This article gives an outline of sintering techniques of silicon carbide and refers to recent developments. These techniques are also applicable to other oxides with a high melting point and particularly high sinterability, namely MgO and BeO

Suzuki, H.

English

NASA Technical Reports Server

(.'Hemical A' -.i
99- 2672_'f lli t progress in densification of silicon &j '» ide
(SijNj). Matsu Yasushi, Tajima, Yo (NGK Spark Plug Co Ltd.,
N'a£^"> Japan TT). Seramikkusu 1983. 18(1), 10-16 (. otn)
A review, with 4i ;efs. on the method and mechanism of densif. ir.on
of SiaN* by sui'K processes as gas pressure sintering, hot is.n'atic
pressing, very high-pressure sintering,.post-sinte.-ing, and the cr^sin.
of grain boundary phases.- H Ei.'ia/a
99 26723g Recent trends and theoretical background in sift" mg
of silicon carbide ceramics. Suzuki, Hiroshige (Fac. Educ C ibe
Univ . Kobe, Jap..i. 057). Seramikkusu 1983, 18(1), 3-9 (Japan)
A review, with 32 refs, on fundamental aspects of sintering of SiC
under normal and high pressures and of reactive sintering of SiC.
H. E ).ig.i
99 26724h Methods for bonding of ceramics. Ebata, YoM.ihiro,
Kinoshita, Makuto (Gov. Ind Res. Inst. Osaka, Osaka, Japan 563).
Seramikkusu 1983, 18(1), 17-22 (Japan) A review, with 12 refs.,
on high-temp, bonding of metal (Cu, Ni, etc.) on oxide ceramics
(AlzOs, MgO, LaCrOs, etc.) by using Cu sulfide or Ag carbonate as a
flux or metallic Cu as an interlayer, and on high-temp, bonding of
Sialon and SisN* w»th a mixt. of kaolin and NaF (or CaF2> as a flux.
H. ELuga
99. 26725J The potential for ceramics in engineering applications.
Davidge, R. W (AERE, Harwell/Oxon , UK). / Mech E Con/. Publ
1982, (6), 91-7 (Eng). A review with 7 refs. on use of ceramics in
design for the structural and engineering applications, in relation to
their bnttleness and strength
99: 26726k Surface and thin film analyses of glass surfaces
and surface coating. Part 3. Use of the analytical methods in
development and production. Bach, Hans (Zentralber. Forsch
Entwickl., SCHGTT GLASWERKE, Mainz, Fed. Rep. Ger) Glastech
Ber 1983, 56t3), 55-62 (Ger) A revisw, with 73 refs., on the use of
methods of surface and depth profile anal, in development and
prodn in the glass industry Several of these methods must bs -:3ed
simultaneously to obtain and confirm the individual analyses If
product properties are related to texture, fine structure, coordmati-m,
and bonding in the surface layers or coatings, element and ci mi,n.
depth profiles must be supplemented by corresponding rhys.
measurements
99 26727m Properties and wear behavior of powder toray
coat tags. 1. Polak, Reinhard (CASTOLIN G.m.b H., Vienna,
Austria). Schu.eisstechmk t Vienna) 1983, 37(2), 22-6 (Ger).
A review with several refs on the wear, corrosion, 'and el«"c
piopfrties of AhOi, CrsOj, TiG;, TiN and other layers obtair>'. by
powder spraying on glass, ceram.c, and metal substrates.
99. 26728n Processes during firing of fine ceramics. Pa •? 71.
Moeriti, H., S<!meller, K H (Inst Werkstoffwiss., Erlangen. i ed
Rep Ger.) Sprschsaal I98,i, 116(4), 270-2, 274 (Ger). A lev.ew
with 34 refs.
99' 26729p All-electric glass-melting tanks - a development of
the Una VEB Institut Technisches Glas. Illig, Hans J r r rh im
(Jena, Ger DCL.I Rep). Sprfchsaal 1983, 116(4), 286-7 (Cor)
A review and disi ussion wth no refs
99 26730g The properties of ceramic graphite bodies. !::..,,v,i,
A. (OR Stem Refract. Ltd., UK). Refract J 1983, 58(2V -10
(Eng). A review, with 13 refs , on the properties of MgO-gm >hite
refractories for steelmaking, with emphasis on porosity, strucu.re,
strei gth, d , etc
99. 2b73lh Miorostructure of ceramics fabricated by ur.idi=
rectional solidification. Kofcubo, Tadashi (Inst. Chem dus ,
Kyoto Univ, Kyoto, Japan) Seramikkusu 1983, 18(3), IT-33
(Japuii). A re\iew with 57 refs The unidirectional solidifictition
methods are zone melting, 'crystal pulling, Bndgman, and r.ow
cooling In order to obtain excellent properties (such as transpar. .icy),
pores, voids, and ..racks are mu.3t be avoided, and elimination >A ...ich
defer is is described. N. i'ada
99. 26732J Siliccn carbide for high-temperature heat exchcngers.
Penty, R. A , Bjerkhe, J. W (Hague Int, South Portland, ME J-U06
USA/ Ceram Eng Sci Proc 1982, 3(1-2), 120-7 ;'.ng).
A review with 12 refs SiC-hased high-pressure heat exc! ;-iif,ers
have a lifetime of 12-15 mo at 1375° and can result in >40 '/> fuel
savings
99' 2d733k Isomorphism in inorganic glass-forming substances
related to the substitution of defects (microquasiisomorphi^m).
Dembovskii, S A , Cherhotkina, A. E, Brekhovskikh, M N;
Kliniashevsku, L M (Inst. Obshch. Neorg Khim. im Kur. kova,
M.iuow, USSR) Zh Neorp i:h;m 1983, 2S<M, 1095-100 .I.uss)
A review, with '2i refs., on isii. .jiphous defect =.1 ostitutions in <ioped
chalcogenide glas- semiconductors.
99 26734m Separations of vitreous microphuses in industnal
glasses from the system caicium oxide(magnrsium oxide)- .oron
oxide-alumina-silica. Cer. hez, Mihai; lonescu, Elen.. Hilda
(Inst Cercetan Projectrai Technol Ceramica Fina, Rom 1 Ind
[lnuara 1982, 'iS)(7), 315-19 (Pol). The title glasses used ,:j the
electronic industry were studied by microscopy The best mic' phase
sepn. was shown by the glasses contg. SiO; 4820-60.0, BzO 13-21,
AW)., 12.0-187, K2O and Na;0 010, FesOi <0 10, a i rd MgO
050-1.80% and having CaO + B-jOa/AlsOj - ^i02 and CaU/V,;Oa
ratios 0 38-0 46 1 and 0 48-0.60.1, rebp
99. 26735n Electrical melting of vitreous silicates. ffcrna,
Seplinnu, Tcntulescu, Dumitru, Cerchcz, Mihai (Inst (.••.elan
Projectan Tehnul Sticlaceram Fina, Bucharest. Rom.) Ind .i.aru
19S2, 29(9), 402-9 (Rom) Eier. furnaces with graphite a. d »1o
electrodes werf used for melting of various g'uss compns s .iplnte
electrodes were recommended for glass compnj contg furna^ t siag
and basalt and mineral wool Tn. Mo electrode1- were recon'inended
for white and brc wn C a-Nti Si glasses
Vol. 9'). .983 Page <!Gi>
99 26706o Sealing glass and its technology. Fan, Tianyi 'ast.
Miner. Deposits, Chin Acad. Geol. £1, , Beijing, J--up. Rep. China).
Zhonggao Duhi Kt-zueyuan Kuangdtan Dizhi Yanjiuso Sokan
1982, 4, 109-20 (Ch',. The properties ..f a sealing glass contg. _MO2,
AhOi, B20j, NazO, and/or KzO for joining quartz glass and
borosilicate glass contg. 80.42-91.97% -^102, and i he melting and
sealing of this type of glass are discussed
99 267!l7q Diffusion of potas t>ium(-f) ions in cherricaily
strengthening glass and effect of silicon dioxide and impurities
in fused salts. Yokota, Ryosuke \Nagaoku Technol. U n i v ,
Nagaoka, Japan). Aupnofea Gijutsu Kagaku Daigaku Kenkyu
HoKnku 1982, 4, 1—4 (.Japan). Glass compns amenable to uhem.
strengthening are discussed. A large diffusion coeff of K+ ions and a
strengtl'fued layer of ~50 M thickness are required The diffusion
coeff. ul K* ions was measured for the ciiem. strengthening </. glass
for eye glasses and watch covers The extent which the various
impurity ions in the KNOs fused salt exert a detrimental effect on
the diffusion coeff. of K+ ions in the glass was studied CajT ions
had the most detrimental effect followed by Sr", Mg2+, Na-, Ba^*,
and Zn2+ ions, in order, with Na+ ions having a -eak effect. Fe3+
ions had no effect. Doping the KNOa rused salt with 8162 decreased
the effect of impurity ions, such as Mg'^ and Na+, considerably.
99: 26738r Processes occurring at the glass glass ceramic
interface in sealing. Allenova, T. A.; Baryshevskii, E A; Veber,
E. V.; Volkova, V. F., Gorbacheva, T. K., Zakharova, N. I; Ivanov,
V. V , Ivanova, T. N.; Lobik, V. V . Yurkov, L. F (Moscow,
USSR). Adgez Rusplauou Paika Mater 1982, 9 88-90 (Russ)
DTA, optical microscopy, SEM, transm.ssion electron microscopy,
and measurement of contact angle weie .ised to study the structure
and properties of a cor tact zone in sealing of the screen and cxn-cal
part of kinescopes by crystg glasses The sealing was carried out at
440° and <9D /mm heating rate The lugh-d. seals wi th a fine-grained
and uniform structure were obtained ofter high-rate heating The
relation between the wettabihty and crystn of t,he sealing glas.- is
discussed Intermediate layers, 03-07 u-thick, between the glassy
and sealing glass-ceramics were lormed as H result of chen'
interaction during sealing
99' 26739s Possibilities and limitations of thermal chlonaacion
for removing impurities from silicate raw 111:1 trials. Loren?,
Hans; Mueller, Siegfried (Zentralinn .\norg Chem, DAV Ger
Dem F<ep) Sihkattechmk 1982, 331"-.1 370-'l (Ger) High- _rity
quartz gravel, sand, kaolin, and feldsp...' for the mss and ceramic
industry were prepd by removing Fe^O,, AljOs, T t . foO. and 'iher
impurities sia chlonnation with HC1, r t% I'O 4- Cb, or COClz
99 26V40k ESR spectra of iron(,i +) ions in lend silicate /ags.
Iwamoto, Nobuya, Makino, Yukio; Mika m, i ' i .C iuke (Japan)
Trans JWRl 1982, 11(2), 165-6 (Eng). 1 ne state of Fe'+ '. r.s m
PbO-Fe20i-Si02 gl& is was studied hv ESP. Resonance , j to
dipole-dipole interaction between Fe1- .ons is obri at Fe2Oa >. ^^ em
>1 mol% The relative quantity 01 Fr-3 ' u. ^ increabes with
increasing PbO content >50 mol % Thi FeJ+ ions prefer a :\ • t'b'C
crystal field to an axial one with 'nor-.asing PbO conten. The
increase of Fe1+ ions in a rhombic uyscal field it, ...i.-ely relateu to a
linear chain structure in Pb silicate glass.
99. 2R741m Quartz need crystals as a raw material for ;_sed
silica. Bruening, Rolf, C.bis, No.bert (Abt F.ntwicU , h.,.-aeus
Quarzschmelze G.m b H , 64 jO Hanau, Fjd Rep G • . Forsi hung^ber
- Bundesnumst Forsch Technol, Teihnol Ftirsi.h Entioick1 !*)82,
BMFT-FB-T 82-199, 65 pp (Ger) The prospects are discu -• for
the replacement of fcarce rock crystal by artifii-ially grown quartz
(AGQ) in the manuf of high-quality fused MOt for piezoelec
crystals, semiconductors, lamps, and Hfh1 guides. The adiar. ' s of
AGQ over rock crytta' are higher L'V transmission and ' ' Al
content whereas the disadvantages are higher Na and Fe contents
and lower radiation resistance. Fused SiOs from AGQ and rock
crystal have comparable viscosity, thermal expansion, and devitri!~"t.ition
properties
99. 26742n Thermotransport in silicate glasse Part 2. Studies
on vitreous silica and general conclusions, tleuther. Hf,:nr.d,
WiegmBnn, Joachim, Hinz, Wilhelm (Zentralmst Kerc.^ .''h,
Dtscli. Akad. Wiss., F( /ssendorf, Ger 7)em Rep.'. G(a.siet.. Her
1983, 56(2), 47-50 (Ger) The temp-induced d.fi'usion of Na<- to
the cool zone of vitreous silica is compensated by the counter-CuiT.'sion
of H+ to the hot zone The effective heat of transport is detd as the
difference between the values for i\ir and H*: it is pos and
temp--dependent The ,,ractical \if i.f temp -induced diffusion in
prepn and processing 01 silica and bina.y and ternary silicate glasses
is cm.'plicated by thr- v ry small con' P gradients
99 l.R743p Some physicochemical aspects til' pailadium-p:illa =
dium(II)oxide-silver-glass m i x t u r e s in te r ing . Barvckt , I ,
Misiuk, A (Inst Electron. Techno.., Tech Univ Wroclaw ." ,170
Wroclaw, Pol J Mater S'.-i 1:81, 7(4),-107-74 'F i Pd-PdO- i\n gla&s
compi.s. are made miu fi nuste and primed or cut ir-nc substrates and
sintered to pr >vidf mici ,electronit londuc'.iri fend resist<>'^ A
typical powder corripn contain? Pu 10 PdO \(> Ag 10, n.r- glass
(Pbl^ 54, SiO "!34, H 0, 226) 70 '"t :M an org vehicle The paste
was printed on Al.fii and heat,.d z-60 mn at 370-1!">0 K.
Transformations wen f xaind by x-rnv d i f f r H < t i . < n In the temp,
range 170-700 K. Pd I'd-Ag solid sol.i and Ag '• res were o'.,«d At
70(lK, trie sumplts o-i.sisted of PdO, f^-Ag ». I ioln . and glass.
For samples healed tit 1150 K, the bnlid
 Onln c. .f)ii is Pd-lC"oAg,
and seme PdO remuins The Ag dr, ,-i-;_-,j in t l ir Pd-Ap soli'! -n.In ',3
dependt.ni on the nu thod used fi/r I . initial m /t ,)repn , nd is
esp large when the Ag in the mixt ia mnorphous
99. 2R?44q Formation and structure of some alkaM meta'. and
alkaliii.- (.arth flu'Toborate glab.sp- Cheng, Jtjian, X.>j, .!;ejic,
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I) S. Prochazka, "Special Ceramics 6", ed by P.
Popper, Brit. Ceramic Res. Assoc., Stcke-on-
Trent (1975) p. 171-82 lit'.
2-1) . fUfctf, W. B6cker and H. Hausner. Powder
Matal. International, 10, 83-85 Stf 87-89 (1978)
2-2) K.A. Schwetz and A. Lipp "Science of Cera-
mics 10" Buchles Gorden. Sept. (1979) ; &# ESK.
OS 2809 278 (1979).
C. Greskovich and J.H. Rosolowski, J. Am.
Ceram. Sex., 59. 386 (1976)
H. Suzuki and T. Hase, Proceeding of Intern!
Symp. of Factors in Intensification and Sintering
of Oxide and Non- oxide Ceramics, Oct. 3~5,
1978. Hakone. Japan, p. 345-65.
5) ibid., p. 350.
3)
4)
6) ibid., p. 350-51.
T) *&MH. *&»*. inia:m** OBfn ss *} s
* p. 23.
8) fi&, ft*. B», jKffi. 87, 318 (1979)
4) O p. 348.
9) Brmu-, *ea»3t. jRSisyt
67.
10) S. Prochazka, "Ceramics for High- Performance
Applications" ed. J.J. Burke et al.. Brook Hill
Publishing Co., Chestnut (1974) p. 239.ii) 4) imc.
12) H. Suzuki and T. Hase. J. Am. Ceram. Soc..
13. 350 (1980).
13) T. Hase and H. Suzuki, J. Am. Ceram. Soc..
84. C-58 (1981).
14) F.F. Lange and T.K. Gupta. J. Am. Ceram.
Soc., 59, 537-38 (1976).
15) M.F. Sung. JJ<)7*>l'-T*¥fe±$a3: CCBL
LBL-9257 (1979).
16) 2) ifaJC.
17) M. Omori and H. Takei. J. Am. Ceram. Soc.,
85, C-92 (1982).
18) K. Inomata. H. Tanaka, J. Mater. Science, 14
[5] 38 (1979).
19) T. Hase, H. Suzuki and H. Ueda, Bull. Res.
Lab. for Nucl. Reactors, 4, 61-68 (1979).
20) 7) © p. 7 tt p. 44 Xtf p. 7 5H p. 47.
21) &UL1.&WJ, fflH &, S%*?AS. *%S.
22) •gll;tti, H. Suzuki, I. Matsunaga, S. Kimura.
Bull., T.I.T., No. 90, 21 (1969).
23) T. Hase. H. Suzuki and T. Iseki. J .Vac/.
Mater., 59, 42-48 (1976).
24) S«r, ft*. $%. »4. 332-37 (1976).
25) 22) fi.tf 24).
26) T. Hase and H. Suzuki, Bull. Res. Lab. Nucl.
Reactors, \ [3] 37-42 (1976).
27) 24) imc.
28) R.A. AlhcRTo, L.B. Coffin and J.R. Tinkle-
paugh. J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 39, 386 (1956',
29) FSiJg5gtt®WX!li*3;t^t-/i'¥-S»S®^^^o
(4). fflfgse^s^, eta) <t*
30) WE, W. CT. if, S 20
®g* (1982) p. 42.
31) K. Hunold W. Grellner (ESK). "Keramische
Komp. fur Fahrzeug — Gasturbmen n". Spnnger-
' Verlag. Berlin (1981) p. 499-509
32) Watson (NASA Lewis Res. Center) -f y ? - i
[• «
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18 (1983) No. 1


Recent trends and theoretical background in sintering of silicon carbide ceramics

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