The research goal of the Human-Machine Systems Engineering Group was to study the existing handling quality studies in aircraft with sonic to supersonic speeds and power in order to understand information requirements needed for a hypersonic vehicle flight simulator. This goal falls within the NASA task statements: (1) develop flight simulator for hypersonic vehicle; (2) study NASP handling qualities; and (3) study effects of flexibility on handling qualities and on control system performance. Following the above statement of work, the group has developed three research strategies. These are: (1) to study existing handling quality studies and the associated aircraft and develop flight simulation data characterization; (2) to develop a profile for flight simulation data acquisition based on objective statement no. 1 above; and (3) to develop a simulator and an embedded expert system platform which can be used in handling quality experiments for hypersonic aircraft/flight simulation training

Deeb, Joseph M.

Kim, Jung H.

Ntuen, Celestine A.

Park, Eui H.

English

NASA Technical Reports Server

N93-1945 6
t_5
2
FLIGHT SIMULATOR FOR HYPERSONIC VEHICLE AND
A STUDY OF NASP HANDLING QUAId-TIES
ANNUAL REPORT
2; .
Prepared for
NASA CENTER OF RESEARCH EXCELLENCE
SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING
NORTH CAROLINA A&T STATE UNIVERSITY
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Celestine A. Ntuen, Ph.D.
Eui H. Park, Ph.D.
Joseph M. Deeb, Ph.D.
Jung H. Kim, Ph.D.
Human-Machine Systems Engineering Group
School of Engineering
North Carolina A&T State University
Greensboro, NC 27411
December, 1992
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A. AREA SUMMARY
The research goal of the Human-Machine Systems Engineering Group was to study
the existing handling quality studies in aircrafts with sonic to supersonic speeds and power
in order to understand information requirements needed for a hypersonic vehicle flight
simulator. This goal falls within the NASA task statements:
;*L l_lop Flight Simulator for HEpersonic Vehicle
2. Study NASP Handling Qualities
3. Study EReO.s of Flexibility on Handling Qualities and on Control System
Performance
Following the above statement of work, the group has developed three research strategies.
These are:
_1. To study existing handling quality studies and the associated airerafts and develop
flight simulation data characterization:
=2. To develop a profile for flight simulation data acquisition based on objective
: _ statement #1 above,
3. To develop a simulator and an embedded expert system platform which can be used
in handling quality experiments for hypersonic aircraft/flight simulation training.
B. AREA RF..SAERCH PROJECTS
Titl_..._e:Investigation of Human Response Error In A Flight Simulation Domain
PI: Celestine A. Ntuen
Investigation of A Model To Analyze Pilot/Vehicle Interaction In A Hypersonic Flight
Simulator
Joseph M. Deeb
Titl..__ee:
PI:
A Robust Methodology For Visual Reconstruction and Surface Rendering For a
NASP Cockpit Environment.
Jung H. Kim and Eui H. Park
C. PROGRAM ACTIVITIRS
To achieve objective #1, extensive data is being collected from various sources
including NASA handling quality source data, U.S. Air Force handling quality handbooks,
and MIT's Center For Man.Machine Flight Simulation Reports. The research outcome for
this objective is in progress and is to be published under the title: "I)eveloDment of Flight
Database Usine Handlin20ualitv Studies". Data in this category are:
• Type of aircraft.
• Aircraft categories (e.g; sonic, hypersonic, etc.).
• Aircraft aerodynamic parameters.
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• Human (pilot) characteristics.
• Environment in which handling quality are derived.
• Controllable and non-controllable variables in the flight simulation studies.
• The performance data (dependent variables) of interest.
Data collection for handling quality (HQ) was accelerated by documents made
available to the group by Dr. L. Taylor of NASA Langley Research Center. While the group
continues to develop conceptual models for synthetic flight simulation for hypersonic
vehicle, the following drawbacks were encountered:
- It is difficult to develop the simulator from scratch. It would be better if an unused
flight simulator could become available for the NASA-CORE project by NASA. This
can be through surplus equipment identifleation from any of the NASA research
centers.
. The group also needs a technical monitor from NASA. The person should have a
background in developing flight training simulators and/or human factors with bias
in human-machine interaction. In all meetings related to the project, the Human-
Machine Group is always left out when discussions on future directions and research
accomplishments are discussed. We need a collaborator to consult with in matters
related to the group.
The original proposal to develop a prototype simulation model is behind by about
four months due to lateness in equipment delivery. However, there is no loss time since the
investigators are developing concepts and theories related to the Research program.
D. FACULTY AND STUDENT PARTICIPATION
Faculty Imrtidimuts
Faculty
Celestlme A.
Ntuen
Etd ELPark
Joseph M. Deeb
Jung IL Klm
De_nt Ethnic Teaching Interest
Affiliation Back8.
Black Human-Machine
Interaction Systems
Asian Simu_on, QuUty
ControlManufacturlnll
White
Aahm
Human Fac/ors,
Ergonomics and Manual
Mah.rhd Handling
Comput, r Vision &
S_ud ere¢_
Research Interest
Human.Machine
s_teuu_ ArtmcUd
lntemgence and
Rellablll/y
Manufacturing
Systems, Robotics
& Quality Control
Human Factors &
Ergonomics
Shpmdl'roc_tnS
Expert SysteB
CORE
Responsibility
Team Leader
Team Member
Team Member
Team Member
No. of
Students
Advised
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NASA-CORE (HUMAN-MACH/NE SYSTEMS GROUP)
Student Partic/pmtt's Profile
Cl_--n.h/p/
Group
Woodrow U.S.A.
Winchester (Black)
Christopher U.S.A.
Ge/ser (Black)
Erika
Mansfield
Addr_
912 ¥s/rgr_n Road
Greensboro, NC 27410
401L.C Savannah Street
Greensboro, NC 27406
_20-B Cottage Place
Greensboro, NC 27455
M._or Classlflc_tlon
Senior'
Senior*
First Semester
Graduate
Student
GPA
3.15
2L05
3.5
in UG
Advisor
J. Deeb
C. Ntuen
C. Ntuen
The three students work as a team on a project entitled: "The Development of Flight
Simulation Database Using Handling Quality Studies". An object-oriented database using
functional nets is used as an investigative tool. The paper has been submitted for
conference presented by the students.
E, PROGRAM IMPACT AND FINANCIAL REPORT
Project Impact Statement
.
.
3.
4.
,
Two African-American students mentored and encouraged in the senior
undergraduate year to consider graduate school. All two students will be full time
graduate students in Industrial Engineering beginning Spring 1993.
Two African-American students have been admitted to graduate program in
Industrial Engineering beginning Spring 1993 (one female and one male).
As a part of our pipeline recruitment process, two senior Industrial Engineering
students will join the research team in January of 1993.
There are 146 undergraduate students in the Department of Industrial Engineering
of which 124 students (or 85%) are African-American. The graduate program has
40 students, of which 36 students (or 90%) are African-American.
Enrollment prediction for the next five years in Industrial Engineering
UndergraduateYear Graduate Total
1993 146 40 (MSIE) 186
1994 lS0 40 (MSIE) 190
1995 155 45 (MSIE) 200
1996 155 SO (MSIE + PH.D) 205
1997
With tt
160 50 (MSIE + PH.D) 220
is growth prediction, it is expectedthat five full time fa :ulty
(teaching and research) and at least one research faculty will be needed.
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4.
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K/m, J.H., Yoon, S.H., Park, E.H. and Ntuen, C.A., Recognition of Partially Occluded
Threat Objects Using the Annealed Hopfield Network, Proc. of SPIE OF/Technology
Conference, Boston, Massachusetts: 15-20 Nov., 1992.
Brooks, T.D., and Kim, J.H., An Approach to Three.Dimensional Object Recognition
Usin I A Hybrid Hopfield Network, Submitted. IEEE Southeastcon '93, Charlotte,
N.C.
Knight, D.D. and Kim, J.H., Object Identification Using a Reconstructed Surface of
Concealed Object, Submitted, IEEE Southeastcon '93, Charlotte, N.C.
Ntuen, CA. Information Theoretic Models of Human-Machine Interaction,
Submitted. International Journal for Information Sciences.
Ntuen, C.A., Park, E.H., Deeb, J.M., Geiger, C., Mansfield, F_. and Winchester, W.
The Development of Flight Simulation, Database Using Handling Quality Studies,
Submitted, lSth Annual Conference on Computers and Industrial Engineering,
Cocoa Beach, FL, March 8-10, 1993.
Ntuen, C.A., A New Approach To Modeling Human Response Errors In Synthetic
Flight Simulator Domain, _;ubmitted, lSth Annual Conference on Computers and
Industrial Engineering, Cocoa Beach, FL, March 8-10, 1993.
Johnson, A_IL, Ntuen, C.A. and Park, E.H., An Experimental Study of Human
Interpretation of Computer Generated Image Data, Submittfd., lSth Intl. Conference
on Human.Computer Interaction/gth Japanese Symposium on Human Interface,
Orlando, FL, August 8.13, 1993.
$6
Area Finandal Report
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ITEMS
BUDGET FOR THE FIRST YEAR
ALIX)CATION ACTUAL EXPENSES _OF
SPENDING
1. Investigators' Salaries t $ 40,._0 $ 34,309 85 %
2. Secretary Salary $ 1,$00 $ 0 0 %
3. Student Assistanship z $ 7,_00 $ 4,473 60 %
4. Fringe Benefits 3 $ 10,800 $ 9,308 86%
5. Indirect Costs 4 $ 27,_25 $ 21,330 78%
6. Direct Costs
- Scientific Equipment s
- Lab/Office Supplies
Contracted Services 6
- Other Supplies
Travel Expenses 7
. Printing s
- Postage
Books/Journals 9
. Tuition/Scholarships to
$ 37,2ss
S _(,ss
$ 7.0oo
$ soo
$ 1,000
$ 6,000
$ 400
$ 2O0
$ 1,$00
$ 7.ooo
$ 30,362
$ 22,193
$ 852
$ 5O0
$ o
$ 4,to4
$ o
$ o
$ 9o3
$ 1,090
81%
95 %
43 %
I00 %
0%
68%
0%
0%
60%
$5%
TOTAL
NOTE: 1. Investigators' release times for this project are as follows:
- Dr. Celestine Ntuen (1 man-month)
- Dr. Joseph Deeb (3.625 man-months)
- Dr. Eui Park (0.43 man-month)
Dr. Jung Klm (1 man-month)
2. This project successfully motivated three Al_can-American students to pursue
their advanced degrees in Industrial Engineering. Ms. Erika Mansfield
started her graduate study in Fall of 1992. Both Mr. Woodrow Winchester
and Mr. Christopher Geiger are senior students and will join the Industrial
Engineering graduate program in Spring of 1993.
3. 24 % of Items 1 and 3, and 7.6_;% of Item 3.
4. 5$ % of Items 1, 2 and 3.
$. Four equipment are purchased as follows to implement this project.
- DT Image Grabber
- MATRIX, Simulation Software
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- SUN SPARCstation 10
- HP Laser Jet IIIP
This was used to build a pilot seat simulator.
All investigators visited NASA.Langley Research Center to discuss our research
direction and to collect research materials in May 1992. Drs. Nmen and Deeb
attended a workshop in June on "Fundamentals of Flight Simulation" organized by
MIT.
Library copy cards were purchased for necessary materials to be copied.
Necessary books to implement this project were purchased.
These funds were used to support tuition fees for Mr. Winchester and Mr. Geiger.
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Student Support ud Equipment Pin, based
STUD.ENT St PORT
Name SUMMER 1992 FALL 1992
Woodrow Winchester 20 hrs/wk 15 hrs/wk
Christopher Geiger 10 hrs/wk 15 hrs/wk
w iErika Mansfield 20 hrs/wk
EQUIPMENT PURCHASED
EQUIPMENT
DT Precision Frame
Grabber
PRICE
TOTAL
$ 2,661.00
MATRIX_ $ 1,054.70
i
SUN SPARCstation 10 $ 19,197.66
HP Laser Jet IIIP/DeskJet $ 1,534.00
$ 24,447.36
DELIVERY STATUS
June 1992
not yet
not yet
not yet
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wStudents and Faculty Profiles
Research Assistants' profde
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Citizenship
Erika Mansfield
Address M.Oor Clmsiflcmion GPA AdvisorResearch
Asslstanl
Woodrow Winchester U.S.A. 9L2 Fslrgreen I_L Industrial Senior* 3,L5 J. Deeb
Greensboro, NC 27410 _rln8
Christopher Gelser U.S.A. 40g.C Savannah St. Industrial Senior* 3.05 C. Ntuen
Greensboro, NC 274O6 Engineering
U.S.A. C. Ntueu2920-B Cottage Place
Greensboro, NC 27455
Graduate
Student
3.25
in UG
Industrial
V_Cn_rU_
Invesagators' Prome
_wam_r cmmuma_ Addmm= _*esrda _mun_.
Dr. Celestine Ntuen Nigeria 3101 Paddington Street Human-Machine Systems, Artificial
(Permanent Resident In U.S.A.) Greensboro, NC 27406 Intell_nce, & Reliability
Dr. EuJ Park U.S.A. t623 Helmwood Dr. Manufacturing Systems, Robotics, &
Greensboro, NC 27411 Quality Control
Dr. Joseph deeb U.S.A. 1715 Swannanoa Dr. Human Factor/Ergonomics, & Manual
Greensboro, NC 27410 Material Handling
Dr. Jung Klm U.S.A. S_nai Precessin& & Expert Systems
NOTE: *
2711 New garden I_L
Greensboro, NC 27408
They will be Ill the IE Graduate Prognun from the Spring semester of 1993.
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Flight simulator for hypersonic vehicle and a study of NASP handling qualities

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