General overview presentation of the four year campaign of the NASA Habitat Demonstration Unit used for analog testing of deep space missions

Gill, Tracy R.

Howe, Alan Scott

NASA Technical Reports Server

NASA  
HABITAT DEMONSTRATION UNIT (HDU) 
DEEP SPACE HABITAT ANALOG 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
A. Scott Howe, PhD, NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory 
Tracy R. Gill, NASA Kennedy Space Center 
https://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=20140013412 2019-08-31T17:08:46+00:00Z
2 
Habitat Demonstration Unit
• HDU Background Concept: 
– Constellation Lunar Architecture studies 
– Remote robotic assembly 
– Surface optimized pressure vessel 
– Horizontal expandability 
– Vertical expandability 
• Rapid Prototyping Development: 
– Analogs and testing 
– If you build it they will come (technology integration) 
• Selected Technologies and Subsystems 
• Lessons Learned 
3 
Remote Robotic Assembly
4 
‘Scenario 12.1’ End-state Outpost
Solar arrays 
 
Fuel cells and reactant 
tanks 
 
PEM excursion module 
 
Radiators: 
- PCM 24m2 
- PEM 5m2 
- PLM 5m2 
 
 
Inflatable airlock 
 
LER (4 x) 
 
 
 
PCM core module 
 
 
 
PLM logistics module 
5 
‘Scenario 12.1’ Highly Mobile Outpost
6 
AES DSH Multi-Year Multi-Gen Strategy
Gen-3 
 
Vac Chamber 
Launch Terminate Update Update Update Update 
v 1.0 v 2.0 v 3.0 v 4.0 v 5.0 
360-day Capable 
360-day ECLSS 
8.0 psi 
360-day Rad PEL 
360-day hab vol  
450-day Capable 
450-day ECLSS 
8.0 psi 
450-day Rad PEL 
450-day hab vol  
MPCV 
EM-3 
Robotic 
Lunar 
MPCV 
EM-4 
Crewed 
Lunar 
MPCV
EM-5 
Crewed 
Lunar 
365-day Capable
365-day ECLSS 
8.0 psi 
365-day Rad PEL 
365-day hab vol  
SDR PDR CDR SAR FRR 
180-day Capable 
180-day ECLSS 
14.7psi 
180-day Rad PEL 
180-day hab vol  
SDR PDR CDR SAR FRR 21-day Capable 
21-day ECLSS 
8.0 psi 
180-day Rad PEL 
21-day hab vol  
SDR PDR CDR SAR FRR 
21-day Capable 
21-day ECLSS 
14.7/10.2 psi 
90-day Rad PEL 
21-day hab vol 
SDR PDR CDR SAR FRR 
Svc 
 
E-M L2 
Svc msn 
 
E-S L2 
NEA 
 
150 d 
NEA 
 
150 d 
MPCV 
 
EM-2 
NEA msn 
 
180 d 
Mars 
 
Fly-by 
MPCV 
 
EM-1 
Gen-4 
 
ISS 
180-day Capable 
365-day ECLSS 
8.0 psi 
365-day Rad PEL 
180-day hab vol  
SDR PDR CDR SAR FRR 
Launch Update 
v 1.0 v 2.0 
Update 
Deep Space Vehicle 
 
Demonstrator 
ISS Derived Vehicle 
 
Demonstrator 
Gen-4 
 
ISS 
SLS-1 SLS-2 SLS-3 SLS SLS SLS ELV ELV ELV ELV ELV ELV 
Log Log Log Log Log 
7 
 Yearly Schedule: Semi-annual Integration 
   J          J          A          S         O         N         D        J          F         M        A        M       J            J         A           S         O       N 
Intgr Review 
Testbed Checkout, Systems Integration 
Testbed checkout.  
Systems Integration 
Dry Run 
Support 
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Intgr Review 
AES PP 
Delivery 
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Receive HAT  B/L Study 
CIF, OCT, 
AES infusion 
decisions 
Planning 
Meeting 
SDR 
SIR 
Quarterly Review Quarterly Review Quarterly Review 
FY11 Config Operations 
SDR PDR 
CDR 
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Progress Checkpoint #1 
Progress Checkpoint #2 
Final Build 
Integration at NASA (JSC, etc) 
FY13 X-Hab Scope 
X-Hab RFP 
FY13 X-Hab Project Selections 
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Build Hardware 
AES & OCT Participate in 
HDU System Integration 
Process 
Test Ready 
Review 
Project deployment (at universities) 
Integration at JSC 
AES PPBE 
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CIF, OCT, 
AES infusion 
decisions 
Define Assumptions, Functions, Rqmts 
Brainstorm, Concepts 
Trade Analysis 
Mockup Evaluations 
Mockup Design 
Mockup Build DSH Down-select 
Integrated Mission 
Test (D-RaTS, etc)
Integrated 
System Test 
Dry Run 
Support 
Dry Run 
Support 
Integrated 
Mission Test 
Test Ready 
Review 
SDR 
SIR 
8 
Microhab ISHM Analog D-RATS 2009
9 
Ring frame 
Cargo web walls 
Logistics CTBs 
stacked 
10 
Microhab Instrument Bulkhead
Ethernet Remote control 
power switcher 
 
Ethernet hub 
 
Mini PC 
 
Temperature monitors 
 
Voltage sensors 
 
CO2 / humidity monitor 
 
Light controller (behind) 
 
Power Supply Unit (PSU) 
rechargeable battery pack 
 
Tropos modem (behind) 
 
 
Package air conditioner 
(analog for ECLSS) 
 
 
LED light power supply 
11 
D-RATS 2011 Base Camp
Configurations: 
2010 Pressurized Excursion Module (HDU-PEM), Lunar surface destination 
2011 Deep Space Habitat (HDU-DSH), Near Earth Asteroid destination 
2012 Deep Space Habitat (HDU-DSH), Mission Operations Test 
12 
HDU-DSH Configuration
13 
HDU-DSH Configuration
U of W (FY11) X-HAB 
INFLATABLE LOFT 
 
 
 
Deployable Extra-
Vehicular Activity 
Ramp (DEVAR) 
 
 
 
LAB MODULE (FY10) 
 
HYGIENE MODULE 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
DUST MODULE (FY10) 
 
 
 
Power Interface Cart 
 
Ruggedized A/C Unit 
14 
DRaTS HDU-DSH Configuration
Lift upper hand railing 
 
Overhead stowage 
 
Atrium Plant Growth 
system 
 
Radial Internal Material 
Handling System (RIMS) 
 
Lift column 
 
Lift platform and  
lower hand railing 
X-HAB LOFT 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
DUST MODULE 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LAB MODULE 
 
HYGIENE 
MODULE 
15 
HDU Lab deck 
Dust Module 
16 
X-Hab Inflatable Loft 
Hygiene Module 
17 
HDU-DSH Technology & Innovations 
Demonstrations 
1. Inflatable Loft (X-Hab 2011) 
2. Logistics-to-Living  
3. Autonomous Ops:  
A. “Intelligent” Habitat System Management 
Software 
B. SHIELD & ACAWS 
4. iHab Digital Double (D2)
5. Power Generation & PM&D Systems  
6. Environmental Protection Technologies 
A. Dust Mitigation Technologies 
a. Electrodynamic Dust Screen to repel 
dust from surfaces 
b. Lotus Coating 
c. Vent Hood at the General Maintenance 
Workstation  
d. Operational Concept for End-to-End Dust 
Contamination Management  
e. Vacuum Cleaner 
B. Micrometeoroid Mitigation Technologies 
a. MMOD Hab Impact Monitoring System 
b. Flat Surface Damage Detection system 
C. Radiation 
a. Operational Demonstration of Cargo 
Transfer Bags to deployable blankets for 
Radiation Protection and ECLS water 
purification demo 
7. HDU Core Computing, Wireless 
Communication and RFID 
8. Standards-based Modular 
Instrumentation System: Wireless Sensor 
Nodes 
9. Geo-Science Lab Glovebox/Workstation 
10. Telerobotic Workstation 
11. General Maintenance/EVA Workstation 
12. Medical Ops/Life Science Workstation 
13. Partial-G Material Handling 
14. Food Production: Atrium concept 
15. LED Lighting 
16. 3-D Layered Damage Detection System 
for Surfaces 
17. Habitability / Habitation, Hygiene, Trash 
Management RFID 
18 
GeoLab 
Maint. 
W/S 
Med Ops 
W/S 
Tele-Robotics 
operations 
Docked Rover 
faces this way 
Docked Rover 
faces this way 
Hygiene 
Module 
Dust 
Mitigation 
Module 
A 
B 
C 
D 
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F 
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2 
3 
4 
HDU-DSH Plan Views
Geo-Science 
porch 
HDU-DSH  
Lift 
Lift 
Galley 
IV W/S 
Logistics 
& 
Stowage 
Wardrm / 
Meeting 
Crew 
Sleep Area 
Crew 
Sleep Area 
Crew 
Sleep Area 
Crew 
Sleep Area 
OPEN 
HDU-Deep Space Hab: 
HDU Core =            56.0 m^3 
X-Loft =                   69.9 m^3 
Airlock =                   8.6 m^3 
Hygiene Module =  14.1 m^3 
Total P. Volume =  148.1 m^3   
Exercise 
19 
Geo-Lab Workstation
 
Overhead axis camera – remote 
controllable locally and from 
ground crew 
 
 
Screen computers 
 
Microscope 
 
Cameras and other instruments 
through side ports 
 
 
 
Glove box with three sample 
pass through airlocks to the 
exterior 
 
 
 
Control box 
20 
Geo-Lab Glovebox
21 
Robotically-Assisted  
GeoScience Operations 
22 
TeleRobotics Work Station Early Design
23 Page 23 
Telerobotics Workstation Final Design
 
Shuttle middeck 
lockers 
 
8020 frame 
 
 
 
Monitors 
 
Main table deployed 
(Extended Type) 
 
 
 
 
 
CPU location (under 
construction) 
24 
General Maintenance Workstation
D-RATS 2010   D-RATS 2011  MOT 2012 
25 
Repair Work at Gen Maintenance W/S
26 
Dust Containment at General Maintenance W/S 
27 
Waste and Hygiene Module 
28 
29 
X-Loft Living Space
30 
X-Hab Loft Early Designs
Photo: James W. Young 
31 
X-Loft Final Design 
 
8020 frame 
 
CTB stowage loft 
 
 
 
Crew quarters bowed 
out around perimeter 
(notional only – need 
to work out tension 
and compression 
poles) 
 
 
Access ladder
 
 
Galley 
 
 
CTB rack 
32 
X-Loft Plan View 
Line of HDU below 
 
 
 
 
Access ladder 
 
Deployable table (folds 
up and out of the way) 
– space for all crew 
members to work/eat 
and watch projection 
 
CTB rack 
 
Access lift well
 
Projection area above 
 
Galley 
 
Emergency egress 
 
Avionics section C 
floor clear access 
33 
X-Loft Section View Showing Projection Surface 
Line of dome section 
 
Digital projector 
(virtual window, 
possible 4 bays) 
 
CTB stowage loft 
beyond 
 
Crew quarters bowed 
out around perimeter 
 
Access ladder 
 
Projection area 
 
Deployable table folds 
up and out of the way 
 
 
CTB rack 
 
Lift access well 
 
Line of HDU section 
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X-Loft Final Design (360 degree image)
 
Dome above 
 
 
 
 
Crew Quarters level 
 
 
 
 
Habitation level (under 
construction 
 
 
 
 
 
Deployable table 
deployed 
 
Deployable table 
stowed 
35 
X-Loft Galley / Wardroom
 Wardroom        Galley 
36 
X-Loft Crew Quarters
37 
Virtual Window Function: Remote Vehicle Piloting & Control 
A. Scott Howe PhD, Jet Propulsion Laboratory / California Institute of Technology 
Robert Howard, Nathan Moore, Michael Amoroso NASA Johnson Space Center 
38 
Virtual Window Crew Interaction 
Dome above 
 
Projection screens 
(back of crew quarters) 
 
Digital projectors 
(mounted low in this 
case – could be 
mounted above) 
 
Remote crew display 
 
 
 
 
X-Loft deck below
 
 
 
 
 
Interactive crew 
member 
39 
Radial Internal Material Handling System (RIMS)
Plant growth system 
(rests on top of RIMS 
inner track) 
 
Stowage system 
 
RIMS outer track 
 
Cross beam with hoist 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RIMS outer track 
 
Underside of fold-down 
stowage units 
 
RIMS inner track 
 
Cross beam with hoist 
40 
Radial Internal Material Handling System (RIMS)
RIMS outer track 
 
Stowage system 
 
Underside of plant 
growth system trays 
 
 
RIMS cross beam 
 
 
 
 
RIMS inner track 
 
 
 
Plant growth “Atrium”  
(illuminated by LED red / 
blue spectrum) 
 
Central cargo lift 
41 
RIMS System: a Radial Bridge Crane
Inner track 
 
 
 
Cross beam 
 
 
 
 
Outer track 
42 
 
Work frame 
 
 
 
HDU interior hatch 
 
 
Suit stand 
 
Pressure suit 
 
 
Dust control 
 
 
Egress hatch 
 
 
EVA equipment stowage 
EVA Innovations
43 
Folded membrane 
 
End bulkhead 
 
Middle bulkhead nested 
 
Suitport system stowed 
 
 
 
Mesh deck deployed 
 
 
Mesh deck folded 
 
Suitport panel in “Suitlock
Mode” 
 
 
 
 
Suitport panel opens up in 
“Large Volume Airlock 
Mode” 
 
Deployed membrane and 
pneumatic beams 
Suitlock: Conversion / Deployment
Outer Chamber Inner Chamber 
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Membrane inflatable 
 
 
 
Domed ends 
 
Suitlock in stowed 
configuration 
 
 
Deployable  
EVA porch 
 
 
EVA crane 
 
 
Suitlock in 
deployed 
configuration 
 
 
 
Expandable 
support cradle 
Top View 
Side View 
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2.3m (90”) 30” 21” 
2.2m (85”) 
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4” 4” 5.0m (196”) 
Suitlock: Overall Dimensions
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Folded ramp 
 
 
Winch frame 
 
Folding handrails 
 
Deck panel 
 
 
Ramp panel 
 
 
Deployable subframe with 
extendable legs to support 
its own weight 
DEVAP Requirements
• Interface with suitlock bulkhead structure 
• Manually deployable / stowable by two persons 
• Can be latched or unlatched by a person from ground level 
• Have lugs to permit lifting by crane by itself, or in tandem with suitlock 
• Gratings on deck to permit dust to fall freely to the ground beneath 
• Support a load of 100 lbs/sq ft on the Main Deck and Ramp 
46   
DEVAP Operational Prototype
• DEVAP shown with augmented dirt mount with wood blocks at base 
(left), and handrails partially deployed (right) 
47 
  
DEVAP Operational Prototype
• DEVAP shown during deployment / stow sequence 
48 
Lessons Learned
• Design is a cycle that 
includes build, integrate, 
test, evaluate, repeat 
• Build many versions 
• Six month cycle works 
very well to keep team 
excited and motivated 
• Keep things functional, but 
not expensive during 
design cycles (Home 
Depot effect) 
• Design to a mission, but 
consider multifunction for 
other scenarios as well 
• NASA is not a jobs 
program 
• Powerpoint engineering 
will get you nowhere 
• Never list requirements 
before you build !!!!  
• Build and test to find out 
what the requirements are 
• Put student interns in the 
critical path – they stretch 
to meet expectations 
• Don’t rush to flight – take 
time to get it right using 
many prototypes 
49 
The Team
D-RATS 2010 
Note: only part of team is shown 
50 
T  h  a  n  k     y  o  u 


NASA Habitat Demonstration Unit (HDU) Deep Space Habitat Analog

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