An invention to be used for controlling aircraft flaps is described. It is applicable to control systems with two coaxial output units which pivot simultaneously with respect to two fixed units and which are activated by two opposed, straight coaxial jacks

Belliere, P.

English

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NASA TECHNICA.4 MEMORANDUM
	 NASA TFI-75581
PIVOTING OUTPUT UNIT CONTROL SYSTEMS ACTIVATED BY JACKS
Pierre Belliere
Translation of "Dispositifs de commando a organes de sortie pivot-
tants entraines a partdr de verins," Patent Application
No. 76 06636, French Patent- Office, Faris, France,
Filing Date March 9, 1976, Disclosure Date October 7, 1977
1 ° PP
1
*^' I
(NASA-' 75581)
	 PIVOTING OUTPUT UNIT
	 N79-10066
CONTROL YSTEMS ACTIVATED BY JACKS (National
Aeronautics and Space Alm in.istration)
	 13 pHC A02/1F A01
	 CSCL 01C
	 UncIas
G3/08 33888
NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20546 	 OCTOBER 1978
I
PIVOTING OUTPUT UNIT CONTROL SYSTEMS ACTIVATED BY JACKS
Pierre Belliere	 ORIGINAL' PAGE Ig
0X POOR QUALI'T'Y,
The invention concerns control systems with two coaxial output /1*
units which pivot simultaneously with respect to two fixed units
and are activated by two opposed, straight coaxial ,jacks. These
systems can especially be used for controlling; aircraft flaps.
Such devices are already known in which the receptor unit of
each of the two jacks is angularly connected, on the one hand to
the matching fixed unit by a first group of slides and, on the
other, to the matching pivoting uni t, by a second group of slides
set at an angle with respect to th y: slides of the first group.
In a system of this type, the fixed unit and the pivoting units
are arranged alternately in succession and are positioned in the
axial direction, with respect to one another, by the transverse
bearing surfaces, while the receptor units of the two jacks are
located inside the said fixed and pivoting units. From this gen-
eral arrangement it follows that the existence offered by the pivot-
irLg units gives rise to axial reactions which must be absorbed by
the transverse bearing surfaces mentioned above, which obviously is
expressed by a loss in efficiency for the ccntrol system. Moreover,
this system can be criticized for lacking rigidity and for being
relatively complicated and difficult to manufacture.
The purpose of the invention is to make a control system of the
type in question which does not present `;he above mentioned drawbacxs
of the known system which has ,just been described.
To this end, in the system as per the invention, the two fixed
units are rigidly attached to the two ends of a fixed longitudinal
*Numbers in the margin indicate pagination in the foreign text.
piece, and the two pivoting units are rigidly attached to the two
ends of a pivoting longitudinal piece, the pivoting longitudinal
piece and the fixed longitudinal piece being conxially mounted, one
inside the other, and each extending over the entire length of the
system, while the receptor units of the two Jacks are located be-
tween the fixed longitudinal piece and the pivoting longitudinal
piece. Thanks to this particular design, the opposed axial reactions
produced by the two pivoting, units mutually cancel each other out
and internal forces produced in the interior of one and the same	 12
piece remain, namely the longitudinal piece to which the two pivot-
ing units are rigidly attached, such that the set of pivoting pieces
Is not subjected to an axial strew with respect to the set of fixed
pieces. On the contrary , it can be considered as in a floating; mount
in the axial direction and, as a result, positioned axially without
entailing stresses, i.e. without a loss of efficiency. Such a sol-
ution results in a very rigid and simply constructed unit.
The invention will be better understood by reading; the descrip-
tion below and by examining the attached drawings which show, by
way of example, a method of making a control system as per the in-
vention.
With regard to these drawings:
Figure 1 is a sectional view of the entire system. In the left
half of the drawing; this section was made evidently along line IG-IC,
of figure 4 and, in the right hand of the drawing„ evidently along
line ID-ID.
Figure 2 is plan-view of figure 1.
Figure 3 is a profile view seen from the direction indicated by
arrow III in figure 1.
Figures 4, 5 and 6 are cross-sectional views along tines IV-IV,
V-V and VI-VI respectively of figure 1.
lr
The aircraft flap control :; • stem shown in its entirety in
figure 1-3 bnnicnlly consists of a tube-shaped fixed unit (1) in-
side of which a pivoting, unit (2) is coaxinlly mounted. The system
is practically symmetrical with respect to a median transverse plane
passing through line VI-VI of figure 1.
The fixed assembly (1) consists of a tubular, body (5) on the
t^•o ends of which are attached two fixed units respectively [6].
Each of these two fixed units is designed to be rigidly attached to
the structure of the wind, of the aircraft anal, for this purpovv, it
has a fork (11) through the branches of which pass two axles (12, 13),
the `.atter Bolding one end of a small connecting rod (14), the other
end of which has a borehole (15) capable of receiving a pin mounted
In a corresponding fork (riot sl^oxn) rigidly attached to the struc-
ture of the wing of the aircraft. The body (5) also has tapped
attachment holes (16) (also see figure 6).
The pivoting assembly (") includes a pivoting longitudinal piece 13
(21) on the two ends of which are respectively attached two pivoting
units (22) each pivoting unit (22) consists of a hub (23) attached
to the corresponding edge of the pivoting longitudinal piece (21)
and an arm (2 11) designed to receive a corresponding part of a flap
of the aircraft. Each of the two hubs (23) is centered in the eor-
responding fixed unit (6) by a roller bearing (27).
The pivoting movements of assembly (2) are ensured by two co-
axially opposed straight-line hydraulic ,lacks (29) the cylinders
of which are annular. `:he outside will of these cylinders consists
of the fixed body (5) itself and the inside wall of a tubular piece
(31), the head common to the cylinders of the two jacks being in-
dicated by (32). The piston (33) of each Jack is of corresponding
annular shape and is rigidly attached to a tubular piston rod (_14)
which slides tightly in an annuls., space left between two pieces
(?5, 36) both of which conotitute the corresponding outside cylinder
head of each Jack.
3
.'he receptor unit of cacti of the two Jacks consists of an
..::en ►bly of the two carriages (41) each of which are connected ang-
ularly, on they one hnnd, to the corresponding fixed unit (6) by a
first group of double slides (42, 43) (also see figure 4) provided
with bearing balls and, on the other hand, to hub (23) of the cor-
responding pivoting? unit. (22) by a second 1-roup of simple slides,
(46 0 117) provided with bearing balls (48 1). The direction of the
slide: of the second group is at an arirle with respect to the dir-
ection of the slides of the first group. In more precise terms,
each piston rod (34) is thu:e rigidly attached to two diametrically
opposed cavringec ( 111) hasically formed by two tongues located in a
diametric plane on a tubular slide (1,1) (figure 4) housed between
the borehole of the fixed body (5) and the external cylindrical sur-
face of the hub (24). The slides of the first group (42, 43) are
thus straight-line slides, while the slides (46, 47) of the second
group are helical slides, such that a longitudinal translatory move-
ment of g lides (51) rigidly attached to the piston rods of the two
jack: produces a pivoting movement of dubs (23) of the two pivoting
units (22) in one direction or another depending on the direction of /4
movement of the slides.
F?ach assembly of slides (42, 113) involves a recycling circuit
(5 11) of balls ( 114) housed in the corresponding fixed unit (6) and
located In a geometric plane close to a plane parallel to the median
longitudinal geometric plane common to the two tongues ('.1) of the
slide. Similarly, each group of slides ( 116, 47) includes a recycl-
ing circuit (56) of balls (48) housed in the corresponding carriage
( 111) opposite each row of balls of the slides in the plane of the
two tongues (41) of the slide-block.
i
in the axial direc-
median transverse
that the helical
system, the pivot-
spect to the fixed
!Although the entire system is always balanced
tion, because of the symmetry with respect to the
plane VI-VI and, as a result, because of the fact
slides are pitched counter to the two ends of the
frig assembly should be positioned axiall y with ve
4
assembly. To this end, a thrust roller bearing (57) (figure 1)
is placed between the inside end of each of the two pivoting hubs
(23) and the outside surface of the corresponding cylinder head
(35). For safety reasons, each pivoting arm (74) tins an annular
cheeck (59) which can bear against the outside end face of the
corresponding fixed unit (6).
Figure 6 shows how the common cylinder head (32) is rigidly
attached to the body (5) by means of two pins (61) inserted into
holes (62, 63) made in the body and in the cylinder head in a
direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the entire system.
The inside part (35) (figures 1 and 5) of each cylinder head end
is attached to the corresponding end of the inside wall of the ayl-
inder (31) by means of a screw thread (66), while the outside annular
Part (36) of the same cylinder head is rigidly attached to the body
(5) by four pins (67) inserted in holes (68) (69) made in the body
(5) and the anriular piece (36) r,spectively perpendicular to the
longitudinal axis of the assembly.
The two pivoting hubs (23) (figure 1) are attracted towards each
other, against their respective roller thrust bearing (57), by a
tightening system which includes: A central tie-rod (72) one end
of which is provided with a head (73) while the other end termin-
ates in a threaded part (74); a s pacer ring (75) ;laced 	 /5
between the shoulder of the longitudinal piece (21) and
one of the pivoting; hubs (.'3); another spacer ring (`lo) wnien rests
against a shoulder of the other pivoting hub (23); a threaded socket
(77) mounted on tl-e corresponding threaded end of the longitudinal
piece (21) and with internal longitudinal grooved (78); a sleeve
(79) which has grooves interlocking with grooves (78) and an end
tenon (81) inserted in a matched slot of the end of the longitud-
inal piece (21) to provide for rotation locking of the threaded
socket (77), and finally a nut (82) fitted onto the threaded end (74)
of the central tie-rod (712 ) and equipped with a plate lock (83).
5
The two hydraulic ,lacks are double-acting and are provided
wit's n common central orifice (91) made in the body (5) and which
Opens into the two chambers (92, 93) of the cylinders of the two
,larks, as well as two orifices on the end: (95 0 96) which open into
the opposide ends or the two cylinders reupectively. They annular
:,paces involved, in each ,lack, between the tubular piston rod (34)
and, on the one hand, the outside , wall of the cylinder formed by
the body (5) arid, on the other hand, the interior wall (31) of the
cylinder, i.e. the two chambers (9708) and connected by radial
holes (99) made in the piston rod (34) flush with the piston (33)•
The system operates as follows: If pressuri^ed fluid is intro-
duced, for example, through the central common orifice (21), the
two pistons are caused to move away from each other and carry with
them the carriages (41) which, guided by the ball slides (42, 43)
of the first group, slide in the fixed assembly (1), without pivot-
Ing, with respect to the latter, but which, by means of slides
(46 9 47) of the second group, cause the interior assembly (2) to
pivot; In an angle corresponding to the path lenp;th of the carriages.
During this movement, the fluid contained in the chambers such as
(97, 98) of' the ,lacks returns to the reservoir through the orifices
In the ends (95, 96).
Tf the pressurl^ed fluid were introduced through the end
orifices (95, 96), while the common central orifices (91) was
connected to the reservoir, the pistons would move, by contrast,
toward each other and carry with them the carriages ( 111) which	 /6
would then cause a pivoting movement of the interior, assembly (2)
In the opposite direction.
Not o that the axial reactions produced by the two pivoting units
(22), as a result of the helical slide (46, 117), mutually cancel
each other out, since it. is in internal forces in the opposite 	 #
direction which are produced in the interior assembly kept under
tension by the central tie-rod (72) and capable of resisting both
stretching and compression depending on the pivoting direction,
ORIGINAL PA(;E 13
6	 OF 1")R QUALITY,,
such that no harmful axial pre.9sure is produced between the fixed
units and the pivoting units.
Of course, the invention lb riot limited to the design des-
cribed and illustrated. It can be modified in many ways, depending
on the intended applications, but without thereby going beyond the
framework of the invention.
Claims
1. Control system with two coaxial output units pivoting 	 /7
simultaneously with respect to two fixed units g rid activated by
two opposed coaxial straight-line Jacks, usable especially for
controlling aircraft flaps, in which the receptor unit of each of
the two ,lacks is angulnrly connected, on the one hand, to the cor-
responding fixed unit by a first group of slides and, on the other,
to the pivoting; unit by a second group of slides set at an angle 	 j
Ath respect to the slides of the first group, characterized by the
fact that the two fixed units (6) are rigidly attached to the two
ends of a fixed longitudinal piece (;) and the two pivoting units
(22) are rigidly attached to the two ends of a pivoting longitudinal
piece (21), the pivoting longitudinal piece and the fixed longitud-
inal piece being conxially mounted one inside the other and each
extending over the entire length of the system, while the receptor
units (41) of the two ,Jacks (29) are arranged between the fixed
longitudinal. piece (5) and the pivoting longitudinal piece (21).
2. Device according to claim one, characterized by the fact that 	
i
the two ,jacks (29) are double-action hydraulic ,jacks and their annular
cylinders (5, 31) arranged end to end ha^ ,e a common median head (32)
rigidly attached to the exterior fixed longitudinal piece (5) and
two end heads (35, 36) each passed through by a tubular piston rod
(34) which is rigidly attached to the piston (33) of the correspond-
ing ,jack and which constitutes the above mentioned receptor unit
angularly connected, by slides ( 112, 43) and (46 ) 47) to the fixed	 I
longitudinal piece (5) and the pivoting- longitudinal piece (21), the
7
annular spaces (97, 98) included between the cylinder faces opposite
each cylinder and the corresponding tubular piston rod (34) being
'nterlinked by radiaj connection passages (99).
3. Device as per any one of claims 1 or 2 9 characterized by
the fact that the ball--bearing type slides, including, on the one
hand, two diametrically opposed longitudinal rows of balls (48)
arranged between the cylindrical surface of the interior longitud-
inal piece (23) tend the borehole of a slide-block (51) surrounding
the said piece and ccnnected to the corresponding piston rod (34),
as well as a recycling circuit (56) of balls housed in the said
slide-block opposite each of these two longitudinal rows of balls
and, on the other rand, on both sides of each of these two recycling
circuits (56), another longitudinal row of balls (54) placed be-
tween a face (42) of a longitudinal tongue (41) of the slide-block
(51) and a paired longitudinal interior face ( 113) of the corres-
ponding fixed unit (6), as well as, for cacti of these four other
longitudinal rows of balls, another recycling circuit (54) of balls
housed in the said fixed organ in a geometric plane close to a
plane parallel to the median longitudinal geometric plane,common
to the two tongues (41) of the slide-block (51).
i
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Pivoting output unit control systems activated by jacks

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