Fraser, Roydon F.

Luvall, Jeffrey C.

Rickman, Doug

NASA Technical Reports Server

ThermalRemoteSensing
andtheThermodynamics
ofEcosystem
Development
JeffreyC.Luvall1,DougRickman1,and
RoydonF.Fraser2
1NASA,MarshallSpaceFlightCenter,Huntsville,AL
35812jluvall@nasa.gov
2UniversityofWaterloo,Waterloo,Ontario,Canada
N2L3G1
In Memory of James J. Kay 1954-
2004
https://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=20140010996 2019-08-31T19:28:03+00:00Z
Task done
High quality energy input
(electricity)
Light
Heat
Sound
HeatHeat
Degraded
energy
Image
Energy IN = Energy OUT Exergy IN »» Exergy OUT
BénardCells



Secondlawandecosystems
(H.T.Odumwasright!Ifmaximumworkprinciple
meansextractthemostavailableworkfromthe
energysource.)
Makeuseofasmuchoftheexergyaspossibleto
performtasks.Makethemosteffectiveuseofthe
energy.Win!
Whatisthethermodynamicgame?
Storeenergy
IncreaseBiomass
Inthermodynamics,theexergyofasystemisthemaximumwork
availablethroughanyprocessthatbringsthesysteminto
equilibriumwithaheatreservoir(environment).Exergyisthe
energyavailableforuse.









Quarry Clearcut Douglas Fir
Plantation
Natural
Forest
400 year old
Douglas Fir
Forest
T (oC) 50.7 51.8 29.9 29.4 24.7
Rn/K* (%) 62 65 85 86 90
Beta Index 12.9 6.3 34.4 17.2 130.7
TRN 168 406 1631 788 1549
BetaIndex: Spatialvariabilityinthesurfacetemperature
ThermalResponseNumber(TRN):Foragiveninputofenergyoveragiven
time,thechangeinsurfacetemperature.Temporalvariability.
Botharemeasuresofinertia,sobiggermeanslessvariability.

Nonequilibriumthermodynamic
hypothesesconcerningecosystem
development
• Exergyutilizationwillincrease
– Rn/K*willincrease
– Surfacetemperaturewilldecrease
• Internalequilibriumwillincrease
– Spatialvariationinsurfacetemperaturewill
decrease(Betaindexincreases)
– Temporalvariationinsurfacetemperaturewill
decrease(TRNincreases)

Luvall,J.C.andH.R.Holbo,1989Measurementofshorttermthermalresponsesof
coniferousforestcanopiesusingthermalscannerdata.RemoteSensingofEnvironment
27:110.
Holbo,H.R.andJ.C.Luvall,1989.Modelingsurfacetemperaturedistributionsinforest
landscapes.RemoteSensingofEnvironment27:1124.
Schneider,E.D,Kay,J.J.,1994,"LifeasaManifestationoftheSecondLawof
Thermodynamics",MathematicalandComputerModelling,Vol19,No.68,pp.2548.
Fraser,R.A.;Kay,J.J.,Quattrochi,D.A.;Luvall,J.C.,eds.,2004."ExergyAnalysisofEco
Systems:EstablishingaRolefortheThermalRemoteSensing",ThermalRemoteSensingin
LandSurfaceProcesses(Taylor&Francis).
Schneider,E.D.andD.Sagan.2005.IntotheCool EnergyFlow,Thermodynamics,and
Life,UniversityofChicagoPress.362pp.


Thermal Remote Sensing and the Thermodynamics of Ecosystem Development

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