air pollution costs, for various types of fossil plants at different sites in northern Illinois are pre- sented. The analysis identifies the combinations of site, fossil fuel. and. sulfur dioxide (S02) control technology that minimize total social costs. ERA N77-26712# Oak Ridge National Lab.. Tenn. COMPARISON OF CALCULATED AND MEASURED MAXIMUM ABOVEGROUND AIR POLLUTANT CONCEN- TRATIONS AND THEIR RESPECTIVE DISTANCES FROM THE SOURCE OF RELEASE OF LARGE POWER PLANTS Heinz Fortak Dec. 1969 18 p refs Transl. into ENGLISH from Staub-Reinhalt. Luft (Duesseldorf). v. 29. no. 12. Dec. 1969 p 493-498 (ORNL-TR-4231) Avail: NTIS HC A02/MF A01 A simplified version of the theory of atmospheric diffusion is applied to simulate maximum ground-level SO2 concentrations measured near large fossil fuel power plants. The results depend strongly on the special form of the plume rise formula. Neither Csanady's original formula nor the new optimized version of it gives satisfactory results. A slight modification of the exponent in the optimized Csanady-formula however seems to simulate the measurements in the best way. ERA N77-26713# Brookhaven National Lab., Upton. N.Y. OXIDATION OF SULFUR DIOXIDE IN POWER PLANT PLUMES J. Forrest and Leonard Newman 1976 31 p refs Presented at the 69th Ann. Meeting of the AICHE. Chicago. 28 Nov. 1976 (Contract E(3Q-1)-16; EPA-IAG-D4-0391) (BNL-21698; Conf-761109-5) Avail: NTIS HC A03/MF A01 The extent of oxidation of sulfur dioxide to sulfate was measured at two coal-fired and four oil-fired power plant plumes. Samples were collected at various distances downwind of the source by employing a high-volume filter pack in a fixed-wing aircraft. Paniculate sulfur to total sulfur concentration ratios and S-34 to S-32 isotope ratios were measured and interpreted. In almost all instances essentially all of the oxidation was found to occur during the first few kilometers of plume transit and even when plumes were followed for more than 70 kilometers. In the coal-fired plumes the extent of oxidation seldom exceeded 4 percent, one-third of which could be attributed to primary sulfate production during the combustion of the coal. In the - oil-fired plumes the extent of oxidation was approximately twice that observed for coal. ERA N77-26787# Texas A&M Univ.. College Station. Dept. of Oceanography. PROCEEDINGS OF A WORKSHOP ON ENVIRONMENTAL OCEANOGRAPHY OF THE GULF OF MEXICO 1976 55 p Workshop held at College Station, Tex., 15-16 Mar. 1976 (Contract EI40-D-5017) (ORO-5017-1: Conf-760363) Avail: NTIS HC A04/MF A01 A workshop was convened to define the most critical energy-related environmental problems in the Gulf of Mexico ,and develop the framework for a program of research to solve these problems. A major and immediate concern is activity related to the oil and gas industry: production, transportation (including potential superport construction), processing, and use of petroleum-derived fuels. The problems which might be posed by the development of other potential sources of energy, such as .coastal and offshore nuclear power plants, were also given consideration. ERA N77-26816# Oak Ridge National Lab.. Tenn. Energy Div. INTERNALIZING SOCIAL COSTS IN POWER PLANT SITING: SOME EXAMPLES FOR COAL AND NUCLEAR PLANTS IN THE UNITED STATES Elizabeth Peelle 1976 27 p refs Presented at the Am. Nuclear Soc. Intern. Meeting. Washington. DC, 17 Nov. 1976 Sponsored in part by the US Nuclear Regulatory Commission (Contract W-7405-eng-26) (CONF-761103-16) Avail: NTIS HC A03/MF A01 Selected aspects of the United States experience in one particular type of energy development project, the siting of nuclear and fossil fueled power generating facilities, are examined in terms of how well community-level impacts are internalized. New institutional arrangements being devised and new requirements being made at local, state, regional, and federal levels in response to these dissociations of cost and benefits from large energy development projects are discussed. Selected examples of these new institutional responses are analyzed for adequacy and significance. •• ERA N77-26916# Energy Research and Development Administration. Washington. D.C. ENERGY AND PHYSICS P. L Kapitsa 1976 12 p refs Transl. into ENGLISH from Usp. Fiz. Nauk (USSR), v. 118, no. 2. 1976 p 307-314 (ERDA-TR-225) Avail: NTIS HC A02/MF A01 Hydrogen fuel cells are very efficient, but the extremely small rate of diffusion in electrolytes renders the energy density very small: for 100 MW of power the working area of electrodes reaches a square kilometer. Similar comments apply to direct conversion of solar energy into electricity. Solar power does not exceed 100 W/sq m, hence, to generate 100 MW one must take electricity from an area of one square kilometer, and not one of the methods of converting solar energy suggested so far can realize this such that capital expenditures can be justified. Costs must be reduced by several orders of magnitude: at least at present, the practical direct use of solar energy is unrealistic on a large scale. Use of geothermal energy requires very great areas at a depth of 10 to 15 km: the difficulties are such that the possibility of heating the required amount of water is in doubt. Damming rivers, except in mountains, and use of wind are also economically unjustified. Evidently nuclear energy is the only solution. ERA N77-26977# Bechtel Corp., San Francisco, Calif. EVALUATION OF THE TECHNICAL AND ECONOMIC FEASIBILITY OF MIRROR FUSION DEVICES Final Report Aug. 1976 191 p refs (Contract W-7405-eng-48) (UCRL-13695) Avail: NTIS HC A09/MF A01 The following four task-reports are included: 11) cost analysis of potassium vapor topping cycle and conventional steam cycle. (2) heat transport and energy conversion system analysis and conceptual cost estimate. (3) plant arrangement, and reactor containment structural design and cost estimate, and (4) coil restraint structure conceptual design and cost estimate. Each of the reports is complete in itsolf with respect to the particular task concerned. ERA 386 N77-27057 N77-26987# Colorado Univ., Boulder. APPLIED RESEARCH IN THE GENERAL AREA OF CHARGED PARTICLE CHEMISTRY RELATED TO COAL- FIRED MHD Progress Report. 1 Nov. 1976 - 30 Apr. 1976 D. W. Norcross. W. C. Lineberger. and E. C. Beaty 1976 117 p refs (Grant NSF AER-74-20552) (PB-263873/2; NSF/RA-760444) Avail. NTIS HC A06/MF A01 CSCL 07A The three major components of the present program are measurement of the thermodynamic properties of some of the most important negative ions, development and application of theoretical techniques to the determination of the contribution to the plasma conductivity of the dominant polar molecules, and the provision of a comprehensive compilation of data on molecular electron affinities and on electron collisions with atomic and molecular species peculiar to the MHD plasma. GRA N77-26988| Argonne National Lab., III. Engineering Div. EXPERIMENTAL TWO-PHASE LIQUID-METAL MAGNE- TOHYDRODYNAMIC GENERATOR PROGRAM Annual Report, Aug. 1974 - Jul. 1976 M. Petrick, G. Fabris. R. Cole, R. Hantman, E. Pierson. and J. Cutting Nov. 1976 105 p refs (Contract NAonr-16-76) (AD-A035245: ANL-ENG-76-04) Avail: NTIS HC A06/MF A01 CSCL 10/2 A new diverging-channel liquid-metal MHD generator with gas injection along the insulating walls was built and placed in operation in late 1974. This generator yielded nearly-constant liquid velocity along the channel for near-design conditions, as desired for best performance. Extensive measurements of the generator terminal and internal parameters were made over a range of gas and liquid flow rates, magnetic field strengths, and load resistance values. Data are given for generator efficiency and load voltages, and the variations along the. channel of liquid and gas velocities, pressure, local load factor, void fraction, and slip ratio. Comparisons are made with theoretical predictions. Tests made to evaluate the effectiveness of the gas injection indicated that the generator performance improved slightly as the amount of gas injected was decreased, and that the injected gas was not forming the desired pure-gas wall layer. Following this, air-water tests indicated that this was to be expected, and a one-dimensional computer model indicated that performance should be better without the partial flow obstruction of the gas injection ports. The gas injection ports 'were removed, and substantial improvement was obtained in generator performance - by far the best to date. Data comparable to that for gas injection is presented for this case. The future directions of the program, including the role of gas injection, and the modifications to the NaK-nitrogen facility are described. Author (GRA) N77-26999# Airco. Inc., Murray Hill, N. J. Central Research Labs. COMPARATIVE COST STUDY OF THE PROCESSES FOR PRODUCING NIOBIUM-TIN (Nb3 Sn) SUPERCONDUCTING TAPES FOR THEIR APPLICATION TO POWER TRANSMIS- SION LINES Final Report Oct. 1976 106 p (Contract PO-WA-76-4939) (ERDA-76-160) Avail: NTIS HC A06/MF A01 The 14 product examples studied are produced by processes involving solid-state diffusion of Sn and Nb and/or physical vapor deposition. Production of 80,000 km per year is assumed, sufficient for 100 km of 3 phase ac line. Results are summarized in a table. The table identifies the 14 product examples by method of manufacture, by the composition of the layers integrated into the tape, and by the final thickness of Nb used in 12 of the product examples. The estimated fixed capital per plant is listed for each product example together with the estimated costs of manufacture in cents per meter of tape. The total manufacturing cost given is the sum of the costs of raw materials, operating labor, depreciation, and other overhead. ERA N77-27020*# Battelle Columbus Labs.. Ohio. FACTORS AFFECTING THE CORPORATE DECISIONMAK- ING PROCESS OF AIR TRANSPORT MANUFACTURERS Final Report R. G. Ollila. J. D. Hill. B. R. Noton. M. A. Duffy, and M. M. Epstein 15 Dec. 1976 118 p refs (Contract NASw-2970) (NASA-CR-154618) Avail: NTIS HC A06/MF A01 CSCL 05A Fuel economy is a pivotal question influencing the future sale and utilization of commercial aircraft. The NASA Aircraft Energy Efficiency (ACEE) Program Office has a program intended to accelerate the readiness of advanced technologies for energy efficient aircraft. Because the decision to develop a new airframe or engine is a major financial hazard for manufacturers, it is important to know what factors influence the decision making process. A method is described for identifying and ranking individuals and organizations involved at each stage of commercial air transport development, and the barriers that must be overcome in adopting new technologies. . A.R.H. N77-27036# California Univ.. Livermore. Lawrence Livermore Lab. TRANSPORTATION-RELATED DATA BASES EXTRACTED FROM THE NATIONAL INDEX OF ENERGY AND ENVIRON- MENTAL DATA BASES. PARTI: DIGEST OF DETAILED DATA BASE DESCRIPTIONS E. W. Birss and J. W. Yeh 15 Nov. 1976 133 p (Contract W-7405-eng-48) (UCID-17316-Pt-1) Avail: NTIS HC A07/MF A01 Lawrence Livermore Laboratory (LLL) extracted a set of '.135 transportation-related data bases from a computerized national index of energy and environmental data bases which LLL had produced for the Division of Biomedical and Environmental Research of the Energy Research and Development Administration. These 135 data bases, which relate to the intersection of the energy and transportation fields, initially served as a model for designing a questionnaire for transportation-related data bases and were subsequently converted into a DOT survey data base format. A digest and detailed description of each data base is presented. The format includes: data base name, administrative control and technical content personnel, data base category, coverage and availability, hardware/software environment, documentation and application, and abstract and objectives. ERA N77-27037# California Univ., Livermore. Lawrence Livermore Lab. TRANSPORTATION-RELATED DATA BASES EXTRACTED FROM THE NATIONAL INDEX OF ENERGY AND ENVIRON- MENTAL DATA BASES. PART 2: DETAILED DATA BASE DESCRIPTIONS E. W. Birss and J. W. YeJ) 15 Nov. 1976 277 p (Contract W-7405-eng-48) (UCID-17316-Pt-2) Avail: NTIS HC A13/MF A01 For abstract, see N77-27036." N77-27038# World Meteorological Organization, Geneva (Switzerland). WEATHER. CLIMATE AND HUMAN SETTLEMENTS . 'H. E. Landsberg 1976 55 p ' ' (WMO-448; SER-7 : ISBN-92-63-10448-4) Avail: NTIS HC A04/MF A01 The role weather and climate play in urban planning and in the development of new settlements is described. In particular the following aspects are considered: weather disasters such as storms and floods: climate and energy use: climate and building construction: air pollution: climate and land use: climate and recreation: and the effects of urbanization on climate. ESA N77-27057# Wisconsin Univ., Madison. CALCULATION OF MONTHLY AVERAGE INSOLATION ON TILTED SURFACES 387 N77-27104 S. A. Klein 1976 14 p Presented at Joint Conf. of the Amer. Sect, of the Intern. Solar Energy Soc. and the Solar Energy Soc. of Canada. Inc.. Winnipeg. Manitoba. Can.. 15 Aug. 1976 (Contract EY-76-S-02-2588) (CONF-760842-15) Avail: NTIS HC A02/MF A01 Several simplified design procedures for solar energy systems require monthly average meteorological data. Monthly average daily totals of the solar radiation incident on a horizontal surface are available. However, radiation data on tilted surfaces, required by the design procedures, are generally not available. A simple method of estimating the average daily radiation for each calendar month on surfaces facing directly towards the equator was presented. The method is verified with experimental measurements and extended to allow calculation of monthly average radiation on surfaces of a wide range of orientations. The results are presented in analytic and tabular form for latitudes ranging from 25 deg to 55 deg, surface azimuth angles of + or - 45 deg. and for collector slopes within the range of practical interest. ERA N77-271O4*# Boeing Vertol Co.. Philadelphia, Pa. IDENTIFYING AND ANALYZING METHODS FOR REDUC- ING THE ENERGY CONSUMPTION OF HELICOPTERS S. Jon Davis and Harold J. Rosenstein Dec. 1976 22 p (Contract NAS1-13624) (NASA-CR-144953A) Avail. NTIS HC A02/MF A01 CSCL QIC Reductions in helicopter energy consumption can be ac- complished through the use of advanced technology in the areas of powerplant design, improved rotor efficiency, reduced parasite drag, and reduced structural empty weight. Baseline helicopters incorporating technology were designed for a short range (200 n mi) and a very short haul (100 n mi) mission scenario. Parametric analyses were then conducted to determine the impact of technology improvement. Many of the parameters varied are interrelated. A summary of such interactions is presented, and some additional sensitivity values,were added so that energy reduction and DOC as affected by the major technological factors or operational modes are clearly.defined. Author N77-27152# Army Natick Research and Development Command, Mass. OPERATION OF MILITARY FIELD HEATING EQUIPMENT USING SOLID FUELS Final Report Cornelius J. McKeown Mar. 1977 45 p refs (AD-A037121; NARADCOM-TR-76-61-AMEL) Avail: NTIS HC A03/MF A01 CSCL 21/4 In view of the present energy crisis and its impact on the use of liquid fuel, this project was undertaken to survey the present military heating equipment to determine its capabilities for burning solid fuels. This report describes standard military equipment and components for heating in field operations with solid fuel. Included in the report is a discussion of the handling and burning characteristics of solid fuels. The report concludes with twenty-two recommendations that should be considered. The increasing demand of liquid fuel needed for military combat equipment plus the uncertain supply of liquid fuel could result in a drastic reduction in the amount of liquid fuel available for field heating. Author (GRA) N77-27157*# Martin Marietta Corp., Denver. Colo. ORBITAL CONSTRUCTION SUPPORT EQUIPMENT Final Report Jun. 1977 437 p tefs (Contract NAS9-15120) (NASA-CR 151460; MCR-77-234) Avail: NTIS HC A19/MF A01 CSCL 22A ' ' Approximately 200 separate construction steps were defined for the three solar power satellite (SPS) concepts. Detailed construction scenarios were developed which describe the specific tasks to be accomplished, and identify general equipment lequiremen'.s The scenarios were used to perform a functional analysis, which resulted in the definition of 100 distinct SPS elements. These elements are the components, parts, subsystems, or assemblies upon which construction activities take place. The major SPS elements for each configuration are shown. For those elements, 300 functional requirements were identified in seven generic processes. Cumulatively, these processes encompass all functions required during SPS construction/assembly. Individually each process is defined such that it includes a specific type of activity. Each SPS element may involve activities relating to any or all of the generic processes. The processes are listed, and examples of the requirements defined for a typical element are given. Author N77-27161*# National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, Houston. Tex. STUDY OF LYNDON B. JOHNSON SPACE CENTER UTILITY SYSTEMS Tony E. Redding and William C. Huber Jun. 1977 127 p refs INASA-TM-58196) .Avail: NTIS HC A07/MF A01 CSCL 14B The results of an engineering study of potential energy saving utility system modifications for the NASA Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center are presented. The objective of the study was to define and analyze utility options that would provide facility energy savings in addition to the approximately 25 percent already achieved through an energy loads reduction program. A system-, engineering approach was used to determine total system energy and cost savings resulting from each of the ten major options investigated. The results reported include detailed cost analyses and cost comparisons of various options. Cost are projected to the year 2000 Also included are a brief description of a mathematical model used for the analysis and the rationale used for a site survey to select buildings suitable for analysis. Author N77-27194# Oak Ridge Y-12 Plant. Tenn. Dept. of Fabrication Systems Development. COMPOSITE FLYWHEEL DEVELOPMENT Technical Report, 1 May - 30 Jun. 1976 R. L Huddleston, J. J. Kelly, and C. E. Knight Jan. 1977 26 p refs (Contract W-7405-eng-26) (Y-2072) Avail: NTIS HC A03/MF A01 Composite flywheel program objectives and accomplishments for the period from May 1 through June 30, 1976 are summarized. Initial application selected for the development of the composite flywheel is the heat engine flywheel hybrid propulsion system for a vehicle, because of its high potential for the conservation of petroleum fuel in both the near and long range time frames.. Efforts focused into key areas consistent with its experience base are: (1) state-of-the-art flywheel development, (2) spin testing, and (3) containment development. An operating performance goal of 20 watt hr/lb (20 Wh/lb) energy density at an energy level of 0.56 kWh was established. The 20 Wh/lb goal encompasses both the composite flywheel and the hub that connects it to the shaft. The goal exceeds the present performance of isotropic flywheels, and is also at the upper limit of current laboratory technology. ERA N77-27242*# Kanner (Leo) Associates. Redwood City. Calif. THERMAL STABILITY IMPROVEMENT OF DIESEL FUELS OF ISOPROPYLOCTADECYLAMINE V. M. Shchagin and V. N. Zreloy Washington NASA Jun. 1977 6 p refs Transl. into ENGLISH from Neftepererabotka i Neftekhimiya (Moscow), no. 4. 1975 p 6-7 (Contract NASw-2790) (NASA-TT-F-17300) Avail: NTIS HC A02/MF A01 CSCL 210 The stability of the fuels was increased considerably by adding 0.05 wt.% isopropyl octadecylamine. giving no deposit after 4 hr heating at 150 deg. Loess dust (10 mg/ml fuel), introduced as road impurity into the fuel, had no effect on the stability. Author N77-27243*# Scientific Translation Service. Santa Barbara. Calif. EFFECT OF NITROGENOUS BASES ON THE THERMAL STABILITY OF JET FUELS 388 N77-27316 B. A. Englin. M. P. Alekseyeva, Zh. I. Casanova, A. V. Isaev. G. B. Skovorodin, and S. M. Bprisova Washington NASA Jul. 1977 6 p refs Trans), into ENGLISH from Nefteperera i Neftekhim. (Moscow), no. 3, 1973 p 9-11 . ~ (Contract NASw-2791) (NASA-TM-75131) Avail: NTIS HC A02/MF A01 CSCL 21D Fuels from naphthenic petroleums were evaluated, and it was found that they had more N bases than those paraffinic ones (0.00024 and 0.000009% N. respectively). The removal of the N bases improved significantly the thermal stability and reduced the residue formatiorv'during oxidation of the fuel. The improvement depended on both content and composition of the bases. Thus, fuels with similar content of N bases (0.00058% N) and thermal stability had oxidation residues of 17.5 and 5.6 and sol. gum of 13 and 1.5 mg/100 ml. before and after removing the N bases, respectively. ' Author N77-27246))/ Energy Research and Development Administration, Bartlesville, Okla. Bartlcsville Energy Research Center. EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS USING METHANOL AND METHANOL/GASOLINE BLENDS AS AUTOMOTIVE ENGINE FUEL J. R. Allsup Jan. 1977 87 p refs (BERC/RI-76/15) Avail. NTIS HC A05/MF A01 Comparative emission and fuel energy economy data were generated using 1975 model vehicles adjusted for gasoline fuel and using gasoline and gasoline blended with 5 and 10 percent methanol: tests were made at temperatures of 20, 75. 'and 100 F on a chassis dynamometer in a climate controlled test chamber. Results suggest that emissions and fuel energy economy are generally affected to the extent that methanol addition affects air-fuel stoichiometry. fuel heat content, and fuel vapor pressure. Vehicle emissions and fuel economy were essentially unchanged during approximately 7.500 miles of road testing; no engine or fuel system component failures were encountered during that testing. Road octane measurements were made for the fuels containing 5. 10. and 15 percent methanol in base gasolines of 84. 87, and 91 research octane quality.'Results show significantly better octane improvement in blending methanol with the lower octane fuels as compared with the improvement in blending with the higher octane fuels. GRA N77-27246| Bureau of Mines, Bartlesville, Okla. i METHANOL AS AUTOMOTIVE FUEL PART 1: STRAIGHT METHANOL ': R. D. Gleming arid T. W. Chamberlain 1976 24 p refs Presented at Automotive Eng. Corigr. and Exposition, Detroit, 24 Feb. 1975 (CONF-750264-1) Avail: NTIS HC A02/MF A0.1 Methanol was studied as an automotive fuel using a single-cylinder research engine, a 4-cylinder 122-CID (2.00O cc) engine, and an 8-cylinder 350-CID engine. Results showed that when using methanol as fuel, the single-cylinder engine could operate leaner than the' murticylinder engines. This difference is attributable to air-fuel mixture mal-distribution associated with the multicylinder engines. Steady-state fuel economy and emissions data are presented and discussed. Results indicate that fuel economy (on an energy input basis) using methanol fuel is about 5 percent improved as compared to gasoline fuel economy and with substantially lower nitrogen oxides emissions for methanol. ERA N77-27247# McKee (Arthur G.) and Co.. Cleveland, Ohio. UTILIZATION OF LOW AND INTERMEDIATE BTU GAS FROM COAL FOR IRON ORE PELLETIZING R. A. Ashworth, K. C. Vyas. arid D. G. Bonamer Mar. 1977 283 p (Contract DI-BM-J0255021) (PB-264702/2; BM-OFR-36-77) Avail: NTIS HC A13/MF A01 CSCL 11F Technical and economic feasibility of gasification of low rank solid fuels to provide fuel gas for firing iron ore pelletizing furnaces in northern'Minnesota are discussed. Comparisons are made of several types of gasification facilities at individual pellet plants. Costs of retrofitting to grate kiln, traveling grate, and shaft type furnaces are compared. GRA N77-27249# Oak Ridge National Lab., Tenn. CRYOGENIC POWER TRANSMISSION TECHNOLOGY: CRYOGENIC DIELECTRICS Quarterly Report. 1 Apr. - 30 Jun. 1976 Dec. 1976 44 p refs (Contract W-7405-eng-26) (ORNL-TM-5608: QR-14) Avail: NTIS HC A03/MF A01 Partial discharge characteristics of three-layer polymer samples, impregnated with helium in a wide range of pressure, and temperature (0.3-1.5 MPa and 4.2-12 K). are reported. Electrode-adjacent and mid-dielectric butt gaps are investigated. Results of PD measurements conducted on embossed films and on a sample with a shielded butt gap are discussed. DC dielectric strength measurements on two layers of cellulose paper, impregnated by helium at 1 MPa and 12 K. are reported. Flashover problems, encountered with dc measurements on polymer films, are also summarized. Results of low temperature resistivity measurments made on a conducting paper are given. Experimental plans for the forthcoming and final quarter of the program are presented. ERA N77-27311# Los Alamos Scientific Lab.. N. Mex. DESIGN OF MULTIFILAMENTARY Nb3Sn SUPERCONDUC- TOR TAILORED TO THE REQUIREMENTS OF A DC SUPERCONDUCTING POWER TRANSMISSION LINE H. L Laquer 1976 13 p refs Presented at ASM Conf. on Manuf. of Superconducting Materials, Port Chester, N. Y.~. 8 Nov. 1976 (Contract W-7405-eng-36) (LA-UR-77-99) Avail: NTIS HC A02/MF A01 There are at least four fundamentally different layouts for Cu-stabilized multifilamentary Nb3Sn superconductors. Multiple stacking further increases the possible permutations and combinations. The basic designs with respect to compound formation, stability, reduction of current transfer resistances, flexibility, and wire strain are analyzed. As a result, a .very limited number of geometries for the conductor that will be suitable for use in the subcables of a dc superconducting power transmission line operating in the 10 to 14 K range and at the relatively low self-fields of 0.2 to 0.6 T are specified. ' ERA N77-27312# Sandia Labs!. Albuquerque. N. Mex: ' ' THE 275 DEG C MICROCIRCUITRY: RESISTORS. CAPACITORS. CONDUCTORS. SUBSTRATES, AND BONDING ' David W. Palmer and Glen L. Knauss Dec. 1976 !,60 p refs (Contract E(29-1)-789) (SAND-76-0611) Avail: NTIS HC A04/MF A01 Commercially available resistors, capacitors, substrates, conductors, and bonding techniques were tested over the temperature range of 25-300 C. Thick film resistors were found to have'a total change in resistance of 1-5% from 25-300 C, and a resistance drift of less than 1% during 1,000 rTours at 300 C. Several types of capacitors were found that showed total capacitance change from 25 to 300 C of about 5%, high temperature dissipation factors of less than 10%. 300 C insulation resistances of 10 megohm-microfarad, and high temperature lifetimes greater than 1,000 hours. Polyimide board with Ni plated Cu cladding, and alumina ceramic with thick film Pt-Au conductor paths were shown to be suitable for high temperature microcircuit frameworks. ERA N77-27316# Gordian Associates, Inc., New York. STRUCTURAL REFORM IN THE ELECTRIC POWER INDUSTRY Final Report Feb. 1977 97 p refs (Contract FEA-CO-05-50152-00) (PB-264589/3; FEA/G-76/323) Avail: NTIS HC A05/MF A01 CSCL 13B The long-term capability of the electric power industry and its associated regulatory institutions to operate efficiently and effectively under a wide range of possible demand conditions is investigated. GRA 389 N77-27326 N77-27326# National Bureau of Standards, Boulder. Colo. Cryogenics Div. HELIUM RESEARCH IN SUPPORT OF SUPERCONDUCTING POWER TRANSMISSION Annual Report. Jul. 1975 - Sep. 1976 M. C. Jones. V. D. Arp, W. R. Parrish, D. E. Daney. and P. R. Ludtke Feb. 1977 100 p refs (Contract EI49-D-3800) (PB-265076/0; NBSIR-77-853; CONS-3800-1car-2) Avail: NTIS HC A05/MF A01 CSCL 09C Results are presented from experimental and computer modeling of the performance of current leads cooled with supercritical helium gas. Performance characteristics studied are burn-out conditions and existence of oscillation in the helium gas Conclusions are given on the feasibility of data transmission [from high voltage regions to grounded read-out instrumentation, on thermometry, and- on helium impurity measurements. Test results of microwave cavity pressure transducers for use at helium temperatures are discussed along with computer codes for helium properties and data on the thermal conductivity or helium. A flow facility built for research on flow and heat transfer dynamics of supercritical helium in channels of high aspect ratio modeling superconducting power transmission line channels is described.'1 GRA N77^27410jjl Chrysler Corp., Detroit. Mich. BASELINE GAS TURBINE DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM Quarterly Progress Report F. W. Schmidt and C. E. Wagner 30 Jul. 1976 50 p of'future imports to the northeast region, cost projections, and'secondary benefits. / • ERA N77-27526# AiResearch- Mfg. Co!. Phoenixi Ariz. .' "• PRELIMINARY FAILURE MODES. EFFECTS AND CRITICAL ITY ANALYSIS (FMECA) OF THE BRAYTON ISOTOPE POWER SYSTEM (BIPS) GROUND DEMONSTRATION SYSTEM L. G. Miller 1 Juri. 1976 47 p refs (Contract EY-76-C-03-1123) ' (TID-27301. . AiResearch-76-311965) Avail: NTIS HC A03/MF A01 . - A Faijure Modes, Effects and Criticality Analysis (FMECA) was made of the Brayton Isotope Power System Ground Demonstration System (BIPS-GDS). Details of the analysis are discussed. The BIPS-.FS FMECA was reviewed and determined ' to be essentialjy current. . ERA N77-27527# California Univ.. Livermore. Lawrence Liverrhore Lab. WIND POWER STUDIES: REGIONAL WIND ENERGY MEASUREMENTS Progress Report. Jul. - Sep. 1976 Donald M. Hardy 1 Nov. 1976 12 p refs ; ' (Contract W-7405-eng-48) ' IUCRL-50034-76-4) Avail: NTIS HC A02/MF A01 The wind power field measurement program which .is being conducted in conjunction with numerical analyses 'Of regional wind energy is discussed. Early examples of data collected in the program are given, including data confirming the existence of a broad area of high wind speeds which were predicted in previous numerical analyses.' The measurement program is described, and plans for further numerical analysis and the continuation of the measurement program are discussed. ERA N77 27533# - Wisconsin Univ.. Madison. PARAMETRIC STUDY OF CRITICAL FUEL COSTS FOR SOLAR HEATING IN NORTH AMERICA J. A. Duffie. W. A. Reckman. and M. J. Brandemuehl 1976 13 p Presented at Joint Conf of the Amer. Sec. of the Intern. Solar Energy Soc. and the Solar Energy Soc. of Canada. Inc., Winnipeg Manitoba. Canada. 15 Aug. 1976 (Contract EY-76-S-02-2588) (CONF-760842-12) Avail: NTIS HC. A02/MF A01 Critical fuel energy cost, C/sub F/, is defined as the cost) of delivered energy from conventional sources below which heat from optimized solar systems is-more expensive than heat frorri conventional sources. The critical fuel energy cost is a usefur index to assess the feasibility of solar heating in any location or region. A method is presented for estimating C/sub F/ fo 392 N77-27542 particular locations, buildings, solar collectors, and solar heating system costs. Tables are presented which permit determination of C/sub F/ as a .function of system costs for 96 stations in the United States and Canada. Examples of C/sub S/ are shown for two of these stations. ERA N77-27534# Wisconsin Univ., Madison. Solar Energy Lab. SIMULATION STUDY OF SEVERAL SOLAR HEATING SYSTEMS WITH OFFPEAK AUXILIARY P. J. Hughes. W. A. Beckman. and J. A. Duffie 1976 19 p refs Presented at Joint Conf. of the Amer. Sec. of the Intern. Solar Energy Soc. and the Solar Energy Soc. of Canada. Inc., Winnipeg. Manitoba. Canada, 15 Aug. 1976 (Contract EY-76-S-02-2588) (CONF-760842-13) Avail: NTIS HC A02/MF A01 Solar air heating systems are' compared using simulation methods. Two basic types of offpeak systems have been studied: Systems 1 and 2 which separate the storage of auxiliary and solar energy, and Systems 3 and 4, which store all energy in the same pebble bed. Simulation methods are used to determine the effect of system 'configuration, collector loss coefficient, controls, storage size and collector flow rate on system perform- ance. : . ERA N77-27535# Wisconsin Univ., Madison. Solar Energy Lab. REVIEW OF SOLAR COOLING J. A. Duffie and W. A. Beckman 1976 14 p refs Presented at Joint Conf. of the Amer. Sect. • of the Intern. Solar, Energy Soc.-and the -Solar • Energy Soc. of Canada. Inc., Winnipeg. Manitoba, Canada, 15 Aug. ,1976. ... (Contract-EY-76-S-02-2588) . ' (CONF-760842-9) Avail: NTIS HC A02/MF A01 The future of cooling is linked to component (collector and storage) development. It is also closely interrelated with developments in solar heating as the economics of the two processes appear to be better than that of either one alone. ERA N77-27536# Argonne National Lab.. III.. DESIGN PROBLEMS ASSOCIATED WITH THE USE OF EVACUATED GLASS RECEIVERS FOR SOLAR COLLEC- TORS " , J. W. Allen, W. S. Schertz, and N. M. Leyitz .1976. 18 p , refs Presented at 21st Synip. of! the Amer. Sci. .Glassblowers Soc.. Chicago, III., 7 Jun. 1976 , (Contract W-31-109-eng-38) . - . - . ' . (CONF-7606128-1). Avail: NTIS HCA02/MF.A01 .The design of evacuated receivers being used-with a compound, parabolic concentrator (CPC) is discussed, and means of minimizing optical and thermal losses are described. Emphasis is. placed on the identification of problems that need attention by the glass .industry. An evacuated receiver designed for use with, a. lightweight, thermoformed plastic 3x CPC is used as an example. ERA N77-27538# Edgerton, Germeshausen and Grier, Inc., Idaho Falls. Idaho. GEOTHERMAL R AND D PROJECT Technical Report. 1 Apr. - 30 Jun. 1976 J. F. Kunze. ed. Oct. 1976 59 p refs (Contract EY-76-C-07-1570) (TREE-1008) Avail: NTIS HC A08/MF A01 Progress during April to July 1976 in research on geothermal energy is reported. The experiments are performed in the Raft River Valley, Idaho, a hydrothermal resource site with water temperatures below 150 C. During this period, a third well, RRGE-3 was drilled, and well production was tested, testing of a direct contact heat exchanger continued, design and cost estimating continued on. a 40 MW (th) organic-binary heat exchange facility, agricultural studies of irrigation .with geother- mal water, progressed, and down-hole data was obtained from FRGE-3.' " " ERA N77'-27639# General Atomic Co.. San Diego. Calif. GAS TURBINE HTGR PROGRAM Quarterly Progress and Task Closeout Report, for period ending 30 Sep. 1976 Oct. 1976 248 p refs (Contract £(04-31-0167) (GA-A-14097) Avail: NTIS HCA11/MFA01 A status summary of the research and development of the power plant is presented. The basis for the performance estimates at 850 C and 950 C core outlet temperatures, overall plant efficiency of over 50 percent for the latter case as a binary-cycle plant, and component design requirements for the elevated temperature case and the conceptual designs at various ammonia bottoming-cycle components are described. A review of plant safety is presented,. including that for the binary-cycle plant. Mechanically and aerodynamically improved designs for the turbomachines are described, based upon test data from the FT-50 engine, from use of a welded turbine rotor, from mounting two compressor stages per disk, and from alternate material selection. Studies of a core having an outlet temperature of 950 C and favorable conversion ratio and neutronics are described. Control studies, fission product plateout studies, and material testing in helium are summarized. Balance-of-plant layouts and requirements are described. Advances in PCRV and internals are discussed. The status of heat exchangers and control valves is reviewed. ERA N77-2754O# Wisconsin Univ.. Madison. PERFORMANCE OF A SOLAR HEATING SYSTEM UTILIZ- ING PHASE-CHANGE ENERGY STORAGE D.J. Morrison and S. I. Abdel-Khalik 1976 14 p refs Presented at Joint Conf. of the Amer. Sec. of the Intern. Solar Energy Soc. and the Solar Energy Soc. of Canada, Inc., Winnipeg, Manitoba. Canada. 15 Aug. 1976 (Contract EY-76-S-02-2588) (CONF-760842-11) Avail: NTIS HC A02/MF A01 A model describing the transient behavior of a phase-change energy storage (PCES) unit is presented. Simulation techniques are used in conjunction with this model to determine the performance of a solar air-heating system utilizing PCES. The effects of storage size and heat transfer characteristics on the system performance are investigated. Optimum ranges of storage sizes are given for systems with paraffin wax and sodium sulfate decahydrate as storage media. Comparison is made between two similar systems with sensible heat and solar-supplied'fraction of the load over the heating season are given for both systems. Actual weather data for the Madison area are used in these simulations. ' ERA N77-27541# Sandia Labs.. Albuquerque. N. Mex. NONBIOLOGICAL PHOTOCHEMICAL ENERGY CONVER- SION. CAN IT COMPETE R. W. Harrigan 1976 24 p refs Presented at Amer. Chem. Soc. Pacific Conf.. Phoenix. Ariz.. 7 Nov. 1976 (Contract E(29-1)-789) (SAND-76-5763. Conf-761135-1) Avail: NTIS HC A02/MF A01 • The results of an analysis of a combined photovoltaic/ thermal system applied to meeting a community energy demand are reported. ERA N77-27542# Federal Energy Administration. Washington. D. C. Office of Coal Utilization. COAL CONVERSION PROGRAM. ENERGY SUPPLY AND ENVIRONMENTAL COORDINATION ACT (AS AMENDED). SECTION 2 Feb. 1977 622 p refs ;: ... (PB-265815/1: FEA/G-77/061; DES-77/3) Avail: NTIS HC A99/MF A01 CSCL 13B The Federal Energy Administration's authorities under ESECA are discussed. These include prohibiting fossil fuel fired facilities from burning natural gas or petroleum products as their primary energy source. The agency also has the power to require facilities in the early planning process to be built with the capability of burning coal. The probable environmental impacts associated with issuing such'orders are considered. GRA 393 N77-27545 N77-27545# Argonne National Lab.. III. Solar Energy Group. INSTRUMENTATION FOR MEASURING DIRECT AND DIFFUSE INSOLATION IN TESTING THERMAL COLLEC- TORS Kent A. Reed 1976 11 p refs Presented at 20th Ann. SPIE Tech. Symp. on the Appl. and Util. of Opt.. Electro-Opt.. Laser and Phot. Technol., San Diego, Calif.. 23-27 Aug. 1976 '(Contract W-31-109-eng-38) (CONF-760832-23) Avail: NTIS HC A02/MF A01 The use of pyranometers to measure the total insolation as well as the insolation within specified angular fields of view, together with a normal incidence pyrheliometer to measure the direct beam component, is described. The instrument calibration procedure is discussed, and data are presented. ERA N77 27546# Battelle Pacific Northwest Labs.. Richland. Wash. OPTIMIZATION TECHNIQUE FOR GEOTHERMAL POWER PLANTS USING A BINARY FLUID CYCLE S. W. Wilson and R. A. Walter Oct. 1976 33 p refs (Contract EY-76-C-06-1830) (BNWL-2155) Avail: NTIS HC A03/MF A01 A comprehensive computer model of a binary fluid cycle power plant for use with geothermal resources, was developed. This computer model can be used to assess the technical and economic feasibility of the geothermal resource and to aid in the design of binary power plants. An optimization technique was developed to rapidly select the power plant design with the highest utilization efficiency based upon the maximum use of available energy in the geothermal field. This optimization technique has shown a close correlation with the minimum cost of power and can be used to easily select a minimum cost geothermal plant design knowing the geothermal fluid temperature, the prevailing ambient temperature for heat rejection, and the selected working fluid. ERA N77-27547jjl Argonne National Lab.. III. Energy and Environmen- tal Systems Div. ASSESSMENT OF ENERGY STORAGE TECHNOLOGIES AND SYSTEMS. PHASE 1: ELECTRIC STORAGE HEATING. STORAGE AIR CONDITIONING. AND STORAGE HOT WATER HEATERS J. Asbury. R. Giese. S. Nelson, L. Akridge (TRW Energy Systems Group. McLean. Va.). P. Graf (TRW Energy Systems Group. McClean, Va.). and K. Heitner (TRW Energy Systems Group. McLean. Va.) Aug. 1976 78 p refs (Contract W-31-109-eng-38) (ANL-ES-54) Avail: NTIS HC A05/MF A01 The commercial feasibility of thermal energy storage (TES) in buildings is analyzed. TES applications examined include storage electric (resistance) heating, storage air conditioning, and storage hot water heating. A system model. SIMSTOR, is employed to simulate TES-related effects upon daily and annual utility load profiles and to compare utility fuel and capital cost savings with TES-system costs. Case-study analyses of TES applications for a representative set of utility service areas indicate that several already and near-commercial TES systems are cost-effective. Alternative strategies to commercialize these systems are examined and the preferred strategies are identified. ERA N77-27548# California Univ., Livermore. Lawrence Livermore Lab. HYDROGEN STORAGE BY BINARY AND TERNARY INTERMETALUCS FOR ENERGY APPLICATIONS: A REVIEW H. W. Newkirk 2 Aug. 1976 98 p refs Supersedes UCRL-51244 (Contract W-7405-eng-48) (UCRL-52110; UCRL-51244) Avail: NTIS HC A05/MF A01 Binary and ternary intermetallic compounds are being considered as a possible solution to storage problems in the use of hydrogen as an alternative fuel f/~" many applications. For selected systems, this report reviews and summarizes theories of storage optimization, experimental procedures, property data, potential applications for stationary and mobile energy storage. resource and economic analyses, and safety factors. The systems surveyed are those binary, ternary, and complex intermetallic compounds containing a member of the transition element series, a member of the rare earth series, and/or a member of the actinide series. ERA N77-27549# Wilson. Jones. Morton and Lynch, San Mateo. Calif. SANTA CLARA. CALIFORNIA. COMMUNITY CENTER. COMMERCIAL SOLAR DEMONSTRATION LEGAL ALTER- NATIVES. IMPLICATIONS. AND FINANCING OF SOLAR HEATING AND COOLING BY A MUNICIPAL CORPORA- TION Sharon. S. White. T. S. Owen, R. A. Ryan. T. A. Scott. S. F. Lucey. K. I. Jones, and P. D. Assaf Sep. 1976 135 p refs Sponsored in part by the City of Santa Clara (Contract E(04-3)-1083) (SAN/1083-76/1) Avail: NTIS HC A07/MF A01. The legal issues confronting municipal corporations who propose to provide for solar energy utilization within their ! jurisdictions are many. Generally, however, such issues may be resolved in favor of most proposed forms of utilization based upon traditional legal principles. Threshold issues confronting any municipal utilization relate to the impact purpose. Previous judicial decisions indicate that an action by a private utility against, a municipal corporation based upon impairment of contract, taking of property without compensation, unfair competition or antitrust violation would not be successful. ERA N77-27550# Martin Marietta Corp.. Denver. Colo. , CENTRAL RECEIVER SOLAR THERMAL POWER SYSTEM. PHASE 1 Final Quarterly Progress Report, period ending , 31 Mar. 1976 Oct. 1976 118 p (Contract EI04-31-1110) (SAN/1110-76/1: MCR-76-131) Avail: NTIS HC A06/MF A01 : Both twenty-five mirror* and nine mirror heliostats were designed for the collector subsystem. The detail design of the 5 MW research experiment receiver was further developed. A preliminary draft of the detailed test plan for the receiver subsystem research experiment was prepared and the detailed design of . the thermal storage subsystem continued. A preliminary environ- mental analysis was completed for the pilot plant. Optimization studies of the electrical power generation system were initiated. A preliminary cost analysis was prepared for the 10 MWe central receiver solar thermal pilot plant. This task required the development of a cost accounting structure and a definition of all of the costs associated with the design, construction, checkout, and two year test of the pilot plant. ERA N77-27551# Martin Marietta Corp., Denver. Colo.' - CENTRAL RECEIVER SOLAR THERMAL POWER SYSTEM. ' PHASE 1 Final Quarterly Progress Report, period ending 30Jun. 1976 Oct. 1976 128 p (Contract E(04-3)-1110) (SAN/1110-76/2; MCR-76-296) Avail: NTIS . HC A07/MF A01 Effort was continued in the evaluation of pilot plant start transients. Both warm and hot starts from thermal storage were evaluated as was a cold start from the receiver. In the collector subsystem experiment, the heliostat structures and drive mechanisms were completed and delivered. The detail design of the 5 MW receiver experimental was completed. In the thermal storage subsystem the detail design of the experiment was completed. A final selection of the heat transport media was made with Hitec selected as the molten salt and Caloria HT-43 selected as the hydrocarbon oil. Bechtel continued its efforts in the optimization of the electrical power generation subsystem. • ERA 394 N77-27603 N77-27653# Sandia Labs.. Albuquerque. N. Mex. HYDROGEN COMPATIBILITY OF STRUCTURAL MATERI- ALS FOR ENERGY STORAGE AND TRANSMISSION APPLICATIONS. Semiannual Report, period ending 1 Oct. 1976 S. L. Robinson, comp. Dec. 1976 69 p refs (Contract EI29-11-789) (SAND-76-8255) Avail: NTIS HC A04/MF A01 The suitability of commercial alloys for containment of hydride-dehydride reactions was assessed, and recommendations for materials selection based upon tensile and slow crack growth tests were made. A series of.-in situ test specimens was prepared for exposure to a cyclic iron-titanium hydride environment. A preliminary welding specification for containment of hydrogen in structural mild steels was developed. Hydrogen permeation resistant coatings, applied, by pyrolysis of silane and brush electroplating, were developed. Environmentally assisted, cyclic fatigue in high pressure hydrogen was identified as a potential hazard to the integrity of flawed pressure vessels in materials where slow crack growth under a constant load is not, expect- ed. ' . ' ' ' ERA N77-27654# Waterloo Univ. (Ontario). STUDIES ON METHODS OF REDUCING HEAT LOSSES FROM FLAT PLATE SOLAR COLLECTORS Progress Report. 1 Aug. 1974 -31 Jan. 1976 K. G. T. Hollands. G. D; Raithby/ and T. E. Unny Jun. 1976 137 p refs ' ' " (Contract E(11-11-2597) (COO-2597-2) Avail: NTIS HC A07/MF A01 Improvements to flat plate solar collectors for'heating and cooling of buildings were'evaluated through three parallel studies. The first study has demonstrated suppression of free convection by a honeycomb a*, all angles of inclination. Reductions by a factor of 5 in the free convective heat loss are reported, and equations and charts permitting the rational design of honey- combs for convection suppression in solar collectors are presented. The second study has resulted in a precise, easily programmable set of equations for the free convective heat loss .through the air gaps in flat.plate.solar, collectors, for any angle of tilt. The third, study has theoretically and experimentally demonstrated that the solar transmittance of a flat transparent cover for a solar collector, can be very substantially increased by V-corrugating. Since V-corrugating should 'also decrease the free convective and radiant losses, substantial improvements in collector efficiency are predicted, ... . . , , , ERA N77:27659# Federal Energy Administration, Washington, D. C. .Office of Management and Administration. .... [MID-TERM AND LONG TERM ENERGY TRENDS] Annual Report, 1975 - 1976 Jan. 1977 164 p (PB-264740/2; FEA/F-77/089) Avail: NTIS HC A08/MF A01 CSCL 10A Positive energy accomplishments -for the Nation and her citi2ens in Fiscal Year 1976 are described. The mid-term outlook and tong-term trends for the various energy sources are noted. A list of contracts awarded and a summary of information- gathering activities are included. GRA N77-2756O# Federal Power Commission, .Washington, D. C. Bureau of Power. FACTORS AFFECTING THE ELECTRIC POWER SUPPLY. 1980-85: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDA- TIONS 1 .Dec., 1976 55 p refs (PB-264760/0) .Avail: .NTIS .HC A04/MF A01 CSCL 10B ,. The overall nationwide supply of electric power and major potential problems which can adversely affect regional power supplies during the 1980-1985 period are discussed. GRA. N77-27661# Maine Univ., Orono. Dept. of Electrical Engineering. TERNARY COMPOUND THIN FILM SOLAR CELLS - I Quarterly Report. 1 Sep. - 31 Dec. 1976 L. L. Kazmerski Jan. 1977 68 p refs Sponsored in part by ERDA (Grant NSF AER-75-19576-A01) (PB-265003/4; NSF/RA-760448: QR-1) Avail: NTIS HC A04/MF A01 CSCL 10B The electrical properties - mobility, conductivity, carrier type and carrier concentration - are reported. A thin-film CdS/CulnTe2 heterojunction has been fabricated. Dark IV-characteristics are presented for in-situ provided devices. The photovoltaic effect for this heterostructure is discussed. Finally, the fabrication and characterization of n.p-CulnS2 thin film homojunction solar cells are presented. GRA N77-27562# Economic Research Service.'Washington, D. C. ENERGY AND US AGRICULTURE. 1974 DATA BASE. VOLUME 1. PART A: US SERIES OF ENERGY TABLES. PART B: STATE SERIES OF ENERGY TABLES R. T. VanArsdale and E. Rail Sep. 1976 266 p (PB-264449/0; FEA/D-76/459) Avail: NTIS HC A12/MF A01 CSCL 02D Energy consumption estimates are presented for both national and state levels by fuel type, fertilizer and pesticides, by commodity, by month, and by categories of functional use, including irrigation and crop drying. GRA N77-27563# National Bureau of Standards, Washington. D. C. Metallurgy Div. PREVENTION OF FAILURES IN COAL CONVERSION SYSTEMS: PRODEEDINGS OF THE 24TH MEETING OF THE MECHANICAL FAILURES PREVENTION GROUP T. Robert Shives and William A. Willard Apr. 1977 237 p refs Conf. Proc. held at Columbus, Ohio, 21-23 Apr. 1976 Sponsored in part by Frankford Arsenal, ONR. FAA, ERDA. NADC, and-Battelle Columbus Labs. (PB-265552/0: NBS-SP-468: LC-77-608043) Avail: NTIS HC A11/JV1F A01 CSCL 07A A series of overview lectures dealing with reliability problems in coal conversion systems, economics of failures in energy generating systems, corrosion, and gaps in engineering data are presented. In addition, failure analysis, materials problems, and related materials research are discussed. , GRA N77-27564# Systems Science and Software. La.Jolla. Calif. COMPUTER SIMULATION OF GEOTHERMAL RESER- VOIRS D. H. Brownell. Jr., .S. K. Garg, and J. W. Pritchett 1975 11 p refs Presented at 45th Ann. Calif. Regional Meeting of the Soc. of Petrol. Eng. of AIME, Ventura. Calif.. 2-4 Apr. 1975 Prepared in cooperation with Colorado. Univ.. Boulder (Grants NSF GI-43884: NSF GI-44212) (PB-265104/0: NSF/RA/N-75-352: SPE-5351) Avail: NTIS HC A02/MF A01 CSCL 08! General balance laws and constitutive relations are developed for convective hydrothermal geothermal reservoirs. A fully interacting rock fluid system is considered: typical rock-fluid interactions involve momentum and energy transfer, and the dependence of rock porosity (and permeability) upon the fluid and rock stresses. The mathematical model also includes multiphase (water/steam) effects. The geologic stress-strain behavior treatment permits the highly nonlinear and history- dependent constitutive behavior of the material to be properly taken into account. . GRA N77-27603 Imperial Coll. of Science and Technology, London (England). Dept. of Mechanical Engineering. MODELLING THE ATMOSPHERIC DISPERSAL Of RADI- OACTIVE POLLUTANTS BEYOND THE FIRST FEW HOURS OF TRAVEL H. M. ApSimon and A. J. H. Goddard In NATO Comm. on the Challenges of Mod. Soc. Proc. of the 7th Intern. Tech. Meeting 395 N77-27625 on Air Pollution Modeling and its Appl. 1976 p 915-930 refs Sponsored in part by EURATOM Avail: NTIS HC A99/MF A01 The application of this air pollution model in simulating the travel and dispersal of radioactive material over Europe following routine release from nuclear power installations is illustrated, along with exposure and population doses resulting from inhalation. The model considers releases of a few hours duration from any chosen site, and uses pressure fields over Europe at six hour intervals during and after release, together with quasi-geostrophic forecasting techniques. These techniques were used to track the meandering paths taken by a series of discrete puffs of radioactive material until they left the map area. Along the path of each puff, local meteorological data including cloud cover and rainfall at the time of passage were used to assess the likely state of the boundary layer. Author N77-27625# Environmental Protection Agency. Washington. 0. C. Office of the Administrator. REPORT OF THE HEARING PANEL: NATIONAL PUBLIC HEARING ON POWER PLANT COMPLIANCE WITH SULFUR OXIDE AIR POLLUTION REGULATIONS Jan. 1974 108 p refs Conf. held at Washington. D. C.. 18 Oct. - 2 Nov. 1973 (PB-264891/3) Avail: NTIS HC A06/MF A01 CSCL 07A Contents: summary and recommendations: background: utility compliance efforts: status of flue gas desulfurization technology (lime/limestone FGD technology. Wellman-Lord sodium-based scrubbing, technology summary): vendor guarantees: flue gas desulfurization system malfunctions: waste disposal: costs of flue gas desulfurization systems: time requirements for installation of flue gas desulfurization systems: and capacity of vendors to install flue gas desulfurization systems. GRA N77-27651# California Univ.. Livermore. Lawrence Livermore Lab. ENERGY AND TECHNOLOGY REVIEW R. W. Selden Nov. 1976 17 p refs . (Contract W-7405-eng-48) (UCRL-52000-76-11) Avail: NTIS HC A02/MF A01 The resolution of serious discrepancy between lunar magnetic field data and melting studies of lunar basalts is discussed. Estimates of the subsurface temperature, based on lunar electrical conductivity measurements and laboratory experiments, were hundreds of degrees below those given by models using known melting points of various minerals. A basic flaw in previous measurements was uncovered. New measurements under more realistic conditions brought the electrical conductivity temperature estimates into agreement with temperatures derived from melting experiments. A satellite ozone analysis center is also described. It is expected to produce daily high resolution global maps of ozone concentration. Correlated with ground observations, these maps should make it possible to establish the average ozone level, to check the effects of solar flares, volcanic eruptions, and atmospheric nuclear tests on that level, to detect long term trends in ozone concentration, and eventually to predict the effects of various forms of atmospheric pollution. Finally, a computer pattern recognition system for analyzing crime is discussed. D.M.L N77-27689 Indiana Univ.. Bloomington. PACE AND GRADE RELATED TO THE OXYGEN AND ENERGY REQUIREMENTS. AND THE MECHANICS OF TREADMILL RUNNING Ph.D. Thesis Phillip LJkins Henson 1976 139 p Avail: Univ. Microfilms Order No. 77-1986 The relationships among variations in running speed and grade, and their effects upon various physiological variables in running at a steady state, are investigated. Also determined were changes in various biomechanical variables which occurred along with changes in speed and grade. Some of the conclusions drawn from the investigation were: energy is conserved by running downhill. However, the savings are less than the additional amount required to run the same incline at the same speed: and uphill running is accompanied by a slight forward body lean toward the incline. Dissert. Abstr. N77-27761# Argonne National Lab.. III. OVERVIEW OF MINPACK Michael Minkoff 1976 9 p refs Presented at Joint Conf. of the Am. Sect, of the Intern. Solar Energy Soc. and the Solar Energy Soc. of Can.. Inc.. Winnipeg. Canada. 15 Aug. 1976 (Contract W-31-109-eng-38) (CONF-760842-19) Avail: NTIS HC A02/MF A01 The status and some possible future plans of the MINPACK project under development at the Applied Mathematics Division of Argonne National Laboratory are described. The need for developing a nonlinear optimization package arose in connection with revising the nonlinear optimization routines in the local computer library, and work in ERDA on the mathematical optimization of economic and energy models. The MINPACK project is a software project in areas related to mathematical optimization and has aspects dealing with the development and evaluation of algorithms, refinement of available implementa- tions of existing algorithms, development of software implementing algorithms, and applications of these techniques to EROA-related projects. A general overview of MINPACK and some of its current directions is given. ERA N77-27901# Battelle Columbus Labs.. Ohio. EXPERIMENTAL SCREENING OF CARBON-BASE MATERI- ALS FOR IMPACT MEMBERS IN ISOTOPIC HEAT SOURCES G. K. Bansel and W. H. Duckworth Nov. 1976 37 p refs (Contract W-7405-eng-92) (BMI-X-673) Avail: NTIS HC A03/MF A01 Several C/C composites and reentry-grade bulk graphites, were evaluated experimentally to determine their applicability for impact member use in radioisotope heat sources. The composites included the following generic types: (1) 2-D cloth lay-ups: (2) 2-D and 3-D felts: (3) 3-D weaves: (4) 3-D pierced fabrics: (5) 7-D weave: and (6) coarse polar weave. A 2-D ramdomly wound, resin-impregnated C/C material (GlS)'was also included. The various materials were evaluated as energy absorbing materials. None of the materials performed appreciably better than the GIS impact member material. Pyro Carb 903 and Carbitex 700 were somewhat superior in performance, while the bulk graphites and felt-base composites ranked least effective as energy absorbers. The results as a whole suggest that Pyro Carb 903 is the best prospect for a bifunctional heat shield and impact member. Its high density (1.80g/cm3) indicates poten- tially good ablation resistance to accompany its indicated good performance as an energy absorber. ERA N77-27922# TRW Defense and Space Systems Group. Redondo Beach. Calif. TRW 26 MW/SUB T/STAGED MHD COAL COMBUSTOR CONCEPTUAL DESIGN STUDY 4 Jun. 1976 363 p refs (Contract W-31-109-eng-38) (TID-27145) Avail: NTIS HC A16/MF A01 A 25 MW/sub T/ coal-fired combustor design and develop- ment program for MHD application is described. A program plan for the development and testing of the combustor and the scaleability of the design to larger sizes is also presented. ERA N77-27923# Rocketdyne. Canoga Park. Calif. MHD COMBUSTOR DESIGN STUDY Final Report 28 May 1976 440 p refs (Contract W-31-109-eng-38) (TID-27144. R-9967) Avail: NTIS HC A19/MF A01 The design concept and analysis study, including alternate concepts, are reported for a 25-MW/sub t/ coal-burning combustor that will supply hot gases to an MHD channel! Also included is a program plan for the design, fabrication, development, and testing of the 25-MW/sub t/ combustor and selected components: a test program to be conducted: a cost estimate 396 N77-27983 and schedule for the design, fabrication, and development effort; and an analysis and description of a 2,000-MW/sub t/ coal- burning combustor with the limitations to scaling up to such a combustor size. -RA N77-27926# California Univ.. Berkeley. Lawrence Berkeley Lab. CONCEPTUAL DESIGN STUDY FOR A LASER FUSION HYBRID J. A. Maniscalco Sep. 1976 20 p refs Presented at 2d Topical Meeting on the Technol. of Controlled Nucl. Fusion. Richland. Wash.. 21 Sep. 1976 (Contract W-7405-ENG-48). (UCRL-78682; Conf-760935-41) Avail: NTIS HC A02/MF A01 Feasibility evaluation was carried out by analyzing the integrated engineering performance of the complete conceptual design and by identifying the required laser/pellet performance. The performance of the laser fusion hybrid has also been compared to a typical fast breeder reactor. The results show that the laser fusion hybrid produces enough fissile material to fuel more than six light water reactors (LWR's) of equivalent thermal power while operating in a regime which requires an order of magnitude less laser and pellet performance than pure .laser fusion. In comparison to a fast breeder reactor the hybrid produces 10 times more fissile fuel. An economic analysis of the design shows that the cost of electricity in a combined hybrid-LWR scenario is insensitive to the capital cost of the hybrid, increasing by only 20 to 40 percent when .the capital .cost of the hybrid ranges from 2 to 3 times more than an LWR. ERA N77-27928# Argonne National Lab.. Ill EXPERIMENTAL TWO-PHASE LIQUID-METAL MAGNETO HYDRODYNAMIC GENERATOR PROGRAM Annual Report M. Petrick. G. Fabris. R. Cole. R. Hantman. E. Pierson. and J. Cutting Nov. 1976 102 p refs (Contract W-31-109-eng-38) (ANL-ENG-76-04) Avail: NTIS HC A06/MF A01 The generator terminal and internal parameters were measured in a diverging channel liquid metal magnetohydrodynamic generator with gas injection along the insulating walls. Data are given for generator efficiency and load voltages, and the variations along the channel of liquid .and gas velocities, pressure, local load factor, void fraction, and slip ratio. Comparisons are made with theoretical predictions. Tests made to evaluate, the effectiveness of the gas injection indicated that the generator performance improved slightly as the amount of gas injected was decreased, and that the injected gas was not forming the desired pure-gas wall layer. The gas injection ports were removed, and substantial improvement was obtained in generator perform- ance. Data comparable to that for gas injection is presented for this case. The future directions of the program, including the role of gas injection, and the modifications to the MaK-nitrogen facility are described. ' ERA N77-27932# Los Alamos Scientific Lab., N. Mex. PULSED ENERGY AND SWITCHING REQUIREMENTS FOR TOKAMAK OHMIC HEATING H. F. Vogel, K. I. Thomassen, W. Bird (Texas Univ., Austin), and F. M. Heck (Westinghouse Electric Corp.. Pittsburgh) 1976 8 p refs Presented at IEEE Intern. Pulsed Power Conf., Lubbock. Tex.. 9-11 Nov. 1976 (Contract W-7405-eng-36) (LA-UR-76-2473: Conf-761106-13) Avail: NTIS HC A02/MF A01 The electrical circuit requirements are presented which result from a study of the ohmic-heating system of a Tokamak Experimental Power Reactor (EPR). A computer modelfor plasma startup was developed as part of an electrical network analysis program. The results of a parametric study are presented in which the pulsed energy and voltsecond-requirements were optimised, electrical machinery was selected, and the switching requirements were defined. ERA, N77-27933# Los Alamos Scientific Lab., N. Mex. SUPERCONDUCTING MAGNETIC ENERGY STORAGE John D. Rogers 1976 26 p refs Presented at Pulsed Power Systems Workshop, White Oak. Md.. 20 Sep. 1976 (Contract W-7405-eng-36) (LA-UR-76-2047; Conf-760953-1) Avail: NTIS HC A03/MF A01 Fusion power production requires energy storage and transfer on short time scales to create confining magnetic fields and for heating plasmas. The theta pinch Scyllac Fusion Test Reactor (SFTR) requires 480 MJ of energy to drive the 5-T compression field with a 0.7-ms rise time. Tokamak Experimental Power Reactors (EPR) require 1 to 2 GJ of energy with a 1 to 2-s rise time for plasma ohmic heating. The design, development, and testing of four 300-kJ energy storage coils to satisfy the SFTR needs are described. Potential rotating machinery and homopolar energy systems for both the Reference Theta-Pinch Reactor (RTPR) and Tokamak ohmic-heating are presented. ERA N77-27946# Argonne National Lab.. III. TOKAMAK EXPERIMENTAL POWER REACTOR W. M. Stacey. Jr.. M. A. Abdou, and P. J. Bertoncini 1976 21 p Presented at Ann. meeting of the Amer. Soc. of Mech. Eng., New York, 29 Nov. 1976 (Contract W-31-109-eng-38) (CONF-761107-23) Avail: NTIS HC A02/MF A01 A Tokamak experimental power reactor designed to operate at net electrical power conditions with a plant capacity factor of 50 percent for 10 yrs operates in a pulsed mode at a frequency of approximately 1/min, with approximately 75 percent duty cycle, and is capable of producing approximately 72 MWe. Annual tritium consumption is 16 kg. The stainless steel vacuum chamber has beryllium coated coolant panels mounted on the interior and is surrounded by a stainless steel blanket and shield. The coolant is H20. Sixteen niobium-titanium superconducting toroidal field coils provide a field of 10 T at the coil and 4.47 at the plasma. Plasma current is driven by superconducting ohmic heating and equilibrium field coils. Plasma heating is accomplished by 12 neutral beam injectors which provide 60 MW. The energy transfer and storage system consists of a central superconduc- ting storage ring, a homopolar energy storage unit, and a variety of inductor-convertors. ERA N77-27951jj> Atomic Energy Organization' of Iran, Teheran. Nuclear Research Center. FUSION. THE FUTURE ENERGY SOURCE 1976 71 p refs In PERSIAN (AEOI-10: NRC-76-7) Avail: NTIS MF A01; JNIS Section. International Atomic Energy Agency. P. O. Box 590 A-1011,. Vienna, Austria It is proposed that Iran as a world's potential supplier of fossil fuel should participate in fusion research and gain experience in this new field. Fusion, as an ultimate source of energy in the future, and the problems concerned with the fusion reactors are reviewed. Furthermore, plasma heating and magnetic and inertia! confinement in a fusion reactor are discussed. A brief descrip- tion of Tokamak, theta pinch and magnetic mirror reactors is also included. ERA N77-27983# Avco-Everett Research Lab.. Everett, Mass. HIGH POWER DENSITY MHD GENERATORS Final Technical Report Robert Kessler Wright-Patterson AF8. Ohio AFAPL Mar. 1976 60 p refs (Contract F33615-75-C-2047: AF Proj. 3145) (AD-A038612: AFAPL-TR-76-71) Avail: NTIS HC A04/MF A01 CSCL 201 Operating parameters were calculated for MHD generators operating at power densities in the channel of 500 MW/cu m and with power outputs of 30 - 35 MW (nominal). Liquid-fueled generators, using hydrocarbon fuels such as JP-4 or RP-1 and oxygen, and solid fuel generators were investigated. Designs of both liquid and solid fuel generators are described, and esti- mates of their weights and sizes are given. Operation of generators at power densities of 1000 MW/cu m was investigated. 397 N77-27996 Assessments of feasibility and risks involved in achieving high power density operation are made. A development plan for construction of flightweight high power density MHD generator power supplies is presented. Author (GRA) N77-27996# Los Alamos Scientific Lab.. N. Mex. APPLICATIONS OF SUPERCONDUCTIVITY IN ELECTRIC POWER SYSTEMS William E. Keller 1976 20 p refs Presented at the Frontiers of Power Technol. Conf.. Stillwater. Okla.. 27 Oct. 1976 (Contract W-7405-eng-36) (LA-UR-76-1998; Conf-761030) Avail: NTIS HC A02/MF A01 Major applications of superconductivity to power systems are considered. The state of the art of materials and refrigeration developments that are necessary for these applications is reviewed. Specific applications including superconducting cables for power transmission and superconducting magnetics for MHD generators, for energy storage, and for magnetically confined fusion power generation are discussed in terms of their advantages and the progress being made toward introducing the various devices into real situations. It is concluded that the feasibility of superconduc- ting devices is assured, and that, although their performance, reliability, and cost effectiveness for use in power generation, transmission, and storage remain to be proven, it is reasonable to expect that superconductivity can make it in the real world. ERA N77-28046# Institute for Defense. Analyses. Arlington.. Va. Program Analysis Div. EVALUATION OF RAIL RAPID TRANSIT AND EXPRESS BUS SERVICE IN THE URBAN COMMUTER MARKET Final Report J. Hayden Boyd. Norman Asher, 'and Elliot S'.' Wetzler Oct. 1973 267 p refs (Contract DOT-OST-20019) (P8-265236/0: DOT-TPI-10-77-11) . Avail: NTIS HC A12/MF A01 CSCL 138 ... . Public transportation alternatives for serving the commuter market were investigated. The two main alternatives, .rail rapid transit and integrated express busr service, are analyzed from the standpoint of full costs (both supplier and user time costs). User time costs of the two alternatives are roughly equal; however, the supplier costs of the integrated bus service are much lower than those of rail rapid transit. Quantitative data on fuel consumption and emissions are presented, and the effects of political, regulatory, and institutional constraints are discussed. • • .. GRA N77-28038# California Univ., Uvermore. Lawrence Livermore Lab. HAWAII TECHNOLOGY UTILIZATION EXPERIMENT David W. Dorn and Charles F. Miller 8 Dec. 1976 42 p (Contract W-7405-eng-48) (UCID-17343) Avail: NTIS HC A03/MF A01 A one year technology transfer project involving ERDA installations in Hawaii is described. Teams were sent on week long field trips every two months to test the effectiveness of different methods of transferring technology information from federal sources to civilian clients. Most inquiries involved biomass and use of agricultural wastes, solar energy, and transportation. Author (ERA) N77-28O4O# Demetroulis (Nicholas M.) and Associates, Alexandria, Va. TECHNICAL REVIEW AND ANALYSIS OF THE TOTAL UTILITY DEMONSTRATION PLANT DESIGN AND OPERA- TIONAL CONCEPT Final Report Nicholas M. Demetroulis Sep. 1976 58 p (Contract DAAK02-75-C-0096) (AD-A037016; USAFESA-RT-2031) Avail: NTIS HC A04/MF A01 CSCL 10/2 The total utilities concept involves the furnishing of all utilities to a facility from a single plant as a means of more efficiently using available energy from our fuel sources. These utilities would consist of all or part of the following: electricity, heating and air conditioning, water supply, sewage treatment, domestic hot water and trash disposal. The current practice is to obtain most of the above services from separate, non-affiliated corporate entities whose plants are widely separated and who have little incentive for cooperative action in waste energy utilization. Most electric generating plants, for example, are of large capacity and are remotely located so that even though vast waste energy quantities are available, the cost for collection, storage and distribution of such energy to consumers is prohibitive. Great amounts of energy are dissipated through cooling water, stack gases and power transmission which result in the loss of up to 60 percent of the energy initially available in the fuel. Another obvious resource waste is the practice of trash disposal through open burning, land fill or incineration without extraction and use of the considerable heat energy available. GRA 398 EIMERGY//4 Continuing Bibliography (Issue 15) SUBJECT INDEX OCTOBER 1977 Typical Subject Index Listing SUBJECT HEADING | [ PAGE NUMBER AEBODIPABIC LOADS ' "Early operation experience on the EBDA/HASA 100 wind turbine rotor blade loads i—r rHASA-TH-I-716011 13 p0086 H77-1064 The subject, heading is a key to the subject content of the document. The title or title and title extension provides the user with a brief description of the subject matter. The report number helps to indicate the type of document cited (e.g., NASA report, translation. NASA contractor report). The issue page and accession numbers are located beneath and to the right of the title e.g.. 13 p0086 N77-10640. Under any subject heading the accession numbers are arranged in sequence with the IAA accession numbers appearing first. ABI06EHBSIS " Chemical evolution of photosynthesis 13 p0071 A77-18898 ABSOBBEHTS Solar-powered refrigeration by intermittent solid absorption systems - 13 p0078 A77-19106 ABSOBBBBS (BQOIEHBBT) Optimization of absorption air-conditioning for solar energy applications rHASi-Ca-150176] 1i» p0210 H77-17560 ABSOBBBBS (BAIBBIALS) Survey of selective absorber coatings for solar energy technology 11 p0199 177-29067 Temperature dependence of the 10.6-microns reflectivity of ITO-coated silicon selective absorber for solar energy conversion application 14 p0200 A77-29246 ABSOBPTAHCB Applications of thin graded-indei films to solar absorbers 15 p0260 A77-31244 ABSOBPTIOB Survey of absorption refrigeration systems 13 p0078 A77-19105 ABSOBPTIOB..SPICTBA Study and materialization of a selective surface designed for direct thermal conversion of solar energy - Application to medium temperature range 13 p0069 A77-18496 Infrared extinction spectra of some common liguid aerosols 15 p0290 A77-34561 ABSOBPTIOB SPEC1BOSCOPT Measurements of Sc I gf-values absorption spectroscopy using heat pipe oven 13 p0058 A77-16270 ABSOBPTIVITI Solar absorption characteristics of several coatings and surface finishes fcr solar energy collectors CNASA-TH-X-3509] 11 p0229 N77-20567 ABSTBACTS Abstracts: 1976 AFOSB Contractors' meeting on HHD Power Generation and Lasers rAp-10276541 13 p0133 H77-15845 Vertical-axis wind turbine technology workshop .[SABD-76-55861 14 p0250 H77-21688 Solar energy environmental and resource assessment program [EEDA-76-138] 15 p0344 H77-22621 AC GEHEBATOflS Alternating photoelectrochemical converters 13 p0077 A77-19093 Air Force applications of lightweight superconducting machinery 14 p01U4 A77-21360 High speed superconducting generator 14 p0144 477-21383 Superconducting a.c. generators - Progress on the design of '•> ' fPB-256806/1] ' 13 P0115 H77-13519 BOBBING BATE Combustion of oil-shale carbon residue ' :> . 11 p0193 A77-27313 BOBNIHG TIBE 1 ' Combustion or oil-shale carbon residue 11 p0193 A77-27313 BOBHOOT ' . . • *' Burnout of gaseous fuel - in a tube combustion chamber with longitudinally distributed air supply : ' . . 15 p0272 A77-33170 BOTAHES ' ' ' . ' ' . . ' . ' Petroleum market shares'. Report on sales of -' propane to ultimate consumers, 1975 rPB-255624/9] . . ' 13 p0108 B77-12510 " : Conceptual design of a 10MH regenerative isobutane geothermaj. power plant •> fPB-261553/1] . : ' .15 p0319 N77 r22683 CJDHIOB AHTIHOHIDBS ' Theoretical and experimental validation of new v sources of electrical energy . ' ' '11 p0176 A77-21157 CADHIOB COBPOUHOS 3 Evaluation'of cadmium stannate films for solar. heat collectors * ' - .", . . , . ' • ' . ' 1 1 p0198 A77-29021 '' Laboratory investigations on thermochemical • hydrogen production ' " 15 p0276 J77-33318 ^ C a d m i u m stagnate selective optical films for solar energy applications , ' - . rPB-261850/21 ' 15 p0318 N77-22672 CADBION SELENIBES 1 Evaluation of cds photovoltaic cells in. the. ; : . . framework of the development of solar(electric power plants • ' ' . . . . - , . . . , - 11 p0119,'-A77^21796 Photovoltaic, properties ,of thin-film Cu2S-CdS- heteroiuactions •' - r . ' 11.P0119 A77-21801 Photoelectrochemical energy .conversion and .-storage . - The polycrystallirie CdSe cell with different storage modes . - ; . •' , ^ . . . - - . ' ' 1 1 p0196. A77-28163 ~ Semiconductor-electrolyte photovoltaic cells . , - _ . employing CdSe and CdTe . • ? f . 15 p0259 J77-30712 Spectral response and efficiency, relations-in.; '- se'micondiic't'or liguid junction solar cells :^ j ., ' • 15 p0261 A77-31823 Solar conversion efficiency of pressure sintered cadmium seienide liguid junction cells .• - - . . . 1 5 p0320 A77-38367 CADHIOB SD1FIDSS - ' ; CdS-Cu2S solar cells fabricated on Cd2Sn01-silica substrates I • . 1 3 p0007 A77-11110 Preparation and characteristics of CuGaSe2/cdS •- solar cells . • - ' • . • ' ' 13 p0069 S77-18517 Recent progress in low cost Cds-Cu25 solar cells . . 11 p0117 A77-21781 Theoretical prospects of the CdS-Cu2S solar cell - - . .' 11 p0119 A77-21797 * Technology of large area Cu/x/S-CdS solar cells 11 p0119'A77-21798 Investigation on the crystalline structure of Cu/x/S-Ci3 solar cells . . . 11 p0119 A77-21803 -High efficieacy n-CdS/p-InP solar cells pre'pared by the close-spaced technique i. . . . 11 p0156 A77-22081 Photovoltaic properties of n-cdS/p-cdTe • heterojunctions prepared by spray pyrolysis - 11 p0198.A77-29023 &-16 SUBJECT INDEX CABBOH HOHOXIDB Preparation of CdS/InP sclar cells by chemical vapor deposition of CdS 14 p0205 A77-29893 Design analysis of the thin-film CdS-Cu2S solar cell 15 p0258 A77-30721 InF-CdS sclar cells • -t 15 p0259 A77-30740 Photovoltaic energy conversion with n-CdS-p-CdTe heterojuncticns and other II-VI functions 15 p0259 A77-30741 Spectral response and efficiency relations in i semiconductor liquid junction solar cells 15 P026U A77-31823 Theoretical prospects of the CdS-Cu2S solar cell. . fPB-252409/8] 13 p0089 N77-10672 Cadmium stannate selective optical films for solar energy applications 1 fPB-254 879/0] 13 P0090 N77-10678 Applied research on II-VI compound rPB-254637/2] I 13 p0098 N77-11547 Assessment of cadmium sulfide photovoltaic arrays -j for large scale electric utility applications fPB-255646/2] 13 p0109 N77-12551 Ternary compound thin film solar cells tPB-262536/6] 15 p0374 N77-25662 Ternary compound thin film solar cells - 1 rPB-265003/1] 15 pQ395 N77-27561 CADHIOH TELLUBIDBS Ceramic thin film cdTe sclar cell 14 p0135 A77-19635 Photovoltaic properties of n-CdS/p-CdTe - heterojuncticns prepared by spray pyrolysis 14 P0198 A77-29023 Phctovoltaic energy conversion Kith n-Cds-p-Cdle heterojuncticns and other II-VI junctions 15 P0259 A77-30741 Semiconductor-electrolyte photovoltaic cells employing CdSe and CdTe 15 P9259 A77-30742 Cathodes for photodriven hydrogen generators - ZnTe and CdTe 15 p0296 A77-35921 Photoelectronic properties of CdTe-electrolyte heterojunctions - Feasibility as solar energy converters . . 15 p0320 A77-38330 f.pplied research on II-VI compound FPB-254637/2] ' 13 p0098 N77-11547 CAlIfOBHIA The chemistry, dispersion, and transport of air. pollutants emitted f r o m fossil fuel 'power plants in California fPB-254449/21 13 p0092 N77-10720 Wind power prediction node Is • • • • fNASA-CB-149235] 13 p0105 N77-12509 California energy outlook rOCRL-5196-B!V-1] 13 p0106 1177-12525 Temperature effects of crude oil in the upper intertifial zcne ' tPB-255956/5] . 13 p0110 N77-12581 Possible "effects of nuclear initiative ori 'supply and use of electricity in California UD-A026582] . 13 P0131 N77-15510 Overview of the Imperial valley environmental project rocIE-17C67] 13 p0132 N77-15533 Proceedings of a Symposium on Offshore 'oil Potential and Belated Land Dse Impacts in the Central California Coastal Zone fPB-259074/3] 14 P0215 H77-18547 solar energy in buildings: Implications for California energy policy TSASA-CE-U2686] 15 p0343 N77-22613 California's energy future [AD-f.032221] 15 p0348 H77-22667 Ccntrol of oxides of sulfur from stationary sources in the south coast air basin of California fPB-261154/6] 15 p0348 M77-22668 Geotechnical environmental aspects of geothermal power generation Heber, Imperial Valley, California fPB-260848/7] 15 p0349 1177-22680 Telluric napping over the Hesa Geothermal Anomaly , Imperial Valley, .California fPB-262828/7] 15 P0355 H77-23593 . Santa Clara, California, community center, commercial solar demonstration legal alternatives, implications, and financing of solar aeatinq and cooling by a municipal corporation • fSA»/1083-76/1 1 15 p0394 N77-27549 CALOBIBETEHS Calorimetry or large solar concentrators 13 p0038 A77-12814 .Differential scanning calorimetry studies on coal. II - Hydrogenation of coals 13 p0070 A77-18583 CANADA Can Canada Harness the wind 13 p0053 A77-15047 The energy situation in Canada 1U p0165 A77-23307 Raw materials for energy generation in Canada 14 p0165 A77-23315 Mandatory Canadian crude oil allocation regulations t PB-25531i/6J 13 p0096 1177-11509 Research and development for Canadian nuclear power f A E C L - 5 3 1 4 ] 13 p0097 N77-11533 Energy equivalents for current and prospective automotive fuels in Canada [ A D - A 0 2 6 1 9 5 ] 13 p0124 N77-14609 Energy self-sufficiency prospects for the British Columbia forest products industry f V P - X - 1 6 6 ] 15 p0363 N77-24591 CAPACITOBS . The 275 deq C aicrocircuitry: Resistors, capacitors, conductors, substrates, and bonding fSAND-76-3611 ] 15 p0389 S77-27312 CAPILLABt FLOli Silicon ribDon growth by a capillary action shaping tachnigue rNASA-CE-149815] . 14 p0227 N77-19898 .Silicon ribuon growth by a capillary action shaping technique f NASA-CR-149814] 14 p0227 1177-19899 .CAPILLABt TDBES Operation peculiarities of low temperature heat pipes wit a crimped capillary structure , . 13 p0119 N77-14380 CABBOH ( Combustion of oil-shale carbon residue - 14 p0193 A77-27343 CAEBON COBPODHOS Electric current from the direct conversion.of low molecular weight C,H,O-compounds 13 p0055 A77-15814 CABBOH DIOXIDE . Air, water, nuclear power make gasoline 13 p0045 A77-12935 Effects of antnropogenic emissions on climate - A review of selected topics 13 p0067 A77-18295 ' 'Atmospheric carbon dioxide variations at the South Pole 13 p0067 A77-18439 Theoretical work on reaction seguences in the gasification of coke by carbon dioxide and by' steam in conditions remote from eguilibriam 14 p0198 A77-28776 A petroleum substitute - Active C02 14 p0200 A77-29325 'Synthetic carbonaceous fuel and feedstock using nuclear power, air and water 15 p0321 A77-38S32 Can we control the carbon dioxide in the atnosphere 15 p0322 A77-38674 Reactivity of oil shale carbonaceous residue with • oxygen and carbon dioxide CDCBL-77829] 13 p0123 N77-14596 CABBOH DIOXIDE LASERS Some results or' HHD-laser investigation 15 p0328 A77-39549 CABBOB ISOTOPES Isotopic characterization of Illinois natural gas 13 p0113 S77-13484 CiBBOS HOHOIIDS COSTEAB: Low-rank coal liquefaction - An updated analysis 13 p0045 A77-12934 Catalytic coal liquefaction using synthesis gas 13 p0059 .".77-16473 A-17 CABBOH 11 SUBJECT INDEX Molecular synthesis in the case of the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis - Reaction steps of the molecular synthesis by means of the ' " catalytic transformation of carbon monoxide and hydrogen 15 P0268.A77-32248 Development of fuel cell CO detection instruments for use in a nine atmosphere rPB-251823/8] 13 p0095-N77-11380 CABBCB 14 Cooperative geochemical resource assessment of the Mesa Geotberaal system [PB-257225/3] 13 p0132 H77-15520 CABBOH-CABBOH COBEOSITES Experimental screening of carbon-base materials for impact members in isotopic heat sources fBHI-X-673] 15 p0396 N77-27901 CABBOBATES Evaporation of solution droplets in a high-temperature medium potassium carbonate MHD flow properties 13 p0046 A77-13251 Evaporation of a drop 'of "solution in a high-temperature medium potassium carbonate MHD flov properties 15 p0263 477-3153* Reactivity of oil shale carbonaceous residue vith oxyqen and carbon dioxide ruCBL-778291 13 p0123 N77-1(t59t> CARBONIZATIOB Coal gasification -—• by destructive distillation and coke residue gasification processes 15 p0262 A77-31471 CABBOBIZING Laboratory investigation of high temperature alloy failure nechanisms 15 p0271 A77-32608 CARGO AIBCBAFT Application of advanced technology-to future long-range aircraft fSABE PAPER 1126] 13 p0016 A77-1219U Design of a large span-distributed load flying-wing cargo airplane r»ASA-TM-X-7i)031 I 15 p0353 B77-23089 CABNOT CY.CIB Thermodynamic constraints, effective temperatures and solar cells . . '. 11 p0117 A77-21779 Problems relating to heat storage at solar thermal cover plant 1U p0152 A77-21826 CASCADE FLOS ' A precise satellite thermal control system using cascaded heat pipes TAIAA PAPEB 77-777) 15 p0312 A77-37282 CASSEGBAIH OPTICS : A Cassegrain'system for solar radiation 13 p0063 A77-17561 Paraboloid-hyperboloid concentrating systems and their accuracy • 15 p0286 A77-33H33 CATALYSIS Catalytic coal gasification for SHG production Synthetic Na tura l Gas 13 p0022 A77-12683 catalytic coal liquefaction using synthesis gas 13 p0059 A77-16U73 t petroleum substitute - Active C02 1U p0200 A77-29325 Molecular synthesis in the case of the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis - Eeaction steps of K'. the molecular synthesis by means of the catalytic transformation of carbon monoxide and hydrogen f 15 p0268 A77-322U8 The oxidant formation potential of emissions f rom catalyst-equipped vehicles 15 p0333 A77-39596 The electron factor in catalysis on metals electrocatalysis on non-netallic surfaces rPB-2562614/3] 13 p0103 B77-12166 CAIA1TSTS Titaniua-containing Baney nickel catalyst for hydrogen electrodes in alkaline fuel cell systems 13 p0061 A77-18019 Anodic oxidation of ethylene glycol Kith noble - metal alloy catalysts in fuel cell 15 p0260 A77-31171 Emissions and performance of catalysts for gas • turbine catalytic combustors rSJSA-TH-i-7J543 ] 13 p010« N77-12106 Optimization of PT-doped Kocite (trademark) electrodes in H3 POM fuel cells [AD-A025J261 13 p0107 N77-12529 Sanufacturiug and evaluation of phthalocyanines as - catalysts for fuel cells fBHFT-FB-T-70-251 13 p0114 N77-13540 Catalytic syutaesis of gaseous hydrocarbons, t fFE-18111-2) 13 p0130 N77-15503 Surface research for development of new electroca talysts for acid electrolyte fuel cells (AD-A0260i31 13 p0131 N77-15517 - XHF analysis OL some regenerated catalysts r.MBL-TN-333 1 15 p0376 N77-262117 CATALYTIC ACTIVITY Catalytic avdrogenation of solvent-refined lignite f to liquid iuals 13 'p0008 S77-112U3 P Highly dispersed tungsten carbide for fuel cells with an acidic electrolyte 13 p0055 A77-15815 Batch autoclave studies of catalytic , hydrodesulfurization of coal 1H p01U5 A77-21617 Hydrocarbon cracking developments in the DDB 1lt p0161 A77-23098 Kinetics of neterogeneously catalyzed coal" hydroliguefaction 1<4 p0196 A77-28M73 Influence of bonding and filling agents on the activity of tungsten carbide hydrogen electrodes 15 p0260 677-31173 'A consideration of catalytic effects on Pt-Pt/Rh thermocouples in combustion systems involving hydrogen as a fuel 15 p0283 A77-33U07 Automot ive sulcate emissions ' . 15 p0290 A77-3H629 ' Fundamentals of coal liquefaction 15 p0309 A77-36811 1 consideration of catalytic effects on Pt-Pt/Rh thermocouples in combustion systems involving, hydrogen as a fuel 11 p02t5 N77-216115 CATHODES . Study of catnode spots in the'presence of slag t films on the electrodes of an'open-cycle B H D ' generator ; ' '13 p0053 A77-i5005 Cathode spots on metallic electrodes of an MHD-channel 15 p0269 A77-32518 CA?ITIES . : ' '- ' Comprehensive ground control study of a mechanized ' longwall operation. Volume 2: Special reports. 1: Physical "properties of coal and coal 'measure - ' rocks. 2: Bearing capacity of roof and floor rocks. 3: Response of borehole pressure cells.'" •1: Installation of subsurface instrumentation'' fPB-262«76/5] 15 p0368-H77-2U711 CELL ABODES Anodic oxidation of ethylene glycol with noble metal alloy catalysts in fuel cell 15 p0260 A77-311.71 Influence of bonding and filling agents on the - ' activity of tungsten carbide hydrogen electrodes 15 p0260 A77-31173 f Electrically rechargeable BEDOX flow cell [NASA-CASS-Liii-12220-1] 13 p0121 N77-14581 CELLS (BIOLOGY) The palirrhotrophic origin of energy metabolism cheaiosaotic precursor to phototropiso in estuarine cellular organisms 13 P0061 A77-17895 . CELLULOSE 'Enzymat ic hydrolysis of cellulosic wastes to fermentable sugars for alcohol production 15 p0315 A77-37666 CBSBHTS Environmental considerations of selected energy conserving manufacturing process options. ' Volume 10: Cement industry report fPB-261276/7] 15 p038« N77-26687 CENTRAL ATLAHTIC BEGIOH (OS) Identification and analysis of mid-Atlantic onshore OC5 impact [PB-254925/1J -: • 13 p0096 H77-11516 A-18 SUBJECT INDEX CHEBICAL COBPOSITIOS CBHTBIFOGAL COHPBESSOBS Improvements in fluid machines and systems for enerqy conversion. Volume 4 Book 15 p0309 A77-36815 CBHTBIFOGil POBPS The use of solar cells as energy supply for a pumping system 11 p0155 A77-21854 Improvements in fluid machines and systems for enerqy conversion. Volume 1 Book 15 p0309 A77-36815 CBFABIC COJTIHGS Selective black absorbers usinq HF-sputtered Cr2C3/Cr cernet films 15 p0265 A77-31951 Effect of ceramic coating of JT8D combustor liner on maximum liner temperatures and other combustor performance parameters fNASA-TH-X-735811 13 p0126 N77-15037 Ceramic heat pipe heat exchangers rLA-6514-HS] 15 p0361 N77-24431 CB8AHICS High-temperature ceramics for automobile gas turbines. II ' . 13 p0063 A77-17591 Ceramic thin film C3Te solar cell 14 p0135 A77-19635 Progress on the testing of refractories^for directly-fired HHD air heater service '• . ,• - 1?t p0142 A77-2125I4 Calculation of thermal stresses in ceramic elements of the refractory channel nails of a maqnetohydrodynaisic generator- 15 p0263 A77-31540 Corrosion of potential HHD preheater materials in •liquid, slag and slag-seed 15 P0327 A77-39541 Generator vail slag coating and material corrosion experiments 15 p0327 A77-39542 Design and performance of high temperature ceramic electrode modules in HHD generators 15 p0327 A77-39543 Progress on.the testing of refractories for - directly-fired HHD air heater service. II 15 p0328 A77-39544 Ceramic materials and components for small automotive gas turbine engine [AD-A0254721 13 p0095 H77-11417 .Analysis of ceramic materials for impact members in isotopic ieat sources rBHI-X-670] 14 pQ210 N77r17246 , Ceramic applications in the advanced Stirling automotive engine . ' • • i rHASA-TH-X-73632] . 15 p0354 N77-23487 Ceramics for the advanced automotive gas turbine engine: A look at a single shaft design fNASA-TM-X-73651) , ' 15 p0354 H77-23490 CEBHETS Applications of thin grade_d-index films to solar absorbers 15 p0260 A77T31244 • Selective black absorbers using FF-sputtered Cr2o3/cr cermet filss ' 1 5 p0265 A77-31951 CESIOH . '• . • Results of closed cycle HHD power generation test with a helium-cesiun working fluid rNASA-TH-Z-73621 ].. ' 15 p0357 N77-23936 CESIOfl DIODES Anomalous current-voltage characteristics observed i during reactor tests of uultielement thermionic assemblies 13 p0018 A77-12361 CESIDB FLASH! Estimates of optimal generating conditions for 3 hydrogen-oxygen cesium-seeded magneto-hydrodynamic rower generator [HASA-TH-E-8371) 14 p0213 H77-17852 CHALCOGEHIDBS > Thermoelectric power of pseudoternary solid solutions 13 p0014 A77-11917 CHAHHEL FLO! Calculation of turbulent magnetohydrodynamic i boundary layers in MBD generator channels 13 p0046 A77-13242 Acoustic properties of subsonic HHD channel '•- 13 pOOSt A77-15668 In-channel observations on coal slag in RED generators 11) p0139 A77-21222 Progress on the Hark VI long-duration HHD generator 1« p01»1 A77-21237 'Consideration of three-dimensional effects in HHD power generators 14 p0142 A77-21261 Cathode spots on metallic electrodes of an HHD-channel 15 p0269 A77-32518 Influence of flow nonunifornity on plasma instability at the channel vail 15 p0269 A77-32520 Investigation of two-dimensional electric effects in a sectional HHD-channel 15 p0317 A77-37930 Gaseous electrode development at HHC for plasma channel operation in HHD generators 15 p0325 A77-39530 Design, construction, and testing of a compact, liqhtvelqat combustion driven HHD generator channel and diffuser 15 p0326 A77-39532 . . Holecular gas performance of a disk generator with swirl 15 p0326 A77-39534 The influence of the transverse current nonuniforiiity, caused by current leakages onto the insulatiug walls of the channel, on the local characteristics of a nonideal HHD generator 15 p0329 A77-39553 ' Three.dimensional current distribution in diagonal conducting wall channels ' 15 p0329 A77-39556 -, Coupled electrical and fluid calculations in the cross plane in linear HHD generators . . . 15 p0329 A77-39557 A consideration of some three-dimensional effects r in HHD channel 15 p0330 &77-39560 Subsonic HHO-diffuser performance with high blockage 15 p0331 A77-39567 'CHARCOAL Coal gasification update 15 p0306 A77-36763 CHABGE CABBIEBS Fundamental electronic mechanisms limiting the performance of solar cells 15 p0257 A77-30710 " Efficiency calculations for Al/x/Ga/1-x/As-GaAs heteroface solar cells , 15 p0257 A77-30720 CHEMICAL IRAftSIS Characterization of synthetic liguid fuels analytical separation and spectroscopic techniques ,- 11 p0169 A77-23554 Definition and analysis of thermochemical processes for hydrogen production based on iron-chlorine reactions 15 p0276 A77-333S1 . Theoretical, numerical, and physical technigues for characterizing power plant plumes [PB-253099/6] 13 p0101 N77-11599 Fuel contaminants. Volume 1: Chemistry ,. . CPB-256020/9] 13 p0103 H77-12231 Environmentdl assessment sampling and analytical t strategy program industrial wastes [PB-261259/6] 15 p0352 N77-23021 CHBHICAL CLEiSISG Chemical cleaning of coal [ASBE PAPEB 76-WA/APC-2] 14 p0184 A77-26409 CHEHICAL COHFOSItlOH iOrganization of long range transport of air pollution monitoring in Europe 13 p0071 A77-18754 ."Composition and size distribution of in-stack particulate material at a coal-fired power plant 14 p0139 A77-21018 •Batch autoclave studies of catalytic hydrodesulfurization of coal 14 pQ145 &77-21617 .'Details of aydrogen-burning thermonuclear reactions C - 14 p0168 A77-23457 Development of the modified in situ oil-shale process • 14 p0193 A77-27342 A-19 CHBBICAL COBPCOHDS SUBJECT IHDEI CHEBICAL COHEOUHDS Enhanced energy utilization from a controlled thermonuclear fusion reactor rPB-260653/1] 11 p0231 N77-20879 CBEHICAL EBEBGY Photoassisted electrolysis of water - Conversion of optical tc chemical energy 13 p0021 A77-12666 Thermochemical energy storage systems 13 p0028 A77-12738 Operational chemical storaqe cycles for utilization cf sclar energy to produce heat or electric power 14 p0153 A77-22646 Exergy considerations related to the acguisition, supply, and utilization cf solar energy 11 p0203 A77-29572 Petrochemical tasic products from coal - Production of basic and intermediate products for the chemical industry according to the Pischer-Tropsch process 15 p0267 A77-32217 Effective conversion processes between thermal and chemical energies - Thermodvnamic study of multistep water decomposition processes ' 15 p0275 A77-33341 Thermodynamic analysis of alternate energy carriers, hydrogen and chemical heat pipes 15 p0279 A77-33374 Ocean thermal energy delivery systems based on chemical energy carriers 15 p0279 A77-33375 Production of chemical energy carriers by non-expandable energy scurces solar energy electrolysis, photolysis, and thermochemical cycles fDIH-FB-76-32] 13 p0114 N77-13541 - Study of the application of solar chemical dehumidification system to wind tunnel facilities of NASA lewis Research Center at Cleveland, Ohio rNASA-CE-1U9886] . 1U p0227 N77-20116 Ocean thermal energy delivery systems based on chemical energy carriers ' It p0240 S77-21609 Production of chemical energy carriers by - non-expandable energy sources solar energy electrolysis, photolysis, and thermochemical cycles rESA-TT-338] 11 p0251 N77-21701 CHEHICAL EBGISEEBING Design analyses of a methane-based chemical heat pipe 13 p0028 A77-12737 On the production of town gas from off-gases of the chemical processing industry 114 p0161 A77-23099 : Coal gasification by destructive distillation . and coke residue gasification processes 15 p0262 A77-31471 Nethanol, past, present, and speculation on the future manufacture technigues and fuel applications 15 p0289 A77-34114 Energy use patterns in metallurgical and nonmettalic mineral processing (Volume 1, Phase 9: Areas where alternative technologies should be developed to lower energy use in production of high-priority commodities), supplement [PB-261153/n 15 p0346 N77-22645 Chemical engineering side of nuclear fusion power [PPPL-1303] 15 p0376 H77-25965 CHEBICAL EVOIOTIOB Chemical evolution of photosynthesis 13 p0071 A77-18898 CHEHICAL BIPIOSIOBS Thermal explosion of moving reacting fluids of variable viscosity 13 p0052 A77-14980 CHEHICAL FHACTIOHATIOH Hydrocarbon cracking developments in the DDE 14 P01614 A77-23098 Fractur ing oil shale wi th explosives for in situ recovery 11 p0169 A77-23559 CHEHICAL FOEIS Shale oil, tar sands, and related fuel sources Eook 11 p0169 A77-23551 Fuels via bioconversion 11 p0176 A77-21569 .. Petrochemical oasic products f rom coal - Production of basic and intermediate products for the caemical industry according to the Fischer-Tropsch process 15 p0267 A77-32217 CHEfllCJL PBOPBiTIBS The influence of the properties of coals on their conversion into clean fuels 13 p0009 A77-11215 Some properties of coal slags of importance to HHD 15 p0330 A77-39563 j Ant iwear additives, wear studies on chemical addition agents for imparting an effective lubricating response in polysiloxane (silicone) fluids UD-A033527] 15 p0310 N77-22270 CHEHICAL PBOPDLSIOH Near- term cnemically-propelled space transport systems to space colonies 15 p0295 A77-35810 CHEHICAL EE4CTIOS CONTROL Balance and optimization procedure for thermochemical cycles for hydrogen production 15 p0276 A77-33315 CHEMICAL BEAM 10US Study of the ionization of the additive in BHD installations 13 p0002 A77-10121 • Thermochenical energy storage systems 13 p0028 A77-12738 Energy storage via calcium hydride production 13 p0032 A77-12771 = Hydrogen production from water by means of chemical cycles 13 p0058 A77-16471 Progress in the Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory . Program to develop theraochemical processes for hydrogen production 15 p0275 A77-33311 Discovery or reaction sequences for thermochemical j water splitting in hydrogen production cycles 15 p0275 A77-33313 Preliminary .study of the importance of hydrothermal reactions on the temperature history of a hot, dry rock geotheraal reservoir rPB-262391/6] -11 p0252 N77.-21731 > Geothermal -hemistry activities at LASL fl.A-6118-pa ] 15 p0341 N77-22623 CBEHICAL BEACTOBS Hydrogen production by the steam-iron process 13 p0023 A77-12688 Operation oJ the Westinghouse Coal Gasification Process Development Dnit 13 p0023 H77-12689 ; A combined cycle with a partial-oxidation reactor 13 p0062 A77-1753U Dpgradinq coal liguids to gas turbine fuels. ITI - Exploratory process studies 11 p0178 A77-24853 The concept of "nuclear hydrogen production1 and progress of w o r k in the Nuclear Research Center Ouelich 15 p0273 A77-33328 Flash hydropyrolysis process for conversion of '. lignite to liquid and gaseous products 15 p0301 A77-36331 Advanced gasification technologies 15 p0308 A77-36811 Gasification and generation of electricity coal utilization 15 p0308 A77-36812 Producer gas f rom agricultural wastes - Its production and utilization in a converted oil-fired noiler l 15 p0323 A77-39106 Catalytic syataesis of gaseous hydrocarbons tFE-1811-2] 13 p0130 N77-15503 CHESILOaiHBSCEHCK • Some considerations in determining oxides of nitrogen in stack gases by chemiluminescence analyzer 13 p0062 A77-175U1 CBILB L A N D S A T (Ears) used as a basis for geological volcanological mapping in the central Andes f NASA-f i l -750241 15 p0390 N77-27U71 A-20 SUBJECT ISDBX CIIBBIHG FLIGHT CHIBESB PEOPLES HEPUBIIC China claims lead in biogas energy supply 15 p0297 A77-36050 CHLOBIDES Aerosol formation during coal combustion - Condensation of sulfates and chlorides on flyash 13 p0054 477-15778 Engineering design and cost analysis of chlorine " storage concepts for a zinc-chlorine load-leveling battery rPB-262016/9] 11 p0252 N77-21727 CBLOHIHE Evaluation of a 1 kHh zinc chloride battery system [PB-260683/8] 11 p0236 H77-21356 Feasibility studies of chemical reactions for thermochemical water splitting cycles of the iron-chlorine-, iron-sulfur- and Banganese-solfnr families 14 p0238 H77-21572 Environmental considerations of selected energy conserving aanofactoring process options. Volume 12: Chlor-alkali industry report fPB-264278/3] 15 p0385 N77-26689 CHLOBOPLASTS Biological sclar energy converson: Approaches to overcome yield, stability and product limitations rPB-261910/4] 15 p0350 077-22688 CHBOHIOB ALLOIS Metal dusting corrosion in coal gasification environments 15 p0337 A77-10012 CHBOHIUH OXIDES Selective black' absorbers using FF-sputtered Cr2O3/cr cermet films 15 p0265 A77-31951 The optical properties of chromium oxide films and the high temperature stabilization of silver films for photothermal solar energy conversion 13 p0128 N77-15481 CIBCOIT BELIABILITY. Cooling arrays of circuit cards using heat pipes and forced air diffusers 13 p0031 A77-12766 ' Research and development of cryoalternators for large-electrical' power systems 11 p0190 A77-26536 CISLDSiB SPACE . Environmental impact of space manufacturing TAIAA PAPEB 77-5391 15 p0266 A77-32062 CITIES Evolution cf atmospheric pollution /high acidity ' and black fumes/ in-France during 1975 13 p0002 A77-10670 Assessing the'relationship between urban form and travel requirements: A literature review-and . conceptual framework [PB-254988/9] 13 p0102 N77-11923 CIVIL AVIATIOH Our amazing air transportation system /AIAA-SAE William littlewcod Memorial Lecture/ civil aviation aircraft historical overview UIAA PAPEB 77-356] 13 p0067 A77-18260 The seat belt light is on airline industry economic assessment and forecasts 13 pOOBO A77-19175 The competitive market for commercial VSTOL fAIAA 77-573] 15 p0290 A77-34933 Energy utilization factor in civil transport aircraft 15 p0307 A77-36788 Future aircraft reguirements: A notebook of airline thoughts 13 p0117 H77-13976 Air transport propulsion for the 1980's 13 p0117 N77-13980 Aviation economics commercial airlines fGPO-73-830] 15 p0352 H77-23008 CLEAN EHEBGI Low-sulfur coal obtained by chemical desnlfurization followed by liguefaction 13 pOOOS A77-11242 Evaluation of coal liguefaction efficiency based on various ranks 13 p0009 A77-11214 The influence of the properties of coals on their conversion into clean fuels 13 p0009 A77-11245 Solids gasification for gas turbine fuel 100 and 300 Btu gas 13 p0022 A77-12685 Low-Btu gasification of coal by Atomics International's molten salt process 13 p0023 A77-12687 Hind energy for human needs 11 p0115 A77-21400 Direct and indirect economics of wind energy ' systems relative to fuel based systems 14 p0165 A77r23358 Balancing power supply from wind energy converting systems 11 p0166 A77-23361 Clean fuels f rom biomass 11 p0167 A77-23390 ' Fuel cells - A sleeper in the energy race 14 p0170 A77-23647 Why solar energy advantages over fossil fuel and nuclear energy 11 p0170 A77-23654 Energy from the wind 11 p0179 A77-25575 Coal gasifier projects gather momentum 14 p0181 A77-26290 1 Underground gasification offers clean safe route to coal energy 11 p0184 A77-26292 'Applicability of the Meyers Process for desulfunzation of U.S. coal /A survey of 35 coal mines/ 11 p0191 A77-27278 302 control technologies - Commercial availabilities and economics 14 p0191 A77-27279 A new concept for the manufacture of low sulfur 1 fuels and chemicals f rom coal 14 p0192 A77-27295 Prospects for pipeline delivery of hydrogen as a fuel and as a chemical feedstock 14 p0200 A77-29137 '• Hydrogen energy - Its potential promises and problems 15 p0284 A77-33410 Clean energy f rom Alaskan coals 15 p0301 A77-36333 The IGT low-Btu gas process - Design and economics clean fuel gas from coal 15 p0301 A77-36335 1 Sinkier technology for clean fuels f rom coal 15 p0301 A77-36337 Preliminary economic analysis - oil and power by COED-basei coal conversion 1 15 p0301 A77-36338 Clean fuels f rom biomass, sewage, urban refuse, agricultural wastes; Proceedings of the ' ' Symposium, Orlando, Fla., January 27-30, -*1976 15 p0313 A77-37652 COGAS status report coal processing for clean i liguid and gas fuels 15 p0317 A77-38100 Comparison of different wind energy conversion systems. Part 1: The N O A H system compared with the Ulrica B U T T E R system [BFP-TBAHS-201-PT-1] 15 p0346 H77-22637 HASi Quiet Clean General Aviation Turbofan (QCGAT) program status CNASA-Ta-X-73564] 15 p0353 H77-23109 Static and wind-on tests of an upper-surface-blown i jet-flap nozzle arrangement for use on the Quiet Clean Short-aaul Experimental Engine (QCSEE) t CHASA-TN-D-8476] 15 p0370 H77^25086 CLEAHIBG ' ' Investigation of the mechanism of cleaning heating surfaces oy the pulsation method [^BLL-H-251448-(5828-4F) ] 13 p0112 S77-13235 CLIHATB Heather, climate and human settlements c [SBO-448] 15 p0387 S77-27038 CLIBATOLOGI '' ' The consideration of climatic data* in the prediction of solar-system performance for energy conversion 14 p0202 A77-29569 CLIBBISG PLIGHT Best-range flight conditions for cruise-climb flight of a jet aircraft 13 p0085 F77-10379 CLOSED CYCLES SUBJECT IHDEX CLOSED CYCLES System studies of coal fired-closed cycle BED for central station power plants 13 p0034 677-12786 Systen studies of coal fired-closed cycle BHD for central station power plants 14 p0142 A77-21267 Hydrogen production by means of reactor beat using haloqens and reversible electrochemical methods in a closed cycle process 15 p0276 A77-33350 Thermocheiical cycles utilizing sul fur for hydrogen production f rom water 15 p0276 A77-33353 Closed Brayton cycle turbines for satellite solar power stations 15 p0296 A77-35816 Design of closed-cycle BED generator with noneguilibrium ionization and system 15 p0303 A77-36381 The OTEC answer to OPEC - Solar sea power 15 p0303 A77-36409 Results of closed cycle BHD power generation tests with a helium-cesium working fluid 15 p0326 A77-39533 Argon contamination associated with ceramic regenerative heat exchangers for closed cycle SHD 15 p0326 A77-39536 Coal fired non-eguilibrium closed cycle HHD power plant system since ECAS Energy Conversion Alternatives s tudy 15 p0332 A77-39576 Closed Brayton cycle using hydrogen as a work fluid [BSL-20899] 13 P0065 N77-10542 CLOUD COYEB A method for estimating hourly averages of diffuse and direct solar radiation under a layer of scattered clouds for solar collector design • 13 p0019 A77-12412 Meteorological effects on solar cells '' • 15 p0338 A77-40149 COAL Tfce availability of fuels for power plants 13 p0010 A77-11316 Assessing lov sulfur coal resources in Montana and Uyoming 13 pOOSS A77-16374 Production of atmospheric nitrous oxide by combustion 13 p0061 477-16922 Composition and size distribution of in-stack particulate material at a coal-fired power plant '. . Ill p0139 A77-21018 • - U p g r a d i n g coal liquids to gas turbine fuels. II - Compatibility of coal liguids with petroleum fuels 14 p0177 A77-24852 Upgrading ccal liquids to gas turbine fuels. Ill - Exploratory process studies 14 p0178 A77-24853 Some properties of coal slags of importance to HHD 15 p0330 A77-39563 National Emissions Data Systems (NEDS) fuel use report, 1973 rPB-253908/83 13 p0083 877-10220 Development of signal processing algorithms for ultrasonic detection of coal seam interfaces fHASA-CB-150024] 13 p0085 H77-10610 The long-run marginal costs of energy fPB-252504/6J 13 P0085 N77-10625 The supply of coal in the long run: The case of eastern deep coal CPB-252642/4} 13.p0086 N77-10626 Underground coal mining: An assessment of technology rPB-255726/2). 13 p0093 N77-10974 Bethanol f rom coal fuel and other applications ' [OBAD-126] 13 p0094 N77-11200 Applying computer-drawn naps of geologic data to ; analysis of mining problems , fPB-255497/0] 13 p0096 H77-11518 The air guality and economic implications of supplementary control systems in Illinois considering electric power plant fuels [PB-255699/1] 13 p O I O I H77-11588 An application of EEIS technology to the evaluation of coal strip mining and reclamation in the northern Great Plains f |iaS4-CB-119208J 13 p010a S77-12U86 Laws and regulations affecting coal with summaries of Federal. State, and local laws and regulations pertaining to air and water pollution control, reclamation, diligence and health and safety, part 1 [PB-255927/6] 13 P0110 N77-12592 Laboratory analysis of solvent refined coal [PB-255S50/61 13 P0110 S77-12598 Availability of potential coal supply through 1985 by guality cnaracteristics [PB-2566dO/0] ' 13 p0121 N77-14573 Velocity and temperature distributions of coal-sliq layers on magnetohydrodynamic generators walls f N A S A - I N - O - 8 3 9 6 1 14 p0207 N77-16445 Degasification and production of natural gas f rom an airshaft in 'the Pittsburgh coalbed [PB-258101/5) 10 p0210 N77-17555 Production and consumption of coal, 1976 - 1980 rPB-2574l(1/61 14 p0212 B77-17593 Research and development of rapid hydrogenation for coal conversion to synthetic motor fuels (riser cracking of coal) CPE-2307-21 14 p0224 N77-19637 Combustion jates and mechanisms of pulverized coals and coal-derived fuels rSAND-76-3229 1 14 p0224 N77-19638 The spatial characteristics of three W y o m i n g fuels [AD-A030d73 ] 14 p0233 N77-20612 Potential for producing and marketing gasoline substitutes £'rom western coal [BN3L-208 l ) (HAP-4) ] 15 p0340 N77-22291 Historical trends in coal utilization and supply [PB-261278/6] 15 P0341 N77-22295 Size diestribution and mass output of particulates from diesei engine exhausts [PB-261416/2J 15 p0351 N77-22732 Assessment application for direct coal combustion - • fPB-263651/21 15 p0359 N77-24318 Comprehensive ground control study of a mechanized longwall operation. Volume 2: Special reports. 1: Physical properties of coal and coal measure rocks. 2: Bearing capacity of roof and floor rocks. 3: Response of borehole pressure cells. 4: .Installation of subsurface instrumentation' [PB-262475/51 15 p0368 N77-24711 Thermal staoility of some aircraft turbine fuels derived f r o m oil shale and coal CNASA-Id-i-3551] 15 p0370 N77-25345 Evaluation of c'urrent surface coal mining overburden-handl ing techniques and reclamation practices • ' [PB-264111/6] • 15 P0372 N77-25625 •Electric utility coal consumption* and generation ' trends, 1976-1985 [PB-262433/1] 15 p0374 N77-25667 CDIP combustor design • [TID-2714J] 15 p0377 N77-26393 Internalizing social costs in power plant siting: Some examples for coal and nuclear plants in the United States TCOKF-76H03-16J 15 p0386 H77-26816 ' Technology and use of low-rank coals in the USA [CONF-760495-1] ,.. 15 p0392 H77-27519 Energy and as agriculture. 1974 data base, volume 1. Part i: OS series of energy tables. Part B: State secies of energy tables [PB-264449/0] 15 p0395 N77-27562 TBW 25 HH/sub T/staged BHD coal combustor conceptual design study [TID-2714S] i 15 p0396 N77-27922 COIL 6ASIFICAIIOB Energy and the gas industry 13 p0005 A77-11032 ^ Remote sensing of an underground coal-burn cavity with a wide-band induction system 13 pOOOT A77-11050 prospects for coal as a direct fuel and its potential through application of liquefaction and gasification technology . 13 pOOOS A77-11241 Catalytic coal gasification for SHG production Synthetic natural Gas 13 p0022 A77-12683 Recovery of inaccessible coal reserves by in situ gasification 13 p0022 &77-12686 1-22 SUBJECT IBDEZ COIL GiSIPICAIIOH COHID Low-Btp gasification of coal by Atonies International's molten salt process 13 p0023 477-12687 Operation of the Sestinghouse coal Gasification Process Developnent Dnit 13 p0023 A77-12689 Diversification as an energy conservation strategy 13 p0027 A77-12725 The potential of the beat pipe in coal gasification processes 13 p0031 477-12763 Heat pipes for fluid-bed gasification of coal - Metallurgical condition of heat pipes after tests in process environment 13 p0031 477-12764 The commercial production of hydrogen by the K-T process 13 p0032 477-12769 Hydrogen separation and compression through hydride formation and dissociation by low-level heat 13 p0032 477-12770 Underground gasification of coal: 4 national Coal Board reappraisal, 1976 Book . 13 p0044 477-12926 Combination power plants for improved utilization of fossil fuels 13 p0045 477-12939 Combined cycles and refined coal gasification plant using high temperature gas turbines 13 p0058 477-16219 Hater reguirements for an integrated SNG plant and mine operation 13 p0060 477-16651 Superalloys for advanced energy systems 13 p0061 477-16824 Differential scanning calorimetry studies on coal. II - Hydrogenation of coals 13 p0070 477-18583 Coal gasification and its relation to tested power plants 14 p0136 477-20074 Effects of devolatilization kinetics and ash behavior on coal fired HHD combustor design 14 p0141 477-21248 Applications of the rapid devolatilization of coal in MED power cycles 14 p0141 477-21249 ttathematical simulation of the fixed-bed pressurized gasification process 14 p0164 477-23097 How six coal gasification processes compare economically 14 p0165 477-23308 Low-Btu gas frcm coal has many potential markets 14 p0165 477-23309 Coal - The fossil energy source for the transition period 14 p0167 A77-23392 The thermal efficiency and cost of producing hydrogen and other synthetic aircraft fuels f rom coal 14 p0171 477-23718 Future energy production systems: Heat and mass transfer processes. Volume 2 Book 14 p0174 477-24201 Gasification of coal and its future aspects regarding the use of heat from high-temperature nuclear reactors 14 p0175 477-24210 Gasification of coal in high-velocity fluidized beds 14 p0175 477-24211 Analysis of coal particles undergoing rapid pyrolysis in gasification and liguefaction processes 14 p0175 477-24212 Gasification of Rhenish brown coal as mined 14 p0175 477-24213 Design studies of the hydrogasification of coal 14 p0175 477-24214 Coal qasifier projects gather momentum 14 p0184 477-26290 Underground gasification offers clean safe route to coal energy 14 p0184 477-26292 Recent tests of industrial gas turbine combustors fueled with simulated low heating value coal gas [4SHE P4PBB 76-iA/GT-3] 14 p0185 477-26459 The status of instrumentation and process control techniques for in situ coal gasification 14 p0191 477-26790 Dilute-phase hydrogasification process for SNG production 14 p0191 477-27277 applications of the Hoodall-Duckham two stage coal gasification 14 p0191 477-27284 Fluidised coal combustion - Ihat can be done now 14 p0191 477-27285 The SYNTHAHS process - Current status coal gasification 14 p0192 477-27286 Environmental aspects of coal conversion plant siting and cost of pollution control 14 p0192 477-27293 HZG4S process update hydrogen gasification of coal 14 p0192 477-27296 The Biley-Horgan gasifier 14 p0193 477-27298 Hobil process tor the conversion of methanol to gasoline 14 p0193 A77-27299 Current status of the BI-GAS process 14 p0193 477-27300 Underground gasification of coal 14 p0198 477-28759 Theoretical work on reaction sequences in the gasification of coke by carbon dioxide and by steam in conditions remote from equilibrium 14 p0198 477-28776 Reactivity heat-treated coals in hydrogen for synthetic aethane production 14 p0198 477-28777 Gasification of coals treated with non-aqueous solvents. I - Liquid ammonia treatment of a bituminous coal 14 p0198 477-28778 Coal devolatilization and hydrogasification 14 p0200 477-29450 Hydrogenation of lignite with synthesis gas 14 p0201 477-29525 Hew hydrogen process is in the works 14 p0205 477-29789 Methanol - 4 clean burning fuel for automobile engines 14 p0205 477-29930 Applications of fluidized beds 'in coal technology 15 p0262 477-31470 Coal gasification : by destructive distillation and coke residue gasification processes 15 p0262 A77-31471 Gas economy - Sas technology energy supply and utilization 15 p0263 477-31576 Considerations on coal gasification 15 p0266 A77-32169 Synthesis of substitute natural gas on the basis of coal 15 p0268 477-32249 The manufacture.of hydrogen from coal 15 p0275 477-33337 The K-T process - Koppers commercially proven coal and multi-xuel gasifier for synthetic gas production in the chemical and fertilizer industries 15 p0275 477-33338 Economic comparison of synthetic fuels - Gasification and liquefaction 15 p0300 477-36329 Evaluation of the Lawrence Livermore Laboratory in-situ coal gasification concept 15 p0300 477-36332 Flash hydropyrolysis process for conversion of lignite to liquid and gaseous products 15 p0301 477-36334 The IGT low-Btu gas process - Design and economics clean fuel gas from coal 15 p0301 477-36335 Fuel gas production via Koppers-Totzek gasification - An economic analysis 15 p0301 477-36336 Kinkier technology for clean fuels from coal 15 p0301 477-36337 Economics of ethylene production via pyrolysis of coal based Fischer-Tropsch hydrocarbons 15 p0301 477-36339 4-23 COIL GASIFICATIOB COHTD SUBJECT IHDEX Technology and economics of industrial fuel gas fron coal 15 p0302 177-36342 Coal gasification update 15 p0306 177-36763 Factors influencing the economics of large-scale in sita coal gasificaticn operations 15 p0306 A77-36765 Direct production of methane and benzene froa 'coal 15 p0306 A77-36766 Symposium on Gasification and Liquefaction of Coal, Duesseldorf, lest Germany, January 12-16, 1976, Reports • • • . . 1 5 p0307 A77-36806 north American vievs of energy choices for the future particularly fluid fuels synthesized from coal 15 p0307 A77-36807 Trends in vestern Europe lignite gasification cost effectiveness 15 p0308 A77-36808 Fundamentals of coal gasification • 15 p0308 A77-36809 Conventional gasification technologies 15 p0308 A77-36810 Advanced*gasification technologies" 15 p0308 A77-36811 Gasification and generation of electricity -— coal utilization 15 p0308 A77-36812 Underground gasification of coal for deep depost in situ processing 15 p0308 A77-36813 Coal gasification pover generation 15 p0310 A77-37000 COGAS status report coal processing for clean liquid and qas fuels 15 p0317 A77-38100 Progress on the selective removal of B2S from gasified coal using an immobilized liguid membrane 15 p0318 A77-38146 A review of gasification for power generation 15 p0322 177-38790 Materials consideration for the Bigas coal gasification pilot plant t A S M E PAPEB 76-PVP-411 15 p0323 177-38825 Snlfidation of. 310' stainless steel at sulfur potentials encountered in coal conversion systems 15 p0337 A77-40028 Corrosion behavior of materials for coal-gasification applications • ' ' 15 P0337 177-40029 Metal dusting'corrosion in coal gasification environments 15 p0337 177-40042 Gasification of coal and its future aspects regarding the use of heat fron high-temperature nuclear reactors ri»IS-BF-1965l 13 p0084 H77-1,0228 Idvanced coal gasification system for electric pover generation pollution monitoring fFE-1514-176] 13 p0088 N77-10653 Handbook of gasifiers and gas treatment systems tFE-1772-11] 13 p0088 H77-10658 Underground fuel gasification [OCBL-TB1HS-10998] 13 p0088 H77-10659 Beductant gases for flue gas desulfurization systems [PB-254168/8] 13 p0092 H77-10722 Computer modeling of coal gasification reactors [FE-1770-43 13 p0093 N77-10812 Basic studies of coal pyrolysis and hydroqasification tPB-254878/2] 13 p0096 F77-11511 Problems and solutions in the use of coal analyses CFE-0390-1] 13 p0097 H77-11535 The use of an interactive energy model for technology assessment vith special reference to underground coal gasification [PB-255543/1] 13 p0098 S77-11545 Draft environmental assessment of application by EBDA for a special land use pernit for use of public lands in Wyoming for in situ coal gasification experiments COCID-17011] 13 p0100 H77-11572 Environmental impact studies related to underground coal gasification [TID-27003] 13 p0100 H77-11573 Field test sampling/analytical strategies and implementation cost estimates: Coal gasification and flue gas desnlfnrization [PB-254166/2] 13 p0101 877-11581 Preliminary economics and comment: In-sitn gasification of coal for pover and SNG [PB-256034/OJ 13 p0109 B77-12554 Outlook for research and development in the underground gasification of coal [PB-256155/3] 13 p0109 H77-12555 High temperature gas turbine engine CFE-1765-8] 13 p0120 H77-14488 Evaluation of pollution control in fossil fuel conversion processes CPB-255842/7) 13 p0125 1177-14638 Coal gasification commercial concepts: Gas cost guidelines '[FB-1235-1] . . 13 p0130 H77-15500 Development work for an advanced coal gasification system for electric pover generation from coal directed tovard a commercial gasification generating plant, phase 2 [FE-1521-13] 13 p0130 B77-15501 Preliminary design services coal conservation demonstration plants tFE-1775-3] 13 p0130 H77-15502 Catalytic synthesis of gaseous hydrocarbons CFE-1814-2] 13 p0130 H77-15503 Branched thermocouple circuits in underground coal gasification experiments [SAHD-75-5910] 13 p0130 H77-15504 Hot and dry char let dovn system for the Synthane demonstration plant, phase 1 [PEBC-0053-4] 13 p0130 H77-15505 Fuel' gas environmental impact CPB-257134/7] ' 14 p0209 1177-16470 Becoyery of inaccessible coal reserves by in situ gasification [COHF-760906-5] 14 p022fl H77-19636 Production of ammonia using coal as a source of hydrogen [PB-259388/7] 14 p0233 B77-20613 The manufacture of.hydrogen from coal 14 p0237 H77-21566 The K-T process: Koppers commercially proven coal and multi-fuel gasifier for synthetic gas production in the chemical and fertilizer industries 14 p0237 B77-21567 Bydrogen production from coal using a nuclear heat source 14 p0238 N77-21568 The thermal efficiency and cost of producing hydrogen and other synthetic aircraft fuels from coal 14 p0243 H77-21627 Hydrogen production from coal liquefaction residues tPB-261734/8] 15 p0350 H77-22687 Initial environmental test plan for source assessment of coal gasification tPB-261916/1J 15 p0350 H77-22705 Projects to expand fuel sources in eastern states: Survey of planned or proposed coal mines, coal and noncaa'l conversion plants, electric generating plants, oil refineries, uranium enrichment facilities, and related infrastructure, in states east of the Bississippi £iver (as of June 1976) [PB-262361/9] 15 p0374 H77-25669 Energy Conversion Alternatives Study (BCAS) , phase 2. Volume 1: Executive summary [HASA-CH-134949-VOL-1] 15 p0379 H77-26631 Energy Conservation Alternatives Study (ECAS) , phase 2: Volume 2: Advanced energy conversion systems, - conceptual designs. Part 1: Analytical approach [NASA-CB-134949-VOL-2-PT-T] 15 p0379 H77-26632 Energy Conversion Alternatives Study (ECAS) , phase 2. Volume 2: Advanced energy conversion systems - conceptual designs. Part 2: Closed turbine cycles [H1S1-CB-134949-VOL-2-PT-2] 15 p0379 H77-26633 Energy Conversion llternatives Study (EC1S) , phase 2. Volume 2; Advanced energy conversion systems - conceptual designs. Part 3: Open cycle gas turbines and open cycle HHD [N1S1-CB-134949-VOL-2-PT-3 ] 15 p0379 H77-26634 1-24 SUBJECT IBDBI COIL LIQOEF&CTIOB Energy Conversion alternatives Study (ECAS), phase 2. Volnnie 2: Advanced energy conversion systems: Conceptual designs. Part 1: Summary of results CHASA-CB-134949-VOL-2-PT-4;! 15 p0380 N77-26635 Energy Conversion Alternatives Study (ECAS), phase 2. Volume 3: Research and development plans and implementation assessment [NAS4-CB-134949-VOL-3] 15 p0380 H77-26636 Energy Conversion Alternatives Study (ECAS), phase 2. Integrated coal gasifier/nolten carbonate fuel cell poverplant conceptual design and implementation assessment r.NASA-CB-134955] 15 p0380 N77-26637 . Utilization of' Ion and intermediate BID gas from coal for iron ore pelletizing rPB-264702/2] 15 p0389 N77-27247 Prevention of Failures in Coal Conversion Systems: Prodeedings of the 24th fleeting of the Mechanical Failures Prevention Group rPB-265552/0] . . . 15 p0395 1177-27563 COAL LIQUEFACTION Prospects for coal as a direct fuel and its potential through application of liquefaction and gasification technology 13 pOOOS A77-1.121I1 Low-sulfur coal obtained by chemical desulfurization followed by liquefaction 13 pOOOS A77-11242 Catalytic hydrogenation of solvent-refined lignite to liquid fuels 13 pOOOS A77-11243 Evaluation of coal liguefaction efficiency based on various ranks 13 p0009 A77-11244 •The influence of the properties of coals on their conversion into clean fuels 13 p0009 A77-112 . 1 3 p0072 A77-19049 ^Concentration of scattered radiation by solar collectors • 15 p0316 A77-37768 DIFFOSEBS Potential application o£ radial splitter diffuser to shrouded wind turbines 14 p0199 A77-29071 Design, construction, and testing of a compact, -. lightweight combustion driven HHD generator channel and diffuser ' • • 15 p0326 A77-39532 Subsonic HHD-diffuser performance with high blockage 15 P0331 A77-39567 DIFFUSION BBLDIHG Development and testing of solar water-heating . boilers manufactured by diffusion welding 15 p0316 A77-37773 DIGESTING .Energy balance for anaerobic digestion 14 p0138 A77-20999 Packed bed digestion of solid wastes 15 p0323 A77-39107 DIGITAL DATA Besults from circumsolar radiation measurements [LBL-5292] 15 P0382 N77-26657 DIGITAL SIH01ATIOH Performance of an annular cylindrical solar collector 13 p0073 A77-19059 DIGITAL TECBIIQDBS A mathematical model for the digital computation of the hours of sunshine on an inclined plane 14 p0166 A77-23382 Modeling algorithms and their implementation on a digital computer for -calculating the capacity of storage cells at wind-power and solar energy installations 15 p0316 A77-37775 DIBBCf COBBBHT Pulsed energy conversion with a dc superconducting •agcet 13 pOOSI A77-19293 A theory of control for a class of electronic power processing systems: Energy—storage dc-to-dc converters ' fNASA-CH-152696] 15 p0344 H77-2261« DIRECT POKBH GBNBSATOBS Energy recovery from saline water by means of electrochemical cells 13 p0013 A77-11536 A microwave energy converter with a reversing magnetic field 14 p0139 A77-21154 • ' A direct converter based upon space charge effects 10. p0184 A77-26160 DISCONNECT DEVICES Progress in switching technology for NETS systems Magnetic Energy Transfer and Storage 15 p0303 A77-36377 DISKS The disk geometry applied to open cycle BHD power ( ' generation - Experiments and theoretical considerations 15 p0325 A77-39531 DISPLAY DEVICES General Electric Company study for defining the number of residential and non-residential • "projects. National Solar Demonstration Program ''tCOO-2683-76-7] 14 p0217 H77-18579 Annual cycle energy system: Initial investigations : [OBNL-IK-5525] 15 p0364 H77-24599 D1SSOLV1BG Mechanisms of coal particle dissolution 13 pOOS9 A77-16475 DISTILLATION Petroleum market shares: A report on sales of distillate.and residual fuel oil to ultimate consumers,'1975 [PB-260565/7) 15 p03U1 H77-22292 DISTILLATIOH EaUIPHENT Economic data for a 50,000 BPD Lurgi/Euhrgas shale oil plant • ' 15 p0300 A77-36331 DISTBIBDTIOH FUNCTIONS Experience in using bimodal distribution curves to - - evaluate tae reliability of systems supplying energy from renewable sources solar and wind systems for radio relay links 14 p0201 A77-29535 DISDLFIDES Ambient temperature electric vehicle batteries based on lithium and titanium disnlfide 13 p0025 A77-.12706 DIOEHAL VABIAXIOIS Selection of optimal pan color for solar water heater 13 p0078 A77-19104 The advantages of sun tracking for planar silicon solar cells ' 14 p0181 A77-25904 .study of an absorption solar refrigeration unit functioning on a round-the-clock basis 15 p0316 A77-37772 DIVI DEBS The pressure divider - A device for reducing gas-pipe-line.pumping-energy requirements 13 p0028 A77-12735 DOSESTIC BSBBGI The overcoming of energy deficiencies with the aid of wind power 13 pOOOB A77-11174 Prospects for coal as a direct fuel and its potential through application of liquefaction and gasification technology 13 pOOOB A77-11241 The'wind and its effect on the heating regairements 13 p0009 A77-11266 Optimal thermal insulation as an investment-computational problem : 13 p0009 A77-11268 The assurance of the heat supply with respect to the primary energy use in the case of heating and air conditioning installations 13 p0009 A77-11270 Energy: A radical redirection 13 p0010 A77-11275 The utility of waters from the high-temperature areas in Iceland for space heating as determined by their chemical composition 13 p0012 A77-11496 A-45 DOSBSTIC ENERGY CONTD SUBJECT IHDEX Energy in the household - Comparison of heating costs and prognosis concerning the consumption of energy until 1985 13 pOOIS' 477-12059 The shaping of our needs in mineral caw materials and sources for aeeting those needs Hungarian survey 13 p0017 A77-12246 Developments in solar energy utilisation in the United Kingdom 13 p0018 A77-12402 The solar water heater industry in South Florida - History and projections 13 p0018 A77-121103 Thermal evaluation of a house using a movable-insulation heating and cooling system 13 p0019 A77-12407 A method of testing for rating solar collectors based on thermal performance 13 p0019 A77-12408' A forced circulation system for sclar water heating 13 p0019 A77-12413 Hethod of accounting for the ambiguity of initial information in the optimization of regional fuel/energy balance 13 p0020 A7.7-12657 Modeling residential energy use 13 p0027 A77-12726 Thermal energy storage applied to residential heating systems 13 p0027 A77-12729 Space heating systems new and conventional in the Northwest with emphasis on alternate energy adaptations 13 p0028 A77-12736 Geothermal studies in northern Nevada 13 p0029 A77-12742 Solar-powered Bankine-cycle heat pump system 13 p0036 A77-12800 New concepts in solar photovoltaic electric power systems design ' 13 P0038 A77-12817 An integrated photovoltaic/thermal High Intensity Solar Energy System /HISES/ concept for residential applications 13 p0039 A77-12818 ' A summary of solar heating and cooling of buildings /SBACOB/ - Phase I demonstration planning studies 13 p0039 A77-12821 Long term performance prediction of residential solar energy heating systems 13 P0039 A77-12822 Experimental evaluation of the University of Florida solar powered ammonia/water absorption air conditioning system 13 p0039 A77-12823 Detailed geographic analysis of residential energy consumption 13 p0043 A77-12864 Siting of wind driven apparatus 13 p0013 A77-12865 The consumer's cost of electricity from windmills 13 p0043 A77-12866 Scientific-technological problems of the development of a fuel-energy complex in the USSB 13 p0051 A77-14703 The potential for application of energy storage capacity on electric utility systems in the United States. I 13 p0054 A77-15625 Energy and environmental considerations in extending heat pnmp applications 13 p0062 .A77- 17058 Homeowner 's guide to solar heating and cooling —.- Book 13 p0062 A77-17525 Contribution of the heat carried by solar radiation to the thermal balance of a room during the cold season and its effect on • domestic fuel consumption 13 p0063 A77-17558 A solac house with heat pipe collectors : 13 p0070 477-18598 Development of a mobile solar testing and recording /STAB/ system trailer for domestic hot water system testing : 13 p0072 477-19047 Survey of absorption refrigeration systems 13 p0078 A77-19105 Solar-powered housing unit - Simulation of solar heating and cooling in Saudi Arabia 13 p0078 A77-19110 Preliminary design data for a solar house in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia 13 p0078 477-19112 Heating a building by means of solar and electrical energy 13 p0078 477-19113 Application of solar heat to buildings in Austria 13 p0079 A77-19114 Environmentally designed housing incorporating solar energy 13 p0079 A77-19115 Lumiducts ror Ecopolis urban solar light collection and transmission system 13 p0079 A77-19116 Bater pumping - A practical application of solar energy 13 p0079 A77-19117 Hind power wind-powered plant design 114 p0136 A77-20042 The energy crisis today - A perspective 114 p0137 A77-20390 Commuter van programs - An assessment 1H p0137 A77-20391 The current status of the 0.5. Photovoltaic Conversion Program 1U p0147 A77-21782 Photovoltaic test and demonstration project residential energy program 14 p0153 A77-21838 Solar space aeating and cooling with Bi-heat source heat p u m p and hot water supply system 14 p0158 A77-22643 Preliminary performance of CSO Solar House I heating and cooling system 14 p0158 A77 r22644_ Impacts of fu tu r e use of electric cars in OS cities 14 p0161 A77-22902 Raw materials for energy generation in Canada 14 p0165 477-23315 Clean fuels f rom biomass 14 p0167 A77-23390 The ASHRAE monograph on applications of solar energy for heating and cooling buildings 14 p0167 A77-23441 Solar energy retrofit for existing buildings 14 p0168 477-23444 The national laser-fusion program 14 p0168 A77-23502 A progress report on the national program for solar heating and cooling 14 p0170 477-23656 Gasification of Rhenish brown coal as mined 14 p0175 A77-24213 A methodological survey of energy modeling 14 p0177 477-24592 Prospects for fusion energy 14 p0178 A77-24928 Energy from the wind 14 p0179 A77-25575 A comparative study of the effectiveness of baseboard con vectors versus forced air solar heating at tne University of Florida Solar House 14 p0182 A77-26058 Recovery of energy from solid waste - An answer to some of southern California's problems 14 p0182 477-26078 The high potential of wind as an energy source 14 p0183 A77-26084 Coal gasifier projects gather momentum 14 p0184 A77-26290 An economic evaluation of small-scale wind powered electric generation systems [ASHE PAPER 76-iA/ENER-1] 14 p0185 A77-26430 Design criteria for reducing pollutant emissions and fuel consumption by residential oil-fueled combustors [ASHE PAPER 76-BA/FD-10] 14 p0185 A77-26457 Performance of flat-plate collectors with planar reflectors [ASSB PAPER 76-BA/HT-27] 14 p0186 A77-26478 The New Mexico Department of Agriculture solar heated and cooled building CASBE PAPER 76-BA/SOL-10] 14 p0189 A77-26515 »-46 SUBJECT IBDEZ DB4G SEDDCTIOH Design and simulation studies for the Shenandoah Community Center large-scale solar cooling demonstration fASME PAPER 76-HVSOL-15] 11 p0189 477-26520 Solar heating and cooling and energy conservation potentials fcr commercial buildings fASME PAPER 76-WA/SOL-17] 14 p0189 477-26522 A preliminary assessment of solar energy technology FASME PAPBB 76-SA/TS-1] 14 p0190 477-26531 Political and economic justification for immediate realization of a syn fuels industry 14 p0191 477-27276 On enthalpy management in small buildings energy storage ana conservation in residential structures 14 p0194 477-27354 The HBB solar houses - Design, operation, and experience 14 pO.197 477-28678 Possibilities and economic limits concerning solar heating 14 p0197 477-28679 Physical, chemical, and technological principles of latent beat storage 14 p0203 477-29571 Development of solar tover program in the united States 14 p0204 477-29591 Design and performance studies on a solar room heater .15 p0255 477-30314 Dimensioning of the solar heating system in the Zero Energy House in Denmark 15 p0256 477-30319 Lighting with sunlight using sun tracking concentrators 15 P0260 477-31245 The lair for saving energy and its significance for energy politics 15 p0261 477-31372 Energy savings by application of knowledge of building physics, i - Rail permeability and its significance for the atmospheric conditions in the building interior, the design and the thermal characteristics of windows, problems concerning the permeability of the joints 15 p0261 477-31373 Economy of tap water heating in summer by means of solar energy 15 p0261 477-31374 Optimal tap water heating 15 p0261 477-31375 Thermal energy storage in building elements, water and rock beds 15 p0264 477-31698 Cooling with solar energy 15 p0268 477-32401 Technical prospects for commercial and residential distribution and utilization of hydrogen ' 15 p0283 477-33404 E R D 4 ' s hydrogen programs 15 p0284 477-33412 4 simplified equilibrium model of the U.S. energy-economic system and its use in comparing alternatives 15 P0285 477-33421 The future outlook for D.S. electricity supply and demand 15 p0286 477-33496 Summary of 1976 geothermal drilling - Western United States 15 p0286 477-33522 Sun power: 4n introduction to the applications of solar energy Book 15 p0288 477-33967 The University of Florida solar house .15 p0294 477-35317 Solar energy prospects grow for DS southwest 15 p0297 477-36049 A comparison of residential and commercial energy use in the Dnited states and Sweden 15 P0297 477-36114 Historical patterns of residential and commercial energy uses 15 p0298 477-36244 Economics of crude oil and natural gas - Cost of adding production 15 p0300 477-36327 80 per cent of the heat requirements satisfied by the. sun in solar house . 15 p0304 A77-J6450 Energy research overview - Alternatives for energy development [A4S 75-280] 15 p0304 477-36555 4ctive solar-haating systems for houses 15 p0306 477-36724 Toward estanlishing a national energy policy 15 p0307 A77-36767 Residential energy use alternatives to the year 2000 15 p0307 A77-36768 Economic benefits of energy conservation 15 p0307 477-36797 The economics of solar home heating systems for the southwest region 15 p0309 A77-36824 Overview of energy supply and demand 15 p0313 A77-37653 Solar heating in residential houses in Uzbekistan 15 p0316 477-37774 Future trends in electrical energy generation economics in the United States 15 p0317 477-37960 & United States energy model economically driven by a gloual growth simulation 15 p0319 477-38220 The Energy Supply Planning Model - A working tool for regional analysis of alternative national . energy policies 15 p0319 477-38221 A solar heating system simulation model 15 p0319 477-38222 Comparative energy policies of France, England, and Germany. II - Electricity and nuclear energy 15 p0324 477-39505 Ultimate consumption of fuel and energy in the nonindustrial sector 15 p0334 477-39668 Geothermal aeat - instead of electrically powered 'compression - proposed for cooling a small residence or office building . 15 p0335 477-39818 The Philips ensrgy-experimentation house -. Results and experience 15 p0336 477-39982 The solar system in the solar house Dornier/RWE in •• Es^en p 15 p0336 477-39983 The BBC solar house - Design and experience 15 p0336 477-39984 The 9BB solar houses - Design, operation, and experience ' "' ~ 15 p0336 477-39985 Solar energy as contribution to the energy budget - Probleus of storage 15 p0336 477-39986 Heat pumps in solar installations 15 p0337 477-39987 Calculation and optimization of solar-energy' .' systems which provide hot water 15 p0337 477-39988 The BBC Solarwatt system for domestic hot water supply 15 p0337 477-39989 Possibilities and limitations concerning the economy of solar heating systems 15 p0337 A77-39990 Residential energy use alternatives to the year 2000 •[COHF-760648-1] 14 p0223 H77-19625 Technical review and analysis of the total utility demonstration plant design and operational concept tAD-4037016] 15 p0398 N77-28040 DOHESTIC SATELLITE COHHUHIC4TIOHS STSTEHS Satellite communications for off-shore oil " operations using HEST4H 13 p0053 477-15130 DRAFT (GAS FLOS) Dynamic characteristics of the desalfurization plant boiler draft system for power stations 15 p0338 477-40201 DR4G BEASDRBHBST »ind tunnel measurements of the tower shadow on models of the ERDA/NASA 100 KW wind turbine tower rNASA-TH-X-73548] 13 p0114 H77-13534 DRAG BEDOCTIOH »ind tunnel investigation of devices to reduce bus aerodynamic drag [AIAA PAPiJ£ 77-307] 13 p0066 477-18232 S-47 DBIILIHG SOBJECT IBDEX DBILLIBG Geothernal energy development 13 p0064 A77-17801 Economics of erode oil and natural gas - Cost of . adding prodnction 15 P0300 A77-36327 Evaluation of the Laurence Livermore Laboratory ,. in-situ coal gasification concept 15 p0300 A77-36332 Drilling-for energy resources [PB-259206/1] 11 p0235 B77-20972 The Hawaii geothermal project, initial phase 2 progress report CPB-263120/8] 15 p0355 B77-23594 DBOF TBABSJBB Evaporation of solution droplets in a high-temperature medium potassium carbonate BHD flow properties 13 p0046 477-13254 Evaporation of a drop of solution in a high-temperature medium potassium carbonate• BHD flow properties 15 p0263 A77-31534 DROPS (LIQUIDS) Infrared extinction spectra of some common liguid aerosols 15 p0290 A77-34561 DBY CELLS Review of electrode designs and' fabrication techniques for lithiun-aluminum/iron sulfide cells 13 p0025 A77-12713 Development status of lithium-silicon-iron sulfide .load-leveling hatteries 13 p0026 A77-12714 DBY BEAT 1ASL hot dry rock qeothermal project CLA-6525-PH] 15 p0372 N77-25639 DBYIH6 Drying of refuse-derived fuel for energy recovery from municipal solid vaste , • . 14 p0182 A77-26071 DBIIHG APPARATUS Grain drying in stationary bins with solar heated- air 13 p0019 A77-12411 DUCTED BODIES: • Lumiducts for Ecopolis urban solar light . .• collection and transmission system -• 13 p0079 A77-19116 DOST . . Particle size distributions of dusts in the flue gas of power plants and in atmospheric air - - . 15 p0265 A77-31889 DYHABIC CHABACTEBISTICS Linear model of a dissipative PRO shunt regulator . —-Pulse Hidth Modulation ... . 13 pOOSO A77-19172 Dynamic characteristics of the desulfurization plant boiler draft system for power stations 15 p0338 477-40201 On the nature of fluctuations in an open cycle magnetohydrodynamic generator 13 p0117 B77-13841 Transfer function analysis of heat pipes . 13 p0119 H77-14385 Coupled dynamics analysis ofrwind energy systems' fBASA-CB-135152] 14 p0228 N77-20558 Dynamics systems analysis of the relation between energy and the economy : fBBL-21667] 14 p0235 S77-20931 Dynamic tests of hydrogen-powered 1C engines • for mass transit vehicles 14 p0244 H77-21633 DYB4HIC COBTBOL Dynamic'modeling and control of magnetchydrodynamic/stean electrical power -- generating plants 15 p0332 A77-39572 DYBASIC BODELS ! A system model for the investigation of alternative energy strategies German book : 13 pOOBO A77-19181 A methodological survey of energy modeling 14 p0177 A77-24592 Experimental solar heating-cooling system model tests of a full-scale building system 15 p0319 477-38224 An estimate of the interaction of a limited array of windmills —- feasibility of vindppwer group station for proposed site [DH-16.] . 13 p0114:H77-13539 DIBiHIC PBOGBAMMIHG . Study to assess the application of shadow pricing techniques to national energy resource planning [BBL-50537) 15 p0369 H77-24997 DYBAHIC STBUCTUBAL ABALYSIS Some dynamic problems of rotating windmill systems 13 p0084 B77-10271 A 100-kH wind turbine blade dynamics analysis, weight-balance, and structural test results fBASA-CB-134957] 14-p0236 B77-21468 DIBAHIC TESTS Dynamic tests of hydrogen-powered 1C engines - 15 p0282 A77-33395 EARTH CBOST . . - I he question of the utilization of geothermal energy in dry rocks /dry walls/ • •15 p0303 A77-36348 Geothermal.significance of magnetotellaric > sounding in the eastern Snake Biver Plain-Yellowstone region 15 p0310 A77-36999 Cross structural plan of the earth's crust and the problem of tae manifestation of its Plutonic elements on the surface (Tyan-Shan and Turan . plate as examples) [BASA-TT-F-16938] 13 p011 T. B77-13590 EABCH EBVIB08SBHT Environmental impact of space manufacturing . '•' ' [ A I A A PAPBB 77-539] 15 p0266 A77-32062 E4BTB BESOURCES The energy proolem and the earth's fuel situation 13 p0004 477-11027 Energy analysis i n modelling . : . : - . 13 p0007'A77-11047 A word on worldwide petroleum resources 13 p0011 477-11336 Concerning world oil resources.' II - Statistical logistic models /King Hubbert 's models/ 13 p0011 A77-11339 lorld oil resources. Ill - The geological analogy method ' -' . . .-.- '; 13 p0012 477-11341 . Borld'petroleum resources. IV - Probabilistic methods' - ' ' • 13 p0012 A77-11342 The world's oil resources. T - Becovery rates : 13 p0012 A77-11343 Synthetic fuels - Prices, prospects, and.prior art 13 p0017 A77-12236 Energy: Conversion and utilization Book 13 p0052 A77-1U957 Seothermal sources and their utilization ' • ' 13 p0055 A77-15803 Perspectives for world energy production 13 p0056'A77-16202 Hore about qeothermal steam or the hottest energy prospect ever Book 1« p0191' A77-26925 Bet energy analyses for liquid-dominated and vapor-dominated hydrothermal energy-resource developments ' 14 p0194 A77-27351 Uorld coal resources and the role of coal in turn-of—tae-century energy economy 14 p0198 A77-287S8 Dnconventional petroleum and natural gas resources. II - Additional gas resources 14 p0198 A77-28760 Energy and natural resources 15 p0263 A77-31574 Space: A resource for earth - An A I A A review Book 15 p0269 477-32440 •Free* and renewable energy sources 15 p0289 477-34306 Overview of energy supply and demand . . 15 p0313 477-37653 Wastes and biooass as energy resources - An overview 15 p0313 A77-37654 Besearch to anticipate environmental impacts of changing resource usage CPB-256293/2] 13 p0101 B77-11602 S-4'8 SUBJECT IHDBI ECONOMIC iHlLYSIS An~application of EETS technology to the evaluation of coal strip mining and reclamation in the northern Great Plains rNASA-CR-1492081 13 p0104 N77-12486 The spatial characteristics of three Wyoming fuels <* FAD-A0308731 - 14 p0233 N77-20612 A process for coastal resource management and impact assessment [PB-264811/1] 15 p0376 H77-260045 EiEIB SDHFACE Determination of average ground reflectivity for solar collectors 14 p O I S I A77-25903 Cross structural plan of the earth's crust and the problem cf the manifestation of its plutonic ' elements on the surface (Tyan-Shan and Turan plate as examples) rHASA-TT-F-169381 13 p0117 N77-13590 EABTH TIDES Predicting changes in tidal regime - The open boundary problem for tidepower generation • 14 p0199 A77-29076 ECLIPSES ..Preliminary report on the CTS transient event counter performance through the 1976 spring eclipse season • . rHASA-TM-X-734871 13 p0083 N77-10116 ECOLOGY Combined studies of t he - sun and isotope ecology 15 p0271 A77-32868 Can we control the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere 15 p0322 A77-38674 Critical areas: Satellite power systems concepts TNASA-TM-X-746941 15 p0362 H77-24585-! ECOHOBIC AHALISIS , Principles of energy analysis • 13 pOOOl A77-110453 Energy analysis in modelling • • , : ' • 1 3 p0007 A77-11047 Higher electric power use"reduces energy ..consumption for same gross national product : 13 p0011 477-11334 ,! The mysteries of nuclear programs energy conversion efficiency . .. ' • , ' - • . . . - - • 13 p0011 A77-11337 The economics of coal supply - The state of the art • - . - : - . . . . 1 3 p0013 A77-11523 Cptimizaticn criteria for solar and wind power . -systems . .-.' 13 p0015 A77-11923 The significance of coal in the future, energy :; ; picture 13 p0018 A77-12247 Comparative economics for the Arthur D. Little extractive! coking process--T- coal liquefaction 13 p0022 A77-12684 Modeling residential energy use " . . 13 p0027 A77-12726 An evaluation of the use of metal hydrides for solar thermal energy storage . 13 p0028 A77-12739 • The econoBic generation of electricity from moderate temperature geothermal resources 13 p0030 A77-12749 Preliminary analysis of electric generation utilizing geopressured geothermal fluids 13 p0030 A77-12752 The potential national benefits of geothermal electrical energy production f rom hydrothermal resources in the West 13 p0031 477-12760 An engineering feasibility study of using low temperature geothermal sources in Colorado 13 p0031 A77-12762 Benefits of hydrogen production research 13 p0032 A77-12768 Economic optimization of the energy transport component of a large distributed solar power plant 13 p0037 A77-12807 An integrated photovoltaic/thermal High Intensity Solar Energy System /HISES/ concept for residential applications 13 p0039 477-12818 Bind driven field modulated generator systems 13 p0044 A77-12869 Is nuclear energy economically viable competition with coal 13 p0045 477-12933 Energy consumption in various modes of transportation ' 13 pOOSO A77-14561 Evolution of tae concept of the automobile from the standpoint of saving energy • • • • » « • 13 P0051 A77-14562 The economic viability of pursuing a space power system concept ' [ A I A A f&esa 77-353] 13 p0066 A77-18258 Evaluating revenue sources for public transit - A • " new frontier for environmental planners • 13 p0070 A77-18723 The silicon riobon solar cell -: 13 p0076 A77-19083 Formulation of energy policies - The case of West Africa 13 pOOSO A77-19124 The seat belt light is on airline industry 'economic assessment and forecasts 13 pOOSO A77-19175 A-11-round technical and economic investigations of open-cycle industrial HBD generator channels and -'superconducting magnet systems 14 p0142 A77^21266 The economic collection and efficient utilization of solar anergy -v- 14 p0147 A77-21778 Problems relating to heat storage at solar thermal power plant : - 14 p0152 A77-21826 How six coal gasification processes compare ' - economically ••14 p0165 A77-23308 The dilemma of future electric power demand 14 p0167 477-23391 Possible applications of geothermal energy in France 14 p0175 A77-24208 Solar retrofit in a large institutional building5- "An economic analysis ' 14 p0176 A77-24500 ACmethodological survey of energy modeling 14 p0177 A77-24592 Simulation and cost-optimization "of '• solar heating of buildings in adverse solar regions ' : . 14 p018Q A77-25897 An economic evaluation of small-scale wind powered electric generation systems ' - C A S H E PAPBB 76-WA/ENER-11 14 p0185 A77-26430 Solar heating thermal storage feasibility CASHE PAPSH 76-WA/HT-36] 14 p0187 A77-26483 A study of the economic feasibility of a thermal energy storage system for solar heating -applications using a PCB phase Change Material [ A S H E PAPBB 76-WA/HT-63] '14 p0187 A77-26490 An economic analysis of thermic diode solar panels [ASSE PAPEB 76-WA/SOL-7] 14 p0188 A77-26512 •Political and economic justification for immediate realization of a syn fuels industry '• ' ' • •- 14 j>0191 A77-27276 'Parametric studies of applications of controlled thermonuclear reactor fusion energy for food production .'.{•' 14 p0194 A77-27356 Geothermal energy development . • • ., i 14 p0194 A77-27881 Current proDleas in energy development and energy ; (" sciences . • . 14 p0194 A77-27882 The case for alternative energy sources' ( 15 p0262 A77-31469 Energy and natural resources 15 p0263 A77-31574 Gas economy - Gas technology energy supply and utilization 15 p0263 A77-31576 Energy demands; Modeling methods and techniques French book I- 15 p0264 A77-31595 Industry can save energy without stunting its growth 15 p0267 A77-32209 T her Biochemical production of hydrogen - Myth or r, reality 15 p0270 A77-32593 Economics of nuclear-electrolytic hydrogen 15 p0285 A77-33419 A simplified equilibrium model of the O.S. .^energy-economic system and its use in comparing alternatives 15 p0285 A77-33421 1-19 i ECOHOBIC ABilYSIS COHTD SDBJECT IHDEX The future outlook for U.S. electricity supply and demand 15 p0286 A77-33196 Studies on the energy system of Hokkaido. I - First attempt: Bodel-I. II - Various data and their basis. Ill - Simulations by Hodel-I 15 p0287 A77-33526 Economics of alternative energy sources 15 p0288 A77-33755 A parametric analysis of the structure of international energy consumption 15 p0298 A77-36242 Historical patterns of residential and commercial energy oses . 15 p0298 A77-36244 A simple model for solar energy economics in the D. K 15 p0298 A77^36245 Synthetic fuels processing: comparative economics; Proceedings of the Symposium, New York, N.Y., April 4-9, 1976 15 p0300 A77-36326 Economics of crude oil and natural gas - Cost of adding production 15 p0300 A77-36327 Economic evaluation by ESDA of alternative fossil energy technologies 15 p0300 A77-36328 Economic comparison of synthetic fuels - Gasification and liquefaction 15 p0300 A77-36329 The relative advantages of coal conversion routes. for electric power generation. economics of large scale installations 15 p0300 A77-36330 Economic data for a 50,000 BPD Lurgi/Buhrgas shale oil plant 15 p0300 A77-36331 Evaluation of the Lawrence Livermore laboratory in-situ coal gasification concept 15 p0300 A77-36332 Clean energy from Alaskan coa'ls ' '15 pp301 S77-36333 The IGT low-Btu gas process - Design and economics clean fuel gas from coal . , . . 15 p.0301 A77-36335 Fuel gas . production via Koppers-Totz'ek gasification - An economic .analysis. ' 1 5 p0301 A77-36336 Preliminary economic analysis - Oil and power by... . COED-based coal conversion * "• 15 p0301 A77-36338 Economics.of ethylene production via pyrolysis of coal based Fischer-Tropsch hydrocarbons 15 p0301. A77-36339 Comparative economics for the Arthur D. Little extractive coking process ' ' 15 p0301 A7.7-36340 Economics of synthetic gas production by the SBGAS process , 15' p0302 A77-36341 Technology and economics of industrial fuel gas from coal . . • ' . 15 p0302 A77-36342 Factors influencing the economics of large-scale in situ coal gasification operations . 15 p0306 A77-36765 Economic benefits of energy conservation ' 15 p0307 A77-36797 Conventional gasification technologies 15 p0308 A77-36810 Overview of energy supply and demand 15 p0313 A77-37653 An economic assessment of fnelgas from water hyacinths 15 p031!) A77-37663 Design, operation and economics of the energy plantation 15 p0315 A77-37667 Future trends in electrical energy generation economics in the United States 15 p0317 A77-37960 A Onited States energy model economically driven by a global growth simulation 15 p0319 A77-38220 Answer House story utilizing solar cooling and solar heating 15 p0333 A77-39664 Hodel Description 13 p0088 N77-10662 Ultimate consumpt ion 'of fuel and energy in the nonindustrial sector 15 p0334 A77-39668 Energy assessment and possibilities of remote heat supply . . 15 p0338 A77-40350 Minerals in the US economy: Ten-year supply-demand profiles for mineral and fuel commodities f PB-25299I1/91 13 pOOSS N77-10624 Waste heat vs conventional systems for greenhouse environmental control: An economic assessment rORHL-TH-5069.] 13 p0088 H77-10656 4 linear economic model of . fue l and energy,use in the United States. Volume 1: and results fPB-252485/8J SEASAT - A candidate ocean industry - economic verification experiments ' tSASA-Cfl-1492281 13 p0104 N77-12476 Proceedings of the Nineral*Economics Symposium: Binning the uiqh stakes at the critical commodity game ' : [PB-255607/4] 13 p010'5 H77-12502 Preliminary economics and comment: In-situ ' . gasification of coal for power and SHG 'J CPB-256034/0] 13 p0109 H77-12554 Analysis oi fiscal year 1977 DOT program by'policy and ED aud D management objectives* Program levels for fiscal years 1975, 1976, 1977, volume 1 [PB-255401/2] • 13 p0117 1177-13922 Economic and technical feasibility study of compressed air storage [CpO-2559-1 ] '" 13 p0122 N77-14593 Economics of gaothermal electricity generation from hydrothermal resources rBNSL-1989] . 13-pOT2~3 H77-14602 Satellite power system: Engineering and economic analysis summary ' ' • ' •' - '• ( NASA-IB-1-7J 341] 13: p01 28 N77-15186 Space-based solar power 'conversion and delivery systems study. Volume 3: Economic analysis of space-based' solar power systems [HASA-ca^lSOHS! " 13 p0129-N77-15496 Economic analysis of the need for advanced power sources rHEDLrSA-J89] , ', .13 p013T H77-15509 Report to Congress on the economic: impact' of energy actions . . •'• : ' "[PB-256684/2] 11 p0208 H77-16450 Macro-economic impact' an'd oth'e'r'considerations' in selecting energy conservation measures ' ~ ' fPB-257678/3J 11 p0208 F77-1615H Solar collector manufacturing activity", ' " >• January-June 1976 ' - ' -• - - [PB-258865/5J ' 11-p0208 H77-16155 Beport to Congress on the economic impact of '•"'- energy "actions - ' • • - ' ' [PB-257697/3] 11 p0218 M77-18596 Energy resources alternatives competition . • [COO-2698-1] ' 1« p0224 H77-19635 Engineering-economic model of residential energy use (OBHL-TB-5470 ) 11 p023 i: H77.-20580 The 1985 technical coefficients for inputs to energy technologies [BHL-50532] 11 p0231 N77-20583 Fuel cell benefit analysis •. > ' fAHL-ES-51] 11 P0232 H77-20593 Development of a low capital cost electrolyzer 11 p0239 H77-21596 A western regional energy development study: Economics. Volume 1: 'SBI energy model results [PB-260835/1] 11 p0251 N77-21706 Energy conversion' and economics for geothermal power generation at Heber,' California, Valles Caldera, New Rezico, and Bait Biver, Idaho: Case studies , rPB-261815/2) Energy input-output modelling: prospects [PB-261925/2] Cost/benefit tradeoffs for reducing the energy consumption of the commercial -air transportation system. Volume 2: Market and economic analyses [HASA-CB-137921] 15 p0353 H77-23073 Energy models and large-scale systens optimization [AD-A033736] ; 15 pQ365 H77-21619 14 p0251 H77-21712 Problems and 15 p0319 H77-22679 i-50 SUBJECT IJDEI ECOHOHICS Study of the electric utility industry demand, costs, and rates tPB-262813/61 15 p0367 S77-21631 Economy-wide iipacts of interfuel substitution: Substitution of electricity for imported oil CBNL-505381 15 p0369 H77-21998 Transportaticn 'programming, economic analysis,, and evaluation of energy constraints rPB-262878/21 15 p0370 N77-25018 BCONOUIC DBYELOPBEIT Energy-economy relationships rPB-255171/1] 13 p0099 H77-11552 Bapid growth from energy projects: Ideas for state and local action. A program guide [PB-257371/9] , 13 p0132 N77-15527 Electric energy usage and regional economic developnent rPB-257514/7] 14 p0208 H77-16449 Relationship of energy growth to economic growth under alternative energy policies [BNL-505003 11 p"0223 H77-19620 Dynamics systems analysis of the relation between energy and the economy fBNL-21667] 11 p0235 H77-20931 Space benefits: The secondary application" of aerospace technology-in other sectors of the econony rNASA-CB-152685] 15 p0352 H77-23010 Summary.description of the BOOH1 .model simulating power plant impact on isolated communities riA-6121-HS] .15 pQ369 H77-25010 B A K U utilization experience (case studies 32 through 11) : research applied to national needs fPB-263683/51 15 p0370 N77-25027 ECOBOBIC PACTOBS . Legal and economic prereguisites to space industrialization r i A F PAPHH ISL-76-29] 13 pOOOU. A77-10968 A methodical approach concerning energy, supply problems .13 J30016 A77-12062 The conservation of air purity and its effect on .the energy economy . 13 pOO.49 A77-13811 . . Gepthermal energy as a source of electric power: Thermodynamic and econonic design criteria • Book • . ' ' . . . ' ' 13 p0060 .A77-16623 Economic effectiveness of solar electric power stations . . . • ' '- • 13 p0063 A77-17556 The future of air transportation r Economic association-considerations . • . . fAIAA PAPEB 77-286] 13 p0065 A77-18222 The two enemies of industrial development of solar energy - Simplicity and economy 13 p0078 A77-19109 Economic and social impact of solar powered \ . - transportation systems 13 p0079 A77-19120 • Effect of the. characteristics of electrical supply networks on the design of solar power plants 11 p0155 A77-21858 Economic competitiveness of solar energy with conventional fuels and electricity 11 p0158 .A77-22618 Baw materials for energy generation in Canada 11 p0165 A77-23315 Hecovery of energy from solid waste - An answer to some of Southern California's problems 11 p0182 A77-26078 Comparison of coal conversion processes for electric power generation 11 p0192 A77-27288 Energy in competition -— coal and nuclear energy 15 p0271 A77-32799 Energy and the economy - An interrelated perspective . ' . . ' ' ' 1 5 p0298' A77-36213 A comparison of operational economics of. .- transportation vehicles operated on gasoline and coal-generated hydrogen • • 15 p0302. A77-36313 The economics of industrial process heat from solar energy • 15 p0302 A77-36315 Energy conservation and a healthy economy 15 p0305 A77-36612 The year 2000 - Energy enough 15 p0306 A77-36725 Sandia studies for EBDA central receiver thermal electric powsr project Solar generating system 15 p0318 A77-38208 Economic and energy considerations in HHO seed ' regeneration for sulfur oxides removal in coal-fired power plants 15 p0332 A77-39571 Economic problems concerning the combustion of caw lignite 15 p0333 A77-39650 - Possibilities and limitations concerning the economy of solar heating systems 15 p0337 A77-39990 The potential and economics of enhanced oil recovery fPB-251991/3] . 13 p0086 N77-10633 • A linear economic model of fuel and energy in the United states. Volume 2: Submodels and data [PB-252486/6J 13 p0089 H77-10663( Hathematics for energy : [PB-252463/5J 13 p0098 H77-11513 Inventory of energy research and development (1973 ' - 1975) , volume 3 -'• [GPO-64-734-YOL-3] 13 p0113 H77-13527 . Proposed energy conservation contingency plan: Emergency heating, cooling and hot water restrictions. Economic impact analysis. : Environmental impact assessment [PB-258621/6] 11 p0217 H77-18581 v Beport to Congress on the economic impact of energy actions . [PB-257697/3J • 11 p0218 N77-18596 A study of geothermal prospects in the western ' United States • •• ' rHASA-CB-119812] 11 p0220 N77-19575 ' Technical and economic aspects of potential OS district heating systems '' [BHL-21287] ' 14 p0232 N77-20594 '' Economics and organization of metallurgical production: Effectiveness of the use of L magnetic fields in melting alloy steels ' ' [BIL-M-25473-(5828.IF) ] 15 p0359 N77-24245 . Energy situation in New England ' CBNL-50580] 15 p0381 N77-26650 Factors affecting the corporate dec'isionmaking process of air transport manufacturers -. [NASA-CB-1546181 15 p0387 H77-27020 ECONOBICS Economics of depletable resources: Market forces ^ and interteaporal bias CPB-255623/1J 13'p0111 H77-12930 Economic study'of solar total energy . [SAHD-76-5291 ] 14 p0216 H77-18574 Economic evaluation of mixture and pure fluid ^. cycles in ocean thermal energy conversion'*'systems [OBO-4918-8 ]. 11 pp217 H77-18578 Beport to Congress on the economic impact of energy actions [PB-257697/3J 11 p0218 N77-18596 Begional energy system for the planning and ( 0 optimization of national scenarios (BESPONS). Clean coal energy: , Source-to-use economics project : > fEBDA-76-109] 11 p0222 H77-19602 Technical and economic feasibility analysis of the no-fuel compressed air energy storage concept [BNUL-2065] 11 p0225 H77-19643 ... An economic aad performance design study of solar preheaters for domestic hot water heaters in .-- North Carolina tHASA-CB-2813] ; 14 p0228 N77-20559 Economics of nuclear - electrolytic hydrogen 11 p0217 H77-21659 A simplified equilibrium model of the 0S energy-economic system and its use in comparing V alternatives 11 p0217 K77-21662 Hydrogen economy analysis using decision theory -. 11 p0217 N77-21663 Economic feasibility: Fuel grade methanol from coal [110-27156] 15 p0315 H77-22630 3 Aviation economics commercial airlines 1 [GPO-73-330] 15 p0352 877-23008 The future of natural gas: Economic myths, regulatory realities [PB-263625/6] 15 p0356 N77-23621 A-51 ECOSISTBBS SDEJECT IHDEI Technology transfer from foreign direct investment in the United States. Report of a seainar series fPB-263012/7) 15 p0358 H77-21018 in evaluation of SE4S4T-4 candidate ocean industry econonic verification experiments [H4S&-CB-153009] 15 p0361 H77-21561 Deteraining the technical and economic feasibility of utilizing solar energy for heating buildings in Canada CSP-21308] 15 p0365 N77-21611 Effects of alternative oil stockpiling programs on the OS economy, 1976-1979 ' ' CBNL-50511] 15 p0369 K77-2U999 Systems study of fuels f rom sugarcane, sweet sorghua, sugar beets, and corn fTID-27336] 15 p0377 N77-26321 A social and economic impact study of offshore petroleun and natural gas development in 41aska, phase 1 fPB-261705/5;) 15 p0383 H77-26677 Economic assessment of the utilization of fuel cells in electric utility f.EPBI-EB-3361 15 p0392 H77-27516 ECOSISTEHS Energy analysis and the coupling of man and estuaries 15 p0290 477-31119 Emission and deposition of petrol engine exhaust Pb. I - Deposition of exhaust Pb to plant and soil surfaces 15 p0333 477-39655 BOOT COBBESTS Two-dimensional analysis of end effects in diagonal type noneguilibrium plasma RED generator 15 p0297 477-36097 EDDY. VISCOSITY. Calculation of turbulent magnetohydrodynamic . .boundary layers in HHD generator channels 13 p0016 477-13212 EFFICIEHCY Resource utilization efficiency improvement of geothermal binary cycles, phase 1 [ORO-1911-3] 13 P0123 N77-11600 Photochemical conversion of solar energy rPB-262150/03 15 p0366 N77-21628 EFFIOEHIS Compilation of an inventory for particulate emissions in Belgium 13 p0009 477-11271 Deashing of coal liguefaction products via partial deasphaIting. I - Hydrogen-donor extraction effluents. II - Hydrogenation and hydroextraction effluents 11 p0138 477-20725 BIGBHVBCTOBS Characteristic eguations of unconcentrated flat solar cell panels 13 p0052 477-11929 EI.ECTBIC 4BCS 4 2-MW electric arc generator with porous cooling : of the interelectrode insert 13 p0019 477-13831 Electric arc power collection for high-speed trains 13 P0060 477-16591 ELECTBIC iOTOBOBILES Small electric vehicle considerations in view of performance and energy usage 13 p0021 477-12698 An analysis of electric vehicle mission, design, energy impact and cost 13 p0021 A77-12700 Selection of driving cycles for electric vehicles of the 1990's 13 P0021 477-12702 Application of a shunt motor and a 2 cylinder gasoline engine as a hybrid drive for an automobile 13 p0025 477-12703 Baseline test data for the EV4 electric vehicle low energy consumption automobiles 13 p0025 477-12701 • Electric vehicle performance with alternate batteries - 13 p0025 477-12707 ; Energy saving potential of engine-electric vehicular drives 13 p0025 477-12708 Economic and social impact of solar powered transportation systems 13 p0079 477-19120 The computer simulation of automobile use patterns for defining battery requirements for electric cars . 1U p0159 477-22879 A comparison between the primary energy consumption of electric and gasoline powered vehicles 11 p0159 477-22885 A development of high efficiency electric mini-cars 11 p0201 A77-29170 The electric vehicle 15 p0307 477-36798 Bunning out- of steam. Ill alternatives to internal combustion engine 15 p0310 A77-36981 Federal support for the development of alternative automotive power systems: The general issue and the Stirling, diesel, and electric cases fPB-263523/3J 15 p035« H77-23518 ELECTRIC BAITEBIES : New electrochemical current sources 13 p0020 477-12650 The computer simulation of automobile use patterns 1 for defining battery requirements for electric cars 11 p0159 477-22879 • Development cost effective battery electric road vehicles 11 p0160 477-22889 Opportunities for battery powered road vehicles 11 p0160. 477-22892 Design and testing of lithium/iron sulfide batteries for electric-vehicle propulsion 11 p0161 477-22910 ' Matching of solar cells and performance of a solar battery 15 p0256 477-30316 The electric vehicle 15 p0307 477-36798 Sodium chloride battery development program for load leveling 1 [PB-257570/2] 11 p0208 H77-16156 Comparing tne electric lead-acid battery vehicle with a hydrogen fueled vehicle incorporating an 1 Fe-Ti hydride storage unit [BHL-20990] 11 p0211 N77-17577 High-perfocmance batteries for off-peak energy storage and electric-vehicle propulsion CANL-76-9] 11 p0223 H77-19621 Batteries for utility load leveling [CONF-760469-3] 11 p0231 N77-20579 Results of baseline tests of the EV4 Hetro sedan, Citi-car, Jet Industries 'Electra-van, CD4 town car, and Otis P-500 van [S4S4-m-I-73638 ] 11 p0236 H77-21519 : Uethanol-air batteries [4D-4035912] 15 p0375 N77-25675 ELECTBIC BBIDGBS Curve of current delivered f rom HHD generator to a conventional power grid by inverter system 11 p0111 477-21253 ELECTBIC CELLS Development of nickel-zinc batteries for aircraft 11 p0195 477-28118 ELECTBIC COILS 4pplication of a run around coil system to a roof fan house at tfichoud 4ssembly Facility at New Orleans, Louisiana [H4S4-CB-11193871 11 p0229 1177-20561 ELECTBIC CONDUCTORS Three dimensional current distribution in diagonal conducting wall channels 15 p0329 477-39556 ELECTBIC COSTSOi , Voltage consolidation and control circuits for multiple-electrode HBD generators 11 p0111 477-21252 Performance of an electric van fitted with a , hydrodynanic torque converter transmission 11 p0160 477-22897 ELECTBIC COBBEHl , Electric current from the direct conversion of low molecular weight c,H,O-compounds 13 P0055 477-15811 '4-52 SUBJECT IHDEX ELECTRIC GEHEB1TOBS Curve of current delivered from HHD generator to a conventional power grid by inverter system 1i» p0141 477-21253 The Tethered Balloon Current Generator - A space shuttle-tethered subsatellite for plasma studies and power generation 11 p0184 A77-26200 Calculation of the electric fields and currents in a plasma flowing in a spatially periodic magnetic field for HHD generator 15 p0295 A77-35798 ELECTSIC ENEBGY STORAGE Large-scale electrical power generation and storage 13 p0006 A77-11039 Dependability of wind energy generators with short-term energy storage 13 pOOUS A77-13323 The potential for application of energy storage capacity on electric utility systems in the Dnited States.-I 13 p0054 A77-15625 Problems of energy storage in solar power stations ; 13 p0063 A77-17555 Regression study of solar radiation and electrical energy consumption 14 p0137 A77-20686 Air Force applications of lightweight superconducting machinery 14 P0144 A77-21360 Ultra high-current superconducting cables for- a 2.2-tesla, 300-kilonoule energy storage magnet 14 p0144 A77-21391 Basic reguirements for the various items of eguipment for supplying energy to electrically driven road vehicles from the point of view of the user 14 P0160 477-22890 Studies of electric vehicle drives, illustrated by the example of an urban estate car 14 p0160 A77-22893 Development of a high performance and lightweight hybrid flywheel/battery powered electric vehicle drive 14 .p0160 A77-22898 High-power systems with ac generators and inertial storage banks for electrophysical devices 15 p0261 A77-31426 Hydrogen for energy storage: A progress report of .technical developments and possible applications FBHL-20931 ] . 13 p0094 N77-11201 The Eedox flow system for solar photovoltaic energy storage • rN»SA-TB-X-735621 . 13 pO106 H77-12522 Electrically rechargeable EEDOX flow cell rHASA-CASE-lBW-12220-1] 13 p0121 N77-14581 Ultra high-current superconducting cables for a 2.2-Tesla, 300-kilojoule energy storage magnet rLA-OB-76-18091 14 P0235 H77-21325 A wind energy system utilizing high pressure electrolysis as a storage mechanism „ 14 p0240 H77-21610 8LECTBIC EQOICHBIT TESTS Results of baseline tests of the Lucas Limousine [HASi-TH-X-73609] 14 p0214 N77-1794%7 ELECTBIC FIELDS Structure of the electric field in the near-end space of a cylindrical electrode , 15 p0295 A77-35607 Calculation of the electric fields and currents in a plasma flowing in a spatially periodic magnetic field for BED generator 15 p0295 A77-35798 Axial field limitations in HHD generators 15 p0328 A77-39552 ELECTEIC FOSES The magnetic energy storage system used in ZT-1 , toroidal plasma pinch experiment 15 p0299 i77-36314 ELECTBIC GEHEBATOBS Emergency power plant of rapid availability for the Berlin-Tegel airport 13 p0001 477-10324 Prospects of generating power with laser-driven fusion 13 p0002 477-10634 Optimisation of current source operation in pulse mode for electrochemical generators [IAF PAPEH 76-255] 13 p0003 A77-10952 Energy conservation potential of nodular Integrater Utility Systems /HIUS/ 13 p0026 A77-12724 Limiting capabilities with respect to electric power generation of a pulsed HHD generator operating at a resistive load '13 p0064 A77-17917 Electric energy from atmospheric water vapor 13 p0077 A77-19097 Status report on the German experimental study for terrestrial solar electric generators 14 p0153 A77-21836 100 HH large industrial gas turbine 14 p0155 A77-22022 ;New energy systems - Associated thermodynamic cycles Frenca book 14 p0162 A7.7-2292U fiotor/generator isolation -for wind turbines - t A I A A 77-372] 14 p0180 A77-25782 A method for increasing the efficiency of the electric generating process , 14 p0183 A77-26087 Alternative approaches to space-based power generation 14 p0199 A77-29066 .Thermal efficiency of geothermal power 14 p0205 A77-29788 High-power systems with ac generators and inertial storage banks for electrophysical devices 15 p0261 A77-31426 The design, fabrication and testing of a five mega-joule monopolar motor-generation energy storage for controlled fusion experiments , 15 p0299 A77-36311 Efficiency and cost advantages of an advanced-technology nuclear electrolytic hydrogen-energy production facility , 15 p0302 A77-36344 Power supplies for full time fly-by-wire aircraft control systems 15 p0320 A77-38461 -Flywheel energy storage. I - Basic concepts 15 p0323 A77-39314 -Geothermal energy for power generation [LA-UH-76-369] 13 p0087 H77-10650 A study of laplant electric power generation in the chemical, petroleum refining, and paper and pulp industries j [PB-255653/7J 13 p0115 1177-13542 A study of inplant electric power generation in the chemical, petroleum refining, and paper and pulp industries ., rPB-255659/5) 13 p0115 N77-13543 Electric power generation using geothermal brine resources for a proof-of-concept facility rNSF/RA/K-75-049] 13 p0123 H77-14603 .Development work for an advanced coal gasification system for electric power generation from coal directed toward a commercial gasification ' generating plant, phase 2 . rFE-1521-13] 13 p0130 N77-15501 Composite material structures for thermophotovoltaic conversion radiator ' [AD-A026359] 13 p0132 H77-15519 Solar energy: L-division miscellanea ruCID-17177J 14 p0231 N77-20590 Proceedings of Second Geoptessured Geotheroal ' Energy Conference. volume 4: Surface technology and resource utilization CCONF-760222-P4] 14 p0248 N77-21675 ;A theory of control for a class of electronic power processing systems: Energy-storage dc-to-dc converters CNASA-CB-152696) 15 pQ344 H77-22614 Potential of a solar collector with a stationary spherical reflector and a tracking absorber for electrical power production y tSASD-76-80391 15 p0345 S77-22636 Geotechnical environmental aspects of geothermal power generation Beber, Imperial Valley^ California [PB-26084d/7J 15 p0349 N77-22680 .Program definition for the development of geothermal energy. Volume 3: Appendixes [HASi-CH-153223] 15 p0371 877-25614 .Energy Conversion Alternatives Study (ECAS) , Phase 2. Volume.2: Summary and combined gas-steam turbine plant using coal derived liguid fuel CNASi-CB-134942-VOL-2] 15 p0379 H77-26629 i-53 ELECTBIC HOTOfi VBBICLES SUBJECT IHDEX An analysis of the feasibility of windmills for power generation in Hew York State [HPI-TA-17] 15 p0380 N77-26638 High power density HHD generators f A D - A 0 3 8 6 1 2 ] 15 P0397 H77-27983 Applications of superconductivity in electric power systems [LA-UB-76-1998] 15 p0398 N77-27996 ELECTBIC HO10B VEHICLES Load leveling with electric vehicles in the urban environment 13 p002i| A77-12701 Ambient temperature electric vehicle batteries based on lithium and titanium disulfide '• 13 p0025 A77-12706 Electric vehicle performance with alternate tatteries > 13 p0025 A77-12707 Development status of lithium-silicon-iron sulfide load-leveling batteries 13 D0026 A77-12714 Electric vehicle batteries - Opportunities for ' materials improvement 13 p0049 A77-13736 Some studies en sodium/sulfur cells 13 p0055 A77-15813 Eesearch on battery-operated electric road vehicles 11 P0146 A77-21701 The design and development of a hybrid-electric • urban transit vehicle 11 p0159 A77-22876 Traction batteries for existing and future • electric road vehicles 14 P0159 A77-22878 Hybrid propulsion systems for electric road vehicles for short range public passenger < transport test and operational experience - Prospects 11 p0159 A77^22881 User experience with the Enfield car electric motor vehicle 14 p0159 A77-22884 Flywheel-electric hybrid vehicle 14 p0159 A77-22886 On-the-road evaluation of the efficiency of propulsion system of city vans 14 p0160 A77-22888 Development cost effective battery electric road vehicles 14 p0160 A77-22889 Basic requirements for the various items of egnipment for supplying energy to electrically driven road vehicles from the pcint of view of the user 14 -p0160 A77-22890 Comparison of an electric versus a gasoline powered utility truck in two years of a service test program 14 p0160 A77-22891 Opportunities for battery powered road vehicles 14 p0160 A77-22892 Studies of electric vehicle drives, illustrated by the example of an urban estate car 14 p0160 A77-22893 The nickel-zinc battery - A viable alternative for vehicle powering 14 p0160 A77-22894 Performance of an electric van fitted with a hydrodynamic torque converter transmission 14 p0160 A77-22897 Development of a high performance and lightweight hybrid flywheel/battery powered electric vehicle drive 14 p0160 A77-22898 The M.A.N. electrobus experience gained in large-scale tests 14 p0160 A77-22900 Impacts of future use of electric cars in OS cities 14 p0161 A77-22902 Developnent of electric vehicles at Toyota 14 p()161 A77-22904 Sodium/sulphur battery design and development for motive power applications 14 p0161 A77-22905 Near-term advanced electric vehicle batteries 14 p0161 A77-22909 Design and testing of lithium/iron sulfide batteries for electric-vehicle propulsion 14 p0161 A77-22910 Development of large size nickel-zinc cells for electric vehicles 14 P0161 A77-22911 United States Postal Service Electric Vehicle Program 14 p0161 A77-22912 The DUO bus, a suburban bus with electric drive, supplied eitaer f rom overhead wire or from battery 14 p0161 A77-22913 The lithium-water-air battery for automotive propulsion 14 p0162 A77-22915 Electric delivery vans above the 45th parallel in north America 14 p0162 A77-22917 Comparison of electric drives for road vehicles 14 p0162 A77-22918 Lithium-aluminum/metal sulfide batteries [ A I A A PAPEB 77-483] 14 p0172 A77-23903 Basic research problems in the generation of electrocdemical energy for powering small private vehicles 14 p0180 A77-25721 Bill electricity power tomorrow's trains 14 P0199 A77-29088 Modeling of electric drive systems for KEH /flywheel/ vehicles 14 p0200 A77-29469 Electrochemical energy conversion. I - Electric vehicle propulsion 15 p0303 A77-36410 Advanced motor developments for electric vehicles 15 p0305 A77-36615 Results of baseline tests of the Lucas Limousine [NASA-TS-X-73609] 14 p0214 S77-17947 Long term energy alternatives for automotive propulsion. Synthetic fuel versus battery/electric system [PB-262512/7] 15 p0361 N77-24504 Long term energy alternatives for automotive propulsion: Synthetic fuel versus battery/electric system [PB-262513/5] 15 p0361 N77-24505 ELECTBIC HOTOBS Research on battery-operated electric road vehicles 14 p0146 A77-21701 Studies of electric vehicle drives, illustrated by the example of an urban estate car 14 p0160 A77-22893 Comparison of electric drives for road vehicles 14 p0162 A77-22918 The design, faorication and testing of a five megajoule monopolar motor-generation energy storage tor controlled fusion experiments 15 p0299 A77-36311 ELECTBIC NETBOSKS Allocation of standby power units in terms of the output power, in planning the development of power systems 14 p0167 A77-23406 Hydrogen cycle peak-shaving on the New York State Grid using fuel cells 14 p0199 A77-29094 Pulsed energy and switching requirements for Tokamak oauic heating [LA-DH-76-2473 ] 15 p0397 H77-27932 ELECTBIC POTSSTIiL Open-circuit voltage of silicon solar cells 14 pOIS'T- 177-21820 ELECIBIC POBEB Photovoltaic and thermal energy conversion for solar powered satellites [IAP PAPEB 76-117] 13 p0003 A77-10913 Satellite power systems for large-scale power generation CIAP PAPEB 76-118] 13 p0003 A77-10914 Higher electric power use reduces energy consumption for same gross national product 13 p0011 A77-11334 The mysteries of nuclear programs energy conversion efficiency 13 p0011 A77-11337 Characteristic aspects of the evolution of the French electric balance in 1975 13 p0012 A77-11340 Development of compound parabolic concentrators for solar-thermal electric and process heat applications 13 p0038 A77-12812 A-54 SUBJECT IHDEI ELECTBIC POWEB PLANTS Is nuclear energy economically viable competition with coal 13 p0045 A77-12933 The potential for application of energy storage 'capacity on electric utility systems in the Doited States. I 13 pOOSU A77-15625 Electric energy from atmospheric water vapor 13 p0077 A77-19097 Heating a building by means of solar and electrical energy 13 p0078 A77-19113 The energy situation in Canada 11 p0165 A77-23307 The dilemma of future electric power demand 14 p0167 A77-23391 Electricity and the energy 'gap1 14 p0195 A77-27890 Exergy considerations related to the acquisition, supply, and utilization of solar energy 14 p0203 A77-29572 Equivalence of electricity and fuels - Contributing elements to a critical discussion 15 p0263 A77-31573 Simple thermal decomposition reactions for storage of solar thermal energy 15 P0292 A77-35153 The question of the utilization of geothermal energy in dry rocks /dry walls/ 15 p0303 A77-36348 Comparative energy policies of France, England, and Germany. II - Electricity and nuclear energy 15 p0324 A77-39505 The future of solar-thermal small-scale power stations 15 p0336 A77-39981 Types of city development, energy supply, and possibilities for optimization 15 p0338 &77-40349 Electric energy supply alternatives for Hew York. Phase 2: An appraisal of electrical energy alternatives available tc the State of New fork • fPB-249881/4] 13 p0101 N77-11575 Planning models for the assessment of advanced energy storage systems 13 p0105 N77-12504 Inventory of energy research and development (1973 - 1975), volume 2 rGPO-64-734-VOL-2;i 13 p0113 N77-13526 Electric power generation using geothermal brine resources for a proof-of-concept facility fNSF/BA/N-75-0491 13 p0123 N77-14603 Development work for an advanced coal gasification system for electric power generation from coal directed toward a commercial gasification generatirg plant, phase 2 fFE-1521-13] 13 p0130 N77-15501 Solar energy, DFyLB activities fERDA-TB-143;) 14 p0230 N77-20575 Long-range forecasting properties of state-of-the-art models of demand for electric energy. Volume 2: Annotated bibliography fPB-261766/0] 14 p0251 N77-21718 The phasing out of natural gas and oil for electric power generation, southwest power pool and Electric Reliability Council of Texas. Part 2: Technical and economic evaluation of various possible electric utility natural gas reduction programs, 1975 - 1990 rPB-263505/0] 15 p0356 H77-23617 Economy-wide impacts of interfuel substitution: Substitution of electricity for imported oil [BSL-50538] 15 p0369 N77-24998 ELECTBIC POwBB PLAITS Performance theory of diagonal conducting wall NHD generators 13 p0001 A77-10202 Baking electricity from moderate temperature fluids geottermal sources 13 p0002 A77-10649 Large-scale electrical power generation and storage 13 p0006 A77-11039 Total energy systems electric power generation with heat recovery 13 p0006 A77-11042 The availability of fuels for power plants 13 p0010 A77-11316 Nuclear power - Compared to what energy alternatives for electric power generation 13 p0017 A77-12234 The significance of coal in the future energy picture 13 p0018 A77-12247 The Osmotic power plant 13 p0021 A77-12668 Steam station repowering - A near-term method of energy conservation 13 p0022 A77-12679 Energy conservation with advanced power generating systems 13 p0026 A77-12723 Dnderground storage of off-peak power 13 p0027 A77-12728 Storage in oil of off-peak thermal energy from large power stations 13 p0027 177-12730 Application of the Stretford process for H2S abatement at the Geysers geothermal power plant 13 p0029 A77-12743 Economic optimization of binary fluid cycle power plants for geothermal systems 13 p0029 A77-12744 The economic generation of electricity from moderate temperature geothermal resources 13 p0030 A77-12749 Power production from high temperature geothermal waters 13 p0030 A77-12751 Preliminary analysis of electric generation utilizing geopressured geothermal fluids 13 p0030 A77-12752 Liquid-metal magnetohydrodynamic system evaluation coal-fired designs 13 p0034 A77-12784 Isotope heat source for dynamic power systems 13 p0036 A77-12796 Comparative performance of solar thermal power generation concepts 13 p0036 A77-12803 Solar thermal electric power plants - Their performance characteristics and total social costs 13 p0037 A77-12804 Solar energy prospects for electric power generation in Brazil 13 p0037 A77-12805 Central station solar electric power using liguid metal heat transport 13 p0037 A77-12806 windowed versus windowless solar energy cavity receivers 13 p0037 A77-12808 New concepts in solar photovoltaic electric power systems design 13 p0038 A77-12817 An experimental 200 kw vertical axis wind turbine for the Hagdalen Islands 13 p0044 A77-12874 Combination power plants for improved utilization of fossil fuels 13 p0045 A77-12939 HBD - Energy transformation by burning coal 13 p0045 A77-12940 A hydride compressor 13 p0046 A77-13336 Hydrogen storage via iron-titanium for a 26 BW/e/ peaking electric plant 13 p0048 A77-13543 Experiment on SHD generator with a large-scale superconducting magnet /ETL Hark V/ 13 p0049 A77-13728 Some material considerations involved in the application of solar energy to electric power generation 13 p0049 A77-13739 Problems of energy storage in solar power stations 13 p0063 A77-17555 Economic effectiveness of solar electric power stations 13 p0063 A77-17556 Nova Scotia seeks to cut oil bill for power generation 13 pQ063 A77-17588 Increase in tha efficiency of heat and power systems using large artificial accumulators of heat 13 p0064 A77-17939 i-55 ELECTBIC POSBB PLABTS COHTD SUBJECT IHDEI Gas turbine electric powerplants fAIAA PAPEB 77-346] 13 p0066 A77-18254 Hind power Hind-powered plant design 14 p0136 A77-20042 Coal gasification and its relation to .tested power ' plants 14 p0136 A77-2007H Some results of an investigation with the 0-25 experimental-industrial facility, aimed at raising its parameters to the design level HBO generator energy converter 14 p0136 A77-20105 Heat tests with a GT-35 gas turbine as an element of steam-gas facility with a high-pressure steam generator 14 p0136 177-20109 Floe gas desulfnrization experience 14 p0136 A77-20381 Electric load management and energy conservation 14 p0137 A77-20685 On the solar energy problem for heat and electric power production 14 p0138 A77-20742 Composition and size distribution of in-stack particulate material at a coal-fired power plant 14 p0139 A77-21018 Problems of analysis of the power characteristic of a high capacity magnetohydrodynamic power station 14 p0143 A77-21270 Solar energy and electric utilities - Should they be interfaced 14 p0143 A77-21281 Superconducting magnets for an HBD test facility and base load power plant 14 p0144 A77-21379 International Conference on Solar Electricity, Toulouse, Prance, Harch 1-5, 1976, Reports 14 p0147 A77-21776 Evaluation of Cds photovoltaic cells in the framework of the development of solar electric power plants '14 p0149 A77-21796 Use,of solar water-heating installations in the combined cycle of a thermal electric power plant •14 p0152 A77-21825 . Problems relating to heat storage at solar ' thermal power plant ' "' 14 p0152 A77-21826 Utilization of solar radiation in large solar power plants with hydraulic storage 1 -14 p0152 A77-21827 Turbines and turboqene'rators for solar power plants with thermodynamic cycles 14 p0152 A77-21828 Thermal optimization of steam generating systems for tower type solar steam power plants - Tasks and'methods 14 p0152 A77-21830 A study on solar tower power system 14 p0152 A77-21832 Thermal energy of oceans 14 p0153 A77-21833 10 MB solar thermal electric power plant design for solar day operation 14 p0153 A77-21842 Development of a 10 kHe solar thermal power station 14 p0154 A77-21844 Optimization of the sizing of a solar power plant in order to obtain a minimal klh cost 14 p0154 A77-21845 i modular fixed-mirror Brayton-cycle solar power system 14 p0154 A77-21846 Effect of the characteristics of electrical supply networks on the design of solar power plants 14 p0155 A77-21858 Combined gas/steam cycle power and heat generating .plants r - • 14 p0155 A77-22023 Energy storage in the form of latent heat .14 p0157 A77-22350 Fuel cells - "Prospects of their applications "for electric utilities ' ' 14 p0165 A77-23306 low-Btu gas frcm coal has many potential markets 14 p0165 A77-23309 Pnmped-storage electric power generating plants 14 p0166 A77-23373 Allocation of standby power units in terms of the output power, in planning the development of power systems 14 p0167 A77-23406 Hew requirements for the development and design of thermal power systems 14 p0167 A77-23407 Fuel'cells - A sleeper in the energy race 14 p0170 A77-236U7 Utilization of heat of geothermal springs and waste hot waters in freon-operated power plants 14 p0175 A77-24207 Possible applications of geothermal energy in France 14 p0175 A77-24208 Heat exchangers for the Ocean Thermal Energy Power Plant 14 p0176 A77-24219 Energy from the.wind •- • 14 p0179 A77-2557S Performance of low cost solar reflectors for transferring sunlight to a distant collector • 14 pOISO A77-25896 Environmental- considerations of converting fossil-fueled power plants from oil or natural gas to coal • . 14 p0181 A77-26043 Solar-thermal electric power systems - Banufacturing•cost estimation and systems optimization [ASHE PAPBB 76-WA/HT-14] 14 p0186 A77-26474 POLSAB - A flux compression stage for coal-fired power plants' 14 p0190 A77-26544 Uore about geothermal steam or the hottest energy prospect aver Book • . 14 p0191 A77-26925 Comparison of coal conversion processes for electric power generation* 14 p0192 A77-27288 Pluidized bed combustion : 14 p0192 A77-27290 'Geothermal development and the Salton Sea 1 ' < • 14 p0194 A77-27352 Geothermal energy development • . i ! i 14 p0194 A77-27881 Hydrocarbon fuel conditioner for a 1.5 kw fuel cell power plant • • . • • ; - • 1 4 p0195 A77-28168 Servo positioning power tower collectors for solar heat conversion to electricity 14 p0198 A77-28811 Composition method ;for constructing guarant'eed-oiitput curves of solar- and wind-power plants utilized jointly 14 p0201 A77-29534 Development of solar tower program in the United States ' . 14 p0204 A77-29591 An educated ray trace approach to solar tower optics ' 14 p0204 A77-29592 Solar-heated-air receivers of solar/gas turbine electrical generation plant design 15 p0255 A77-30312 Analysis of electrical power generation costs 15 p0257 A77-30600 Optimal unit commitment electric power system . operating mode for cost reduction 15 p0260 A77-30812 Solar-thermal power systems N - ' 15 p0262 A77-31474 Critical comments concerning the application of the availability concept in power plant technology 15 p0265 A77-31850 Particle size distributions of dusts in the flue gas of power plants and in atmospheric air 15 p0265 A77-31889 Production of electricity through thermodynamic conversion of solar energy - 10 BWe project 15 p0270 A77-32591 Solar tower characteristics 15 p0274 A77-33333 Commodity- hydrogen from off-peak electricity 15 p0283 A77-33403 The future outlook for D.S. electricity supply and demand 15 p0286 A77-33496 Cut energy costs: A guide for buying and plant operation industrial energy saving technigues 15 p0290 A77-34642 A-56 SUBJECT INDEX ELECTBIC POSEB PL1HTS COHTD A method for evaluating SO2 abatement strategies 15 p0293 A7.7-35169 Contribution to the solution of planning problems in electric power generation /effects of random disturbances/ 15 p0294 A77-35399 Operation results of the desulfurization plant for a thermal power station 15 p0299 A77-36279 The relative advantages of coal conversion routes for electric power generation economics of large scale installations 15 p0300 477-36330 Preliminary economic analysis - Oil and power by COED-based coal conversion 15 p0301 A77-36338 Design of closed-cycle HHD generator with noneguilibrium ionization and system ' 15 p0303 A77-36381 100 HHe solar power plant design configuration and performance [AAS 75-288] 15 p0305 A77-36556 Toward establishing a national energy policy 15 p0307 A77-36767 Gasification and generation of electricity : coal utilization .15 p0308 A77-:36812 An assessment of energy.storage systems suitable for use by electric utilities 15 p0310 A77-36982 Tidal power generation in Indian 15 p0310 A77-36988 Coal gasification power generation 15 p0310 A77-37000 Fuel gas and electricity from municipal sewage 15 p0314 A77-37658 Environmental studies of the St., Louis-Onion Electric refuse firing demonstration 15 p0315 A77-37669 Future trends in electrical energy .generation . economics in the Onited States ; '-'-I5 P°317 177-37960 An application of the economic-environmental power dispatch decision approach for controlling. air pollution emission from electric power generation • • . - . . , . - : 15 p0317 A77-38121 Progress on the selective removal of H2S from .•gasified coal using an immobilized liquid membrane ;.. • ; .15 p0318 A77-381U6 An optimization approach to the design of the preheater for a .magnetohydrodynamic powerplant ' , . - ' - , . 1 5 p'031.8 A77-38207 A heat capacitor for HHD electric power, generation systems . - . . . . 15 P0331. A77-39571 Dynamic modeling and control of magnetohydrodynamic/steam electrical power generating plants 15 p0332 A77-39572 Part-load performance and voltage-current . : characteristics of a base load HHD generator. 15 p0332 A77-39573 Economic and energy considerations in HBD seed . regeneration for sulfur oxides removal in • coal-fired power plants 15 p0332 A77-39574 .HHD systems with low cooling reguirements 15 p0332 A77-39575 Coal fired non-eguilibrium closed cycle HHD power plant systei since EGAS Energy Conversion Alternatives Study 15 P0332 A77-39576 Status of the reference dual-cycle HHD-steam power plant 15 p0332 A77-39577 Open-cycle coal burning HHD power plants for commeircial service 15 p0333 A77-39578 Further studies on the .oxidation of sulfur dioxide in coal-fired power plant plumes 15 p0333 A77-39657 Dynamic characteristics of the desulfurization plant boiler draft system for power stations •15 p0338 A77-40201 A summary of the EC1S HHD power plant results ClfASA-TH-X-73491 J 13 p0086 H77-10642 Advanced coal gasification system for electric power generation pollution monitoring [FE-1514-176J 13 p0088 H77-10653 Ihe proceedings of the NOx Control Technology Seminar rPB-253661/31 13 p0092 H77-10707 The chemistry, dispersion, and transport of air pollutants.emitted from fossil fuel power plants in California [PB-25444J/2] 13 p0092 N77-10720 Selected aspects of waste heat management: . A state-of-the-art study fPB-255697/5] 13 p0100 N77-11563 Theoretical, numerical, and physical techniques for characterizing power plant plumes fPB-253099/6.1 13 p0101 H77-11599 Physical and biological aspects of thermal pollution in sea water forecasting electric power production in Italy [ISS-L-75/14J 13 p0109 N77-12560 Assessment of the impact of proposed thermal effluent guidelines for the steam electric power '. industry [PB-255937/5] 13 p0110 1177-12587 Laboratory analysis of solvent refined coal • [PB-255550/6] 13 p0110 N77-12598 Assessment of power system security under load uncertainty 13 p0112 N77-13324 - Design phase utility analysis- for gas turbine and combined cycle plants fPB-256665/1J 13 p0115 N77-13553 • Haritime and construction aspects of Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC) plant ships, detailed report • [PB-257444/0] 13 p0116 1)77-13554 National benefits associated with commercial application of fuel cell powerplants • [EBDA-76-54] 13 p0123 N77-14597 Precipitation scavenging of fossil-fuel effluents [PB-256649/5] 13 p0124 N77-14630 Proceedings of the Stationary Source Combustion Symposium. Volume 3: Field Testing and Surveys [PB-257146/1]' . 13 p0125 N77-14643 Concept for fluidized bed combustion of.Consol ' char using a closed-cycle helium power plant with an estimate of the price of electric power CERDA-76-69J '13 p0130 H77-15506 [Economic analysis of the need for advanced power sources . . [HEDL-SA-989J i 13 p0131 N77-15509 An improved electrolyte for direct oxidation fuel cells i ' ., . - [AD-A026164] , 13 p0131 877-15518 .Sodium chloride battery development program for . load leveling [PB-257573/2] 14 p0208 N77-16456 Existing and proposed fuel conversion facilities. ; Summary fPB-258264/1J 14 p0208 H77-16457 Penetration analysis and margin reguirements associated with large-scale utilization of solar power plants [PB-257546/2] 14 p0208 N77-16459 Summary report of three powerplant productivity studies [PB-257764/1] 14 p0212 H77-17598 Solar pilot plant, phase 1 CSAH/1109-76/T1 ] 14 p0216 N77-18571 Seothermal a and D project report, 1 January - 31 Harch 1976 [AHCB-1319] 14 p0222 S77-19607 nodular 5 d» geothermal power plant design considerations and guidelines : fOCBL-13681] 14 p0222 K77-19612 Control of waste and water pollution from power plant flue gas cleaning systems [PB-259211/1] 14 p0227 H77-19953 Technical and economic feasibility of DS district heating systems using waste heat from fusion reactors CBNL-50516] . 14 p0232 H77-20606 Energy conversion and economics for geothermal power generation at Heber, California, Valles Caldera, New Mexico, and Bait Biver, Idaho: Case studies CPB-261845/2J • 14 p0251 N77-21712 ^Development program for solid electrolyte batteries tPB-260719/OJ ' 15 p0341 H77-22398 »-57 ELECTRIC FOIEB SUPPLIES SUBJECT IBDBI An optimization study of a low thernal potential pover system CAD-A0317091 . 15 p0348 B77-22666 Electric power development in the Pacific Northwest Region: Institutional commitments and alternatives, phase 1 CPB-262382/5] 15 p0348 H77-22671 Electric utility finance workshop rPB-261661/3] 15 p0349 H77-22677 Conceptual design of a 10BW regenerative isobatane geothernal fewer plant fPB-261563/1] 15 p0349 H77-22683 forking fluid selection and preliminary heat exchanger design for a Bankine cycle geothermal power plant fPB-261564/9] 15 p0349 H77-22684 Electric storage beating: The experience in England and Hales and in the Federal Republic of Germany CAHL-ES-50] 15 p0365 N77-24612 Study"of the electric utility industry .demand, costs, and rates [PB-262843/6] 15 p0367 N77-24631 Bole-of the heat storage veil future O.S. energy systems (PB r263480/6] ' . .15 p0367 H77-24634 PCB emissions from stationary sources: 4 theoretical study CPB-262650/1] ' • 15 p0367 H77-24665 Trends in pover plant capacity and utilization. Inventory of pover plants in the United States rPB-264U51/6] . ' 15 p0373 H77-25655 Projects to expand fuel sources in eastern states: Survey of'planned or proposed coal mines, coal and noncoal. conversion plants, electric • generating plants, oil refineries, uranium enrichment facilities, and related infrastructure, in states east of the Mississippi River (as of June 1976) [ PB-262361/9 ) 15 p0374 H77-25669 Measurement of dry deposition of fossil fuel plant pollutants ' CPB-264495/3] 15 p0376 H77-25685 Assembly and testing of a 1-8 by 3.7 meter Fresnel lens solar concentrator fNASA-CB-150300] > 15 p0378 H77-26610 Energy Conversion Alternatives Study (ECAS), Phase 2. Volume 1: Summary and combined .gas-stream turbine plant with an integrated low-BTO gasifier mASA-CB-134942-VOL-1] 15 p0379 H77-26628 Energy Conversion Alternatives Study (EGAS) , Phase 2. Volume 2: Summary and combined gas-steam turbine plant using coal derived liquid .fuel rHASA-CB-134942-VOL-2] 15 p0379 N77-26629 Energy Conversion Alternatives study (ECAS) , Phase 2. Volume 3: Sunsary and advanced steam plant with pressurized fluidized bed boilers [NASA-CB-134942-VOL-3] 15 p0379 N77-26630 Energy Conversion Alternatives Study (ECAS) , phase 2. Volume 1: Executive summary . f NASA-CB-134949-VOL-1] ' 15 p0379 N77-26631 Energy Conservation Alternatives Study (ECAS), phase 2:- Volume 2: Advanced energy conversion systems, - conceptual designs. Part 1: Analytical approach [NASA-CB-134949-VOL-2-PT-1] 15 p0379 H77-26632 Energy Conversion Alternatives Study (ECAS) , phase 2. Volume 2: Advanced energy conversion systems -conceptual designs. Part 2: Closed turbine cycles [NASA-CB-134949-VOL-2-PT-2] 15 p0379 H77-26633 Energy Conversion Alternatives study (ECAS), phase 2. Volume 2: Advanced energy conversion systems - conceptual designs. Part 3: Open cycle 'gas turbines and open cycle RED rNASA-CB-134949-VOL-2-PT-3] 15 p0379 H77-26634 Energy Conversion Alternatives Study (ECAS) , phase 2. Volume 2: Advanced energy conversion systems: Conceptual designs. Part 4: Summary of results CHASA-CR-134949-VOL-2-PT-4] 15 p0380 H77-26635 Energy Conversion Alternatives Study (ECAS) , phase 2. Volume 3: Research and development plans and implementation assessment fHASA-CB-1349«9-VOL-3J 15 p0380 H77-26636 Energy Conversion Alternatives Study (ECAS) , phase 2. Integrated coal gasifier/molten.carbonate fuel cell powerplant conceptual design and implementation assessment [NASA-Ca-134955] 15 p0380N77-26637 Superconducting energy storage development for • electric utility systems [1A-BB-76-2294] 15 p0381 N77-26649 Hill a rapidly expanding power-generating system be part ox the energy problem or'part of its solution , - . * . • " C OCRL-78500] . . 15 p0381 H77-26651 Air pollution and the siting of fossil fuel pover .plants . • ' t AHL-76-JC1C-14 ] . 15 p0386 N77-26708 Structural reform in the electric'power industry (PB-264589/3J '•' 15 'p0389. H77-27316 Coal-conversion program. Energy Supply and Environmental Coordination Act (as amended) .• Section 2 '. • •' . • . - (PB-265815/1J ; ; 15 p0393 H77-27542 Central receiver solar thermal power system, phase 1 rsAH/1110-76/2J .- -15 p0394 H77-27551 Report of tae Hearing Panel:• National 'Public hearing on Power Plant Compliance with Sulfur Oxide Air Pollution Regulations [PB-264891/3] ' ' . - • ; - 1 5 p03?6 K77-27625 High power density SHD generators . . " ."• [AD-A038612] . • - ' . 15,p0397 B77.-27983 ELECTRIC POIEB SOPPLIBS .' . Snperflywheel energy storage and nonsynchronons AC/DC/AC electric transmission supplements power system operation . • , ' • • ... J 13 p0002 A77-10638 Solar energy conversion technology assessment ,. ' . 13 :p0006 A77-11037 The overcoming of energy deficiencies with ' the aid of wind pover ' • - . . ' • • . ' - . 1 3 pOOOe A77-11174 Electricity ani heat production.- Energy . • ' . • " efficiency versus cost'efficiency .' ' ' 13 p0011 A77-11338 Anomalous current-voltage characteristics observed during reactor tests of multielement thermionic assemblies - . ' ,13! D0018 A77-12361 Electric utility companies and geothermal power . . ' . .13 p0031 A77-12759 The potential national benefits of geothermal .• r electrical energy .pro'duction from .hydrothermal resources.in the 'West . . 13 p003.1 A77-12760 Comparison of candidate so'lar array, maximum power utilization approaches ' for spacecraft \ propulsion. . * * . r . 13 pOOill A77-12836 KIPS - Kilowatt Isotope Power System'-— for use. in satellites • - 13 p0041 A77-12837 S H A P 19 Viking BTG mission performance • • ' . 1 3 p0041 A77-12840 Fuel cells .electrochenical energy conversion .' ' 13 pOOSS A77-15804 Some studies on sodium/sulfur cells - • 13 pOOSS A77-15813 Electric arc power collection for high-speed trains 13 p0060 A77,-16594 Electric power' supply in the case of airports. I 13 p0061 A77-16742 Solar thermal power generation ; 13 p0077 A77-19095 Economic and social impact of solar powered . transportation systems 13 p0079 J77-19120 Demand electric rates - A new problem and challenge for solar heating 14 p0137 A77-20388 Voltage consolidation and control circuits for multiple-electrode BHD generators 14 p0141 A77-21252 A power plant of the Aerosolec type 14 p0153 A77-21839 Preliminary work on photovoltaic solar electric generator for rural electrification at ' Dniversiti Sains Halaysia 14 p0153 A77-21840 The use of solar cells as energy supply for a pumping system • . " 14 p0155 A77-21854 A-58 SUBJECT IHDEX ELECTBICil PBOPEETIBS Some applications of photovoltaic solar energy 14 p0155 A77-21855 Simulation of wind tnrbine generator system power flow dynanics " ; 114 p0158 A77-22650 Flywheel-electric hybrid vehicle 11 p0159 A77-22886 Sodium/sulphur battery design and development for motive power applications 14 p0161 A77-22905 Fuel cells - prospects of their applications for electric utilities 14 p0165 A77-23306 Electrochemical battery trends for aircraft and ' ' ' missile applications [ A I A A P A P E B 77-<)81] 14 p0172 A77-23901 Performance analysis of a solar-electrical system with a load and storage tatteries • 14 p0177 A77-24570 Oxygen accumulation and electrolyte loss in nickel '* hydrogen ceils1 • . • - • • . " • - I K P0195 A77-28157 Low cost dynamic energy conversion systems 14 p0196 A77-28171 Solar generators -'Utilization of solar energy for 'supply of electric power • • • - ' • • 1 i ( P0197 A77-28681 Hydrogen cycle peak-shaving on' the Sew York State ' Grid' using fuel cells ! 14 p0199 A77-29094 Dse'of ' -solar generators in Africa for broadcasting eguipment ' -' ' ' •' • ' 15 p0256 A77-30320 Power supplies for full time fly-by-wire aircraft ., control systems ' ' : ' 1 "• , 15 p0320 A77-38461 Costs of alternative-sources-of electricity rPB-255765/0] 13 p'0107 N77-12528 Assessment of cadmium sulfide photovoltaic arrays for large scale electric utility applications - rPB-255646/2] ' L :- • ' 13 p0109 N77-12551 , Investment planning in the energy sector ' ' -r.tBL-41474] ' ;" .' '. 13 p0125 B77-14948 Participating surveillance services- for electric power, program. Coal conversion and "utilization: Direct 'combustion.of coal-90e, advanced , . power-90f . . ' summary f o r ' E H D A annual report. CY : " ' "1975' .' . . f,FE-1236-4] , 13 p0130 H77-15507 Possible effects of'nuclear initiative on supply . and use of electricity in California ' . .^r ,AD-A026582 /T .13 p0131 S77-15510 Integrating community utilities for tresource conservation" ' ' ; ' ' , ' , [PB-2568S8/81 13 p0133 877-15923 Navy applications for terrestrial photovoltaic 'solar power ' " ' , . , . . . . [AD-A030529] 14 p0218 H77-18590 Commodity hydrogen f rom off-peak electricity ,:, .. .' . '. 14 'p0245 N77-21641 BIOS systems analysis: Initial comparisons of ,;. 't .modular-sized integrated utility systems and ' cohvertional systems rOBNL-HOD-HIOS-6] '" 14 p0249 !N77-21684 Energy use patterns in metallurgical and ,..nonmetallic mineral processing (Volume 1, Phase 6: Energy', data and flow sheets, low-priority. . • commodities) fPB-261150/7] 15 p0346 H77-22644 Energy use patterns in metallurgical and nonmettalic mineral processing (Volume 1, Phase 9: Areas where alternative technologies should be developed to lower energy use in production of high-priority commodities), supplement [PB-261153/1] 15 p0346 H77-22645 Sources of energy data for Illinois fPB-262562/2] 15 p0350 N77-22686 Electric utility coal consumption and generation trends, 1976-1985 fPB-262483/1] 15 p0374 H77-25667 Economic assessment of the utilization of fuel cells in electric utility [EPBI-EH-336] 15 p0392 N77-27516 Factors af fec t ing the electric power supply, 1980-85: Executive summary and recommendations rPB-264760/0] 15 p0395 N77-27560 ELECTBIC POIEB IBAHSHISSIOH Energy transmission from ocean thermal energy conversion plants 13 p0032 A77-12773 Solar energy and electric utilities - Should they be interfaced 14 p0143 A77-21281 Solar electric power generating stations in space - .XXI century energy or a Utopia 15 p0269 A77-32470 Assessment of power system security under load uncertainty 13 p0112 S77-13324 Non-nuclear energy technology. Low temperature cable for power transmission [BMFT-FB-T-76-01] 14 p0210 N77-17372 Brookhaven superconducting cable test facility [BHL-21780] 14 p0236 N77-21331 Ocean thermal energy delivery systems based on chemical energy carriers 14 p0240 N77-21609 ELECTBIC PBOPDLSION -Power source requirements of electric propulsion systems used for north-south stationkeeping of communication satellites 13 p0040 A77-12833 N A S A electric propulsion program [ A I A A PAPSB 76-1068] 13 p0045 A77-13033 Electric veaicle batteries - Opportunities for materials improvement 13 p0049 A77-13736 Superconducting machinery for Naval ship propulsion 14 p0144 A77-21361 Besults of baseline tests of the Lucas Limousine [HASA-TM-X-73609] 14 p0214 S77-17947 High-performance batteries for off-peak energy storage and electric-vehicle propulsion CANL-76-91 14 p0223 N77-19621 ELECTBIC PULSES Pulsed energy conversion with a dc superconducting magnet 13 p0081 A77-19293 POLSAB - A flux compression stage for coal-fired power plants - 14 p0190 A77-26544 A multi-megajoule inertial-inductive energy ' - storage'system 15 p0299 A77-36292 ELECTBIC SOCKET EHGISBS Status" of SEBT" 2 thrusters and spacecraft 1976 • [NASA-TH-X-7J501 ] 13 p0083 N77-10149 ELECTBIC IIBE Design modification of Femco Model 702909 wireless ' *' ground ' monitor for use in strip mining rPB-262853/4] 15 p0360 H77-24371 ELECTBICAL ENSINEBBING .Transport: systems guarantee efficient utilization , of energy resources 13 p0053 A77-15048 ELECTRICAL FAULTS ' Axial field limitations in HBO generators - 15 p0328 A77-39552 Study of the m a x i m u m Hall voltages and interelectrode breakdown in the channel of an open-cycle HHD generator - A joint O.S.-D.S.S.B. experiment on the 002 facility BHD generator 15 p0329 A77-39554 ELECTBICAL 6BOOSDING Design modification of Femco Model 702909 wireless ground monitor for use in strip mining [PB-262858/41 15 p0360 N77-24371 ELECTBICAL flEASOBEHENT An experimental investigation of fluctuating properties within a combustion HHD generator . . 15 p0330 A77-39559 ELECTBICAL PBOPBBXIBS Air electrodes for H2-air fuel cells with alkali electrolyte 13 p0065 A77-18196 Experimental investigation of multiple-loaded, diagonal conducting wall generators 15 P0325 A77-39529 Electrical and thermal instabilities in the - electrode.surface region in a combustion HHD generator channel 15 p0328 A77-39550 Electrical behavior of slag coatings in coal-fired HHD generators 15 p0328 A77-39551 »-59 BLBCTBICAL BESISTAHCE SDBJECT IHDEI ELBCTBICAL BBSISTABCB Reducing grain-boundary effects in polycrystalline silicon solar cells 13 p001« &77-11761 An analysis of silicon solar cell parameters for terrestrial applications 13 p0076 A77-19081 Optiaization of silicon solar cell design for use under concentrated sunlight 15 p0257 A77-30714 Besistance'of superconductlng-nornal metal-superconducting sandwiches [LBL-5473] 1.5 p03«1 877-22393 ELECTRICAL BBSISTIV1II t' Electrical conductivity of molten coal slags containing potassium seed • ' 15 p0330 S77-39565 ELECTBICITY Geothermal energy for electrical and nonelectrical applications [LA-OB-76-418] 13 p0123 H77-14601 Electric energy usage and regional economic development 1 rPB-257544/7] 14 P0208 N77-16449 ELECTBIPICAT10B Preliminary work on photovoltaic solar electric generator for rural electrification at Oniversiti Sains.Malaysia 1<4 p0153 A77-21840 ELECIEOCATSLISTS Highly dispersed tungsten carbide for fuel cells vith an acidic electrolyte 13 p0055 477-15815 Fuel cell assemblies with an acidic'electrolyte 13 p0055 A77-15816 Air electrodes for H2-air fuel cells with alkali electrolyte 13 p0065 A77-18196 • A comparison of porous silver catalysts in oxygen electrodes of alkaline fuel cells . ' ••• 13 p0067 A77-18350 Oxidation of methanol on agitated bed electrodes using non-aetallic electrocataiysts for-fuel cells 14 p0176 A77-24568 The electron factor in catalysis on metals electrocatalysis on non-metallic surfaces [PB-256264/3] 13 p0103 H77-12166 Carbon oxidation catalyst mechanism study for fuel cells ' [PB-256420/1 1 13 p0115 H77-13551 Surface research for development of new electrocataiysts for acid electrolyte fuel cells C A D - A 0 2 6 0 5 3 ] 13 p0131 N77-15517 Investigation of acid-resistant "electrocataiysts for fuel cells fASA-TT-F-17367] 14 p0207 H77-16444 Prospects for hydrogen production by water electrolysis to be competitive with conventional methods 14 p0238 H77-21593 Fuel cells and solid electrolytes TAD-A033782] ' 15 p0366 S77-2U630 ELECTBOCHEBICAL CEILS Performance characteristics of solidT l i thium-aluminum alloy electrodes 13 p0007 A77-11107 Energy recovery f rom saline water by means of electrochemical cells 13 p0013 A77-11536 New electrochemical current sources 13 P0020 A77-12650 ' Photoassisted electrolysis of water - Conversion of optical to chemical energy 13 p0021 A77-12666 Energy conversion via photoelectrolysis „ - . . 13 p0021 A77-12667 1 Electrochemical power and hydrqcjen generation from high temperature electrolytic cells 13 p0025 A77-12709 'Development of compact lithium/iron disulfide .. electroctenical cells 13 p0026 A77-12715 The theory of- hydrogen production in a photoelectrochenical cell 13 p0075 A77-19075 Alternating phctoelectrochemical converters 13 p0077 A77-19093 Hydrogen production by photoelectrochemistry in visible light 14 p0150 A77-21813 Method of investigation, experimental results, and optimization criteria for photoelectrochenical converters 14 p0151 A77-21814 The lithium-water-air battery for automotive propulsion 14 p0162 A77-22915 Electrochemical battery trends for aircraft and missile applications ( A I A A PAPEB 77-481] 14 p0172 A77-23901 Photoelectroche mica 1 energy conversion and storage - The polycrystalline CdSe cell with different storage modes 14 p0196 A77-28463 • The theory of nydrogen production in a photoelectrochemical cell 15 p0279 A77-33370 Cathodes for pnotodriven hydrogen generators - • ZnTe and CdTe 15 p0296 A77-35921 Hydrogen for energy storage: A progress report of technical developments and possible applications [BKL-20931] 13 p0094 S77-11201 Fuel cells and solid electrolytes (AD-A033782] 15 p0366 N77-24630 ELECTBOCHESICAL COBBOSIOS '",vP' Corrosion problems related to the employment of aluminum in collector construction 14 p0202 A77-29566 Anodic oxidation of ethylene glycol with noble' metal alloy catalysts in fuel cell 15 p0260 A77-31171 Hater electrolysis under pressure: Improvement of energy efficiency by temperature increase 14 p0238 N77-21594 ELECTBOCHEBICAL SACHIHIHG Disposal of toxic wastes. I - Electroplating and electrochemical machining wastes. II - Poisonous and radioactive wastes 15 p0305 A77-36608 ELECTBOCHEHICAL OIIDATIOH - . Measurement of the excess oxidant ratio in the combustion products of an MHD-generator • 14 p0136 A77-20107 Oxidation of methanol on agitated bed electrodes using non-metallic electrocataiysts for fuel cells 14 p0176 A77-24568 Improved acid electrolytes for the hydrocarbon-air fuel cell 14 p0195 A77-28166 ELBCTBOCBEBISIBY Fuel cells electrochemical energy conversion 13 p0055 A77-15804 A comparison of porous silver catalysts in oxygen electrodes of alkaline fuel cells 13 p0067 A77-18350 Description of a new photoelectrochemical generator 14 p0150 A77-21812 Basic research problems in the generation of electrochemical energy for powering small private vehicles 14 p O I S O A77-25721 Prospects for aydrogen production by water electrolysis to be competitive with conventional methods 15 p0277 A77-33359 Theoretical treatment of the photoelectrochemical production of hydrogen semiconductor electrode for solar applications 15 p0321 A77-38530 Besearch on electrochemical energy conversion systems t4D-A023639] 13 p0090 H77-10681 Optimization of PT-doped Kocite (trademark) electrodes in H3 PO4 fuel cells [AD-A025326] 13 p0107 H77-12529 Hydrogen production by means of reactor heat using halogens and reversible electrochemical methods in a closed cycle process 14 p0238 H77-21582 Optimization or PT-doped Kocite (B) trademark electrodes in H3 P04 fuel cells [AD-A034604] 15 p0365 N77-24618 SUBJECT IHDEX ELBCMOLYSIS' BLECTBOCOHDOCTIVITY .Conductivity of seeded combustion products of acetylene systems .15 p0288 177-31039 Sone properties of coal slags of importance to HHD 15 p0330 A77-39563 ELBCTBODES Performance characteristics of solid lithium-aluminum alloy electrodes 13 p0007 A77-11107 Advances in component technology for nickel-zinc cells 13 p0025 A77-12710 Review of electrode designs and fabrication techniques for lithiun-aluminum/iron sulfide cells 13 p0025 A77-12713 Advanced thermionic converter development , ... 13 p0043 A77-12862 A new hydrogen storage electrode 13 p0047 A77-13539 Diffuse thermal model of electrode erosion for BHD generators 13 p0049 A77-14319 Electrode-connecting material as a central component of high-temperature .fuel cells. II - Investigation of selected high-conductivity mixed oxides 13 p0056 A77-15817 Air electrodes for H2-air fuel cells Kith alkali electrolyte 13 p0065 A77-18196 .A comparison of porous silver catalysts in oxygen electrodes.cf alkaline fuel cells : ' . . . - . . . 13 p0067 A77-18350 Test results on the spinel electrode module in laboratory - and simulated,MHD environment . . .-14 p0140 A77-21227 Development.of large size nickel-zinc cells for electric vehicles . • - • • • 14 p0161 A77-22911 Hydrogen producing cycles using electricity and heat - Hydrogen halide cycles: Electrolysis of HBr , 14 p0171 A77-23719 Oxidation of methanol on agitated bed electrodes using non-metallic electrocatalysts —— for fuel cells . ' . • , . . 14 p0176 477-24568 Generalized analysis of thermoelectric device configurations "• - 14 P0177 A77^24572 , -Oxygen accumulation and electrolyte loss in nickel hydrogen cells . . .. 14 p0195 A77-28157 , Cathode spots en metallic electrodes of an HHD-channel 15 p0269 A77-32518 The theory of hydrogen production in a pho'toelectrochemical cell ' , . , . . 1 5 p0279 A77-33370 The second joint test of a O.S. electrode system in the D'.S.S.B. D-02 facility. ' ' 15 p0327 A77-39540 Electrical and thermal instabilities in the electrode surface,, region in. a combustion BHD generator channel 15 p0328 A77-39550 Electrical behavior tof slag coatings in coal-fired HHD generators 15 p0328 A77-39551 Study of the maximum Hall voltages and interelectrode breakdown in the channel of an open-cycle HHD generator - 4 joint 0.S.-O.S.S.B. experiment on the 002 facility HHD generator 15 p0329 A77-39554 High-performance batteries for off-peak energy storage and electric-vehicle propulsion . ,CANl.-76-81] 15 p0345 H77-22631 Optimization of PT-doped Kocite (B) trademark electrodes in H3 P04 fuel cells [&D-A034604] . 15 p0365 H77-24618 Fuel cells and- solid electrolytes [AD-A033782] 15 p0366 H77-24630 ELECTBODIHAHICS Influence of various losses on the characteristics of high-power UHD generators 13 p0046 A77-13258 Effect of various losses on the characteristics of powerful HHD generators 15 p0263 A77-31538 Electrofluid dynamics energy conversion research [AD-A029066] 14 p0218 H77-18593 ELECTBOHYDBODrHAHICS Investigation of a coaxial explosion-type HHD generator 15 p0268 A77-32313 A consideration of some three-dimensional effects in HHD channel 15 p0330 A77-39560 An investigation of electrohydrodynamic heat pipes [NASA-CB-151977] 15-p0342 H77-22422 ELECTROLYSIS Photoassisted electrolysis of water - Conversion of optical to chemical energy 13 p0021 A77-12666 Hydrogen froa solar energy via water electrolysis 13 p0032 A77-12771 Energy storage via calcium hydride production 13 p0032 A77-12774 Nuclear driven water decomposition plant for hydrogen production 13 p0035 A77-12791 Hydrogen production using solar radiation 13 p0048 A77-13540 The storage of energy in future energy supply systems [DGLB PAPEB 76-182] 13 p0059 A77-16533 Hydrogen producing cycles using electricity and heat - Hydrogen halide cycles: Electrolysis of HBr 14 p0171 A77-23719 Competitively priced hydrogen via high-efficiency nuclear electrolysis 14 p0171 A77-23720 Performance data for a terrestrial solar photovoltaic/water electrolysis experiment 15 p0256 A77-30321 Hydrogen production with HOT ELLY , high temperature vapor phase-electrolysis of water 15 p0269 A77-32404 Hydrogen production from nuclear•waste energy 15 p0274 A77-33331 Peak power and heavy water production from electrolytic H2 and O2 using CANDO reactors 15 p0274 A77-33332 Hydrogen production by means of reactor heat using• halogens and reversible electrochemical methods in a closed cycle process 15 p0276 A77-33350 The Hestinqnouse Sulfur Cycle for the thermochemical decomposition of water 15 p0277 A77-33354 Hydrogen production by water decomposition using a combined electrolytic-thermochemical cycle 15 p0277 A77-33356 Becent developments of large electrolytic hydrogen generators 15 p0277 A77-33358 Prospects ior Hydrogen production by water electrolysis to be competitive with conventional methods 15 p0277 A77-33359 Hater electrolysis under pressure - Improvement of energy efficiency by temperature increase 15 p0277 A77-3336Q Performance characteristics of a high-pressure, . moderate temperature, electrolysis system for hydrogen-based energy storage 15 p0277 A77-33361 Development of a low capital cost electrolyzer for hydrogen production 15 p0277 A77-33362 Hodern technology electrolysis for power application 15 p0278 A77-33364 A wind energy system utilizing high pressure electrolysis as a storage mechanism 15 p0279 A77-33376 Commodity hydrogen from off-peak electricity 15 p0283 A77-33403 I Hydrogen energy - Its potential promises and problems 15 p028« A77-33410 EBDA's hydrogen programs 15 p028» A77-33412 Sill the large-scale production of hydrogen be part of the energy problem or part of its solution 15 p0284 A77-33415 Economics of nuclear-electrolytic hydrogen 15 P0285 A77-33419 i-61 ELECTROLYTES SUBJECT IHDEX Efficiency and cost advantages of an advanced-technology nuclear electrolytic hydrogen-energy production facility 15 p0302 A77-36344 Thermolysis or electrolysis - Why we choose the latter water splitting for hydrogen production 15 p0321 A77-38528 Prospects for hydrogen production by water electrolysis to be competitive vith conventional methods TBHL-20877] 13 p0087 H77-10648 Production of chemical energy carriers by non-expandable energy sources solar energy electrolysis, photolysis, and theruochemical cycles rDLR-FB-76-32] 13 p0114 N77-13541 Competitively priced hydrogen via high-efficiency nuclear electrolysis 14 p0237 N77-21558 The Westinghouse solfur cycle for the thermocheiical decomposition of water 14 p0238 N77-21587 Hydrogen production by water decomposition using a combined electrolytic thermochemical cycle 114 p0238 N77-21589 First Hcrld Hydrogen Energy Conference proceedings, volume 2 14 p0238 H77-21591 .Prospects for hydrogen production by water electrolysis to be competitive with conventional methods 14 p0238 H77-21593 water electrolysis under pressure: Improvement of energy efficiency by temperature increase 14 P0238 N77-21594 Performance characteristics of a high-pressure, moderate temperature, electrolysis system 14 p0238 H77-21595 Modern technology electrolysis for power application concerning hydrogen production 14 p0239 H77-21598 Bydrogen generation by photoelectrolysis of water . 1 4 p0240 N77-21605 A wind energy system utilizing high pressure electrolysis as a storage mechanism 14 p0240 N77-21610 Economics of nuclear - electrolytic hydrogen 14 p0247 N77-21659 Production of chemical energy carriers by non-expandable energy sources solar energy electrolysis, photolysis, and thermochemical cycles CESA-TT-338] 14 p0251 1177-21701 Hydrogen storage, water electrolysis and fuel cells for electric energy storage [BKL-21498] 15 p0344 N77-22620 ELECTROLYTES Improved acid electrolytes for the hydrocarbon-air fuel cell 14 p0195 A77-28166 Solid Polymer Electrolyte (SPE) fuel cell technology, program review, phase 2 rHASA-CB-150957] 13 p0097 N77-11532 Semiconductor-electrolyte photovoltaic energy converter rPB-252837/0] 13 p0099 H77-11548 Surface research for development of new electrocatalysts for acid electrolyte fuel cells CAD-A026053] 13 P0131 H77-15517 An improved electrolyte for direct oxidation fuel cells [AD-A026164] 13 p0131 N77-15518 Development program' for solid electrolyte batteries [PB-260719/0] 15 p0341 H77-22398 High-performance batteries for off-peak energy storage and electric-vehicle propulsion [AHL-76-81] 15 P0345 H77-22631 BLBC1BOLTTIC CELLS A multilayer iron-thionine photogalvanic cell 13 p0007 A77-11108 Electrochemical power and hydrogen generation from high temperature electrolytic cells 13 p0025 477-12709 Advances in component technology for nickel-zinc cells 13 p0025 A77-12710 Development of sodinm/snlfur-cells 13 p0026 A77-12716 Sodium/sulpnur battery development in the United Kingdom 13 p0026 A77-12717 Some studies on sodium/sulfur cells 13 p0055 A77-15813 Highly dispersed tungsten carbide for fuel cells with an acidic electrolyte 13 p0055 A77-15815 Fuel cell assemblies with an acidic electrolyte 13 p0055 A77-15816 Investigation of a TiO2/electrolyte solar cell and the photocatalytic water decomposition 13 p0077 A77-19094 Sodium/sulpnur battery design and development for motive power applications 14 p0161 A77-22905 The lithiua-water-air battery for automotive propulsion 14 p0162 A77-22915 Oxygen accumulation and electrolyte loss 'in nickel • hydrogen cells 14 p0195 A77-28157 Semiconductor-electrolyte photovoltaic cells . . employing CdSe and CdTe .. 15 p02S9 A77-30742 Hydrogen production plants using electrolytic cells with low cost electrodes built into pressure tanks 15 p0278 A77-33365 Photoelectrouic properties of CdTe-electrolyte heterojunctions - Feasibility as solar energy converters 15 p0320 A77-38330 Solar conversion efficiency of pressure sintered cadmium selenide liquid junction cells 15 p0320 A77-38367 Hew separators for nickel-zinc batteries [NASA-TH-i-3465] 13 p0121 N77-14585 Recent developments of large electrolytic hydrogen generators 14 p0238 N77-21592 Development of a low capital cost electrolyzer 14 p0239 N77-21596 Hydrogen,production plants using electrolytic cells wita low cost electrodes built into pressure taaKs 14 p0239 N77-2159? BLBCTBOLYTIC POI.ABIZATIOH »ear-uv photon efficiency in a TiO2 electrode - Application to hydrogen production from solar energy . 13 p0015 .A77-11947 BLBCTBOHAGHEIIC .ISIBBFEBEHCE ' ' -: Photovoltaic system test facility electromagnetic interference measurements CHASA-TH-X-73640] 15 p0343 N77-22608 BLECTHOHAGSBTIC HBASUBEHEBT Remote sensing of an underground coal-burn cavity with a wide-band induction system 13 p0007 A77-11050 BLECTBOHAGHBTIC PBOPOLSIOH Mass driver retrievals of earth-approaching asteroids earth orbit capture for min ing• purposes C A I A A PAPJSB 77-528] 15 p0265 A77-32053 ELECTROBAGSEIIC BADIATIOH Nonitoring fluid flow by using high-frequency electromagnetic probing COCBL-519791 13 p0120 H77-14393 Theoretical analysis of the ESEC report CHASA-CB-152542] 15 p0390 N77-27493 ELECTBOHECHAHICAL DEVICES Performance of an electric van fitted with a hydrodynamic torgae converter transmission 14 p0160 A77-22897 High-power systems with ac generators and inertial storage banks for electrophysical devices 15 p0261 A77-31426 Electrochemical energy conversion. I - Electric vehicle propulsion 15 p0303 A77-36410 BLBCTBOHECHAHICS A possible correlation of the neutron yield to the electromecb.auic work in Bather-type plasma focus devices 13 p0061 A77-17017 a-62 SUBJECT IBDEI BHBBGY ABSOBPTIOH FILBS ELECTBOHOTIVB FOBCES . Themoelectric power of pseudoternary solid solutions 13 p0014 A77-11917 ELECTBOH ACCBLBBATOBS Electron beam research at Sandia Laboratories, OSA for inertial confinement fusion 14 p0138 A77-20706 BLBCTBON BBABS Electron bean research at Sandia Laboratories, OSA for inertial confinement fusion 14 p0138 477-20706 A microwave energy converter with a reversing magnetic field 14 p0139 A77-21154 Overview of energy research and development administration inertial confinement fusion program 14 p0116 A77-21744 Silicon solar cells by high-speed low-temperature processing 15 p0258 A77-30728 The 120-keV beam direct conversion system for TFTB injectors [OCBL-52137] 15 p0355 B77-23610 ELECTBOH DENSITY PBOFILBS Boundary layer measurements of temperature and electron number density profiles in a combustion MHD generator 15 p0288 A77-33710 ELECTBON DIFFOSIOH Besponse of a partially illuminated solar cell 14 p0139 A77-21025 Increase of diffusion lengths of minority carriers under the effect of a width gradient of the forbidden band 14 p0151 A77-21823 Analysis of silicon solar cells with stripe geometry junctions 14 p0156 A77-22079 Photovoltaic properties and junction formation in CuInSe2 15 p0305 A77-36584 ELECTBOH EHISSIOH Thermionic emission characteristics of seeded coal slags 14 p0140 A77-21229 ELECTBOH EBBB6I Construction of two-dimensional steady-state solution of equations of a nonegnilibrium magnetized plasma 13 p0065 A77-18130 BLECTBOB IBBADIATIOB Radiation effects on high efficiency silicon solar cells' 13 p0064 A77-18072 ELECTBOH HICBOSCOPES Epitaxial silicon technology for low-cost solar cells [PB-262396/5] 15 p0374 H77-25663 ELECTBOH PABAHAGHETIC BESOHAHCE . Hydrogen atoms: Rare earth ions: Magnetic resonance studies on polycrystallirie solids and surface systems relevant to catalysis and other energy-related research 13 p0117 N77-13798 ELECTBOH BECOBBIHATIOH Besponse of a partially illuminated solar cell 14 P0139 A77-21025 Fundamental electronic mechanisms limiting the performance of solar cells 15 p0257 A77-30710 BLECTBOH TBANSIfIOBS Heasnrements of Sc I gf-values absorption spectroscopy usinq heat pipe oven 13 p0058 A77-16270 BLECTBOHIC COHTBOL Bosch technical instruction. Gasoline injection D and L-jetrcnic fHASA-TT-F-17111 ] 13 p0095 B77-11399 ELBCTBOHIC BQDISBEHT Cooling arrays of circuit cards using heat pipes . and forced air diffusers 13 p0031 A77-12766 ELECTBOPHOTOHETBY. Experimental facility for measuring spatial and energy characteristics of solar concentrators 14 p0179 A77-25356 BLECTBOPLATIHG Disposal of toxic wastes. I - Electroplating and electrochemical machining wastes. II - Poisonous and radioactive wastes 15 p0305 A77-36608 ELECTBOSTATIC CHARGE Electrostatic energy storage [OBHL-TH-5529] 15 p0364 H77-24598 ELECTBOSTATICS Electrostatic properties of JP-5 jet fuel from alternate sources [AD-A025684J 13 p0103 B77-12232 EHEBGBHCIES Emergency power plant of rapid availability for the Berlin-tegel airport 13 p0001 A77-10324 Proposed energy conservation contingency plan: • Emergency heating, cooling and hot water restrictions. Economic impact analysis. Environmental impact assessment [PB-258624/6] 14 p0217 N77-18584 EHITTAHCB Study of emittance distribution along the walls of a cellular low-loss cell in the case of a base surface with arbitrary emission indicatrix 13 p0069 A77-18495 EMCAPSOLATIHG Encapsulation of solar cell modules 13 p0076 A77-19092 Consideration of encapsulants for photovoltaic arrays in terrestrial applications 14 p0203 A77-29580 Beview of world experience and properties of materials for encapsulation of terrestrial photovoltaic arrays CBASA-CB-1491451 ] 13 p0106 N77-12524 Solar energy subsystems employing isothermal heat sink materials [PB-258733/4J 14 p0233 H77-20616 EBEBGT Environmental considerations of selected energy conserving manufacturing process options. Volume 13: Phosphoric acid industry report [PB-264279/1] 15 p0385 H77-26690 EBBSGI ABSOBPTIOH Progress in development and application of selective surfaces for solar collectors 13 p0072 A77-19052 Temperature optimization for power production of infinite heat transfer solar absorbers 13 p0073 A77-19055 .Absorption cycles for air-cooled solar air conditioning 14 p0168 A77-23447 Study of an absorption solar refrigeration unit functioning on a round-the-clock basis 15 p0316 A77-37772 EHEBGT ABSOBPTIOH FILBS Plastics for solar-energy collectors. II - Typical operational data and model parameters, functional diagrams, optimization of layer thicknesses 13 p0009 A77-11269 Photovoltaic conversion of solar energy 13 p0058 A77-16368 Contribution to the study of solar energy collectors - Selective plates and cells 13 p0072 A77-19051 Indoor test methods to determine the effect of vacuum on the performance of a tubular flat plate collector for solar energy conversion f A S M E PAPfifi 76-WA/SOL-24] 14 p0190 A77-26529 Plastics in systems of solar technology - A survey 14 p0197 A77-28677 The selectivity of absorbing layers of solar collector materials 14 p0202 A77-29565 Havelength-selective surfaces for solar energy utilization 14 p0204 A77-29583 A comparison of solar photothermal coatings 14 p0204 A77-29584 Improved black nickel coatings for flat plate solar collectors 14 p0204 A77-29585 Applications of thin graded-index films to solar absorbers 15 p0260 A77-31244 A-63 BHBBGT BiHDS SUBJECT IHDEI Selective black absorbers using BF-sputtered CI2O3/CI cermet films 15 p0265 A77-31951 Novel development for economic solar-energy utilization 15 p0268 A77-32402 Cadniun stannate selective optical films for solar energy applications tPB-254879/0] 13 p0090 H77-10678 Developnent of a new silicon Schottky photovoltaic energy converter IPB-26219VO 15 p0313 BT7-25654 EBEBGY BiHDS Fundamental electronic mechanisms limiting tbe performance cf solar cells 15 P0257 A77-30710 EHEBGT BUDGETS Characteristic aspects of the evolution of the French electric balance in 1975 13 p0012 A77-11340 Solar energy as contribution to the energy budget • - Problems of storage 15 p0336 A77-39986 BHEBGT COHSBBVATIOH The energy problem and the earth's fuel situation 13 pOOO» A77-11027 Energy consumption and conservation in the United States 13 pOOOS A77-11028 Total energy systems electric power generation with heat recovery 13 p0006 A77-11042 Optimal thermal insulation as an investment-computational problem 13 p0009 A77-11268 Air cleanup and energy management 13 p0010 A77-11302 Electricity and heat production - Energy efficiency versus cost efficiency 13 p0011 A77-11338 Nuclear, power, coal and energy conservation /with a note on the costs of a nuclear moratorium/ 13 p0013 A77-11524 Air transportation energy efficiency - Alternatives and implications ^ • • f S A W E PAPEH 11241 13 p0016 A77-12192 Baseline test data for the EVA electric vehicle —- low energy consumption automobiles 13 p0025 A77-12701 Energy saving potential of engine-electric vehicular drives 13 p0025 A77-12708 Energy conservation wi-th advanced power generating systems 13 p0026 A77-12723 Energy conservation potential of nodular Integrater Utility Systems /BIDS/ 13 p0026 A77-12724 Diversification as an energy conservation strategy 13 p0027 A77-12725 Industrial energy conservation through integration of thermal energy storage into process energy dynamics 13 p0028 A77-12733 An advanced energy conservation technology program; Proceedings of the Intersociety workshop Conference, Airlie House, Va., March 2U-26, 1S76 13 p0045 A77-12928 Evolution of the concept of the automobile from the standpoint of saving energy 13 p0051 A77-14562 Energy recovery in railway and road transportation 13 p0051 477-14564 Energy and environmental impacts of materials alternatives - An assessment of quantitative understanding 13 p0070 A77-18738 Improved use of energy through waste and solar energy utilization 13 p0079 A77-19123 Commuter van programs - An assessment 1I| p0137 A77-20391 Electric load management and energy conservation 14 p0137 A77-20685 Energy - An emerging role for aerospace 14 p0166 A77-23363 Hew reguirements for the development and design of thermal power systems 14 p0167 A77-23407 Solar energy retrofit for existing buildings 14 p0168 A77-23444 The potential ror fuel conservation 14 p0178 A77-24960 Basis for developing a solar energy inventory 14'p0179 A77-25360 Electricity and the energy 'gap' 14 p0195 A77-27890 Dew life for old garbage - Besonrce and energy recovery froa solid wastes 14 p0199 A77-29096 Application of gravitational energy exchange to tracked urban transit systems 14. p0200 A77-29468 Optimal unit commitment electric power system operating mode for cost reduction .15 p0260 A77-30812 The law for saving energy and its significance for energy politics . . \ 15 p0261 A77-31372 Energy savings by application o'f knowledge of . building physics. I - wall permeability and! its significance for the' atmospheric conditions in the building interior, the design and the thermal characteristics of windows, problems concerning tae permeability of the joints 15 p0261 A77-31373 Economy of tap water heating in summer by means of solar energy 15 p0261 A77-31374 Efficient energy utilization , . .. 15 p026«, A77-31578 Ways of improving fuel utilization in industry 15 ,p0265 A77-31935 Industry can save energy without stunting its growth ' 15 p0267 A77-32209 Energy froa wastes ' . . " ' I .15 p'0272 A77-33280 Automotive fuel-saving system with on-board , hydrogen generation and injection into I. C. engines 15 p.0280 A77733384 Cut energy costs: A guide for buying and .plant' . . operation industrial energy saving techniques :15 p.0290 A77r34642 Energy and aero.space /Sixty-fifth Wilbur .and Orville Bright flemorial Lecture/ 'aerospace contributions to energy "conservation , ' ".' . ' : . t - , . . - • • 1 5 P0304 A77-36434 Energy res'earca overview - Alternatives for .energy development , - [AAS 75-280] .. . . . : , 1.5 p0304 A77-36555 Energy conservation and a healthy economy.. ' i 15 p0305 A77r36612 Technologies "lead, to conservation : -in munition .• plants • . ' . 15 p0305 A77-36634 Economic benefits of energy conservation 15 p0307 A77-36797 The auto option bus usage in urban areas . 15 p0310 ,'A77-36983 Banning oiit of steam.. Ill alternatives to internal coomnstion engine • '.. 15 p0310 -A77-36984 Municipal solid waste as a resource for energy recovery and conservation .15 p0313 A77-37655 Thermolysis or electrolysis - ,Hhy we choose the • latter water splitting for hydrogen production 15 p0321 A77-38528 Energy conservation in the investment policies of French firms. I - Formulation of the problem 15 p0324 A77-39504 Comparative energy policies of France, England, and Germany. II - Electricity and nuclear energy 15 ,p0324 A77-39505 Technical and economic aspects of industrial power-heat coupling. I 15 p0334 A77-39674 Transportation energy conservation data book fOBHl-5193] 13 p0086 N77-10643 Analysis of state solar energy options fPB-25i(730/5] 13 p0091 N77-10688 Aircraft fuel conservation technology. Task force report, September 10, 1975 rNASA-TH-X-74295] 13 p0093 N77-11055 A-64 SUBJECT ISDEX ENEHGY CORSEBVATION COHI Conference report:. Energy Conservation in Transportation and Construction [PB-255857/5] 13 p0100 H77-11562 Assessing the relationship between urban fora and travel requirements: A literature review and conceptual framework rPB-254988/9] 13 p0102 N77-11923 California energy outlook rt)CBL-5196-BEV-i:i 13 p0106 »77-12525 A study of inplant electric power generation in the chemical, petroleum refining, and paper and pulp industries [PB-255658/7] 13 p0115 H77-135112 A study of inplant electric power generation in the chemical, petroleum refining, and paper and pulp industries fPB-255659/5] ' 13 p0115 N77-13543 Bonneville power administration electric energy conservation study [PB-256766/7] 13 p0115 H77-13550 Final assessment of the environmental impacts of the State Energy Conservation Program (Public . law 9U-163, Title III. part C, The Energy Policy and Conservation Act) -[PB-256044/9] 13 p0116 N77-13555 Besearch plan for achieving reduced automotive energy consumption [PB-255929/2] 13 p0121 N77-14495 Second Environmental Aspects of Fuel Conversion Technology Symposium' rPB-257182/6] 13 p0125 N77-14645 Study of the cost/benefit tradeoffs for reducing the energy consumption of the commercial air transportation system [NASA-CB-137926] 13 p0126 N77-15007 Study of the cost/benefit tradeoffs for reducing the energy consumption of the commercial air transportation system rNASA-CB-137927] 13 p0126 N77-15008 Study of unconventional aircraft engines designed for low energy consumption rNASA-CB-135136] 13 p0127 N77-15043 Effects of a thermal reactor on the energy efficiency of a turbocbarged:, stratified charge engine TAD-A026059] 13 p0128 N77-15409 .Integrating community utilities for resource conservation [PB-256898/8] 13 p0133 N77-15923 Ha,cro-economic impact and other considerations in selecting energy conservation measures CPB-257678/3] 14' p0208 N77-16454 Potential for energy conservation technology transfer ' fCONF-760536-1] 11 p0211 N77-17573 Proposed energy conservation contingency plan: Emergency heating, cooling and hot water restrictions. Economic impact analysis. Environmental impact assessment [PB-25862II/6] 1* p0217 N77-18584 Proceedings of the 3rd .Annual Energy.Conservation Management Conference [PB-258652/7] ' 14 p0218 N77-18594 Changing energy perspectives [OCBL-78153] . . 114 p0223 N77-19626 Composite fiber flywheel for energy storage CUCBL-78085] . 14 p0225 N77-19645 Application of a run around coil system to a roof . fan house at Hichoud Assembly Facility at Hew Orleans, Louisiana [NASA-CB-149887] 14 P0229 B77-20561 Batteries for utility load leveling [CONF-760469-3] 14 p0231 N77-20579 Status of Goldstone solar energy system study of the first Goldstone energy project 14 p0235 N77-21126 Assessment of fuel-conservation potential of a ground-transportation system due to full utilization of its mass transportation capabilities [PB-262125/8] 15 p0347 B77-22657 Examination of the costs, benefits and enery conservation aspects of the NASA aircraft fuel conservation.technology program CHASA-CB-152683] 15 P0352 H77-23007 Energy management guide for light industry and commerce. EPIC energy management series CPB-263121/6] 15 p0356 H77-23616 The potential lor transit as an energy saving option [PB-263087/9] 15 p0359 N77-24019 Fuel efficiency inprovement in rail freight transportation: Hultiple unit throttle control to conserve ruel [PB-262470/8] 15 p0366 N77-24629 Report of toe national Besearch Council Committee on Nuclear aud Alternative Energy Systems . , CPB-263595/1J 15 p0367 N77-21633 Bole of the heat storage well future D.S. energy systems . CPB-263430/6J 15 p0367 N77-24634 Energy in Perspective: An orientation conference for educators [CONF-760677] 15 p0373 N77-25648 Assessment of the potential for energy conservation through improved industrial.boiler efficiency, volume 1 [PB-262576/2] 15 p0374 N77-25665 Choosing an electrical energy future for the Pacific northwest: An alternative scenario . • [PB-264043/0] . 15 p0375 N77-25674 Begional laud use and energy modeling [BNL-21809] 15 p0378 N77-26595 New energy conservation ideas for existing and new buildings [CONF-750942-2] 15 p0382 1177-26660 Byconversion of agricultural wastes for pollution control and energy conservation [TID-27164] 15 p0383 N77-26675 Environmental considerations of selected energy conserving manufacturing process options. Volume 2: Industry priority report [PB-264268/4J . 15 p0383 N77-26679 Environmental considerations of selected energy conserving manufacturing process .options. Volume 3: Iron and steel industry, report (PB-264269/2J 15 p0384 N77-26680 Environmental considerations of selected energy conserving manufacturing process options. Volume 4: Petroleum refining industry report . (PB-264270/OJ 15 p0384 N77-26681 Environmental considerations of selected energy conserving manufacturing process options. . . Volume 5: Pulp and paper industry report [PB-264271/8] 15 p0384 N77T26682 Environmental, considerations of selected energy conserving manufacturing process, options. Volume 6: Olefins industry report [PB-264272/6] 15 p0384 N77-26683 Environmental considerations of selected energy conserving manufacturing process options. Volume 7: Ammonia industry report [PB-264273/4] ' '15 p0384 N77-26684 Environmental considerations of selected energy conserving manufacturing process options. Volume 8: Alumina/aluminum industry report . [.PB-264274/2] 15 p0384 S77-26685 Environmental considerations of selected energy . conserving manufacturing process options. Volume 9: Textile industry report [PB-264275/9] ' .15 p0384 N77-26686 Environmental considerations of selected energy conserving manufacturing process options. Volume 10: Cement industry report [PB-264276/7] 15 p0384 N77-26687 Environmental considerations of selected energy conserving manufacturing process options. Volume 12: Chlor-alkali industry report [PB-264278/3J 15 p0385 N77-26689 Environmental considerations of selected energy conserving manufacturing process options. volume 14: Primary copper industry report ['PB-264280/9J 15 p0385 N77-26691 Environmental considerations of selected energy conserving manufacturing process options. Volume 15: Fertilizer industry report [PB-264281/7J 15 p0385 N77-26692 The potential of lignocellnlosic materials for the production of chemicals, fuels, and energy [PB-264458/1] 15 p0385 N77-26698 Energy use for building construction [COO-2791-2] 15 p0391 N77-27509 Nonbiological photochemical energy conversion, can it compete [SABD-76r5763] 15 p0393 H77-27541 1-65 BBEB6T COHSOHPTIOH SOBJECT IHDEX EBEBGY COBSDBPTJOB Energy consumption and conservation' in the Onited States 13 pOOOS A77-11028 Principles of energy analysis • ' 13 p0007 A77-11045 The availability of fuels for power plants 13 p0010 A77-11316 Higher electric power use reduces energy consumption for same gross national product 13 p0011 A77-11334 Characteristic aspects of the evolution of the French electric balance in 1975 13 p0012 A77-11340 Energy in the household - Comparison of heating costs and prognosis concerning the consumption of energy until 1985 13 p0015 A77-12059 The significance of coal in the future energy picture 13 p0018 A77-12247 Rethod of accounting for the ambiguity of initial information in the optimization-of regional fuel/energy talance 13 p0020 A77-12657 Small electric vehicle considerations in view of performance and energy nsage • 13 p0024 A77-12698 An analysis of electric vehicle mission, design, energy impact and cost 13 p0024 A77-12700 New concepts in solar photovoltaic electric power - systems design 13 p0038 A77-12817 Detailed geographic analysis of residential energy consumption 13 p0043 A77-12864 Energy consumption in various modes of transportation 13 pOOSO A77-14561 The energy crisis today - A perspective . - 111 p0137 A77-20390 Regression study of solar radiation and electrical energy consumption 111 p0137 A77-20686 The minimui combustion gas recirculation ratio for fuel gas conversion in a HBO cycle • 111 p0157 A77-22552 A comparison between the primary energy • consumption of electric and gasoline powered vehicles 111 p0159 A77-22885 Performance of an electric van fitted with a hydrodynamic 'torgue converter transmission HI p0160 A77-22897 The case for alternative energy sources 15 p0262 A77-31469 Energy demands: Modeling methods and technigues French book 15 p026i| A77-31595 Use of a.lowrf-type spatial allocation model in an urban transportation energy study 15 p0265 A77-31899 Analysis of a Delphi study on hydrogen questionnaire survey on future energy utilization 15 p0284 A77-33411 A comparison of residential and commercial energy use in the United States and Sweden 15 p0297 A77-36114 A paranetric analysis of the structure of international energy consumption 15 p0298 A77-36242 Energy and the economy - An interrelated perspective 15 p0298 A77-36243 Historical patterns of residential and commercial energy uses 15 p0298 A77-36244 Toward establishing a national energy policy 15 p0307 A77-36767 Oltimate consumption of fuel, and energy in the noniodnstrial sector 15 p033il A77-39668 A linear economic model of fuel and energy use in the United States. Volume 1: flodel Description and results [PB-252485/8] 13 p0088 H77-10662 A linear economic model of fuel and energy in the Onited States. Volume 2: Submodels and data CPB-2521186/6] 13 p0089 H77-10663 Summary of fiPA energy policy analysis [PB-253361/0] 13 p0089 N77-10669 A simulation analysis of OS e'nergy demand, supply, and prices ' TPB-254314/81 ' 13 p0090 N77-10680 Energy-economy relationships fPB-255171/1j 13 p0099 N77-11552 Energy information activities at the PEA fPB-253962/5) 13 p0099 N77-11553 E n e r g y use in the contract construction industry [PB-245422/1) 13 p0099 H77-11557 Review of energy forecasting methodologies and assumptions fPB-255170/3] 13 p0107 N77-12526 Bistorical fuels and energy consumption data, 1960 - 1972, United States by states and census districts east of the Mississippi CPB-255176/0] 13 p0112 N77-13229 Historical fuels and energy consumption data', 1960 - 1972, Onited States by states and census : districts west of the Mississippi [PB-255 177/8] - 13 p0112 H77-13230 Bonneville power administration electric energy • conservation study " ' ' fPB-256766/7] 13 p0115 N77-13550 Energy consumption characteristics'of transports • using the prop-fan concept fNASA-ca-1379371 13 p O I I S H77-1I1029 Energy consumption characteristics of transports using the prop-fan concept: Summary report • rNASA-CB-1379381 13 pO-118 N77-14030 Investment planning in the energy sector [LBL-4474] 13 p0125 N77-14948 Uydrodynamic equil ibrium conditions for AG (EH) ' • main strut-pod foil system using flap incidence control ... • ' v . •-. r A D - A 0 2 7 5 2 1 ] 13 p0127 N77-15220 Coal gasification commercial concepts: Gas cost; guidelines' [FE-1235-1] 13 p0130-N77-T5500 Possible effects of nuclear initiative on supply- and use of electricity in Califprnia' • ' • rAD-A026532] . ' . ' 13 p0131 .H77-15510 Electric enerqy usage and regional economic ' development . - • ' . - . ' . ' [PB-25754H/7] 14 p0208 N77-16449 Proceedings of National Conference on Health,' • ^" Environmental' Effects, and Control Technology of Energy Ose ' . • • . - • fPB-256845/91 14 p0208 N77-J6453 Proposed energy conservation contingency plan: Emergency . aeating, cooling, *and "hot water - -j .- restrictions. Economic impact analysis. • ' • - .Environmental impact assessment CPB-258624/6] . • 14 p0217 N77-18584 Regional energy system for the'planning and optimization of national scenarios (RESPONS) . Clean coal enerqy: Source-to-use economics project • ' . : [EHDA-76-.109] ., . 14 p0222 N77-19602 Residential enargy use alternatives to the year 2000 [CONF-76a648-1 ] . - 1 4 p0223 N77.-19625 •Net energy analysis: An energy balance study of fossil fuel resources. Summary .report [PB-259159/2] . . . 1? p0225 N77-19658 Summary report of technical discussion, NASA-EBDA solar energy proposal 14 p0229 877-20562 Engineering-economic model of residential energy use [OBNL-T8-5470] 14 p0231 N77-20580 A western regional energy development study: Economics. Volume 1: SBI energy .model results CPB-260835/4] 14 p0251 H77-21706 Long-range forecasting properties of state-6f-tne-art models of demand for electric energy. Volume 2: Annotated bibliography [PB-261766/0) . 14 p0251 H77-21718 Strategic petroleum reserve plan (Public law 94-163, section 154) [PB-261737/1] 15 p0342 H77-22591 Energy use patterns in metallurgical and nonnetallic mineral processing (Volume 1, Phase 6: Energy data and flow sheets, low-priority commodities) [PB-261150/7) 15 p0346 H77-22644 A-66 SUBJECT UDBI EBFB6I COHVEESIOH Energy use patterns in metallurgical and nonm'ettalic gineral processing (Volume 1, Phase 9: Areas where alternative technologies should • be developed to lover energy use in production of high-priority commodities), supplement CPB-261153/1 ] 15.P0346 N77-22645 California's'energy future [AD-A032221] 15 p0348 H77-22667 Report to congress by the Federal Aviation Administration on the energy efficiency of agency regulations [AD-A034611] 15 p0359 N77-24103 Energy self-sufficiency prospects for the British .Columbia forest products industry •'CVP-X-166] 15 p0363 N77-24591 Blternative patterns of industrial energy consumption in the Northeast fBNL-50555] 15 p0364 N77-24597 Fuels and energy data: United States by states and census divisions, 1973 [PB-262362/7] 15 p0367. N77-24636 Future oil supply to the northeast United states [BHL-50557] 15 p0369 N77-24729 Energy analysis handbook. CAC document 214 . CCOO-286'5-1.1 . 15 p0372 N77-25635 Choosing an.electrical energy future for'the Pacific northwest: An alternative scenario fPB-264048/0] ' 15 p0375 N77-25674 Energy requirements for air pollution control in ' the primary aluminum industry fPB-264 1483/91 , 15 p0375 N77-25684 Techniques for the analysis of total energy and labor.of industrial plants . '[PB-26I422V33 ' 15 p0385 N77-26697 Identifying and' analyzing methods for reducing the energy consumption of helicopters ' rilASA-CH-144953A] . 15 p0388 N77-27104 Composite flyvheel development . CY-2072]. ' ' . • 15 p0388 H77-27194 Energy management in residential and small . . commercial buildings ' ' fBNL-50576] - 1 5 p0392 N77-27511 Energy and OS agriculture. 1974 data base, volume 1. Part A: OS'series of energy tables. Part B: State series of energy tables • , [PB-264449/0] . 15 p0395 N77-27562 EHEBGY COBVEBSIOB - Aspects of energy conversion; Proceedings of the Summer.School, Lincoln College, Oxford, England, July 14-25, 1975 . 13 p0004 A77-11026 Dntchess County, NY moves towards pyrolysis of solid wastes with fuel recovery 13 p0010 A77-11298 Intersociety Energy Conversion Engineering . Conference, 11th, 'State line; Nev., September 12-17, 1976, Proceedings. Volumes 182 ' 13 p0020 A77-12662 Transient performance characteristics of a high • temperature distributed solar collector'field ' : ;-. 13 p0037 A77-12810 Fuel cells electrochemical energy conversion . . 13 p0055 A77-15804 The palirrhotrophic origin of energy metabolism chemiosmotic. precursor to phototropism in estuarine cellular organisms 13 p0064 A77-17895 Utilization of .Hestern coal for (IHD energy conversion 14 p0140.A77-21230 ECAS HHD system studies .Energy Conversion Alternatives Study ' . , 14 p0142 A77-21268 Description of a new pbotoelectrochemical generator 14 p0150 A77-21812 Photovoltaic test and demonstration project residential energy program 14 p0153 A77-21838 Large scale Hind Energy Conversion System /HECS/ design and installation as affected by site wind energy characteristics, grouping arrangement and social acceptance ..' . 14 p0165 A77-23360 Balancing power supply from wind energy converting "systems- . - 14 p0166 A77-23361 Thermionic energy conversion technology - Present and future ' t A I A A P A P E B 77-500] . . 14 p0173 A77-23918 Status of ttte N A S A Space Power Program [AIAA PAPER 77-505] 14 p0173 A77-23922 Generalized analysis of thermoelectric device configurations 14 p0177 A77-24572 The long teem stability of magnetic liguids for energy conversion devices 14 p0177 A77-24573 Low cost dynamic energy conversion systems 14 p0196 A77-28171 Hydrodynamic basis of wave-energy converters of channel form 15 p0267 A77-32211 Oxidation-erosion of materials in high velocity hot gases 15 p0270 A77-32604 Titanium alloy hydrides - Their properties and applications 15 p0280 A77-33385 Improvements in fluid machines and systems for energy conversion. Volume 4 Book 15 p0309 A77-36815 Research needs report: Energy conversion research Book 15 p0313 A77-37646 Underground fuel gasification [UCHL-TBANS-10998] 13 p0088 N77-10659 Direct solar energy conversion for large scale terrestrial use using CdS/Cu2S solar cell [PB-252539/2] 13 p0089 N77-10674 Research on electrochemical energy conversion systems CAD-A023689] . 13 p0090 N77-10681 Hathematical simulation and empirical determination of the aerochemical and thermal atmospheric pollution resulting from energy . conversion processes CDLB-IB-553-75/1] 13 p0091 N77-10700 Hethanol from coal fuel and other applications [OBAO-126] 13 p0094 N77-11200 Problems and solutions in the use of coal-analyses [FE-0390-1] 13 p0097 N77-11535 Hechanical taermal motor [HASA-CA3J3-MFS-23062-1 ] 13 p0104 H77-12402 Naritime and construction aspects of Ocean Thermal Energy'Conversion (OTEC) ' plant ships CPB-255639/7] 13 p0109 N77-12552 Inventory of energy research and development (1973 - 1975) , volume 1 [GPO-64-734-VOL-1] 13 p0113 N77-13525 Inventory of energy research and development (1973 - 1975), volume 4 TGPO-64-734-VOL-4] 13 p0113 K77-13528 A fermentation process for converting plant materials into methane 13 p0121 N77^14583 IEA energy simulation model: A framework for long-range US energy analysis (ORAO-125J 13 p0122 H77-14594 Solid state applications of direct energy conversion and heat pumping for a small automotive vehicle [AD-A026321] 13 p0124 H77-14607 Energy and Physics: General Conference of the European Physical Society [AD-A026962] 13 p0131 N77-15511 Surface research for development of new electrocatalysts for acid electrolyte fuel cells TAD-A026053] 13 p0131 N77-15517 Analysis of the technical and cost feasibility of solar and/or wind energy systems for Coast Guard public quarters [AD-A028332] 14 p0209 N77-16460 Feasibility of heating domestic hot water for apartments with solar energy [AD-A028418] 14 p0209 N77-16461 Application study of wind power technology to the city of Hart, Michigan [COO-2603-1] 14 p0212 N77-17582 Status of tae ERDA/Sandia 17-metre Darrieus turbine design [SAND-76-5683] 14 p0217 N77-18576 Economic evaluation of mixture and pure fluid cycles in ocean thermal energy conversion systems [ORO-4918-8] 14 p0217 N77-18578 Ocean thermal energy conversion opportunities [BNHL-SA-5808] 14 p0217 H77-18581 Electrofluid dynamics energy conversion research [AD-A029066J 14 p0218 N77-18593 A-67 EBBB6T COHVEBSIOH BFFICIBHCY SUBJECT IHDEX Hydrogen energy conversion for thermodynamic efficiency and cost effectiveness CAD-A030370] 1<4 p0218 N77-18601 Status report: Lavrence Livermore Laboratory vind energy studies roclb-17157-1] Id p0221 H77-19588 Belationship of energy growth to economic growth under alternative energy policies rBNL-50500] 14 p0223 N77-19620 Research and development of rapid hydrogenation for coal conversion to synthetic motor fuels (riser cracking of coal) fFE-23()7-2] 14 p0224 N77-19637 Feasibility of meeting the energy needs of army bases with self-generated fuels' derived from solar energy plantations fAp-i031163] 1" P0226 N77-19662 Feasibility of meeting the energy needs of A r m y bases with self-generated fuels derived f rom solar energy plantations. Appendixes A, B, and C f A D - A 0 3 1 1 6 « ] 14 p0226 H77-19663 The 1985 technical coefficients for inputs to energy technologies rBHL-50532] 14 p0231 N77-20583 Hicrobial hydrogen production 14 p0239 N77-21601 Reciprocating pump for conversion of liquid hydrogen to high pressure gaseous hydrogen 14 p0245 H77-21647 Hydrogen energy: Its potential promises and problems 14 p0246 N77-21648 Preliminary research on ocean energy industrial complexes, phase 1 [OEp-4915-3] 14 p0248 H77-21669 Covered energy farms for solar energy conversion fLBL-48441 14 p0248 H77-21671 Energy recovery f rom solid waste: A review of current technology rPB-260633/3] 14 p0253 1177-22016 Comparison of different wind energy conversion systems. Part 1: The N C A H system compared with the Olrich HOTTER system rHFP-THASS-204-PT-l] 15 P0346 N77-22637 The 10th International Power Sources Symposium TAD-A033323] 15 p0347 N77-22656 f.n optimization study of a low thermal potential power system [AD-A031709] . 15 p0348 N77-22666 Solid waste as an energy source for the northeast rBNl-50559] 15 p0352 N77-23012 The 120-keV beam direct conversion system for TFTB injectors [OCBL-521371 15 p0355 N77-23610 The use of geothermal energy at military • installations TAD-A0342411 15 p0366 N77-24626 International Symposium on Wind Energy Systems [AD-A0348711 15 p0366 N77-24627 Research on electrochemical energy conversion systems f A D - A 0 3 4 4 5 4 ] 15 p0367 H77-24632 Economy-wide impacts of interfuel substitution: Substitution of electricity for imported oil fBNL-505381 15 p0369 N77-24998 Projects to expand fuel sources in eastern states: Survey of planned or proposed coal mines, coal and noncoal conversion plants, electric generating plants, oil refineries, u r a n i u m enrichment facilities, and related infrastructure, in states east of the Mississippi River (as of June 1976) fPB-262361/9] 15 p0374 H77-25669 Coal conversion: Description of technologies and necessary bicuedical and environmental research eORNL-51921 15 P0392 N77-27520 ENEBGT COHVEBSIOH EFFICIEHCI Superf lywheel energy storage and nonsynchronous , AC/DC/AC electric transmission supplements power system operation 13 p0002 A77-10638 On black sclar cells or the tetrahedral texturing of a silicon surface 13 p0004 A77-11000 Solar energy conversion technology assessment 13 p0006 A77-11037 Total energy systems electric power generation with beat recovery 13 p0006 A77-11042 Environmental aspects of energy conversion and use 13 p0006 A77-11044 A multilayer iron-thionlne photogalvanic cell 13 p0007 A77-11108 CdS-Cu2S solar cells fabricated on Cd2SnO4-silica substrates 13 p0007 A77-11110 Evaluation of coal liguefaction efficiency based on various ranks 13 p0009 A77-11244 E R D A ' s gas turbine development program for the next decade 13 p0011 A77-11324 The mysteries of nuclear programs energy conversion efficiency 13 p0011 A77-11337 Electricity and heat production - Energy efficiency versus cost efficiency 13 p0011 A77-11338 Reducing grain-boundary effects in polycrystalline silicon solar cells 13 p0014 A77-11761 Some features of the operation of a solar installation acting as a low-temperature source of- heat for a heat pump 13 p0015 A77-11924 Hear-uv photon efficiency in a Ti02 electrode - Application to hydrogen production from solar energy 13 p0015 A77-11947 Synthetic fuels - Prices, prospects, and prior art 13 p0017 A77-12236 A method of testing for rating solar collectors •based on thermal performance 13 p0019 A77-12408 Photoassisted electrolysis of water - Conversion of optical to chemical energy 13 p0021 A77-12666 Energy conversion via photoelectrolysis 13 p0021 A77-12667 Solar energy collection by bioconversiori 13 p0021 A77-12672 , A conceptual design study of closed Brayton cycle gas turbines for fusion power generation 13 p0022 A77-12676 Electric vehicle performance with alternate batteries 13 p0025 A77-12707 Electrochemical power and hydrogen generation f rom high temperature electrolytic cells 13 p0025 A77-12709 Production of aethane using offshore wind energy ' • 13 p0026 A77-12722 Energy conservation with advanced power generating systems , 13 p0026 A77-12723 The "economic generation of electricity from moderate temperature geothermal resources . . 13 p0030 A77-12749 Comparison of geothermal power conversion cycles 13 p0030 A77-12750 Power production from high temperature geothermal waters , 13 p0030 A77-12751 The potential of the heat pipe in coal gasification processes 13 p0031 A77-12763 Thermionic topping for central station power plants 13 p0034 A77-12787 Thermionic topping of a steam power plant 13 p0034 .177-12789 Comparative performance of solar thermal power generation concepts 13 p0036 A77-12803 Collector fiela optimization for a solar thermal electric power plant 13 p0038 A77-12811 A fixed -collector employing reversible vee-trough concentrator and a vacuum tube receiver for high temperature solar energy systems 13 p0038 A77-12813 Transport theory of 3M high-performance thermoelectric materials 13 p0042 A77-12848 The integral formulat ion of the thermoelectric figure-of-merit - Effects of lattice thermal conduction 13 pOOU2 A77-12850 A-68 SUBJECT IHDEX ESEE6I COHTEBSIOH EFFICIEBCY COSTD The low cost high performance generator. ACHPG/ space Badioisotope Theraoelectric Generators 13 p0042 A77-12855 Advanced thermionic converter development 13 p0043 &77-12862 A new generation scheme for large wind energy conversion sjstems 13 p0043 A77-12868 Rind driven field nodulated generator systems 13 p0044 A77-12869 An advanced energy conservation technology program; Proceedings of the Intersociety Workshop Conference, Airlie House, Va., Harch 211-26, 1976 1.3 p0045 477-12928 Stage efficiency in the analysis of thermochenical vater decomposition processes 13 p0047 477-13538 New modes cf operation for avalanche diodes - Frequency multiplication and npconvefsion . 13 pOO«9 477-14261 Thermodynanic analysis and selection of optimal parameters of a dynamic converter for a solar energy set-up utilizing Stirling engine 13 p0051 477-14580 Effect of optical properties of a surface exposed to solar radiation on .the radiation balance 13 p0052 477-14928 Optimization of the geometry of switching buses for thernoelements in thermoelectric generators 13 p0052 477-14951 Energy: Conversion and utilization Book •\3 p0052 477-14957 Shock tube for investigations of high-temperature BED generators 13 p0054.477-15665 Investigation of two-phase liguid-metal magnetohydrodynanic power systems 13 p0057 477-16212 Combined cycles and refined coal —- gasification plant using high temperature gas turbines 13 p0058 477-16249 Effect of heat transfer from lateral surfaces of semiconductor thermoelements on the power output of thermoelectric converters ' 13 pOOSB 477-16324 Geothermal energy as a source of electric power: Thermodynamic and economic design criteria Book 13 p0060 477-16623 Theoretical maximum for 'energy 'from direct and diffuse sunlight 13 p0064 477-17845 Radiation effects on high efficiency silicon solar cells ' 13 p0064'477-18072 Optimal material selection for flat-plate solar energy collectors utilizing commercially available materials 13 p0068 477-18444 Axial conduction in a flat-plate solar collector 13 p0068 477-18447 Ose of Lexan and Kapton honeycombs to increase solar collector efficiency 13 p0068 477-18448 Arrays of fixed flat-plate solar energy collectors - Performance comparisons for differing individual component orientations • 13 p0068 477-18449 The lensed high-voltage vertical mltijunction solar cell 13 p0069 477-18489 New analysis of a high-voltage vertical mnltijunction solar cell 13 p0069 477-18490 Progress in development and application of . selective surfaces for solar collectors 13 p0072 477-19052 Temperature optimization for power production of infinite heat transfer solar absorbers 13 p0073 477-19055 Procedure for characterizing flat plate solar collectors 13 pOQ73 477-19056 Termosole flat plate collectors 13 p0073 477-19058 Solar water heater using hardened black polythene pipe absorbers 13 p0073 477-19060 Periodically adjustable concentrators adapted to solar cell panels 13 p0074 477-19068 An analysis of silicon solar cell parameters for terrestrial applications * 13 p0076 477-19081 Cuprous oxide Schottky photovoltaic cells as potential solar energy converters 13 p0076 477r19088 Photovoltaic systems using sunlight concentration 13 p0076 477-19089 Heeting elactric power needs with photovoltaic power systems 13 p0076 477-19091 Investigation of a Ti02/electrolyte solar cell and the photocatalytic water decomposition 13 p0077 A77-19094 Energy considerations in BHE power systems Beliohydroelectric and Helioelectrolytic systems 13 p0077 477-19099 Efficiency tests on a linear parabolic concentrator for medium and high temperatures 13 p0077 A77-19103 Selection of optimal pan color for solar water heater 13 p0078 477-19104 Factors affecting the use of solar energy for cooling 13 p0078 477-19108 Application of solar heat to buildings in Austria 13 p0079 477-19114 Hew frontiers in solar and other energy options . 13 p0079 477-19118 Pulsed energy conversion with a flc superconducting magnet 13 p0081 477-19293 Ceramic thin film CdTe solar cell 14 p0135 477-19635 Electron beam research at Sandia Laboratories, DS4 for inertial confinement fusion 14 p0138 477-20706 Energy balance for anaerobic digestion 14 ,p0138 477-20999 . Hesponse of a partially illuminated solar cell 14 p0139 477-21025 4 microwave energy converter with a reversing • magnetic field 14 p0139 477-21154 Effect of solar-radiation density and angular size of radiation source on efficiency of solar power plants 1(1 p0143 477-21312 Tower-type solar energy plant - Configuration and energy efficiency of concentrator 14 p0143 477-21314 The economic collection and efficient utilization of solar energy 14 p0147 477-21778 Recent progress in low cost CdS-Cu2S solar cells 14 p0147 477-21781 Silicon solar cell development 14 p0148 477-21784 Assessment of high-efficiency solar cells performance 14 p0148 477-21785 Sigh-efficiency thin silicon solar cells 14 p0148. 477-21786 A novel cover slide for solar cells 14 p0148 477-21789 A solar collector of glass 14 p0148 477-21792 4 geometrical spectral selective window for conversion of solar energy into heat 14 p01i!8 477-21793 Effect of the geometric arrangement of a collector array on technico-economic performance of a fixed-power utilization system 14 p0149 477-21795 Theoretical prospects of the cdS-Cu2S solar cell 14 p0149 477-21797 Photovoltaic properties of thin-film Cn2S-CdS heterojunctions 14 p0149 477-21801 Optimal parameters for solar cell films 14 pOISO 477-21805 Focusing collectors of solar radiation 14 p0150 477-21808 »-69 EHEEGY COHVEBSIOH EFFICIENCY COHTD SUBJECT INDEX Efficiency of photovoltaic cells employing Schottky diodes 1U p0151 A77-21815 Improvement of the efficiency of B-S solar cells by interfacial modifications 11 p0151 A77-21818 Calculation of the efficiency of a heterojunction solar cell 11 p0151 A77-21821 Utilization of solar radiation in large solar power plants with hydraulic storage 11 p0152 1177-21827 A study on solar tover power system 11 p0152 A77-21832 Thermal energy of oceans 11 p0153 A77-21833 Status report on the German experimental study for terrestrial solar electric generators II p0153 A77-21836 Thermoelectric conversion of solar energy by means of refractory B11Si compounds III p0151 A77-218i(8 Experiences vith a 100 watt solar cell array in the Netherlands in the period December 1971-December 1975 11 p0151 477-21850 Does solar energy demand more land surface, and more materials or energy investment than nuclear energy or fossil fuels - A preliminary study 11 p0155 A77-21857 Optimum wind-energy conversion systems 11 p0155 A77-21936 Small gas turbines and the Total Energy concept 11 p0156 A77-22021 Theory of oetal-insulator-semiconductor solar cells 11 p0156 A77-22038 Analysis of silicon solar cells with stripe geometry junctions 11 P0156 A77-22079 High efficiency n-CdS/p-InP solar cells prepared by the close-spaced technique 11 p0156 A77-22081 Principal stages in the development of thermoelectric power in the USSR 11 p0156 A77-22123 Simulation of wind turbine generator system power flow dynamics 11 p0158 A77-22650 Tunnel BIS solar cells 11 p0163 A77-22979 A possible saturation criterion for wind energy extraction 11 p0165 A77-23359 Improved theory of the silicon p-n junction solar cell 11 P0166 A77-23361 A practical solar concentrator 11 p0171 A77-23657 Competitively priced hydrogen via high-efficiency nuclear electrolysis 11 p0171 A77-23720 Hardened solar photovoltaics f A I A A P A P E B 77-181] 11 p0172 A77-23901 Advanced vertical-junction silicon solar cells T A I A A PAPEE 77-186] 11 p0172 A77-23906 Gallium arsenide concentrator system F A I A A PAPEB 77-187] 11 p0172 A77-23907 Advanced high efficiency wraparound contact solar cell T A I A A PAPEB 77-521] 11 p0171 A77-23931 Fuels via bioccnversion 11 p0176 A77-21569 Review - Silicon solar cells for terrestrial applications 11 p0178 A77-25085 Net energy delivery from geothernal resources 11 p0178 A77-25137 Experimental facility for measuring spatial and energy characteristics of solar concentrators 11 p0179 A77-25356 Design considerations for high-intensity solar cells 11 p0179 A77-25591 Cost optinal deployment of mirrors associated with a high temperature solar energy system It p0181 477-25901 The advantages of sun tracking for planar silicon solar cells 11 p0181 A77-25901 Solar-opti:al analyses of a mass-produced plastic circular Fresnel lens 11 p0181 A77-25906 Seduction of qrain boundary recombination in polycrystalline silicon solar cells 11 p0181 A77-25999 Opt imal overall efficiency for a solar radiation collector utilizing a two fluid Rank ine Cycle to generate electrical power 11 p0182 A77-26056 A comparative s tudy of the effectiveness of baseboard convectors versus forced air solar heating at tue University of Florida Solar House 11 p0182 A77-26058 Windmil l optimization 11 p0183 A77-26086 A method for increasing the efficiency of the electric generating process ' 11 P0183 A77-26087 :bal gasifier projects gather momen tum. 11 p0181 A77-26290 Status of silicon solar cell technology 11 p0181 A77-26392 Double.-exposurs collectors with mirrors for. solar-heating systems [ASSE PAPBB 76-WA/HT-161 11 p0186 A77-26176 Performance of flat-plate collectors wi th planar reflectors f A S N E PAPiSfi 7 6 - W A / H T - 2 7 ] 11 p0186 A77-26178 Heat pipes in f lat plate solar collectors [ A S N E PAPEH 76-WA/SOL-12 ] 11 p0189 A77-26517 Solar heatiaq and cooling and energy conservation potentials for commercial buildings f A S M E PAPiSrf 76-SA/SOL-17] 11 p0189 A77-26522 Optimal mass flow rates through flat plate solar collector panels [ A S M E PAP£fl 76-HA/SOL-19] 11 p0190 A77-26521 Indoor test methods to determine the effect of vacuum on the performance of a tubular flat • plate collector for solar energy conversion [ A S N E PAPES 76-HA/SOL-21 ] 11 p0190 A77-26S2~9 Besearch and development of cryoalternators for large-electrical power systems 11 p0190 A77-26536 P D L S A B - A flu* compression stage for coal-fired power plants 11 p0190 A77-26511 Hydrocarbon fue l conditioner for a 1.5 kw fuel' cell power plant 11 p0195 A77-28168 Solar collectors - Technology and principles of operation 11 p0197 A77-28676 The physical principles of photoelectric conversion , 11 p0202 A77-29568 The consideration of climatic data in the prediction of solar-system performance for • energy conversion 11 p0202 A77-29569 Eiergy considerations related to the acquisition, supply, and utilization of solar energy 11 p0203 A77-29572 Energy-direct-conversion in solar technology 11 p0203 A77-29571 Optical and thermal characteristics of a solar collector with a stationary spherical reflector and a tracking absorber 11 p0201 A77-29591 Experimental investigation of energy conversion efficiency during the interaction of a conducting-fluid piston with a magnetic field 11 p0201 A77-29618 Thermal efficiency of geothermal power 11 p0205 477-29788 Design application of the Hottel-Whillier-Bliss equation for flat-plate solar collector heat testing 15 p0255 A77-30309 Dimensioning of the solar heating system in the Zero Energy House in Denmark 15 p0256 477-30319 An isothermal etchback-regrowth method for high-efficiency Ga/1-x/Al/x/As-GaAs solar cells 15 p0257 A77-30372 Energy investment in nuclear and solar power plants 15 p0257 477-30599 Fundamental electronic mechanisms limiting the performance of solar cells 15 p0257 A77-30710 4-70 SUBJECT IBDBZ EHEBGY COHVBBSIOF EFPICIBBCI COSTD Performance limitations of silicon solar cells 15 p0257 177-30711 Optimization of silicon solar cell design for use under concentrated sunlight 15 p0257 177-30714 Electronic properties of amorphous silicon in solar cell operation 15 p0257 A77-30717 Efficiency calculations for ll/x/Ga/1-x/ls-GaAs heteroface solar cells 15 p0257 A77-30720 Desiqn analysis of the thin-film CdS-Cu2S solar cell 15 p0258 177-30721 Collection efficiency of heterojunction solar cells 15 p0258 177-30722 Efficiency calculations for thin-film polycrystalline semiconductor Schottky barrier solar cells 15 p0258 A77-30723 Performance of "n/+/-p silicon solar cells in concentrated sunlight 15 p0258 177-30729 Silicon solar cells on unidlrectionally recrystallized metallurgical silicon 15 p0258 177-30731 Fabrication and characterization of thin-film silicon solar cells on alumina ceramic 15 p0258 477-30732 Amorphous silicon solar cells 15 p0259 177-30733 Indium-tin-oxide-silicon heterojunction photovoltaic devices 15 p0259 A77-30735 Large-area high-efficiency /AlGa/As-Gals solar cells 15 p0259 A77-30738 InP-cdS solar cells 15 p0259 477-30740 Photovoltaic energy conversion Kith n-CdS-p-CdTe heterojunctions and other II-VI junctions 15 p0259 477-30741 Solar-thernal energy systems 15 p0262 477-31172 The French CUBS 1000 kH solar furnace - Description, performance characteristics, present utilization, ana perspectives 15 p0262 477-31173 Thermal accumulators latent heat storage system design 15 p0264 A77-31673 Spectral response and efficiency relations in semiconductor liquid junction solar cells 15 p0261 477-31823 Theory of the Schcttky barrier solar cell 15 p0266 477-32116 High level concentration of sunlight on silicon solar cells 15 p0267 477-32208 Petrochemical basic products from coal - Production of basic and intermediate products for the chemical industry according to the Fischer-Tropsch process 15 p0267 A77-32247 Investigation of a coaxial explosion-type MHD generator 15 p0268 477-32313 Energy from bio-conversion for developing'countries 15 p0270 477-32592 The manufacture of hydrogen from coal 15 p0275 477-33337 The K-T process - Koppers commercially proven coal and multi-fuel gasifier for synthetic gas production in the chemical and fertilizer industries 15 p0275 477-33338 Effective conversion processes betveen thermal and chemical energies - Thermodynamic study of maltistep water decomposition processes 15 p0275 A77-33344 Laboratory investigations on thermochemical hydrogen production 15 p0276 177-33348 Eecent developments of large electrolytic hydrogen generators .15 p0277 A77-33358 Water electrolysis under pressure - Improvement of energy efficiency by temperature increase 15 p0277 477-33360 Performance characteristics of a high-pressure, moderate temperature, electrolysis system for hydrogen-based energy storage 15 p0277 477-33361 Feasibility of hydrogen production by direct water splitting at high temperature 15 p0279 177-33372 Statistical investigation of the operational efficiency of solar and evaporative cooling devices in Turkmenian conditions 15 p0286 477-33435 Studies on the energy system of Hokkaido. I - First attempt: Model-I. II - various data and their basis. Ill - Simulations by Hodel-I 15 p0287 477-33526 Factors which maximize the efficiency of Cr-p-Si Schottky /SIS/ solar cells 15 p0288 A77-34103 Influence al the spatial inhomogeneity of the field and amplifying medium on the energy characteristics of a gas laser 15 p0289 477-34221 Thermodynamic analysis and choice of optimal parameters of dynamic converter for solar energy plant utilizing Stirling engine 15 p0291 477-34974 Solar energy, its conversion and utilization 15 p0294 177-35316 4 simple model for solar energy economics in the D.K 15 p0298 477-36245 Efficiency and cost advantages of an advanced-technology nuclear electrolytic hydrogen-energy production facility 15 p0302 A77-36344 Electrochemical energy conversion. I - Electric vehicle propulsion 15 p0303 A77-36410 Solar collection systems - The rationale 15 p0304 A77-36426 100 MWe solar power plant.design configuration and performance C A A S 75-288] 15 p0305 477-36556 4ctive solar-heating systems for houses 15 p0306 477-3672* Gasification and generation of electricity coal utilization 15 p0308 477-36812 What price wind power wind turbine efficiencies 15 p0310 477-37248 Limiting values of the energy generated by pulsed HHD-converters 15 p0316 477-37929 Conceptual design of a parabolic dish solar collector using simulation technignes 15 p0318 477-38211 Solar conversion efficiency of pressure sintered cadmium seleuide liquid junction cells 15 p0320 477-38367 OPTIHO - A netnod for process evaluation applied to the thermochemical decomposition of water 15 p0320 177-38526 Thermolysis or electrolysis - Why we choose the latter water splitting for hydrogen production 15 p0321 A77-38528 The rate of mass transfer in a solar regenerator 15 p0323 A77-39109 Flywheel energy storage. II - Magnetically suspended superflywheel 15 p0323 177-39315 Heat mirrored solar energy receivers C A I A A PAPEB 77-7281 15 p0324 A77-39506 The disk geometry applied to open cycle MHD power generation - Experiments and theoretical considerations < 15 p0325 177-39531 Part-load performance and voltage-current characteristics of a base load MHD generator 15 p0332 177-39573 Coal fired non-eguilibrium closed cycle HHD power plant system since EC1S Energy Conversion llternatives Study 15 p0332 177-39576 Meteorological effects on solar cells 15 p0338 477-40149 Evaluation of flat-plate collector efficiency under controlled conditions in a solar simulator [HASi-m-i-735201 13 p0097 N77-11530 4-71 ESEEGT DISSIPATIOS SOBJECT IHDEI Solid Polymer Electrolyte (SPE) fael cell technology, progran reviev, phase 2 ! rHASA-CH-150957] 13 p0097 H77-11532 Haritime and ccnstraction aspects of Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC) plant ships ' rPB-255e39/73 13 p0109 N77-12552 Standardized performance tests of collectors of solar thermal energy - A flat-plate copper collector with parallel mylar striping CNASA-TH-I-73553] 13 p0114 N77-13535 .Experimental study of the theoretical and technological possibilities to nanufacture solar cells using GaAlAs-layers on GaAs-structnres [BaFT-PE-H-76-10] 14 P0212 H77-17584 Becovery of inaccessible ccal reserves by in situ gasification . £CONF-760906-5] 14 p0224 N77-19636 Practical reasons for investigating ion transport in high temperature insulating materials for energy conversion efficiency rcOHF-760831-2] 11 P0227 N77-19935 Rater electrolysis under pressure: Improvement of energy efficiency by temperature increase 14 p0238 N77-21594 A thermodynanic analysis of HICSOS, a hydrogen conversion and storage system 14 p0242 N77-21622 Design technigues for modular integrated utility •systems energy production and conversion efficiency fNASA-TH-X-58189] 14 p0253 N77-22005 Sensitivity of solar-cell performance to atmospheric variables. 1: Single cell rHASA-CP-20101 15 p0378 H77-26623 Sensitivity of solar-cell performance to atmospheric variables. 2: Dissimilar cells at several' locations f H A S A - C P - 2 0 1 0 ] 15 P0379 N77-26624 Energy Conversion Alternatives Stndy (ECAS) , Phase 2. Volume 1: Summary and combined gas-stream turbine plant with an integrated low-Bin gasifier rNASA-CB-134942-VOL-1l 15 p0379 N77-26628 Energy Conversion Alternatives Study (ECAS) , Phase 2. Volume 2: Summary and combined gas-steam turbine plant using coal derived liquid fuel rSASA-CB-134942-VOL-2] 15 p0379 N77-26629 , Energy Conversion Alternatives Study ( E C A S ) , Phase 2. Volume 3: Summary and advanced steam plant with pressurized fluidized bed boilers fIIASA-CE-134942-VOL-3] 15 p0379 H77-26630 Energy Conversion Alternatives Study (ECAS) , phase 2. Volume 1: Executive summary [NASA-CB-134949-VOL-1] 15 p0379 N77-26631 -Energy Conservation Alternatives Study (ECAS) , phase 2: Volume 2: Advanced energy conversion systems, - conceptual designs. Part 1: Analytical approach rNASA-CE-134949-VOL-2-PT-n 15 p0379 N77-26632 , Energy Conversion Alternatives Study (ECAS), phase 2. Volume 2: Advanced energy conversion . systems - conceptual designs., Part 2: Closed turbine cycles TNASA-CB-134949-V01-2-PT-2] 15 p0379 N77-26633 Energy Conversion Alternatives Study (ECAS) , phase 2. Volume 2: Advanced energy conversion systems - conceptual designs. Part 3: Open cycle gas turbines and open cycle HHD fHASA-CB-134949-VOL-2-PT-3] 15 p0379 N77-26634 Energy conversion Alternatives Study (ICAS) , phase 2. Volume 2: Advanced energy conversion systems: Conceptual designs. Part.4: Summary of results fNASA-CB-134949-VOL-2-PT-4] 15 p0380 N77-26635 Energy Conversion Alternatives Study (ECAS) , phase 2. Volume 3: Research and development plans and implementation assessment rBASA-CB-130261 477-31595 Potential energy: An analysis of world energy technology Book 15 p0261 A77-31825 Industry can save energy without' stunting its growth 15 p0267 A77-32209 Role of the nuclear energy system in the total fuel-energy picture in the USSR 15 p0267 477-32220 Energy in competition coal and nuclear energy 15 p0271 477-32799 Haste economy and recycling: Problems and practice German hook 15 p0273 A77-33303 Hydrogen production plants using electrolytic cells with low cost electrodes built into pressure tanks 15 p0278 477-33365 Technology impact assessment of the hydrogen economy concept - Key findings 15 p0281 477-33411 Hydrogen in the energy system of the Netherlands 15 p0285 477-33120 The politics of urban transportation innovation 15 p0287 A77-33600 Energy analysis and the coupling of man and estuaries 15 p0290 477-31119 Statistical utility theory for comparison of nuclear versus fossil power plant alternatives 15 p0291 A77-35015 Institutional and environmental aspects of geothermal energy development 15 p0291 A77-35016 The EPA role in energy research and development 15 p0291 477-35118 The outlook for more efficient fuel utilization in generation or process heat 15 p0291 477-35400 Energy and the economy - An interrelated perspective 15 p0298 477-36243 Energy management resources, supply, conversion and utilization 15 p0304 477-36124 Energy conservation and a healthy economy 15 p0305 477-36612 The year 2000 - Energy enough 15 p0306 477-36725 Coal gasification update 15 p0306 477-36763 Toward estaolishing a national energy policy 15 p0307 A77-36767 Residential energy use alternatives to the year 2000 15 p0307 A77-36768 Energy prospects in the Netherlands 15 p0307 477-36801 Energy technology assessment - Considerations of. geographical scale 15 p0309 477-36822 North Slope oil and United states energy supply 15 p0309 477-36823 The Bisconsin Regional Energy project - An applied systems analysis approach to regional energy/environment modeling 15 p0309 477-36825 EPA' s program in environmental research in wastes-as-f ue1 15 P0315 477-37668 Energy B&D modeling for budgetary decisions 15 p0319 477-38218 The Energy Supply Planning Model - 4 working tool for regional analysis of alternative national energy policies 15 p0319 477-38221 Energy conservation in the investment policies of French firms, I - Formulation of the problem 15 p0324 477-39504 Comparative energy policies of France; England, and Germany. II - Electricity and nuclear energy 15 p0321 .477-39505 High-efficiency solar concentrator 13 p0083 H77-10101 The potential and economics of enhanced oil recovery [PB-254991/3J 13 p0086 N77-10633 Transportation energy conservation data book [ORNL-5193] 13 p0086 N77-10643 Utilization of geothermal energy [OTI4S-HElfIE«-40] 13 p0087 N77-10641 Creating energy choices for the future. • Public meeting on A National Plan for Energy Research, Development, and Demonstration CCOHF-751228-P2] 13 p0087 N77-10616 Creating energy choices for the future [CONF-751228-P1] 13 p0087 N77-10617 Prospects for hydrogen production by water electrolysis to be competitive with conventional methods [BNL-20877] 13 p0087 N77-10618 Advanced coal gasification system for electric • power generation pollution monitoring CFE-1511-176J 13 p0088 S77-10653 Baste heat vs conventional systems for greenhouse environmental control: An economic assessment [OHNL-ia-5069] 13 p0088 H77-10656 Energy fact book 1975. Parts 1-5: Appendixes i-H tAD-4023010] 13 p0089 N77-10661 Energy: The policy planning framework in state governments. Volume 1: Summary report [PB-254466/6J 13 p0089 B77-10665 Energy: The-policy planning framework in state governments. Volume 2: Appendices [PB-254167/1] 13 p0089 N77-10666 1-73 ENEBGY POLICY COBID SUBJECT IROEX Summary of EPA energy policy analysis tPB-253361/0] 13 p0089 H77-10669 Gasoline and distillate shortage situation: 1972-1976 fPB-253322/2] 13 'p0089 N77-10670 Analysis of state solar energy options rPB-254730/5] . 13 p0091 H77-10688 Baseline energy forecasts and analysis of alternative strategies for airline fuel conservation ; fPB-255351/9] 13 p0091 N77-10690 Mandatory Canadian erode oil allocation regulations fPB-255319/6] 13 p0096 N77-11509 Identification and analysis of mid-Atlantic onshore OCS impact [PB-254925/1] 13 p0096 N77-11516 Balti-year tine frame optimization of power systems with fossil, nuclear, hydro, pumped storage and peaking units 13 p0096. N77-11525 National program for solar heating and cooling (residential and commercial applications) f E B D A - 2 3 A ] 13 p0098 N77-11540 Nathematics for energy tPB-252463/5] 13 p0098 H77-11S13 Energy information activities at the FEA fPB-253962/5] 13 p0099 N77-115S3 Societal implications of energy scarcity. Social and technological priorities in steady state and constricting systems [PB-253097/0] 13 p0099 N77-11556 Proceedings of the lorkshop on Modeling the Interrelationships between the Energy Sector and the General Economy fPB-255696/7] . 13 p0100 N77-11561 Electric energy supply alternatives for New York. Phase 2: An appraisal of electrical energy alternatives available to the State of New York • [PB-249881/4] 13 p0101 H77-11575 Research to anticipate environmental impacts of changing resource usage j f [PB-256293/2] 13 P0101 N77-11602 Future scenarios for urban transportation rPB-255349/3] 13 p0102 N77-11930 Crude supply alternatives for the Northern Tier •states. Volume 1: Executive summary fPB-255992/0] 13 p0107 N77-12531 Crude supply alternatives for the Northern Tier states. Volume 2: Technical report [PB-255993/8] 13 p0107 N77-12S32 Impacts of synthetic liquid fuel development. Automotive market. Volume 1:. Summary [PB-255994/6] 13 p0107 N77-12533 Impacts of synthetic liquid fuel development. Automotive market. Volune 2 CPB-2559S5/3] 13 p0108 N77-12534 Implementing coal utilization provisions of Energy Supply and Environmental Coordination Act fPB-255855/9] 13 p0109 N77-12549 Inventory of energy research and development (1973 - 1975). volume 1 fGPO-64-734-VOL-1] 13 p0113 N77-13525 Inventory of energy research and development (1973 - 1975), volume 2 [GPO-64-734-VOL-2] 13 p0113 N77-13526 Inventory of energy research and development (1973 - 1975), volume 3 [GPO-6U-734-VOI-3] 13 p0113 N77-13527 Inventory of energy research and development (1973 - 1975), volume 4 CGPO-64-734-VOL-4] 13 p0113 N77-13528 Definition study for photovoltaic residential prototype system [NASA-CB-135056] 13 p0113 H77-13533 Final assessment of the environmental impacts of . the State Energy conservation Program (Public law 94-163, Title III. part C, The Energy Policy and Conservation Act) , [PB-256014/9] 13 p0116 N77-13555 Some cost, energy, environmental, and resource implications of synthetic fuels produced from ' coal for military aircraft [AD-A026667] 13 p0118 N77-14271 Inventory of energy research and development (1973 - 1975), volume 5 CGPO-64-730] 13 P0121 N77-14579 Industrial process heat from shallow solar ponds [OCBL-77801] 13 p0124 S77-14611 Participating surveillance services for electric , power program. Coal conversion and utilization: Direct combustion of coal-90e, advanced power-90f. S u m m a r y for E R D A annual ' report , CY 1975 [FE-1236-4] 13 p0130 N77-15507 Rapid growth f rom energy pro-jects: Ideas for state and local action. A program guide [PB-257374/9) 13 p0132 N77-15527 Nuclear unit productivity analysis [PB-257553/8] 13 p0132 N77-15528 Beport to Congress on the economic impact of energy actions [PB-256684/2] 14 p0208 N77-16450 aacro-econonic impact and other considerations in selecting energy conservation measures [PB-257678/3) 14 p0208 N77-16454 Aircraft fuel efficiency program CS-BEPT-94-6331 14 p0209 N77-17032 Solar .cell collector and method for producing same indium alloy coatings fNASA-CASiS-ljig-12552-1] 14 p0211 N77-17564 Potential for energy conservation technology transfer. " •'. fCONF-760i36-1 ] 14.p0211 N77-17573 Conceptual study for total utilization of an intermediate temperature geothermal.-resource [ANCB-1260] 14 p0211 N77-17579 S u m m a r y report of three powerplant productivity studies- fPB-2577611/11 14 >p0212 N77-17598 A survey or state legislation relating to solar energy fPB-258235/11 . 14. p0213 N77-17600 Fusion energy option rBNHL-SA-5802] • ' . 14 p02'l3 N77-17891 Energy storage and transfer with homopolar .machine for a linear theta-pinch hybrid reactor fLA-61741 . 14 p0214 N77-17892 In-situ lasar retorting of oil shale - [NASA-CA32-I.ISB-12217-1 1 14 p0214 N77-18429 Investigation of the feasibility of using vindpower for space heating in colder climates. The final design and manufactur ing- phase of the project [EHDA/NSF-00603/75/T11 14 p021S'N77-18561 Balanced program plan. Volume 4: Coal conversion [OBNL-512J-VOL-4] 14 p0216 N77-18566 Coal technology program COBNL-5159] 14 p0216 N77-18568 Central receiver solar thermal power system, phase 1 fSAN/1110-76/T1] 10 p0216 N77-18570 Solar pilot plant, phase 1 CSAN/1109-76/T1 ] 14 p0216 N77-18571 Utilization of solar energy rERDA-TB-14!H 14 p0216 N77-18572 Economic study of solar total energy fSAND-76-5291 ] . 14 p0216 N77-18574 Development scenario for laser fusion roCBI-76980] 14 p0216 N77-18575 Ocean thermal energy -conversion opportunities [BNH1-SA-5808] 14 p0217 N77-18581 Proposed energy conservation contingency plan: Emergency aeating, cooling and hot water restrictions. Economic impact analysis. Environmental impact assessment rPB-258624/6] 14 p0217 N77-18584 Energy fact book 1976, chapters 1 through 21 CAD-A028234] 14 p0218 N77-18592 Proceedings of the 3rd Annual Energy Conservation Hanagement Conference [PB-258652/7J 14 p0218 N77-18594 Beport to Congress on the economic impact of energy actions [PB-257697/3J 14 p0218 N77-18596 Geothermal energy program, current research projects supported by the national science foundation [PB-2S8948/9J 14 p0218 N77-18597 Evaluation of wind-energy sites from aeolian geomorphologic features mapped from LANDSAT imagery. First results [EBDA/NSF-00598/75/T1] 14 p0218 N77-18667 Snpply and demand of fuel sources for automobiles [OCBL-78066J 14 p0219 N77-19275 Fuel- and energy production by bioconversion of waste materials: State-of-the-art [PB-258499/3] 14 p0219 N77-19279 SUBJECT IHDBI ESEBGT POLICY COHTD Cryogenic instrumentation needs in the controlled thermonuclear research proqran (CONF-761007-11 14 p0219 B77-19406 Research, development and pilot production of high output thin silicon solar cells mASA-CB-1498585 1U p0219 N77-19573 Hydrogen Energy: A bibliography with abstracts. Fourth quarter 1976 rNASA-CB-119'864;i 11 p0220 H77-19577 Hydrogen Energy: A bibliography with abstracts. Third guarter 1976 rNASi-CS-1198631 11 P0220 N77-19578 A non-tracking solar energy collector system CNASA-CASE-NEO-13813-1] 14 p0220 N77-19579 Coefficient'of performance for solar-powered space cooling systems FCONF-760618-11 11 P0220 S77-19585 National plan for energy research, development and demonstration: Creating energy choices for the future. Vclume 2: Program implementation fossil fuels, solar energy, and geothermal energy rERDA-76-1-VOI-2] 11 p0222 H77-19600 Regional energy system for the planning and optimization of national scenarios (EESPONS). Clean coal energy: Source-to-use economics project rEBDA-76-109] 11 p0222 H77-19602 Operational, cost,-.and technical study of large windpover systems integrated with existing - electric utility fCONF-760906-8] 11 p0222 N77-19609 Plan for developing moderate temperature/low salinity geothermal resources [AHCB-1318] ; 1t p0223 N77-19611 Relationship of energy growth to economic growth under alternative energy policies C B N L - S O S O O ] • • 11 P0223 N77-19620 Changing energy perspectives roCBL-78153] .. 11 p0223 N77-19626 Energy resources alternatives competition [COO-2698-1] ' 11 p0224 N77-19635 Recovery of inaccessible coal reserves by in situ gasification [CONF-760906-5] 11 p0224 N77-19636 Evaluation and targeting of geothermal energy resources in tfce southeastern Dnited States rVPI-SD-5103-1] 14 P0225 N77-19642 Net energy analysis: An energy balance study of , fossi l^fuel resources . rPB-259158/4] 14 p0225 N77-19657 Net; energy analysis: An energy balance study of , fossil fuel resources. Summary report rPB-259159/2] 14 p0225 N77-19658 Preliminary report on simulation of a heliostat - field rEBDA-TB-158] 14 p0226 N77-19782 Silicon ribbon growth by a capillary action shaping technique , r.NASA-CB-149815] 14 p0227 N77-19898 Silicon ribbon growth by a capillary action shaping technique rNASA-CB-149814] 11 p0227 H77-19899 Study of the feasibility of a regional solid waste derived fuel system in the Tennessee Valley Authority service area fPB-259764/9] . 11 p0227 N77-19956 Mount for continuously orienting a collector dish in a system adapted tc perform both diurnal and seasonal solar tracking [NASA-CASE-MFS-23267-1] 14 p0228 N77-20401 Solar energy collection system rnASA-CASE-HEO-13579-2] 14 p0229 N77-20565 Low cost solar energy collection system [NASA-CASE-NFO-13579-3] 14 p0229 N77-20566 Engineering-economic model of residential energy use COBHL-TH-5470] 11 p0231 H77-20580 Technical and economic aspects of potential DS district heating systems fBNL-21287] 14 p0232 N77-20591 Enhanced energy utilization from a controlled thermonuclear fusion reactor CPB-260653/1] 14 p0234 N77-20879 Dynamics systems analysis of the relation between energy and the economy f B N L - 2 1 6 6 7 ] 14 p0235 H77r20931 Projected natural gas curtailments and potential needs for additional alternate fuels, 1976-1977 heating season fPB-260535/0] 14 p0235 H77-21257 A 100-kR metal wind turbine blade basic data, loads and stress analysis tHASA-CB-134956] 14 p0236 N77-21467 A 100-kW wind turbine blade dynamics analysis, weight-balance, and structural test results [HASA-CB-134957 ] 14 p0236 H77-21468 The thermal efficiency and cost of producing hydrogen and other synthetic aircraft fuels from coal 14 p0243 N77-21627 Some early perspectives on ground requirements of 'liquid hydrogen air transports 14 p0243 B77-21628 Hew potentials for conventional aircraft when • powered by hydrogen-enriched gasoline 14 p0243 N77-21629 Fuel subsystem characteristics for LH2 aircraft 14 p0243 H77-21630 Hater induction in hydrogen-powered 1C engines 14 p0243 N77-21631 Development of a liquid hydrogen car 14 p0244 H77-21632 Dynamic tests of hydrogen-powered 1C engines ' . ' for mass transit vehicles 1* p02l»1 H77-21633 Uodiflcation techniques and performance characteristics of hydrogen-powered 1C engines: State of the art, 1975 14 p0244 H77-21634 Automotive aydride tank design 14 p0244 F77-21637 A hydrogen-powered mass transit system 14 p0244 N77-21638 Beciprocating p u m p for conversion of liquid hydrogen to high pressure gaseous hydrogen 14 p0245 N77-21647 Hydrogen energy: Its potential promises and -problems . 14 p0246 B77-21648 Analysis of a Delphi study on hydrogen 14 p0246 B77-21649 E B D A ' s hydrogen programs 14 p0246 N77-21650 The NASA hydrogen energy systems technology study: A summary ••• . 14 p0246 H77-21651 Perspectives on the evolution into a hydrogen economy _• . 14 p0246 N77-21652 Technology impact assessment of the hydrogen economy concept: Key findings 14 p0246 N77-21653 Hill the large-scale production of hydrogen be part of tae anergy problem or part of its • solution? 14 p0246 H77-21654 The Greenland hydropower as a source of • '"' electrolytic hydrogen 14 p0246 H77-21655 Hydrogen in the,seaward advancement of - industrial .societies : • • . . • • • 1 4 p0246 N77-21656 Energy and tne fu ture : 14 p0246 H77-21657 Hydrogen use projections and supply options 14 p0247 F77-21658 Economics of nuclear - electrolytic hydrogen 14 p0247 H77-21659 A simplified equilibrium model of the OS energy-economic system and its use in comparing alternatives 14 p0247 N77-21662 Proceedings of Second Geopressured Geothermal Energy Conference. Volume 2: Resource Assessment rcOBF-760222-P2] 14 p0249 N77-21677 Geothermal energy resource utilization program planning CHTB-7137] 14 p0249 1177-21683 Vertical-axis wind turbine technology workshop [SAHD-76-5585] 14 p0250 N77-21688 A western regional energy development study: "Economics. Volume 1: SBI energy model results CPB-260835/4] 14 p0251 H77-21706 Energy for rural development: Renewable resources 'and alternative technologies for developing countries [PB-260606/9J 14 p0251 N77-21716 A-75 EBBBGT POL1CJ COHTD SOBJECT IHDEI Proceedings of First Semiannual EPEI Solar Program Beview Heeling and Workshop. Volume 2: Solar electric power fPB-2605S5/4] 11 P0252 H77-21722 State policies for geothermal development. Uncovering a major resource fPB-261744/7] 14 p0252 N77-21728 Preliminary study of the importance of , hydrothermal reactions on the temperatnre history of a hot, dry rock geotheraal reservoir [PB-262391/6] 14 p0252 H77-21.731 Energy recovery from solid vaste: A revietf of current technology fPB-260633/3] 14 p0253 H77-22016 Strategic petroleum reserve plan (Public Law 94-163, section 154) fPB-261737/1] 15 p0342 H77-22591 Solar energy in buildings: . Implications for California energy policy CNASA-CB-152686] 15 p0343 H77-22613 Energy and technology review ruCBL-52000-76-8] . 15 p0345 1177-22627 Influence of selected Federal statutes on energy development , rBN»L-2C84(BAP-5) ] 15 p0346 N77-22638' Recommendations for a OS geotbermal research plan. Volume 2: Executive summary fPB-261568/0] 15 P0346 N77-22642 Recommendations for a geothermal utilization plan. Volume 3 (PB-261569/8] 15 p0346 H77-22643 Energy use patterns in metallurgical and oonmetallic mineral processing (Volume 1, Phase 6: Energy data and flow sheets, low-priority commodities) fPB-261 150/7] 15 p0346 1177-22644 Energy use patterns in metallurgical and nonmettalic mineral processing (Volume 1, Phase 9: Areas where alternative technologies should be developed to lower energy use in production of high-priority commodities), supplement fPB-261153/1] 15 p0346 N77-22645 Report of the Presidential task force on reform of Federal Energy Administration regulations, ~ ' v o l u m e 1 rPB-262181/1] 15 p0347 N77-22649 .Report of the Presidential task force on reform of Federal Energy Administration regulations, . ~ volume 2. Table of contents. Appendixes fPB-262182/9] 15 p0347 N77-22650 California's energy future T A D - A 0 3 2 2 2 1 ] 15 p0348 N77-22667 Perspective on energy policy fPB-261736/3] 15 p0348 N77.-22674 Strategic petroleum reserve. Final environmental impact statement, volume 1 TPB-261799/1] 15 p0349 B77-22675 Strategic petrcleum reserve. Final environmental impact statement, volume 2 [PB-261800/7] 15 p0349 N77-22676 Energy input-output modelling: Problems and prospects TPB-261925/2] 15 p0349 N77-22679 Sources of energy data for Illinois i fPB-262562/2] 15 P0350 H77-22686 Applications of aerospace technology to petroleum exploration. Volume 1: Efforts and results rN!.SA-CB-152694] 15 p0351 H77-22741 Applications of aerospace technology to petroleum exploration. Volume 2: Appendices [NASA-CB-152693] 15 p0351 S77-22742 nathematical models for use in planning regional water resources and energy systems FPB-261364/4J 15 p0352 N77-23022 Cost/benefit tradeoffs for reducing the energy consumption cf the commercial air transportation system. Vclume 1: Technical analysis FNASA-CB-137923] 15 p0353 N77-23072 Cost/benefit t radeoffs for reducing the energy consumption cf the commercial air transportation system. Volume 2: Market and economic analyses fNASA-CB-137924] 15 p0353 1177-23073 Geothermal technoecosystens and water cycles in arid lands [PB-263091/1] 15 p0354 N77-23592 Two investigations of flat-plate solar collector • performance 15 p0355 N77-23598 Development of an {AlGaAs-Ga As) graded band gap solar cell rNASA-CH-145161] 15 p0355 N77-23603 Site energy handbook. Volume 1: Hethodology for energy survey and appraisal tEBDA-76-131/1] 15 p0355 H77-23607 Development and applications of spatial data resources in energy related assessment and planning [CONF-761017-1] 15 p0355 H77-23609 Energy management guide for light industry and commerce. EPIC energy management series [PB-263121/6] 15 p0356 1177-23616 State projections of industrial fuel needs [PB-263338/6] . 15 p0356 H77-23620 The future of natural gas: Economic myths, regulatory realities (PB-263625/6J 15 p0356 1177-23621 JPL basic research review research and advanced development [HASA-CB-152689] 15 p0357 H77-23894 Beport to congress by the Federal Aviation Administration on the energy efficiency of agency regulations CAD-A034o11] . . 15 p0359 H77-24103 Assessment application for direct coal combustion [PB-263651/2] 15 p0359 H77-24318 Incremental pricing of supplemental gas CPB-263689/2] 15 p0360 H77-24319 The gas supplies of interstate natural gas pipeline companies, 1975 [PB-263593/5] 15 p0360 B77-24320 Truck fleet experience with fuel economy improvement measures [PB-263022/6] 15 p0361 S77-24514 Strategic petroleum reserve. Bryan Hound salt dome [PB-262839/4) 15 p0362 N77-24579 Strategic petroleum reserve, west backberry salt dome CPB-262503/5] 15 p0362 N77-24580 Baseline performance of solar collectors for NASA Langley solar building test facility tNASA-Ta-i-3505] 15 p0363 H77-24587 Energy self-sufficiency prospects for the British Columbia forest products industry . (VP-X-166] 15 p0363 H77-24591 Process energy reliability requirements for selected industries (OBNL-TM-5428] 15 p0364 N77-24594 Fu tu re natural gas supply to the Northeast . [BNl-50558] . 15 p0364 N77-24595 Planner's energy workbook: A users' manual for land use and energy utilization [BNL-21546] 15 p0364 K77-24596 Alternative patterns of industrial energy consumption j.n the Northeast [BHL-50555J 15 p0364 1177-24597 Annual cycle energy system: Initial investigations [OB»L-T»-5525 ) • 15 p0364 1177-24599 Second guarterly report to OS House and Senate Committees on Appropriations [PB-263413/6] 15 p0365 1177-24616 Energy models and large-scale systems optimization [AD-A033736] 15 p0365 N77-24619 Barriers to the use of wind energy machines: The present legal/regulatory regime and a preliminary assessment of some legal/political/societal problems [PB-263576/1] 15 p0366 1177-24620 Solar energy government buildings program policy and implementation plan [PB-262841/0] 15 p0366 1177-24622 Report of tae national Research Council Committee on Nuclear and Alternative Energy Systems [PB-263595/1] 15 p0367 N77-24633 Role of the heat storage well fu ture U.S. energy systems [PB-2634di)/6) - 15 p0367 N77-24634 Our energy future: The role of research, development, and demonstration in reaching a national consensus on energy supply [PB-263761/9J 15 p0367 H77-24635 Future oil supply to the northeast United States CBNL-50557] 15 p0369 N77-24729 Study to assess the application of shadow pricing technigues to national energy resource planning CBNL-50537J 15 p0369 S77-24997 A-76 SUBJECT INDEX EHEBGY BBQOIBEBBNTS Economy-vide impacts of interfuel substitution: Substitution of electricity for imported oil rBNL-50538] 15 p0369 N77-24998 Effects of alternative oil stockpiling programs on the OS economy, 1976-1979 rBNL-50541] 15 p0369 N77-24999 Energy'recovery from municipal solid vaste, an environmental and safety mini-overview survey [ATB-76n518)-7] 15 p0369 N77-25011 Transportation programming, economic analysis, and evaluation of energy constraints fPB-262878/2] 15 p0370 H77-25018 Program definition for the development of geothermal energy. Volume 1: Background and program definition summary rNASA-CB-153221] 15 p0371 N77-25612 Program definition for the development of geothemal energy. Volume 2: Program definition development rationale and subprogram descriptions CNASA-CB-1532221 15 p0371 N77-25613 Program definition for the development of geothernal energy. Volume 3: Appendixes TNASA-CB-153223] 15 p0371 N77-25614 P'rogram document for Energy Systems Optimization Program 2 (ESOP2). Volume 1: Engineering manual rNASA-CB-151422] 15 p0372 N77-25631 Energy research: Alternative strategies for development of new energy technologies and their implications for the Federal budget [PAPEB-10] 15 P0372 H77-25632 Energy and resource planning group roCEL-50029-761 15 p0372 H77-25634 Energy analysis handbook. CAC document 214 fCOO-2865-1] 15 p0372 N77-25635 Perspectives in energy: 1976 rCES-17] 15 p0372 H77-25636 Magma energy research project,'volume 2, no. 2 rsAND-76-026t-V01-2-HO-2] 15 p0372 H77-2563B Proceedings of the Solar Industrial Process Heat Workshop rcOHF-760655] 15 p0373 N77-25643 United States special format report: Beport of the Phoenix Corporation, city of Colorado Springs Solar Heating Project . rSE-4578-76/11 15 p0373 N77-25647 Trends in power plant capacity and utilization. Inventory of pover plants in the United States' rPB-264451/6] 15 p0373 N77-25655 Project Independence Evaluation System (PIES) documentation. Volume 1: The integrating model of the Project Independence Evaluation System rPB-263020/01 15 p0374 M77-25661 Electric utility coal consumption and generation trends, 1976-1985 fPB-262483/1] 15 P0374 H77-25667 .Federal energy information gathering activities: A report to the President of the United States, . and the Energy Besources Council [PB-262844/4] 15 p0374 1177-25668 Projects to expand fuel sources in eastern states: Survey of planned or proposed coal mines, coal and noncoal conversion plants, electric generating plants, oil refineries, uranium enrichment facilities, and related infrastructure, in states east of the Mississippi Biver (as of June 1976) rPB-262361/9] 15 p0374 H77-25669 Laboratory evaluation of solar power units for marine aids to navigation fAD-A034987] 15 p0375 N77-25672 A summary of the DABPA energy and materials shortages programs, fiscal years 1972-1976 fAD-A036021] 15 p0375 H77-25677 An analysis of the feasibility of windmills for power generation in New York State [BPI-TA-17] 15 p0380 H77-26638 Silicon solar cell development for concentrated-sunlight, high-temperature applications [SAND-76-5311] 15 p0380 N77-26647 Energy situation in Hev England CBHI-505801 15 p0381 H77-26650 Hill a rapidly expanding power-generating system be part of the energy problem or part of its solution [OCB1-78500] 15 p0381 N77-26651 Temperature dependence of the photovoltaic performance of Si cells under blue, white, and near-bandgap irradiation fUCBL-76203] 15 p0381 B77-26652 Hydration-iehyiration cycling of HgO-«g (OB) 2 for . application to solar heat storage systems [AI-EBDA-13178] 15 p0381 N77-2665U Experimental test of gas heat transfer system for hydroxide neat storage fAI-EBDA-13176] 15 p0381 H77-26655 Besults from circumsolar radiation measurements [LBL-5292) 15 p0382 H77-26657 New energy conservation ideas for existing and new buildings rcoHF-750942-2] 15 p0382 N77-26660 Evaluation of the potential environmental effects of wind energy system development [EBDA/NSF-07378/75/1] 15 p0382 N77-26663 Analysis of thermal performance of Solaris ' water-trickle solar collector [CONF-761 107-17] 15 p0382 H77-26668 Evaluation of Solaris water-trickle solar collector and demonstration of annual cycle collection and storage of solar heated water [CONF-761143-1] 15 p0382 N77-26669 Besearch and development of low cost processes for integrated solar arrays [COO-2721-76-1 ] 15 p0383 N77-26670 Study of corrosion and its control in aluminum solar collectors [COO-2934-76-1] 15 p0383 N77-26673 General Electric Company survey to define impact of statewide building codes on solar BVAC systems, commercial buildings. National Solar Demonstration Program [COO-2683-76-111 15 p0383 N77-26674 Bioconversion of agricultural wastes for pollution control and energy conservation 'riID-27164] 15 p0383 N77-26675 Comparative performance of solar heating with air liguid systems [COO-2868-1J 15 p0383 N77-26676 The potential of lignocellulosic materials for the production of chemicals, fuels, and energy [PB-264453/1] 15 p0385 N77-26698 Energy and physics [EBDA-TB-225] 15 p0386 N77-26916 Identifying and analyzing methods for reducing the energy consumption of helicopters ' rNASA-CB-144953A] 15 p0388 H77-2710"! Study of Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center utility ' systems [HASA-TH-58196] 15 p0388 N77-27161 Energy sources for tomorrow i [EBDA-TB-226] 15 p0391 N77-27507 Energy management in residential and small commercial buildings [BHL-50576 J 15 p0392 N77-27511 Coal conversion: Description of technologies and necessary biomedical and environmental research .COBNL-5192] 15 p0392 N77-27520 Coal conversion program. Energy Supply and - Environmental Coordination Act (as amended). Section 2 (PB-265815/1) 15 p0393 N77-27542 Mid-term and long term energy trends [PB-264740/2J 15 p0395 N77-27559 HHD combustor design study coal-fired systems CTID-27144J 15 p0396 N77-27923 Technical review and analysis of the total utility . demonstration plant design and operational concept [AD-A037016] . 15 p0398 N77-28040 ENERGY BBQUIBEaBMS Energy use in industry 13 pOOOS A77-11029 Energy and the coal industry 13 pOOOS A77-11030 Energy and the oil industry 13 pOOOS A77-11031 Energy and the gas industry 13 pOOOS A77-11032 Energy and the developing conntries 13 p0006 A77-11043 Methods of energy analysis 13 p0007 A77-11016 Energy analysis in modelling 13 p0007 A77-11047 »-77 ENERGY SOOBCES SUBJECT IHDEX The overcoming of energy deficiencies with the aid of wind power 13 pOOOB A77-11174 The wind and its effect on the heating requirements 13 p0009 A77-11266 Energy in the household - Comparison of heating costs and prognosis concerning the consumption of energy until 1985 13 pOOIS 477-12059 A methodical approach concerning energy supply problems 13 p0016 A77-12062 The long-range prospects for solar energy 13 p0017 A77-12237 load leveling with electric vehicles in the urban environment 13 p0024 A77-12701 Hodeling residential energy use 13 P0027 A77-12726 The pressure divider - A device for reducing gas-pipe-line pumping-energy requirements 13 p0028 A77-12735 Economic and engineering implications of the Project Independence 1985 geotheroal energy output goal and the associated sensitivity analysis 13 p0029 A77-12745 Benefits of hydrogen production research 13 p0032 A77-12768 Power source requirements of electric propulsion systems used for north-south stationkeeping of communication satellites 13 p0040 A77-12833 Energy and environment post-2000 13 pOOSO A77-14560 Perspectives for world energy production 13 p0056 A77-16202 Electric power supply in the case of airports. I 13 p0061 A77-16742 The future importance of solar energy for the supply of the German Federal Republic with energy 13 p0070 A77-18597 Hydel and solar power for Pakistan hydroelectric power 13 p0079 A77-19121 Demand electric rates - A new problem and challenge for solar beating 14 p0137 A77-20388 Worldwide energy development - Delayed opportunities 14 p0147 A77-21762 Effect of the characteristics of electrical supply networks on the design of solar power plants 14 p0155 A77-21858 The computer simulation of automobile use patterns for defining battery regnirements for electric cars 1« p0159 A77-22879 Tbe energy situation in Canada 14 p0165 A77-23307 Pumped-storage electric power generating plants 14 p0166 A77-23373 Can new resources fill the energy gap 14 p0166 A77-23380 The dilemma of future electric power demand 14 p0167 A77-23391 The potential for fuel conservation • 14 p0178 A77-24960 Our energy future: The role of research, development, and demonstration in reaching a national consensus on energy supply Book 14 p0179 A77-25224 Net energy analyses for liquid-dominated and vapor-dcminated hydrothermal energy-resource developments 14 p0194 A77-27351 Parametric studies of applications of controlled thermonuclear reactor fusion energy for food production 14 p0194 A77-27356 Current problems in energy development and energy sciences 14 p0194 A77-27882 The application of linear programming methods to the problem of choosing reguired reserves of energy for controlled plants 14 p0196 A77-28255 Place and role of various energy resources in energetics of the future 15 p0261 A77-31468 Enerqy-turn-rate characteristics and turn performance of an aircraft 15 p0265 A77-31855 Bole of the nuclear energy system in the total fuel-energy picture in the DSSR 15 p0267 A77-32220 A simplified equilibrium model of the U.S. energy-economic system and its use in comparing alternatives 15 p0285 A77-33421 Contribution to the solution of planning problems in electric power generation /effects of random disturbances/ — 15 p0294 A77-35399 Hear-term caemically-propelled space transport systems to space colonies 15 p0295 A77-35810 Energy prospects in the Netherlands 15 p0307 A77-36801 Overview or energy supply and demand 15 p0313 A77-37653 International energy demand model - Twenty OECD country models 15 p0318 A77-38215 A derived demand model of energy demand in the transportation sector 15 p0319 A77-38217 A Dnited States energy model economically driven by a glooal growth simulation 15 p0319 A77-38220 Economic and energy considerations in RHD seed regeneration for sulfur oxides removal in coal-firei power plants 15 p0332 A77-39574 The significance of nuclear energy for satisfying future energy requirements 15 p0333 A77-39649 Types of city development, energy supply, and possibilities for optimization 15 p0338 A77-40349 The contribution of nuclear technology toward the solution of energy problems [INIS-HF-1S67] 13 p0100 N77-11565 California energy outlook [OCBL-5196-BE7-1 ] 13 p0106 N77-12525 Review of energy forecasting methodologies and assumptions [PB-255170/3] 13 p0107 N77-12526 Net energy from nuclear power [PB-254059/9) 13 p0107 N77-12527 Hydrodynamic equilibrium conditions for A G ( E H ) main strut-pod foil system using flap incidence control - [AD-A027521] 13 p0127 N77-15220 Economic analysis of the need for advanced power sources [HEDL-SA-989] 13 p0131 N77-15509 Neutral beam energy and power requirements for the next generation of tokamaks tEHDA-76-77] 14 p0213 H77-17883 .; Net energy analysis: An energy balance study of fossil fuel resources [PB-259158/4J 14 p0225 N77-19657 An energy management guidance scheme applicable to , the interim upper stage for orbital transfer maneuvers [AD-A034005] 15 p0353 N77-23143 Solar breeder: Energy payback time for silicon photovoltaic systems [NASA-CB-15306C] 15 p0362 H77-24581 Pace and grade related to the oxygen and energy requirements, and the mechanics of treadmill running 15 p0396 H77-27689 ENERGY SOURCES Prospects of generating power with laser-driven fusion 13 p0002 A77-10631 Energy from solid wastes Book 13 p0003 A77-10698 Environmental aspects of energy conversion and use 13 p0006 &77-11044 . The availability of fuels for power plants 13 p0010 A77-11316 Primary energy sources for hydrogen production 13 p0011 477-11335 Electricity and heat production - Energy efficiency versus cost efficiency 13 p0011 A77-11338 S-78 SOBOBCT IIDBI EHEEGT SOOBCBS COBIO The solution of the garbage problem: New proposals for the utilization of refuse - Proposals and suggestions materials recycling and energy production facilities 13 p0015 177-12061 Photosynthesis as a resource for energy and materials 13 p0017 A77-12233 The shaping of our needs in mineral ran materials and sources for meeting those needs Hungarian survey 13 p0017 A77-12246 The significance of coal in the future energy picture 13 p0018 477-12247 Diversification as an energy conservation strategy 13 p0027 A77-12725 Geothermal studies in northern Nevada 13 p0029 A77-12742 NASA theraionic-conversion program 13 p0013 A77-12863 Wind-power generation on a large scale - A design idea 13 pOOSO A77-14531 Energy: Conversion and utilization Book 13 p0052 A77-14957 Energy research for physicists 13 p0054 A77-15350 Perspectives for world energy production 13 p0056 A77-16202 Nova Scotia seeks to cut oil bill for power generation 13 p0063 A77-17S88 Geothemal energy-in Saudi Arabia and its use in connection with solar energy 13 p0079 &77-19122 The energy crisis today - A perspective lit p0137 A77-20390 Horldwide energy development - Delayed opportunities 11 p0147 A77-21762 Path of development and developmental status of the lignite high-temperature coking process in the DDE - An example of effective utilization of lignite as energy vehicle 11 p0163 A77-23096 Eaw materials for energy generation in Canada 11 p0165 477-23315 Can new resources fill the energy gap 11 p0166 A77-23380 Clean fuels from biomass 11 p0167 A77-23390 Shale oil, tar sands, and related fuel sources Book 11 p0169 477-23551 Shy solar energy advantages over fossil fuel and nuclear energy 11 p0170. A77-23654 Powersat - An astronautical energy solution 11 p0176 A77-21520 Prospects for fusion energy 11 p0178 A77-21928 Our energy future: The role of research, development, and demonstration in reaching a national consensus on energy supply Book 11 p0179 477-25224 Energy froo the wind 11 p0179 477-25575 An analysis of the role of energy in solid waste utilization and disposal 11 p0182 477-26070 Energy 1A: Tackling the crisis; Proceedings of the Second Greater los Angeles Area Energy Symposium. Los Angeles, Calif., Hay 19, 1976 11 p0182 477-26076 Het energy analyses for liguid-dominated and vapor-dcminated hydrothermal energy-resource developments 14 p0191 477-27351 Current problems in energy development and energy sciences 11 p0194 477-27882 Electricity and the energy 'gap' 11 p0195 477-27890 Power Sources Symposium, 27th, Atlantic City, H.J.. June 21-21, 1976, Proceedings 11 p0195 A77-28126 Dnconventicnal petroleum and natural gas resources. II - Additional gas resources 11 p0198 A77-28760 Prospects for pipeline delivery of hydrogen as a fuel and as a chemical feedstock 11 p0200 A77-29437 Energy-direct-conversion in solar technology 14 p0203 477-29574 Alternative energy sources Book 15 p0261 A7.7-3146" Place and role of various energy resources in energetics of the future 15 p0261 A77-31168 The case for alternative energy sources 15 p0262 A77-31469 Gas economy - Gas technology energy supply and utilization 15 p0263 A77-31576 Regenerative.energy sources energy conversion and utilization feasibility 15 p0263 A77-31577 •Potential energy: An analysis of world energy technology Book 15 p0264 A77-31825 Energy from the.oceans - Requirements and capabilities 15 p0272 477-33141 Hunicipal solid waste recovery - 4 public or private risk 15 p0273 477-33299 applied solar energy: 4n introduction /2nd edition/ Book 15 p0286 477-33445 Studies on the energy'system of Hokkaido. I - First attempt: Hodel-I. II - Various data and - their basis. Ill - Simulations by Hodel-I 15 p0287 477-33526 Economics of alternative energy sources " 15 p0288 A77-33755 Energy recovery from low heating value industrial waste 15 p0292 477-35160 District heating with refuse derived fuel at Bright-Patterson Air Force Base 15 p0293 477-35164 Utilizing alternative energy sources in France 15 p0296 A77-35923 Solar energy prospects grow for OS southwest 15 p0297 A77-36049 China claims lead in biogas energy supply 15 p0297 477-36050 Economics of crude oil and natural gas - Cost of adding production 15 p0300 A77-36327 Clean energy from Alaskan coals 15 p0301 477-36333 'Regional energy availability from conversion of solid waste 15 p0304 477-36433 Energy research overview - 41ternatives for energy development [A4S 75-280] 15 p0304 A77-36555 Energy prospects in the Netherlands 15 p0307 477-36801 Energy from humid air [AIA4 PAPES 77-730] 15 p0311 477-37253 The supply of the Federal Republic of Germany and Western Europe with energy, giving particular consideration to the oil and gas potential of the North Sea 15 p0331 477-39673 The long-run marginal costs of energy [PB-252501/6] 13 pOOSS N77-10625 Creating energy.choices for the future [CONF-751228-P1] 13 p0087 N77-10617 Crude oil supply alternatives for the northern Tier states rPB-255991/2] 13 p0107 N77-12530 Implementing coal utilization provisions of Energy Supply and Environmental Coordination Act [PB-255855/9] 13 p0109 N77-12519 Inventory of energy research and development {1973 - 1975), volume 1 [GPO-64-734-VOL-1] 13 p0113 N77-13525 Inventory of energy research and development (1973 - 1975) , volume 1 [GPO-64-734-KOL-4] 13 p0113 H77-13528 Energy resources alternatives competition [COO-2698-1 ] 14 p0224 N77-19635 Net energy analysis: An energy balance study of fossil fuel resources [PB-259158/4] 14 p0225 N77-19657 4-79 B8BBGT STOBAGB SDBJECT IHDBI Het energy analysis: An energy balance 'study of , fossil fuel resources. Summary report [PB-259159/2] 14 p0225 N77-19658 First World Hydrogen Energy Conference proceedings, volume 1 11 p0237-H77-21552 Rethods of cn-toard generation of hydrogen for vehicular use HI p0242 H77-21617 Energy for rnral development: Beneuable resources and alternative technologies for developing countries [PB-260606/9] 14 p0251 N77-21716 Field-reversed mirror as a D-T power reactor [OCBL-78082] 15 p0351 N77-22967 COIF conbastor design [TID-27143] 15 p0377 H77-26393 Energy and physics rBBDA-TB-225] 15 p0386 H77-26916 Overview of HIBPACK tCOHF-760842-19] ' 15 p0396 H77-27761 Fusion. The fntare energy scarce [AEOI-10] 15 p0397 H77-27951 EHBBGI STOBAGE . Superflyvheel energy storage and nonsynchronoos •; AC/DC/AC electric transmission supplements power system operation 13 p0002 177-10638 Energy storage quality, duration, methods and forms 13 p0006 A77-11040 Compressed air energy storage - A near term option for ntility application 13 p0027 A77-12727 Underground storage of off-peak power k 13 p0027 177-12728 Storage in oil of off-peak thermal energy from large power stations 13 p0027 477-12730 Thermal energy storage for solar power plants .- ' 13 p0027 A77-12731 Seasonal storage of thermal energy in-water in the underground reservoirs 13 p0028 A77-12731 VHP heat pipes for energy storage Vapor Bubble Pumping • ' - 13 p0032 A77-12767 Energy storage via calcium hydride production 13 p0032 A77-12774 Retal hydrides of improved heat transfer characteristics 13 p0033 A77-12775 Hetallurgical considerations in the production and use of FeTi alloys for hydrogen storage 13 p0033 A77-12777 Survey of hydrogen energy application projects 13 p0033 A77-12778 Performance and cost analysis of photovoltaic power systems for on-site residential applications 13 p0038 A77-12816 A new hydrogen storage electrode ' • 13 p0047 A77-13539 Hydrogen storage via iron-titanium for a 26 SV/e'/ peaking electric plant 13 p0048 A77-13543 in alternative fuel for cars hydrogen production and storage 13 pOOSO A77-14530 High-speed flywheels as possible energy storage devices in the future 13 p0056 A77-15856 Thermal energy storage for heating and air conditioning 13 p0057 A77-16206 The storage of energy in future energy supply systems , [DGLB PAPEB 76-182] 13 p0059 A77-16533 Energy storage in orbital and interplanetary missions [DGLE PAPEB 76-189] 13 p0059 A77-16551 Electric arc power collection for high-speed trains . . . 1 3 p0060 A77-16594 The influence of subsurface energy storage on seasonal temperature variations 13 p0067 A77-18351 Solar production of hydrogen as a means of storing solar energy ' 1 3 p0075 A77-19072 On the storage of solhydrogen -. . 13 p0075 A77-19073 Storage of solar energy in the fora of potential hydraulic energy •• 13 p0075 A77-19078 Electric load management and energy conservation 14 p0137 A77-20685 F iber.glass super flywheels 14 p0157 A77-22143 Energy storage in the form of latent heat 14 p0157 A77-22350 Operational chemical storage cycles for utilization of solar energy to produce heat or electric power 14 p0158 A77-22646 The nickel-zinc battery - A viable alternative for vehicle powering 14 p0160 A77T22894 Direct and indirect economics of wind energy systems relative.to fuel based systems 14-.p0165 A77-23358 Allocation of standby power units in terms of the output Dower, in planning the development.of. power systems • : . 14 p0167 A77-23406 Hybrid propulsion system for motor vehicles with predominantly intermittent mode of operation . . .14 p0171 A77-23900 Space battery technology for the 1980s [AIAA PAPSB 77-482] . .• . 14 p0172 A77-23902 Lithinm-aluminum/metal sulfide batteries [AIAA'PAPBB 77-483] 14 p0172 A77-23903 Advanced photovoltaic power systems [AIAA PAPiSB 77-506] 14 p0173 A77-23923 Performance analysis of a solar-electrical system with a load and storage batteries 14 p0177 A77-24570 Hydrogen technology for-energy - Book 14 p0180 A77-25824 A pressurized liguid concept for solar-thermal energy storage for the 24-hour continuous operation of an energy-conversion system C A S H E PAPBB 76-WA/HT-38] 14 p0187 A77-26484 On enthalpy management in small buildings energy storage and conservation in residential structures - • v - 14 p0194 A77-27354 Energy storage propulsion system for advanced , concept train braking energy recovery . . - • ' < 14 p0200 A77-29467 Solar energy can be self-supporting long-term! energy storage ' ' • - • • , - , 15 p0261 A77-31371 Energy storage review . • • . • . . < - • • . 1 0 . 15 p0264. A77^31579 Thermal energy storage in-building elements, water and rock beds • * • ' ' ' ; ~ •. • • 15 p0264 A77-31698 Performance characteristics of a high-pressure, moderate temperature, electrolysis system for hydrogen-based energy storage - . . - • - : 15 p0277 A77-33361 A farm energy system employing hydrogen storage i15 p0278 A77-33366 A wind energy system utilizing high pressure electrolysis as a storage mechanism 15 p0279 A77-33376 Technical and environmental aspects of underground hydrogen storage . " 15 p0279 A77-33379 Hydrogen storage on highway vehicles - Update ''76 15 p0280 A77-33380 Methods of on-ooard generation of hydrogen for vehicular use 15 p0280 A77-33383 Titanium alloy hydrides - Their properties and applications 15 p0280 A77-33385 A the'rmodyuamic analysis of HYCSOS, a hydrogen conversion and storage system 15 p0280 A77-33387 A simple approach to metal hydride alloy optioizatioo . 15 p0281 A77-33388 Selection of structural materials for hydrogen pipelines and storage vessels 15 p0281 A77-33390 Energy storage possibilities of atomic hydrogen 15 p0283 A77-33405 A-80 SUBJECT IHDEX ESEBGT STOBAGE COHTD On the storage of hydrogen by use of cryo-adsorbents 15 p0283 A77-33408 Applied solar energy: An introduction /2nd edition/ Book 15 p0286 A77-33445 Evaluating a combined wind power/energy storage system 15 p0287 A77-33596 The chenical conversion of sunlight 15 p0287 A77-33598 Sinple thermal decomposition reactions for storage of solar thermal energy 15 p0292 A77-35153 Solar energy-and energy storage French book 15 p0297 A77-36101I Energy storage, compression, and snitching Book 15 p0299 A77-36284 A mnlti-megajonle inertial-inductive energy storage system 15 p0299 A77-36292 Superconductivity, energy storage and switching 15 p0299 A77-36309 The design, 'fabrication and testing of a five megajoule monopolar motor-generation energy storage for controlled fusion experiments •• • 15 p0299 A77-36311 The magnetic energy storage systen used-in ZT-1 toroidal plasma pinch experiment 15 p0299 A77-36314 Progress in switching technology for H3TS systems Magnetic Energy Transfer and Storage 15 ^ ' 13 p0013 S77-11532 Energy recovery from saline water by means of electrochemical cells . , , ... 13 p0013 'A7,7-11536 Bicrowave transmission system for space power , 1 3 p0014 A77-11818 Design principles for >olar and wind power, installations ' f . , 13 pOOi5'A77-11922 Optimization criteria for,s,olar and wind power . systems ' " ' 13 p0015 A77-11923 Coming - Solar power plants c '" •• ' 13 -pO'016-A77-12125 nuclear pouer - .Compared to what .-—.energy alternatives for electric power generation ' ' ' ' 1 3 p'0017"A77-12234 Synthetic fuels - Prices,.prospects, and prior art . ' 13 p0017 A77-12236 The long-range prospects for solar energy 13"p0017 A77-12237 The long-raage prospects for solar-derived'fuels 13.p0017 A77-12240 Anomalous current-voltage characteristics observed during reactor tests of multielement thermionic assemblies •"' ' • • ' - . - • • > 1 3 p0018 :A77-12361 Developments in solar energy utilisation in the Dnited Kingdom ' • '• ' • 13 p0018 A77-12402 The solar water heater industry in South Florida - History and projections 13 p0018 A77-12403 A cylindrical blackbody solar energy receiver 13 p0018 A77-12404 Solar water pomp for lift irrigation 13 p0019 A77-12406 Intersociety Energy Conversion Engineering Conference, 11th, State Line, Hev., September 12-17, 1976, Proceedings. Volumes 1 8-2 13 p0020 A77-12662 The fuel efficiency potential of a flywheel hybrid vehicle'for urban driving : 13 p0020 A77-12664 The Osmotic power plant 13 p0021 A77-12668 An energy center in Sri Lanka OH rural energy development program 13 p0021 A77-12669 A-82 SUBJECT.I8DEI BBEBGY TECHHOLOGT CONTD Comparative econonics for the Arthur D. Little extractive coking process coal liquefaction 13 p0022 A77-12684 Solids gasification for gas turbine fuel 100 and 300 Btn gas 13 p0022 A77-12685 Recovery of inaccessible coal reserves by in situ gasification 13 p0022 A77-12686 low-Btu gasification of coal by Atonies International's molten salt process 13 p0023 A77-12687 Design of a 100 BPD pilot plant to convert methanol to gasoline using the Mobil process 13 p0023 A77-12691 Hydrocarbon fuels from oil shale 13 p0023.A77-12692 In situ combustion of Michigan oil shale - Current field studies •' 13 p0021 A77-12695 Retorting.of single oil shale blocks with nitrogen and air ; • • "• . . 13 p0021 A77-12696 Application, of a shunt motor and a 2 cylinder 'gasoline engine as a hybrid drive for an - automobile ' ' . . 13 p0025 A77-12703 Baseline test data for the EVA electric vehicle . low"energy consumption automobiles " • . 13 p0025 A77-12701I Review of electrode designs and fabrication techniques for lithium-aluminum/i'ron snlfide cells . 13 p0025 A77-12713 Development status of lithium-silicon-iron sulfide load-leveling batteries • • ' 13 p0026 A77-12714 Sodium/sulphur battery development 'in the United Kingdom. : '•'•• 13 p0026 A77-12717 Storage in oil of off-peak thermal energy from large power stations . ' 13 p0027 A77-12730 Thermal energy-storage considerations 'for' ' solar-thermal power generation ., " -"'.'. '" ' 13 P0027A77-12732 Space heating systems new and conventional in the. Northwest with emphasis on alternate energy ' adaptations ; 13 p0028 A77-12736 Design analyses of a methane-based chemical heat pipe 13 p0028 A77-12737 Thermocheuical energy storage systems ''.- ' . ' . .13. p0028 A77-12738 An evaluation of the use of metal hy'drides for solar thermal energy storage 13 p0028 A77-12739 Geothermai energy in Hawaii - Rydrothermal systems 13 p0029 A77-12741 Geothermai powered heat pumps to produce process heat . ; . 13 p0030 A77-12754 Direct applications of geothermal energy . 13 p0030 A77-12755 The utilization.and economics of low temperature geothermal water for space heating 13 p0030 A77-12756 Extracting energy from hydraulically-fractured geothermal reservoirs 13 p0030 A77-12757 The use of program GEOTHH to design and optimize geothernal.power cycles 13 p0031 A77-12758 The potential national benefits of geothermal electrical energy production from hydrothermal resources in the Rest 13 p0031 A77-12760 Prereguisites for military/civilian geopressured geothermal'resource development 13 p0031 A77-12761 An engineering feasibility study of using low temperature geothermal sources in Colorado 13 p0031 A77-12762 The potential of the heat pipe in coal gasification processes 13 p0031 A77-12763 Benefits of hydrogen production research . 13 p0032 A77-12768 The commercial production of hydrogen by the K-T process 13 p0032 A77-12769 Hydrogen separation and compression through hydride formation and dissociation by low-level • "heat" > 13 p0032 A77-12770 Energy transmission from ocean thermal energy conversion plants 13 p0032 A77-12773 HHD power generation - 1976 Status Report •' coal-fired design 13 p0033 A77-12782 • System studies of coal fired-closed cycle HHD for central station power plants < 13 p0034 A77-12786 Nuclear power for the production of synthetic ^' fuels and feedstocks 13 p0035 A77-12790 Nuclear driven water decomposition plant for • ' ' hydrogen production -• ' 13 p0035 A77-12791 Current status of the magnetic fusion program ' ' ' • 13 p0035 A77-12792 PACER - A practical fusion power concept 13 p0035 A77-12793 'The migma high energy advanced fuel direct conversion fusion power plant ' . , 13 p0035 A77-12794 " Hadiolytic aydrogen production from a laser fusion system. 13 p0035 A77-12795 Isotope heat source for dynamic power systems ' . - • ' ' • ' . - " . • • 1 3 p0036 A77-12796 >\Heat pipe nuclear reactor for space power 1 . 13 p0036 A77-12797 t Solar powered organic Rankine cycle engines - ' Characteristics and costs 13 p0036 A77-12798 \ A unique Rankiae-cycle heat pump system '••" 13 P0036 A77-12799 , Solar energy prospects for electric power generation'in Brazil - 13 p0037 A77-12805 The role of simulation in the development of L solar-theraai energy conversion systems ' : ' • '13 p0037 A77-12809 Collector field optimization for a solar thermal electric'power plant ' ., .. " 13 p0038 A77-12811 'Development of compound parabolic concentrators r ... for solar-thermal electric1 and process heat ' ! applications 13 p0038 A77-12812 ''A fixed collector employing reversible vee-:trough concentrator and a vacuum tube receiver for high temperature solar energy systems ,', ' 13 p0038 A77-12813 Alternative strategies for implementing siliconrribbon technology for photovoltaic applications . , , ' ' ' 1 3 p0039 A77-12819 Experimental evaluation of the University.of ' Florida solar powered ammonia/water absorption air conditioning system 13 p0039 A77-12823 'Transportation options for solar power satellites ". 13 pOOtO A77-12829 f E B D A ' s Bicentennial Thermionic Research and Technology Program 13 pOO«2 A77-12861 ' N A S A thermionic-conversion program . • . 13 p0043 A77-12863 '^Operational, cost, and technical study of large windpower systems integrated with existing , electric utility 13 p0043 A77-12867 i Vortex kinetic energy concentrator 13 p0044 A77-12870 , Numerical solution for the unsteady lifting characteristics of variable pitch crossrflow wind turbines , - . . 13 P0044 A77-12871 Design consideration for the Darrieus rotor : wind turbines • , 13 p0044 A77-12872 Operational experience with small wind units 13 pOOII A77-12873 1-83 EBEBGY TECHHOLOGY COHID SUBJECT IHDEX 4n experimental 200 kl vertical axis wind turbine for the Bagdalen Islands 13 p0044 477-12874 Underground gasification of coal: A National Coal Board reappraisal. 1976 Book 13 p0044 477-12926 In advanced energy conservation technology Program; Proceedings of the Intersociety Borkshop Conference, Airlie Bouse, Va., Harch 24-26, 1S76 13 pOOIS A77-12928 HHE - Energy transformation by burning coal 13 P0045 477-12940 The 0-240 cyclotron review of systems and Processes 13 p0046 A77-13151 Dependability of wind energy generators with short-term energy storage 13 p0046 477-13323 4 hydride compressor 13 p0046 477-13336 life-cycle costs and solar energy 13 p0047 477-13501 Optimizing solar cooling systems 13 p0047 477-13502 'Atlanta /Towns/ solar experiment - The lessons we learned 13 p0047 477-13503 .Feasibility of a satellite solar power station • /SSPS/ 13 p0047 477-13504 "Evaluating a solar energy concentrator 13 p0047 477-13505 'The shenandoah Community Center - 4 total solar design concept 13 p0047 477-13506 Stage efficiency in the analysis of thermochemical • water decomposition processes 13 p0047 477-13538 "indmills stage a comeback review 13 p0048 477-13624 •Experiment on USD generator with a large-scale Superconducting magnet /ETL Hark V/ 13 p0049 477-13728 'Some material considerations involved in the application of sclar energy to electric power: generation 13 p0049 477-13739 '-Energy and environment post-2000 13 pOOSO 477-14560 Energy consumption in various modes of transportaticn 13 pOOSO A77-14561 Characteristics of a system for transmitting concentrated solar radiation 13 p0051 477-14578 -Energetic calculation of the concentrating capacity of paraboloidal facets 13 P0051 477-14579 Calculation of the radiation entering a "hot box* type solar set-up 13 p0051 477-14581 Scientific-technological problems of the development cf a fuel-energy complex in the OSSR 13 p0051 A77-14703 • Satellite solar power stations and energy relay satellites 13 p0052 A77-14901 Energy: Conversion and utilization Book 13 p0052 477-14957 Can Canada harness the wind 13 p0053 477-15047 •Utilization of solar power - A new departure 13 p0053 477-15049 Energy research for physicists 13 p0054 477-15350 • The potential for application of energy storage capacity on electric utility systems in the United States. I 13 p0054 477-15625 Cost aspects of solar energy - Selective and critical bibliography 13 p0054 477-15799 Studies and thoughts on nuclear reactor systems 13 p0055 477-15800 Geothermal sources and their utilization 13 p0055 477-15803 Energy research in the OK 13 pOOSS 477-15812 Seothermal power - The 'sleeper1 in the energy race 13 P0056 477-15845 later power in the immediate future 13 p0056 477-15850 Possibilities I'or utilizing wind energy 13 p0056 477-15853 Space solar power - An available energy sonrce 13 p0056 477-15946 Future energy production systems: Heat and mass transfer processes. Volume 1 Book 13 p0056 477-16201 Heat and mass transfer for solar energy utilization 13 p0057 477-16205 Hydrogen production using nuclear heat 13 p0057 477-16211 Combined cycles and refined coal gasification plant using high temperature gas turbines 13 p0058 477-16249 New England wind power...coastal or mountain 13 p0058 477-16250 The prospect for fusion controlled nuclear fusion 13 p0058 477-16357 Hydrogen production from water by means of chemical cycles 13 pOOSS 477-16471 The storage of energy in future energy supply systems C D G L E eneta 76-182] 13 poosg 477-16533 Rindmills change direction British system utilizing offshore windmills and depleted north Sea fields 13 p0060 477-16620 Potentialities and limitations of the utilization of wind machines 13 p0061 477-16787 Superalloys for advanced energy systems 13 p0061 477-16824 Energy and environmental considerations in extending heat pump applications 13 p0062 A77-17058 Homeowner's guide to solar heating and cooling Book 13 P0062 477-17525 Fossil energy research and development in EBD4 13 p0063 477-17551 Problems of energy storage in solar power-stations 13 p0063 477-17555 Application of solar energy in the high-temperature range . • f 13 p0063 477-17636 Geothermal energy development , - 13 p0064-477-17801 Increase in the efficiency of heat and power systems using large artificial accumulators of heat 13 p0064 477-17939 Alkali metal space power technology applicable to national energy research and development [ A I A A PAPSa 77-289] 13 p0065 477-18223 Solar power satellites - Opportunity and challenge C A I A A PAPBB 77-291] 13 p0065 477-18224 The application of aerospace technology to solar thermal electric power generation C 4 I A 4 P4PBB 77-294] 13 p0065 477-18226 OTEC - 4erospace and ocean engineering in partnership Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion f 4 I A A P4PjJB 77-296] 13 P0066 477-18227 Gas turbine electric powerplants ( A I J A PAPjia 77-346) 13 P0066 477-18254 Perspectives on Satellite Solar Power f A I A A PAPJ2B 77-352] 13 p0066 477-18257 Parametric studies of the thermal trap flat plate collector 13 p0068 477-18443 Overview of the EBD4 fusion power program 13 p0068 477-18446 Coal liquefaction with soluble transition-metal complexes 13 p0070 477-18584 The fu ture importance of solar energy for the supply of the German Federal Republic with energy 13 p0070 477-18597 4 solar house wi th heat pipe collectors 13 p0070 477-18598 Heliotecanique and development; Proceedings of the International Conference, Dhahran, Saudi 4rabia, Hovember 2-6, 1975. Volumes 1 6 2 13 p0072 477-19043 4-84 SUBJECT IHDBX EHEBGT TECHHOIOGY COHTD Performance of an annular cylindrical solar collector 13 p0073 477-19059 Solar water heater using hardened black polythene pipe absorbers 13 p0073 A77-19060 Solergy collector concept immobile reflective surface for solar collection using spiral concentrator 13 p0073 A77-19061 Double-reflection solar energy concentrators 13 p0074 A77-19067 Periodically adjustable concentrators adapted to solar cell panels 13 p0074 A77-19068 Stationary solar concentrators for industrial heating and cooling 13 p0074 A77-19069 Cylindrical nirror collector field 13 p0074 A77-19071 Solar production of hydrogen as a means of storing solar energy 13 p0075 A77-19072 Photovoltaic effect applications 13 p0075 A77-19080 Photovoltaic systems using sunlight concentration 13 p0076 A77-19089 Double-faced silicon solar cell system 13 p0076 A77-19090 Electric energy from atmospheric Mater vapor 13 p0077 A77-19097 The two enemies of industrial development of solar energy - Simplicity and economy . 13 p0078 A77-19109 Heating a building by means of solar and electrical energy 13 p0078 A77-19113 New frontiers in sclar and other energy options 13 p0079 A77-19118 Improved use of energy through waste and solar energy utilization 13 p0079 477-19123 The role cf solar energy in developing nations - The perspectives in Hali 13 pOOBO A77-19125 Research at the EDE4TOH-CCS Center on solar energy 13 pOOSO 477-19126 Sclar energy in Switzerland 13 pOOSO 477-19127 Problems of transportation power plants .14 p0136 477-20004 Hind power wind-powered plant design 14 p0136 477-20042 Coal gasification and its relation to tested power plants 14 p0136 477-20074 Principles of atomic- central heating 14 p0136 A77-20102 Flue gas desulfurization experience 14 p0136 477-20381 The energy crisis today - 4 perspective 14 p0137 477-20390 Ceashing of coal liguefaction products via partial deasphalting. I - Hydrogen-donor extraction effluents. II - Hydrogenation and hydroextraction eff luents 14 p0138 477-20725 On the solar energy problem for heat and electric power production 14 p0138 477-20742 Joint test of an n.s. electrode system in the D.S.S.B. 0-02 facility 14 p0139 A77-21215 Dtilization of Western coal for HHD energy conversion 14 p0140 477-21230 Development of a baseline reference design for an open cycle HHD power plant for commercial service 14 p0140 477-21232 The technology base for large BHD superconducting magnets 14 p01«0 477-21233 Progress on the Hark VI long-duration HHD generator 14 p0141 477-21237 Experimental investigation on a direct coal-fired HHD generator 14 p0141 477-21238 System studies of coal fired-closed cycle HHD for central station power plants " 14 p0142 477-21267 Liquid-metai HHD coupled to coal-fired fluidized-bed combustors "- 14 p0143 477-21269 The quality category in solar engineering 14 p0143 477-21310 Conversion of solar energy by photosynthetic production of molecular hydrogen : 14 p0143 A77-21316 Superconducting magnets for an HHD test facility and base load power plant 14 p0144 477-21379 Superconducting a.c. generators - Progress on the design of a 1300 HH, 3000 rev/min generator 14 p0144 477-21386 Hind energy foe human needs 14 p0145 477-21400 Hide-range control of a thermal interconnection network waste incineration utilization supplying pipelined steam heat - 14 p0145 477-21545 Alcohol - A Brazilian answer to the energy crisis automobile fuel from manioc 14 p0145 477-21673 Solar photothermal power generation 14 p0146 477-21700 Research on oattery-operated electric road vehicles 14 p0146 A77-21701 'is commercial coal conversion practical 14 p0146 477-21761 'Technology of large area Cu/x/S-cdS solar cells 14 p0149 477-21798 Hydrogen production by photoelectrochemistry in ' visible light 14. p0150 477-21813 Hethod of investigation, experimental results, and • optimization criteria for photoelectrochemical converters 14 p0151 477-21814 Interaction between the solar mirror field and the thermodynamic system of a turning solar power plant 14 p0151 A77-21824 Thermal optimization of steam generating systems for tower type solar steam power plants - Tasks '• and methods 14 p0152 477-21830 The solar tower as a source of thermal electric energy 14 p0152 477-21831 :Status report on the German experimental study for terrestrial solar electric generators 14 p0153 A77-21836 'A power plant of the Aerosolec type 14 p0153 477-21839 Development of a 10 XHe solar thermal power station 14 p0154 477-21844 Potentialities of electric, energy production by means of tnermoelectric generators 14 p0154 477-21847 Photovoltaic conversion of solar energy using : optical concentration systems 14 p0154 A77-21849 Effect of tne characteristics of electrical supply networks on the design of solar power plants 14 p0155 477-21858 Combined gas/steam cycle power and heat generating plants 14 p0155 477-22023 Small gas turbines and the Total Energy concept 14 p0156 477-22024 The principles of system studies in nuclear energy research 14 p0157 A77-22342 Four different views of the heliostat f lux density integral 14 p0158 477-22645 (Economic competitiveness of solar energy with conventional fuels and electricity 14 p01S8 477-22648 Solar energy concentration with liquid lenses 14 p0158 477-22649 Applications of cryogenic technology. Volume 8 Book 14 p0159 477-22868 A-85 EHEBGY TECHHOIOG7 COBTO SDBJECT IHDEZ Traction batteries for existing and future electric road vehicles 14 p0159 A77-22878 User experience with the Enfield car electric motor vehicle 14 p0159 A77-22884 The N.A.N. electrobus experience gained in large-scale tests 14 p0160 477-22900 Hew energy systems - Associated thermodynamic cycles French took 11 P0162 477-229211 Research and development of geothermal energy production in Hungary 14 p0163 A77-23034 Status and ontlook of controlled nuclear fusion 14 p0163 A77-23095 Path of development and developmental status of the lignite high-temperature coking process in the DDR - An example of effective utilization of lignite as energy vehicle 1 14 p0163 A77-23096 Mathematical simulation of the fixed-bed pressurized gasification process 14 p0161 A77-23097 Hydrocarbon cracking developments in the DDE 14 p0164 477-23098 On the production of town gas from off-gases of the cheaical processing industry 14 p0164 A77-23099 Solar energy conversion - Work experience of a team applying methods and technigues of physics research to this sector 14 p0164 A77-23296 Design and testing of planar solar collectors ' 14 p0164 A77-23298 Advanced technologies for photovoltaic cell ' fabrication 14 p0165 A77-23300 Fuel cells - prospects of their applications for electric utilities 14 p0165 A77-23306 The energy situation in Canada 14 p0165 A77-23307 Low-Btu gas from coal has many potential markets 14 p0165 A77-23309 Aspects of surface wind behaviour 14 p0165 477-23357 Direct and indirect economics of wind energy systems relative to fuel based systems 14 p0165 A77-23358 A possible saturation criterion for wind energy extraction 14 p016S A77-23359 Large scale Hind Energy Conversion System /SECS/ design and installation as affected by site wind energy characteristics, grouping arrangement and social acceptance 14 p0165 A77-23360 Engineering development status of the Darrieus wind turbine 14 p0166 A77-23365 Pumped-storage electric power generating plants 14 p0166 A77-23373 Can new resources fill the energy gap 14 p0166 A77-23380 Periodically adjustable concentrators adapted to solar cell panels 14 p0166 A77-23385 The dilemma of future electric power demand 14 p0167 477-23391 The A S H R A E monograph on applications of solar energy for beating and cooling buildings 14 p0167 A77-23441 Design application using sclar energy to control the environment in a lajor office building 14 p0168 A77-23442 Solar absorption air-conditioning performance in central Ohio 14 p0168 A77-23443 The use of commercially available absorption units on solar-powered cooling systems 14 p0168 A77-2344S The national laser-fusion program 14 p0168 477-23502 Fuel cells - A sleeper in the energy race 14 p0170 A77-23647 Why solar energy advantages over fossil fuel and nuclear energy 14 p0170 A77-23654 4 progress report on the national program for solar heating and cooling 14 p0170 477-23656 International cooperation on development of hydrogen tecanologies 14 p0171 477-23717 Advanced silicon solar cell production technology [AI4A PAPSi 77-485] 14 p0172 477-23905 The selenida isotope generators f A I A A PAPiJfl 77-498] 14 p0173 A77-23916 Thermionic energy conversion technology - Present and future C A 1 A A PAPfiH 77-500] 14 p0173 A77-23918 A rationale for large space-based solar power systems T A I A A PAPEH 77-510] 14 p0173 A77-23926 Future energy production systems: Heat and mass transfer processes. Volume 2 Book 14 p0174 477-24201 Possible applications of geothernal energy in France 14 p0175 A77-24208 Gasification of coal and its future aspects regarding the use of heat from high-temperature nuclear reactors • 14 p0175 477-24210 Gasification oi coal in high-velocity fluidized beds 14 p0175 477-24211 Gasification of Rhenish brown coal as mined 14 p0175 477-24213 Electricity from the thermal power of the sea 14 p0176 477-24218 Beat exchangers for the Ocean Thermal Energy Power Plant 14 p0176 477-24219 Theoretical ana experimental validation of new sources of electrical energy 14 p0176 477-24457 Solar retrofit in a large institutional building - 4n economic analysis 14 p0176 477-24500 The E R D A geothermal program 14 p0177 477-24603 National Solar Energy Convention, Jadavpur University, Calcutta, India, November 29-Decembar 1, 1976, Proceedings 14 p0177 477-24659 The potential for fuel conservation 14 p0178 477-24960 'Low-energy1 geothermal heat 14 p0178 477-25001 Eeview - Silicon solar cells for terrestrial applications 14 p0178 477-25085 East Hesa Geotaermal Component Test Facility 14 p0178 477-25136 Net energy delivery from geothermal resources 14 p0178 477-25137 Our energy fu ture : The role of research, development, and demonstration in reaching a national consensus on energy supply • Book 14 p0179 A77-25224 Basic research problems in the generation of electrochemical energy for powering small private vehicles 14 p0180 A77--25721 Rotor/generator isolation for wind turbines fA IA4 77-372) 14 p0180 477-25782 Hydrogen technology for energy Book 14 p0180 477-25824 Fuel cells Book 14 p0180 A77-25875 Solar heating and cooling of a 25,500 sgnare foot building 14 p0181 A77-26054 A comparative study of the effectiveness of baseboard convectors versus forced air solar heating at the University of Florida Solar House 14 p0182 477-26058 Drying of refuse-derived fuel for energy recovery • from municipal solid waste 14 p0182 477-26071 Energy LA: Tackling the crisis: Proceedings of the Second Greater Los Angeles Area Energy Symposium, Los Angeles, Calif., Hay 19, 1976 14 p0182 A77-26076 1-86 SUBJECT IHDBI BgEBGY TECHHOLOGI CONTD Recovery 'of energy from solid waste - An answer to some of Southern California's problems 14 p0182 477-26078 The high potential of wind as an energy source 11 p0183 A77-26084 Flap-augmented shrouds for aerogenerators 14 p0183 477-26085 Energy recovery by mini-hydroelectric projects ' 14 p0183 477-26089 Power production from high salinity geothermal vaters 11 p0183 477-26090 Harnessing the ocean waves, swells and tides ..-. ., ' 11 p0183 477-26091 Largest ever liquefaction plant iiill test E-coal process ' " ' . ' . , l i t p0184 477-26289 Coal gasifier projects gather momentum 11 p0184 477-26290 Dndergrqnnd gasification offers clean safe route to coal energy •• . - . 1 1973 • • [PB-253908/81 ' - 13 p0083 N77-10220 4-103 FUEL CONTAMINATION SUBJECT IHDEI A linear economic model of fuel and energy use in the Dnited States. Volume 1: Hodel Description and results CPB-252485/8] 13 p0088 N77-10662 Gasoline and distillate shortage situation: 1972-1976 [PB-253322/2] 13 p0089 N77-10670 Baseline energy forecasts and analysis of alternative strategies for airline fuel conservation [PB-255351/9] 13 p0091 N77-10690 Optimizing the use of materials and energy in transportation construction CPB-253713/2] 13 p0096 S77-11«75 Societal implications of energy scarcity. Social and technological priorities in steady state and constricting systems [PB-253097/0] 13 p0099 877-11556 Energy use in the contract construction industry rPB-245422/1 ] 13 p0099 N77-11557 ' Energy use in the contract construction industry. Appendix A: Study methodology fPB-245423/9] 13 p0099 N77-11558 Energy use in the contract construction industry. Appendix E: Assessment of construction equipment availability, energy reguirements, and construction industry capacity to support Project Independence fPB-245424/7] 13 p0100 N77-11559 An evaluation of high altitude engine modification devices (econo-kit) fPB-255556/3] 13 p0101 H77-11589 California energy outlook [OCEL-5196-BIV-11 13 p0106 N77-12525 Impacts of synthetic liguid fuel development. Automotive market. Volume 1: Summary [PB-2559S4/6] 13 p0107 S77-12533 Impacts of synthetic liguid fuel development- Automotive market. Voluue 2 fPB-2559S5/3] 13 p0108 N77-12534 Increased fuel economy in transportation systems by use of energy management: Second year's program. Executive summary fPB-256117/3 ] 13 p0108 H77-12536 Historical fuels and energy consuiption data, 1960 - 1972, Dnited States by states and census districts east of the Mississippi fPB-255176/0] 13 p0112 N77-13229 Historical fuels and energy consumption data, 1960 - 1972, United states by states and census districts nest of the Mississippi [PB-255177/8] 13 p0112 S77-13230 Hybrid drive.with kinetic energy store as vehicle drive CUCBL-TBANS-11018] 13 p0120 N77-14486 Research plan for achieving reduced automotive energy consumption . rPB-255929/2] 13 p0121 1177-111495 Study of the cost/benefit tradeoffs for reducing the energy'consumption of the commercial air transportation system fNASA-CB-137926] 13 p0126 H77-15007 Study of the cost/benefit tradeoffs for reducing the energy consumption of the commercial air transportation system [NASA-CB-137927] 13 p0126 N77-15008 Study of unconventional aircraft engines designed for low energy consumption fNASA-CB-135136] 13 p0127 N77-15043 Alternative fuels for aviation fGPO-78-544] 13 p0127 N77-15212 Increased fuel economy in transportation systems by use of energy management - second year's program fPB-257177/6] 13 p0133 N77-15930 Aircraft fuel efficiency program fS-BEPT-94-6331 14 p0209 H77-17032 Production and consumption of coal, 1976 - 1980 rPB-257441/6] 14 p0212 N77-17593 Feasibility of meeting the energy needs of army bases with self-generated fuels derived from solar energy plantations [AD-A031163] 14 p0226 N77-19662 Feasibility of .meeting the energy needs of Aroy bases wi th self-generated fuels derived from solar energy plantations. Appendixes A, B, and C f A D - A 0 3 1 1 6 4 ] 14 p0226 N77-19663 Projected natural gas curtailments and potential . needs for additional alternate fuels, 1976-1977 heating season [PB-260535/0] ' 14 p0235 H77-21257 Mirror hybrid reactor optimization studies [BCBL-78614] 14 p0253 N77-21939 High efficiency engine cycles for air transport fuel economy 15 p0339 N77-22126 Hydrogen-enricament-concept preliminary evaluation CHASA-CB-152814] 15 p0340 N77-22290 Historical trends in coal utilization and supply tPB-26127d/6] 15 p0341 N77-22295 Impact of alternate fuels on industrial refractories and refractory insulation applications: An assessment (OBNL-TH-5592 ] 15 p0344 N77-22618 Fuel consumption, emissions, and power characteristics of the 1975 Ford 140-CID automotive engine, experimental data tPB-261771/01 15 p0350 N77-22725 Examination of the costs, benefits and enery conservation aspects of the NASA aircraft fuel conservation technology program [NASA-CB-152683] 15 p0352 N77-23007 Cost/benefit tradeoffs, for reducing the energy consumption of the commercial air transportation system. Volume 1: Technical analysis fNASA-CH-137923] 15 p0353 N77-23072 Cost/benefit tradeoffs for reducing the energy consumption of the commercial air transportation system. Volume 2: Market and economic analyses tHASA-CR-137924] 15 p0353 H77-23073 Emissions and total energy consumption of a multicylinder piston engine running on gasoline and a hydrogen-gasoline mixture [KASA-TN-D-8l»87] 15 p0353 N77-23114 The 1975 automotive characteristics data base rPB-262015/1) 15 P0354 N77-23507 State projections of industrial fuel needs [PB-263333/6] 15 p0356 N77-23620 The potential for transit as an energy saving option [PB-263087/9J 15 p0359 H77-24019 Truck fleet experience with fuel economy improvement measures CPB-263022/6] 15 p0361 H77-24514 Future natural gas supply to the Northeast rBNL-50553] 15 p0364 N77-24595 Fuel efficiency improvement in rail freight transportation: Multiple unit throttle control to conserve fue l fPB-262470/8 j 15 p0366 N77-24629 Fuels and energy data: United States by states and census divisions, 1973 [PB-262362/7] 15 p0367 N77-24636 Vapor recovery analysis [PB-262846/9J 15 p0368 N77-24667 Impact of a suburban rapid transit line of fuel consumption and cost for the journey-to-work. Analysis of the Philadelphia-lindenwold high-speed line rPB-26304d/1] 15 p0370 N77-25014 Transportation programming, economic analysis, and evaluation or energy constraints [PB-26287d/2] 15 p0370 N77-25018 Electric utility coal consumption and generation trends, 1976-1985 [PB-262483/1J 15 p037l| N77-25667 Technigues for the analysis of total energy and labor of industrial plants fPB-264221/3] 15 p0385 N77-26697 Mid-term and long term energy trends [PB-264740/2J 15 p0395 N77-27559 FOEL CORTA3ISATIOH Fuel contaminants. Volume 1: chemistry [PB-256020/9] 13 p0103 N77-12231 Fuels and lubricants an evaluation of military fuels and lubricants [AD-A0328112] 15 p0359 N77-24314 FOEL COHTBOL Application of simulation studies to the design and improvement of fuel control systems for aviation turoine engines 13 p0054 A77-15798 Automotive gas turbine fuel control fNASA-CASE-LjSH-12785-n 13 p0113 N77-13426 Impact of fue l properties on jet fuel availability TAD-A029493] 14 p0219 N77-19278 A-104 SUBJECT IHDEI FDSIOB REACTORS FOEl FLOB Prospects for pipeline delivery of hydrogen as a fuel and as a chemical feedstock 114 P0200 A77-29437 FUEL FLOS BBGOLJTOBS Oil cooling system for a gas tnrbine engine rHASA-CASE-Lm-12830-1:) 15 p0353 877-23106 FUEL 1NJECTIOH The performance of hydrogen-injected reciprocating engines 13 p0033 A77-12780 Bosch technical instruction. Gasoline injection D and L-jetrenic CNASA-TT-F-17111] 13 p0095 N77-11399 FOEL OILS Influence of heavy fuel oil composition and boiler combustion conditions on particulate emissions 13 pOOOS S77-11162 COSTEAH: Low-rank coal liguefaction - An updated analysis 13 p0045 A77-1293H Production of atmospheric nitrous oxide by combustion 13 p0061 A77-16922 Upgrading coal liguids to gas turbine fuels. II - Compatibility of coal liguids vith petroleum fuels 14 P0177 A77-248S2 Upgrading coal liguids to gas tnrbine fuels. Ill - Exploratory process studies 14 p0178 A77-24853 Environmental considerations of converting fossil-fueled power plants from oil or natural gas to ccal 14 p0181 A77-26043 Hydroretorting of cil shale with nuclear process heat T A S H E P A P E R 76-HA/EBER-3] 14 p0185 A77-26432 Coal-in-oil - A substitute boiler fuel [ A S H E PAPEB 76-HA/FO-2] 14 P0185 A77-26453 Design criteria for reducing pollutant emissions and fuel consumption by residential oil-fueled combustors fASME PAPEB 76-HA/FO-10] 14 p0185 A77-26457 Eccnomics of synthetic gas production by the SEGAS process 15 p0302 A77-36341 Economic feasibility of the conversion of organic vaste to fuel oil and pipeline gas 15 p0302 A77-36346 Fuel conversion strategy impacts on compliance •with photochemical oxidant standards 15. p0333 A77-39585 Crude oil supply alternatives for the Northern Tier states rPB-2S5991/2] 13 p0107 N77-12530 Performance of emission control devices on boilers • firing municipal solid waste and oil rPB-257136/2] 13 p0133 H77-15550 Fuel gas environmental impact [PB-257134/7] 14 p0209 N77-16470 Haste POL disposal through energy recovery fAD-A0317833 14 P0235 N77-20957 Petroleum market shares: A report on sales of distillate and residual fuel oil to ultimate consumers, 1975 [PB-260565/7] 15 p0341 H77-22292 Heating oils, 1976 rBEEC/PPS-76/41 15 p0344 H77-22626 Oil cooling system for a gas tnrbine engine fHASA-CASE-LEW-12830-1] 15 p0353 N77-23106 FUEL PUHPS The pressure divider - A device for reducing qas-pipe-line pumping-energy reguirements 13 p0028 A77-12735 FUEL SPBAYS Soot and gaseous pollutant formation in a burning fuel spray in relation to pressure and air/fuel ratio 15 p0293 A77-35186 FDEL STSTEHS Alternate fuel capability of Bankine cycle engines 13 p0036 A77-12801 Lignefied natural gas for California 14 p0183 A77-26083 Fuel subsystem characteristics for LH2 aircraft 15 p0281 A77-33393 Development of a liguid hydrogen car 15 P0282 A77-33394 Prototype hydrogen automobile using a metal hydride 15 p0282 A77-33398 Hydrogen safety problems fuel systems hazard prevention 15 p0283 A77-33402 Protocol to characterize gaseous emissions as a function or iuel and additive composition rPB-253363/6] 13 p0084 N77.-10221 First Horld Hydrogen Energy Conference proceedings, volume 3 14 p0243 N77-21626 FOBL TASKS Liguid hydrogen as propellant for commercial aircraft [ D G L B PAPSB 76-188] 13 p0059 A77-16534 The technical concept of the IL-62B. II - Fuel system 14 p0156 A77-22120 The importation of liguefied natural gas 14 p0194 A77-27607 Ignition of flammable gases in crude-oil tankers as a result of metal fracture f A D - A 0 2 7 4 1 1 ] 13 p0127 N77-15121 Automotive hydride tank design 14 p0244 N77-21637 FOEL TESTS Recent tests of industrial gas turbine combustors fueled with simulated low heating value coal gas [ A S H E PAPEB 76-HA/GT-3] 14 p0185 A77-26459 Experimental results using methanol and methanol/gasoline blends as automotive engine fuel CBEBC/BI-76/15] 15 p0389 N77-27245 FUEL-AIB BATIO Studies on realization of normal combustion of hydrogen in spark-ignition engines by reduction of temperature of residual burnt gases 14 p0195 A77-28050 Soot and gaseous pollutant formation in a burning fuel spray in relation to pressure and air/fuel ratio 15 p0293 A77-35186 Burner design criteria for control of NOx from natural gas combustion. Volume 1: Data analysis and summary of conclusions (PB-254167/OJ 13 p0091 H77-10686 FUELS Fuels from oiomass - Energy outlay versus energy returns: A critical appraisal 15 p0322 A77-38673 Study of the feasibility of federal procurement of fuels produced f rom solid wastes rPB-255695/9] 13 p0096 H77-11513 Systems study of fuels from sugar cane, sweet sorghum, and sugar beets fTID-27032] 14 p0211 1177-17570 An evaluation of methanol, ethanol, the propanols, and the butanols as ship propulsion fuels CAD-A033483J 15 p0354 H77-23277 Systems study of fuels from sugarcane, sweet sorghum, sugar beets, and corn CTID-27336] 15 p0377 B77-26324 Operation of military field heating equipment using solid fuels [AD-A037121) 15 p0388 N77-27152 Parametric study of critical fuel costs for solar heating in Horth America [CONF-760842-12] 15 p0392 H77-27533 Energy and US agriculture. 1974 data base, volume 1. Part A: OS series of energy tables. Part B: State series of energy tables tPB-264449/0] 15 p0395 N77-27562 FULL SCALE TBSIS Superconducting machinery for Naval ship propulsion 14 p0144 A77-21361 FUBCTIONAL ASALISIS Focused solar collector analysis with axially varying input due to shadowing from adjacent collectors fSAND-76-5061] 15 p0345 N77-22635 FOBHACBS Laboratory investigation of high temperature alloy failure mechanisms 15 p0271 A77-32608 FUSIOB BBACTOKS Fusion power nuclear energy technology development 13 pOOOS A77-11034 Huon catalysed fusion for pellet ignition 13 p0012 A77-11468 »-105 POSIOB-FISSIOH BYBBID BEiCTOBS SDBJECT IHDEI Current status of the magnetic fusion program 13 p0035 A77-12792 PACEH - A practical fusion power concept 13 p0035 A77-12793 The migma high energy advanced fuel direct conversion fusion power plant 13 p0035 A77-12791 Concept of a fusion burner 13 p0061 A77-1701U World survey of major facilities in controlled fusion research Book 13 p0067 A77-1826U Heat transfer problems associated with laser fusion 13 p0068 A77-181U1 Superconducting induction coil for a ^doublet Tokanak experimental fusion power reactor 11 p0111 A77-21376 Overview of energy research and development administration inertial confinement fusion program It p01 [ B N W L - 2 0 3 0 ( H A P - 1 ) ] 15 p0310 877-22291 Performance - of Army engines with unleaded gasoline-field study evaluation rAD-A032075] 15 p0312 H77-22190 Conversion•of waste organic material to gasoline rcOO-2982-7] 15 p0377 N77-26325 Experimental results using methanol and methanol/qasoline blends as automotive .engine fuel rBEBC/BI-76/15] , ,15~p0389 N77-27215 ,Energy industry investigation. Part 2: Industry structure - fGPO-83-635] 15 p0391 M77-27500 GEBEBAL ATIATIOH AIRCRAFT Technical niqhlights in general aviation [AIAA PAP3B 77-312] 13 p0066 A77-18237 • Automotive engines - A viable alternative for. aircraft [SAE PAPEB 770166] 15 p0310 A77-37081 ^ - N A S A Quiet Clean General Aviation Turbofan (QCGAT) program status [NASA-Id-*-73561] 15 p0353 N77-23109 GEOCBBBISTBI , . ', ^The utility of waters from the high-temperature areas in Iceland for space heating as determined -, by their chemical composition 13 p0012 A77-11196 Isotopic composition of steam samples from Lanzarote, Canary Islands 13 p0013 A77-11197 Locating interesting gebthermal areas in the Tuscany region /Italy/ by geochemical and isotopic methods 13 p0013 A77-11198 The nature aad characteristics of the distribution of helium and argon isotopes in the geothermal waters^of tha Kuril Islands and Kamchatka ' • ' • . ; , ' " 1 3 p0018 A77-13589 Cooperative geochemical resource assessment of the aesa Gebtnerial'system '. . . [PB-257225/3] . 13'p0132 H77-15520 Seothermal studies in northern Nevada ' CLBL-1151] . 11 p0221 N77-19589 -.Gepchemistry and hydrothermal alteration at selected Utah hot springs^ volume 3 [PB-261415/1] . ' 15 p0378 1177-26606 GEOELECTHICITY . Geothermal significance of magnetotelluric ' sounding in the eastern Snake River Plain-Yellowstone region ' 15 p0310 A77-36999 GEOLOGICAL FAULTS .The Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory Dry Hot Rock Geothermal Project /LASL Group Q-22/ 11 p0163 A77-23032 GEOLOGICAL SOR7EIS Remote sensing of an underground'coal-burn cavity ' • w i t h a wide-Band induction system 13 p0007 A77-11050 world oil resources. Ill - The geological analogy method 13 p0012 A77-11311 The utility of waters from the high-temperature areas in Iceland for space heating as determined by their chemical composition 13 p0012 A77-11196 Isotopic composition of steam samples from Lanzarote, Canary Islands 13 p0013 &77-11197 Locating interesting geothermal areas in the Tuscany region /Italy/ by geochemical and isotopic methods • ' . • • 13 p0013 A77-11498 Results of some geothermal studies in Singhbhum ' thrust belt, India 13 p0013 A77-11499 Use of radar in geology 13 p0018 A77-12256 &-109 GEOLOGY SOBJZCT INDEX In situ combustion of Michigan oil shale - Current field studies 13 p0024 A77-12695 Geothermal flux through palaqonitized tephra, Surtsey, Iceland - The Surtsey temperature-data-relay experiment via Landsat-1 13 p0048 A77-13648 Geothermal significance of magnetotelluric sounding in the eastern Snake River Plain-Yellowstone region 15 p0310 A77-36999 Pacific Northwest geothermal: 1976 review, 1977 outloolt 15 p0335 A77-39817 Geothermal studies in northern Nevada rLBL-4451] 11 P0221 N77-19589 Evaluation and targeting of geothermal energy resources in the southeastern United States CVPI-SO-5103-n It P0225 H77-19642 Methods for gecthermal reservoir detection emphasizing submerged environments CLBL-44951 14 p0236 N77-21532 GEOLOGY The 29950 Earth Resource Technology Satellite (ERTS-A) sensor data for mineral resource sector development and regional land use survey, March -. August 1S76 Bolivia fE77-10028] 13 p0096 N77-11491 Petrology and geochemistry of hydrothermal alteration in borehole Mesa 6-2, East Mesa geothermal area. Imperial Valley, California [PB-258871/31 11 p0215 N77-18541 Geology and potential uses of the geopressure resources of the Gulf Coast rUCID-17163] 11 P0215 N77-18562 6EOHCBPHOLOGY The 29950 Earth Resource Technology Satellite (ERTS-A) sensor data for mineral resource sector development and regional land use survey. March - August 1S76 Bolivia [£77-10028] 13 pOOS6 N77-11491 GEOPHYSICS Geothermal studies in northern Nevada fLBL-4451 J 14 p0221 N77-19589 Use of electrical methods for the delineation of geothermal reservoirs fPB-261507/81 15 p0351 N77-22750 Dipole-dipole resistivity surveys, Eooseveit hot springs FGRA, volume 2 [PB-264897/0] . 15 p0371 N77-25623 GEOTBERMAL ENERGY COHVBBSIOH Making electricity from moderate temperature fluids geothermal scurces 13 p0002 A77-10649 Geothermal energy conversion technology development 13 pOOOS A77-11035 Geothermal energy in Havaii - Hydrothermal systems 13 p0029 A77-12741 Application of the Stretford process for H2S abatement at the Geysers geothermal power plant 13 p0029 A77-12743 Economic optimization of binary fluid cycle power plants for geothermal systems 13 p0029 A77-12744 Economic and engineering implications of the Project Independence 1985 geothermal energy output goal and the associated sensitivity analysis 13 p0029 S77-12745 Investigation of heat exchanger flow arrangement on performance and cost in a geotheroal binary cycle 13 p0029 A77-12746 Direct contact heat exchangers for geothermal power plants 13 p0029 477-12747 Pluidized bed heat exchangers for geothermal applications 13 p0029 A77-12748 The economic generation of electricity from moderate temperature geothermal resources 13 p0030 A77-12749 Comparison of geotheroal power conversion cycles 13 p0030 A77-12750 Power production from high temperature geothermal waters 13 p0030 477-12751 Preliminary analysis of electric generation utilizing geopressured gsothermal fluids 13 P0030 A77-12752 Geothermal powered heat pumps to produce process heat 13 P0030 A77-12754 Extracting energy f rom hydraulically-fractured geothermal reservoirs 13 p0030 A77-12757 The use of program GEOTHM to design and optimize geothermal power cycles 13 P0031 A77-12758 Electric utility companies and geothermal power 13 p0031 A77-12759 The potential national benefits of geothermal electrical energy production f rom hydrothermal resources in the West 13 p0031 A77-12760 Geothermal sources and their utilization 13 p0055 A77-15803 Geothermal power - The 'sleeper1 in the energy race 13 p0056 A77-15845 A generalized indicator characterizing the hydrodynamics and heating efficiency of subterranean thermal circulation systems 13 pOOSS A77-16306 Geothermal energy as a source of electric power: Thermodynamic and economic design criteria Book 13 p0060 A77-16623 Geotheroal energy development 13 p0064 A77-17801 Liguid flow pat tern in extraction of geothertnal energy 14 P0135 A77-19706 Problems related to operating thermal wells subject to scaling in Hungary 14 p0163 A77-23035 Flow in geothecmal hot water wells 14 p0163 A77-23037 Interaction of hot water reservoirs and deep wells 14 p0163 A77-23038 Future energy production systems: Heat and mass transfer processes, volume 2 Book 14 p0174 A77-24201 Problems or aeat and mass transfer in geothermal energetics 14 p0174 A77-24202 Heat transport in geothermal systems 14 p0174 A77-24203 Recovery of hedt energy from deep or shallow aquifers 14 p0175 A77-24206 Utilization of heat of geothermal springs and waste hot waters in freon-operated power plants 14 p0175 A77-24207 Possible applications of geothermal energy in France 14 p0175 A77-24208 Some aspects or heat and mass transfer in geothermal wells 14 p0175 A77-24209 Heat and mass transfer problems associated with alternative energy production 14 p0176 A77-24216 'Low-energy1 geotheraal heat 14 p0178 A77-25001 East Mesa Geotaermal Component Test Facility 14 p0178 A77-25136 Power production from high salinity geothermal waters 14 p0183 A77-26090 Geothermal energy development 14 p0194 A77-27881 Thermal efficiency of geothermal power 14 p0205 A77-29788 Alternative energy sources Book 15 P0261 A77-31467 Geothermal power utilization, present and future 15 p0262 A77-31475 Regenerative energy sources energy conversion and utilization feasibility 15 P0263 A77-31577 Present status of resources development of geothermal energy in world nations 15 p0286 A77-33523 An update of world geothermal energy development 15 p0286 A77-33524 Mercury emissions from geothermal power plants 15 p0289 A77-31428 A-110 SUBJECT IEDEX GEOTBEBRAL RESOURCES Utilizing alternative energy sources in France 15 p0296 A77-35923 Geothermal heat - instead of electrically powered compression - proposed for cooling a small residence or office bnilding 15 p0335 VH-39818 Geothermal energy for power generation- n.A-08-76-369:) 13 p0087 N77-10650 Geothermal energy for electrical and nonelectrical applications rLA-OR-76-418] 13 p0123 N77-14601 Economics of geothermal electricity generation from hydrothermal resources TBNWL-1S891 13 p0123 N77-14602 Gecthermal B and D project report [ANCB-1283] 13 P0124 N77-14605 First Workshop on Sampling Geothermal Effluents rPB-258067/81 11 P0207 N77-16433 conceptual study for total utilization of an intermediate -temperature geotheriaal resource rANCE-12601 11 p0211 N77-17579 Geothermal component test facility CTID-27035] 14 P0211 H77-17580 performance test of a bladeless turbine for geothermal applications rtJCID-17068} 14 p0212 N77-17581 Geology and potential uses of the geopressure resources of the Gulf Coast CUCID-171631 11 P0215 N77-18562 Geothermal energy program, current research projects supported by the national science foundation rPB-258S48/9} 14 P0218 N77-1B597 potential national benefits of geothermal electrical energy production from hydrothermal resources in the West rBNHL-SJ-57981 14 P0220 N77-19583 Helical-rotor expander applications for geothermal energy ccnversion f U C B L - 5 2 0 4 3 1 11 p0221 H77-19586 Investigation of heat exchanger flow arrangement on performance and cost in a geothermal binary cycle rUCBL-78390) 11 p0221 N77-19587 Geothermal studies in northern Nevada fLBL-44511 14 P0221 N77-19589 potential benefits of geothermal electrical production from hydrothermal resources fSNWL-2001] 14 p0221 N77-19591 Preliminary assessment of a geothermal energy reservoir formed by hydraulic fracturing i;LA-tJB-76-1672] 11 p-0221 1177-19597 Extracting energy from hydraulically-fractured geothermal reservoirs [LA-UB-76-8481 11 p0221 N77-19598 National plan for energy research, development and demonstration: Creating energy choices for the future. Volume 2: Program implementation fossil fuels, solar energy, and geothermal energy fERDA-76-1-VOL-2 ] 14 p0222 N77-19600 Geothermal B and D project report, 1 January - 31 Barch 1976 fANCB-1319] 14 p0222 N77-19607 Methodology for racking geothermal reservoirs in non-electric industrial applications CNTB-724U 14 p0222 N77-1961Q Modular 5 BH geothermal power plant design considerations aod guidelines rUCBL-136841 14 p0222 N77-19612 Geothermal resources: Exploration and exploitation. A bibliography fTID-3351-BI 1 11 p0249 N77-21676 Proceedings of Second Geopressured Geothermal Energy Conference. Volume 3: Beservoir Besearch and Technology rcOKP-760222-P31 14 p0249 N77-21678 precipitation and scaling in dynamic geothermal systems fOBNL-TM-5619] 14 p0249 N77-21680 Bankine cycle energy conversion system design considerations for low and intermediate temperature sensible heat sources [5AND-76-0363) 14 p0251 N77-21699 Energy conversion and economics for geothermal power generation at Heber, California, Valles Caldera, New Hexico, and Bait Biver, Idaho: Case studies [PB-261845/2] 14 P0251 N77-21712 Energy for rural development: Benewable resources and alternative technologies for developing countries [PB-260606/9] 111 p0251 S77-21716 Numerical solutions for transient heating and withdrawal of fluid in a liguid-dominated geothermal reservoir CPB-261562/31 14 p0252 B77-21726 Preliminary study of the importance of hydrothermal reactions on the temperature history of a hot, dry rock geothermal reservoir [PB-262391/6] , 14 p0252 B77-21731 Geothermal down-we^.1 pumping system fPB-261857/7] 14 p0252 K77-21732 Geothermal chemistry activities at LASL CIA-6448-PB] 15 p0344 N77-22623 User manual for GEOCOST: A computer model for geothermai cost analysis. Volume 2: Binary cycle version rBHSL-1942-V2] 15 p0345 M77-22632 Becommendations for a OS geothermal research plan, volume 1 [PB-261566/4] 15 p0346 S77-22640 Geohydrological environmental effects of geothermal power production, phase 2A tPB-261687/8] 15 p0347 B77-22653 Geothermal Energy and wind Power: Alternate energy sources for Alaska [PB-261521/9] 15 p0349 H77-22678 Geotechnical environmental aspects of geothermal power generation Heber, Imperial Valley, California fPB-26084a/7) 15 p0349 1177-22680 Conceptual design of a 10HW regenerative isobutane geothermal power plant [PB-261563/1] 15 p0349 B77-22683 Work ing fluid selection and preliminary heat exchanger design for a Bankine cycle geothermal power plant fPB-261561/9] 15 p0349 N77-22684 Geothermal tecanoecosystems and water cycles in arid lands rPB-263091/1] 15 p0354 S77-23592 Begenerative vapor cycle with isobutane as working fluid fPB-262704/0] 15 p0356 N77-23622 S tudy of silica scaling from geothermal brines rPB-26289l)/7] 15 p0357 N77-23626 Optimization technigue for geothermal power plants using a binary fluid cycle f B N W L - 2 1 5 5 1 15 p0394 N77-27546 GEOTBEBHAL BESOUBCES Thermographic mosaic of Yellowstone National Park P0001 A77-10121 Submarine geothermal resources 13 p0010 A77-11322 The utility of waters from the high-temperature areas in Iceland for space heating as determined by their chemical composition 13 p0012 A77-11496 Isotopic composition of steam samples f rom Lanzarote, Canary Islands 13 p0013 A77-11497 Locating interesting geotheraal areas in the Tuscany region /Italy/ by geochemlcal and isotopic aethods 13 p0013 A77-11498 Besults of some geothermal studies in S inghbhum thrust belt, India 13 p0013 A77-11499 A surface thermal anomaly in the region of Chaudes-digues /France/ detected on aerial thermographs 13 p0014 A77-11591 Seasonal storage of thermal energy in water in the underground reservoirs 13 p0028 A77-12734 Geothermal studies in northern Nevada 13 p0029 A77-12742 Economic optimization of binary fluid cycle power plants for geothermal systems 13 p0029 A77-12744 Pressure drawdown and buildup analyses in geothermal reservoirs 13 p0030 A77-12753 Direct applications of geothermal energy 13 p0030 A77-12755 GBOTBEBH1L BESOOBCES COBTD SUBJECT IHDEI Prerequisites for nilitary/civilian qeopressured geothermal resource development 13 p0031 A77-12761 An engineering feasibility study of using, low temperature geothermal sources in Colorado v 13 p0031 '477-12762 The nature and characteristics of the distribution of heliun and argon isotopes in the geothernal waters of the Kuril Islands and Kamchatka 13 p0048 A77-13589 Geothermal flux through palagonitized tephra, & Surtsey, Iceland - The Surtsey temperatnre-data-relay experiment via Iandsat-1 13 pOOIS A77-13648 Geothermal energy as a source of electric pover:• Thernodynanic and economic design criteria Book 13 p0060 A77-16623 Geothermal energy development 13 p0064 A77-17801 Geothernal energy in Saudi Arabia and its use .in. connection with sclar energy • 13 p0079 A77-19S122 Thermal convection of water in a porous medium -. Effects of temperature- and pressure-dependent thermodynamic and transport properties --— for non-Boussinesg geothermal layers 11 p0145 A77-21546 The Los Alamos Scientific laboratory Dry Hot Sock; Geothermal Project /LASL Group Q-22/ 11 p0163 A77-23032 Besearch and development of geothermal energy production in Hungary 14 p0163 A77-23'034 Problems of heat and mass transfer in geothermal energetics 11 p0174 A77-21202 Beat transport in geothermal systems 11 p0174 A77-21203 Free.thermal convection in geothermal fields - Physical understanding and mathematical modeling 11 p0174 A77-2U201 Numerical solutions for steady free convection in island qeothernal reservoirs 11 p0170 A77-21205 Utilization of heat of qeothernal springs and waste hot waters in freon-operated, power plants- . 11 p0175 A77-24207 Some aspects of heat and mass transfer in geothermal wells .. .- -- - • • . ' .. . .: - , 11 p0175 A77-24209 The EBDA geothermal program 11 p0177 A77-24603 .'Low-energy' geothermal heat .11 p0178 A77-25001 Net energy delivery from geotheroal' resources . 11 p0178 A77-25137 More about geothermal steam or the hottest energy prospect- ever Bock 14 p0191 A77-26925 Geotbermal development and the Salton Sea 11 p0194 A77-27352 Geothermal energy development 11 p0194 A77-27881 Summary of 1976 geothermal drilling - Western Dnited States t 15 p0286 A77-33522 Present status of resources development of geothermal energy in world nations 15 P0286 A77-33523 An update of world geothermal energy development 15 p0286 A77-33524 " Potential land subsidence at geothermal development sites • 15 p0286 A77-33525 Institutional and environmental aspects of * geothermal energy development 15 p0291 A77-35016 Ground water as energy carrier 15 p0302 A77-36317 The guestion of the utilization of geotbermal energy in dry rocks /dry walls/ 15 p0303 A77-36348 Geothermal significance of magnetotellnric sounding in the eastern Snake Diver • - Plain-Yellowstone region 15 p0310 A77-36999 Pacific Northwest geothermal:.1976 review, 1977 outlook 15 p0335 A77-39817 Utilization of geothermal energy tOTIAS-BEYIE»-40] 13 p0087 N77-10644 Geothermal energy for power generation (LA-DH-76-3691 13 p0087 N77-10650 Bemote sensing of geothermic activities of the volcanoes Aetna, Stromboli and Vesuv by means of infra-red HOAA-VHBB-satellite data Italy 13 p0104 N77-12485 Beat extraction from hot dry rock masses [PB-256775/8] 13 p0116 N77-13556 Explaining energy: A manual of non-style for the energy outsider who wants in [LBL-4lt581 13 p0122 N77-11592 Besource utilization efficiency improvement of geothermal binary cycles, phase 1 COBO-4944-3] 13 p0123 N77-14600 Economics of geothermal electricity generation from hydcothermal resources CBN»L-198a ] 13 pOT23 N77-11602 Electric po*er generation using geothermal brine resources for a proof-of-concept facility [NSF/BA/N-75-0119] 13 p0123 N77-11603 Utility distribution systems in Iceland tAD-A026956] 13 p0126 N77-11957 Cooperative geochemical resource assessment of the Hesa Geothermal system CPB-257225/3J 13 p0132 N77-15520 Overview of the.Imperial Valley environmental project [OCID-17067] 13 p0132 N77-15533 Materials research and evaluation for geothermal corrosion environments alloys [COO-2602-2] 11 p0210 H77-17216 Conceptual study for total utilization of an intermediate temperature geothermal resource UNCB-1260J 11 p0211 N77-17579 Petrology and geochemistry of hydrothermal . alteration in borehole Hesa .6-2, East Hesa geothermal area. Imperial Valley, California [PB-258871/3] 11 p«215 N77-18511 A study of geothermal prospects in the western United States tNASA-CB-149812] 11 p0220 N77-19575 Potential benefits of geothermal electrical. production from hydrothermal resources f B N W L - 2 0 0 1 ] 11_p0221 N77-19591 Plan for developing moderate temperature/low salinity geothermal resources . , fANCB-1313] , . 11 p0223,,N77-19614 Evaluation and targeting of geothermal energy. resources in the southeastern Onited States [VPI-SU-5103-1 ] . 1l 'p0225 N77-19612 Drilling for energy resources fPB-259206/1J 11 p0235 S77-20972 Methods for qeothermal reservoir detection emphasizing submerged environments [LBL-4495J 11 p0236 N77-21532 Geothermal resources: Exploration and , exploitation. A bibliography • . • - . rTID-3354-a1] 14 p0219 N77-21676 Proceedings of Second Geopressured Geothermal Energy Conference. Volume 2: Resource Assessment [COSF-760222-P21 . 14 p0249 N77-21677 Geothermal water and gas: Collected'methods for sampling and analysis: Comment issue [ B N W L - 2 0 9 4 1 11 p0219 B77-21679 Geothermal energy resource utilization program planning CHTH-71371 ' ' 14 p0249 N77-21683 Two-phase f low in geothermal energy, sources CTID-27129) 14 p0250 N77-21689 Workshop on Geothermal Reservoir Engineering [PB-261319/8] .14 p0251 N77-21709 Geothermal not water pump for use in reservoirs [PB-261741/3] . 11 p0251 N77-21711 Proceedings of 2nd Workshop on Materials Problems Associated with the Development of Geothermal Energy Systems [PB-261349/5] 14 p0252 N77-21725 State policies for geothermal development. Uncovering a major resource CPB-261744/7] 14 p0252 H77-21728 Preliminary study of the importance of hydrotheraal.- reactions on the temperature history of a hot, dry rock geothermal reservoir fPB-262391/6) '14 p0252 N77-21731 A-112 SUBJECT IHDBX GOYEEHHEHT PBOCOREHEHT Concrete-polymer materials for geothermal applications rBNL-208651 . 15 p0340 N77-22263 The influence cf lateral mass e f f lux en free convection boundary layers in a saturated porous medium rPB-261558/1] 15 p0312 N77-22587 On shallow-hole temperature measurements. A test study in the.Salton Sea geothermal field rPB-262et3/0] 15 p0313 N77-22602 Geothermal exploration: An evaluation of the microseismic qroundnoise method fPB-262575/i;) • 15 p0343 N77-22603 Geothermal chemistry activities at LASL fLA-e i i a -PR] 15 p0311 N77-22623 Recommendat ions for a DS geothermal research plan, volume 1 fPB-261566/11 15 p03U6 N77-22640 Recommendations for a OS geothermal research plan. Volume 1: Appendix.A: Glossary. Appendix B: Task analysis sheets fPB-261567/21 15 p0316 N77-22611 Recommendations for a US geothermal research"plan. Volume 2: Executive summary rPB-261568/0] 15 p0316 N77-22612 Recommendations for a geothermal utilization plan* Volume 3 rPB-261569/81 15 p0346 1177-22613 Geothermal hot water p u m p , appendix ' fPB-262030/0] , 15 P03U7 N77-22652 Thermal conductivity measurement and prediction from geophysical well log parameters with • borehole application rPB-262372/61 ' 15 p03U7 N77-22651 A coordinated exploration program for geothermal sources on the island of Hawaii fPB-261691/0] ' 15 P0350 N77-22685 Use- of electrical methods for the delineation of qeothermal reservoirs rPB-261507/8] 15 p0351 N77-22750 Telluric mapping over' the Mesa Geothermal Anomaly , Imperial Valley, California fPB-262828/7] 15 p0355 S77-23593 The Hawaii geothermal project, initial phase 2 progress report -' ' -' . rPB-263120/8] 15 p0355 N77-23594 Corrosivi'ty of geothermal -trines • - - : rORNL-TH-56881 '• - 15 p0359 N77-21265 Mathematical modelling of single-phase : .Donisothermal fluid flow through porous media [PB-262881/0] • ' 15 p0362 N77-21577 'The use of geothermal energy at military installations - I • ' • ' • ' - [AD-'A03U241] ' ' ' -" 15 p0366 N77-21626 The analysis of subsidence associated with geothermal development. Volume 1: Bandbook [PB-2636S2/6] 15 p0369 N77-21711 The analysis of subsidence associated with geothernal development. Volume 2: Research report - rPB-263693/1] '15 p0369 N77-21715 The analysis of subsidence associated with geothermal development. Volume 3: Information bank - . • . . [PB-263694/2] - 15 p0369 N77-21716 Program'defini t ion for the development of ' ' geothemal energy! Volume 1: Background and program definition summary rNASA-CB-1532211 15 p0371 N77-25612 Program definition for the development of geothermal energy. Volume 2: Program definition development rationale and subprogram descriptions [NASA-CE-153222] 15 p0371 H77-25613 Program definition for the development of geothermal energy. Volume 3: Appendixes r»ASA-CB-153223l . 15 p0371 N77-25611 Dipole-dipcle resistivity surveys, Roosevelt hot springs KGBA, volume 2 rPB-264897/0] . 15 p0371 N77-25623 LASL hot dry rock geothermal project [LA-6525-PH] 15 p0372 H77-25639 Geochemistry and hydrotheraal alteration at selected Dtah hot springs, volume 3 CPB-264115/1] 15 p0378 N77-26606 University of Dtah direct contact Geotlermal Power Project report. A computer program for determining the .thermodynamic properties of water • rDTEC-HE-76-171] 15.p0380 H77-26642 Seothermal a and D project „ [TREE-100d] 15 p0393 H77-27538 Computer simulation of geothermal reservoirs fPB-265104/01 15 p0395 N77-27561 GEBHAHIDB Theoretical and experimental validation of new sources or electrical energy 1U p0176 A77-241457 High-efficiency thin-film GaAs solar cells ' rPB-258i*93/6) 11 p0212 H77-17599 GEBSANT Energy policies of France, Britain, and Germany compared : ' . 15 p0263 A77-31572 Utilization of solar energy [EBDA-TE-144) 11 p0216 N77-18572 Electric storage heating: The experience in England and Hales and in the Federal Republic of Germany ; [ANL-ES-50] 15 p0365 H77-21612 Energy sources for tomorrow [ERDA-TB-226] • . - • • • - • < - • • • < : . • 1 5 p0391-'K77-27507 GETSBBS Application of the Stretford process for H2S • abatement at the Geysers geothermal power plant 13 p0029 A77-12713 Geothermal power - The 'sleeper1 i n - t h e energy race 13 p0056 A77-15815 GLACIERS The Greenland hydropower as a source of '' • electrolytic hydrogen 15 p0285 A77-33116 GLAS S :A solar collector of glass 11 p0118 A77-21792 Performance measurements of a cylindrical glass •' honeycomo solar collector compared with predictions • '- [ A S H E PAP^H 76-HA/SOL-3] 14 p0188 A77-26508 Environmental considerations of selected energy conserving manufacturing process options. : •• Volume 11: Slass industry ' fPB-261277/5] , ' 15-p0381 S77-26688 Design problems associated with the use of. evacuated glass receivers for solar collectors rcOHF-7606128-11 15 p0393 N77-27536 GLASS FIBEH HBIHFOBCED PL1STICS . • Fiber glass super flywheels ' ..• • • • ' -'• ' .11 p0157.,A77.-22113 Materials and processing approaches to cost ' '• competitive wind turbine rotor blades • . 11 p0157 A77-22114 GLASS FIBERS Fiber composite program for flywheel applications '•' [UCRL-50033-76-1 ] 15 p0315 1177-22633 GLOBAL AIR POLLOZIOH • ' 'Atmospheric carbon dioxide variations at the South *i Pole ' . . 13 p0067 A77-18139 GLICOLS Anodic oxidation of ethylene glycol with noble metal alloy catalysts in fuel cell 15 p0260 A77-31171 -'Inhibited ethylene glycol as the solar nexus .. . 15 p0270 A77-32601 GOLD COATIHGS 'iParticulate nature of solar absorbing films - Gold black 11 p0163 A77-22982 GOVEBNBENT PBOCUBBHEHT United States Postal Service Electric Vehicle t Program 11 p0161 A77-22912 Beport of the Presidential task force on reform of > Federal Energy Administration regulations, volume 1 [PB-262181/1] 15 p0317 N77-22649 ^Federal support for the development of alternative automotive power systems: The general issue and the Stirling, diesel, and electric cases [PB-263523/3] 15 p0351 S77-23518 A federal procurement plan to accelerate use of solar energy [PB-263369/1] 15 p0356 S77-23618 Second quarterly report to OS Bouse and Senate Committees oa Appropriations .3 [PB-263418/6] 15 p0365 S77-24616 1-113 GOVEBFBEBT/IHDOSTBY BELATIOBS SUBJECT INDEX GOVEBHHBHT/IHDOSTBY BELATICBS The ERDA geothermal program 11 p0177 477-24603 Energy conservation in the investment policies of French firms. I - Formulation of the problem 15 P0321 477-39501 Analysis of state solar energy options fPB-254730/51 13 p0091 B77-10688 Influence of selected Federal statutes on enerqy development fBNHL-2084 (BAP-5) ] 15 p0346 N77-22638 Program definition for the development of geothermal energy. Volume 1: Background and program definition summary rNASA-CB-153221] 15 p0371 N77-25612 Program definition for the development of geotheriLal energy. Volume 2: Program definition development rationale and subprogram descriptions fHASA-CB-153222] 15p0371 1177-25613 Federal energy information gathering activities: A report to the President of the Onited states, and the Energy Resources Council tPB-262844/4J 15 P0374 N77-25668 GOVEBHHEHTS . Perspective on energy policy fPB-261736/3] 15 p0348 B77-22674 GBAIB BOOHDABIES Beducing grain-boundary effects in pclycrystalline silicon solar cells 13 p001U A77-11761 Reduction of grain boundary recombination in polycrystalline silicon solar cells 11 p0181 A77-25999 Efficiency calculations fcr thin-film polycrystalline semiconductor SchottXy barrier solar cells 15 p0258 477-30723 GBAIBS (FOOD) Grain drying in stationary bins nith solar heated air 13 p0019 A77-12411 GBAPBITE Carbon oxidation catalyst mechanism study for fuel cells fPB-256420/1] 13 p0115 1177-13,551 Preliminary assessment .of a geothermal energy reservoir formed by hydraulic fracturing ' [LA-UB-76-1672] 11 p0221 H77-19597 GfiSPBS (CBABTS) Experiences Kith a 100 vatt solar cell array in the Netherlands in the period December 1974-December 1975 14 P0151 A77-21850 Thermal accumulators --- latent heat storage 'system design ' 15 P0261 A77-31673 Combustion research at Sandia Laboratories fSAND-76-8511] 15 p0377 877-26253 •GBAVITATIOHAL EFFECTS Photovoltaic, gravitationally-stabilized solid-state, satellite sclar power station •' ' /GSS4PS/ [AIAA PAPEB 77-511] 14 p0173 477-23927 Application of gravitational energy exchange to tracked urban transit systems 14 p0200 A77-29468 68AVITI GBADIEBT SATELLITES Gravitationally stabilized satellite solar pover station in orbit 14 p0196 A77-28421 G8BAT BiSIH COS) Geothermal studies in northern Nevada 13 p0029 A77-12742 GREAT BBIT4II Windmills change direction British system-'' - utilizing offshore windmills and depleted north Sea fields 13 p0060 A77-16620 Energy policies of France, Britain, and Germany compared 15 p0263 A77-31572 GBEEIHODSE EFFECT Windowed versus windovless solar energy cavity receivers 13 p0037 A77-12808 GHEE B L A N D The Greenland hydropower as a source of electrolytic hydrogen C 15 p0285 477-33416 GROOVES Effects of one-sided heat input and removal on axially grooved heat pipe performance f A I A A PAP3B 77-191] 14 p0135 A77-19887 r Be-entrant groove heat pipe computerized design for OAO applications [4144 PAP/SB 77-773] 15 p0312 477-37280 ^ Axia l ly grooved heat pipes - 1976 C A I A 4 PAPiB 77-717] . 15 p0324 A77-39512 GBODND HAHDLISS I Some early perspectives on ground reguirements of ligiiid hydrogen air transports ( 15 p0281 A77-33391 Some early perspectives on ground .reguirements of i liguid hydrogen air transports 11 p0243 N77-21628 6BOUHD OPEBATIOHAL SOPPOBT SISTER Braxton isotope power system. Phase 1: (Ground demonstration system) Configuration Control Document (CQ» CTID-272S2J . 15 p0380 H77-26611 GBOOHD STATIOHS i Satellite comaunications for off-shore oil operations using HESTAB • t ' 13 p0053 477-15130 A small but important contribution to the German-American solar research programme 'Helios' i. 15 p0323 477-39125 GBOOID BiTZB Ground water as energy carrier ,(_ 15 p0302 A77-36347 Proceedings of Second Geopressured Geothermal Energy Conference. Volume 1:. Surface . ' . technology and resource utilization rCONF-760222-PI] 11 p0248 N77-21675 ^ .Contamination of groundwater by heavy metals f r o m the land disposal of fly ash TCOO-2727-4] . 15 p0357 S77-23631 GOLF OF BEXICO , Black magnetic spherule fallout in jthe eastern Gulf of daxico . ". . , - 13 p0052'477-14890 Geology and potential ,uses of the geopre'ssure resources.of the Gulf Coast [OCID-17163] 11 p0215' B77-18562 Preliminary investigation. Nonproducing 'gas reserves onshore United States and in t n e ~ G u l f of Mexico offshore state area,;as reported" in Federal.Commission form 15 . ' ' fPB-263434/3] ' ' ' 1 5 p0355 N77-23597 Proceedings of a workshop on environmental, oceanography of the Gulf of Mexico [OHO-5017-1] ' -' ' 15 P0386'B77-26787 GDHB DIODES . High-efficiency and high-peak-power InP .' , transferred-electron oscillators 15 p0289.A77-34366 HALITES A survey of salt deposits and salt caverns: Their relevance to the strategic petroleum reserve [PB-255948/2] 13 p0105 N77-12500 BALL EFFECT Electric power fluctuations in a HHD generator 15 p0269 A77-32432 Investigation of the Ball effect. in the plasma of an inductive high-freguency discharge 15 p0297 A77-36088 Tie influence of finite electrode segmentation on electrical performances of the Faraday HD : generator 15 p0309 A77-36936 Study of the maximum Hall voltages and interelectrode breakdown in the channel of an open-cycle HHD generator - A joint O.S.-O.S.S.B. experiment on the D02 facility HHD generator 15 p0329 A77-39554 Coupled electrical ajid fluid calculations in the cross plane in linear HHD generators 15 p0329 A77-39557 SUBJECT IBDBI BEAT GES3BATIOW HALL GEHBBiTOBS Performance theory of diagonal conducting wall MHD generators ' '- 13 p0001 A77-10202 BAL06BR COHPOOHDS - Hydrogen production by means of reactor heat using halogens and reversible electrochemical methods in a closed cycle process- • ! 15 p0276 A77-33350 BiHDBOOKS . - - Handbook-of gasifiers and gas treatment systems tFE-1772-11] 13 p0088 H77-10658 Flat-plate sclar collector handbook. A survey of principles, technical data and evaluation results r.DCID-17086] • 13 p0105 N77-12506 Solar cell array design handbook, volume 1 ' .rHASi-CB-149364] . . 13 p0118 N77-14193 Solar cell array design handbook, volume 2 [HASA-CB-149365] 13 p0118-H77-14194 EPA van operational manual • • CPB-259177/4] 14 P0233 H77-20608 Site energy handbook. Volume i: Methodology for enerqy survey and appraisal fBRDA-76-131/11 15 p0355 N77-23607 The analysis of subsidence associated with geothermal development. Volume 1: Handbook ? CPB-263692/6] . ' .15 p0369 H77-24714 Energy analysis handbook. CAC document 214 PCOO-2865-1] ' 15 p0372 N77-25635 BAIAII Geothermal energy in Hawaii - Hydrothermal systems 13 p0029 A77712741 Status report: Lawrence Livermore Laboratory'wind? energy studies , COCID-17157-11 14 p0221 H77-19588 A coordinated exploration program for geothermal sources on the island of Hawaii fPB-261691/0] . 15 p0350 N77-22685 Hawaii technology utilization experiment rDCID-17343V 15 p0398 N77-28038 HAZABDS - Snail scale tests on control methods for some liquefied natural gas hazards [AD-A033522] 15 p0341 N77-22293 HEALTH PBISICS • Occupational radiation exposure at light water cooled power reactors, 1969-1975 rPB-257054/71 13 p0125 H77-14740 HEAT BALABCE Contribution of the heat carried by solar radiation to the thermal balance of a room during the cold season and its effect on domestic fuel consumption 13 p0063 A77-17558 BEAT EICHABGEBS Heat-pipe regenerator for gas turbine engine 13 P0020 477-12528 Multipurpose insulation system for a radioisotope fueled Hini-Brayton Heat Source Assembly 13 p0022 'A77-12678 Investigation of heat exchanger flow arrangement on performance and cost in a geothermal binary cycle 13 p0029 A77-1274^ 6 Direct contact heat exchangers for geothermal' power plants 13 p0029 A7.7-r12747 Fluidized bed beat exchangers for geothermal - P applications " 13 p0029 A77-12748 Beat pipe heat exchanger design considerations 13 p0031 A77-12765 Analysis of parameters and characteristics of a bypass turbojet engine operating in a cycle with stepwise heat removal 13 p0063 'A77-17765 Heat exchangers for the Ocean Thermal Energy Power Plant 14 p0176 A77-24219 Operational-modes of solar heating and cooling systems : . 14 p0180 A77-25899 Optimal overall efficiency for a solar radiation collector utilizing a two fluid Bankine Cycle to generate.electrical power 14 p0182 A77-26056 Design and costs of high temperature thermal storage devices using salts or alloys P A P E R 76-BA/H1T341 14 p0187 A77-26481 Beat transfer considerations of a nonconvecting solar pond heat exchanger 1 [ASHE PAPBH 76-HA/SOL-4] 14 p0188 A77-26509 Automotive hydride tank design . 15 p0282 A77-33399 1 Development of low-power gas turbines with regenerative heat exchangers at BTO. I 15 p0289 A77-34122 Application of heat pipes to ground storage of solar energy [ A I A A PAPiiB 77-729] 15 p0324 A77-39507 Argon contamination associated with ceramic regenerative heat exchangers for closed cycle HHD 15 p0326 A77-39536 A heat capacitor for NBD electric power generation systems . ' 15 p0331 A77-39571 Metal dusting, corrosion in coal gasification . environments • ' • - . • 1 5 p0337 A77-40042 Analysis of a heat pipe exchanger 13 p0112'N77-13355 Comparative evaluation of solar heating alternatives fCOO-2703T2] 13 p0129 N77-15498 Investigation of heat exchanger flow arrangement on performance and cost in a geothermal binary cycle • [OC8L-78390] 14 p0221 H77-19587 Working fluid selection and preliminary heat exchanger .design for a Bankine cycle geotheroal power,plant ' [PB-261564/91 ' 15 p0349 N77-22684 Regenerative vapor cycle with isobutane as working fluid [PB-262704/OJ • 15 p0356 H77-23'622 Ceramic heat pipe heat exchangers rLA-6514-aS] . 15 p0361 N77-24431 A numerical model to evaluate the behavior of a regenerative heat exchanger at high temperature for maguetohydrodynamic generator CTH-76-E-66 ] 15 p0377 N77-26439 Preliminary failure modes, effects and Criticality Analysis (F&£C&) of the Brayton Isotope Power System (BIPS) ground demonstration system fTID-27301] 15 p0392 N77-27526 HEAT FLUX , Optimal control of flow in low temperature solar heat collectors ' 13 p0019.A77-12409 Geothermal flux through palagonitized, tephra, Surtsey, Iceland - The Surtsey , temperature-data-relay experiment via'L'andsat-1 - • 13 p0048 A77-13648 Irradiation field formation on the receiver .of 'precise1 aad 'unprecise1 solar concentrators 13 p0057 A77-16209 " A study of the economic feasibility of a thermal .. . energy storage system for solar heating applications using a PCH Phase Change Material [ASHE PAPiSB 76-WA/HT-63] 14 p0187 A77-26490 HEAT GEHBBATIOH Retorting of single oil shale blocks with nitrogen , and air 13 p0024 A77-12696 Increase in the efficiency of heat and power .- systems using large artificial accumulators of heat 13 p0064 A77-17939 Performance of two fixed-mirror solar concentrators for process heat 13 p0074 A77-19065 Combined gas/steam cycle power and heat generating plants 14 p0155 A77-22023 Energy assessment and possibilities of remote heat supply 15 p0338 A77-40350 .Flywheel-heat engine power for an energy-economic personal vehicle CBNHL-2006J 14 p0214 K77-18448 Investigation of the feasibility of using windpower for space heating in colder climates. The final design and manufacturing phase of the project •. (ERD&/HSF-00603/75/T1] 1 a p02l5 N77-18561 Two-phase flow in geothermal energy sources [TID-27129J 14 p0250 H77-21689 A-115 HB4T BE&SDEEHEHT SOBJECT IHDEI BSiT BEASDBEHEHT Besults of some geothermal studies in singhbham thrast belt, India 13 p0013 A77-11499 Calorimetry of large sclar concentrators 13 p0038 A77-12814 BEAT OF DISSOCIATION •Feasibility of hydrogen production by direct water splitting at high temperature 14 p0240 1177-21606 BEAT OF VAPOBIZATIOH Energy f rog humid air [ A I A A PAPEH 77-7301 15 p0311 A77-37253 BBiT PIPES Heat-pipe regenerator for gas turbine engine 13 p0020 A77-12528 Design analyses of a methane-based chemical heat pipe - 13 p0028 477-12737 The potential of the heat pipe in coal gasification processes 13 p0031 477-12763 Heat pipes for fluid-bed gasification of coal - Metallurgical condition of heat pipes after tests in process environment 13 p0031 A77-127_64 Heat pipe heat exchanger design considerations 13 p0031 A77-12765 Cooling arrays of circuit cards using heat pipes and forced air diffiisers 13 p0031 A77-12766 VEP heat pipes for energy storage Vapor Bubble Pumping 13 p0032 A77-12767 Heat pipe nuclear reactor for space power ' 13 p0036 A77-12797 Economic optimization of the energy transport component of a large distributed solar power plant 13 p0037 477-12807 Study of the properties of heat pipes with liquid-metal heat-transfer agents in : low-temperature regimes 13 p0046 477-13243 Investigation of the thermcphysical characteristics of low-temperature heat pipes with metal-fiber wicks 13 pOOSO 477-11321 Structural heat conductivity of fiber metal wicks for heat pipes 13 pOOSO A77-14326 ' Investigation of gas-contrclled heat pipes with reservoirs of constant and variable volume 13 pOOSO 477-11327 Gas release during long-term operation of heat pipes 13 pOOSO 477-11328 'Heat pipe theory and practice Book 13 p0052 477-11825 •Measurements of Sc I gf-values absorption spectroscopy using heat piPe oven 13 p0058 A77-16270 Status of development and application of gas-stabilized heat-pipe radiators [DGLB P4PEB 76-1921 13 p0060 A77-16557 The analysis of the temperature regimes of the operation of a gas-regulated heat pipe 13 p0061 477-17921 4 solar house with heat pipe collectors 13 p0070 A77-18598 Effects of one-sided heat input and removal on axially grooved heat pipe performance[ A I A A P A P E R 77-191] 14 p0135 477-19887 Heat pipes in flat plate solar collectors f A S B E P A P E B 76-HA/SOL-12] 11 p0189 477-26517 Solar collectors - Technology and principles of operation ' 14 p0197 477-28676 Thermodynamic analysis of alternate energy carriers, hydrogen and chemical heat pipes 15 p0279 A77-33374 Investigation of the flow and the temperature distribution in the vapor duct of a high-temperature beat pipe 15 p0306 A77-367081 Excess liguid in heat-pipe vapor spaces [ A I A A PAPEB 77-718] 15 p0311 A77-37261 Investigation of counterflow shear effects in heat pipes[ A I A A P A P E B 77-749] 15 P0311 477-37262 Performance gravity-assisted heat pipes operated at small tilt angles CAIAA PAPEfi 77-750] 15 p0311 A77-37263 The heat pipe heat bridge and thermal controller [ A I A A PAPEfi 77-751] 15 P0311 477-37264 A zero g variable conductance heat pipe using bubble pump injection [ A I A A PAPBfi 77-752] 15 P0311 477-37265 Two-phase working fluids for the temperature range 100-350 C in heat pipes for solar applications [4144 PAPEB 77-753] 15 p0312 477-37266 The multistage heat pipe radiator - An advancement in passive cooling technology [ A I A A PAPEB-77-760] 15 p0312 A77-37271 Be-entrant groove heat pipe computerized design for OAO applications [ A I A A PAPEB 77-773] 15 P0312 A77-37280 Controllability analysis for passively and actively controlled heat pipes [ A I A A PAPEB 77-776] 15 p0312 477-37281 A precise satellite thermal control system using cascaded neat pipes [ A I A A PAPEi 77-777] 15 p0312 A77-37282 A structured surface for high performance evaporative aeat transfer [AIAA PAP2B 77-778] 15 p0312 A77-37283 Study of the characteristics of convective heat transfer in cylindrical solar energy receivers by solving the conjugate problem of heat exchange 15 P0316 A77-37771 Investigation of the 'crisis' of heat and mass transfer in low-temperature wickless heat pipes 15 p0316 477-37927 Application of heat pipes to ground storage of solar energy [ A I A A PAPEd 77-729] 15 P0324 477-39507 4xially grooved heat pipes - 1976[4I4A PAPEfl 77-747] 15 p0321 477-39512 Development of a low temperature phase change material package for spacecraft thermal control [ 4 I A A PAPEB 77-762] 15 p0325 A77-39511 An investigation of condensation heat transfer in a closed tube containing a soluble noncondeasable gas [NAS4-CB-149i)95l 13 P0085 N77-10465 Test program for transmitter experiment package and heat pipe system for the communications technology satellite [N4SA-TM-X-34551 13 p0095 D77-11268 Investigation of performance limits in axial groove heat pipes [NASA-CH-137912] 13 P0095 N77-11340 Heat pipe materials compatibility [ NASA-CB-135J69] 13 P0103 N77-12182 Analysis of a beat pipe exchanger 13 p0112 H77-13355 Flight data analysis and further development of variable-conductance heat pipes [NASA-CB-137953] 13 p0118 H77-14374 Computer program grade 2 for the design and analysis of neat-pipe wicks [NiSA-CB-137954] 13 p0118 N77-14375 Heat pipes, volume 2 conference proceedings, Bologna, 31 Bar. - 2 Apr . 1976 [ESA-SP-112-VOL-2] 13 p0119 N77-14378 Extended cryogenic performance of Lobar Wick heat pipe/radiator 13 p0119 N77-14379 Operation peculiarities of low temperature heat pipes witii crimped capillary structure 13 p0119 N77-14330 Heat pipes tor the temperature range from 200 to 600 C noting sulfur with iodine additive as working fluid 13 p0119 N77-14381 Some features of start-up of alkali metal heat pipes 13 P0119 S77-14383 Investigations of nonsteady-state processes at cryogenic neat pipe operation filled with ammonia and Freon-22 13 p0119 N77-14384 Transfer function analysis of heat pipes 13 p0119 N77-14385 netting and surface properties of refrigerants to be used in heat pipes surface tension and wall contact angles 13 p0119 N77-14386 A-116 SUBJECT IHDKI HEAT 3OOBCES Heat.pipes with a non-condensable qas and their application in nuclear apparatus and instruments 13 p0120 N77-14387 Heat pipes for the trans-Alaska pipeline 13 p0120 N77-14388 The International Heat Pipe Experiment Black Brant sounding rocket payload zero gravity experiment 13 p0120 N77-K4389 Development of space applications of heat pipes at Aerospatiale 13 p0120 N77-14390 Heat pipe and space radiator developments 13 p0120 N77-11391 Development of thermal control methods for specialized components and scientific instruments at very low temperatures (follow-on) fHASA-CR-150152] 13 p0127 N77-15317 Thermodynamic analysis of alternate energy carriers, hydrogen and chemical heat pipes . 11 p0240 N77-21608 An investigation of electrohydrodynamic heat pipes rHASA-CB-1519771 15 p0342 N77-22422 Design considerations for capillary heat pipes at cryogenic temperatures COBNL-HIT-281 ' 15 p0361 [177-24130 Ceramic heat pipe heat exchangers fLA-6511-MS] 15 P0361 077-21431 HEAT POBPS Some features of the operation of a solar installation acting as a low-temperature source of heat for a heat pump 13 p0015 A77-11921 Geothermal powered heat pumps to produce process heat 13 p0030 A77-12754 A unique Bankine-cycle heat pump system 13 p0036 A77-12799 Solar-powered Eankine-cycle heat pump system 13 p0036 A77-12800 Energy and environmental considerations in extending heat pump applications 13 p0062 A77-17058 Solar space teating and cooling with Bi-heat source heat pump and hot water supply system .14 p0158 A77-22613 Operational report on an-integrated solar-assisted optimized heat pump system 11 p0171 A77-23658 Possible applications of geothermal energy in France 11 P0175 A77-24208 solar energy and the steam Bankine cycle for driving and assisting heat pumps in heating and cooling nodes 14 p0177 A77-24571 The proper use of thermal storages for a solar assisted heat pump heating system [JSME PAPEB 76-»A/HT-76] 14 P0187 A77-26492 Thermal simulation of a building with solar assisted closed liquid loop unitary heat pumps [ASHE PAPER 76-WA/SOL-23] 14 p0190 A77-26528 Gas^fired heat pumps - An emerging -technology 14 p0195 A77-27891 Heat pumps in solar installations 15 p0337 A77-39987 Commercial building unitary heat pump system with solar heating [•pB-255488/9] 13 p0099 S77-11551 Evaluation of the air-to-air heat pump for residential space conditioning fPB-255652/01 13 p0108 S77-12545 Solar assisted heat pumps: A possible wave of the future [HASA-CB-2771] 13 p0121 877-14584 Solid state applications of direct energy conversion and heat pumping for a small automotive vehicle TAD-A026321] 13 p0124 H77-14607 Comparative evaluation of solar heating alternatives [COO-2703-2] 13 p0129 H77-15498 Solar assisted heat pump demonstration project, phase 1 [PB-259289/7] 14 p0217 H77-18589 Development of the ice-maker heat pump [CONF-760618-2] 14 p0223 H77-19624 Experimental results for a heat pump system with thermal storage [COO-2704-3} 14 p0250 H77-21697 Application of the ice-maker heat pump to an annual cycle energy system fCONF-761107-13] 15 p0382 H77-26659 HEAT BADIATOBS Use of transparent heat reflecting coatings in 1 solar energy converters 15 p0285 A77-33430 •The multistage heat pipe radiator - An advancement in passive cooling technology . [ A I A A PAPE3 77-760] 15 p0312 A77-37271 Development of thermal control methods for specialized components and scientific [ instruments at very low temperatures (follow-on) rNASA-CB-150152] 13 p0127 N77-15347 Composite material structures for i thermophotovoltaic conversion radiator [AD-A026859] 13 p0132 N77-15519 HEAT BESISTiUI ALLOYS 'Superalloys for advanced energy systems 13 p0061 A77-16824 Superalloys - rheir use and requirements in •• advanced energy systems 14 p0196 A77-28322 Laboratory investigation of high temperature alloy failure mechanisms > 15 p0271 A77-32608 HEAT SIBKS 'Relationship between heat source temperature, heat sink temperature and coefficient of performance for solar-powered absorption air conditioners i 14 p0168 A77-23446 .Solar energy subsystems employing isothermal heat sink materials -. [PB-258733/4] 14 p0233 N77-20616 HEAT SOOBCES •Electricity and heat production - Energy efficiency versus cost efficiency 13 p0011 A77-11338 iSome features of the operation of a solar installation acting as a low-temperature source of heat for a heat pump 13 p O O I S A77-11924 cdultipurpose insulation system for a radioisotope fueled Hini-Brayton Heat Source Assembly 13 p0022 A77-12678 Hydrogen separation and compression through hydride formation and dissociation by low-level heat 13 p0032 A77-12770 Isotope heat source for dynamic power systems 13 p0036 A77-12796 Development of a small radioisotopic heat source 13 p0042 A77-12852 -Spherical radioisotope thermoelectric generators - " An approach to high specific power devices 13 p0042 A77-12857 Geothermal sources and their utilization 13 p0055 A77-15803 Application of solar energy in the high-temperature range 13 p0063 A77-17636 Belationship between heat source temperature, heat a sink temperature and coefficient of performance for solar-powered absorption air conditioners 14 p0168 A77-23446 -water splitting - A progress report hydrogen production using high temperature gas-cooled reactor 15 p0274 A77-33330 Design of an ocean thermal energy plant ship to produce anaemia via hydrogen ' 15 p0274 A77-33335 ,Hydrogen production from coal using a nuclear heat source 15 P0275 A77-33339 The outlook for more efficient fuel utilization in generation of process heat 15 p0294 A77-35400 .Analysis of ceramic materials for impact members in isotopic neat sources [BMI-X-670] 14 p0210 H77-17246 Technical and economic aspects of potential US district aeating systems fBHL-21287] 14 p0232 N77-20594 Preliminary failure modes, effects and Criticality ( Analysis JF&ECA) of the Brayton Isotope Power ' System (BIPS) ground demonstration system [TID-27301] 15 p0392 1177-27526 A-117 BEAT STOBAGB SUBJECT IHDEZ HEAT STOBACE ' • - . - • ' • Thermal energy storage applied to residential heating systems . 13 p0027 A77-12729 Storage in oil of off-peak thermal energy from, large power stations 13 p0027 -A77-12730 Thermal energy storage for solar power plants ' . 13 p0027 A77-.12731 Thermal energy storage considerations for solar-thermal power generation 13 p0027 A77-12732 Industrial energy conservation through integration of thernal energy storage into process energy- ' dynamics ' ' . - > ' 13 p0028 A77.-12733 Thermochemical energy storage systems \ ' ' 13 p0028 A77-12738 in evaluation of the use of metal hydrides for ! solar thermal energy storage 13 p0028 A77-12739 HTCSOS - A solar heating, cooling and energy. • •-• conversion system based on metal hydrides 13 .p0029 A77-12-740 VBP heat pipes for energy storage Vapor Bubble Pumping' • • • 13 p0032 A77-12767 Short and long tern comparison of solar absorption air-conditioning system performance using real and synthetic Heather data 13 p0039 A77-12824 Thermal energy storage for heating and air ' '• ' conditioning ' 13 p0057 A77-16206 Transient behavior of solid sensible heat thermal storage units for sclar energy systems . - . - • . " 13 p0057 A77-16208 A central sclar energy utilization system 13 pOOS7 A77-16r210 Increa'se in t-he efficiency of heat and power systems using large artificial accumulators of heat .. ' 13 p0064 A77-17939 Parametric studies of the thernal trap flat plate collector ' . •, 13 p0068 A77-18443 An inflatatle solar concentrator for a high" . • . temperature storage system . . • ' ' 13 p0074 A77-19064 Design and 'performance of thermal storage water tank • • • 13 p0075 A77-19079 Problems relating to heat storage —- at solar ' thermal power plant ' ' • : " ' - . . ' i : : . ' .14 p0152 A77-'21826 Otilization of solar radiation1 in large solar ' • power plants with hydraulic storage . ; ' ' . ,'1 PO'1.52 A77-21827 • Energy storage in the form of latent heat • .' 14 P0157 A77T22'350 Operational report on an integrated solar-assiste'd optimized beat pump system ' " ' ' ' ' " ' 11 P0171 A77-23658 Storage'tanks - A numerical experiment —- for solar heating 11 p0180 A77-25898 Optimal1overall efficiency for a solar'radiation ' collector utilizing a two fluid Bankine. Cycle'to generate electrical power . . . - ' ' '. • ' ' '• 1i('p0182 A77-26056 Design and costs of high temperature thermal storage devices using .salts or alloys [ASHE P A P E B 76-BA/HT-34] Hi p0187 A77-26481 Solar heating thermal storage feasibility ' "' • [ASHE PAPEB 76-iA/HT-36} 14 p0187 A77-26483 A pressurized liguid concept for solar-thermal '. '> energy storage for the 24-hour continuous . operation of an energy conversion system - '."- [ASHE PAPEB 76-BA/BT-38) 11 p0187 A77-26484 A study of the economic feasibility.of a thermal' energy storage system for solar heating applications using a PCH Phase Change Haterial [ASHE PAPEB 76-BA/HT-63) 14 p0187.A77-26490 Description of thetmal storage sob-system designs • for EBDA's 10-HBe Solar Central Beceiver Pilot- Plant • . ' • [AS_HE PAPEB 76-BA/BT-68] 14 p0187 A77-26491 The proper use of thermal storages for a solar • assisted heat pnip heating system [ASHE PAPBB 76-BA/HTr76] . 14 p0187 477-26*92 Collectors, pipelines, and heat storage units male of plastics 14 P02P2 A77-29567 Physical^ cnemical, and technological principles of latent heat storage 14 p0203 A77-29571 Thermal accumulators latent heat storage ! system design 15 p0264 A77-.31673 Freeze protection for solar collectors 15 p0303 A77-36350 Solar collection systems - The rationale 15 p0304 A77-36426 Thermal storage - A sleeping giant 15 p0304 A77-36427 Sandia studies for EBDA central receiver thernal -. -electric powar project Solar generating system , 15 p0318 H77-38208 Solar energy as- contribution to the energy budget - Problems of storage' . 1 5 p0336 A77-39986 Two component thermal energy storage material [PB-252592/1] • 13 p0090 N77-10675 Besearch on solar energy storage subsystems utilizing tha latent heat of phase change of - paraffin aydrocarbons for the heating and cooling of buildings [PB-254665/31 ' ' 13 p0091 H77-10689 Outdoor pecrormance results for UBS Round Robin • collector no. 1 ' [ N A S A - T a - X - 7 J 5 4 7 1 . 13 p0106 N77-12520 Temperature distribution of a hot water storage tank in. a simulated solar heating and cooling , system . [NASA-Tn-.I-7JS49] 13 p0106 N77-12521 . Solar energy subsystems employing isothermal heat- sink, materials - - f PB-258738/lil 14.p0233 N77-20616. Experimental results for a heat p u m p system with thermal storage [COO-2704-3] 14 p0250 N77-21697 , Bole of the ieat storage well future U.S. .energy systems ..[PB-263480/6] 15 p0367-N77-24634 Dnited States special format report: Report, of the Phoenii Corporation, city of Colorado' Springs Solar Heating Project : : [SE-4578-76/1 ] • 15 p0373 N77-25647 By_dration-iahyaration cycling of MgO-Hg(OH) 2 for 'application to solar heat storage systems . [AI-EBDA-131781 15 p0381 H7y-26654 Experimental test'of gas heat transfer system, for , hydroxide heat storage .- ' fAI-EBDA-131761 15 p0381 N77-26655 Simulation study -of several solar heating systems with.offpeak auxiliary -[COHF-760842-131 ' 15 p0393 N77-27534 BEAT IBABSFEB Heat transfer - A review of 1975 literature 13 p0002 A77-1061.5 Performance analysis of a cylindrical.parabolic focusing collector and comparison 'with • experimental- results 13 p0019 A77-124-10 Central station solar electric power using liguid metal heat transport . ' 13 PP037 A77-12806 Future'energy production systems: Heat 'and mass transfer processes. Volume 1 Book 13 p0056 A77-16201 Heat and mass transfer for solar energy utilization - . 13 p0057,A77-16205 Heat transfer and resistance in the flow of noneguilibrium dissociating nitrogen dioxide ./•.:' , 13 p0058 A77-16213 A generalized indicator characterizing the hydrodynamics and heating efficiency of subterranean thermal circulation systems 13 p0058 A77-16306 Beat transfer problems associated with laser fusion 13 p0068 A77-18401 Temperature optimization for power production of infinite heat transfer solar absorbers'- 13 p0073 A77-19055 Slag interaction phenomena on HHD generator electrodes [AIAA PAPEB 77-109] 14 p0135 A77-19833 A-116 SUBJECT IHDEI HEATING Effects of one-sided beat input and removal on axially grooved heat pipe performance fAIAA PAFEB 77-191] 11 p0135 477-19887 Future energy production systems: Heat and mass transfer processes. VcluBe 2 Book 14 p0174 A77-24201 Problems of heat and uass transfer in geothermal energetics 114 p0174 i77-2»202 Some aspects of heat and mass transfer in qeothermal veils 14 p0175 A77-24209 Heat and mass transfer problems associated with alternative energy production 10 p0176 A77-2U216 Solar powered absorption cycle simulation using real and stochastic weather data fASME PAPER 76-«A/sOL-6 ] 11 P0188 A77-26511 Heat transfer problems in flat plate collectors * 14 p0202 A77-29570 Design application of the Hottel-Whillier-Bliss equation for flat-plate solar collector heat testing 15 p0255.A77-30309 Splar-heatedrair receivers of solar/gas turbine electrical generation plant design 15 p0255 A77-30312 Opt imum solar collector operation for maximizing cycle w c r k output 15 p0255 A77-30313 Heat transfer analysis of metal hydrides in metal-hydrogen secondary batteries 15 p0278 177-33363 The behavior of iron titanium hydride test beds - Long-term effects, beat transfer and modeling 15 p0280 A77-33386 Two-phase working fluids for the temperature range 100-350 C in heat pipes for solar applications fAIAA PAPEB 77-753] 15 p0312 A77-37266 Re-entrant groove heat pipe computerized design for OAO applications UIAA PSPEE 77-773] 15 p0312 A77-37280 A structured surface for high performance evaporative heat transfer [AIAA PAPER 77-778] 15 p0312 A77-37283 Investigation cf the 'crisis' of heat and mass transfer in low-temperature wickless heat pipes 15 p0316 A77-37927 Heat and mass transfer analysis of Bacon-type hydrogen-oxygen fuel cells - The volume average velocity 15 p0321 A77-38531 An investigation of condensation heat transfer in a closed tube containing a soluble ooncondensable gas [NASA-CB-149095] 13 p0085 S77-10465 Selected aspects of waste heat management [PB-254401/3] 13 p0109 N77-12568 The structure cf building specifications fPB-257581/9] 13 P0132 N77-15524 Petrology and geochemistry of hydrothermal alteration in borehole Hesa 6-2, East Hesa geothermal area. Imperial Valley, California FPB-258871/3] 14 P0215 N77-18541 Ocean thermal energy conversion opportunities [aKWL-SA-5808] 14 p0217 N77-18581 Storage of thermal energy in molten salts and metals rNASA-TT-P-17412] 14 p0220 N77-19574 Extracting energy from hydraulically-fractured geothermal reservoirs [LA-UR-76-848] 14 p0221 N77-19598 Heat transfer analysis of metal hydrides in metal-hydrogen secondary batteries 14 p0239 H77-21597 The behavior of iron titanium hydride test beds: Long-term effects, beat transfer and modeling 14 p0242 N77-21621 Regenerative vapor cycle with iscbutane as working fluid [PB-262704/0] 15 p0356 H77-23622 Design considerations for capillary heat pipes at cryoqenic temperatures CORNL-n lT-28] 15 p0361 N77-24430 Mathematical modelling of single-phase nonisothermal fluid flow through porous media [PB-262884/0] 15 p0362 N77-24577 Evaluation of an all-glass, evacuated, tubular, non-focusing, non-tracking solar collector array CTID-27192] 15 p0364 N77-24600 Experimental test of gas heat transfer system for hydroxide heat storage [AI-EBD4-13176] 15 p0381 H77-26655 Survey of technology for storage of thermal energy in heat transfer salt tORNL-Ifl-5682] 15 p0392 H77-27513 Computer simulation of geothermal reservoirs rPB-265104/0] 15 p0395 H77-27564 BEAT TEABSPEfi COEFFICIENTS Investigation of heat exchanger flow arrangement on performance and cost in a geothermal binary cycle 13 p0029 A77-12746 Direct contact heat exchangers for geothermal power plants 13 p0029 A77-12747 Metal hydrides of improved heat transfer characteristics 13 p0033 A77-12775 Effect of heat transfer from lateral surfaces of semiconductor thermoelements on the power output of thermoelectric converters 13 p0058 A77-16324 The analysis of the temperature regimes of the operation of a gas-regulated heat pipe 13 p0064'A77-17924 Focusing collectors of solar radiation 14 p0150 A77-21808 Thermal energy of oceans 14 p0153 A77-21833 Free thermal convection in qeothermal fields - Physical understanding and mathematical modeling 14 p0174 A77-24204 Gas-solid haat transfer coefficients in beds of crushed oil shale 14 p0196 A77-28472 HEAT TEANSniSSIOB Heat transport in geothermal systems 14 p0174 A77-24203 The heat pipe aeat bridge and thermal controller [ A I A A PAPSB 77-751] 15 p0311 A77-37264 Geothermal a and D project report [ANCB-1283J 13 p0124 N77-14605 Technical prospects for commercial and residential distribution and utilization of hydrogen 14 p0245 N77-21642 BEAT TBEATSEHT Reactivity ueat-treated coals in hydrogen for synthetic methane production 14 p0198 A77-28777 Accelerated aeat-aging studies on fluororubber in various media 15 p0264 A77-31750 Thermal alteration experiments on organic matter from recent marine sediments in relation to petroleum genesis 15 p0298 A77-36254 Heat treatment of refuse for increasing anaerobic, biodegradability [PB-252924/6J 13 p0101 N77-11577 HEAT BBS An optimization approach to the design of the preheater for a magnetobydrodynamic powerplant 15 p0318 A77-38207 BEATIBG The wind and its effect on the heating requirements 13 p0009 A77-11266 American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Semiannual Meeting, Dallas, Tex., February 1-5, 1976, Proceedings 14 p0167 A77-23438 Design, faorication, testing, and delivery of a solar energy collector system for residential heating and cooling rNASA-CR-150032] 13 p0086 N77-10638 Evaluation of the air-to-air heat pump for residential space conditioning [PB-255652/0] 13 p0108 N77-12545 Feasibility of heating domestic hot water for apartments with solar energy [AD-A028418] 14 p0209 H77-16461 Economic study of solar total energy [SAND-76-5291] 14 p0216 H77-18574 Application of chemical dehumidification system to a roof fan house at Hichoud Assembly Facility at New Orleans, Louisiana [NASA-CB-149888] 14 p0228 N77-20560 A-119 HBATISG EQUIEBEHT SOBJECT IHDEX Proceedings of an EPEI Workshop on Technologies for Conservation and Efficient Use of Electric Energy. Vclume 1: Overview [PB-2611(69/1 ] 14 p0230 H77-20577 Technical and economic feasibility of US district heating systems using waste heat from fusion reactors rBHL-50516] 14 P0232 877-20606 Proceedings of First Semiannual EPBI Solar Program Beview Meeting and Workshop. Volume 1: Solar heating and cooling of buildings TPB-2605911/7] 11 p0252 H77-21721 Thermal energy storage for building heating and cooling applications fQENL-TB-5700] 15 p0344 H77-22617 Heating oils, 1976 I rBEBC/PPS-76/4] 15 p0344 N77-22626 Annua l cycle energy system: Initial investigations [OBHL-TB-5525] 15 P0364 N77T24599 H A T S U N : A solar heating simulation and economic evaluat ion-program , [HP-213071 15 p036 • • [PB-2593E1/53 ' 'l ' 14 p0228'H77-20197 Results of closed cycle MHD power generation test with a helium-cesium working fluid ; CHASA-TH-X-73621] 15 p0357.N77-23936 ' Comprehensive report and investigation on helium uses . rPB-263515/9] . 15 p0370 N77-25280 Helium research in support of superconducting power transmission rPB-265C76/0] . 15 p0390 N77-27326 HELIOH ISOTOPES The nature and characteristics of the distribution of helium and argon isotopes in the geothermal waters of the Kuril Islands and Kanchatka 13 pOOilS A77-13589 HELIOB-BEOH LASEBS Influence of the spatial inhomogeneity of the field and amplifying.medium on the energy characteristics of a gas laser 15 p0289 A77-34221 BIEBABCHIES A parametric analysis of the structure of international energy consumption 15 p0298 A77-36242 HIGH ALTITUDE BAL1OOBS Oltralightweight solar array for Haval Sea Control Systems . ... 13.pOOl6-A77-12828 HIGH COBBER? Ultra high-current superconducting cables for a 2.2-tesla, 300-kilojoule energy storage magnet 14 p0144 A77-21391 HIGH FBBQOEHCIBS Monitoring fluid flow by using high-frequency electromagnetic probing [DCEL-519793 13 p0120 N77-14393 HIGH PASS FILIEBS 'Waveguide high pass filter for thermal conversion of solar energy 13 p0073 A77-19054 HIGH PBBSSOBE Bater electrolysis under pressure - Improvement of energy efficiency by temperature increase 15 p0277 A77-33360 Performance characteristics of a high-pressure, moderate temperature, electrolysis system for hydrogen-based enerqy storage ' ' 15 p0277 A77-33361 A wind energy system utilizing high pressure electrolysis as a storage mechanism 15 p0279 A77-33376 Particulate sampling at high temperature and high pressure of coal conversion processes 15 p0293 A77-35172 Performance characteristics of a high-pressure, moderate 'temperature, electrolysis system 14 p0238 N77-21595 A. wind energy system utilizing high pressure electrolysis as a storage mechanism 14 p0240 N77-21610 HIGH SPEED High-speed flywheels as possible energy'storaqe devices in tue future 13 p0056 A77-15856 HIGH STBBNGTH SIEBLS •Selection of structural materials for hydrogen pipelines and storage vessels 15 p0281 A77-33390 HIGH TEHPEBATOHB Electrochemical power and hydrogen generation from high temperature electrolytic cells 13 p0025 A77-12709 Transient performance characteristics of a high temperature distributed solar collector field 13 p0037 A77-'12810 ' Cost optimal deployment of mirrors associated with 1 a high temperature solar energy system 14 p0181 A77-25901 Design and "costs of1 high temperature thermal storage devices using 'salts or alloys ' [ A S M E PAPEB 76-WA/HT-34] 14 p0187 A77-26481 Particulate sampling at high temperature and high • pressure of coal conversion processes 15 p0293. A77-35172 ' Survey of high temperature thermal energy storage [SAHD-75-8063 ] 13 p0088'K77-10655 High temperature gas turbine engine component materials testing program • ~ [FE-1765-71 13 p0127 K77-15401 HIGB TEHPEHATUBE AIB Progress on tha testing of refractories for • ~ directly-fired HHD air heater service. II 15 p0328 A77-39544 Ignition and combustion behavior of pulverized coal jets in hot oxidizing atmospheres for HHD systems 15 p0331 A77-39568 HIGH TEHPEBATUSE ENVIBONHEBTS Silicon solar cell development for concentrated-sunlight, high-temperature applications • [SASD-76-5311 ] 15 p0380 N77-26647 HIGH TEHPEBAIUBE FLDIDS Geothermal aot water pump for use in reservoirs [PB-261741/3] 14 p0251 H77-21711 HIGH TBBPEBATOBE SAS COOLED BEACTOBS The helium turoine - A power station of the future 14 p0138 A77-20951 Competitively.priced hydrogen via high-efficiency nuclear electrolysis 14 p0171 A77-23720 Hydroretorting of oil shale with nuclear process heat C A S B E PAPEB 76-BA/EHEB-3] 14 p0185 A77-26432 A-121 HIGH TEHPEBATUBB GASES .SOBJECT I8DEI Description, output and development prospects of a 750 C helium direct cycle nuclear pover plant with a single turbomachine and intermediate • coolinq • [ASHE PAPEB 77-GT-2] It p0197 A77-28522 Hydrogen production process by means of nuclear energy 15 p0273 A77-33327 Water splitting - A progress report hydrogen production using higH temperature gas-cooled reactor 15 p0274 477-33330 Hydrogen production from coal using a nuclear heat source .15 p0275 A77-33339 Efficiency and cost advantages of an advanced-technology nuclear electrolytic hydrogen-energy production facility 15 p0302 A77-36344 Dual purpose nuclear pover plants for military installations TAD-A026HI.1] - 13 p0132 N77-15521 HIGH TEHPBBATUBE GASES . ;.Evaporation of solution droplets in a hiqh-temperature medium potassium carbonate* - - . BHD flow properties 13 p0046 A77-1325U Evaporation of a drop of solution in a high-temperature medium r— potassium carbonate MHD flow properties . . , , ' . 1 5 p0263 477-31534 Oxidation-erosion of materials in high velocity- hot gases ... , , 1.5 p0270 A77-32604 Laser anemometry in high velocity, high temperature hcundary layers . . . . . ' . . 1 5 p0288 477-33708 High temperature gas turbine engine . . [FE-1765-8] 13 p0120 H77-14488 HIGH TEHPEBATDEE HDCLEAB BEACTOBS Energy storage via calcium hydride .production.. - 13 p0032 477-12774 Environment and energy production after the .year . . ... 2000 . . . , .13 p0056 A77-16203 Coal gasification .and its relation to tested power i plants ' . . 14. p0136 477-20074 Gasification of coal and its future aspects , , • .regarding the use of heat from high-temperature nuclear-reactors " " . . . ' - . - , ' . , , ' i , . ' 14 P0175 A77-24210 ,Design studies of the hydrogasification of coal . . ' „ .. .14 p0175 477-24214 .The, concept of 'nuclear hydrogen production' and progress of work in the Nuclear Research Center. _ , Juelich . . ' 1 5 P0273 477-33328 ' • -Gasification of coal and its future aspects regarding the use of heat f rom high-temperature nuclear reactors . riliIS-MF-1965} 13 pOOSI N77-10228 HIGH TEHPESATOEE EESEABCB , . S h o c k tube for investigations of high-temperature BHD generators 13 p0054 477-15665 Path of development and'developmental status of the lignite hiqh-temperature coking process 'in .the DDE - 4n example of effective utilization of lignite'as energy vehicle 14 p0163 477-23096 Hydrogen production with HOT ELL! high temperature vapor phase-electrolysis of water 15 p0269 477-32404 Processing of experiaental data with the 0-25 facility with the aid of a data measuring system ' -— BHD generator 15 p0269 477-32521 Practical reasons for investigating ion transport in high temperature insulating materials —.— for energy conversion efficiency rcOBF-760831-21 11 p0227 H77-19935 Feasibility of hydrogen production by direct water splitting at high temperature 14 p0240 H77-21606 4n investigation of hydrogen production from water at high temperatures 14 p0240 'H77-21607 HIGH TEBPEBATBBE TESTS • " , ' . • ' , Electrode-connecting material as a central --:- • component of high-temperature fuel cells. II - Investigation of selected high-conductivity mixed oxides . - -. ' . 13 p0056 477-15817 The evaluation of electrode materials.for slag coated BUD channels . ., 15 p0328 A77-395II5 Study of the max imum Hall voltages and , - interelectroae breakdown in the channel of an open-cycle flflD generator - A joint. U.S.-O.S.S. B. •experiment on the OO2 facility ,BHD generator 15 p0329 A77.-39554 T h e - 2 7 5 deg C microcircuitry.: Resistors, capacitors, conductors, substrates, arid bonding [SAMD-.76-a611 ] * 15 p0389 N77-27312 HISH VOLTAGES ' . . . • . ' . . ' . The lensed higa-voltage vertical mult'i junction solar cell '. : • ' . - 13 pO.069 A77-'18489 Sew analysis of a high-voltage, vertical -multijunction solar cell ' . . . , . • ' . . - . . .1.3 p0069 477-18490 Reply to '.Sew analysis of a high.-voltage vertical multijunction solar cell' •' . ". ' " ' . 13 p0069 A77-18491 High-voltage paotoelectric converters opera'ting at high intensities of solar flux 14 pO,154 477-21851 Repetitive series Interrupter II . [4D-4035267] . • . 15 p0371 N77-,25H!>7 HISH W4IS " . " ' 4ir. guality considerations in transportation •,.,• planning: Findings and recommenda'tions on transportation control planning,, phase 2 , : [PB-25642i|/3J " 13 p0110 N77-12576 HISIOHIBS . ' - ' . . a ' . Historical treads in coal utilization and^-supply [PB-261278/6] -15 p0341 N77-22295 .HOHBICOHB SIBBCIOBES . ' ' ' ' "• , T . ; . ' . ' " ' Use of Lexan .and Kapton hpneycpmbs to increase' solar collector efficiency . . . - • i - ~ , ' . .. 13 pp068 477-18448 . .Performance measurements of a cylindrical glass honeycomb solar collector.compared with predictions . ' . . . . ' - . • f 4 S B E P4PEB 76-B4/SOL-3] 14 p0188 A77-26508 Transparent glass honeycomb structures for energy loss control for solar collectors [SAN/1084-75/1]. . '.1.4 p0248 K77-2,1673 'Development'of plastic honeycomb flat-plate sol'ar collectors " . ' . - , . • • CSAN/1081-76/1 ] - '" 1'5 p0372 S77-25640 HOSPITALS . Solid-waste incineration and energy recovery in. Automotive hydride tank design 15 p0282 A77-33399 Automotive hydride tank design • • : • • • - • •' -' •- v'. ' - ' • ! • 14 p0244 im-21637 Hydrogen 'compatibility'of structural materials for '' ' energy'storage and transmission;applications rsAND-76-8255] 15 P0395N77-27553 .HYDHOBBOHIC'iCiD ; '• l : ' Hydrogen producing cycles using electricity and heat - Hydrogen halide cycles: 'Electrolysis of'-'HBr - •'*•"•';•'>••'•.'"' 14 p0171 A77-23719 HYDBOCABBCB CCBBOSTION '• :- ' •'' ' '• * Fluidised coal combustion - What can be done now - - ' • . - ' . ' ''''•';' ," 7',; '''' 1t P0191 A77-27285 Improved-acid 'electrolytes''for the hydrocarbon-air . fuel cell . '' ' ' ' • ' • * " - • •'." 14 p0195A77-28166 Whatever 'happened to t!he: tian'kel^engine • - • ,; ' "•--'••••'• ' ••'• • ->' '-• 15'p,0272 A77-33125 Aviation transportation and atmospheric pollution ' ' r'OHEEi,- IP "NO. 1977-791 ~'~: ' 15 p032'1 A77-38533 The oxidant formation potential.of emissions from ' "" catalyst'-'eguipped vehicles '• •• ' ^ . 15 P0333-A77-39596 Burner desig'n 6'ri'teria 'for 'control- of ;NOx''from' ,. natural rgas .combustion. Volume 1: ''Data aria'lysis 'and summary of conclusions fPB-254167/0] . 13 p0091'877-10686 , Burner design criteria'"f or Jcontrol'"of *NOx from '" ' natural gas'combustion- Volume 2: Baw data and experimental results ., . fPB,-256806/1 1 ; ' ,'. 13 p01.15 N77-13549 HIDBOCiBBON FUE1 PBODOCTIOB " ' "' ' Hydrocarbon fuels, from oil shale .. ' ' * : - -; '.'',.' 13 P0023 A77-12692 .- In tsitu combustion of Michigan'"oil 'shale - Current field studies . . . 13 p0024 A77-12695 Retorting of single oil shale, blocks with 'nitrogen and air 13 p0024 A77-12696 Nuclear power for .the production of synthetic fuels and feedstocks 13 p0035 A77-12790 Hydrocarbon cracking developments in the DDE 14 p0164 A77-23098 Shale oil, tar sands, and related fuel sources Book 14 p0169 A77-23551 . Characteristics of synthetic crude from crude shale cil produced by in situ combustion retorting 14 P0169 A77-23552 Sulfur compounds in 'oils from the Western Canada Tar Belt ... ., . . 1 4 . pO,169 'A77-23553 Hydrogasificatipn .of."oil shale . . -,• • :;-,, • .. • • • : • • - . 14 p0169 A77r23556 Production of synthetic crude from crude shale oil produced by in situ combustion retorting 14 p0169 A77-23557 Fracturing oil shale with explosives for in situ recovery 14 p0169 A77-23559 Largest ever liquefaction plant will test H-coal process 14 p0184 A77-26289 Evaluation of the practical aspects of the use of coal derived synthetic fuels [ A S H E PAPEB 76-WA/APC-6] 14 p0184 A77-26411 A new concept for the manufacture of low sulfur fuels and chemicals from coal 14 p0192 A77-27295 Hobil process for the conversion of methanol to gasoline . . 14 p0193 A77-27299 Kinetics of heterogeneouslycatalyzed coal hydroliquefaction 14 p0196 A77-28473 Beactivity heat-treated coals in hydrogen for synthetic methane production ' • 14 p0198 A77-28777 Considerations on coal gasification 15 p0266 A77-32169 • Petrochemical ^>asic products from coal - Production of basic ana intermediate products for 'the chemical industry according to the Fischer-Iropsch process 15 p0267 A77-32247 Molecular synthesis in the case of the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis - Beaction steps of • ' • ' ' • the molecular synthesis by means of the catalytic -.transformation of carbon monoxide and hydrogen • . • • " . 15 p0268 A77-32248 Synthesis of substitute natural gas on the basis of coal 15 p0268 A77-32249 Thermal alteration experiments on organic matter 1 f rom recent marine sediments in relation to petroleum genesis 15 p0298 A77-36254 ' 'Economics of ethylene production via pyrolysis of ' '* coal based Fischer-Tropsch hydrocarbons 15 p0301 A77-36339 •'• comparative economics for the Arthur D. Little extractive coking process • . ' ' ' ' 1 5 p0301 A77-36340 . ,,. An integrated process model of the Fischer-Tropsch ' * '- process for iiguid fuels production from coal ;:; .' :. ' 15 p0318 A77-38213 ' Packed bed digestion of solid wastes • • • • ' - : . • ' - • 15 p0323 A77-39107 HYDBOCABBOS FBBLS • - •' ' . • ' . . . " Catalytic hydrogenation of solvent-refined lignite to -liguid fuels. •'• : :' . '_ ' ' ' •' • ' 13 p0008 A77-11243 Evaluation of .c'oal liquefaction'efficiency based on various ranks ' . • ' '' ' '' " 13 p0009 A77-11244 Fuel cell assemblies with an acidic electrolyte ' ' ' . " 13 p0055 A77-15816 Upgrading coal liguids to gas turbine fuels. I - '' " Analytical characterization of coal liguids : 14 p0145 A77-21623 Characterization of synthetic liguid fuels —'•- analytical separation and spectroscopic techniques 14 p0169 A77-23554 Hydrocarbon fuel conditioner for a-1.5 kw fuel cell power plant 14 pOi95 A77-28168 Thermally induced migration of hydrocarbon oil 15 p0268 A77-32375 The K-T process - Koppers commercially proven coal and multi-fuel gasifier for synthetic gas production in.the chemical and fertilizer industries " 15 p0275 A77-33338 The production of shale oil crude and its refining into military operational fuels 15 p0292 A77-35155 Direct production of methane and benzene from coal 15 p0306 A77-36766 Synthetic carbonaceous fuel and feedstock using nuclear-power, air and water 15 p0321 A77-38532 a-123 BIDBOCiBBOBS SUBJECT IBDBI Options for the conversion of fossil fuels 15 p0335 A77-39835 .Production of a hydrocarbon-type synthetic fael from vood fKHC-15638] 13 p0127 H77-15210 Environmental effects of solid waste as a supplemental fuel CIS-3852J 14 p0211 S77-17567 BYDBOCABBOHS Distribution of some hydrocarbons in ambient air near Delft and the influence on the formation of secondary air pollutants 15 p0271 A77-32954 Investigation of the causes of stuck servovalves in D.S. Army hydraulic systems usinq HIL-H-U6170 'Hydraulic Fluid, Bust Inhibited, Fire . , Resistant, Synthetic Hydrocarbon Base' [ASLE PBEPBINT 77-1H-2A-1 1 15 p0296 A77-35956 Two-phase working fluids for the temperature range 100-350 C in heat pipes for solar applications ' fAIAA PAPBF 77-753] 15 P0312 A77-37266 Catalytic synthesis of gaseous hydrocarbons fFE-1811-2] ' 13 P0130 H77-15503 In-situ laser retorting of oil shale fNASA-CASE-LEH-12217-1] 14 p0214 N77-18429 Research on electrochemical energy conversion systems r AD-A0344541 15 P0367 N77-24632 Evaluation of methods for measuring and. controlling hydrocarbon emissions from petroleum storage tanks rPB-262789/11 15 p0371 1177-25551 Conversion of waste organic material to gasoline . . fCOO-2982-7] ' 15 P0377 H77-26325 HYDEODYHiBIC EQDATIOHS Influence of various losses on the characteristics of high-power BHD generators 13 p0046 A77-13258 Hydrodynamics and compression of a laser irradiated target fusion energy requirements 114 p0146 A77-21745 Effect of various losses on the characteristics of powerful MHD generators 15 p0263 A77-31538 HIDBOELECTBIC POBEB STATIONS Experience in putting the Kiskore hydroelectric power plant en line 13 p0010 A77-11301 Water power in the immediate future 13 p0056 A77-15850 Nova Scotia seeks to cut oil bill for power generation , • 13 p0063 A7,7-17588 Storage of solar energy in the form of potential hydraulic energy 13 p0075 A77-19078 Energy considerations in HBE power systems Heliohydroelectric and.Helioelectrolytic systems 13 p0077 A77-19099 Hydel and solar power for Pakistan hydroelectric power 13 p0079 A77-19121 Pumped-storage electric power generating plants • . • 111 p0166 A77-23373 Energy recovery by mini-hydroelectric projects II p0183 A77-26089 Net energy analyses for liquid-dominated and vapor-dcminated hydrothermal energy-resource developments III p019i| A77-27351 The Greenland hydropower as a source of electrolytic hydrogen 15 p0285 A77-331116 Multi-year time frame optimization of power . systems with fossil, nuclear, hydro, pumped storage and peaking units . . 13 p0096 N77-11525 Concrete placing techniques used during the construction of the kasnoyarsk hydroelectric power - plant rAD-A026967] 13 pO.121 H77-14528 Analysis of information systems for hydropower operations: .Executive summary fNASA-CF-149342] 13 pO122 S77-14586 Analysis of information systems for hydropower operations rH4SJ-CB-1t|9373J 13 p0129 H77-15497 Existing and proposed fuel conversion facilities. Summary [PB-258264/1J 14 p0208 H77-16457 Ocean thermal energy delivery systems based on chemical energy carriers 14 p0240 B77-21609 The Greenland hydropower as a source of electrolytic hydrogen 14 p0246 H77-21655 Electric power development in the Pacific Northwest fiegion: Institutional commitments and alternatives, phase 1 [PB-262382/5] 15 p0348 H77-22671 HIDBOFLUOBIC ACID Improving ills silicon solar cells by HP-treatment of the insulating oxide layer 14 p0151 A77-21819 HIDHOFOIL CBAFT Hydrodynamic equilibrium conditions for A G ( E B ) main strut-pod foil system using flap incidence control [AD-A027521J 13 p0127 N77-15220 BYDHOGEH Near-uv photon efficiency in a Ti02 electrode - Application to hydrogen production from solar energy 13 p0015 A77-11947 Catalytic coal liquefaction using synthesis gas 13 p0059 A77-16473 Hydrogen production by photoelectrochemistry in visible light 14 p0150 A77-21813 Hydrogen producing cycles using electricity and heat - Hydrogen halide cycles: Electrolysis of HBr 14 p0171 A77-23719 Competitively priced hydrogen via high-efficiency nuclear electrolysis l ' ? \ 14 p0171 A77-23720 HIGAS process update hydrogen gasification of coal 14 p0192 A77-27296 Coal devolatilization and hydrogasification 14 p0200 A77-29450 Molecular syntaesis in the case of the Fischer-Iropsch synthesis - Beaction steps of the molecular synthesis by means of the catalytic transformation of carbon monoxide and hydrogen 15 p0268 A77-32248 The Westinqaouse Sulfur Cycle for the thermochemical decomposition of water 15 P0277 A77-33354 Development of a low capital cost electrolyzer -— for hydrogen production 15 p0277 A77-33362 Modern technology electrolysis for power application 15 p0278 A77-33364 The photosynthetic production of hydrogen 15 p0278 A77-33368 Bioconversion of solar energy in salt water photosynthetic hydrogen production systems 15 p0278 A77-33369 The theory of hydrogen production in a . photoelectrochemical cell 15 p0279 A77-33370 Feasibility of hydrogen production by direct water • splitting at high temperature 15 p0279 A77-33372 An examination of the stirred reactor as a tool for the determination of rate constants of the H2-02 combustion reactions 15 p0283 A77-33406 Closed Brayton cycle using hydrogen as a work fluid CBHL-20899] 13 p0085 N77-10542 Prospects for nydrogen production by water electrolysis to be competitive with conventional methods [BNL-20877] 13 p0087 S77-10648 Setal hydrides as hydrogen storage media and their applications fBHL-21643J 14 p0231 N77-20589 Production of ammonia usinq coal as a source of hydrogen [PB-25938a/7j 14 P0233 N77-20613 Hydrogen combustion. Part 1: Investigation of hydrogen flame control methods fCTI-IT-75-014491 14 P0235 N77-21204 'A-124 SUBJECT INDEX HTDBOGEH FUELS 'First World Hydrogen Energy Conference proceedings, volume 1 11 p0237 077-21552 Hydrogen production process, by means of nuclear energy 11 p0237 H77-21553 competitively priced hydrogen via high-efficiency nuclear Electrolysis 14 p0237 N77-21558 Design of an ocean thermal energy plant ship to produce ammonia via hydrogen 14 P0237 1177-21564 The manufacture of hydrogen from coal 11 p0237 N77-21566 Hydrogen production from ccal using a nuclear heat source 11. p0238 K77-21568 Thermodynamics of thermochemical water decomposition processes' ' 14 p0238 S77-21574 Discovery of reaction seguences for thermochemical water'splitting 11 p0238 N77-21575 Effective conversion processes between thermal and cheiical energies:' Thermodynamic'study of multistep water decomposition processes . . 11 p0238 H77-21576 .Hydrogen 'production by means of reactor heat using halogens and reversible electrochemical methods in a closed cycle process 14 p0238 N77-21582 The nestinghouse sulfur cycle for the thermochemical decomposition of water 11 p0238 K77-21587 Hydrogen production-by water decomposition using a combined electrolytic thernochemical cycle 14 p0238 N77-21589 New potentials for conventional aircraft when powered by hydrogen-enriched gasoline 14 p0243 H77-21629 Energy storage possibilities of atomic hydrogen ' . :14 p0215 N77-21613 The Greenland hydropower as a source of electrolytic hydrogen ' . . ' • . ' • • - ' ; 14 p0246 1177-21655 Economics of' nuclear"'- electrolytic hydrogen . • • ' " • • - • • 1 4 p0247 N77r21659 Hydrogen storage, water electrolysis a'nd fuel cells for electric energy storage -rBNL-21498] . f~ • -15 p0344 N77-22620 International conference on Hydrogen and its Prospects [AD-A036S-36] " 15 p0385 1177-26696 Hydrogen storage by binary and ternary intermetallics for energy applications: i review ' ' '- [nCBL-52110] ' 15 p0394 N77-27548 BTDHOGEH ATOMS Energy storage possibilities of atomic hydrogen 15 p0283 A77-33405 Hydrogen 'atoms: Bare earth ions: Magnetic resonance studies on polycrystalline solids and surface systems relevant to catalysis and other energy-related research • , 13 p0117 N77-13798 BYDBOGEH CORECDIDS Electric current from the direct conversion of low molecular weight 'CjH,0-compounds 13 p0055 A77-15814 An examination of the stirred reactor as a tool for the determination of rate constants of the H2-02 combustion reactions 19 p0245 Il77-216i»i( HVDB06EH FOEIS Onboard hydrogen generation for automobiles 13 p0020 A77-12663 Hydrogen production' by the steam-iron process / 13 p0023 A77-12688 Electrochemical power and hydrogen generation from high tenperature electrolytic cells 13 p0025 A77-12709 Energy storage via calcium hydride production 13 p0032 A77-12774 Metallurgical considerations in the production and use of leti alloys for hydrogen storage 13 p0033 A77-12777 Survey of hydrogen energy application projects 13 p0033 A77-12778 The performance of hydrogen-injected reciprocating engines 13 p0033 A77-12780 An alternative fuel for cars hydrogen production and storage 13 pOOSO A77-14530 Liquid hydrogen as propellant for commercial aircraft fDGLB PAPSB 76-188] 13 p0059 A77-16534 Hydrogen as a fuel in compression ignition engines 13 p0071 A77-18932 The thermal efficiency and cost of producing hydrogen and other synthetic aircraft fnels f rom coal 11 p0171 A77-23718 Hater induction in hydrogen-powered 1C engines 11 p0171 A77-23721 Beactions in the ZnSe thermochemical cycle for hydrogen production 14 p0178 &77-21851 Studies on realization of normal combustion of hydrogen in spark-ignition engines by reduction of temperature of residual burnt gases 14 p0195 A77-28050 Prospects for pipeline delivery of hydrogen as a fuel and as a chemical feedstock 14 p0200 A77-29437 Thermochemical production of hydrogen - Hyth or reality 15 p0270 A77-32593 World Hydrogen Energy Conference, 1st, Miami Beach, Fla., March 1-3, 1976, Proceedings. Volumes 1 , 2 6 3 15 p0273 A77-33326 Balance and optimization procedure for thermochemical cycles for hydrogen production 15 p0276 A77-33345 Thermochemical cycles utilizing sulfur for hydrogen production from water 15 p0276 A77-33353 Microbial hydrogen production ' 15 p0278 A77-33367 A study of the efficiency of hydrogen liquefaction jet aircraft applications 15 p0279 A77-33377 A system consideration of the cryogenic storage tank, for liquid hydrogen fueled vehicles and the resulting tank concept for a passenger car- 15 p0279 A77-33378 Technical aad environmental aspects of underground hydrogen storage 15 p0279 A77-33379 Hydroqen storage on highway vehicles - Dpdate '76 15 p0280 A77-33380 Hydrogen vehicular fuel storage as a step in a ' water splitting cycle 15 p0280 A77-33381 ' Methods of ofl-board generation of hydrogen for vehicular use 15 p0280 A77-33383 Automotive fuel-saving system with'on-board hydrogen generation and injection into I. C. engines 15 p0280 A77-33384 A consideration of catalytic effects on Pt-Pt/Bh thermocouples in combustion systems involving hydrogen as a fuel 15 p0283 477-33407 fieciprocating p u m p for conversion of liquid hydrogen to nigh pressure gaseous hydrogen 15 p0284 A77-33409 A simplified equilibrium model of the U.S. energy-economic system and its use in comparing alternatives 15 p0285 A77-33421 A comparison of operational economics of transportation vehicles operated on gasoline and coal-generated hydrogen 15 p0302 A77-36343 An exploratory study to determine the integrated technological air transportation system ground requirements of liguid-hydrogen-fneled subsonic, long-haul civil air transports [HASA-CE-2699] 13 p0083 1177-10033 Hydrogen^fueled subsonic aircraft: A perspective 13 p0084 H77-10344 Hydrogen-rich- gas generator [BASA-CASE-BPO-13560-1] 0 13 p0086 B77-10636 1-125 BIDEOGEB OXYGEN EIGIBES SUBJECT IBDEX Hydrogen energy conversion for thermodynamic efficiency and cost effectiveness [AD-4030370] 111 p0218 N77-18601 A system consideration of the cryogenic storage tank for liguid hydrogen fueled vehicles and the resulting tank concept for a passenger car 14 p02i|0 N77-21612 Hydrogen vehicular fuel storage as a step in a water splitting cycle 1i| p0242 N77-21615 Hydrogen-powered highway vehicles: Applications and optimum form of fuel storage 14 p0242 N77-21616 Methods of cn-toard generation of hydrogen for vehicular, use 11 p0242 N77-21617 First Horld Hydrogen Energy conference proceedings, volume 3 14 p0243 N77-21626 The thermal efficiency and cost of producing hydrogen and other synthetic aircraft fuels froo coal 1i» p0243 N77-21627 Fuel subsystem characteristics for LH2 aircraft 14 p0213 H77-21630 Hater induction in hydrogen-powered 1C engines 11 p0243 N77-21631 Development of a liguid hydrogen car 11 p0244 N77-21632 Dynamic tests of hydrogen-powered 1C engines for mass transit vehicles 11 p0244 H77-21633 Modification technigues and performance characteristics of hydrogen-powered 1C engines: State of the art, 1975 11 p0244 S77-21634 Crash test of a liguid hydrogen automobile 14 p0244 N77-21635 Prototype hydrogen automobile using a metal hydride 14 p0244 N77-21636 Automotive hydride tank design 14 p0244 H77-21637 A hydrogen-powered mass transit system 14 p0244 N77-21638 Use of hydrogen in automotive engines 14 p0244 N77-21639 Hydrogen safety problems 14 p0245 N77-21640 Technical prospects for commercial and residential distribution and utilization of hydrogen 14 p0245 N77-21642 A consideration of catalytic effects on Pt-Pt/Hh thermocouples in combustion systems involving hydrogen as a fuel 14 p0245 H77-21645 Performance characteristics of turbo-rockets and turbo-ramjets using high energy fuel 15 p0339 H77-22131 Hydrogen-enrichment-concept preliminary evaluation fNASA-CB-152814] 15 p0340 N77-22290 Emissions and total energy consumption of a multicylinder piston engine running on gasoline and a hydrogen-gasoline mixture rHASi-TN-D-8487] 15 p0353 H77-23114 HYDBOGEH OXY6EB EIGIBES Hydrogen as a fuel in compression ignition engines 13 p0071 A77-18932 Near-term chemically-propelled space transport systems to space colonies 15 p0295 A77-35810 HYDBOGEH OXYGBB JOEL CEL1S Titanium-containing Baney nickel catalyst for hydrogen electrodes in alkaline fuel cell systems 13 p0064 A77-18019 Air electrodes for H2-air fuel cells with alkali electrolyte 13 p0065 A77-18196 A comparison of porous silver catalysts in oxygen electrodes of alkaline fuel cells 13 p0067 A77-18350 Performance characteristics of a high-pressure, moderate temperature, electrolysis system for hydrogen-based energy storage 15 p0277 A77-33361 Heat and mass transfer analysis of Bacon-type hydrogen-oxygen fuel cells - The volume average velocity * 15 p0321 A77-38531 BIDEOGEB PLASH* Estimates of optimal generating conditions for hydrogen-oxygen cesium-seeded magneto-nydrodynamic power generator CHASA-TN-D-8374] 14 p0213 N77-17852 HYDEOGEB PRODUCTION The theory of aydrogen production in a photoelectrochemical cell 13 p0075 A77-19075 The photosynthstic production of hydrogen 13 p0075 A77-19077 Hew hydrogen process is in the works 14 p0205 A77-29789 The concept of "nuclear hydrogen production' and progress of w o r k in the Nuclear Research Center Jueiich 15 p0273 A77-33328 The agueous homogeneous reactor as a source of' hydrogen and of process heat 15 p0274 A77-33329 Hater splitting - A progress report hydrogen production using high temperature gas-cooled reactor 15 p0274 A77-33330 Hydrogen production from nuclear waste energy 15 p0274 A77-33331 water-splitting-system synthesized by photochemical and thermoelectric utilizations of . solar energy 15 p0274 A77-33334 The manufacture of hydrogen from coal 15 p0275 A77-33337 Hydrogen production f rom coal usinq .a nuclear heat source 15 p0275 A77733339 The calcium-iodine cycle for the thermochenical' decomposition of water 15 p0275 A77-33340 Discovery o£ reaction sequences for thermochenical water splitting -in hydrogen production cycles 15 p0275 A77-33343 Effective conversion processes between thermal and chemical energies - Thermodynamic study of multistep water decomposition processes 15 p0275 A77-33344 1 thermochemxcal data bank for cycle analysis water decomposition for hydrogen production 15 p0276 A77-33346 The compatibility of containment materials for thermochemical hydrogen production 15 p0276 A77-33347 laboratory investigations on thermochemical hydrogen production 15 p0276 A77-33348 Definition and analysis of thermochemical processes for hydrogen production based oh iron-chlorins reactions 15 p0276 A77-33351 Hydrogen production by water decomposition using a combined electrolytic-thermochemical cycle 15 p0277 477-33356 Prospects for hydrogen production by water electrolysis to be competitive with conventional methods ' ' 15 p0277 A77-33359 Rater electrolysis under pressure - Improvement of energy efficiency by temperature increase 15 p0277 A77-33360 Performance characteristics of a high-pressure, moderate temperature, electrolysis system for hydrogen-based energy storage 15 p0277 A77-33361 Development of a low capital cost electrolyzer for hydrogen production 15 p0277 477-33362 Modern technology electrolysis for power application 15 p0278 477-33364 Hydrogen production plants using electrolytic cells with low cost electrodes built into pressure tanks 15 p0278 A77-33365 Hicrobial hydrogen production 15 p0278 A77-33367 The photosynthetic production of hydrogen 15 p0278 A77-33368 A wind energy system utilizing high pressure electrolysis as a storage mechanism 15 p0279 477-33376 4-126 SUBJECT IHDBI HYDROGBH-BASBD EBEBGY Hydroqen vehicular fuel storage as a step in a water splitting cycle 15 p0280 477-33381 Hethods of en-board generation of hydrogen for vehicular USE 15 p0280 477-33383 The Greenland hydropower as a source of electrolytic hydrogen 15 p0285 A77-33I116 Economics of nuclear-electrolytic hydrogen 15 p0285 477-33119 Thermocheiical hydrogen production via a cycle using bar ium and sulfur - Reaction between barium sulfide and water ' 15 p0321 477-38529 Aviation transportation and atmospheric pollution r O N E B 4 , IP NO. 1977-79] 15 p0321 477-38533 HIDBOGEH SOLFIDE Application of the Stretford process for H2S abatement at the Geysers geothermal power plant 13 p0029 477-12713 Progress on the selective removal of H2S from gasified ccal using an immobilized liquid membrane 15 p0318 A77-381116 Thermochemical hydrogen production via a cycle using bar ium and sulfur - Reaction between barium sulfide and water 15 p0321 477-38529 HYDBOGBH-B4SED EHEEGY The hydrogen economy production and applications 13 p0006 477-11011 Primary energy sources for hydrogen production 13 p0011 477-11335 Energy conversion via photoelectrolysis . ' " . . . 1 3 p0021 477-12667 Benefits of hydrogen production research 13 p0032 477-12768 The commercial production of hydrogen by' the K-T process 13 p0032 477-12769 Hydrogen separation and compression through hydride formation and dissociation by low-level heat 13 p0032 477-12770 Hydroqen f rom solar energy via water electrolysis 13 p0032 477-12771 Experimental demonstration of an iron chloride thermochetical cycle for hydrogen production 13 p0032 477-12772 Energy transmission f rom ocean thermal energy conversion plants . 13 p0032 477-12773 Hetal hydrides of improved heat transfer characteristics . ' 13 p0033 477-12775 Some useful relationships between the physical and thermodynamic properties of metal hydrides 13 p0033 477-12776 Survey of hydrogen energy application projects 13 p0033 477-12778 A guide for the conversion to and maintenance of hydrogen-fueled, spark-ignited engines A '. ' . 13 p0033 477-12779 Performance of a hydrogen-powered transit vehicle 13 p0033 477-12781 nuclear driven water decomposition plant for . . hydrogen production 13 p0035 477-12791 Radiolytic hydrogen production from a laser fusion system 13 p0035 477-12795 4 hydride compressor 13 p0016 477-13336 Stage efficiency in the analysis of thermochemical water decomposition processes 13 p O O U 7 477-13538 A new hydrogen storage electrode 13 p0017 477-13539 Hydrogen production using solar radiation 13 pOOIS 477-13510 Hydrogen production via thermochemical cycles based on sulfur chemistry 13 pOOIS 477-13511 Hydrogen storage via iron-titanium for a 26 HH/e/ peaking electric plant 13 pOOIS 477-13513 Alternate fuels for road vehicles of the future 13 p0051 477-11581 Hydrogen production using nuclear heat 13 p0057 477-16211 Hydrogen production from water by means of chemical cycles 13 p0058 477-16171 The storage of energy in future energy supply systems [ D G L B PiPEB 76-182] 13 p0059 477-16533 Solar production of hydrogen as a means of storing solar energy 13 p0075 477-19072 On the storage of solhydrogen 13 p0075 477-19073 Thermo-chemical production of hydrogen 13 p0075 477-19071 Solar energy utilization - The photochemical approach 13 p0075 477-19076 Conversion of solar energy by photosynthetic production oz molecular hydrogen 11 p0113 477-21316 Entropy production, efficiency, and economy 'in the case of the thermochemical production of synthetic fuels - The sulfaric acid-hybrid process for thermochemical water decomposition 11 p0115 477-21511 Details of aydrogen-burning thermonuclear reactions 11 p0168 477-23157 International cooperation on development of hydrogen technologies 11 P0171 477-23717 Hydrogen producing cycles using electricity and heat - Hydrogen halide cycles: Electrolysis of HBr 11 p0171 477-23719 Hydrogen technology for energy Book 11 p0180 477-25821 Largest ever liquefaction plant will test H-coal process 11 p0181 A77-26289 Evaluation of the practical aspects of the use of coal derived synthetic fuels f A S H E PAPBS 76-WA/APC-6] 11 p0181 477-26111 Hydrogen cycle peak-shaving on the New York State Grid using fuel cells 11 p0199 477-29091 New hydrogen process is in the works 1« p0205 477-29789 Performance data for a terrestrial solar photovoltaic/water electrolysis experiment 15 p0256 477-30321 Influence of bonding and filling agents.on the activity of tungsten carbide hydrogen electrodes 15 p0260 477-31173 Hydrogen production with HOT ELLY high temperature vapor phase-electrolysis of water 15 p0269 477-32101 The impact of the new energy technologies 15 p0272 A77-33121 Wor ld Hydrogen Energy Conference, 1st, Miami Beach, Fla., Harch 1-3, 1976, Proceedings. Volumes 1 , 2 6 3 15 p0273 477-33326 Hydrogen production process by means of nuclear energy 15 p0273 477-33327 The concept of 'nuclear hydrogen production' and progress of work in the Huclear Research Center Juelich 15 p0273 477-33328 The aqueous homogeneous reactor as a source of hydrogen and of process heat 15 p0271 477-33329 Water splitting - 4 progress report hydrogen production using high temperature gas-cooled reactor 15 p0271 A77-33330 Hydrogen production from nuclear waste energy 15 p0271 477-33331 Peak power and heavy water production from electrolytic H2 and 02 using CANDU reactors 15 p0271 477-33332 Hater-splitting-system synthesized by photochemical and thermoelectric utilizations of solar energy 15 p0271 477-33331 Synthetic fuels from solid wastes and solar energy 15 p0275 477-33336 The manufacture of hydrogen from coal 15 p0275 A77-33337 i-127 HTDBOGEH-BASED BNEBGT COHTD SOBJECT IBDEI Hydrogen production from coal using a nuclear beat source 15 p0275 477-33339 The calcium-iodine cycle for the thermochemical decomposition of Hater , 15 p0275 A77-333HO Progress in the Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory Program to develop thernochemical processes for hydrogen production 15 P0275 A77-333Q1 Feasibility studies of chenical reactions for thermochemical water splitting cycles of the iron-chlorine-, iron-sulfur- and oanganese-sulfur-fanilies 15 p0275 A77-333I42 Discovery of reaction sequences for thermochemical vater splitting in hydrogen production cycles 15 p0275 A77-333113 jEffective conversion processes between thermal and t chemical energies - Thermodynamic study of '• multistep vater decomposition processes 15 p0275 A77-3334H A thermochemical data bank for cycle analysis water decomposition for hydrogen production 15 p0276 A77-33316 The compatibility of containment materials for thermochemical hydrogen production 15 p0276 A77-333U7 Laboratory investigations on thermochemical hydrogen production 15 p0276 A77-33318 Hydrogen production by means of reactor heat using halogens and reversible electrochemical methods in a closed cycle process 1 15 p0276 A77-33350 Definition and analysis of thermochemical processes for hydrogen production based on iron-chlorine reactions j 15 p0276 A77-33351 Hydrogen production by water decomposition using a combined electrolytlc-thermochemical cycle 15 p0277 A77-33356 Recent developments of large electrolytic hydrogen generators 15 p0277 A77-33358 Prospects for hydrogen production by water electrolysis to be competitive with conventional methods 15 p0277 A77-33359 Water electrolysis under pressure - Improvement of energy efficiency by temperature increase 15 p0277 A77-33360 Performance characteristics of a high-pressure, moderate temperature, electrolysis system for hydrogen-based energy storage 15 p0277 A77-33361 Heat transfer analysis of metal hydrides in metal-hydrogen secondary batteries 15 p0278 A77-33363 Hydrogen production plants using electrolytic celis with low cost electrodes Eui'l/t -into pressure tanks • 15 p0278 A77-33365, A farm energy system employing hydrogen storage 15 p0278 A77-33366 Thermodynamic analysis of alternate energy carriers, hydrogen and chemical heat pipes 15 p0279 A77-3337K Ocean thermal energy delivery systems based on chemical energy carriers 15 p0279 A77-33375 A wind energy system utilizing high pressure electrolysis as a storage mechanism 15 p0279 A77-33376 Hydrogen-powered highway vehicles - Applications and optimum form of fuel storage 15 p0280 A77-33382 Methods of on-board generation of hydrogen for vehicular use 15 p0280 A77-33383 Titanium alloy hydrides - Their properties and applications 15 p0280 A77-33385 A thernodynamic analysis of HICSOS, a hydrogen conversion and storage system 15 p0280 A77-33387 A simple approach to metal hydride alloy optimization 15 p0281 A77-33388 Potential structural, material problems in a hydrogen energy system 15 P0281 A77-33389 Selection of structural materials for hydrogen pipelines and storage vessel's 15 p0281 A77-33390 Some early perspectives on ground.reguirements of liquid hydrogen air transports • • 15 p0281 .A77-33391 Hew potentials for conventional aircraft when powered by hydrogen-enriched gasoline \ . \ 15 p0281 A77r33392 Fuel* subsystem characteristics for LH2 Taircraft1 \ 15 p0281' A77-33393 Development of a liquid hydrogen car ., I 15 p0282 A77433394 Dynamic tests of hydrogen-powered 1C engines , , . , 15-vp0282 A77-33395 Bodification techniques and performance characteristics of hydrogen-powered\1C engines -, State of the art, 1975 ' - \ J, / / 15 p0282 A77-33396 Crash test of a lignid hydrogen automobile / / / . 15/ p0282 A77-33397 Prototype oydrogen automobile using'a metal hydride / / . ' . 15 p0282 A77-/33398 A hydrogen-powered mass transit system / / ' / 15 p0282 A77-33KOO Use of hydrogen in automotive engines .. / ;' / I .• 15 p0283 A77-33101 Hydrogen safety problems fuel systems hazard prevent-ion I . /'. ] I . i , . 15 p0283 A77-33U02 Commodity hydrogen from !off-peak electricity : I j ' . 1 5 p0283 A77-330201 A77-29525 Direct production of methane and benzene from coal 15 p0306 A77-36766 Fundamentals of coal liguefaction 15 p0309 A77-36814 Synthesis and analysis of jet fuel from shale oil and coal syncrudes TNASA-CB-135112] 13 p0103 H77-12230 HYDBOGENOLYSIS Nuclear driven tiater decomposition plant for hydrogen production 13 p0035 A77-12791 Ncnisothermal liydrogen-induced desulfurization of coal . 15 p0287 A77-33544 HYDEOGEOLOGY Underground storage of off-peak power 13 p0027 A77-12728 Pressure drawdown and buildup analyses in geothermal reservoirs 13 p0030 A77-12753 Extracting energy from hydraulically-fractured geotbermal reservoirs ' 13 p0030 A77-12757 Prerequisites for military/civilian geopressnred geothernal resource development 13 p0031 A77-12761 The Los Alamos Scientific laboratory Dry Hot Rock Geothermal Project /LASL Group Q-22/ 14 p0163 A77-23032 Interaction of hot water reservoirs and deep wells 14 p0163 A77-23038 Potential land subsidence at geothermal development sites 15 p0286 A77-33525 Ground water as energy carrier 15 p0302 A77-36347 The question of the utilization of geothermal energy in dry rocks /dry walls/ 15 p0303 A77-36318 HTDE01YSIS Seactions in the ZnSe thermochemical cycle for hydrogen production 14 p0178 A77-24854 Feasibility studies of chemical reactions for thermochemical water splitting cycles of the • iron-chlcrine~, iron-sulfur- and manganese-sulfnr-families 15 p0275 A77-33342 Thermocheiical cycles utilizing sulfur for hydrogen production from water . V 15 P0276 A'77-33353 Flash bydropyrolysis process for conversion of lignite to liquid and gaseous products 15 p0301 A77T36334 - Enzymatic., hydrolysis of cellulosic wastes .to fermentable sugars for alcohol production .; 15 p0315 A77-37666 Thermodynamics of thermochemical water decomposition processes . 14 p0238 1177-21574 Discovery of reaction seguences for thermochemical . water splitting 14 p0238 N77-21575 A thermocbenical data bank for cycle analysis 14 p0238 H77-21578 Laboratory investigations on thermocbeiical hydrogen production 14 p0238 N77-21580 Hydrogen production by means of reactor heat using halogens and reversible electrochemical methods in a closed' cycle process 14 p0238 H77-21582 BYDHOBBTilLOBGY Dnited States special format report:- Performance of the Schio Solar Rater Heating System-using "large area plastic collectors (Grants, Hew Bexico) fSAN/1038-76/1] 15 p0365 877-24606 HTDBOXIDES Experimental test of gas heat transfer system for hydroxide heat storage 15 p0381 H77-26655 HYPEBSOSIC AIHCHIFT ... Hypersonic technology-approach'-to an expanded program 13 p0051 A77-14597 .Layou t and flight performance of a hypersonic transport /H3T/ f D G L H PAPSfi 76-198] 13 p0060 A77-16575 I C E 8DCLEI ' ' - . . • - Atmospheric ice nuclei - No detectable effects • from a coax-fired powerplant plume • • ' • * • ' 13 p0054'A-77~15780 I C E PBEVEHTIOH - : . • ' . Freeze protection for solar collectors 15 p0303 A77-36350 ICBLABD Geothermal flux through palagonitized tephra , • - . • ' . ' - siirtsey, Iceland - The 'Surtsey " • • • -' temperature-data-relay experiment via- Landsat-1 13 p0048 A77-13648 • Seothermal power utilization, present and future 15 p0262 A77-31475 Dtility distribution systems in Iceland . CAD-A0269561 . 13 p0126 N77-14957 IDAHO : . - • . . i Seothermal a and D project report " - . [ANCB-T2B3] 13 p0124 N77-14605 IGHITIOH ' • - • . • ' . ' • - . . - • Hydrogen as a fue l in compression ignition engines •- . ' . 13 p0071 A77-.18932 ISIIIIOB nans Thermal explosion of moving reacting fluids/of .':; variable viscosity - . ; - '- ' * ' ' • * : . ' . : - • - 1 3 p0052- A77-14980 Utilization of disposed petroleum products'-and--' • industrial wastes as fuels • • • • : . . . .14 p0167 A77-23404 Ignition of f lammable gases in crude-oil tankers as a result of metal fracture '--", i . .: • . :• . r A D - A 0 2 7 4 1 1 ] . • , - . . , 1 3 p0127 N77-15121 IGilfioR SISTESS . . . : - . - • - • • • . ; . Performance and HOx emissions modeling of a jet •ignition prechamber stratified charge engine: f S A E PAPES 760161] _• " • 13 p0016 A77r.12150 ILLINOIS The air quality and economic implicationS'Of ' ; - •supplementary control systems in Illinois considering electric power; plant. fuels f PB-255699/1] . .. . • • • .13 pOT.01 H77-11588 Isotopic caaracterization of Illinois natural gas 13 pOM3 N,77,-r34_84.,-. Sources of energy data for Illinois . CPB-262562/2] . , ,15 p0350. N-77-22686 ILLOaiHiHCE Computational program for accurate ''•"'...••:: s'l. '. predetermination -of irradiance and illuminance in-connection with solar energy utilization.. . 14 p0147 A77-21777 IHHOBILIZAIIOH ••:'..! ;.. -.,:.;. Progress on the selective removal of B2S.,frog , . • • - . - _ gasified coal us ing,an immobilized l iquid-membrane \,15. p0318 A77-38146 IBPACT BESISTASCE Analysis of ceramic materials for impact members . ,„. in isotopic heat sources > , ,- . -f-- -. -~ CBHI-X-670) 14 p0210. H77-17246 Crash test of a liquid hydrogen automobile 14 p0244 N77-21635 IBPACT TESTS Crash test of a liquid hydrogen automobile 15 p0282 A77-33397 IHCEHTIYBS The effectiveness of solar energy incentives at the state and local level [PB-263371/7] 15 P0375 S77-25670 liCIDEHT BiDIAIIOH Computation of solar radiation design curves 13 p0072 A77T.19049 IHCIKEBASOBS Solid waste incineration and energy recovery in hospitals 15 p0272 A77-33283 Energy recovery by the incineration of solid waste - Development, present status and.experiences in Germany 15 p0334 A77-39675 i-130 SUBJECT IBDEX IHDUSTBIAL ENERGY IHDEIBS (DOCOBEBTATIOB) Transportation energy conservation data book rOENL-51981 13 p0086 N77-10643 TBISNET. Directory to transportation research ' inforaation resources fPB-255172/9] ' 13 p0125 N77-14939 The analysis of subsidence associated with ' qeotbernal development. Volume 3: Information bank . . rPB-2636Si(/2), 15 p0369 H77-24716 Program definition for the development of geothermal energy. Volume 3: Appendixes fNASA-CB-153223] ' 15 p0371 N77-25614 Transportation-related data bases extracted f rom the national index of energy and environmental data bases. Part 1: .Digest of detailed data base descriptions roCID-17316-PT-1] . . 15 p0387 N77-27036 Transportation-related data bases extracted from the national index of energy and environmental •data bases. Part 2: Detailed data.base descriptions fOCID-17316-PT-21 15 p0387 N77-27037 IHDIA . . . . . Tidal power generation in India . . 15 p0310 A77-36988 INDIOB ALLOIS Solar cell collector and method for producing same . .•-— indium alloy coatings rHASA-CASE-im-12552-11 14"p0211 N77-17564 IHDIOH ABTIBOH1DES . . . Thin film solar acceptors 13 p0072 A77-19053 I8DIOB COBEOOHDS . . . - Temperature dependence of the 10.;6-microhs -,reflectivity of ITO-coated silicon selective absorber'for solar energy conversion application 14 p0200 A77-29246 •- 'Photovoltaic properties of GaSe and InSe junctions . . . . ... 15 p0289 A77-34117 IBDIDB PHOSPHIDES High efficiency n-CdS/p-InP solar cells prepared by the'close-spaced technique . ' ' . 114 p0156 A77-22081 Preparation of CdS/InP solar cells by chemical vapor d'eposition of CdS • 14 p0205 A77-29893 InP-CdS solar cells ' 15 p0259 A77-30740 High-efficiency and high-peak-power InP. ' transferred-electron oscillators 15 p0289 A77-34366 IBDICH S01FIDES • • ;A sulfurizatipn process for the preparation of photovoltaic Cu/x/S and CuInS2 thin films 13 p0076 .A77-19087- IBDOCTANCE ' . . .A malti-megajoule inertial-inductive energy storage system . • . . , ' 15 p0299 A77-36292 INDUCTION BOTOBS , - ' . •Internal problem for the end effect in a linear ... ~ ^ asynchronous BHD-machine operating at'an arbitrary current load 15 p0295 A77-35799 INDUSTRIAL ABIAS InterTechnclogy Corporation proposed systems, level plan for solar heating and cooling, commercial buildings. Volume 1: National solar demonstration program. i;cOO-2688-76-6-VOL-1 ] 14 p0224 N77-19632 INDOSTBI&L ESEBGY Energy consumption and cpnservation in the.Dnited States' - ' • - . • 1 3 pOOOS 477-11028 Energy use ir industry 13 pOOOS A77-11029 Energy and the gas industry • 13 pOOOS A77-11032 Methods of energy analysis 13 p0007 A77-11046 •Problems involved in improving the industrial fuel and energy balance 13 p001~2 A77-11347 Industrial energy conservation through integration of thermal energy storage into process energy dynamics ' • • . . • • . . . - ' . 1 3 p0028 A77-12733 An advanced energy conservation technology program; Proceedings of the Intersociety Workshop Conference, Airlie Bouse, Va., Harch 24-26, 1976 13 p O O U S A77-12928 The potential for application of energy storage capacity on electric utility systems in the Dnited States. I 13 p0054 A77-15625 Stationary solar concentrators for industrial heating and cooling 13 p0074 A77-19069 The two enemies of industrial development of solar energy - Simplicity and economy 13 p0078 A77-19109 100 HH large industrial gas turbine 14 p0155 A77-22022 Solar energy for the Australian food processing industry 14 p0181 A77-25900 Becent tests 01 industrial gas turbine combustors • fueled with simulated low heating value, coal gas [ASHE PAPEB 76-HA/GT-3] 14 p0185 A77-26459 A new 10,000-hp gas turbine engine for industrial service [ASBE PAPZB 77-GT-4] 14 p0197 A77-28524 Kays of improving fuel utilization in industry 15 p0265 A77-31935 Industry can save energy without stunting its growth 15 p0267 A77-32209 Hydrogen in the seaward advancement of industrial societies offshore energy production 15 p0285 A77-33417 The future outlook for O.S. electricity supply and .demand 15 p0286 A77-33496 Cut energy costs: A guide for buying and plant operation industrial energy saving techniques 15 p0290 A77-34642 Technology and economics of industrial fuel gas from coal 15 p0302 A77-36342 The economics of industrial process heat from solar energy 15 p0302 A77-36345 Technical and economic aspects of industrial power-heat coupling. I • > 15 p0334 A77-39674 Energy use in the contract construction industry / [PB-245422/1] 13 p0099 N77-11557 A study of inplant electric power generation in the chemical, petroleum refining, and paper and pulp industries [PB-255653/73 13 p0115 N77-13542 A study of inplant electric power generation in the chemical, petroleum refining, and paper and pulp industries rPB-255659/5J 13 p0115 B77-13543 Industrial process heat from shallow solar ponds [DCBL-77801] 13 p0124 N77-14611 The intersectoral feedback model [PB-255859/1J 13 p0125 N77-14950 Bet energy analysis: An energy balance study of fossil fuel resources [PB-259153/4] 14 p0225 N77-19657 Solar industrial steam : [BCBL-77895] 14 p0231 N77-20592 Site energy handbook. Volume 2: Forms for energy survey and appraisal [EEDA-76-131/21 15 p0355 N77-23608 Survey of emissions control and'combustion eguipment data in industrial process heating [PB-263453/3] 15 p0368 S77-24674 Environmental considerations of selected energy conserving manufactur ing process options. Volume 4: Petroleum refining industry report CPB-264270/0] 15 p0384 H77-26681 Environmental considerations of selected energy conserving manufacturing process options. Volume 5: Pulp and paper industry report fPB-264271/8] 15 p0384 N77-26682 Environmental considerations of selected energy conserving manufacturing process options. Volume 6: Olefins industry report fPB-264272/61 15 p0384 N77-26683 Environmental considerations of selected energy conserving manufacturing process options. Volume 7: Ammonia industry report [PB-264273/4] 15 p0384 M77-26684 B-131 IHDUSTRIAL HABAGBBEHT SUBJECT IHDEI Environmental considerations of selected energy conserving manufacturing process options. Volume 8: Alunina/aluminum industry report CPB-26U274/2) 15 p0381 N77-26685 Environmental considerations of selected energy conserving manufacturing process options. Volume 9: Textile industry report [PB-261275/9] 15 p0384 H77-26686 Environmental considerations of selected energy conserving manufacturing process options. Volume 10: Cement industry report fPB-264276/7) 15 P0384 H77-26687 Environmental considerations of selected energy conserving manufacturing process options. Volume 11: Glass industry fPB-261277/5] 15 p0384 H77-26688 Environmental considerations of selected energy conserving manufacturing process options. Volume 12: Chlor-alkali industry report fPB-261278/3] 15 p0385 N77-26689 •Environmental considerations of selected energy conserving manufacturing process options. Volume 13: Phosphoric acid industry report [PB-264279/1 ] 15 p0385 N77-26690 Environmental considerations of selected energy < conserving manufacturing process options. . Volume 11: Primary copper industry report [PB-264280/9] 15 p0385 H77-26691 Environmental considerations of selected energy conserving manufacturing process options. Volume 15: Fertilizer industry report tPB-261281/7] 15 p0385 N77-26692 Utilization of low and intermediate BTU qas f rom coal for ircn ore pelletizing fPB-261702/2] 15 p0389 N77-272117 INDUSTRIAL HAHA6EBBHT Electric load management and energy conservation 14 p0137 A77-20685 Solar collector manufacturing activity, January-June 1976 CPB-258865/5] 11 p0208 N77-16155 Energy use patterns in metallurgical and nonmetallic uineral processing (Volume 1, Phase 6: Energy data and flow sheets, low-priority commodities) . [PB-261150/7] 15 p0316 N77-22611 Energy use patterns in metallurgical and nonmettalic mineral processing (Volume 1, Phase 9: Areas where alternative technologies should be developed to lower energy use in production of high-priority commodities), supplement fPB-261153/1] 15 p0346 B77-22615 INDUSTRIAL P1AH1S Compilation of an inventory for particulate emissions in Belgium 13 p0009 A77-11271 water requirements for an integrated SNG plant and mine operation 13 p0060 A77-16651 Superalloys for advanced energy systems 13 p0061 A77-16824 All-round technical and economic investigations of open-cycle industrial MHD generator channels and superconducting magnet systems 11 p0112 A77-21266 Environmental aspects of ccal conversion plant siting and cost of pollution control • - 11 p0192 A77-27293 Hydrogen production plants using electrolytic cells with low cost electrodes built into pressure tanks 15 P0278 A77-33365 Technologies lead to conservation in munition plants 15 p0305 A77-36634 Maritime and construction aspects of Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC) plant ships, detailed report rPB-257111/0] 13 p0116 H77-13551 Characterization and evaluation of wastewater sources Onited States Steel Corporation, Clairton Horks, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 28-31 January 1976 [PB-255586/0] . 13 p0116 K77-13566 Technigues for the analysis of total energy and labor of industrial plants [PB-264221/3] 15 p0385 N77-26697 IHDUSTRIAL SAPETI Laws and regulations affecting coal with summaries of Federal, state, and local laws and regulations pertaining to air and water pollution control, reclamation, diligence and health and safety, part 1 [PB-255927/6] 13 p0110 H77-12592 Occupational radiation exposure at light water cooled power reactors, 1969-1975 r-PB-257054/7] . 13 p0125 1177-11710 INDUSTRIAL IASIHS Energy from wastes 13 p0006 A77-11038 Clean air protection and industrial development 13 p0010 A77-11303 Atmospheric ice nuclei - Ho detectable effects from a coal-fired powerplant plume 13 pOOSI A77-15780 Some considerations in determining oxides of nitrogen in stack gases by chemiluminescence analyzer 13 p0062 A77-17511 Utilization of disposed petroleum products and industrial wastes as fuels 11 p0167 A77-23101 Haste economy and recycling: Problems and practice German book 15 p0273 A77-33303 - Energy recovery f rom low heating value industrial waste 15 p0292 A77-35160 State of tne art of particulate and S02 removal on coal fired boilers 15 p0293 A77-35167 Energy recovery from municipal and industrial waste 15 p0305 A77-36605 Disposal of toxic wastes. I - Electroplating and electrochemical machining wastes. II - Poisonous and radioactive wastes 15 p0305 A77-36608 Compilation of air pollutant emission factors. Supplement fPB-254274/IJ .13 p0093 N77-10731 Selected aspects' of waste heat management rPB-254401/3)- 13 p0109 1177-12568 Characterization and evaluation of wastewater sources United States Steel Corporation, Clairton Uorjts, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 28-31 January 1976 [PB-255536/0] 13 p0116 H77-13566 -Pollutant potential of raw and chemically fixed hazardous industrial wastes and flue gas desulfurization sludges [PB-256691/7J ' 13 p0133 N77-15510 Control of oxides of sulfur f rom stationary sources in the south coast air basin of California ' [PB-261754/6] 15 p0348 1177-22668 Environmental assessment sampling and analytical strategy program industrial wastes - [PB-261259/6J 15 p0352 N77-23021 Energy requirements for air pollution control in the primary a luminum industry rPB-2644dj/9] 15 p0375 1177-25684 IHDOSTBIBS User's guile to petroleum industry survey data type [PB-256635/1] ' 13 p0098 1177-11541 Energy use in the contract construction industry. Appendix A: Study methodology fPB-245423/91 13 p0099 1177-11558 Energy use in the contract construction industry. Appendix 3: . Assessment of construction equipment availability, energy requirements, and construction industry capacity to support Project Independence [PB-245424/7] 13 p0100 N77-11559 Preliminary research on ocean energy industrial complexes, paase 1 [ORO-4915-3] 14 p0248 1177-21669 Impact of alternate fuels on industrial refractories and refractory insulation applications: An assessment roBNL-TB-5592] 15 p0344 N77-22618 Technology transfer f rom foreign direct investment in the United States. Report of a seminar series [P8-263012/71 15 p0358 1177-24018 Process energy reliability requirements for selected industries [ORBL-TS-542d] 15 p0364 1177-24594 J-132 SUBJECT IBDEX IHTEBBETALLICS BABN utilization experience (case studies 32 throuqb 41) research applied to national 'needs rPB-263683/5] 15 p0370 N77-25027 Choosing an electrical energy future for the Pacific northwest: An alternative scenario rPB-264 018/0] 15 p0375'H77-25674 Environmental considerations of selected energy conserving manufacturing process options. Volume 2: Industry priority report rPB-264268/4] 15 p0383 N77-26679 Environmental considerations of selected energy conserving manufacturing process options. Volume 3: Iron and steel industry report FPB-264269/2] 15 p0384 H77-26680 Structural reform in the electric power industry fPB-264589/3] 15 P0389 H77-27316 Energy industry investigation. Part 1: Joint ventures [GPO-72-530] 15 p0391 N77-27499 Energy industry investigation. Part 2: Industry, structure fGPO-83-695] 15 p0391 N77-27500 ISEHTIi PBISCIPLB A multi-meganoule inertial-inductive energy storage system 15 p0299 A77-36292 INFLATABLE STBOCTDEES An inflatable solar concentrator for a high temperature storage system 13 p00711 A77-19064 INFOBMATION B 4 H A G E H E H T Energy information activities at the FEA rPB-253S62/5] 13 p0099 N77-11553 Analysis of information systems for hydropower operations fNASA-CB-149373] 13 p0129 H77-15497 IHFOBHATIOH BETBIBTAL Bibliography en solar cells .14 p01.95 A77-28067 Federal energy information gathering activities: A report to the President of the United States, and the Energy Resources Council rPB-262844/41 15 p0374 N7.7-25668 IHFOBHATIOB SISTESS Energy information activities at the F.EA fPB-253962/5] 13 p0099 H77-11553 Analysis of information systems for hydropower operations: Executive summary fNASA-CB-149342] 13 p0122 N77-14586 TBISNET. Directory to transportation research information resources fPB-255172/9] ' . 13 p0125 N77-14939 EBDA Interlaboratory Sork. for Data Exchange (ISGDE) [LBL-5329] . 15 p0352 N77-22998 Development and applications' of spatial .data resources in energy related assessment and planning - | .. • fCOBF-761017-1] 15 p0355 N77-23609 Factors in the planning of a national information system for renewable energy TPB-262003/7] . 15 P0358 H77-24002 Planner's energy workbook: A users' manual for- land use and energy utilization . TBNL-215461 15 p0364 H77-24596 INFBABED DBTZCTOBS Environmental protection measuring technique. Sensor for automatic continuous emission control of gases L [BMFT-FE-T-76-031 14 p0209 H77-16467 IRFBABBD BEFIECTIOH Raveguide high pass filter for thermal conversion of solar energy ,. ' 13 p0073 A77-19054 Temperature dependence of the 10.6-microns reflectivity of ITO-coated silicon --- selective absorber for solar energy conversion application 14 p0200 A77-29246 Selective behavior and selective layer deposition in the case of light-transparent covers —- for solar collectors 14 p0202 A77-29564 Wavelength-selective surfaces for solar energy utilization 14 P0201 A77-29583 Heat mirrored solar energy receivers ' » f A I A A PiPEB 77-728] 15 p0324 A77-39506 IHFBABED SCANNERS Detecting structural heat losses with mobile infrared thecmography. Part 4: Estimating guantitative heat loss at Dartmouth College, Hanover, Hew Hampshire CAD-A031803] 14 p0228 N77-20393 IBFBABED SPECTRA Infrared extinction spectra of some common liguid aerosols 15 p0290 A77-34561 IBBIBITOBS Inhibited ethylene glycol as the solar nexus 15 p0270 A77-32601 IHJECTOBS The 120-keV beam direct conversion system for TFTB injectors , , ' i fDCBL-52137] ' 15'p0355/»77-23610 IHLBI P10I / / Holecular gas performance of a disk generator with swirl / / ; ,, ! I ;15 p0326 A77-39534 ISORGAHIC COHPOUSDS ] ' . Molten salt thermal energy storage systems: Salt selection • I I | rCDO-2888-1 ] .' j 15 p0365 H77-24609 Besearch on electrochemical energy conversion systems ' [AD-A034454 1 15 p0367 B77-24632 I80BGAHIC H&TEBIU.S Industrial development in zero-G 15 p0295 A77-35812 IHPDT/OniPOI EOUIXHES The intersectoral feedback nodel . • CPB-255859/1] i 13 p0125 H77-14950 Energy input-output modelling: Problems and j prospects j - I i . [PB-261925/2] 15'p0349 B77-22679 IHSOLATION Calculation of the radiation entering a 'hot box' type solar set-up 13 p0051 A77-14581 Survey of quantitative data on the solar energy and its spectra distribution 13 p0072 A77-19044 Autonomous station for the acquisition and concentration of heliometric data 13 p0072 A77-19046 An automatic solar disk tracking system for incident energy measurements 14 p0138 A77-20749 A mathematical model for the digital computation of the hours of sunshine on an inclined plane. 14 p0166 A77-23382 Calculation of radiation entering 'hot box* solar unit 15 p0291 A77-34975 Precision insolation measurement under field conditions 14 p0219 N77-19113 Begional variations of solar radiation with application to solar energy system design, user's manual [PB-259378/8J 14 p0234 H77-20676 Instrumentation for measuring direct and diffuse insolation in testing thermal collectors [COHF-760d32-23] 15 p039« N77-27545 IMSTBOBEHT COHPEHSATIOH Accelerated response of thermopile pyranometers 13 p0019 A77-12405 IBSTBOHEBT EBBOBS A consideration of catalytic effects on Pt-Pt/Bh thermocouples in combustion systems involving hydrogen as a fuel 15 p0283 A77-33407 IBSOIATIOB Design, fabrication, testing, and delivery of a solar energy collector system for residential heating and cooling [BASA-CB-150032] 13 p0086 N77-10638 IHTBBFACIAL IEHSIOB Interfacial effects in the recovery of residual oil by.displacement: Studies at Northwestern University i;COO-0019-5) 13 p0122 S77-114595 IHTEBHBTALLICS Intermetallic compounds - Background and results of twenty yea-rs of research 13 p0014 A77-11600 1-133 INTEBH&L COHBDSIIOH EBGIBES SDBJECT INDEX Some useful relationships between the physical and thermodynanic properties of metal hydrides 13 p0033 A77-12776 Hydrogen storage by binary and ternary intermetallics for energy applications: A review CUCRL-52110] 15 p0394 N77-27548 IHTEBHAL COMBOSTIOH BHGIHES Performance and NOx emissions modeling of a jet ignition prechamber stratified charge engine fSAE PAPER 760161] 13 p0016 A77-12150 Onboard hydrogen generation for automobiles 13 p0020 A77-12663 Application of a shunt notor and a 2 cylinder gasoline engine as a hybrid drive for an automobile 13 p0025 A77-12703 Energy saving potential of engine-electric vehicular drives 13 p0025 A77-12708 A guide for the conversion to and maintenance of ' hydrogen-fueled, spark-ignited engines 13 p0033 A77-12779 A comparison between the primary energy consumption of electric and gasoline powered vehicles 14 p0159 A77-22885 Water induction in hydrogen-powered 1C engines 11 P0171 A77-23721 Studies on realization of normal combustion of hydrogen in spark-ignition engines by reduction of temperature of residual burnt gases 14 p0195 A77-28050 Dynamic tests of hydrogen-powered 1C engines 15 p0282 A77-33395 Modification technigues and performance characteristics of hydrogen-powered 1C engines - State of the art, 1975 15 P0282 A77-33396 A hydrogen-powered mass transit system 15 p0282 A77-33400 Ose of hydrogen in automotive engines 15 p0283 A77-33401 Running out of steam. Ill alternatives to internal combustion engine 15 p0310 A77-36984 Hybrid drive with kinetic energy store as vehicle drive [UCBL-TBANS-11018] 13 p0120 H77-14486 Research plan for achieving reduced automotive energy consumption [PB-255929/21 13 p0121 N77-14495 Hydrogen storage on highway vehicles: Update 1976 14 p0242 N77-21614 Automotive fuel saving system with on-board hydrogen generation and injection into 1C engines 14 p0242 N77-21618 Water induction in hydrogen-powered 1C engines 1« p0243 N77-21631 Dynamic tests of hydrogen-powered 1C engines for mass,transit vehicles 14 p0244 N77-21633 Modification technigues and performance characteristics of hydrogen-powered 1C engines: State of the art. 1975 14 p0244 N77-21634 Prototype hydrogen automobile using a metal hydride 14 p0244 N77-21636 A hydrogen-powered mass transit system 14 P0244 N77-21638 Ose of hydrogen in automotive engines 14 p0244 N77-21639 Performance of Army engines with unleaded gasoline-field study evaluation iAD-A032075] 15 p0342 N77-22490 Fuel consumption, emissions, and power characteristics of the 1975 Ford 140-CID automotive engine, experimental data fPB-261771/0] 15 p0350 N77-22725 Combustion research at Sandia Laboratories rSAND-76-8511] 15 p0377 H77-26253 IHTEBHAL COHVEBSICN Reciprocating pump for conversion of lignid hydrogen to high pressure gaseous hydrogen 14 p0245 N77-21647 IBTBBHATIOHAL COOPBBATIOH The future of air transportation - Economic association considerations [AIAA PAPEI 77-286] 13 p0065 A77-18222 Joint test of an U.S. electrode system in the D.S.S.B. u-02 facility 14 p0139 A77-21215 International cooperation on development of hydrogen technologies 14 p0171 A77-23717 A small but important contribution to the German-American solar research programme 'Helios1 15 p0323 A77-39125 The second -joint test of a D.S. electrode system in the 0. S.S. R. 0-02 facility 15 p0327 A77-39540 IBTEBH&TIOHAL LAI National Meeting on Air and Space Law, 7th, Oniversidad Nacional de Cordoba, Cordoba and La Falda, Argentina, August 13-16, 1975, Proceedings 13 p0053 A77-15050 IHTEBPLAHETABI TBAHSFEB DEBITS Energy storage in orbital and interplanetary missions f D G L R PAPER 76-189] 13 p0059 A77-16551 IHIEBBDPTIOB Repetitive series Interrupter II [AD-A035267] 15 p0371 N77-25447 IN7EHTOBIES Trends in power plant capacity and utilization. Inventory of power plants in the United States rPB-264451/6] 15 p0373 N77-25655 IH7EBTEBBATES Effects of thermal pollution on certain aguatic invertebrates rPB-263488/9] 15 p0368 N77-24673 IHVBBTED COHVBaiSES (DC TO AC) Bindmills stage a comeback review 13 p0048 A77-13624 Some results of an investigation with the u-25 experimental-industrial facility, aimed at raising its parameters to the design level MHD generator energy converter 14 p0136 A77-20105 IHVEBTEBS curve of current delivered f rom HHD generator to a conventional power grid by inverter system 14 p0141 A77-21253 IHVBSTBEHTS Investment planning in the energy sector [LBL-4474] 13 p0125 N77-14948 Operation couga drop 14 p0247 N77-21665 Technology transfer f rom foreign direct investment in the United States. Report of a seminar series [PB-263012/7] 15 p0358 N77-24018 IOB ACCELEBAT04S Systems analysis of accelerator and storage ring systems for inertial fusion 15 p0334 A77-39744 10H BEADS Ignition of a pulsed thermonuclear reaction by high-current ion beams 14 p0164 A77-23106 Design considerations for a migma advanced fuel fusion reactor 15 p0334 A77-39747 Solar array m a x i m u m power tracking with closed-loop control of a 30-centimeter ion thruster tNASA-Tfl-X-7J643] 15 p0376 N77-26222 IOB CtJBBEHTS Electric power fluctuations in a MHD generator 15 p0269 A77-32432 10H EHGIHES OK, T5 ion engine thrust vector control considerations [ A I A A PAPEa 76-1064] 13 p0045 A77-13030 IOH IBPLAITATIQH Silicon solar sells by high-speed low-temperature processing 15 p0258 A77-30728 IOH SODBCES Dpdate on the development of 120-keV multi-megawatt neutral beam source 15 p0335 A77-39749 IOHIC MOBILITY Practical reasons for investigating ion transport in high temperature insulating materials for energy conversion efficiency [COHF-760331-2] 14 p0227 H77-19935 A-130 SUBJECT IIDBX JET FLIPS IB1H Prospects for solar energy utilization in Iran - Photothermal methods 13 p0013 A77-11532 I BOH Environmental considerations of selected energy conserving manufacturing process options. Volume 3: Iron and steel industry report rPB-264269/2] 15 p0384 N77-26680 IH08 ALLOYS Metallurgical considerations in the production and use of FeTi alloys for hydrogen storage 13 p0033 177-12777 Hydrogen storage via iron-titanium for a 26 HH/e/ peaking electric plant 13 p0048 A77-13543 IBOH CHLOEIDES Experimental demonstration of an iron chloride thermochemical cycle for hydrogen production 13 p0032 A77-12772 Definition and analysis of thermochemical processes for hydrogen production based on iron-chlorine reactions 15 p0276 A77-33351 IHOH COHPOUNDS Development of compact lithium/iron disulfide electrochenical cells 13 p0026 A77-12715 The behavior of iron titanium hydride test beds - Long-term effects, heat transfer and modeling 15 p0280 A77-33386 Feasibility studies of chemical reactions for thermochemical water splitting cycles of the iron-chlcrine-, iron-sulfur- and manganese-sulfur families 14 p0238 N77-21572 Physical metallurgy of FeTi-hydride and its behavior in a hydrogen storage container 1U p02U2 H77-21620 The behavior of iron titanium hydride test beds: Long-term effects, heat transfer and modeling 11 p0242 N77-21621 IBOH OSES Dtilization of low and intermediate BTD gas from coal for ircn ore pelletizing fPB-2614702/2] 15 p0389 N77-27247 IEOH OXIDES Desulfurization of flue gases with iron/III/ oxide on porous carrier material - Theoretical and experimental investigation concerning the modelling of semicontinuous solid bed reactors with gas-sclid reactions German book 13 pOOSO A77-19184 IBEADIANCE computational program for accurate predeternination of irradiance and illuminance in connection with solar energy utilization 14 p0147 A77-21777 IHBIGATION Solar water pump for lift irrigation 13 p0019 A77-12406 ISLANDS Numerical solutions for steady free convection in island geothermal reservoirs 14 P0174 A77-24205 ISOCTAHATBS Fabrication of solar energy concentrators based on polyurethane foams using new polyol and isocyanate compounds 15 p0271 A77-32973 ISOTBEBHAL LAYEBS Isothermal surface in a radiation field in solar thermal energy devices 13 p0014 A77-11918 ISOTBEBHAL PROCESSES An isothernal etchback-regrowth method for high-efficiency Ga/1-x/Al/x/As-GaAs solar cells 15 p0257 A77-30372 ISOTOPE EFFECT Isotopic composition of steam samples from Lanzarote, Canary Islands 13 p0013 A77-11497 Locating interesting geothermal areas in the Tuscany region /Italy/ by geochemical and isotopic methods 13 p0013 A77-11498 ISOTOPE SEPABATIOH Energy and technology review racID-52000-76-2] 13 p0131 S77-15508 ISOTOPES Combined studies of the sun and isotope ecology 15 p0271 A77-32868 ITALY Remote sensing of geothermic activities of the volcanoes Aetna, Stromboli and Vesuv by means of infra-red HOAA-VHBH-satellite data Italy 13 p0104 N77-12485 Trends in refinery capacity and utilization: Petroleum refineries in the United States; foreign refinery exporting centers [PB-256966/3] 13 p0132 H77-15523 JAPAH Studies on the energy system of Hokkaido. I - First attempt: Model-I. II - Various data and their basis. Ill - Simulations by Hodel-I 15 p0287 A77-33526 JET AIBCHAFT A simplified method in flight test techniques for the determination of the range performance of jet aircraft 13 p0060 A77-16600 Fuel consumption of civil jet transport aircraft 13 p0062 A77-17234 Best-range flight conditions for cruise-climb flight of a jet aircraft 13 pOOSS N77-10379 The intermittent jet for supersonic conditions increased with passage to operating in a ramjet - A low cost engine 15 p0339 N77-22130 JET ENGINE FUELS i preliminary engineering assessment of jet fuel production from domestic coal and shale derived oils 13 p0023 A77-12690' Jet fuel quality considerations 15 p0272 A77-33273 A study of tae efficiency of hydrogen liquefaction jet aircraft applications 15 p0279 A77-33377 An exploratory study to determine the integrated technological air transportation system ground requirements of liquid-hydrogen-fueled subsonic, long-haul civil air transports fNASA-CB-2699 ] 13 p0083 N77-10033 National petroleum product supply and demand, 1976 - 1978 [PB-254969/9] ' 13 p O O S U S77-10224 Synthesis and analysis of jet fuel from shale oil and coal syncrudes rNASA-CR-135112] 13 p0103 H77-12230 Some cost, energy, environmental, and resource implications of synthetic fuels produced from coal for military aircraft [AD-A026667] 13 p O I I S N77-14271 Impact of fuel properties on jet fuel availability [AD-A029493] 14 p0219 1177-19278 A study of the efficiency of hydrogen liquefaction 14 p0240 N77-21611 Performance characteristics of turbo-rockets and turbo-ramjets using high energy fuel 15 p0339 N77-22131 Petroleum market shares - A report on sales of refined petroleum products, 1972 through 1975: Aviation gasoline, jet fuels, middle distillate fuel oils, residual fuel oil, motor gasoline fPB-262726/3] 15 p0360 N77-24321 Thermal stability of some aircraft turbine fuels derived f rom oil shale and coal rNASA-TH-i-35511 15 p0370 N77-25345 Effect of nitrogenous bases on the thermal stability of jet fuels CNASA-TH-75131] 15 p0388 N77-27243 JET ENGINES Effect of ceramic coating of JT8D combustor liner on maximum liner temperatures and other combustor performance parameters fNASA-TlI-X-73581 ] 13 p0126 N77-15037 The pros and cons of variable geometry turbines 15 p0340 H77-22140 JET FLAPS Static and wind-on tests of an upper-surface-blown jet-flap nozzle arrangement for use on the Quiet Clean Short-aaul Experimental Engine (QCSEE) [NASA-TN-D-8476] 15 p0370 N77-25086 A-135 JET FLOS SUBJECT IHDEX JET FLOB Performance and NOx emissions modeling of a jet ignition prechamber stratified charge engine [SAB PAPEB 760161] 13 p0016 477-12150 The influence of the Beynolds number on the profiles of velocity and concentration in free jets of different density 13 p0069 477-18500 Jp-« JET FDE1 • The impact of JP-4/JP-8 conversion on aircraft engine exhaust emissions C4D-A026546] 13 p0112 H77-13234 JP-4 and JP-9 fuel toxicity studies using water fish and anfvuchs .. [iD-4027594] 13 p0127 N77-15213 JP-5 JBI FOBL Electrostatic properties of JP-5 jet fnel from alternate sources fAD-A0256811 13 p0103 N77-12232 Evaluation of a JP-5 type fuel derived from oil shale f AD-A025H17;! 13 p0112 N77-13231 JP-8 JET FUEL The impact of JP-4/JP-8 conversion on aircraft engine exhaust emissions tAD-A026S46} 13 p0112 S77-1323U JONCTIOH DIODES .Spectral response of a laterally illuminated p-n junction as photodetector or photovoltaic energy converter 13 p0062 A77-17478 KAHSAS Assessment of fuel-conservation potential of a i. ground-transportation system due to ful l utilization of its mass transportation capabilities fPB-262 125/8] 15 p03i)7 H77-22-657 RAPTOR ( T B A D E B A B K ) Dse of Leian and Kapton honeycombs to increase solar collector efficiency 13 p0068 477-184118 KEHTOCKI •"'Strategic petroleum reserve draft environmental impact statement for Central Rock Mine fPB-262390/81 15 p0362 N77-24572 KE8OGEB Thermal alteration of young kerogen in relation to pettoleuii genesis 13 p0053 477-150144 Development of the modified in situ oil-shale process ' 14 p0193 477-27342 KEROSENE Evaluation of a JP-5 type fuel derived from oil shale TAD-A0254171 13 p0112 N77-13231 '•^Impact" of fuel properties on jet fuel availability r A D - 4 0 2 9 4 9 3 ] 14 P0219 N77-19278 KIHETIC BHBBGY Superflywheel energy storage and nonsynchronous AC/DC/AC electric transmission supplements power -' system operation .•; - 13 p0002 477-10638 Energy storage guality, duration, methods and forms 13 P0006 '477-11040 Hybrid drive with kinetic energy store as vehicle ; - drive f O C B L - T B A N S - 1 1 0 1 8 ] 13 p0120 H77-14486 Energy eguivalents for current and prospective automotive fuels in Canada CAD-A026195] 13 P0124 N77-14609 KIBETIC IBBOBT > Theoretical work on reaction sequences in the gasification of coke by carbon dioxide and by steam in conditions remote f rom equilibrium 1U p0198 A77-28776 KUB'ILE ISLANDS The nature and characteristics of the distribution of helium and argon isotopes in the geothermal waters of the Kuril Islands and Kamchatka 13 P0048 477-13589 L1BOB&TOBIBS EBDA Interlaooratory lork for Data Exchange (IWGDE) [LBL-5329] 15 p0352 N77-22998 LAKES Effects of thermal pollution on certain aguatic invertebrates [PB-263488/9J 15 p0368 H77-24673 LAUHAB BOOHDARI LATER Boundary-layer separation from the electrode wall of an HHD generator 13 p0048 477-13711 LABIBAB ?L01 Investigation of the flow and the temperature distribution in the vapor duct of a high-temperature heat pipe 15 p0306 A77-36708 Study of the characteristics of convective heat transfer in cylindrical solar energy receivers by solving the conjugate problem of heat exchange 15 p0316 477-37771 LAID USE Utilization of remote sensing techniques to detect land use effects on vildland water quality 13 p0071 A77-18984 Does solar energy demand more land surface, and more materials or energy investment than nuclear energy or fossil fuels - A preliminary study 14 p0155 A77-21857 Growth effects of major land use projects. Volume 2: Compilation of land use based emission factors FPB-255302/2] 13 p0092 N77-10709 The 29950 Earth Resource Technology Satellite (EBTS-A) sensor data for mineral resource sector development and regional land use survey. March - August 1976 Bolivia rE77-10023J 13 p0096 H77-11491 Draf t environmental assessment of application .by EBDA for a special land use permit for use of public lands in Wyoming for in situ coal gasification experiments [DCID-17011] . ' 13 p0100 N77-11572 . Development of a multi-disciplinary BETS user program in tae state of Ohio rE77-100 • \ . 15 p0333 A77-39655 \LEAD SDLFIDES Thermoelectric power of pseudoternary solid \ solutions ! \ ' -, 13 p0014 A77-11917 LEAD TELLOBIDES , The integral formulation of the thermoelectric figure-of-merit - Effects of lattice thermal conduction 13 p0042 A77-12850 LEADING EDGES Hydrodynamic equilibrium conditions for A G ( E H ) main strut-pod foil system using flap incidence control ' [AD-A027521j 13-p0127 N77-15220 LEAKAGE The influence of the transverse current . nonuniformity, caused by current leakages onto the insulating walls of the channel, on the local characteristics of a nonideal BHD generator 15 p0329 A77-39553 LEGAL LIABILITI National Meeting on Air and Space Law, 7th, Dniversidad Nacional de Cordoba, Cordoba and La Falda, Argentina, August 13-16, 1975, Proceedings 13 p0053 A77-15050 LESS DESIGN Evaluating a solar energy concentrator 13 p0047 A77-13505 Solar energy concentration with liquid lenses 14 p0158 A77-22649. A practical solar concentrator 14 p0171 A77-23657 Solar-optical analyses of a mass-produced plastic circular Fresnel lens 14 p0181 A77-25906 High level concentration of sunlight on silicon solar cells 15 p0267 A77-32208 Combination of focusing concentrators and focusing lenses 15 p0286 A77-33431 1-137 LBHSES SUBJECT INDEX LENSES Assembly and testing of a 1.8 by 3.7 meter Fresnelf • '-lens solar concentrator rNASA-CB-150300] 15 P0378 N77-26610 LEX AH (TBADEBABK) Dse of Leian and Kapton honeycombs to increase - solar collector efficiency : ! 13 p0068 A77-18418 LIFE {DOBABILITT) Efficiency calculations for Al/x/Ga/1-x/As-GaAs heteroface sclar cells 15 p0257 A77-30720 LIFT Numerical solution for the unsteady lifting characteristics of variable pitch cross-flow nind turbines 13 pOOII A77-12871 LIFT AOGHEHTATIOH . Evaluation of propulsive lift enhancement and variable cycle engines for advanced tactical • aircraft • - •: ' FAIAA PAPEF 77-885] 15 p0321 A77-38575 LIGHT AIBCBAFT Study of small turbofan engines applicable to single-engine light airplanes ! rNASA-CB-1379«4] 13 p0093 N77-11051 LIGHT TBAHSBISSIOH Dse of transparent heat reflecting coatings in solar energy converters • . - . ' • . • • ' 1 5 P0285 A77-33130 Concentration of scattered radiation by solar collectors 15 p0316 A77-37768 Heat mirrored solar energy receivers TAIAA PAPEB 77-7281 15 p0321 A77-39506 LIGHT BATBB BBEEDEB HEACTOBS '• ' •' Energy storage in the form of latent heat 14 p0157 A77-22350 Energy investment in nuclear and solar power plants 15 p0257 A77-30599 Occupational radiation exposure at light water : cooled power reactors; 1969-1975 . rfB-257054/7] 13 p0125 N77-11710 An initial comparative assessment of orbital and ••--'-• terrestrial central power systems i , rNASA-CB-1E2688] 15 p0313 N77-22612 Conceptual design study for a laser fusion hybrid fUCBL-78682] 15 P0397 U77-27926 LIGHTING EQOIEHEHT Lnmiducts for Ecopolis urban solar light " ••. '. .collection and transmission-.system . V- . : 13 p0079 A77-19116 Lighting with sunlight using sun tracking concentrators . 15 p0260 A77-31215 LIHESTONB .. . v.I Isotopic composition of, .steam samples from . • . .'• 'Lanzarote, Canary Islands 13 p0013 A77-11197 . LIMITS (HAT8EBATICS) , ; . . , ; Limiting nechanisms in SHD generator performance • r&D-A0259it93 13 p0111 H77-12879 LIBEAB AGBAIS Simulation of the performance of a solar energy plant using uniaxial parabolic collectors, with a one-degree-of-freedom pointing system, at different latitudes '•' . 14 p016f» A77-23297 LINEAB PBO6BABBIIG * The application of linear programming methods to the problem of choosing reguired reserves of energy for controlled plants 14 p0196 A77-28255 • . A linear economic model of fuel and energy use in the United States. Volume 1: Hodel Description ' and results : [PB-252«85/8] . 13 p0088 877-10662 LIHEAB SISTERS . ; Internal problem for the end effect in a linear asynchronous BHD-machine operating at an arbitrary current load 15 p02S5 A77-35799 LIHIHG PBOCESSES Effect of ceramic coating of JT8D combustor liner, on maximum liner temperatures and other combnstor performance parameters tNASA-TB-X-73581] 13 p0126 N77-15037 LIPIDS Analysis of steranes and triterpanes in "geolipid extracts by automatic 'classification 'of mass spectra • 15 p0260 A77-31262 LIQUEFACTION A study of the efficiency of hydrogen liquefaction Mi p0240 N77-21611 LIQDEPIED NATDfiAL GAS Bisk management of liguefied natural gas ; ' installations 13 p0002 A77-10151 Applications or cryogenic technology. Volume 8 Book " ' 111 p0159 A77-22868 Liguefied natural gas for California 11 p0183 A77-26083 '-Political and economic justification for immediate realization of a syn fuels industry 1U p'0191 A77-27276 ° The importation of liguefied natural gas •11 p0191 A77-27607 ' 'Sh ip steel ueldments for low temperature service [PB-256997/8 J 13 'p0103 N77-12203 A study to obtain verification of Liguid Natural Gas (ING) tank 'loading criteria • T A D - A 0 2 5 7 1 6 ] ' 13 p0120 N77-14192 Bibliography on Liguefied Natural ' Gas ( L N G ) safety fNASA-TM-X-73108] - 13 p0127 N77-15208 ' •Small scale tests on control methods for some liguefied natural gas hazards • ' • ' - [AD-A033522] 15 p0311 N77-22293 Economic feasibility: Fuel grade methanol from coal CTID-27156] 15 p0315 N77-22630 Supply of liguafied natural gas to the Northeast- - [ BNL-50556 j .15 p0392- N77-2752 1 LIQUID ABHONIA - . ' . : - • - c Gasification of coals treated with non-aque'ous - solvents. I - Liguid ammonia treatment o f i a ' • • ^ bituminous coal - • • " - 11 p0198 A77-2877B LIQUID COOLING Hater reguiremants for an integrated SNG plant and mine operation ' - 13 p0060 A77-16651 HHD systems with low cooling requirements' . • ' ' 15 p0332 A77-39575 LIQUID FLOI ' Liguid flou pattern in extraction of geothermal energy • .' . - :• .. 11 p0135-A77-19706 ' Performance gravity-assisted heat pipes operated at small tilt angles . - ': : • ^ . f A I A A PAPfifl 77-750] . 15 p0311.A77-37263 A zero g variable conductance heat pipe using • bubble puop injection • : . r - [ A I A A PAPSB 77-752] , 15 p0311 A77-37265 LIQUID HIDBOGEH Liguid hydrogen as propellant for commercial i '. aircraft ' ... • - . • , . •<. [DGLB PAP^B 76-188]i . 13 p0059. A77-16531 A study-of the efficiency of hydrogen liquefaction jet aircraft applications , •-• - . ; 15 p0279 A77-33377 A system consideration of the cryogenic storage tank for liquid hydrogen-, fueled • vehicles and -the . resulting tank concept for a passenger, car 15 p0279 A77-33378 Some early perspectives on ground requirements of liquid JiFdrogen air transports 15 p0281 A77-33391 Fuel subsystem characteristics for LH2 aircraft 15 p0281 A77-33393 Development of a liquid hydroqen car 15 p0282 A77-33391 Crash test of a liquid hydrogen automobile 15 p0282 A77-33397 Reciprocating p u m p for conversion of" liquid hydrogen to uigh pressure gaseous hydrogen 15 p0281 A77-33109 Solar energy depot using liquid hydrogen as fuel and oxygen as oxidizer [AIAA PAPiS 77-726] 15 p0311 A77-37251 LH2 airport requirements study [NASA-CB-2700] 13 p0083 N77-10032 A-138 SUBJECT IBDEI LOR PBESSDBE An exploratory study to determine the integrated technological air transportation system ground requirements of liguid-hydrogen-fueled subsonic, long-haul civil air transports fHASA-CR-26991 13 p0083 K77-10033 The potential of liguid hydrogen as a military aircraft fuel FAD-A0266661 13 p0118 H77-11272 A study of the efficiency of hydrogen liquefaction 11 p0210 H77-21611 A system consideration of the cryogenic storage tank for liguid hydrogen fueled vehicles and the resulting tank concept for a passenger car 11 p0210 H77-21612 First World Hydrogen Energy Conference proceedings, volume 3 11 p02M3 H77-21626 Some early perspectives on ground requirements of liquid hydrogen air transports 11 p0213 N77-21628 Fuel subsystem characteristics for LH2 aircraft 11 p0213 N77-21630 Development of a liguid hydrogen car 11 p0211 H77-21632 Crash test of a liguid hydrogen automobile 11 p021lt N77-21635 Reciprocating pump for conversion of liquid hydrogen to high pressure gaseous hydrogen 11 p0215 H77-21617 LIQUID IBJECTIOH i zero g variable conductance heat pipe using bubble pomp injection [AIAA PAPEB 77-7521 15 P0311 A77-37265 LIQOID LEVELS Method and equipment for the introduction of liquid »aste fuels into a fluidized layer [BLL-ETS-101001 15 p0359 S77-21205 LIQUID HBTSLS Liquid-metal BHD - Cycle studies and generator experiments 13 p0031 A77-12785 Central station solar electric power using liquid metal heat transport 13 p0037 A77-12806 Study of the properties of heat pipes with liquid-metal heat-transfer agents in low-temperature regimes 13 p0016 A77-132U3 Investigation of two-phase'liquid-metal magnetohydrodynamic fovei systems . - 13 pQ057 A77-16212 Liquid-metal HHD coupled to coal-fired ' fluidized-bed combustors 11 p01 Dniversity of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa., May 21-26, 1976 1* p0139 A77-212114 Investigation of two-dimensional electric effects in a sectional HHD-channel i 15 p0317 177-37930 BAGHETOHYDBOEYHAHIC GENEBAIOBS Performance theory of diagonal conducting vail HHD generators 13 P0001 177-10202 Effect of nonnniform conductivity in the boundary layer at the electrode nail on local characteristics of an BHD generator with a diagonal electrode configuration and a subsonic stream . : 13 pOOOl 177-10423 Study of the ionization of the additive in HHD installations V 13 p0002 177-10424 Non-equilibrium BHD power generation usinq non-seeded arqon plasma 13 p0004 177-11022 ' Energy conservation with advanced power generating systems 13 p0026 177-12723 BBD power generation - 1976 Statns Beport coal-fired•design 13 p0033 177-12782 Investigation of direct coal-fired MHD power . generation .;,-! 13 p0034 177-12783 'Liquid-metal magnetohydrodynamic system evaluation v;' coal-fired designs 13 p0034 177-12784 Liquid-metal BBD - Cycle studies and qenerator experiments 13 p0034 177-12785 System stndies of coal fired-closed cycle MHD for > central station power plants . • - 13 p0034 A77-12786 POLS1B, an unconventional topping stage MHD generation with metallic armature produced magnetic flux compression > 13 p0034 177-12788 BHE-- Energy transformation by burning coal , , 13 p0045 177-12940 Calculation of turbulent magnetohydrodynamic boundary layers in BHD generator channels . . . 13 p0046 177-13242 Evaporation of solution droplets in a v high-temperature medium potassium carbonate HHD flow properties 13 p0046 177-13254 Influence of various losses on the characteristics - of high-power MHD generators 13 p0046 177-13258 Boundary-layer separation from the electrode wall of an MHD generator . 13 p0048 177-13711 Experiment on HHD generator with a large-scale superconducting magnet /ETL Bark T/ 13 p0049 177-13728 Diffuse thermal model of electrode erosion for BHD generators 13 p0049 177-14319. Study of cathode spots in the presence of slag films on the electrodes of an open-cycle HHD generator 13 p0053 177-15005 Shock tube for investigations of high-temperature HHD generators 13 p005» 177-15665 Study of the electrical characteristics of the boundary layer on the metal surfaces in the channels of an open cycle BHD generator 13 p0054 A77-15666 Acoustic properties of subsonic HHD channel 13 p0054 177-15668 Investigation of two-phase liquid-metal magnetohydrodynamic power systems 13 p0057 177-16212 Scblieren measurements of a high density z-pinch 13 p0060 177-16697 Limiting capabilities with respect to electric power generation of a pulsed BHD generator operating at a resistive load • • 13 p0064 177-17917 Construction of two—dimensional steady-state solution of equations of a nonequilibrium • magnetized plasma 13 p0065 177-18130 Slag interaction phenomena on BHD generator electrodes [AHA PAPEB 77-109] 14 p0135 A77-19833 Some results of an investigation with the D-25 experimental-industrial facility, aimed at raising its parameters to the design level HHD generator energy converter 14 p0136 177-20105 Measurement of the excess oxidant ratio in the R combustion products of an HHD-generator . 14 p0136 177-20107 Engineering' aspects of magnetohydrodynamics; Proceedings of the Fifteenth Symposium, University or Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa., May 24-26, 1976 14 p0139 177-21214 Joint test of an O.S. electrode system in the O.S.S.B. U-02 facility 14 p0139 A77-21215 In-channel observations on coal slag in MHD generators 14 p0139 177-21222 Beplenishment processes and flow train interaction in BHD generators , : 14 p0139 177-21223 Slag layers in direct coal-fired BHD power : generation <-. 14 p0139 177-21224 Test results on the spinel electrode module in laboratory and simulated HHD environment • ; . 14 p0140 177-21227 Crystallization and vaporization studies on' " • synthetic'coal slag compositions 14 p0140 177-21228 Thermionic emission characteristics of seeded coal ,_: slags / 14 p0140 177-21229 / Utilization of Restern coal for BHD energy / " ' conversion 14 p0140 177-21230 i Influence of coal type and drying upon HHD power -; plants and components . L 14 p0140 177-21231 ' Development of a baseline reference design for an open cycle HUD•power plant-for commercial service 14 p0140 177-21232 The technology base for large MHD superconducting magnets 14 p0140 177-21233 Progress on the Hark VI long-duration HHD generator 14 p0141 177-21237 , Experimental investigation on a direct coal-fired HHD generator 14 p0141 177-21238 Effects of devolatilization kinetics and ash behavior on coal fired HHD combustor design , . 14 p0141 177-21248 Applications of the rapid devolatilization of coal in HHD power cycles 14 p0141 177-21249 Recent experimental studies of the interaction of potassium seed with coal slag in a direct-coal fired BHD generator • • 14 p0141 177-21250 Kinetics of regeneration of spent seed from HHD power generation systems 14 p0141 A77-21251 Voltage consolidation, and control circuits for multiple-electrode HHD generators 14 p0141 177-21252 Curve of current delivered from HBD generator to a conventional power grid by inverter system 14 p0141 177-21253 Progress on the testing of refractories for- directly-fired BHD air heater service 14 p0142 177-21254 Joint OS-OSSB experimental studies of the dependence of plasma electrical conductivity on plasma temperature performed in the Ivco Hark VI HHD facility 14 p0142 177-21257 i-141 HAGHETOHTDBODIHiSIC GEHBBATOBS COHTD SDBJECT IIIDEI Consideration of three-dimensional effects in HHD pover generators 1U p0142 477-21261 All-round technical and economic investiqations of open-cycle industrial HHD generator channels and superconducting magnet systems 11 p0112 477-21266 System studies of coal fired-closed cycle HHD for central station power plants 14 P0142 A77-21267 ECAS BED system studies Energy Conversion Alternatives Study 11 p0142 A77-21268 Liguid-metal BSD coupled to coal-fired fluidized-bed combustors 11 p0113 A77-21269 Problems of analysis of the power characteristic of a high capacity magnetohydrodynamic pover station 11 P0143 A77-21270 Air Force applications of lightweight superconducting machinery 1<4 pOKt A77-21360 Superconducting magnets for an HHD test facility and base load power plant 14 p0144 A77-21379 The minimum combustion gas recirculation ratio for fuel gas conversion in a HHD cycle 14 P0157 A77-22552 The long term stability of magnetic liguids for energy conversion devices 1i» p0177 477-24573 The Tethered Balloon Current Generator - A space shuttle-tethered subsatellite for plasma studies and pover generation 14 p0184 A77-26200 Induction devices - A new type of magnetohydrodynamic converter 14 P0198 A77-28786 Experimental investigation of energy conversion efficiency during the interaction of a conduct ing-fluid piston with a magnetic field . 14 p0204 A77-29618 ' Evaporation of a drop of solution in a high-temperature medium potassium carbonate HHD flow properties • 15 p0263 477-31534 Effect of various losses on the characteristics of poverful HHD generators " 15 p0263 A77-31538 Calculation of thermal stresses in ceramic elements of the refractory channel vails of a magnetohydrodynamic generator 15 p0263 A77-31540 Investigation of a coaxial explosion-type MHD generator ' : 15 p0268 A77-32313 Electric pover fluctuations in a HHD generator 15 p0269 A77-32432 Cathode spots on metallic electrodes of an MHD-channel 15 p0269 A77-32518 Experimental study of accelerating HHD-generator }ets with supersonic flow distortion • 15 p0269 A77-32519 Influence of flow nonnniformity on plasma instability at the channel wall 15 p0269 A77-32520 Processing of experimental data with the 0-25 facility vitb the aid of a data measuring system HHD generator 15 p0269 477-32521 Laser anemcmetry in high velocity, high temperature boundary layers 15 p0288 A77-33708 Boundary layer neasureaents of temperature and electron number density profiles in a combustion BHD generator 15 p0288 477-33710 Conductivity of seeded conbnstion products of acetylene systems 15 p0288 A77-3U039 Hatecials utilization in & direct coal-fired HHD generator system 15 p0292 477-35151 Structure of the electric field in the near-end space of a cylindrical electrode 15 p0295 477-35607 Calculation of the electric fields and currents in a plasma flowing in a spatially periodic magnetic field for MHD generator 15 p0295 A77-35798 Internal problem for the end effect in a linear asynchronous MRD-machine operating at an arbitrary current load 15 p0295 A77-35799 Investigation of the Hall effect in the plasma of an inductive high-freguency discharge 15 p0297 A77-36088 Tvo-dimensionai analysis of end effects in diagonal type noneguilibrium plasma MHD generator 15 p0297 A77-36097 , Explosively driven HHD generator power systems for pulse pover applications 15 p0299 A77-36300 -, Design of closed-cycle HHD generator vith noneguillDrium ionization and system 15 p0303 A77-36381 Improvements in f luid machines and systems for energy conversion. Volume 4 Book 15 p0309 A77-36815 , N on eguilibrium ionization in a linear magnetohvdrodynamic generator, using a high pressure supersonic argon flow 15 p0309 A77-36817 The influence of f inite electrode segmentation on , : electrical performances of the Faraday HD generator 15 p0309 A77-36936 Reduction or toe transverse edge effect in linear machines vita homogeneous secondary armature by changing the air gap configuration 15 p0310 A77-36939 Limiting values of the energy generated by pulsed MHD-converters 15 p0316 A77-37929 Investigation of two-dimensional electric effects in a sectional MHD-channel 15 p0317 A77-3793Q. An optimization approach to the design of the , preheatec for a magnetohydrodynamic powerplant 15 p0318 A77-38207 Sxperiment on dHD generator with a large scale superconducting magnet /ETL H a r k - V / 1 15 p0325 A77-39527 Mark VI MHD generator studies 15 p0325 A77-39528 Experimental investigation of multiple-loaded diagonal conducting vail generators 15 p0325 'A77-39529 Gaseous electrode development at EMC for plasma channel operation in HHD generators 15 p0325 A77-39530 The disk geometry applied to open cycle MHD power generation - Experiments and theoretical considerations 15 p0325 A77-39531 Design, construction, and testing of a compact, lightweigat combustion driven HHD generator channel and diffuser 15 p0326 A77-39532 Results of closed cycle HHD pover generation tests vith a helium-cesium vorking fluid 15 p0326 477-39533 Holecnlar gas performance of a disk generator vith swirl 15 p0326 A77-39534 '• Experimental fluctuation analysis in a noble gas SHD generator 15 p0326 477-39535 Argon contamination associated vith ceramic regenerative heat exchangers for closed cycle HHD 15 p0326 477-39536 r Determination of the non-eguilibrium HBD generator optimal parameters in a thermonuclear pover station vith 'Tokamak* type reactor 15 p0326 477-39537 Initial generator tests with revised ambient-temperature liquid-metal HHD facility 15 p0326 477-39538 . sodium-nitrogen liguid-metal HHD facility initial test results 15 p0327 477-39539 The second joint test of a D.S. electrode system ' in the.O.S.S.B. 0-02 facility 15 p0327 477-39540 1-142 SUBJECT IHDEZ BAIHTENANCE Corrosion of potential BED preheater materials in liquid slaq and slag-seed 15 p0327 A77-39541 Generator wall slag coating and material corrosion experiments 15 p0327 177-39542 Desian and performance of high temperature ceramic electrode modules in MHD generators 15 p0327 477-39543 Progress on the testing of refractories for directly-fired MHD air heater service. II 15 p0328 A77-39544 The evaluation of electrode materials for slag coated HBD channels 15 p0328 177-39545 Plasma luminosity fluctuations as a diagnostic tool — for coal-fired MHD facility 15 p0328 177-39547 Some results of HHD-laser investigation 15 p0328 A77-39549 Electrical and thermal instabilities in the electrode surface region in a combustion HHD generator channel 15 p0328 A77-39550 Electrical behavior of slag coatings in coal-fired ''HHD generators 15 p0328 A77-39551 Axial field limitations in BHD generators 15 p0328 A77-39552 The influence of the transverse current nonuniformity, caused by current leakages onto the insulating walls of the channel, on the local characteristics of a nonideal HHD generator 15 p0329 177-39553 Study of the maximum Hall voltages and interelectrode breakdown in the .channel of an open-cycle BHD generator - A joint D.S.-D.S.'S.E. experiment on the D02 facility HHD generator 15 p0329 177-39554 Ohm's law for plasmas with non-isotropic inhomogeneities and its effects on the performance cf MHD generators 15 p0329 A77-39555 Three dimensional current distribution in diagonal conducting wall channels .. 15 p0329 177-39556 Coupled electrical and fluid calculations in the cross plane in linear MHB generators 15 p0329 A77-39557 Calculation of end effects in open-cycle MHD power generators 15 p0329 A77-39558 In experimental investigation of fluctuating properties within a combustion HHD generator . . . 15 p0330 A77-39559 A consideration of some three-dimensional effects in BHD channel 15 p0330 A77-39560 Electrode phenomena in slagging HHD channels 15 p0330 177-39561 Slag flow and current transport in a simulated generator environment 15 p0330 A77-39562 Some properties of coal slags of importance to HHD 15 p0330 A77-395C3 Comparison of measurements and predictions of the fluid mechanics and thermal behavior of HHD channel slag layers 15 p0330 177-39564 Devolatilization of pulverized coal during rapid heating in exhaust gases of combustion driven HHD generators 15 p0331 A77-39566 Subsonic BHD-diffuser performance with high blockage 15 p0331 A77-39567 Ignition and combustion behavior of pulverized coal jets in hot oxidizing atmospheres for BHD systems 15 p0331 A77-39568 Superconducting magnet development for the HHD program 15 p033V 177-39569 Investigation of factors influencing potassium seed recovery in a direct coal-fired generator system 15 p0331 A77-39570 A heat capacitor for MHD electric power generation systems 15 p0331 A77-39571 Dynamic modeling and control of magnetohydrodynamic/steam electrical power • generating plants 15 p0332 177-39572 Part-load performance and voltage-current characteristics of a base load MHD generator s 15 p0332 177-39573 Economic and energy considerations in BHD seed f regeneration for sulfur oxides removal in coal-fired power plants 15 p0332 177-39574 BHD systems with low cooling requirements 15 p0332 177-39575 Coal fired non-equilibrium closed cycle HHD power plant system since EC1S Energy Conversion : Alternatives study 15 p0332 A77-39576 Status of tae reference dual-cycle MHD-steam power , plant 15 p0332 A77-39577 Open-cycle coal burning BHD power plants for , . commercial service 15 p0333 177-39578 A summary of tae EC1S MHD power plant results . [HASA-TH-X-73491] 13 p0086 N77-10642 Costs of alternative sources of electricity [PB-255765/0] 13 p0107 N77-12528 Limiting mechanisms in BHD generator performance rAD-1025949] 13 p0111 1177-12879 On the nature of fluctuatipns in an open cycle magnetohydrodynamic generator 13 p0117 N77-13841 .Abstracts: 1976 1POS8 Contractors' meeting on HHD Power Generation and Lasers A C1D-A027654] 13 p0133 H77-15845 Velocity and temperature distributions of coal-slag layers on magnetohydrodynamic generators walls [NASA-T8-D-8396 ] 14 p0207 N77-16445 Estimates of optimal generating conditions for hydrogen-oxygen cesium-seeded , . magneto-hydrodynamic power generator [NASA-TN-D-8374] . 14 p0213.H77-178S2 Design study of superconducting magnets for a combustion magnetohydrodynamic (HHD) generator ... [HASA-CB-135178) 14 p0234 S77-20886 High power study, superconducting generators ' CAD-1031620] , 15,p0342 N77-22408 Results of closed cycle MHD power generation test with a helium-cesium working fluid [HASA-TB-lt-73621] , 15 p0357 N77-23936 MHD generator investigations —,- feasibility ; analysis [AD-A032790] 15 p0358 N77-23952 1 numerical model to evaluate the behavior of a • - - regenerative heat exchanger at high temperature for magnetohydrodynamic generator ,. rTH-76-E-66] 15 p0377 N77-26439 Applied research in the general area of charged particle chemistry related to coal-fired BHD [PB-263873/2J 15 p0387 N77-26987 Experimental two-phase liquid-metal magnetohydrodynamic generator program [AD-1035245] 15 p0387 N77-26988 TBW 25 Mil/suo I/staged HHD coal combustor conceptual design study [TID-27145] 15 p0396 H77-27922 BHD combustor design study coal-fired systems [TID-27144] 15 p0396 N77-27923 HASHETOHYDBODlfSASIC IDBBOLEHCB Calculation of turbulent magnetohydrodynamic boundary layers in BHD generator channels 13 p0046 177-13242 SIGH BTOHYDHODYN ASICS Symposium on tae Engineering Aspects of - Bagnetohydrodynamics, 16th, University of Pittsburtja, Pittsburgh, Pa.,**Hay 16-18, 1977, Proceedings 15 P0325 177-39526 BHD generator investigations feasibility analysis [AD-A032790} 15 p0358 1177-23952 BAINTEH1BCE B6B - Today's heating and cooling vs. solar energy 13 p0002 A77-10482 A guide for the conversion to and maintenance of -. hydrogen-fueled, spark-ignited engines 13 p0033 A77-12779 A-143 BiLI SDBJECT IHDEI BALI The role of solar energy in developing nations - The perspectives in Hali 13 pOOSO A77-19125 BAH EBVIBOSBEBT IBTEBACTIOHS Environmental aspects of energy conversion and ase 13 p0006 A77-11044 Energy analysis and the coupling of oan and estuaries 15 p0290 A77-34449 Effects of nitrogen fertilizers and combustion on the stratospheric ozone layer 15 P0290 A77-34895 HAHASBBEHT HBTHODS Energy management resources, supply, t conversion and utilization 15 p030U A77-3612U Accounting methods for new-technology non-utility energy installations ' 15 p0322 A77-38675 Energy: The policy planning framework in state governments. Volume 1: Summary report fPB-254466/6] 13 p0089 H77-10665 Energy: The policy planning framework in state governments. Volume 2: Appendices [PB-254467/q] 13 p0089 N77-10666 Optimizing the use of materials and energy in transportation construction fPB-253713/2] 13 p0096 N77-11175 Structural reform in the electric power industry CPB-264589/3] 15 p0389 S77-27316 Energy management in residential and small commercial buildings CBNL-50576] 15 p0392 N77-27511 HAHAGEBEHT PIABHIBG < Contribution to the solution of planning problems in electric power generation /effects of random disturbances/ 15 P0294 A77-35399 Hulti-year tine frame optimization of power systems with fossil, nuclear, hydro, pumped storage and peaking units 13- p0096 B77-11525 Methodology for ranking geo.thermal reservoirs in non-electric industrial applications [HTB-7241] 14 p0222 N77-19610 Fossil energy research program of the Energy Besearch and Development Administration, FY 1977 fEHDA-76-63] 11 p0222 N77-19611 Recommendations for a DS geothermal research plan. Volume 1: Appendix A: Glossary. Appendix B: Task analysis sheets fPB-261567/2] 15 p0316 N77-22641 Recommendations for a OS geothermal research plan. Volume 2: Executive summary [PB-261568/0] 15 p0346 B77-22642 Recommendations for a geothermal utilization plan. Volume 3 [PB-261569/81 15 p0316 B77-22643 Study to assess the application of shadow pricing techniques to national energy resource planning tBBL-50537] 15 p0369 H77-2i(997 Energy and resource planning group COCBL-50029-76] 15 p0372 B77-25634 BABAGBBEBT SISTERS Risk management of lignefied natural gas installations 13 p0002 A77-10451 BABGSBESE COBEOOIDS Feasibility studies of chemical reactions for thermocbemical water splitting cycles of the iron-chlorine-, iron-sulfur- and manganese-sulfur families 114 p0238 H77-21572 BAHOALS Buying solar consumer information ... 'i f PB-26213<4/01 . 15 p0348 N77-22673 Planner's energy workbook: A users' manual for . land use and energy utilization [BNL-215I46] 15 p0364 N77-24596 HABOFACTOBIBG Solar energy for the Australian food processing industry i 1(4 p0181 A77-25900 Demonstration cf the feasibility of automated silicon solar cell fabrication . fNASA-CB-135095] 13 p0129 B77-15492 Solar collector manufacturing activity, January-June 1976 [PB-258865/5] ' 114 p0208 B77-16455 Fuel cell stacks [AD-A030375] 14 p0213 877-17603 , Silicon thin film crystallization and solar cell 1 fabrication ; , ' [PB-261715/71 ' 1 5 p0348 B77-22670 Silicon Schottny photovoltaic diodes for solar energy conversion CPB-263172/9] 15 p0357 N77-23624 4 Environmental considerations of selected energy conserving manufacturing process options. Volume 4: Petroleum refining industry report , [PB-264270/OJ 15 p038<4 N77-26681 Environmental considerations of selected energy conserving manufacturing pro.cess options. Volume 5: Pulp and paper industry report ' [PB-264271/8J 15 p0381 ^77-26682 , Environmental considerations of selected energy conserving manufacturing process options. Volume 6: Olefins industry report [PB-264272/6J 15 P038Q B77-26683 ".Environmental considerations of selected energy - ' conserving manufacturing process options. / Volume 7: Ammonia industry report ./. [PB-264273/4J 15; p0384 N77-26684 Environmental considerations of selected energy / couserviag manufacturing process options. /- Volume 8: Alumina/aluminum industry report f PB-264274/2) 15 p0384 N77r26685 Environmental considerations of.selected energy conserving manufacturing process options. Volume 9: Textile industry report / [PB-264275/9] 15 p038H B77-26686 Environmental considerations of selected energy , conserving manufactur ing process options. Volume 10: Cement industry report [PB-26<4276/7] ' 15 p038a N77-26687 Environmental considerations of selected energy . conserving manufacturing process options. Volume 11: Glass industry -[PB-264277/51 15 p038« B77-26688 Environmental considerations of selected energy conserving manufactur ing process options.. . Volume 12: chlor-alkali industry report [PB-261J278/31 15 p0385 ,B77r26689 Environmental considerations of selected energy ,. -\ • conserving manufacturing process options. "', Volume 13: Phosphoric acid industry report rPB-2614279/1 1 , 15 p0385 N77-26690 Environmental considerations .of selected energy conserving manufactur ing process options. Volume 1i*: pr imary copper industry report [PB-264230/91 ". .15 p0385 B77-26691 • Environmental considerations of selected energy conserving manufactur ing process options. Volume 15: Fertilizer industry report • [PB-2642d1/7] . '15 p0385 S77-26692 BAPPIHG . Applying computer-drawn maps .of geologic, da t a to 1 analysis of mining problems - - : CPB-255it97/0] 13 p0096 N77-11518 BABIBE BIOLOGI • • . . Conference proceedings. Energy f rom the Oceans, Fact or Fantasy fPB-256093/6] - 13 p O I O S N77-125U7 H4BIBE EHVIBOHBEBIS , Conference proceedings. Energy f rom the Oceans, Fact or Fantasy rPB-256093/6) 13 p0108 H77-125«7 BAEIHE PBOPOLSIOS . Superconducting machinery for Baval ship propulsion 111 pOlil i t A77-21361 An evaluation of methanol, ethanol, the propanols, ' and the butauols as ship propulsion fuels r AD-S033483 1 15 p035il N77-23277 BARIBE BESOOBCBS The conversion of ocean farm kelp to methane and other products 15 p031i4 A77-37662 Energy f rom the Oceans, 13 p O I O S 1177-12547 • Conference proceedings Fact or Fantasy fPB-256093/6] BABIHE TECBHOLOGI OTEC - Aerospace and ocean engineering in partnership Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion : f A I A A PAPifi 77-296] 13 p0066 A77-18227 A-114 SUBJECT INDEX BATEBIALS TESTS Badioisotope power sources in the terrestrial and marine environment 14 p0196 A77-28170 HABITIHB SATELLITES Space: A resource for earth - AD AIAA review Book 15 p0269 A77-32440 BASKET BESBABCH A summary of solar heating and cooling of buildings /SHACOB/ - Phase I demonstration planning studies 13 p0039 A77-12821 The dynamics of ST01 /The Daniel and Florence Guggenheim Lecture/ -— utility aircraft for short haul service in remote areas riCAS PAPEB 76-01] 13 p0081 A77-19247 Evaluation of the practical aspects of the use of coal derived synthetic fuels fASHE PAPEB 76-WA/APC-6 ] 14 p0184 A77-26411 Commodity hydrogen from off-peak electricity 15 p0283 A77-33403 The future outlook for D.S. electricity supply and demand ' . 15 p0286 A77-33496 The competitive market for commercial VSTOL f A I A J 17-5731 15 p0290 A77-34933 International energy evaluation system 15 p0319 A77-38216 A derived demand model of energy demand in the transportation sector 15 p0319 A77-38217 Economics of depletable resources: Market forces and intertemporal bias fPB-255623/11 13 p0111 N77-12930 Petroleum market shares: A report on sales of distillate and residual fuel oil to ultimate consumers, 1975 [PB-260565/7] 15 p0341 H77-22292 Incremental pricing of supplemental gas rPB-263689/2] 15 p0360 877-24319 Petroleum market shares - A report on sales of refined petroleum products, 1972 through 1975: Aviation gasoline, jet fuels, middle distillate fuel oils, residual fuel oil, motor gasoline rPB-262726/3] ' 15 p0360 877-24321 Evaluation of rail"rapid transit and express bus service in the urban commuter market fPB-265236/0] 15 p0398 877-28016 BABKBTIHG Analysis of state solar energy options t"PB-254730/5] ' 13 p0091 877-10688 Petroleum market shares. Beport on sales of propane to ultimate consumers, 1975 CPB-255624/9] . • - • - . . 1 3 p0108 877-12540 Competitively priced hydrogen via high-efficiency ' nuclear electrolysis It p0237 877-21558 Potential for producing' and marketing gasoline substitutes from western coal [BSHL-2080(BAP-4) ] 15 p0340 877-22291 HASS FLOW •'• Slag flow and current transport in a simulated generator environment • ' 15 p0330 A77-39562 BASS FLOB BATE -- Optimal mass flow rates through flat plate solar collector panels ' [ASBB PAPEB 76-WA/SOL-19] 14 p0190 A77-26524 Two-phase flow in geothermal energy sources : [TID-27129] 1U p0250 877-21689 HASS SPECTBOSCOPI Analysis of steranes and triterpanes in geolipid extracts by automatic classification of mass ' spectra 15 p0260 A77-31262 BASS IBAHSFEB Heat transfer - A review of 1975 literature 13 p0002 177-10615 Future energy production systems: Heat and mass t transfer processes. V.olme 1 Book 13 p0056 A77-16201 Heat and mass transfer for solar energy utilization 13 p0057 A77-16205 Future energy production systems: Heat and mass transfer processes. Volume 2 Book 11 p0171 A77-24201 Problems of heat and mass transfer in geothernal energetics i ' . . . . - 1 i | p0174 477-24202 Some aspects or heat and mass transfer in geothermal wells 14 p0175 A77-24209 Heat and mass transfer problems associated with alternative energy production , . .. 14 p0176 A77-24216 QInvestigation of the 'crisis' of heat and mass transfer in low-temperature wickless heat pipes 15 p0316 A77-37927 , Heat and mass transfer analysis of Bacon-type hydrogen-oxygen fuel cells - The volume average velocity , 15 p0321 A77-38531 The rate of mass transfer in a solar regenerator 15 p0323 A77-39109 BiTEBIALS HiHDLIHG ,- The physics of magnetic separation ' . 15 P0323 A77-39119 BATEBIALS BECOTEBX - The reprocessing of nuclear fuels 13 p0055 A77-15807 Energy and environmental impacts of materials alternatives - An assessment of guantitative understanding 13 p0070 A77-18738 % Demonstration, of pyrolysis and materials recovery in San Diego, California 14 p0137 A77-20521 .. Recent experimental studies of the interaction of potassium seed with coal slag in a .direct-coal , fired USD generator 14 p0141 A77-21250 Kinetics of regeneration of spent seed from HHD power generation systems ' 14 p0141 A77-21251 Hew life for old garbage - Resource and energy recovery from solid wastes 14 p0199 A77-29096 Energy from wastes • >• • 15 p0272 'A77-33280 Energy from wood wastes 15 P0273 A77-33301 _ Becovering metal f rom trash 15 p0287 A77-33529 The Garrett oil-from-waste process and resource , recovery system ' ' 15 p0293 A77-35162 , District heating with refuse' derived fuel at 1 . Wright-Patterson Air Force Base f ' '• 15 p0293 A77-35164 •'union Electric Company ' s 8000 ton per day solid waste utilization system 15 p0313 A77r37656 •' Besource recovery and flash pyrolysis of municipal refuse 15 p0313 A77-37657 •''-' The POBOX System solid waste partial oxidation * r to fuel gas 15 p0315 A77r37671 '?' Synthetic carbonaceous fuel and feedstock using ; nuclear power, air and water 15 p0321 A77-38532 •'Investigation of factors influencing potassium seed recovery in a direct coal-fired generator system 15 p0331 A77-39570 Besource recovery technology for urban decision-makers • ' CPB-252458/5] 13 p0093 N77-10964 flATEBIALS SCIESCE Intermetallic compounds - Background and results of twenty years of research 13 pOOH A77-11600 Electric veaicle batteries - Opportunities for ' materials improvement 13 p0049 A77-13736 HATEBIALS, TESTS ' Practical aspects of solar heating - A review of materials use in solar heating applications 13 p0049 A77-13743 '•Oxidation-erosion of materials in high velocity hot gases • • 15 p0270 A77-32604 The compatibility of containment materials for thermochemical hydrogen production 15 p0276 A77-33347 Generator wall slag coating and material corrosion v -experiments 15 p0327 477-39542 A-145 MATHBSATICAL BODEIS SUBJECT IHDET. HATHBHiTICAl BODEIS Energy: Mathematics and models; Proceedings of the Conference, Alta, Otah, July 7-11, 1975 13 pOOOS A77-11233 Modeling residential energy use 13 P0027--A77- 12726 ' Parametric studies of the thermal trap flat plate collector 13 p0068 A77-18'443 R system model-for.the investigation of alternative energy strategies German, book 13 pOOSO A77-19181 All-round technical and economic investigations of open-cycle industrial MED generator channels and superconducting aagnet systems 1U p0142 A77-21266 Testing of collectors on the solar simulator - < Fitting to the theoretical model and extrapolation 14 p0149 A77-2179U Efficiency of photovoltaic cells employing Schottky diodes 14 p0151 A77-21815 Mathematical simulation of the fixed-bed pressurized gasification process 14 p0164 A77-23097 A mathematical model for the digital computation i of the bonrs of sunshine on an inclined plane 14 p0166 A77-23382 Free thermal convection in geothermal fields - Physical understanding and mathematical modeling 14 p0174 A77-24204 A direct converter based upon space charge effects 14 p0184 A77-26.160 Design and simulation studies for the Shenandoah Community Center large-scale solar cooling demonstration FASME PAPER 76-HA/SOL-15 ] 14 p0189 A77-26520 Mathematical modeling of in situ oil shale retorting 14 p0196 A77-28434 Energy demands: Modeling methods and technigues . French book 15 P0264 A77-31595 Critical comments concerning the application of the availability concept in power plant technology 15 p0265'A77-31850 , Use of a Lowry-type spatial allocation model in an urban transportation energy study 15 p0265 A77-31899 A simplified eguilibrium model of the U.S. . ,< energy-economic system and its use in comparing alternatives 15 p0285 A77-33421 A parametric analysis of the structure of international energy consumption . 15 P0298 A77-36242 A simple model for solar energy economics in the O.K 15 p0298 A77-36245 International energy demand model - Twenty OECD ; country models 15 p0318 A77-38215 International energy evaluation system 15 p0319 A77-38216 A derived demand model of energy demand in the transportation sector .. . . 15 p0319 A77-38217 Energy BGD modeling for budgetary decisions 15 p0319 A77-38218 A united states energy model economically driven by a global growth simulation 15 p0319 A77-38220 The Energy Supply Planning Model - A working tool for regional analysis of alternative 'national energy policies 15 p0319 A77-38221 Heat and mass transfer analysis of Bacon-type hydrogen-oxygen fuel cells - The volume average velocity 15 p0321 A77-38531 Mark VI MED generator studies 15 p0325 A77-39528 Calculation of end effects in open-cycle MHD power generators 15 p0329 A77-39558 Hatheoatical simulation and empirical determination of the aerochemical and thermal atmospheric 'foliation resulting from energy conversion processes rDIE-IB-553-75/1] 13 p0091 H77-10700 Mathematics for energy [PB-252463/5] 13 p0098 N77-11543 Flight data analysis and fur ther development of variable-conductance heat pipes - " * fNASA-CR-137953 1 . 13 p0118 N77-14374 Precipitation scavenging of fossil-fuel eff luents fPB-25664J /5 j 13 'p0124 N77-14630 Regional energy system for the planning and -' optimization of national scenarios ( R E S P O N S ) . Clean coal 'energy: Source-to-use economics pro-ject f E R D A - 7 6 - 1 0 9 ) -14 'p0222 N77-19602 1 Preliminary report on simulation of a heliostat field [ERDA-TR-158] 14 p0226 N77-19782 Energy model data base program- rBNL-21545] .14 P0250 H77-21687 Stochastic modelling of site wind characteristics • rPB-261173/81 . 15 p0351 H77-22775 Mathematical models for use in planning regional > ' water resources and energy systems fPB-261364/4] • . 15 p0352 N77-23022 Development and adaptation of field modulated ) generator systems for wind energy applications fPB-263604/11 15 p0357 N77-23625 Summary description of the BOON1 model simulating power plant impact on isolated '. communities [LA-6424- t fS] . • 15 p0369 N77-25010 A numerical model to evaluate the behavior of a; regenerative heat exchanger at high temperature for aagnetohydrodynamic generator CTH-76-E-66 1 15 p0377 N7.7-26439 Energy use for building construction .' J [COO-2791-2] , 15 p0391 N77-27509 MCDOSHELL DOUGLAS AIRCRAFT - , ;' The next-generation subsonic transport f S A W E PAPiJR 11271 13.p0016 A77-.12195 ME1SORIHG INSIBDMEHTS . • - k .Cooperative s tudy of heavy duty diesel emission measurement methods i [PB-257137/0] . . ••' 13 p0133 N77-15541 i Precision insolation measurement under field conditions . " . , . ' ' , , - 14 < p 0 2 1 9 H77-19113 HECHAHICAL DSIVES Self-starting, intrinsically controlled, Stirling. 1 engine " i 13.p0041 A77r12844 Rotor/geaeratbr isolation for wind turbines T A I A A 77-372] . 14 p0180 A77-25782 Mechanical tnermal motor - . fHASA-CASE-MFS-23062-1 ] ' 13 p0104 "N77-12402 Increased fuel economy in transportation systems by use of energy management: Second- year 's- program. Executive summary [PB-256117/3J .... 1.3 ,p0108 H77-12536 Mount for continuously orienting a collector dish - in a system adapted to perform both diurnal and seasonal solar tracking . , rNASA-CASE-HFS-23267-1 1 14. p0228 M77-20401 HECHAIICAL PROPERTIES Fiber glass super flywheels . - , . ~- 14 p0157 A77-22143 Collectors, pipelines, and heat storage units .made of plastics - -t 14 p0202 A77-29567 Consideration of encapsulants for photovoltaic •; arrays in terrestrial applications 14 p0203 A77-29580 Fabrication of solar energy concentrators based on : polyurethane foams using new polyol and isocyanate compounds 15 p027V A77-32973 . Investigation of the mechanism of cleaning heating surfaces by the pulsation method tBLL-H-25i»48-(5828.4F) ] 13 p0112 1177-13235 HBHBRAHE STRUCTURES Progress on toe.selective removal of H2S from - gasified coal using an immobilized liquid membrane 15 p0318 A77-38146 SBRC OBI VAPOR Mercury emissions from geothermal pover plants 15 p0289 A77-34428 HESA S Cooperative geochemical resource assessment of the , Mesa Geotaeraal system •'- • [PB-257225/3] 13 p0132 H77-15520 SUBJECT IHDEX BBTJLS BETABOLISB The palirrhotrophic origin of energy metabolism chemiosmotic precursor to phototropisa in estuarine cellular organisms 13 p0064 A77-17895 BETAL JIB BATTBBIES Heat transfer analysis of metal hydrides in metal-hydrogen .secondary batteries 111 p0239 H77-21597 HETAL COATIHGS Solar cell collector and method for producing same indium alloy coatings rNASA-CASE-LEW-12552-1] 14 p0211 N77-17564 BETAl FIBEBS Structural heat conductivity of fiber metal nicks for heat pipes 13 pOOSO A77-14326 BETA I FILBS Particulate nature of solar absorbing films - sold black 11 p0163 A77-22982 .Wavelength-selective surfaces for solar energy utilization 14 p0204 A77-29583 HETAL FOILS A geometrical spectral selective window for conversion of solar energy into heat 14 p0148 A77-21793 BETAl HTDBIDES An evaluation of the use of metal hydrides for solar thermal energy storage 13 p0028 A77-12739 HYCSOS - A sclar heating, cooling and energy conversion system based on metal hydrides ' . . - • • • ' 1 3 p0029 A77-12740 Energy storage via calcium hydride production :)• 13 p0032 A77-12774 Metal hydrides" of improved heat 'transfer characteristics ' '! 13 p0033 A77-12775 Some useful relationships between the physical and thermodynasic properties of metal hydrides 13 p0033 A77-12776 Metallurgical considerations in the production and use of FeTi alloys for hydrogen storage 13 'p0033 A77-12777 Performance o'f a hydrogen-powered transit vehicle 13 p0033 A77-12781 'A hydride compressor • • • • • • 1 3 p0046 A77-13336 Heat transfer analysis of metal hydrides in •' metal^hydrogen secondary batt'eries ^ - • ' • " • • . • ' . . 1 5 ;p0278-177-33363 Titaniutu alloy' hydri'des '- Their properties ;and applications' • • " 1 5 p0280-'A77-33385 A thermodynamic analysis of HTCSOS, a hydrogen conversion and storage system' - : . ' - . . ! . - • • • • • -15 P0280 A7-7-33387 A simple approach to metal hydride alloy- * ' ' optimi2ation ' •' • ' ' ' • ' 15 p'0'281 '177-33388 Prototype hydrogen automobile using a metal hydride 1 15 p0282 A77-33398 Betalhydrides . • • • i . . . CDUEL-1146/76] 13 p0094-N77-11158 Metal hydrides as hydrogen storage media and their applications • • • .. [BNL-216481 " 14 p0231 N77-20589 Heat transfer analysis of metal hydrides in metal-hydrogen secondary batteries • 14 p0239 N77-21597 A thermodynamic analysis of HYCSOS, a -hydrogen conversion and storage system 14 p0242 H77-21622 A simple approach to metal hydride alloy optimization 14 p0243 N77-21624 Prototype hydrogen automobile using a metal hydride 14 p0244 N77-21636 BETAL BATBII COBPOSIIES Evaluation of potassium titanate as a component of • alkaline fuel cell matrices fNASA-TS-D-8341] 13 p0094 N77-11175 BETiL OXIDB SEMICONDUCTORS '- Beterostructures for silicon solar cells 14t p0151 A77-21817 Open-circuit voltage of silicon solar cells 14 p0151 A77-21820 Technology of Sals metal-oxide-semiconductor solar cells 15 p0259 A77-30739 Solar cell collector and nethod for producing same indium alloy coatings / CNASA-CASi-lEB-12552-1 ] 14 p0211 H77-1756H High-efficiency thin-filn GaAs solar cells fPB-258493/6) 14 p0212 H77-17599 BETAL OXIDES Advanced thermionic converter development 13 p0043 A77-12862 Electrode-connecting material as a central component of high-temperature fuel cells. II - j Investigation of selected high-conductivity mixed oxides : 13 p0056 A77-15817 BETAI PABTICLES ; Black magnetic spherule.fallout in the eastern Gulf of Mexico 13 p0052 A77-14890 Recovering metal from trash -'• 15 p0287 A77-33529 HETAL PLATES •< ' Corrosion prevention in aluminan solar systems I 15 p0270 A77-32602 HETAL SUBFACES Gas release during long-term operation of heat pipes 13 pOOSO A77-14328 Study of the electrical characteristics of the p.- boundary layer on the metal surfaces in the . ' channels of an. open cycle flHD generator - ' 13 pOOSt A77-15666 BETAL TAPOBS Study of the properties of heat pipes with liquid-metal heat-transfer agents in low-temperature regimes - ' . ' • • ' 1 3 p0046 A77-13243 £ •-•Measurements of Sc I gf-values absorption - ' v '" spectroscopy using heat pipe oven • 13 p0058 A77-16270 Investigation of the flow and the temperature ' - • ' distribution in the vapor duct of a high-temperature heat pipe ' : : • 15 P0306 A77-36708 BETAL-IATEB BE ACTIONS '•Corrosion inhibitors for solar heating and cooling systems '•! [HASA-TN-D-8409] 14 p0210 N77-17198 METALLIC PLASHAS ' . 'Investigation of factors influencing potassium seed recovery in a direct coal-fired generator • •' system' l 15-p0331 A77-39570 METALLOGBAPHI :^ • • ' *"Meta l dusting corrosion in coal gasification •environments" • ' ' ' '•"•' " " ' • • ' 1 5 p0337 A77-40042 BETALLOBGY • : i .'• • • ' ' Heat pipes for fluid-bed gasification of coal - ' •' Metallurgical condition of heat pipes after tests in 'process environment .: • ' • ' 13 p0031 A77-12764 Physical metallurgy of FeTi-hydride'and its1 • behavior in a hydrogen storage container - 1 - ' lit p0242 N77-21620 Energy use patterns ' in metallurgical and nonmetallic mineral processing (Volume 1, Phase 6: Energy data and flow sheets, low-priority commodities) fPB-261150/7] 15 p0346 N77-22644 •'Energy use patterns in metallurgical and nonmettalic mineral processing (Volume 1, Phase 9: Areas where alternative technologies should be developed to lower energy use in production of high-priority commodities), supplement "" fPB-261153/1] 15 p0346 H77-22645 BETA LS • 'The role of recycling in conservation of metals and energy 13 p0061 A77-16825 1 The electron factor in catalysis on metals ,. electrocatalysis on non-metallic surfaces : fPB-2S626<*/3) 13 p0103 N77-12166 Storage of thermal energy in molten salts and metals tNASA-TT-F-17412] 14 p0220 N77-19574 Contamination of groundwater by heavy metals from -, the land disposal of fly ash ' rcoO-2727-4] 15 p0357 N77-23631 METEOBOL06ICAI CBSBTS SOBJECT IBDEI Economics and organization of metallurgical production: Effectiveness of the use of magnetic fields in melting alloy steels fBLL-H-25473-(5828.4F)] 15 p0359 N77-24245 Method foe fabricating solar cells having integral collector grids THiSA-CSSE-LEB-12819-1] 15 p0363 N77-24593 METEOROLOGICAL CBSBTS ' '•- Siting of wind driven apparatus 13 p0043 A77-12865 BETEOEOLOGICJL PABAMETEBS ' Aspects of surface wind behaviour 14 p0165 A77-23357 Solar povered absorption cycle simulation nsing real and stochastic weather data fASHE PAPEB 76-BA/SOL-61 14 p0188 A77-26511 Meteorological data regarding the utilization of solar energy 14 p0202 A77-29563 Comparison of long-term flat-plate solar collector performance calculations based on averaged meteorclogical data 15 p0256 A77-30315 Influence of atmospheric conditions on the parameters of a turbojet engine 15 p0323 A77-39270 Meteorological effects on solar cells 15 p0338 A77-40149 Regional variations of solar radiation with application to sclar energy system design rPB-259379/6] 14 p0226 H77-19708 Regional variations of solar radiation vith application to solar energy system design, user's manual fPB-259378/8] 14 p0234 H77-20676 HBTBOSAT SATELLITE Flight results of a cryogenic cooler designed for Meteosat flAF PAPER 76-2101 13 p0003 A77-10942 HBTHAHB Solar energy collection by bioconversion i 13 P0021 A77-12672 Production of methane using offshore wind energy (• . 13 p0026 A77-12722 Design analyses of a methane-based chemical heat pipe. ' 13 p0028 A77-12737 • The potential of the heat pipe in coal gasification processes 13 p0031 A77-12763 Design studies of the hydrogasification of coal 14 p0175 A77-24214 Methane gas recovery fram sanitary landfills in Southern California 14 p0182 A77-26077 Current status of the BI-GAS process 14 p0193 A77-27300 Combined utilization of nuclear and organic fuels 15 p0272 A77-33159 The manufacture of hydrogen from coal 15 p0275 A77-33337 Direct production of methane and benzene from coal 15 p0306 A77-36766 Fuel gas from landfill 15 p0314 A77-37661 The conversion of ocean farm kelp to methane and other products 15 p0314 A77-37662 An economic assessment of fuelgas from water hyacinths 15 p0314 A77-37663 Gas production from micro algae 15 p0314 A77-37665 Packed bed digestion of solid wastes 15 p0323 A77-39107 Heat treatment of refuse for increasing anaerobic biodegradability 'rPB-252924/61 13 p0101 H77-11577 A fermentation process for converting plant : materials into methane 13 p0121 N77-14583 Bibliography on Liguefied Natural Gas (LNG) safety rHASA-TM-X-73408] . 13 p0127 S77-15208 HBTBYL ALCOHOLS Design of a 100 BPD pilot plant to convert methanol to gasoline nsing the Bobil process i 13 p0023 A 77-12691 Alternate fuels for road vehicles of the future 13 p0051 A77-14584 Oxidation of mathanol on agitated bed electrodes nsing non-metallic electrocatalysts for fuel cells 14 p0176 A77-24568 Mobil process for the conversion of methanol to gasoline 14 p0193 A77-27299 Methanol - A clean burning fuel for automobile engines 14 p0205 A77-29930 Hethanol gasoline blends - Fnture automotive fuels 15 p0273 A77-33300 Hethanol, past, present, and speculation on the future manufacture techniques and fuel applications 15 p0289 A77-34114 Hethanol from coal fuel and other applications COBAO-1261 13 p0094 N77-11200 Lignid phase methanol [PB-257615/5J 14 p0212 N77.-17594 Methanol engine: A transportation strategy for the post-petroleum era [OCBL-52041 3 14 p0219 N77-19469 Nethanol as an automotive fuel: A summary of research in the M.I .T. Energy Laboratory rPB-262980/6/) 15 p0356 S77-23619 Methanol-air batteries I (AD-A035942J 15 P0375 H77-25675 Experimental results using methanol and methanol/gasoline blends as automotive engine fuel f BEBC/HI-76/15] 15 P0389 N77-27245 Methanol as automotive fuel. Part 1: Straight methanol ; ! rCQNF-750264-n ,15 p0389 N77-27246 aiCHIGAR Application study of wind power technology to the city of Hart, Michigan [COO-2603-1 ] 14 p0212 N77-17582 Photovoltaic-powered refrigerator experiment at Isle Royale National Park C H A S A - T M - 7 3 7 J 3 ] 15 p0390 H77-27497 MICBOBBAMS Investigation of beamed energy concepts for propulsion. Volume 1: Systems studies [AD-A034995] 15 p0377 N77-26491 HICBOBIOLOGI , Hicrobial hydrogen production ; 14 p0239' N77-21601 HICBOELECTBOilCS Miniature applications for photovoltaic generators , 14 p0155 A77-21853 The 275 deq C microcircuitry: Resistors, capacitors, conductors, substrates, and bonding [SAND-76-J6111 15 p0389 N77-27312 HICBOHETBOBITBS Black magnetic spherule fallout in the eastern Gulf of Mexico , 13 p0052 A77-14890 BICBOOBGAHISHS Feasibility studies of a biochemical desulfurization method using microorganisms as agent from high sulfur containing petroleum 14 p0170 A77-23562 Gas production f rom micro algae 15 p0314 A77-37665 MICBOSEISHS Geothermal exploration: An evaluation of the microseismic groundnoise method fPB-262575/4] 15 p0343 1177-22603 MICBORATE CIBCDITS t Hew modes of operation for avalanche diodes - Fregaency multiplication and upconversion 13 p 0 0 4 9 A77-14261 BICEOBAVE EODIPdEST Captation and concentration of solar energy ; 13 p0074 A77-19063 A microwave energy converter with a reversing magnetic field , 14 p0139 A77-21154 HICBO8AVE OSCILLAIOBS High-efficiency and high-peak-power InP i transferred-electron oscillators 15 p0289 A77-34366 MICBORAVB TBASSMISSION Microwave transmission system for space power 13 p0014 A77-11818 Satellite solar power stations and energy relay satellites 13 p0052 'A77-14901 A-118 SUBJECT IBDEX Perspectives on Satellite Solar Power f & I A A PAPER 77-352] 13 p0066 A77-18257 Solar power f rom satellites 11 p0116 A77-21751 Alternative approaches to space-based power generation 14 p0199 A77-29066 The development of a satellite solar power station 14 p0203 A77-29577 Microwave energy transmission [ & I A A PAPEB 77-540] 15 p0266 A77-32063 Assessment of satellite power stations F A I A A PAPER 77-552] 15 p0266 A77-32069 Space-to-earth power transmission system fNASA-TH-X-73489] 13 p0105 N77-12517 HICBOiAVBS Space power systems - what environmental impact 1% p0146 A77-21757 BIDLAIIIODE HTBOSPHEBE Energetics of the midlatitude thermosphere 13 p0012 A77-11492 HILITABT. OPEHATIOSS Fuels and lubricants an evaluation of military fuels and lubricants rAD-A032842T 15 p0359 H77-24314 A summary of the DABPA energy and materials shortages programs, fiscal years 1972-1976 rAD-A03602-n , 15 p0375 N77-25677 HILITABT TECHHOLOGY Prereguisites for military/civilian geopressured geotheraal resource development '. 13 p0031 A77-12761 LTA - Recent developments Lighter Than Air ships 13 p0061 A77-1702,1 Photovoltaic systems solar energy conversion research for military applications 15 pQ288 A77-34112 Solar electricity for military applications 15 p0289 A77-34113 The potential of liquid hydrogen as a military aircraft fuel C A D - A 0 2 6 6 6 6 ] 13 p0118 N77-14272 Dual purpose nuclear power plants for military installations [AD-A026141] 13'p0132 N77-1552J Solar heating retrofit of,military family housing f A D - A 0 3 0 6 4 3 ] 11 p0226 N77-19659 Advanced engine design concepts and their .. influence on the performance of multi-role r combat aircraft 15 R0339 N77-22116 Operation of military field heating equipment using sclid fuels -rAD-A037121] 15 P0388 N77-27152 HIHEBiL DEPOSITS " World oil resources." III:- The geological analogy method 13 p0012 477-11341 World petroleum resources. IV - Probabilistic 3 methods " ' • 13 p0012 A77-11342 The shaping of our needs in -mineral raw materials and sources for meeting those needs Hungar ian survey 13 P0017. A77-12246 Recovery cf inaccessible ccal reserves by in situ ^ gasification 13 p0022 A77-12686 In situ recovery of oil and minerals f rom Piceance Creek Basin oil shale c 13 p0023 A77-12694 Assessing low sulfur coal resources in Hontana and Wyoming 13 pOOSS 477-16374 The Asphalt Eidge tar-sand deposits 14 p0193 477-27347 Recovery of bitumen from oil-impregnated sandstone deposits of Utah 14 p0194 477-27349 Underground gasification of coal for deep * depost in situ processing 15 p0308 477-36813 The supply of coal in the long run: The case of eastern deep coal ' fPB-252642/4] 13 pO.086 N77-10626 Proceedings of the Mineral Economics Symposium: Sinning the high stakes at the critical commodity game [PB-2556C7/4] 13 p0105 N77-12502 The exploration, development and production of Naval petroleum reserve number 4 . [PB-256714/7] 13 p0113 N77-13516 A .framework for assessing environmental impacts of possible Antarctic mineral development, part 1 [PB-262750/3] 15 p0368 N77-24709 HI8EB5L EXPLOBAIIOH Energy analysis in modelling 13 p0007 477-11047 »IHEBAL OILS The Asphalt Bidge tar-sand deposits 14 p0193 A77-27347 Field experiment of in-situ oil recovery from a - Utah tar sand by reverse combustion 14 p0193 A77-27348 MI8EB1LS Minerals in the OS economy: Ten-year supply-demand profiles for mineral and fuel commodities [PB-252994/9] 13 p0085 N77-10624 The 29950 Earth Eesource Technology Satellite (EHTS-4) sensor data for mineral resource sector development and regional land use survey. March - August 1976 Bolivia rE77-10023] 13 p0096 N77-11491 Analysis of L A N D S A T B imagery as a tool for evaluating, developing, and managing the natural resources of Hew Mexico [E77-10090] 14 p0214 N77-18511 Energy use patterns in metallurgical and nonmetallic mineral processing {Volume 1, Phase 6: Energy data and flow sheets, low-priority commodities) , rPB-261150/7] 15 p0346 H77-22644 Energy use patterns in metallurgical and . ', nonmettalic mineral processing (Volume 1, Phase 9: Areas where alternative technologies should be developed to lower energy use in production of high-priority commodities), supplement [PB-261153/1J 15 p0346 S77-22645 ^United States special format report: Performance of the Soaio Solar Water Heating System using large-area plastic collectors (Grants, New Mexico) fSAN/1038-76/1] 15 p0365 N77-24606 HIRES (EXCA74IIOHS) The economics of coal supply - The state of the art ' 13 p0013 477-11523 Underground gasification offers clean safe route to coal energy 14 p0184 A77-26292 Underground gasification of coal 14 p0198 477-28759 Underground coal mining: An assessment of technology [PB-255726/2] 13 p0093 S77-10974 Development of fuel cell CO detection instruments for use ia a mine atmosphere CPB-254823/8] 13 p0095 N77-11380 begasification and production of natural gas. from an airshaft in the Pittsburgh coalbed fPB-258101/5] 14 p0210 H77-17555 Size diestribution and mass output of particulates from diesel engine exhausts [PB-261416/2J 15 P0351 H77-22732 Comprehensive ground control study of a mechanized longwall operation. Volume 2: Special reports. 1: Physical properties of coal and coal measure rocks. 2: Bearing capacity of roof and floor- rocks. 3: Besponse of borehole pressure cells. 4: Installation of subsurface instrumentation [PB-262476/5J 15 p0368 H77-24711 Evaluation of current surface coal mining overburden handling techniques and reclamation practices [PB-264111/6J 15 p0372 N77-25625 HIDING Secovery of inaccessible coal reserves, by in situ gasification 13 p0022 A77-12686 Applying computer-drawn maps of geologic data to analysis of mining problems (PB-255497/OJ 13 p0096 N77-11518 Evaluation of combined in-situ and surface retorting of oil shale tract C-b rPB-261064/0] 15 p0347 H77-22646 Evaluation of current surface coal mining overburden handling techniques and reclamation practices • [PB-264111/6] 15 p0372 B77-25625 i-119 BIBOEITI CSBBIEBS SOBJECT INDEX HIBOEITY CSBBIEBS Increase of diffusion lengths of minority carriers under the effect of a width gradient of the ! forbidden band 1<1 p0151 A77-21823 A minority carrier BIS solar cell 15 p0288 477-33799 BIBBOBS ; Performance of two fixed-mirror solar concentrators for process heat 13 p007it A77-19065 Cylindrical mirror collector field 13 p0071 A77-19071 Efficiency tests on a linear parabolic concentrator for medium and hiqh temperatures 13 p0077 A77-19103 Investigation of composite radiant-energy concentrators with conical radiation sources 14 p01it3 A77-21313 Geometric katoptrics - Applications to solar energy 11 p0166 A77-23383 Concentrating power of spherical facets 11 p0179 A77-25357 cost optimal deployment of mirrors associated with a hiqh temperature solar energy system 1

Energy: A continuing bibliography with indexes, issue 15

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