The physical properties of rocks, in the crystalline mass of the Voronezh anteclise, were studied. The study of the physical properties of rocks is important for the improvement of geophysical methods for mapping crystalline rocks in the foundation and exploration of different geological objects which are associated with the crystalline foundation, covered by the sedimentary mantle. It is found that: (1) rocks in the crystalline foundation are very different in physical properties; (2) the physical properties are closely related to their substance composition and genesis; (3) petrographic properties give clues of rock afficiation to certain complexes; and (4) physical and magnetic properties should be examined by petrography, chemical and X-ray analysis

Afanasyev, N. S.

Dmitriyevskiy, V. S.

Frolov, S. M.

English

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https://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=19850011241 2020-03-20T20:16:15+00:00Z
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	 70-
NASA TECH'..I CAL MEMORANDUM	 NASA 'I7%1-7782'
(blASI-T11-77823)	 STUDY CF IHE FhYSICAL	 h85-19551
PROPERTIES OF Cfi1Z.b1LIb2 ICCES I$ Td"v
SOUTHEAST VObCNiZB AWITCLISk (National
Aeronautics and SEace Adeicistiation) 	 12 l'	 Unclas
HC A02/MF 101	 CSCL 08G G3/46 14179
STUDY OF THE PHYSICAL. PROPERTIES OF 'RYST-
ALLINE ROCKS IN THE SOUTHEAST VORONI:ZLI
ANTECLISE
V.S. Dmitriyevskiy, N.S. Afanas'yev and
S.`L. Frolov
Translation of "Materialy k izuchenivu
fizicheskikh svoystv kristallicheskikh
porod vuoo-vostoka voronezhskov anteklizy",
Ceologicheskiv sbornik, V01. 66, Edited by N.A. Plaksenko,
Voronezh University Publishing House, 1968,
pages 247-253,
'•
NA T TONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE AD'?INISTRATTON
WASHINGTON D.C. 20546	 FEBRUAP.Y 1985
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	 February,
	
1985
STUDY OF THE PHYSICAL PROPERTIFS OF CRYSTALLINE
^ •. I«hOM1048 Orpwll.N.. CodeROCKS IN THE SOUTHEAST VORON1 !- ZH ANTECLISF.
Y.
	 Aw-ke G) I. I.. fw-omw9 0.90wee"60 R..... M..
V.S.	 Pmitriyevskiy,	 N.S.	 Afanas'yev and S."1.
It. toA 0661 no..Frolov
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SCITRAN
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17. T"e.1 Rwhw @ad Iwlwd G.+W
Translation
12. sr.w• .ng A .wf N.i.w .w4 Address
NRtiona1
 MrOOaYt ica and Space Mliinistration
Vasninston, D.C.	 45" 14. Spo"W" A"o t Csft
IL Sentomeovy nos"
Translation of "`taterialy k izuchenivu fizicheskikh svoystv kristallicheskik
pordo yugo-vostoka voronezhskoy anteklizy", Geologicheskiy sbornik,	 Vol.	 66,
edited by N.A. Plaksenko, Voronezh University Riblishing House, 1968,
Pages 247-153.
la. A►.w^'
Characteristics
	 of	 physical	 properties
	
of
rocks
	
in	 the
	 crystalline
	
mass	 of	 the
	
Voronezh
anteclise
	 are
	
studied.	 It	 is	 found	 that	 the
physical	 properties	 of	 the
	
rocks
	 are
	
closely
related	 to	 their	 composition	 and	 origin.
Petrographic	 properties
	
of	 the
	
rocks
	
help	 to
solve
	
the
	
problem	 of	 identifying	 the
	
rocks
with	 a	 certain	 complex.
IT. Kew Ih.1. is I I
	 ti A.w"r N. OI.wA.Nss Sooma e
Unclassified and Unlimited
i
It. lwwwti CI66661. (of M. wp.re IL wAwlti C/w.M/. fd 1Y• A"1 »!. 11w d P-00 iIL Iwiw
Unclassified Unclassified i 2
'4j- -V'-j0
	 if
____7
STUDY OF THE PHYS'CAL PROPERTIES OF CRYSTALLINE ROCKS IN THE SOUTH-
EAST VORONEZH ANTECLISE
By V. S. Dmitriyevskiy, N. S. Afanas'yev and S. M. Frolov 	 /247*
Study of the physical properties of rocks is very important for
improving geological efficiency of geophysical methods for mapping
crystalline rocks in the foundation and exploring different geolog-
ical objects associated with the crystalline foundation, covered by
the sedimentary mantle. 	 In addition, studying the physical proper-
ties of rocks allows us to solve many questions involving genesis,
interrelationship, metamorphism, and so forth.
Complicated rock complexes differing in age, genesis, degree of
metamorphism, substance composition and physical properties have been
established by now by drilling and geophysical work in the southeast
Voronezh anteclise territory.	 Deeply metamorphized rocks of the
gneiss type, amphibolites and their migmatites (gneiss complex), and
comparatively weakly metamorphized sandy, aleurite and phyllite-lik^
shales (shale complex) have been found here. 	 However, granitoid
rocks, predominantly of palingenic and metasomatic genesis are wide-
spread.	 Bodies of basic and ultrabasic rocks extended in a chain
mainly along the Losevsko-Mamonskiy zone of tectonic dislocations
occupy a considerable place in the crystalline foundation structure.
Finally, sheet deposits of paleobasalts are intersected in the sedi-
mentary deposits of the Devonian in a number of places by wells.
Brief characteristics of the physical properties of rocks in
the crystalline mass of the fou.,dation (and partially the mantle)
of the Voronezh anteclise are presented in the summary table, which
gives the value of their density (g/cm'), magnetic susceptibility
(10 -6 CGSM), residual magnetization caused by polarization and the
rate of spread of ultrasound in then (in/sec). 	 Measurcuients of all
physical properties were made according to the existing techniques.
*Numbers in margin indicate pagination in original foreign text.
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The table includes data that refer to fresh (nonweathered) rocks
(see table).
The characterized types of rocks have considerable fluctuations
and different ratio in the txamined properties.
The density of crystalline formations of the Precambrian and
paleobasPlts of the Devonian have a very broad range of average values,
from 3.43 g/cm' for ferruginous quartzites to 2.60 g/cm' for pigme-
tites.
In the group of basic and ultrabasic rocks, the hornblendites
of the Sergeyevskiy complex have the highest density properties: 	 /250
in the region of Belgor'ye 3.30 g/cm', and somewhat less, 3.17 g/cm'
in the region of Sergeyevka and Kodintsovka, 30.05 g/cm'.	 The aver-
age density of the pyroxenites is 3.09 g/c,', and the peridotites
2.90 g/cm'.
In the shale group, the densities rre 2.64 - 2.77 g/cm'. 	 Of
them the bioti'es of keratinized analogs have high values, and seri-
cites have low, which is also linked to their mineralogical features
and the degree of metamorphisn.
Magnetic suszeptibil.ity of the studied rocks fluctuates in very
broad limits, not only from group to group, even within one variety
of a definite. type of rock.	 These fluctuations are primarily deter-
mined by the presence or absence of ferromagnetic minerals, the ratios
of the latter, conditions of their isolation, secondary changes and
other factors.	 The highest magnetic susceptibility is in ferruginous
quartzites of the Kodintsovka	 section (average value 92,000 x 10-6
CGSM) with magnetite content up to 40%; it is somewhat lower (from
18,150 to 33,000) in the orthoamphibolites of the Sergeyevka	 and
Belogor'ye	 sections which have up to 207 magnetite.
Severe fluctuations in magnetic susceptibility are noted in
5
•".,•- . jr
	 ?.I
M
4'
all types of gabbroids from the first units to 10,000 - 12,000. 	 In
this case the low values are generally found iii the differences,
almost devoid of ore mineral or containing it in single grains. 	 The
gabbro-pyroxinites have very low magnetic susceptibility, 30 x 10-6
(average) and the melanocrat pyroxene-hornblende gabbros of the
Razdorenskiy massif have the maximum reaching 8,000 units. 	 It has
been established that even within one massif one can encounter both
magnetite and nonmagnetite differences of gabbroids, which creates
definite difficulties for mapping them by magnetic exploration.
In the granitoid rocks, the magnetic properties are also exposed
to sharp fluctuations (from zero to 7500). Their minimum values are
in pegmatites, zero - 7 units, higher in fine-grained anO leucocratic
differences (average 560) and maximum (2250) in porphyraceous grano-
syenites in the central band of the region.
	 In this case, both as
in the gabbro, the magnetic susceptibility of the granitoid rocks
	 /252
on the whole is determined by the content of ore mineral (primarily
magnetite), whose quantity sometimes rises to 57.
Granites of the Kodintsovka	 , and in the overwhelming majority
of the Sergeyevka
	 sections, by the way, which almost do not contain
ore mineral, are essentially nonmagnetic.
	 High values of magnetic
susceptibility of granitoids in the central band of the region (Pav-
lovsk, Basovka, Shkurlat) are apparently due to the fact that these
granitoids develop through the rocks with considerable content of
dark-colored components in the composition.
	 Recently amphibolites,
gabbro-amphibolites and others which differ in shape and 'body size
have been established in this region.
	 Granitization of these rocks
is accompanied by release of magnetite and other ore minerals.
Amphibolites, gneisses, and migmatites, like the granitoids,
have variable magnetization.
	 Its maximum value is found in migma-
tites, 1650 x 10 -6 , as well as those confined to the central band of
the region.	 It has been established that at a definite stage of
migmatization of gneisses, especially amphibolites, magnetic
6
0
7susceptibility rea,hes a certain maximum. 	 The magnetic properties
decline with further development of the process.	 The gneisses and
migmatites, in the same way as the granites on the secticns of Serge-
yevka and Kodintsovka are essentially nonmagnetic or sligi,*ly mag-
netic.	 Considerable magnetization is only found during migmatization
of the hornblendites (wells 185, 186).
Rocks in the shale complex are usually nonmagnetic (up to the
first dozen units).
	 However several shale samples on the Kodintsovka
section associated with ferruginous quartzites that have magnetic
susceptibility to 13,700 x 10 -6
 have been noted.
Paleobasalts containing 5 - 77 ore mineral (titanium-magnetite)
have stable magnetic susceptibility, 2100 x 10 -6
 (average).
Magnetic susceptibility of peridotites and pyroxinites fluctu-
ates from 350 to 3000 units, serpentinites 1300 - 5250 units, and
apopyroxinite amphibolites 600 units. 	 Fluctuations in magn-2tic sus-
ceptibility in rocks of the pyroxinite-peridotite-serpentinite
complex are due to a series of factors, of which the primary are:
composition of primary ore mineraliza`_i-n, degree of substitution of
sulfide mineralization by allometamorphic, and partially autometamor-
phic magnetite, the degree of auto- and allometasoma^f.c reprocessing
of the primary rocks, an6 *he appearance of veined mineralization.
Residual magnetization (I r ) and the Q factor (ratio Jr/Ii) of
crystalline formations of the southeast Voronezh anteclise have the
most diverse values for individual rock groups.
	 Their maximum quan-
tities are noted in the gabbro-norites and the olivine-pyroxene
gabbrus:	 6500 x 10 -6 , residual magnetization, from 5 to 40, Q factor.
High parameters of I r
 and Q indicate thermal magnetization of the
rocks at high temperatures (above the Curie point of magnetite) [2,
3, 4, 51.	 Residual magnetization and the Q factor of pyroxene-horn-
blende gabbros are 2350 x 10 -6
 and 0.5 - 0.8.	 In all probability,
isolation of the ore mineral (magnetite) here occurred during
I=
Wi\
substitution of pyroxene by the hornblende at temperatures below the
Curie point.	 !,ow values of residual magnetization and the Q factor
are noted for hornblendites, 2500 x 10 -6
 and 0.2 - 0.5, and very low
for amphibolites, gneisses, migmatites and granites, which also ;ndi-
cates relatively low temperatures for the formation of ferromagnetics
of these rocks.
	
Among the ultrabasites of the Mamonskiy complex, maximum resid-
	 /253
ual magnetization (in absolute value) is found in the peridotites
and apoperidotite serpentinites, 4100 and 4500 x 10
-6 .	 With ratio
J r /I i
 equal to 1 - 3, the Q factor of pyroxinites reaches 5 with
relatively low magnetic properties (350 magnetic susceptibility and
650 residual magnetization). 	 With noticeable manifestation of hydro-
thermal repro,.essing of the serpentinites (carbonatization, chloriti-
zation, talc formation, substitution of sulfides by allometamorphic
magnetite) and with considerable rise in magnetic susceptibility, the
Q factor drops to 0.2 - 0.8 !he-e the ma^netitt ,
 is clearly low-temper-
sture).	 The induced polarization was measured on a small number of
samples mainly for peridotites and serpentinites.
	 Its increased values
are noted in zones with noticeable sulfidt impregnation.
	 The iL ture
of the bond, polarizability and content of different ore minerals
(including magnet) in the rock are not yet clear.
	 Work in this area
has been started and is underway.
Rate of ultrasound spread in its absolute values is character-
ized by comparatively close quantities (averaging 5200 - 5700 m/sec)
for the majority of rocks in the region, excluding gabbros, pyrox-
inites, where these quantities reach the maximum (6750 m/sec), as
well as serpentinites and palobaz^alts, where they are the minimum
and are 4350 - 4550 m/sec for the first and 4950 m/sec (average) for
the second.	 Reduced rate of ultrasound spread in the serpentinites
is due to their composition, and primarily the crystalline structure
of the serpentine.
	 Differences in serpentinites and the original
rocks in ratio of ultrasound spread rate can be used in seismic explor-
ation.
8
Ay '^-s .
_0_4
Analysis of the material presented above allows us to 2raw the
following -onclusions:
1. Rocks in the crystalline foundation are sharply differ , nti-
ated in the ratio of parameters of physical properties (eensity, mag-
netic susceptibility, residual magnetization induced by polarization,
and rate of ultrasound spread).
2. The physical properties of the rocks are closely related to
their substance composition and genesis.
3. The petrographic properties of the rocks often make it pos-
sible to unequivocally solve the question of affiliLtion of the rock
to a certain complex.
4. Study of the physical properties, including study of mag-
netic properties in strong fields needs to be done only in close
relationship to the petrographic, chemical, x-ray and other methods
of study.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. Afana.='yev, N. S.; and Pavlovskiy, V. I. "Physical Properties of
Basic and UltrabaFic Rocks in the Crystalline Foundation of the 	 -
Southeast Part of the Voronezh Anteclise," Trudy tret'yego sovesh-
chaniya po problemam izucheniya Voronezhskoy anteklizy ["Proceed-
ings of the Third Conference on Problems of Studying the Voronezh
Anteclise"], Voronezh, 1966.
2. Bezuglaya, L. S.; Martyrova, T. A.; Petrova, G. N.; Rybak, R. S.
"Clarification of the Origin of Magnetization of Rocks by the
Method of Comparing Stability Characteristics in the Example of
Ferruginous Quartzites of the Kursk Magnetic Anomaly," Izv. AN
SSSR, Serya geofizi,:heskaya, 1962, No 4.
3. Krutikhovskaya, Z. A.; Zavoyskaya, V. N. et al. Namagnichenost'
Porod z hele z or udnykh fo_rmatsiy Bol'shogo Krivogo Roga i KMA
["Magnetization of Rocks in the Iron Ore Formations of the Bol'shiy
Krivoy Rog and the Kursk Magnetic Anomaly"], Kiev, 1964.
9
•	 .fir jrL• o
44. Mikhaylova, N. P. 0 m_agnitn y stabil'nosti nektoroykh izverz_hennYkh
porod Ukrainskojp krist_allicheskogo shchita. Magnetizm gornykh
porod i paleoragnetizm ["Mignetic Stability of Certain Igneous
Rocks of the Ukrainian Cry,italline Shield. 	 Magnetism of Rocks
and Paleomagnetism"], Krasnoyar°k, 1963.
Petrova, G. N. "Different Laboratory Methods of Determining Ceo-
megnetic Stability of Rocks," Izv. AN SSSR, _§:•riya geofizicheskaya1
1961, No 1:.
10
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Study of the physical properties of crystalline rocks in the southeast Voronezh anteclise

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