The manifestation of functional asymmetry during the regulation of an athlete's posture and a system of bodies and its effect on the execution of individual and group acrobatic exercises were studied. Functional asymmetry of posture regulation was recorded in acrobats during the execution of individual and group exercises. It was shown that stability is maintained at the expense of bending and twisting motions. It is important to consider whether the functional asymmetry of posture regulation is left or right sided in making up pairs and groups of acrobats

Boloban, V. N.

Otsupok, A. P.

English

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NASA TECHNICAL MEMORANDUM	 NASA TM-76401
FUNCTIONAL ASYMMETRY OF POSTURE AND BODY SYSTEM REGULATION
V. N. Boloban and A. P. Otsupok t^!'
Nei-15687
(1iASA-V1-76401) FUNCTIONAL 
ASYNKETRI OF
BODY SYSTEd	 LATIONPOSTUBE AND	 %d1
REGU
giuistrati0n)
(Nat Pional	
Unclas
Aeronautics and Space	 CSCL 06P 05/52 29685HC A 02/K IF A01
Translation of "Funktsional l naya asimmetriya regulyatsii pozy tela i
sistemy telp" Teoriya i Praktika Fizicheskoy Kulturys
No. 10, Oct- 1979p pp. 6-10.
lobZlid.
NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION
 WASHINGTONj D.C. 2054 6	SEPTEMBER 1980
,f	 c
STANDA^Q TITLE WAGE
,*
1. ; Rq.tl N..
NASA• TM-76401 ?. G.r.rnweM Accession No. i R.d^IMt'. CNSIss Ns.
'P Title and 64011141 .. !. R	 t 0.SeTIeNer 1950FUNCTIONAL ASYMMETRY OF POSTURE An 4. P.«bnwlth 01WI l.tion cogsBODY SYSTEM REGULATION
T. Aw#040!	 , t. P.rt.nainy Orsonls.ti.n Rows N.,
Y.N. Holoban, A.P.. Otsupok
u, w#& wit M..Kiev State Institute of Physical Culture
t. Pert mlos Ots.ni mshw. H ome and A4Ins,	 111. t..nNN► w Grant N..
Leo' Kanner Associates
Redwood City, California 94063 u. Ty" of nopett and Period c.v.roo
Translation
12. lr«ro•dn@ fusty Name an4 A"mai'	 +
National Aeronautics and Space Adminis- 14 
"sw ing A enq code
trationg Washington, D.C. 20546
Is. kwleMaM.ry N.N.
Translation of "Funktsional t naya asimmetriya regulyatsii pony
tela i
	
sistemy tel,.' t Teoriya i Praktika Fizicheskoy Kul-,
tury t No. Lor Oct. 19790 pp. 6-10.
The manifestation of funct.onal asymmetry during the reg-
ulatibn of an athlete's posture and a system of bodies and its
effect on the execution of individual and.group acrobatic ex-
ercises we're studied:	 Functional asymmetry of posture regula-
tion was recorded in acrobats during the execution of' indiv du
al and group exercises.	 It was shown th4t stability is main-
tained at the expense of bending and twisting motions:	 It is
important 'to consider whether the functional asymmetry of pos-
ture regulation, is left-..or right-sided in making up pairs and
groups of acrobAts
17. Key Words (Selected by Awhor (y) 1. D ets	 flee sr t.«^	 t
av e^" work f's reproduced and
sold by NTIS" under license from
YAAP, the Soviet copyright ag-
ency	 No further copying is per
. witted without permis-sion from`
It. ssyNty clessil. (.t tide Oct. seevritp Cleo 61 . •	 hi.,.,e) 21. No. of Pages 22.
Unclassified Unclassified 9
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1
FUNCTIONAL ASYMMETRY OF POSTURE AND BODY SYSTEM REGULATION
V. N. Boloban and A. P. Otsupok
Kiev State Institute of Physical Culture
Procedure	 /6*1
i
The athlete's efficient organization and realization of the poten-
	 1
tialities of the motor apparatus is closely connected to the manifes-
tation of function,;'!, asymmettyr, which allows the development of the
tactics and strategy of motor actions necessary for the attainment of
the end result EL, 6 0
 7, 9, 10 and others]. Knowledge of posture and
its statodynamic stability makes it possible effectively to form a
motor habit and to perfect the skill of-the athlete. The literary data
[1 0 3 0 4 0 S, 11, 12, 13 and others) indicate that the regulation of ver-
tical posture has an asymmetrical character. Despite the period of more
than 50 years since the publication of the first works, it is true that
many questions (as applied to sports practice) are still. unclear.
The mani,fe8tation of functional asymmetry during the regulation of
an athlete's posture and of a system of bodies and its effect on the
execution of individual and group acrobatic exercises were studied.
The subjects were masters of sport of the USSR for athletic acro-
baticso Slepokurov--upper, Makarov- second middle, Vil'danov--first
middle, 2olotov--lowers and also the strongest teams of four in the coun-
trye Zagorodskiy upper, Pedorenko--second middle, Nov,tskiy -first mid-
dle, Tret'yakov--lowers Malyutin--upper, Kashuba,,-second middle, Derepa--
first middle, Artemchik--lower.
Manifestations of functional asymmetry were studied while the ath-
letes performed the following exerc seas standing with feet together,
hands on waistt standing on toes with feet together, arms up, eyes cloned
*Numbers in the margin indicate pagination in the foreign texts
1
..	 I
^i
(Fig. 3:)i exerci sea In pairs (the interaction of partners in the pairs
is presented in Fig. 2 ) s I, IIo III--closest in the functional plan of
the interaction of group acroba# S during the execution of a "column"
pyramids IV, V', VI--interaction that indirectly relate to the struc -
tural-functional building of aj column" pyramids ands finally, exer-
cises in a groups execution of 
L 
"column" pyramid (Fig. j).
The statodynamic stability,.was recorded by a four-channel stabilo-
graph]. The stabilograms, which reflect the directions of osclla
tions of the body and system of bodies forward and baokwprd (S--sagittR'4
plane), left and right (F--frontal), forward and to the' left, backward
and to the right (P1--first intermediate plane )o forward and to the
right, backward and to the left (P.--second intermediate ) # as well as
the amplitude, frequency and period of the oscillations were analyzed.
It was assumed that a large amplitude of oscillations in any of . the
intermediate planes (pl
 or P.) indicates left-sided or right- sided
functional asymmetry of posture and body system regulation.
Twisting and bending oscillations of the acrobats, performed by them
to maintain stability, were analyzed by photographic data. by using
questinnaires, the comfortable' [preferred 1 side for executing a rond de
,ihmb,e pirouette and pa 8.'de cheval, was discovered and the posture of the
u. lei; (standing legs apart to the left (right)) durin g the executing of
paired and group stationary exercises and pyramids were also fixed.
The measurements were made in 1971, 1975 and 1976 during the competition.
Results
The stayjilograms that record the execution of individual control
exercises have an asymmetrical character in direction, rangep frequency
and period.
The results of the experimental investigations of one group (Za-
gorodskiy, Fedorenko, Novitskiye Tret ' yakov) are presented in the table
and in the figures. Over the course of three years measurements were
made five times in this group. ZOO-stabilograms of the execution of
2
individual and group control exercises wero r orded. During the exe-
cution of standing with teat together, hand-On waist (see table and
Fig. 1, a) in the upper ,,first middle and lower a larger range of os-
cillations was recorded in the S and Pl planes (frequency--in the P
plane). In this case bending oscillations of the body (although insig-
nificant) predominate in the forward-backward direction # and twisting--
to the left. We called this phenomenon left-sidea; functional asymmetry
of posture regulation. In the second middle a greater range of oscilla-
Fig. 1. Individual functional asymmetry of posture
regulation of participants of group acrobatics dur-
ing standing with feet together, hands on waist (a)
and standing on toes with feet together, arms up,
eyes closed. Key (for all the figures) i 1) upper--
Zagorodskiyp 2) second middle--Fedorenko t 3? first
middle--Novitskiy, 4) lower--Tret'yakov.
tions was recorded in the S and PL ;planes (frequency--in the P z plane).
Bending oscillations predominate in the forward-backward direction and
twisting, to the right--the phenomenon of right-sided functional asym-
metry of posture regulation. We shall note that Fedorenko carries out
ai `to"ba-tic elements. with a turn to the right. The execution of the next,
more complex t control exercise--standing on toes with feet together,
arms up, eyes closed--confirms our preliminary conclusions, The de-
creased area of support when the body is raised on tiptoe and closing
	/9-
!r'
p
x	 j
A	 8	 C
t
i1
/Y.
I
	 Z	 J
',_Y
 W. LC57
l	 II	 IN	 IM	 V	 VI ^,
Fige Z. Functional asymmetry of postur e regulation
of a pair of acrobats during standing on the shoul
ders of the partner. Six variants (I-VI) structur-
ally and functionally stemming from the paired in-
teraction * The individual data of posture regula-
tion are shown by the dotted arrows, of body sys-
tem regulation---by the solid arrows.
Fig. J. Functional asymmetry of pos-
ture regulation of a group of acro-
bats (body system) during the execu-
tion of a "column" pyramid: Al pro-
"bable model of functional asymmetry
of posture regulation of the group of
acrobats according to individual data.
H--true functional asymmetry of poi-
tore regulation of the group of acro-
bats. C--probable model of functional
asymmetry of posture regulation of the
group of acrobats according to indi-
vidual data with new second middle P.
(the pyramid did not become stabilized).
the eyes led to significant increase of the range of oscillations and 	 /S
frequency of correctionsp but did not change the kinematic and dynamic
figures of posture regulation (see table and Fig. 1, b).
In the analysis of the stab lograms of standing on the shoulders
of the partner we assumed that if the acrobats manifest functional
asymmetry of posture regulation during fixation of individual postures
they will also manifest them during interaction in pairs. Evidently,
here there is an "adjustment" of the individual data of Functional
asymmetry to a total motor program of the body system. The results of
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the investigations are presented in the table and in Fig. 4 When	 f2
Zagorodskiy stood on FedQrenko's shoulders there was right-sided tune
tional asymmetry of the body system posture regulation (dotted arrows
on Fig. Ze 1). We believe that the second middle is a stronger bal-
ancer. he could thrust his tactics of motor interaction on the partner.
Fedorenko contrasted the twisting oscillations to the right with
twisting oscillations of the upper!to the left against a background of
bending oscillations. A high frequency of corrections as compared to
the other pairs was recorded. We shall call the actions to maintain
balance of the body system the tactic of synchronous and asynchronous
antiphase interaction--it is as if the=^acrooats shut off the oscilla-
tions of the body system in the vertical, by means of twisting oscilla-
tions in the opposing direction.
Other results of the execution of the control exercise in pairs are
given in the table and in Fig. 2. Thus, left-sided functional asym-
metry of body system posture regulation was obtained when Novitskiy
stood on Tret'yakov's shoulders (III), Zogorodskiy on Tret'yakov 's
shoulders (V) and Fedorenko on Tret'yakov's shoulders (VI). The in-
teraction of the second middle (2) and the lower (4) were especially
Indicative. The two most active balancers in the group, in whom there
was a different manifestation of the phenomenon of functional asymmetry,
were put together. The best sign of stability of the body system with
left-sided functional asymmetry was obtained. Actually, Tret'yakov
thrust his tactics of balancing on Fedorenko. We shall note that the
lower executes all the acrobatic exercises with a turn to the left.
During the holding of the "column" pyramid the lower takes a stance
with legs apart # left ahead, and during the execution of all the paired
exercises always interacts with the support. In the lot and )rd num-
bers individual left-sided functional asymmetry was _obtained, but in
the pair right-sided functional asymmetry of body system posture regu-
lation was recorded. Evidently, for the maintenance of stability in
the system the acrobats jointly develop by conditioned reflexes a new
tactic of balancing which differs from the individual one. In a pair
the 2nd and 3rd expressed functional asymmetry of posture regulation
was not detected.
6
Before analyzing the acrobats' execution of the "column" pyramid,
on the basis of the results of the stabilographic investigations of the
execution of the individual and paired control exercises we constructed
a probablo model of the acrobats' interaction in the group during the
execution of the column. The probable model s_,presented graphically
in Fig. 30 At According to our data, the upp(4r, first middle and flower
inn the column implement primary twisting osciJUaticno to the left,
and the second middle--to the right. Creating antphase rigid-resilient
Interactions in this ways the acrobats control stability. We also
proposed that the body system posture regulation would have a left
sided functional character. The actual stabilogram on the whole con-
firmed the results of the probable model (see Fig. jo H). The detected
functional asymmetry has a left-sided character in most cases. For an
explanation of the cited data, attention should be directed to the well-
known work of B. Y. Ognev [b] in which it is shown that, despite the
more developed right half of the body (or possibly, precisely because
of this) #
 left,-sided functional asymmetry predominates in the actions
of humans.
Due to a number of reasons Fedorenko was replaced by master of
sport P. in the team of four acrobats. Sta:bilograms of his stability
showed that this acrobat also has a left-sided functional, asymmetry of
posture regulation. The manifestation of left-sided asymmetry in all
four acrobats negatively affected the stability of the athletes during
stabilization Qf the pyramids. Apparently this was the cause of their
weak performance at routine competitions (Fig. 3, C). The acrobats
resumed successful performances only with Fedorenko's return to the group.'
Conclusions
1. Functional asymmetry of posture regulation of the body and of
a body system was recorded in acrobats during the execution of individual
and group exercises. Stability is maintained at the expense of bending
and twisting oscillations of the body.
1
,
	 29 Left-sided functional asymmetry of posture regulation is noted
11
I'
i;
in upper Zogorodskiyo first middle Novitskiy and lower 'fret'yakovi right-
`	 Sidedt in Second muddle. Fedorenko This 'Varied direotional,ity of the
twisting oscillationsr which appears during the execution o `3` the "col-
umn" pyramid, makes it possible to control the stability of the body
system.
It is important to consider the manifestation of the phenomenon
of functional asymmetry of posture regulation in making up pairs and
groups or acrobats ) and also in the selection of athletes.
µ. knowledge of the characteristics of the manifestation of
functional asymmetry of posture regulation makes it possible to per-
toot the instructional and. training procedure in athletic acrobatics.
6
^ s
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9


Functional asymmetry of posture and body system regulation

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