A very prominent magnetic anomaly measured by MAGSAT over the eastern mid-continent of the United States was inferred to have a source region beneath Kentucky and Tennessee. Prominent aeromagnetic and gravity anomalies are also associated with the inferred source region. A crustal model constructed to fit these anomalies interpreted the complex as a large mafic plutonic intrusion of Precambrian age. The complex was named the Kentucky body. It was noticed that the Jessamine Dome, which is a locus of intense faulting and mineralization, occurs near the northern end of the Kentucky body, and that more generally there seemed to be a spatial relationship between mineral occurrence and the body. The relationship between mineral deposits in Kentucky and Tennessee and the Kentucky body was investigated. A compilation of mineral occurrences in the region, classified according to type and age, is presented

Mayhew, M. A.

Myers, D. M.

English

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Produced by the NASA Center for Aerospace Information (CASI) 
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Greenbelt, Maryl and 20771
Prepared by
BUSINESS AND TECFNOl06ICAL SYSTEMS, INC.
Aerospace Building, Suite 440
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Seabrook, Maryland 20706
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(MA5A-Ch-175240) L COdPILATIOM OF dINE RAL	 984-28275
OCCURiEMCES IND THE RELATICYSHIP OF
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very prof3"±e , IWg*►etic anomaly measured by Wagsat over the
easier- Reid-contineq+t of tree Unitee States mes inferred to have a source
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-wd r3al:ster. !"zi '027.atru ...
al ':?U) notea titat pr=inent aeronaof*t_ic and gravity aronialies are assoo-
ated with the inferred source reciw. ^vwv constructed a crustal model to fit
these avowal _•s, and interpreted the complei ► as a large safic plutonic
intrusion Of arecanbrian ate. `he complex was named the 'Kentucky body'. at
was noticed that the 3essaw?* Bowe. rhich is a locus of intense faulting and
mineralization, occurs near the northern end of the Kentucky body, arr# that
mo-e generally the se seem-^ to be a s3atial relationship between mineral
occurrence and tI* body. This stray involved obtaining source -aterial from
the IJ.S. .,ecological Surrey and elseame-e on mineral occurrerce in Kentucky and
Te ,nressee, and investigating further 3tether tte distribution of deposits is
related in some wav to the Kentucky bod y _ Z. comilation of mineral
occurrences in the region, classified according to type and age, is presented
in the figures of the -eport.
1.1	 PIh neral Deposits
Material in this section is s ynthesized principally from Lawrence
(1963), Jolly and Hey] (1964), kyle (1976), McKnight et al (1962a,b), iior! et
al (1974), Srobst and Hobbs (1968), liedow et al (1968), and Van Alstine and
Sweeney (1968). Four mineral cormodities are of interest to this study; they
are barite, fluorite, lead, and zinc. These occur together in various propor-
tions over a wide geographic area, and are geneticaly related. They occupy
two principal stratigraphic positions in the lower Paleozoic carbonate
sequence, mainly in the upper part of the Knox Group of early Ordovician age,
and secondarily in the early Cambrian Shady Dolomite, although in places the
deposits have also been found in h";gher stratigraphic levels. The principal
(Ordovician) deposits probably formed in a karst terrain developed on the
a v4L" ius TI, XV#I,NJ• L % 1 ," W, h-
xis'-early Ordovician unconfor:ity (Lawre ce, 196-8j_ Thus they are fou"
cancentrate= as rein an4 cavity fillings and residual deposits derived frow
these, r_- c in breccia zones resulting fro*- collapse *elated to carbonate solu-
tion. .(here faults and fract j re zones a-e present, notably in t^e Jessa^i^e
Lrz =n;t -` 1--ne these c-_1W1_^'n3 r hove frA. =Pd aathwa" for mineralizing
solutions.
The mineral distributions and types :-e summarized in tabula- fora
in Table 1 and in the map o f rigure	 The shall dots in Figure 1 indicate
the distribution of significant fluorite de posits which include important
concentrations of lead, zinc, and barite. Areas a and b enclosed by dashed
lines contain many staai 7 deposits of lead-zinc-barite - fluorite, and are
associated with the Jessamine and Nashville domes, -especti:el y . Locations
and 2 repr_sent other significant deposits. Deposits indicated by location
are associated with the Elliott County kimberlite (which occurs within the
Ror+e Trough), and are genetically unrelated to the others.
The arbon ate-hosted deposits are considered to 5e of °wiss^ssippi
Valley' type, such like those further to the west, and thus the site of
deposition may be Far from the original, presumably magmatic, source. On the
other hand, Jolly and Heyl (1966) p resented ar guments for a local, dees-seated
magmatic body beneath the Jessamine Domc- as both the source of the snirerali-
zing fluids and the cause of the intense fracturing. In an y case, the .ge of
the mineral i za`ion is much less than (perhaps one third) that of the plutonic
complex making up the Kentucky body.
1.2
	
Relaticn to large-Scale Structures
The lead-zinc-barite-fluorite mineralization in Kentucky and
Tennessee is clearly related to the Cincinnati Arch (Figures 1 a , d 3), a broad
linear domal feature which experienced recurrent vertical movenent throughout
the Paleozoic. The up-arching of the mineralized stratigraphic levels over
the Arch and exposure by erosion explains the association. A sag in the
structure occurs where the eastern extension of the Rough Creek Graben
L,
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&	 1.10 TEg xv,t, n .^-u Sf-TEAR tv-
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(Soderberg and Keller, 19811 cort`nues into the Rome Trough t'%^ner-nan and
Keller , 1979) and crosses T-I* Arch, separating it along its length into the
,jessamine and Nashville domes. This explains :ne association of zones a and b
of Figure 1 with the two dames_
Althougn a direct genetic relationship between the mineral deposits
and the Kentucky body see^s unlikely because of the great ace difference,
there does seem to be a close geographic relationship between the Kentucky
bodv and *_he Cincinnati Arch. The most di-ect explanation for this is that
there has been differential vertical -tovement between the two due to the
anomalously large density of the Kentucky body.
aB/ V%E%• #%if TEem%e#LUr,M.& S1--7fw IM:
Tabl e 1
Symbol	 Location	 Description
• a 1	 Central Kentucky District	 Barite, fluorite, sphalerite,
and galena in fissure veins in
Ordovician limestones.
Z	 Cumberland River Area,
	
Sphalerite, galena, barite, and
Kentucky
	
	 calcite fissure veins similar to
those of Central Kentucky and
Central Tennessee districts.
b	 Central Tennessee District 	 Barite. fluorite, spnalerite,
galena and calcite fissure veins
in Lower and Middle Ordovician
limestones. Very large manto
and breccia deposits of
fluorite, barite, and sphalerite
in Lower Ordovician dolomites
extending u p into Middle
Ordovician limestones.
3	 Elliott County kimberlites 	 Fluorite-bearing igneous breccia
and tactite zones of
Pennsylvanian or Permian age.
4 5
Bi i%Ek% a.tu TF-tl %#PLt* u_1c St M v.. l%C-
REFERENCES
Ammernan, M. L. and G. R. Keller, Delineation of Rome Trough in eastern
Kentucky by gravity and deep drilling data, Amer. Assoc. Petrol. Geologists
Bull., 63, 341-353, 1979.
Brobst, 0. A., and R. G. Hobbs, Barite, in Mineral Resources of the
Appalachian Region, 'JSGS Professional Paper 580, 270-277, 1968.
Harris, L. D., Oil and Gas data from the Lower Ordovician and Cambrian rocks
in the Appalachian Basin, USGS Map I-917-D, 1975.
Jolly, J. L. and A. 1 . Heyl, Mineral paragenesis and zoning in the Central
Kentucky mineral district, Econ. Geol., 59, 596-624, 1964.
Kyle, J. R., Brecciation, alteration, and mineralization in the central
Tennessee zinc district, Econ. Geol., 71, 892-903, 1976.
Lawrence, R. A., Ore deposits of the southern Appalachians, in J. n- Ridge,
ed, Ore Deposits of the United States, 1933-1967, vol. I, American Institute
of Mining, Metallurgical, and Petroleum Engineers, Inc., New York, 155-168,
1968.
Mayhew, M. A., and S. C. Galliher, An equivalent layer magnetization model for
the United States derived from Magsat data, Geophys. Res. Lett. 9, 311-313,
1982.
Mayhew, M. A., H. H. Thomas, and P. J. Wasilewski, Satellite and surface
geopnysical expression of anomalous crustal structure in Kentucky and
Tennessee, Earth Plan. Sci. Lett. 58, 395-405, 1982.
Mayhew, M. A., R. H. Estes, and D. M. Myers, Remanent magnetization and three-
dimensional density model of the Kentucky anomaly region, Final Report, NASA
Contract NAS5-27488, 90 pp. 1984.
^I
NI
BI +r^E.• t%U T6-I	 IL S
 
ISTEWS, I%(-
McKnight, E. T., W. L. Newman, and A. V. Heyl , Jr., Zinc in the United States,
USGS Map AR-19, 1962.
, Lead in the United States, USGS Map MR-15, 1962.
Soderberg, R. K., and G. R. Keller, Geophysical evidence for deep basin in
western Kentucky, Amer. Assoc. Petrol, Geologists Bull., 65, 226-234, 1981.
U.S. Geological Survey and American Association of Petroleum Geologists,
Tectonic map of the United States, 1962.
Van Als*_ine, R. E., and J. W. Sweeney, Flurospar, in Mineral Resources of the
Appalachian Region, USGS Professional Paper 580, 286-288, 1968.
We^nw, H., Jr., A. V. Heyl, and J. W. Sweeney, Zinc and lead, in Mineral
Resources of the Appalachian Region, USGS Professional Paper 580, 450-453,
1968.
Worl , R. G., R. E. Van Al st i ne , and A. V. Heyl , Fluorite in the United States,
USGS Map MR-60, 1974.
Zietz, I., Composite magnetic anomaly map of the United States, U.S. Geol.
Surv. Map GP-954A, 1982.
i
J
ZY
Bi •nL-iN i%u Ti-i x.N4)1JXacu. SESTEWS. hI_
FIGURE CAPTIONS
Figure 1. Tectonic elements and mineral localities in Kentucky and
Tennessee. Heavy line is -30 mgal gravity contour outlining
Kentucky body (KYL). Light broken line is one contour line
selected from aeromagnetic map of Zietz (1982). Cincinnati Arch
delineated by zero level structure contour (dot-dash line) on top
of Trenton (USGS and AAPG, 1962). Short dashed lines are
generalized faults delineating Rough Creek Graben of Soderberg and
Keller (1981) and Rome Trough (Ammerman and Keller, 1979). Symbols
1, 2, 3, a, b refer to Table 1. Modified from Mayhew et al
(1984).
Figure 2. Locations of cross sections shown in Figure 3.
Figure 3. Latitudinal and longitudinal cross sections constructed from map of
Harris (1975) showing basement surface faults cutting it.
Chicken-track symbol in sections 4, 5, C, and D indicates inferred
position of top of "Kentucky body" (Mayhew et al, 1984).
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A compilation of mineral occurrences and the relationship of occurrences to structural elements of the Kentucky and Tennessee region

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