An update on the Space Exploration Initiative (SEI) is given in viewgraph form. Topics covered include the key prerequisites of human exploration, project planning, Mars and lunar explorations, supporting technologies, near-term strategies for SEI, human support elements, and Space Station Freedom SEI accommodations

Peach, Lewis L., Jr.

English

NASA Technical Reports Server

https://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=19920007885 2020-03-17T13:04:36+00:00Z

Options Enabling Mission Acquire Science & Engineering Decisions Data,Test Critical Systems & 
* Opportunities in Propulsion, Technologies 
Power, & Robotics Select landing sites 
Human Performance Capability 
* Define Environment in Which 
Spacecraft & Crews Must Function 
4 Permit Safe, Productive Long Life Science Research Program 
) Duration Stays for Humans in Space Technology Development Test Bed 
Earth to orbit transportation 
* New Launch System 
-. 
Provide Understanding of Issues, Operations Experience Base Capabilities, & Limits Associated with 
Zero-G & Artificial-G Space Flight Possible LEO Transportation Node 
Office 0% Aeronautics, Exploration and Technoloav d 
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OUTREACH 
who selected 
Office sf Aeronautics, Exploration and Technology 
Barr~oslOEXP Top 20 4 7,30191 Ver3112 690 

Mars Exp oration 
- Emphasis on Mars, lunar activities simply support Mars 
missions 
Science Emphasis for the Moon and Mars 
- Exploration of both Moon and Mars, using the Moon as an 
observation platform 
The Moon to stay a oration 
- Emphasis on a human presence on the Moon, with smaller 
crews engaged in exploration and science at Mars 
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- Emphasis on developing lunar resources for energy on Earth , 
and for launch vehicle propellants 
Office of Aeronautics, Exploration and Technology 
Ver 116 12 91 



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Science, Technology and Operations will be integrated within each element to provide 
the required human sklppora 
SSF Zem Gravity Cosmtermeasures and A rtificial Gravity 
- Understand mechanisms underlying physical debilitation and develop countermeasures 
- Determine adequacy of countermeasures on SSF 
- In parallel, develop artificial gravity concepts and simulations using ground based research 
and SSF 
Radiation Health and Radiation Protection 
- Develop Solar Energetic Particle prediction capability 
- Develop and validate measures of biological effects of galactic cosmic rays 
- Develop and validate materials shielding analysis codes 
- Characterize shielding materials in a design database 
- Define shielding and other radiation countermeasure requirements 
- Validate radiation health requirements using LIFESAT 
* LIFESAT 
- Two spacecraft, six missions planned around four launches; 6/96, 2/97 (2 SIC), 3/98 (2 SIC), 
1 2/98 , 
- Determine the relationship between radiation and microgravitylgravitational effects on biological systems 
- Validate ground based assessments, models and simulations 
SSF Life SuppoH Systems 
- Furiiier deveiop appiicabie science anc. technology of regenerative life supporl, to include 
bioregenerative concepts as well as physical/chemical 
- Develop and validate systems For csntaminaiion monitoring and control and lor paP%ia//full 
closure of air, water, food and waste, utilizing ground bases and SSF research 
- Develop concepts for lunar and Mars in situ resource utilization (water, oxygen, etc.) lo 
suppofi exploration and other goals 
Offlee sf Aeronautics, Exploraliisw and Technology 
3PeacNSpace Sa ian  Requirements W 3 1  Ver 115 31.91 
EVA (Surface) 
- Evolve planetary EVA systems to maximize productive EVA time through enhanced crew 
performance, more efficient portable life support functions, and improved durability, 
reliability, and maintainability 
- Validate surface EVA systems using developed lunar and Mars test-beds 
Human Factors 
- Use analog facilities (e.g., Antarctica base, undersea habitat) to develop systems and 
procedures that will establish a physical, psychological and sociological climate 
favorable to crew living and work environments 
- Verify approaches using habitat and transfer vehicle simulation facilities 
- Use Space Station Freedom and lunar outpost as validation test-beds 
Advanced Medical Care 
- Develop in-flight and ground-based support systems to provide remote medical care in 
event of injury or illness 
- Verify and validate systems using STS, SSF, lunar missions and analogs (Antarctica) 
Planetary Protection 
- Define the potential threats of planetary forward and back contamination 
- Develop, validate, and perform operational tests of protection equipment and procedures 
- Define and develop flight hardware for planetary protection management on Mars robotic 
and human missions 
Office of Aeronautics, Exploration and Technology d 
YPeacNSpace Slation Requiremens 8/2/91 Ver. 15-31-91 
i 

Objectives 
Support life sciences research and technology verification activities required for the 
Space Exploration Initiative 
Maintain the design flexibility to support on-orbit processing of lunar and Mars 
spacecraft 
Strategy 
Identify architecture independent requirements on SSF to support SEI and define 
corresponding program 
- Primarily R&D activities (Life Sciences and technology verification) 
I 
- Supports continued development of §SF into a life sciences and technology 
test-bed configuration by 2004 
Continue a broad research program which maintains Space Station Freedom 
development options to support architecture specific roles 
- Includes transportation node (vehicle processing) activities 
- Supports continued development of §SF into a transportation node by 2007 if 
needed while minimizing near-term costs 
Focus near-term efforts on advanced studies and long lead time advanced 
development for selected technologies , 
Office of Aeronautics, Exploration and Technology 
Barriis2/PeacNSSF Evolutiorv' SEI Update 7B1191 Ver.lU-30-91 
Content - 
Space Station Freedom augmentations for life sciences and 
R&T to support to SEI 
- Systems definition and integration studies 
- Additional habitation module for increased crew size 
- Increased power through addition of high-efficiency power generation 
systems (e.g., solar dynamic) 
- Subsystem upgrades associated with adding power (thermal, utility 
distribution, etc.) 
- Advanced technology development 
Space Station Freedom augmentations to provide SEI 
transportation node 
- Additional structure for attaching facilities 
I - Advanced suit and second airlock for increased EVA 
= Lunar Transfer Vehicle accommodations facility 
- Cargo Transfer Vehicle accommodations (option) 
- Advanced propulsion 
- Advanced Autornatio rn to reduce EVA requirements 
nology 
Bariws21PeacNSSF EvolutioM SEI Upda 



SEI: An update

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