The project will focus on quarantine treatments for tuber, rhizon and seedlings. Theseplant parts may carry plant-parasitic nematodes and cause rapid dispersal ofquarantined nematodes. Using Radopholus similes, Meloidogyne spp. and groundAphelenchoides besseyi and the hosts of these nematodes as models to develop precisequarantine treatments procedures.Residue of methyl bromide may persist in fumigated vegetables and fruits and furtherreacts with other material in the vegetables and fruits to form new bromide compounds,which might be toxic to consumers. This study will develop an analysis technique ofinorganic bromide in vegetables and fruits after fumigated with methyl bromide analysisin fumigated vegetables and fruits.In this study, we determined whether cold treatment could be development that wouldprovide quarantine security without damage by disinfesting orange and pitaya of fruitfly, and established an exported quarantine processing.In order to face the challenge of fruits importing often join the WTO, this project aimson developing techniques for elimination of oriental fruit fly(Bactrocera dorsalisHendel)in mango fruits, to meet demands of certification and quarantine treatmentsfor export. Four treatments will be tested for fruit fly infested in mango. The fruitsprepared for the experiments would be treated by cold, vapor heat, fumigation andcomplex treatments. Based on the result of the preliminary, small scale and large scaleconfirmatory disinfestations tests, the optimum condition would be find to treat, mangofor export marketing.The aim of this project is to examine if gamma-irradiation can be used as an alternativedisinfestation method for quarantine treatment. The work of this year study includes:First, to examine the optimal irradiation dosages for the eradication of eggs and variousstages of larvae of the oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel), respectively;Second, to investigate the tolerance of sugar apples to the irradiation treatments; Third,to evaluate the efficacy of combination of irradiation treatment with cold storagetreatment to disinfest sugar apples. We expect to establish an optimal standard operationprocedure for quarantine treatment of sugar apples to eradicate B. dorsalis by the end ofthe project. These data can contribute to evaluate if gamma-irradiation is a suitablealterative to methyl bromide for quarantine treatment.The project of this study is to investigation the inhibitory action and effectiveconcentration of chlorine dioxide to plant pathogenic bacteria, and their restrictedconditions when application to plant, whether or not caused medical injury to test plant.Furthermore, we will evaluation the efficiency of chlorine dioxide on diseasecontrol.Improvement of Quarantine Treatments for the exportation of AtemoyaThe propose of this project is to develop the suitable quarantine treatments for theexportation of Atemoya. The major practices include:(a) Test the feasibility of lowtemperature treatment for keeping fruits fresh and fruit fly extinction(b) Develop lowtemperatures and inert gas complex treatments for the quarantine of fruit fly(c) Collectthe production management and pest control information about Atemoya. Differentcomponents of air/inert gas will be test with the suitable low temperature. The effects ofcontrol fruit fly and evaluation of fruit qualities will also be conducted this year.The hatching rate in tested wax- apple of difference density were 30, 60 and 90 eggsof orient fruit fly Bactrocera dorsalis Hendel in each tested pear were about 89.3, 90.0and 89.9﹪, no significant difference was found on the three difference density at roomtemperature(25℃). In the tolerant test of cold(0-1℃), the third larvae stage is mostcold tolerant stage. The eggs stop hatching, the mortality of 1st and 2nd larvae were100% on 5 day, and 3rd larvae was 100% on 7 day respectively. In the controlledatmospheres test , the eggs stop hatching at 0 and 25 ℃, no significant difference wasfound on the quality of tested wax- apple treated with controlled atmospheres, but theweight were depressed on the tested wax- apple.1. 開發番茄外銷檢疫處理技術(中興大學謝慶昌)：建立番茄殺蟲檢疫技術。 2. 輻射照射做為蓮霧檢疫處理以防治東方果實蠅之測試與評估(中興大學路光暉)：針對蓮霧為試驗對象，測試以輻射照射檢疫處理防除寄生於果中之東方果實蠅中所需的照射劑量，並觀察鮮果本身對輻射照射處理的感受性，探討是否可藉由適當地照射處理，同時達到符合殺蟲之檢疫處理規定及維持水果的品質，以達推展蓮霧外銷之目的。針對蓮霧進行下列試驗： (1) 建立野生東方果實蠅蟲群與測試其對輻射照射處理的感受性。 (2) 輻射處理對蓮霧內東方果實蠅之影響。 (3) 測試蓮霧對輻射照射的感受性。 (4) 測試輻射照射處理與低溫冷藏處理共同運用的殺蟲效果與對蓮霧的影響。期能藉由本研究尋求建立輻射照設檢疫處理蓮霧，同時達到殺蟲與維持水果品質的最佳方法。 3. 蓮霧燻蒸殺蟲檢疫處理試驗(中興大學杜武俊)： (1) 探討磷化氫配合溴化甲烷之燻蒸殺蟲試驗之影響。 (2) 探討磷化氫燻蒸後進行冷藏試驗之影響。 (3) 探討磷化氫燻蒸對蓮霧品質之影響。 (4) 蓮霧燻蒸後之殘留檢測之探討。 (5) 進行東方果實蠅於蓮霧果實內之小規模殺蟲試驗。 (6) 進行東方果實蠅於蓮霧果實內之大規模殺蟲試驗。 (7) 磷化氫與溴化甲烷混合燻蒸處理水果可行性評估。 4. 鳳梨釋迦溫湯冷藏殺蟲複合處理改良技術開發(屏東科技大學張念台)：以不同溫度與時間之組合處理鳳梨釋迦內東方果實蠅，開發溫湯冷藏檢疫殺蟲技術及處理後鳳梨釋迦之品評測試。 5. 開發外銷日陞品系木瓜檢疫滅蟲處理技術(中興大學葉文斌)：進行小規模、大規模殺蟲試驗及果實品質障害試驗，完成木瓜檢疫處理整體技術之評估。 6. 開發外銷芒果及網紋香瓜檢疫處理技術(中興大學胡澤寬)：本年度並進行”網紋香瓜品種之篩選”，主要就目前市場上品種進行接蟲及蒸熱障害先期試驗，俾利篩選出日後可供外銷之品種。 7. 蓮霧外銷檢疫處理技術之開發及處理後品質影響評估(屏東科技大學梁文進)： (1) 檢討蓮霧減氧檢疫處理對東方果實蠅殺蟲及處理後蓮霧品質影響。 (2) 開發蓮霧東方果實蠅檢疫有效技術。 (3) 評估蓮霧各項檢疫處理後之品質影響。 8. 高效能檢疫處理技術之開發-二氧化氯在植物病原細菌防治上之運用(屏東科技大學趙永椿)：本年度將進一步探討二氧化氯處理對田間Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris自然感染之甘藍種子及Acidovorax avenae subsp. citrulli自然感染西瓜種子之殺菌效果及對種子發芽及幼苗病害抑制之影響。另將探討單一劑型二氧化氯之導電度、氧化還原電位及pH之變化與A,B劑處理後對種子發芽及幼苗生長之影響。 (1) 二氧化氯處理自然感染之甘藍及西瓜種子對種子發芽之影響及幼苗病害抑制之效果。 (2) 單劑二氧化氯之抑菌效果衰退性探討。 (3) 二氧化氯A,B劑處理後對種子發芽及幼苗生長之影響。 (4) 二氧化氯處理文旦及白柚果實對X. axonopodis pv. citri之之殺菌效果評估。 9. 經濟作物繁殖體檢疫線蟲處理技術之開發(中興大學蔡東纂)： (1) 調查本省主要經濟作物及繁殖體感染禁止輸入及有條件輸入規定檢疫類線蟲之情形。 (2) 線蟲接種源之繁殖。 (3) 測試溫水處理、藥劑處理及乾熱處理之殺蟲效果
