農業用微生物製劑常使用各種添加劑以達更好的效果。本研究的目的即在於探討添加胺基酸及腐植酸對溶磷菌之溶磷作用的影響。本研究於接種溶磷菌Pseudomonas cepacia Al-74之液體鈣磷培養基中添加不同濃度的麩胺醯胺、甲硫胺酸及腐植酸後觀察其 pH值、菌數及水溶性磷含量。並以高效能液態層析法 ( high-performance liquid chromatography，簡稱 HPLC ) 分析菌液中麩胺醯胺及甲硫胺酸各100 mg L-1的代謝情形，同時，利用生物分析法分析添加麩胺醯胺、甲硫胺酸及腐植酸對萵苣發芽種子的影響。結果顯示，添加胺基酸及腐植酸不影響溶磷菌之菌數，但溶磷量明顯減少尤其以添加 0.1 mg L-1 麩胺醯胺 30 小時後之的處理溶磷量較不添加處理減少 32% ( 220 mg L-1 )。三種添加物的處理抑制萵苣胚根生長，而胚莖生長則不受影響。由 HPLC 分析可知，Al-74 菌株在10小時時即將麩胺醯胺消耗完畢，並在 20 小時時產生70 mg L-1之麩胺醯胺。甲硫胺酸在20小時時也被 Al-74 菌株完全利用。上述結果顯示，Al-74 菌株可代謝胺基酸，但是三種物質抑制溶磷菌的溶磷能力。The additives are usually added into agricultural biological products to achieve better effectiveness. The goal of this study was to investigate the additive effects on phosphate-solubilizing ability of the phosphate-solubilizing bacteria, Pseudomonas cepacia Al-74. We observed changes of pH, colony formation units, and the concentration of water solubilizing phosphate after adding different concentrations of glutamine, methionine, and humic acid in liquid calcium-phosphate medium which inoculated with Pseudomonas cepacia Al-74. High-performance liquid chromatography ( HPLC ) was been using in analyzing the metabolism of glutamine and methionine. Meanwhile, the effect of the addition of glutamine and methionine on the seed germination of lettuce was checked by bioassay. The result showed that the addition of amino acids and humic acid did not change the colony formation units of the bacteria, but decreased the amount of water-solubilizing phosphate in the medium to the extent of 32% (220 mg L-1). All treatments suppress the growth of epicotyl but have no significant effect on the growth of radicle. Strain Al-74 consumed glutamine within 10 hours but after 20 hours, it secreted 70 mg L-1 of it. Methionine was almost metabolized in 20 hours. In conclusion, strain Al-74 metabolizes glutamine and methionine, but glutamine, methionine and humic acid repress the phosphate-solubilizing abilities of Pseudomonas cepacia Al-74.摘要------------------------------------------------------Ⅰ
Abstract--------------------------------------------------Ⅱ
目錄------------------------------------------------------Ⅲ
表次------------------------------------------------------Ⅴ
圖次------------------------------------------------------Ⅵ
前言------------------------------------------------------- 1
前人研究--------------------------------------------------- 3
一、胺基酸的性質----------------------------------------- 3
二、胺基酸的合成代謝------------------------------------- 4
三、胺基酸與土壤微生物的關係---------------------------- 10
四、腐植酸的特性與功能-----------------------------------10
五、腐植質的功能-----------------------------------------15
六、腐植質促進生物生長的研究-----------------------------17
七、植物生長調節劑---------------------------------------18
八、土壤中無機磷的型態及其重要性------------------------19
九、溶磷微生物的介紹-------------------------------------20
材料與方法------------------------------------------------ 21
一、Al-74 菌株於72小時生長曲線測定----------------------21
二、Al-74 菌株在不同種類胺基酸與腐植酸處理下菌液 pH 與水 溶性磷濃度的變化----------------------------------- 21
三、Al-74菌株在不同濃度麩胺醯胺甲硫胺酸和腐植酸處理下之菌液------------------------------------------------24
四、生物分析---------------------------------------------24
五、Al-74 對麩胺醯胺及甲硫胺酸之代謝--------------------- 25
結果與討論------------------------------------------------ 27
一、Al-74 菌株在不同種類胺基酸與腐植酸處理下之菌液 pH 水溶性磷濃度的變化--------------------------------------27
二、Al-74 菌株在不同濃度麩胺醯胺、甲硫胺酸和腐植酸處理下之菌液 pH、活菌數與水溶性磷濃度的變化------------------31
三、生物分析---------------------------------------------41
四、溶磷菌的麩胺醯胺及甲硫胺酸之代謝--------------------45
結論------------------------------------------------------ 4
