The object of this working group panel was to review questions and issues pertaining to technology transfer between the government and the aerospace industry for use on both government and commercial space customer applications. The results of this review are presented in vugraph form

Dunbar, Dennis

Sackheim, Robert

English

NASA Technical Reports Server

N93-30716
f_
WORKING PANEL #3
TECH TRANSFER BETWEEN NASA
AND THE AEROSPACE COMMUNITY
ROBERT SACKHEIM & DENNIS DUNBAR
TECHNOLOGY TRAH8FRR BETWBl_H TKB
GOVERm_HT AND THE ]tJ_ROBPA_"qm ZBDU8TRY
O_RVZBW
THE OBJW_ OF THIS WORKIHG GROUP PANEL Z8 TO IU_VIZlg QURBTZON8
)_D ZBB_O PBRTAINING '110 TEC1DIOLOG¥ TPJUfBl_R ||STRJ_
GOVEI_KE14_ AND THE _J_ROSP_CE ZHDUSTRY FOR UBle ON BOTH
GOVEIU_LBHT AND CON)[RRCI]LT, BP&C_ cuaToM_R &PPLI_kTIONS.
T5-I
https://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=19930021527 2020-03-17T04:31:13+00:00Z
TRAHSFleR BETWIflKH lJi_& AKD ZI4DUSTRY
laU4BIU
TE]U( LEADER - ROBBRT B&CK][RZH - TRW
PR.RSB11flL'BR - DBIi'IZ8 DUNBAR - GD eL8
BOBTOPIC & - GOVlJKtFA]HIT 1_[_8TOt4BR
P._PPORTBUR - WA.T_ OfITAD - _WD
BUBTOP1"C B - C_O)I]I_RCZ.I_ CUBTOI(XR
IUkP]L:'ORTIIOR - NIVZLLR It(ARSEBLL - _TPL
HAROLD ]kDILBON - TRW
,TOB GIIRtCAIfl) - ltZ
O'OIDi _TBMNZMG8 - llU]t. C
HOP,Iq DOW_8 - DOT OCST
croR FULLER - FUTRGN
LBx I[OZ,COI(B - IGkf_ R
RON KI4RZNKBL - BDH
wx_ wnwn - _]_ z_az_x
T,,ARRY P&LNBR l[OdKB8 BE8
DON THURH]_ - ]g3kS& NS_-,
DAHOH IBLL8 - DOT OCST
I
TWO TECHNOLOGY PARTNERSHIP
MODELS FOR CONSIDERATION _
i SUCCESSFUL TEAMS SHARE INFORMATION /
Roc_wIH _
IIIlil el II I I
.+
T5-2
MARCH 17 - 19, 1992
q
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-__-
GOVERH)_h'T TO ]tJIROSP),_ IliDUSTR¥
KEY ZBBUBB ]t,HD QURBTZONB
1. DOBfJ THE GOVHRNI4RNT BXERT TOO NUCH i_O]rZ'ROL?
2. DOB8 NABA EA_ A _L_kRT]_R AND/OR AN ZNT/DiT TO BUPPORT / BIt]DU#CB U.B. Z]i_UBTRY
COIOIERCZJt_ CONPBTZTl"Y'IDIBS8 ?
3. TO W/L_T BZ'L'BNT BHOULD ZNDUBTRY DRPRWD ON TIE1 GOVil_IP_?
4. ARE FUHDZNG PRZORZTZBfJ COHP&TZBLE WZTH HATZONAL PRZOP_TZB8 FOR COI414ERCZAL
CONPBTZTZVRNBB8?
S. HOW FAR BKOULD TIM GOVR_ TAI_ TBCHNOLOGY FOR (2010(BRCZIt.L DaB?
a) R&T DUB i.HD FOCUfJBD (LEVEL S & 4)
b) BRZDGX TECHNOLOGY (LK'VBL ?, 8 & 9)
o) HOW TO FUND BRZDGB TUCHHOLOGY
- DZRE_'J_ GO3_RHHRHT FUIiDZHG (CRAD)
- ZNVESTHENT TAX CR.RDZT8 (BABWD ON Bl_,,BS) ......
- CRADA / CltO&
- NAHDATED POLZCY & ZHCF.HTZVB8
- GCVER,NHE_ FUNDED DEI(OeB AND FL'FGHT TEBT8
- nAHCKOR TE]t_t.NT _l OR nBLOCK BUY" P_J4[TB
GOVB_ TO _t,RROBPACE ZliOOBTRY (_h'TXHUIeD)
twy ZfJBUB8 AND QUBSTZOHB
S. CAH T'KR GOVRR.H'HEHT PROVZDR OTHRR BROAD "rllCBHTZVZB FOR TBCHI#OLOGY TRAHBFRR?
?. TO WHAT LBVIL BHOULD T'KB GOV'BR.IO_IqT TRANSFRR 5"BCKI_LOGY?
- A8 I FUHCTZOH OF DEVRLOPN_HT RZSK (ACTB)
- U _ FUNCTZOH OF GOVR]P,N]ODmT BRN'BFZTB AND PAYBACK (leLVIfJ)
8. 8KOULD THE U.B. HULT'r-HODR TECH TR,XNBFZR ORGANZ|ATZON BE
HODZFZED ZH THE _TIkPANEaE I)IZTZ fPl'_rJ?
9. _ 8BZRgB COBT EFFECTZVB FOR L]kRGE ]kIROBPACI! FZR1487
THERE BE NORE EFFRCTZ'Vll UTZLZSATZOIF?
T5-3
OBBBRV'ATZOHB & 8UGGBBTZOH8
i
5[ e
2.
3.
4.
5e
]G_BAt Ol_3r N8pC ETC. HEZD TO AGREE OH A CH]_RTRR ]'OR 8UPPOR'L'ZlN
O. 8. CONNBR_ZAL ¢OI(P_ZTZVBHBS8.
NIBA JdlD Zlfl)USTRY IffBBD A PLIUI J'OR uBRZDGBU TRCKHOLGGY r_J;DZl_a.
COI,fl4_RCZI_L COKPRTZTZVISlfE88 N]_TZOHI, L PP.ZOP.ZTY VfJ. J'UNDZNG
PRZOP.ZTY Z80Cr_ OF D_z NORI IqJND8 NI_DZD.
]I'B]_D TO P.L'VXBIT "OV'BR-ZNBTZTUTZO)I_T..TBATZO]P e OF THB TR r'w
TR/_BYBR PROC'BB8 BY TOG Id]rLl_ YRDuiU_ /LGL'lJ_ZRB. T/[Z8 Za DOUHD
To F.nBUL? ZX ]_ON-_UZ ;,DDID cost _mu)nn 5,o _ 5,zc]Emoz, o_
ZI4_LIU_NT&TZOB lPROCBB8 - BBPBCZ]kLLY /OR _ UROBl'ACB
ZISDUSTRY.
HRED lOPE FZH]kHCZ_ ZHCEH'_Z_'R8 I'OR ZHDUBTRY TO _ TH1 P.ZBK8
NECBBB]_RY FOR BFFECTZV'R TuCHNOLOGY TR.ikHBIt'BR TO LARGE 8Pl_
8YBTRHS. (BG: THR HACK - P_ZR_._t'T zIn)uBTRY NODRL)
T5-4
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1
Subtopic A
Technology Transfer Associated With A
Projected Government Application
Dr. Walter Olstad
TBCHHOLOGY TR._HBFBR HODBL
GOVERNMENT R&D GOVERNMENT
NASA
NASA CUSTOMER oon
DOE 00 r
DOD , _ DOE
' /Z4,
,,\\, \ ,NDUSlR¥ /,',/
"\ \ R _ PRIME _'z'/"
\ \
\\ _ Industr. Sub I
REOUIREMENTSFLOW _ -\ \ --i---I---I ...... ' ,'
TECHNOLOGY FLOW ..... _ \\ " -- In,lustr. Su'--bC ----V
R.oou_,flow --'"" _ --I--I--I----"
T5-5
_. WITH &POZ, OOIE8 TO JOH)I ]_tB8TOJ
EFFICIENCY OY TECE14OLOGY TR/dq8FER
Ifl_BRR
r/Tr= (F4Lu - _ ]?_)
(To,/T,,_)
It, . Ho (1 4. N.,)
Pll_, P&,o = FUSIOH OF "_JUfDB-OIF e USER, TEO21r. DEV'BT,,,OFER
To, = DII_C'I' ZNTBIUkOTIOH TIME SE'L'lfBEN DIL'_ILOPBR & USER
T,,_ = 'L'O'L'_ PRODUCT DEV_Z, OI_LBTL' T.T,J_ _
x..: mmmmROF V_On-;U)OXi,q Z'Z,_TnU zJ=_|B
No = xmmn Ol, DZmTIXCTO_)._InTZON+ ZlVOLVZn
H., = HUMBER OF 'JL'RC21. TRKIf8FRR IHTERJrRDIARIR8
ill
&POLLO
BBF
• CLARITY OF mtel_ _ II_USTRT POLLS
• RISOORCES XJ_lO _XSSIOH OVnRC_ OnETltCLUS
• TRADITIONAL TRANSFER MEt3_kNISNB_ PROACT!VELY USED
* STRONG ROLZ POE NAS_. FACILITIES _ FLIGHT EZP_kI_NTS
• l_8X m_D I_USTRY LISg OF &
• MOR_ CONFUSION _ CLARITY XnO_T TECSnqOLOOY ROL_S
• UNSTABLE PJ_QUZRF.HZHTB DISRUPT TE_DIQ_ .LOGy DIFVRT.,OPNRNT
• TRADITIONAL TRANSFSR MBC_ISM8 FORGOTTEN
• mSCER_AISRJZ_R_nS _m)_vni%_ _s_]_
GOVERNMENT - AEROSPACE INDUSTRY
T5-6
KEY ZEBUS8 / BARRIER8
• )LANAGENEHT L_CRB UNDBR8TARDING OF TECHNOLOGY TRAIqBFER ZKPORTAHCE / PROCBaB
• IHDUGTRY ZBNIT JURY BBTTIR
, ZNADxQUATR PERBONHRL NOBZLZTY
• GROWTH OF ZI_ZBZTZNG L_WB / UGUL_TZON8
• KNEE-JERK RE_CTZ01f8 OF RaT TO PROGBJU4J_TZC ZNSTUZLZTZE8
• LOB8 OF PUB/ON IN mt, BA AND INDUSTRY
GOVERNMENT - AEROSPACE INDUSTRY
TRAIqBFER F,ECRANZBK8 THAT WORK BETWEEN. •. • • •
H]kBA R&T - ZNDUETRY
• PROFEBBZONAL/TRCHNZCAL ZJFTERCHINGE
• PUBLZSHED TRCHNZC]LL N_TBR.TkL8
• ZIU_ ]R.L'VZBWB
• PERSONNEL E][Crl[ANGEB
• BEARING OF FACZLZTIBB
• CORT'JL_.CT RJ:D
• CONTRACT CONCEPT/BTSTEN8 8TUDZB8
• 8BZR
INDUSTRY - E_BA CUETOHER
• TECHNICAL KARKETZNG/WHZTR PAPER8
• 8OLICZTATZONG/PROPOSAL8
• CONTRACT CONCEPT/EYSTEM8 STUDIES
• PERSONNEL CO-LOCATZONS/LZAZSONE
• USE OF GOVERNHEHT FACILITIES
• DAT_ DELZVEI_OLES
• PRODUCT DELIVERABLES (TEST ARTICLES/PROTOTYPEE/FINAL)
GOVERNMENT - AEROSPACE ZNDDSTRY
T5-7
EIq'JIAI4CBKBIqT OPPORTUNITIES
• ¢L]U_,ZJ'Y HIU3& VS. ZHDUBTRY ROLE IN TECHHOLOGY DB3_LOPMRNT/TRAHRFER
- WHAT TECHNOLOGY RBADZHB88 LK'VBL AND WHY?
- WHO e8 TIER OU8TOI4RR?
• ZnSTXZa,PuszGN z_ _ Fox 5_c_oz_oy TRYsteR
- _r,aen'r OuT/_snaece erNTHE ceanTeu rob Tz_r.oaY _nAxsrz_
- PROVIDE POBZTZVB IIICENTIVRB
• ZHC]_tl_ 1_ ItHXH-WTN It PRJ_ON]r_L RXCH_L_E
- DK'VBLOP UBZGIIMENTB
- NAI4_OEKEHT C_)JOIZTNEHT ]_ND FOLLOW THROUGH
- QIs,RBER CFJAIGB8
• INSTITUTE N]_TION_L 8P_CE TRCHNOLOGY F&CZLITXBB POLICY
- GROUND-B&RED SIMULATION (LkRGE BCALE, KIGH CORT}
- 8P&C_-BABED F&CILITIE8 (0UICI_ &CCER8, AFFORDAB y.R)
• _GE TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER
- RECOGNIZE INDUBTRY*8 ROLE IN THE ITP
- BUILD CONNECTIVITY AMONG ALL TEcHNOLOGy PLANS
• STRETd_LZNE PROCUREMENT PROCEB8 FOB CRAD
GOVERNMENT - _EROBPkCE INDU8TRY
WKO 8HOOLD DO _T
I
• o_sT / Use_ CENTER _an.z_ / ZND.STnY ._a_..,
- CLARIFY UNDERRTANDZNG OF TRANBFER lsR0CRBB
- CLARIFY BOLES FOR OPTIMO'M TRAHBFBR
• _ - G]_XN LONG-TERM COMIfZTMRHT FOB TECHNOLOGY PLaN
• _ - X.CLUnE TnJU_STZR(AMP RecoGNzsE zNDusTmr,a _.o,.u) zN _az ZTP
• oasT / REs_ARC_ cENTreS / X_'DUSTRY- ZscRease ZeTEaaCT_GNasp Heco_z a T_
• EVERYONE - FIND _AYB TO RECREATE T]_ PJ_BION
GOVERNMENT - A_ROBPACE INDUSTRY
T5-8
4
i
7t
Subtopic B
Technology Transfer Associated With A
Commercial Space Sector Application
Dr. Neville Marzwell
TWO TECHNOLOGY PARTNERSHIP
MODELS FOR CONSIDERATION
i SUCCESSFUL TEAMS SHARE INFORMATION II
Rm_kw$11Inlel_ttonal
T5-9
MARCH 17 - 19, 1992
TI_CKNOLOGY TIIAWBFER Bv-'L_EEN GOVERNKSI_L' lkGZllCZE8
COKHERCIAL BPACE 2ECTOR
I I I I
T&C_OR8 ZIO'LUIrMCZJG 5_ICH-TRANBI_R
• T/I_NO--IfCONOIfZC PAC"I'ORB
QU'ALZFTED / NOTZV'ATED PBR_ONI_ELa _VAZLI_ZLZTY OF ]).BBOUllCI8
• ORGANZSATZO]IQt_L FAil'ORB
CLZIQTB_ 8NOOTHZII'G ZN _rOZIlT-DRCZSZON NAI_ZlIG DOI_ AT LOWER
LJVBL
• ¢ONN_I_TZCATZOW FA_O]P.8
LEVEL OF COIQ(CI'NZCATZON DI_PBNDENT ON Tile "GAI_ BRTIFBI_II B_SZC
P.ESEARCE AND RBJU)ZN'BS8 FOR BNGZNEI_RZNG P2OTO'J_PZNG
• TRC_[NOLOGY J_TURZTY
ZHCRE]t_ED I_TURZTY ZI(PLZI_8 _J_88 RZ81_ Ab*D THEREFORE GREATER
PROBP,BZL/TY OF 8'UC_BB8
• CULTURAL DZFFEREI4TZJ_L
BUSZITEB8 _ PROJ_E88IONIkL PRACTICE
JPL Robotic Technology Evolution and TmnsMr
FACTORS AFFECTING TECH-TRANSFER
SOURCE
OF
KNOWLEDGE
(SUPPUER)
FORMAL FACTOR_;
- METHOD OF INFORMATION DOCUMENTATION
- THE DISTRIBUTION 8YSTEM
- FORMAL ORGANIZATION OF THE USER
- 8ELECTION PROCE_9 FOR PROJECTS
(USERS" CONTRIBUTION)
INFORMAL FACTORS
CAPACITY OF THE RECEIVER
- INFORMAL LINKER IN THE RECEIVING ORGANIIZATION --
- CREDIBILITY AS VIEWED BY THE RECEIVER
- PERCEIVED REWARD TO THE RECEIVER
- WILLINGNESS TO BE HELPED
TS-IO
UTIUZATION
OF
KNOWLEDGE
(USER/
RECEIVER)
=
|
;|
|
"- TYPES OF BARRIERS IN TECH-TRANSFER
• ENVIRONMENT BETWEEN THE R&D GENERAL SYSTEM (FEDERAL LAB, UNIV OR PRIVATE
LAB) AND THE COMPANY GENERAL SYSTEM (USER TO WHOM THE TECHNOLOGY IS TO
BE TRANSFERRED)
• ENVIRONMENT BETWEEN THE DEPARTMENT8 AND DIVISIONS WITHIN THE LABORATORY
OR COMPANY WHICH REPRESENT THE SUBSYSTEMS OF BOTH GENERAL SYSTEMS
• BETWEEN THE GENERAL SYSTEMS • BETWEEN SUBSYSTEMS
1. NO FORMAL TRANSFER POLICIES 1. INERTIA BARRIER
2. COST BARRIERS 2. LACK OF AN INCENTIVE STRUCTURE
3. TIME HORIZON CONFLICT 3. COST BARRIER
4. INFRINGEMENT PROBLEMS 4. COMMUNICATION
5. TIME BARRIER
6. GEOGRAPHIC DISTANCE
7. NON-EXISTENT TRANSFER
MANAGEMENT STRUCTURE
8. TECHNOLOGY BARRIER
• BETWEEN ELEMENT
1. LACK OF AN INCENTIVE STRUCTURE ..........
2. HIGH RISK OF BEING BLAMED FOR FAILURE
3. INSECURITY OF RETAINING JOB IF NOT SUCCESSFUL
4. MUTUAL DISRESPECT
5. UNIQUE REQUIREMENTS OF EACH SUBSYSTEM
8. UPDATING OF TECHNOLOGY NEEDS
7. TIME BARRIER
8. LACK OF TRANSFER ORGANIZATION MANAGERS
MAJOR BARRIERS AND HINDRANCES
TO TECH-TRANSFER
1. A TENDENCY TO ASSUME WITHOUT PROOF THAT THERE IS A RECEIVER FOR
THE TECHNOLOGY, THAT m, THAT 8OMEBODY ACTUALLY WANTS IT AND
WILL ACCEPT IT
2. LACK OF INTEREST AND SUPPORT BY TOP MANAGEMENT, THAT IS, THOSE
WHO MAKE POLICY AND CONTROL THE NECESSARY RESOURCES
3. LACK OF INTEREST OR EFFORT BY MANAGERS AT THE LEVEL WHERE
TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER WILL ACTUALLY BE IMPLEMENTED
4. FAILURE TO FIX RESPONSIBILITY AND ACCOUNTABILITY FOR GETrING THE
JOB DONE
5. LACK OF AWARENESS OF THE VALUE OF TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER
6. LACK OF FUNDING FOR THE TRANSFER EFFORT
7. LACK OF PERSONNEL ASSIGNED TO THE TASK OR LACK OF SUFFICIENT
TIME AVAILABLE TO THOSE WHO ARE ASSIGNED TO THE TASK
8. LACK OF NECESSARY KNOWLEDGE AND TRAINING FOR THOSE ASSIGNED
THE TASK
O. RESTRICTIONS ON MOBILITY OF PERSONNEL
10. INDIFFERENCE TO TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER
i
TS-I 1
11.
MAJOR BARRIERS AND HINDRANCES
TO TECH-TRANSFER (Cont'd)
POWER GAMES INTENDED TO MAINTAIN OR PROMOTE PERSONAL AMBITIONS,
SUCH AS JQB PROTECTION, COMMERCIAL INTEREST, POLmCAL AMBITIONS,
STATUS, OR CONTROL OF THE WORK SITUATION. USUALLY TAKES THE FORM OF
SECRECY. (H_wthome 1978)
12. POOR INTERPERSONAL RELATIONS- THE PARTIES REACT NEGATIVELY TO
EACH OTHER
13. EXPECTATIONS OF ONE PARTY ARE NOT SHAREO BY THE OTHER PARTIES
14. LACK OF CONTINUED ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITMENT TO THE EFFORT
lS. PROMISING MORE THAN CAN BE DELIVERED
16. SOMEONE TAKING OFFENSE, WHERE NONE WAS INTENDED, AT A SUGGESTION
THAT 80ME ACTIVITY THEY ARE RESPONSIBLE FOR COULD BE IMPROVED
17. CULTURAL DIFFERENCES: ETHNIC, REGIONAL, NATIONAL, OR ORGANIZATIONAL
18. EMPLOYMENT SENIORITY SYSTEMS OR FEATHERBEDDING
19. DOCUMENTS TOO TECHNICAL FOR THE POTENTIAL USER TO UNDERSTAND
20. EXCESSIVE GOVERNMENT REQUIREMENTS FOR PRODUCT TESTING AND APPROVAL
KEY TECHNOLOGY
'_f RANSFER BARRIERS
lo_r i
LACK AWARENESS CLASSIFIED LACK OF
OF TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH INCENTIVES
TRANSFER
THE ABOVE CONDITIONSWERE PERCEIVEDBY THE RESPONDENTS
TO BE THE GREATESTBARRIERS TO TECHNOLOGYTRANSFER
i i
LABORATORY
"RED TAPE"
T5-12
SPECIFIC BA.RR3EP.8 TO COMI(]_RCIALZS]_TZOH
• GOVERHNZHT PROCEDURBSw REGULATIONS, DOCONBHTATION AID (_OHTROLS.
• Z_CR OF DIRBC'TION, DEFINITIONe ROLES,. RESPONSIBILITY AND A_OUIITIWZLITY OF
GOVRRH]G_NT AGHNCZEB IN TECHNOLOGY TIUUIBFEm.
• LACK OF LONG-TERM STRATEGIC GOAL8 FOR GOVHRHXBNT AGENCIES NHZ_[ RESULTS IN
UHCERTAZHTINB, TORDULRNCRBe FLUCTUATIONS AHD PR3OP.ZTIN8 FOR 8P&_ BYSTRi_
• GOVERHNHHT DOES NOT T&EE R&D BASE TO HIGH EHOUGH LEVEL OF RE,ADINEB8 TO REDUCE
RIBN TO INDUBTRI]),L/COI4MERCIAL SECTORS.
- SIMULATION MODEL IS _ FROM BRING AN ENGINEERING PROTOTYPE OR A FLIGHT TESTED
BUBS¥STRH
- IHFRABTRUCTUR_ TO SUPPORT BRIDGING
- ECONOMICAL INCENTIVES
- LACK OF POLICY AND STRATEGY
• LACE AND MAGNITUDE OF C_PITAL REQUIREMEHTB RENDERED INDUSTRY DBPRNDBHT ON
GOVERNMENT FOR SPACE MARKET NEEDS AHD DEFINITION.
• GOVERNMEHTAL AGENCIES FUNDING STRUCTURE OF BABE R&D FOCUBMO TECHNOLOGY BUT HO
CLEAR FUNDING FOR ENGINEERING FROTOTYPINGw QUALIFICATION AND FLIGHT VRLID&TION.
• HIGHER AND MORE COMPLEX TECHNOLOGY LEVEL BEING DEVELOPED WHICH HAS MOT BEEN
HATCHED BY INCREASED HUMAN COMPETENCE, TRAINING AND EDUC,XTION.
• NULTI-MODI TECH. TRANSFER ORGAHI_ATION8 HIGHLY DISORGANIZED, INEFFICIENT WHEN
COMPARED TO 3APANg8 CONSORTIUM OF GOVERNMENT AGENCIES, BANKS, INDUSTRY
UNIVERSITIES.
• HEIR EFFECTIVENESS RECOGNIZED FOR GI4_LL SUBSYSTEMS BUT HAS NO IMPACT ON SPACE
BYBTF_qB DEVELOPMENT DUE TO SHORTAGE IN CAPITAL BORROWING CAPABILITIES•
EVOLUTION MODEL
STAGE DONOR BOTH
(Cont'd)T t'l" 
RECIPIENT
(Ju)_u-r,_
IMPUEMENTATION
CONSIDER CAPITAL ANO
HARDWARE
OVERCOME PgF.JUDICE
PROVIDE TRAINING
OVERCOME RESISTANCE
TO CHANGE
MAINTENANCE
DELEGATE AUTHORITY
ASSIST IN
TROUBLE-SHOOTING
IDEHTIFY DIVERStRCATION
POSSIBILITIES
EVALUATE NET BENEFITS
DECBION: OO,'HO OO
RECRUIT RE_DURCES
RUN PILOT OPERATION
DECI_ON: 00440 GO
RUN FULL-SCALE OPERATION
CONSIDER PEOPLE AND
EMOTIOHS
BUILD COHESIVE
OMANIZATION
PROVIDE SUPPORTiNO
ELEMENTS
ENSURE BUREAUCRATIC
SUPPORT
ENSURE COMPATIBILITY
WITH SUPPORTING
ELEMENTS
EVALUATE SIDE EFFECTS
PERFORM CONCURRENT
R&D
EVALUATE NET BENEFITS
EVALUATE SUCCESS
DECISION: GO_O GO
: T5-13
EVOLUTION MODEL,
I_AGE DONOR BOTH
m RECIPIENT
MARCH
IDENTIFY
CAPAIILITE!
II?AILI_ POt.ICES All)
plVoltmEs
DEVELOPIHCEHTIVES
TO MARCH FOR NEEDS
PflOVIOESC_U4CEI.8
FORCONTACT
ill
ADAPTATION
LEARNENVIRONMENTOF
RECIPIENT
EVALUATEADAPl'A11ON
REOUJNEMSNTS
EVALUATECOST
EVALUATEFEASIBILITY
(IMPLEMENTATION)
i1
UNRECOONIZEO
TTOPPORTUNITY
ESTABLISH
VlASLECONTACT
DECISION:GOMO O0
FORMULATE1"1"PROJECT
ANALYZECOST
EFFECTIVENESS
DECISION:0,0440 GO
i: i
IDENTIFY
NEEDS
ESTABLISHPOUC_S
AHDPRIORmES
DEVELOPINCENTIVES
TO SEARCHFOR
CAPABiLITiES
PROVIDECHANNELS
FORCONTACT
EVALUATE
SOCtO-ECONOmC
IMPLICATIONS
EVALUATE
EFFECTIVENESS
EVALUATEo'ntER
ALTERNATIVE9
EVALUATEDESIRABILITY
ENHANCING FACTORS TO TECH-TRANSFER
INTERPERSONAL RELATIONSHIP
... THE MECHANISM OF TECHNOLOGICAL TRANSFER IS ONE OF AGENTS, NOT
AGENCIES; OF THE MOVEMENT OF PEOPLE AMONG ESTABLISHMENTS, RATHER
THAN OF THE__ROUTINGOF INFORMATION THROUGH COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS
(Bums, 1969:12).
THE NATIONAL REFERRAL CENTER, A SERVICE OPERATED UNDER THE LIBRARY OF
CONGRESS, HEARTILY SUBSCRIBES TO THE CONVICTION THAT SCIENTIFIC AND
TECHNICAL INFORMATION IS MOST EFFECTIVELY TRANSFERRED FROM PERSON TO
PERSON, NOT FROM MEDIA TO PEOPLE (Timmons, 1978: 34).
7
T5-14
STRATEGIES FOR PROMOTING TECH-TRANSFER
TO PRIVATE SECTOR
TECHNOLOOY
TRANSFER TRANSFER
ITRATEOY PURPOIi MECHAHISM9
PASSml
ROLE-DIRECTED
ORGANIZATION
DIRECTED
TO MAKE INFORMATION ACCESSIBLE TO
INONI_AUl Am) OROM4BMIONS
SEARCHING FOR OOLUTION9 TO
CUITOMII_9OCIITY PRODLEMI
TO ACTIVELY PROMOTE AWAREIC:S9 OF
NEW TECHNOLOGY TO INDIVIDUALS
OCCUPYINO BOUNDARY-SPAI44ING ROLES
IN OROAHIZATION9
TO ACTIVELY PROMOTE THE ADOPTION OF ....
NEW PRODUCT OR PROCESS CONCEPTS
TO INNOVATOR FIRM9 IN AN iNOUSTRY
TECHNICAL DATABASES
HTB
PROFESSIONAL JOURHALS
TRADE PUBLICATION9
CONFERENCES
WORKImOPS
PROFESSIONAL JOURNALS
SEMINAR PRESENTATIOHS
TARGETED TO CERTAIN DISCIPLINES
TRADE PUBLICATION9 AND SEMINAR
PRESENTATIONS TARGETED TO
INDUSTRY GROUPS OR NATIOHAL
ASSOOAIlONS
TECHNOLOGY FAIRS
INOUSTRY TEAMS
TRANSFER OF R&D -
PERSONNEL
DEMONSTRATION
PROJECT5
PERSONAL CONTACTS •
ONSITE VISITS
JOINT VENTURES
TAX INCENTIVES
_ .,.:
MONETARY*
INCENTIVES
INCREASE
S&E FUNDNG
j
MORE LAB DIRECTOR
& MGT SUPPORT
THE ABOVE CONDITIONS WERE PERCEIVED BY THE RESPONDENTS
TO BE THE GREATEST FACILITATORS OF TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER
• LACK OF INCENTIVES WAS A KEY BARRIER
T5-15
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i
ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONING
FOR TECH-TRANSFER
.o._ I I "_"_°_'TECltNOLOGY J
.1 1 1
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CONNECTION OF THE TECHNOLOGY IWITH CURRENT OPERATION5
t __
AVAILABIf3TYOF PERSON J
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• DRTZm'B & QO]U_ZFZ),BZ,I_ PROCBDOIUB WZ'L_ it GO_Itll)I]DIT /
ZNDDS'I"RY Tll(_D;OLOGY TB331'8]rBR
• DRVELOP 7, CULTURZ FOR DOZNG BUfJZNEB8 BASED ON ¢08T ZFFRCTZVF.NRGB J_D TICH
T_SFER ZN ]JO'L_ GO_RN](I]_ AND C_ONNJRCL%L B]rCTOU **UB]_ OF Iq_BA
• )IoR_ Nosy 1:8 NOT 'I'_I_Y,_ZI,I 1:880"_ BUT _ MZ'I_0DO_,O_Y, _U_ _,t_P.OA_II M_I) ]_ ]BW _r_,Y
OT LZFE Z8 NL'EDED... "]_ FOR01(... A FA_I'LZTATZOll Z8 lt'BBDRD,"
• PERHOHNEL EZCIL_IGE, COBT EFFECTZVE / GOAL ORXEIqTI_D COHGORTZUI(8 KR.B THE HOST
PROI(IGZNG EHDZ_VORB. (TlkZ DRFERNEI4T/ZNZTZ&TZV'E8 J'OR NONI_Y RAR]h'RD FRON TEMPI
TI_t.qSFZR FOR 2 TO 3 3fl_.%ltS) ....
• ,TOXI_ TECHHOZX)GY F]_ZRS/8HOW8 ARE NOR2 BFFRCTZVE _ _POBLX(_,TXON8 ALOlWB IIHRI_
"H)A_DB-ON" Z8 E]NCOUR_GED.
T5-16
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Technology transfer between the government and the aerospace industry

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