Minow, Joseph

Parker, Linda Neergaard

NASA Technical Reports Server

https://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=20150002626 2019-08-31T11:59:26+00:00Z

(Garrett and Minow, 2004)
????
k
kIAdt
dσ
dt
dVC
dt
dQ
• “Ion line” is due to the low energy (Eo) background ions 
accelerated to an additional energy (q φ) due to the 
spacecraft potential
E=Eo + q φ
[Thomson et al., 2013]
HOPE data courtesy of
http://www.rbsp-ect.lanl.gov/rbsp_ect.php
Extracted ion lines.

AB
Electrons
Protons
Charging Levels 
• Peak potentials exceed the mean of the charging events 
by an approximate order of magnitude or less 
• In general, more charging events occurred at times when 
ne > ni and when Ti > Te 
Maximum 
Mean 
... 
. 
• 
••• • 
••• 
. 
• 
• 
• 
•••• 
• 
•••• • •• ...... .. . .. 
.. .. 
...... ···· .... 
......• ······ . . .. ·... . . . 
••••••• • 
. ···· . . ...... .. . .... .....  . 
..... . .. . 
• 
• 
0 20 40 
• 
60 
3.0 
2:.5 1-
2:.0 -
.. 
~J • 
r::.' 
1.5- . . . . 
1.0 1-
0.5 1-
0.0 
0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 
-
-
-
-
3.0 
5 
"F 4 -
Potential > 1 
-
;:, Potential < 0.05 0 
:S 
-
3 - -c 
Cll 
> 41 
0 10.000 ~ 
c 2 - -
0 
.. .. 
~ 
:::1 
0 1 ... -
: 
~ 1.ooo r E 
Cll 
0 
c. 
0 ~ 
-"' 0.100 ~ <II 
Cll 
a.. 
0 2 3 4 5 6 
Kp at maximum 0.010 = 
0.001 
0 2 3 4 5 6 
Kp at peak of event 
Kp A B A’ B’ A/A’ B/B’ A+B/A'+B' 
0 3 3 506 512 0.006 0.006 0.006
1 6 7 329 327 0.018 0.021 0.02
2 9 5 206 196 0.044 0.026 0.035
3 7 6 104 95 0.067 0.063 0.065
4 4 8 32 34 0.125 0.235 0.185
5 1 1 11 16 0.091 0.063 0.074
6 0 0 2 2 0 0 0
7 0 0 1 2 0 0 0
5 ' 
., 
' 
' \ 
' 
' 
II> / f a: 
a 
I 
" >"' ' l ,..-l 
\\ ' ' ~ ' 
-5 ' 
' 
- ' 
' 
·1 0 
Summary 
• 63 candidate surface charging events in both RBSP-A and B 
• All events are in the outer radiation belt 
• Charging rates increase with KP 
• Most (55) are in sunlight, however 8 are in eclipse or partial 
eclipse condition 
• Minimum duration charging event -20 minutes 
• Maximum duration charging event -4 hours 
• Maximum potential- few kilovolts 
Neergaard Parker and Minow, AGU Fall2014 14 


Spacecraft Charging in Geostationary Transfer Orbit

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