Eighty-two gamma ray bursts were detected between 1978 September 14 and 1980 February 13 by the experiments of the interplanetary network (Prognoz 7, Venera 11 and 12 SIGNE experiments, Pioneer Venus Orbiter, International Sun-Earth Explorer 3, Helios 2, and Vela). Sixty-five of these events have been localized to annuli or error boxes by the method of arrival time analysis. The distribution of sources is consistent with isotropy, and there is no statistically convincing evidence for the detection of more than one burst from any source position. The localizations are compared with those of two previous catalogs

Atteia, J. L.

Barat, C.

Cline, T. L.

Evans, W. D.

Fenimore, E. E.

Hurley, K.

Klebesadel, R. W.

Laros, J. G.

Niel, M.

Vedrenne, G.

English

NASA Technical Reports Server

33
OG 1.2-1
A SECOtiD CATALOG OF GAtiHA RAY BURSTS:
1978-1960 LOCALIZATIOti3 FRO8 THE ItiTERPLAtiETARY tiETWORK
J.-L. Atteia, C. Barat, K. Hurley, 8. tiiel, G. Vedrenno
C.E.S.R., B.P. 434Gj 31029 Toulouse Cedex, France
W.D. Evans, B.B, Fenimore, R.W. Klebesadel, J.G. Lares
Los Alamos tiational Laboratory, Los Alanos, tin
T. Cline, U. Desai, B. Teegarden
Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD
I. Estulin', V. Zenchenko, k. Kuznetsov, and V. Kurt
Institute for Space Research, Hoscow, U.S.S.R.
*Deceased
ABSTRACT
82 gamma ray bursts were detected between 1978 September 14 and 1980
February 13 by the experiments of the interplanetary network (Prognoz 7,
Vanera 11 and 12 SlOtiB experments, Pioneer Venus Orbiter, International
Sun-Berth Explorer 3, Helios 2, and Vale). 65 o£ these events have been
localized to annuli or error boxes by the the method of arrival time
analysis. The distribution oE sources is consistent with isotropy, and
there is no statistically convincing evidence for the detection oE more
than one burst from any source position. The localizations are compared
with those of two previous catalogs.
" Introducti.on. In a previous catalog (Klebesadel etal., 1982),
calization and earth crossing time data were presented for 111 gasms
ray bursts which occurred between 1967 July and 1979 June. In it,
information on events occurring between 1978 September 14 and 1979 June
13 was obtained from the data base of the interplanetary network. A
final analysis of the localization, time history, and earth crossing
time data from this network has now been completed (Atteia et el.,
1985), and a brief summary of the localizations will be given here.
Since the data of the KOtiUS experiments (Sazets etal., 1981) cover the
sane tins period, comparison& will be made with both the KOtiUS catalog
and that of Klebesadel et ai. 41982).
_. Characteri_tiC._ oE the Network. The network comprises over 30
Jieparate detesters, wiEh different sensitivities and geometries. As a
whole, however, the response oE the network was._sotropi R, and the
weakest burst detected had a fluence of 3 x 10- / erg/cm _. One of
the criteria for acceptance in this catalog was that an event be
" detected by instruments on at least two different spacecraft.
ConEirmation of candidate events was therefore sought not only in the
data base of the interplanetary network, but also in those of the HEAO
A-1 and C-1 experiments, and in the published data Erom the KOtiUS
experiments. Wherever practical and feasible, these data were used to
complete or refine the localizations, as explained in detail in Atteia
etal. (1985).
3. Cosparison of Three Cataloqm. Table 1 compares the numbers o£
events and localizations in the catalogs oE Klebesadel et ah (1982) and
Maze_a etal. (1981) with those oE this catalog. ZE _he 3_
error box sizes are considered, it is evident that the present catalog
represents an improvement of a factor of 5-10. A more qualitative
impression may be obtained by considering Figures 1, 2, and 3, which
display the localizations of the three catalogs in galactic coordinates.
4. Spatial _)l_trt.bution. A subset of 47 bursts localized in this
_atalog has been used to study the spatial distribution of bursters in
_alactic coordinates. The select, ion criteria for these events is
iecussed in Atteia et ah (1985). This study is limited, for
statistical reasons, to a consideration o£ possible north-south
asymmetries. Such an asymsetry is present in the data oE the KOtiUS
catalog, which detected 40 events in the south galactic hemisphere, and
20 in the north. The possible causes have been discussed in Lares et
al. (1982 and 1983) and in teazels and Golenetskii (1982). In the
present catalog, 24 events have been found to lie in the north galactic
'" 
3  
OG 1.2-1 
A SECOND CATALOG OF GAM"A RAY BURSTS: 
1978-1980 LOCALIZATIONS FROM THB INTERPLANETARY NETWORK 
J.-L. Atteia, C. Barat, K. Hurley, M. Niel, G. Vedrenne 
C.E.S.R., B.P. 4346, 31029 Toulouae Cedex, France 
.O. Evana, E.E. FeniMore, R.W. Klebeaadel, J.G. Laroa 
Loa Alaaos National Laboratory, Loa AlaMos, NM 
T. Cline, U. Deaai, B. Teegarden 
Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, ftD 
I. Eatulin-, V. Zenchenko, A. Kuznet.sov, and V. Kurt 
Institute for Space Research, ftoacow, U.S.S.R. 
*Deceaaed 
ABSTRACT 
82 gaaaa ray bursta were detected between 1978 Septeaber 14 and 1980 
February 13 by t.he experiaenta of the interplanet.ary net.work (Prognoz 7, 
Venera 11 and 12 SIGNB exper.ent.a, Pioneer Venua Orbiter, International 
Sun-Earth Explorer 3, Helioa 2, and Vela). 65 of theae event a have been 
localized to annuli or error boxea by the the .ethod of arrival ti.e 
analysis. The distribution of source. ia consistent with iaotropy, and 
there is no statisticallY convincing evidence for the detection of aore 
than one bur at froa any source poaition. The localizationa are coapared 
with those of two previous catalogs. 
1. Introduction. In a previoua cat.alog (Klebesadel et al., 1982), 
IocalIza€1on and earth crosaing tille data were preaented for III ga.aa 
ray bur.ts which occurred between 1967 July and 1979 June. In it., 
infor.ation on events occurring between 1918 Septe.ber 14 and 1919 June 
13 waa obt.ained froa the dat.a base of the int.erplanet.ary network. A 
final analyaia of the localization, ti.e hiatory, and earth croaaing 
tiae data froa this network has now been coapleted (Atteia et al., 
1985), and a brief sua.ary of the localizat.ions will be given here. 
Since the data of the KONUS experiaents (Mazets et al., 1981) cover the 
aaae Uae period, coaparisona will be aade with both the KONUS catalog 
and that of Klebeaadel et ala (1982). . 
The network co.prises over 30 
separa e e ec ora, w eren aenaitivities and geo.etries. Aa a 
whole, however, the reaponse of the net.work was jaotropic:;, and the 
weakeat burst. detect.ed had a fluence of 3 x 10-7 erg/caZ• One of 
the criteria for acceptance in this catalog was that an event be 
detected by instruaents on at least two different apacecraft. 
Confirllation of candidate events was therefore sought not only in the 
data base of the interplanetary network, but also in those of the HBAO 
A-I and C-l experillents, and in the published data froll the KONUS 
experillenta. Wherever practical and feaaible, theae data were uaed to 
cOllplete or refine the localization a, aa explained in detail in Atteia 
et ala (1985). 
3, COllpariaon of Three Cataloga. Table 1 cOllparea the nuabera of 
events and localizations in the catalogs of Klebesadel et a1. '(} 982) and 
"ozets at 121. (1981> with those oE this catalog. IE the Jq 
error box sizea are conaidered, it ia evident that the present catalog 
represent a an iaproveaent of a factor of 5-10. A aore qualitative 
illPression aay be obtained by conaidering Figures 1, 2, and 3, which 
diaplay the localizations of the three catalogs in galactic coordinates. 
4. S~atl.al Diatribution. A aubaet of 47 bursts localized in tMa 
caEe og haa heen used to study the apatial distribution of bursters in 
galactic coordinates. The selection criteria for these events is 
discuased in Atteia et 121. (1985). This atudy is li.ited, for 
statistical reasons, to a conaideration of poaaible north-south 
aSYlllletries. Such an aaYlllletry is present in the data of the KONUS 
catalog, which detected 40 events in the south galactic helliaphere, and 
20 in the north. The poasible causea have been discusaed in Laros et 
01. <1982 and 1983) and in Hazeta and Golenetskit (1982). In the 
present catalog, 24 events have been found to lie in the north galactic 
https://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=19850025599 2020-03-20T17:55:32+00:00Z
34
OG 1.2-1
hemisphere, and 23 in the south. Thus the data are consistent with the
hypothesis that bursters are distributed Isotropically and that the
network had an isotropic response. On the other hand, the KONUS data
are inconsistent with the hypothesis that bursters are distributed
isotropicallv and that the KONUS experiment has an isotropic response
(probability <0.01). It is, however, possible to choose a slightly
anisotropic distribution (42_ o£ the bursters in the north hemisphere,
58_ in the south) which agrees with both data sets with probability
>0.i.
Although a large number o£ overlapping error regions may be £ound
in this catalog, the number is roughly in agreement with that which
would be predicted on the basis o£ purely random coincidences. Thus it
seems quite likely that no cases were detected in which more than one
burst was emitted £rom a single source. This is discussed £urther in
paper 061.2-5, and in Atteia et el. (1985).
Figure 4 displays the distribution o£ 86 gamma ray bursts. 84 o£
them have been taken £rom the 3 catalogs cited above, and two £rom Katoh
etal. (1984) and Hueter (1984). Figure 5 shows the latitude
distribution o£ these localizations, as well as that expected i£ the
distribution is isotropic. Caution should be exercised in interpreting
these two £igures, as no attempt has been made to correct them £or
possible selection e££ects (e.g. Laros et el., 1982 and 1983: Mezets and
Golenetskii, 1982).
TABLE I. COMPARISONS OF 3 GAMMA RAY BURST CATALOGS
Klebesadel Mazets et This
etal. 1982 el. 1981 Catalog
Total No.
o£ Events 111 143 81
Total No.
o£ Localizatlons 62 80 65
Sky Covered by
Localizations 78(3_) 46(i_) 9(3_)
Averag_ No. o£
ArcminL/Localization 1.2xi06 8.5xi05 2.1xi05
No. of Events in
Common with
Klebesadel et el. .... 33 38
No. of Events in
Common with
This Catalog .... 68 ....
No. of Events Which All 3 Catalogs Have in Common: 33
5. Acknowledgements. This work was supported on the French side by
C_S--Co'n-E_-a-c_---2q2, 79-212, and 80-212: at LANL, the e£Eort was
carried out under NASA Contracts A-47981B (PVO), NAS 5-22307 (ISEE-3),
and under the auspices o£ the United States Department o£ Energy.
6. Re£erences.
Atteia, J.-L. et el. (1985), Ap. J. Supp. (submitted)
Hueter, G. (1984), in AIP Con£erence Proceedings No. 115, High Energy
Transients in Astrophysics, S. Woosley, Editor, AIP Press, New York, p.
373
Katoh, M. et el. (1984), in AIP Con£erence Proceedings No. 115, High
Energy Transients in Astrophysics, S. Woosley, Editor, AIP Press, New
York, p. 390
Kiebesadel, R. et el. (1982), Ap. J. Lett., 259, LSI
Laros, J. et el. (1982), Astrophys. Space Sci., 88, 243
Laros, J. et el. (1983), Astrophys. Space Sci., 96, 213
Mazets, E. et el. (1981), Astrophys. Space Sci., 80, 3
Mazets, E. and Gotenetskii, S. (1982), Astrophys. Space Sci., 88, 247
4 
 2 1 
isphere,   i   t . hus  t   nsistent it   
pothesis t t ursters r  i tri t d is tr i ll   t t t  
t ork   s i  onse.   t er d,  US t  
 onsistent it   pothesis t rsters  i t ted 
is tr i ally a  t t t  US e eri ent s a  is tr ic r s onse 
abili  . >    ever, ssi le  ose  t  
is tropic i t  42% f  rsters   rt  isphere, 
% i  t  uth) hic  rees it  t  t  ts it  r bability 
0.1. 
lt ugh   ber f erl ping r i ns ay  f d 
  t l g,  ber s hly  r illent it  t hich 
ould e redicted on t  sis f rel  randolll c i cidences. hus it 
s it  lik l  at  ses ere tected i  hich ore  e 
rst as itt d fro   l  urce. his  i ssed f rt er  
er OG1.2-5,   teia t a  ). 
i re  i l s  i t  f  ll a  ursts.  f 
th  ave en t  fro  t   t l gs it  ve,  t  fro  at h 
t al. 1   ueter ). i re  s  tu  
i t i ti n f t se l li ti s,  ell  t pected if  
i t i ti n i  i t ic. auti n uld  ercised i  i t r reting 
se o f r s,   t lllpt as en ade  rrect  f r 
ossible s l ti n ff cts (e.g. aros t al., 1982 a  3: thlzets a d 
olenetskii, 82). . 
BLE 1  PARISONS   MA  RST TALOGS 
lebesadel azets t his 
t al.  al. 1 atal g 
otal o. 
f vents III   
otal o. 
f ocalizations    
% ky overed  
ocalizations (3\\") <1\\")  1f  
rag~ o. f 
rc in ILocalization . l 6 . IOS lOS 
o. f vents i  
o mon it  
lebesadel t al    
o. f vents  
o mon it  
his atalog  
o. f vents hich l   atalogs ave  o. on: 3 
. C nowled~em~~ts. his ork as pported n  rench de  
CNES-CO-ilErac s "=212, 79-212, and 80-212: at L NL, the effort as 
carried ut der S  ontracts -47981B (P >, S 5-22307 (l -3), 
a d nder t e uspices f t  nited tates epartment f nergy. 
. eferences. 
tteia, ':-- . t a1. ( 5), p. . u p. (s itted) 
ueter, . (1984), in lP onference roceedings o. 115, igh nergy 
ronsients in strophysics, S. oosley, ditor, lP ress, e  ork, p. 
 
atoh, . t al. (1984), in lP onference t'oceedings o. 115, igh 
nergy ransients i  strophysics, . osley, ditor, l  re s, e  
ork, . 0 
lebesadel, . t al. ( 82), p. . ett., 9, SI 
aros, J. t al. ( 82), strophys. pace ci., , 3 
aros, . t al. ( 83), strophys. pace ci., , 3 
l1azets, . t al. < >, strophys. pace ci., 0,  
Hazets, E. and Golenetskii, S. (1982), Astrophys., Space Sci., 88, 247 
3 5 OG 1.2-i
Fig. I. The 62 localizations o£ Klebesadel et al. (1982) in galactic
coordinates. 78_. o£ the sky is covered by these 3¢ regions.
Fig. 2. The 80 localizations o£ Mazets et al. (1981) in galactic
coordinates. 46X o£ the sky is covered by these I_ regions.
 OG 1.2-1 
ig.!. The 62 localizations of lebesadel et a1. (1982) in galactic 
oordinates. 78% f t  s y is vered  t ese 3~ r ions. 
Fig. 2. The 80 localizations of azets et al. (1981) in galactic 
coordinates. 46% of the sky is covered by these lcr regions. 
S6
OG 1.2-I
Fig. 3. The 65 localizations o[ Atteia et al. (1985) in galactic
coordinates. 9_ o£ the sky is covered by these 3_ regions.
NGP
SGP
Fig. 4. The distribution o£ 86 bursters, taken £rom the re£erences
given in the text. l I _ I I i I I I i I _ I I I ) I
- l-'l _ OBSERVED
- -- EXPECTEDFig. 5. The
distribution o£ the
number o£ bursters _0-
as a £unction o£
galactic latitude,
in i0 o bins, uJ
based on the 86 en
events in Fig. 4. _- J _ _ -n
The dashed line is
the distribution
expected on the Z 5-
basis o£ isotropy. _ -J ----._iL-_I
L_J'--I
I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I
-90 -70-50-30-I0 10 30 50 70 90
GALACTICLATITUDE
3  
O  1. -1 
i . . e  l alizations f tteia t l. ( 85) in lactic 
coordinates. 9% of the sky is covered by these 3~ regions. 
P 
P 
i .  . he is t Li bu ti on r=--T-:;=T-':..:r=--=r--=r=r~~:..:.:.:.,--=-;r=-r-=r=-r=T'-.:r--,--, i en i  e xt. 
ig. . he 
istribution f t e 10 
umber f ursters 
s  f nction f 
alactic l tit de, a::: 
i  10 0 ins, L&J 
ased on e 6 CO 
events in Fig. 4. l: 
he ashed li   
t e istribution =>z 5 
xpected n t e 
basis of isotropy.· 
1"""-
I 
,--
- OBSERVED -
--- EXPECTED 
O~~~~~~~~-L~~~-L~ 
-90 -70 -50 -30 -10 10 30 50 70 90 
IC ITUDE 


A second catalog of gamma ray bursts:  1978 - 1980 localizations from the interplanetary network

A second catalog of gamma ray bursts: 1978 - 1980 localizations from the interplanetary network

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