Carrilo Garcier, M.

Popp, H. J.

Stützle, M.

Toma, D. M.

UPCommons. Portal del coneixement obert de la UPC

Instrumentation Viewpoint / 7 / Winter4tant parts was carried out, a suitable material for the body was chosen and a calculation for improving floatability was carried out.VII. CONCLUSIONThe base for an AMB was constructed. According to the power supply detailed research for suitable solutions was carried out. Supplying an autonomous buoy with independent power supply is not a common task and needs a lot of ad-ditional knowledge. Special, maintenance free, reliable and long term compo-nents had to be found or to be developed. The solution with the fixed converters and the parts which can be turned off keeps the design easy and saves energy. When the needs of the sensors and auxiliary circuits finally will be defined, it can be adapted easily with other components.Transmitting data via IRIDIUM connection is a good  solution for this applica-tion. The data volume collected by the buoy does not demand high transmis-sion velocity and therefore the SBD satisfies the needs. With this type of com-munication setup additional data as the position and the precise time can be obtained with one device. The modem can be controlled with the μC through RS232 connection. Further developing includes addition of a memory to buffer data. Then the iridium modem can be put into sleep mode and this would help to save energy.The plug and play sensor network makes it easy to add new sensors. The board for the bus connection can be expanded because it uses RJ45 connectors which provides power supply for every sensor and mixed mode interface. The number of sensors is just limited by the analogue inputs of the μC and the size of the SBD message. With the CAD 5 connectors a widely used connection was created. To improve the operation of the sensor network all the resources of the Subsea sensor should be used as for example getting the sound velocity and real time and date.Data monitoring with LabView was enabled. The relevant data can be extracted AUTONOMOUS METEOROLOGICAL BUOYEscola Politècnica Superior d’Enginyeria de Vilanova i la Geltrú. Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya . Department of Electronic Engineering.  Avda. Victor Balaguer s/n. 08800 Vilanova i la Geltrú. Barcelona. Spain.  Abstract—The project has the aim of developing an autonomous meteorological buoy for an operation in the Mediterranean Sea. It is supposed to acquire weather and sea related data and transmit it to a base station on land for further processing and analyzing. Due to the autonomous work special requirements on the equip-ment are necessary. The problems with the energy supply, the communication to the base station and the handling of the measurements have to be solved. Also a robust, floating and reliable mechanical design has to be set up to provide enough space and correct operation of the equipment. Finally the operation has to be en-sured through long term testing and further improvements. Keywords— Autonomous; Buoy; E8 debugger; High performance Embedded Workshop; IEEE 1451.4; Iridium Connection; LabView Interface; Meteorological; Micro Controller; Photovoltaic Power Supply; Smart Sensor NetworkI. INTRODUCTIONThis document describes the process and the necessary steps for developing an Autonomous Meteorological Buoy for the coastal operation in the area of “Costa Brava”. The buoy will store different meteorological and sea related data and send it to a base station. To provide this function a smart sensor network is built based on the IEEE 1451.4 standard and RENESES 16 Bit Micro Controller. For the communication the Short Burst Data Service of IRIDIUM is used. This is an easy and reliable way for transmitting data all over the world. The power supply is realized through an autonomous photovoltaic system with storage unit and converters to achieve the required voltage levels. The user interface is designed to work on a personal computer with LabView. The data will be prepared and shown.II. POWER SUPPLYThe buoy is powered by a photovoltaic system with a storage device to provide energy even during periods without sunlight. A charge controller handles the power provided from the panels and charges a maintenance-freeLead-Acid battery, which can supply power to the system for approximately five days without sunlight. Further high efficient DC-DC switching converters main-tain correct and stable voltage levels for the components. To improve efficiency, components which are not  in use can be switched off by the Micro controller or controlling circuits.III. SMART SENSOR NETWORKPlug and Play sensors, which meet IEEE 1451.4 standard, are used to process the marine meteorological parameters such as wind, air temperature, air pressure, water temperature, pressure and salinity. The number of meteorological param-eters, sensor types, and rate of measurements can be adjusted, depending on the customer requirements.IV. COMMUNICATIONAn iridium communication system is used to transmit the data collected by the sensors to the shore. This system guarantees the safe transmission of Short Burst Data (SBD) proto.V. USER INTERFACEIt is based on LabView which provides data monitoring. Data is extracted and sent by email through a communication system. Parameters such as wind speed and direction, temperature, etc. will be displayed. Further data can be saved and monitored in diagrams to carry out long term research of parameters.VI. MECHANICAL DESIGNA buoy was designed to hold all the equipment and sensors. Important consid-erations for its construction were the placing and dimensions of the solar panels in order to provide sufficient space for the electrical equipment and ensuring floatability and long term durability. A technical drawing with the most impor-Carrilo Garcier M., Popp H. J., Toma D. M., Stützle M.Instrumentation Viewpoint / 7 / Winter 5from the Email which is prepared and displayed. One of the biggest advantages of LabView is that existing setups can be enlarged by other functions without requiring changes on the rest. When all types and amounts of measurements are fixed the interface should be adapted.An evaluation of different buoy designs with similar purpose as AMB was done. After a first draft the design was adapted to the size and requirements of the equipment. Floating calculations were carried out and different kinds of moor-ing possibilities were figured out. Solutions for the buoy materials, colors and placement of the components are shown. Based on the acquired data and the drafts, the real buoy can be designed when it is clear which equipment is going to be used. As already mentioned in the project proposal there is no physical working buoy. With the realized work and the documents found, big steps in setting up an AMB were made. VIII. APPENDIXAppendixes, if needed, appear before the acknowledgment.IX. ACKNOWLEDGMENTThe project group of AMB wants to thank the staff members of the UPC Vilanova i la Geltru. Special thanks to our supervisors Mr. Del Rio and Mr. Andrada for their support, patience and  invested time. Furthermore we want to thank the mem-bers of the International department and Mr.Segalàs who made all this possible.REFERENCES[1]    IEEE Std 1451.4, 2004, IEEE Standard for A Smart Transducer        Interface for Sensors and Actuators—Mixed-Mode Communication         Protocols and Transducer Electronic Data Sheet (TEDS) Formats;[2]   National instruments, 06.09.2006, NI Developer Zone, IEEE 1451.4         Sensor Templates Overview, Retrieved        10.04.2008;http://zone.ni.com/devzone/cda/tut/p/id/3468;[3]   RSKM32C87 Product Documentation, Group Hardware Manual;[4]   National Instruments, 06.09.2006, NI Developer Zone, LabVIEW         PDA Module Examples for Reading and Writing TEDS, Retrieved         11.04.2008; http://zone.ni.com/devzone/cda/epd/p/id/3885;[5]   MAXIM, 30.05.2007, Products, Interface and Interconnection,        MAX3222-MAX3241, Retrieved 11.04.2008;          http://datasheets.maximic.com/en/ds/MAX3222-MAX3241.pdf;[6]   Daycounter, 10.06.2004, Calculators, Steinhart-Hart Thermistor-        Calculator, Retrieved 21.06.2008,         http://www.daycounter.com/Calculators/Steinhart-Hart-Thermistor-         Calculator.phtml;[7]    Sea-Bird Electronics, Inc., 14.16.2007, SBE 37-SMP MicroCAT        UserManual Version 007;[8]   Iridium, 28.2.2006, ISU AT Command Reference Version 2.4[9]   Buchmann, I. (2001). Batteries in a Portable World. Richmond, USA:        Cadex Electronics Inc.[10] Secondary Batteries, (21. 04 2008), HowStuffWorks, Retrived 22. 04        2008, http://www.howstuffworks.com[11] Chew, G., Pelaccio, D. G., & Johnson, D, (2002), Study of Power        System Upgrades for NDBC Buoy,. USA, IEEE[12] Cortés Crespo, J, (2008), Oferta Tecnica Axis WK, Spain, AXYS       Technologies Inc.[13] Hernándes Gonzalvez, C., Martínez Ruiz, I., & others, (1995),       Energía solar fotovoltaica, Madrid, IDAE[14] Komp, R. J., (2002), Practical Photovoltaic, Michigan, USA, aatec        publications.[15] Whenham, S. R., Green, M. A., Watt, M. E., & Corkish, R., (2007),        Applied Photovoltaics. Cornwall, U.K. Eartscan[16] Boyle, G.; (1996), Renewable Energy, U.K., Oxford University Press[17] Wikipedia Online, The free encyclopedia 15.3.2008         http://en.wikipedia.org[18] Seawatch Buoy, Fugro GEOS Company Product Documentation[19] Wavescan Buoy, Fugro GEOS Company, Product Documentation[20] OCEANOR SEAWATCH Mini II Buoy, Fugro GEOS Company,        Product Documentation[21] Drawing and Calculations made with SolidWorks 2006 SP 0.0[22] Iridium Antenna NAL Research SAF 4070-IG with GPS, Receiver

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