The data of the ionization chamber in Yakutsk for 1954 to 1984 are analyzed. A false sidereal variation caused by the second spherical harmonic in cosmic ray distribution was found and it has the amplitude 0.020 plus or minus 0.002%. The sidereal anisotropy with a very small amplitude (not more than 0.005%) was observed to exist

Krivoshapkin, P. A.

Kuzmin, A. I.

Shafer, G. V.

Skripin, G. V.

English

NASA Technical Reports Server

5 2 SH 4.4-8
SIDEREAL ANISOTROPY OF COSmiC RAYS
A. I. Kuzmin
Yakutsk State University, 677007 Yakutsk, USSR
P.A.Krivos_apkin, G.V.Skripin, G._.Shafer
Institute of Cosmophysical Research & Aeronomy
Lenin Ave., 31, 677891 Yakutsk, USSR
ABSTRACT
The data of the ionization cha_aber in Yakutsk
for 1954-1984 are analyzed. A false sidereal
variation caused by the second spherical
harmonic in cosmic ray distribution was found
and it has the amplitude 0.020_+0.002%. The
t 0.005%) was observed
to exist.
In Table I the characteristics of the first ha_nonic of
the solar-diurnal, sidereal and anti-sidereal variations of
cosmic rays on data of the ionization chamber in Yakutsk
from 1954 to 1984 are given. The data are pressure corrected.
From Table I it is evident that all the three variations
significantly change from year to year. The solar-diurnal
variation phase in 1954 and 1955 shifted to very early time
as compared with other years. This tendency manifested in
1976 which evidences the 22-year recurrence of this varia-
tion.
The sidereal variation is "_3 times less than the solar-
diurnal one. Its maxim_ time, on average, is 21 hr of the
sidereal time varying 2-3 hours from it at various years.
Sidereal variation in 1958 was somewhat anomalous with a very
small amplitude (0.00_%) and early maxim_ time (14.7 hr).
The anti-sidereal variation suffers the stronger chang-
es from year to year either on amplitude or on phase. Its
amplitude is _2.5 times less and the maximum time is at
earlier hours (13.8 hr) in comparison with the sidereal va-
riation.
In Table 1 data separately for two periods 1958-1968
and 1972-1981 being characterized by various polarity of the
general magnetic field of the Sun are also shown, it is
evident that phases of sidereal and anti-sidereal variations
at these periods are almost invariable. And the phase of the
solar-diurnal variation in the second period 2,4 hr to the
earlier time is shifted. The amplitudes of all the varia-
tions in 1972-1981 increased by 15-30%.
In Table 2 the characteristics of all the three varia-
tions corrected to pressure, influence of atraospheric tem-
perature and the Earth's magnetic field (JhTN) are presented.
Contribution of the temperature (T) was determined by the
https://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=19850026693 2020-03-20T16:46:09+00:00Z
53 SH 4.4-8
method described in [I] . Vectors T were substracted from
the average observed vectors of the intensity anisotropy of
of corresponding variations presented by the last three lines
in Table I. Then using receiving vectors [2] for the ioni-
zation chamber the correction to the influence of the geO-
magnetic field was introduced•
Table 2
Characteristics of solar, sidereal and anti-sidereal
vectors of diurnal variation of ground temperature (t),
of the contribution of the whole atmosphere (T) and of
cosmic ray intensity corrected to atmospheric effects and
to geomagnetic field (JhTIVI)
, , : ..
Solar-diurnal Sidereal Anti-sidereal
_ector Period ..................
I Amp. _,h Amp. l_,h _p. l_,h................ ,, , ,|.,
I
•  .i+o.i
T, 7o'10 " I TT
Jh'rN,%"lO'_l Z 40 33 4 7 14 ;1 21 9 11 $1 10 22 4 $8 16.8 2 ¥2 .7 20 2 2 .3
m, °.O _ III 3.8¥0.1 15.1 1.4$0.1 8.1 1.150.1 21.3
T,%'_0"" 1 III 60 $4 4.8 22 $1.5 21.8 17 $1.1 11.0
JhTR,%t0" TTI 265 $8 17.4 15 ¥3 15.9 20 $2.2 21.4
_,oc o TV 3.9¥0.1 15.4 1.350.1 8.1 1.150.1 21.8
T,°,/o,m-° IV 24 $4 4.7 8 $1.3 21.4 7 $1.1 11.3
JhTM,_%,,O- IV 239 _8 15.9 33 -73 23.0 19 _2.3 18.0
i • J u , i
• I - 1954-1983, ll - 1958-1979, Ill - 1958-1968,
IV- 1972-1981
_rom Table 1,2 it is evident that after the corrections
JhT_ were made the solar diurnal variation amplitude at all
the observation periods increased by _3 times and the phase
had shifted 4 hr to later time. As for above two periods the
amplitude of solar diurnal variation at the first period
(1958-1968) in comparison with the second period became
larger and the phase difference remained almost invariable.
The phases of the solar-diurnal variation vectors of ground
temperature (t) and of vectors T do not change on time.
However, the T vector amplitude in the second period is more
than twice larger than in the first one.
The JhT_ vectors of sidereal and anti-sidereal varia-
. tions for 30-year period are equal on the value and differ
significantly on the phase. Such a behaviour of the varia-
tion can be explained as it was shown in [3] by antisy_aet-
ric diurnal variation caused by the second spherical harmo-
nic of the cosmic ray distribution in the interplanetary
magnetic field. Due to this reason a false sidereal varia-
tion with the amplitude 0.020+0.002% and phase 21.7 hr
occurs. After substraction of anti-sidereal variation from
_H4.4-8
54 T_ble I
Amplitudes and phases of solar-diurnal, sidereal and
anti-sidereal variations on data of ASK-1 ionization chamber
in Yakutsk
i | ., ,,
Solar-diurnal Sidereal Anti-sidereal
Years .................
A'I0-3,% _,h A.I0-3,% _,h A.I0-3,% _,h
,= , ..... , .
1954 55+2 5.8 70+2 22.0 29+2 4.1
1955 71- 8.9 48- 21.7 10- 5.6
1956 107 12.2 34 20.8 16 14.3
1957 95 13.6 34 18.0 34 13.3
1958 90 13.6 9 14.7 15 14.2
1959 93 14.7 31 19.3 29 13.3
1960 95 14.9 37 19.7 14 15.3
1961 55 14.8 33 18.9 19 22.9
1962 96 14.8 27 19.4 8 13.3
1963 80 13.8 21 22.3 22 12.3
1964 72 13.3 15 21.9 9 13.8
1965 58 12.2 17 19.5 14 17.3
1966 89 13.7 15 20.5 7 15.8
1967 83 13.3 35 23.8 14 10.3
1968 87 14.3 23 23.9 3 18.2
1969 89 14.3 12 23.0 10 8.4
1970 87 13.5 15 01.4 5 9.8
197! 109 12.3 19 23.2 3 22.8
1972 91 11.4 35 22.2 6 13.0
1973 98 11.3 20 23.7 11 13.1
1974 95 12.6 24 18.5 18 17.6
1975 96 10.4 34 20.7 18 11.1
1976 84 9.9 21 23.0 10 13.2
1977 108 11.0 25 17.5 39 14.1
1978 117 11.0 18 21.7 15 18.1
1979 106 12.9 29 21.2 23 11.4
1980 91 13.1 24 22.6 22 18.2
1981 89 12.7 26 22.3 18 12.0
1982 87 14.7 26 19.4 3 13.9
1983 84 13.7 42 19.0 24 15.8
1984 105 14.7 35 21.7 15 12.5
1954-198.3 78+0.3 12.8 24+0.3 21.0 9+0.3 13.8
1958-1968 80+_0.5 14.0 20+0.5 20.6 10+0.5 14.3 .
1972-1981 93_+0.5 11.6 23+0.5 21.3 13_+0.5 14.2
SH4.4-8
55
sidereal one by means of mirrow reflection of anti-sidereal
variation relative to the 21 hr direction (as in [4] ) the
galactic sidereal variation within the errors is not £ound.
Anti-sidereal variation on amplitude and phase does not
change. This feature can be interpreted by the influence of
the second harmonic in the cosmic ray distribution.
The sidereal variation suffers significant changes
either on amplitude or on phase. Substracting anti-sidereal
variation from sidereal one by the above method we obtain
the galactic sidereal variation for 1958-1968 with an ampli-
tude 0.018+0.002% and a phase 11.0+0.4 hr and for 1972-1981
- 0.015+0._02% and 22.0!0.4 hr. ThE vectors are equal on the
value b_t their phases are almost opposite. It indicates the
significant influence of sign change of the solar magnetic
field upon galactic sidereal variation.
In conclusion it should be noted that on data of the
ionization chamber in Yakutsk it was found: I) the existence
of false sidereal variation with an amplitude 0.020+0.002%
and a phase 21.0+0.4 hr from contribution of the second
spherical harmonic. 2) at periods of various polarities of
the solar magnetic field the similar on the amplitude
(0.005%) sidereal variation but with opposite phase was
observed to exist.
Refer en_
I. Kuzmin, A.I. i dr.,(1971) Geoma_netizm _ aeronomi_a,
I_!I,523.
2. Fujimoto, K. et al.,(1984) Report of Cosmic Ra
_esearqh Laboratqr2, No_9, Nagoya,-'J_pan, 18_.a
3. Krivoshapkin P'A.,(1970_ Geoma_netizm A a_m@nQmi2a,
6, 761.
4. _iliot, H., et al.,(1970) Proc.1]-th ICRC, Budapest,
Acta Phys.Hung., 29, Suppl.-_--,4_'_"-.


Sidereal anisotropy of cosmic rays

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