A description is given of a method to heat air coming from a turbojet compressor to a temperature necessary to produce required expansion without requiring fuel. This is done by high frequency heating, which heats the walls corresponding to the combustion chamber in existing jets, by mounting high frequency coils in them. The current transformer and high frequency generator to be used are discussed

Miron, J. H. D.

English

NASA Technical Reports Server

NASA TECHNICAL MEMORANDUM NASA TM-77710
{NASA-TM-77710) HIGH F R E Q U E N C Y - H E A T E D AIB
TURBOJET {National aeronautics and Space
Administration) 12 p HC A02/MF A01 CSCL 21E
N86-21543
Unclas
G3/07 05721
HIGH FREQUENCY-HEATED AIR TURBOJET
Juan Heliodoro Diaz Miron
Translation of "Turbo Reactor de Aire Calentado For Alta Frecuencia",
Spanish Patent Application no. 293,727, November 21, 1983, Zamora,
Spain, pages 1-10.
NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION
WASHINGTON D.C. 20546 FEBRUARY 1986
https://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=19860012072 2020-03-20T15:00:12+00:00Z
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OF POOR QUALITY
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HIGH FREQUENCY-HEATED AIR TURBOJET
3. *•»••• 0«i«
FEBRUARY 1986
JUAN HELIODORO DIAZ MIRON 10. W.,V Ur.ll H..
f. Performing 0'|OTJt«li»fl Nomt «|J A4Jr«l
SCITRAN
Box 5A56
Santa Barhara, PA O T T O f l
II. Ccnixcl •< Ci««l N«.
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Translation
2. end A«Wr«t(
Aeronautic* and Spat* Ad»ini«tr«tlon
Waaningtoa, D.C. /0546 14.
Translation of "Turbo Reactor de Aire Calentado por
Alta Frecuencia11, Spanish Patent Application
No. 293,727, November 21, 1983, Zamora, Spain,
pages 1 - 10.
14k A.«»r»<t
A description is given of a method to heat air
coming from a turbojet compressor to a temperature
necessary to produce required expansion without
requiring fuel. This is done by high frequency
heating, which heats the walls corresponding to
the combustion chamber in existing jets, by
mounting high frequency coils in them. The current
transformer and high frequency generator to be
used are discussed.
17. It.
Unclassified and Unlimited
)*. S«<vr«»r CUt.ll. (•( 0,1.
Uncla«ai£i«4l_
B. Vtcvnrr CI«»Jf. («4
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IV N*x
It
n. PUM
293727
PATENT OF INVENTION
D E S C R I P T I V E A C C O U N T
Conce r n i ng:
"HIGH FREQUENCY-HEATED AIR TURBOJET"
A p p l i c a n t : D o n J u a n H e l i o d o r o D I A Z M I R O N , o f S p a n i s h
n a t i o n a l i t y , d o m i c i l e d in Z A M O R A ( SPAIN )
Ave. TRES CRUCES, 36 - 9o - Iz
I n v e n t o r : T h e a p p l i c a n t .
T h i s d e s c r i p t i v e a c c o u n t i s f o r t h e p u r p o s e s o f e s t a b l i s h i n g
e x c l u s i v e i n d u s t r i a l a n d c o m m e r c i a l u s e i n t h e N a t i o n a l t e r r i t o r y
u n d e r a P a t e n t o f I n v e n t i o n , i n a c c o r d a n c e w i t h e x i s t i n g P a t e n t
L a w , o f t he o b j e c t d e s c r i b e d a b o v e , a h i g h f r equ e n c y - h e a t e d a i r / 2
t u r b o j e t .
E x i s t i n g g a s t u r b i n e s a n d t u r b o j e t s o p e r a t e f r o m t h e
e n o r m o u s e x p a n s i o n e n e r g y p r o d u c e d b y t h e c o m b u s t i o n o f a
p e t r o l e u m d e r i v a t i v e i n a j e t o f a i r . C o n s i d e r a b l e f u e l i s
r e q u i r e d t o p r o d u c e t h e h i g h t e m p e r a t u r e s w h i c h c r e a t e t h e g a s
e x p a n s i o n p r o j e c t e d a t h i g h v e l o c i t y f r o m t h e r e a r o f t h e t u r b o -
j e t , t h u s p r o v i d i n g t h e r e q u i r e d t h r u s t .
A means o f h e a t i n g t h e a i r c o m i n g t h r o u g h t h e c o m p r e s s o r o f
t h e t u r b o j e t t o t h e t e m p e r a t u r e n e c e s s a r y t o p r o d u c e t h e r e q u i r e d
*Numbers in margin indicate foreign pagination.
e x p a n s i o n w i t h o u t r e q u i r i n g f u e l would have the advantage of
e l i m i n a t i n g the weight of on-board fuel and reduce the gas
combustion contrails seen in e x i s t i n g turbojets.
The a p p l i c a n t has d i s c o v e r e d how to a c h i e v e the necessary
temperature increase by high frequency heating. This is done by
h e a t i n g the w a l l s c o r r e s p o n d i n g to the combustion chamber in
ex i s t i n g jets, by mounting high frequency c o i l s therein.
T h e p a r a s i t i c , o r F o u c a u l t c u r r e n t s c r e a t e d b y h i g h
frequency induction produce heat around an el e c t r i c a l conductor,
which is determined by the following equation:
H = C fn I2
w h e r e C i s a c o n s t a n t d e t e r m i n e d b y t h e m a t e r i a l u s e d , I t h e
i n t e n s i t y o f t h e c u r r e n t a p p l i e d a n d f i t s f r e q u e n c y .
T h e r e a r e i n e x i s t e n c e e l e c t r o n i c d e v i c e s w h i c h c a n g e n e r a t e / 3
i n t e n s i t i e s a n d f r e q u e n c i e s o f t h e t y p e n e e d e d f o r t h i s
i n v e n t i o n , m a k i n g i n d u c t i o n h e a t i n g p r a c t i c a b l e a t f r e q u e n c i e s
be tween 6 0 a n d 1 , 0 0 0 , 0 0 0 h e r t z .
T o f a c i l i t a t e t h e m o s t p r e c i s e i n t e r p r e t a t i o n o f t h e o b j e c t
w h i c h i s t o f a l l u n d e r t h i s p r i v i l e g e , a d i a g r a m i s a t t a c h e d t o
c o m p l e m e n t t h i s d e s c r i p t i o n . A p r a c t i c a l f o r m o f a n i n d u s t r i a l
a p p l i c a t i o n i s g i v e n p u r e l y a s a n e x a m p l e ; i t i s i n n o w a y
e x h a u s t i v e , b u t m e r e l y i n f o r m a t i o n a l .
F i g u r e 1 o f t h e d i a g r a m s h o w s a t u r b o j e t u n i t i n
l o n g i t u d i n a l s e c t i o n .
F i g u r e 2 shows a b a s i c schematic of the system a c t i v a t i n g
the high frequency c o i l s .
As shown on Figure 1, the t u r b o j e t 1 is made up of a t u b u l a r
body w i t h a cold air i n t a k e 2 and a hot air exhaust 3. I n s i d e ,
there is a l o n g i t u d i n a l l y o r i e n t e d a x l e 5 mounted on b e a r i n g s 6
and 7. Mounted on it, at the s i d e of the in t a k e 2 is a r o t a r y
air compresser 8 whose air o u t p u t is s u p p l i e d to an a n n u l a r
chamber 9 which has its inner circumference l i n e d w i t h h i g h
frequency c o i l s 11 wound on m e t a l l i c cores. The e x h a u s t from
these chambers s t r i k e s the f i x e d b l a d e s of the gas t u r b i n e 10.
Thus the air entering the intakes 2 is f i r s t compressed in 8 and
then heated in the annular chamber 9 by h i g h frequency induction
o r i g i n a t e d by the c o i l s 11 and then, at h i g h temperature and
therefore greatly increased volume and the consequent increased
v e l o c i t y , it projects against the t u r b i n e 10 to exit the exhaust
3 after passing through the deflector 8 [sic].
The h i g h v e l o c i t y p r o j e c t i o n of air t h r o u g h the exhaust 3
o r i g i n a t e s a t h r u s t or r e a c t i o n s i m i l a r to that of e x i s t i n g
turbojets while the compressor 8 compresses the air as indicated.
As shown in F i g u r e 2 the a x l e 5 is also connected to the
d i r e c t c u r r e n t generator 1 3 w h i c h, t h r o u g h s w i t c h 1 4 , s u p p l i e s
the storage b a t t e r y 15 connected to the D.C.-A.C. conv e r t e r and
high frequency generator 12 which energizes the heating c o i l s 11.
W i t h the n a t u r e of the i n v e n t i o n as well as its p r a c t i c a l
a p p l i c a t i o n s u f f i c i e n t l y described, it remains only to add that
the i n v e n t i o n is s u s c e p t i b l e to m o d i f i c a t i o n s and changes of
m a t e r i a l , f o r m a n d d i s p o s i t i o n , o v e r a l l o r i n i t s c o n s t i t u e n t
p a r t s , w i t h o u t d e t r a c t i n g f r o m i t s b a s i c e s sence .
T h e a p p l i c a n t r e s e r v e s t h e r i g h t t o e x t e n d t h i s a p p l i c a t i o n
t o f o r e i g n c o u n t r i e s , c l a i m i n g t h e s a m e p r i o r i t y a s t h i s
a p p l i c a t i o n t o t h e p r o t e c t i o n o f t h e I n t e r n a t i o n a l C o n v e n t i o n f o r
P a t e n t P r o t e c t i o n .
S i m i l a r l y , t h e a p p l i c a n t r e s e r v e s t h e r i g h t t o a d d t o t h i s
I n v e n t i o n s u c h i m p r o v e m e n t s a s m a y b e d e r i v e d , b y m e a n s o f a p -
p l y i n g f o r a p p l i c a b l e C e r t i f i c a t e s o f A d d i t i o n a s p r o v i d e d f o r b y
the Law.
N O T E
The Patent of I n v e n t i o n which for Spain, is r e q u e s t e d for
twenty years, in accordance w i t h the laws in force, s h o u l d
p r o t e c t the "HIGH FREQUENCY-HEATED AIR TURBOJET" , according to
the essential c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s of the following:
C L A I M S / 5
1 . H i g h f r e q u e n c y - h e a t e d a i r t u r b o j e t , c h a r a c t e r i z e d b y
a d m i s s i o n a n d c o m p r e s s i o n o f c o l d a i r b y a c o m p r e s s o r m o u n t e d o n
t h e t u r b i n e a x l e , a f t e r w h i c h i t i s p r o j e c t e d a t h i g h p r e s s u r e
i n t o a c h a m b e r c o n t a i n i n g h i g h f r e q u e n c y c o i l s e n e r g i z e d b y a
h i g h f r e q u e n c y g e n e r a t o r , e n a b l i n g t h e m t o hea t t h e i n c o m i n g a i r
s u f f i c i e n t l y t o p r o d u c e a l a r g e i n c r e a s e i n i t s v o l u m e ,
p r o j e c t i n g i t a t a h i g h v e l o c i t y i n t o a g a s t u r b i n e m o u n t e d u p o n
the same a x l e a s t he c o m p r e s s o r , t he a x l e b e i n g coup led in t u r n ,
t o a d i r e c t c u r r e n t g e n e r a t o r , c h a r g i n g a s t o r a g e b a t t e r y w h i c h
powers a c o n v e r t e r - h i g h frequency generator assembly d u r i n g
start-up and as a compensator in normal operation, for energizing
the said coils.
2. HIGH FREQUENCY-HEATED AIR TURBOJET.
A s s u b s t a n t i a l l y d e s c r i b e d i n t h i s d e s c r i p t i v e account,
which consists of f i v e sheets, typewritten on only one side, and
d r aw i n g s .
Madrid, November 21, 1963
Don 3UAN HELIODORO DIAZ MI RON
P.P.
FRANCISCO GARCIA CABREREO
CALCULATION OF THE POWER NECESSARY TO HEAT AN AIR FLOW OF I 4 X 7 3
LITERS/HOUR FROM AN AMBIENT TEMPERATURE OF 18°C TO 1 ,000°C.
A s s u m i n g t h a t t h e a i r mass a f t e r c o m b u s t i o n [ s i c ] r e m a i n s a t
t h e a m b i e n t t e m p e r a t u r e ( r e c o g n i z i n g t h a t i t w a r m s u p w i t h
c o m p r e s s i o n , a n d t o l e a r n t h i s t e m p e r a t u r e , o n e m u s t k n o w t h e
c o m p r e s s i o n r a t i o ) , w e c a n s a y w i t h a r e a s o n a b l e d e g r e e o f
a p p r o x i m a t i o n t h a t t h e c a l o r i f i c power r e q u i r e d i s t h a t t o r a i s e
the t e m p e r a t u r e f r o m the 18° C. a m b i e n t l e v e l to 1,000°C.
F o r a n e x a c t c a l c u l a t i o n , w e c o u l d u s e t h e e n e r g y e q u a t i o n
o f s y s t e m s i n p e r m a n e n t f l u x , b u t a s w e d o n ' t h a v e v e r y p r e c i s e
d a t a , w e m i g h t a l s o u s e t h e f o l l o w i n g :
Q =• ?a G do?
n = number of moles
The flow rate in m o l e s / l i t e r would be:
Air contains approximately 20% C>2 and 80% N2
Air flow rate = U X 73 = 0.292 I/sec
3,600
The number of moles contained in one l i t e r of air at 18°C and at
one atmosphere of pressure is:
P V = n R T; n = |-I = 1
 = 4,19 x 10-2mo,les
8,2 x 10-2
 x 291
Flow rate of O2 * ( 4,19 x 10-2 x o,292 ) J| = 2,445 x 10-3
Flow rate of N2 -* ( 4,19 X 10~2 x 0,292 J ~°. = 9f780 X 1Q-3
ORIGINAL
Molar heats at V = Qt. of N2 and O2 OF P00R
CV 02 = 4,148 4 0,003 T
Cv N2 = 4,524 4- 0,0012 0?
L e t u s n o w a p p l y e q u a t i o n ( 1 )
12
( 4,143 4- 0,003 T ) dTQ = 2,445 x 10-3
4- 9a78o x 10-3 I ( 4,524 4- 0,0012 T ) dT =
= 2,445 x 10*3 ( 4,060 4- 2,371 ) 4- 9,760 x 10~3 ( 4.430 4- 924 ) *
\
= 2,445 x 6,371 ^ 9,760 x 5,354 = 15,58 4- 52,4 = 67,98 eel.
Q = 6 7 . 9 8 c a l o r i e s
T r e p r e s e n t s a b s o l u t e t e m p e r a t u r e s , a n d s o t h e l i m i t s o f
i n t e g r a t i o n a r e n o t c e n t i g r a d e , b u t a b s o l u t e .
Once w e k n o w t h e h e a t , t h e p o w e r n e c e s s a r y t o h e a t t h e
s t a t e d f l o w i s :
by:
Q = 67.98 cal
t sec
T h e hea t l o s s e s i n t h e a n n u l a r c h a m b e r m i g h t b e c a l c u l a t e d
2 / T k ( to - t-
n =J
J,
&-L ; 2 nlc ( t2 -
. 4- =
-"-n
~ _>
Whe re:
r and t are the indicated r a d i i
L = length of r i n g
k = heat transmission coefficient of
the material
These would be the most im p o r t a n t heat conduction l o s s e s ,
and if the m a t e r i a l used to make the a n n u l a r chamber is r e f r a c -
t o r y enough, we c o u l d have heat losses in the o r d e r of 10%, /3
r e q u i r i n g the p r o v i s i o n of heat to the c o i l s of:
Q -_Q = 67.98; Q = 75.4 cal/sec = 75.1 x 4.184 joules/sec =
10
315.5 joules/sec, since the c a l o r i e s Q are e q u i v a l e n t to j o u l e s
m u l t i p l i e d by J, the mechanical e q u i v a l e n t of heat, which is
equal to 4 . 184.
The dynamo, then, would have to supply t h i s energy plus that
of any l i n e losses across the e n t i r e e l e c t r i c c i r c u i t .
Taking into account the losses of the current converter and
those in the b a t t e r y c i r c u i t , t o t a l l o s s e s may be 20%, b r i n g i n g
the required dynamo power to:
315.5 = P - 20 P; P = 394 joules/sec.
100
P = 394 joules/sec = 394 = .536 H P = 394 w
9.8 x 75
P = 394 watts
As we can see, the p owe r i s s ma 11, but so is the f l o w w e are
considering. If the l a t t e r were greater, our problem would be to
modify the data using the same procedure, and the r e q u i r e d work
c a p a c i t y of the dynamo, which p l a y s the most i m p o r t a n t r o l e in
heating the a i r , would be greater.
Battery capacity is a d i f f e r e n t and secondary problem, which
can be taken care of by v i e w i n g it as a c u r r e n t c a r r i e r , since
8
the c u r r e n t heating the c o i l s after conversion to A.C. is no
greater than the D.C. supplied by the dynamo.
Current Transformer.
The c u r r e n t t r a n s f o r m e r must have a great many cycles per
second, and in t h i s case, an o s c i l l a t o r is s u i t a b l e . The
THYRATRON can also be used.
High Frequency Generator.
The MAGNETRON can be used. It is a VHP generator whose
o s c i l l a t i o n s depend on the external c i r c u i t or the t r a n s i t time
of the electrons.
Navaconsejo, 3uly 1, 1964
Signed: 3uan Heliodoro Diaz Miron
Key for words used on drawing (next page):
a. incident r a d i a t i o n k. fuel switch
b. t y p e n s i l i c o n 1. water
c. p-n jointure m.p ump
d. type p s i l i c o n n. condenser
e. control mechanism o. NUCLEAR REACTOR
f . s h i e l d
g. turbine
h. gene rat o r
i. fuel plates
j. cooling water
ORIGINAL PAGE, 53
OF POOR QUALITY
JUAN HELIODORO DIAZ MIRON SHEET
-
v
— • t) *lluta "»• "
1
/ "* \
K coNuoJTi \ I'*";C0niuiti.il \ l_7~;i \ T-4
NOT TO SCALE Zamora, January 1985
JUAN HELIODORO DIAZ MIRON
10


High frequency-heated air turbojet

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