目的分析厦门地区流感嗜血菌和卡他布兰汉菌的临床特征及其耐药性,为临床治疗提供依据。方法对2008年1月-2012年12月分离580株流感嗜血菌和185株卡他布兰汉菌进行分析,细菌鉴定采用VITEk-2COMPACT全自动分析系统,药敏检测采用ATbTM HAEMO药敏条,β-内酰胺酶检测采用CEfInASE纸片,数据采用WHOnET 5.6软件进行分析。结果流感嗜血菌与卡他布兰汉菌主要来自儿科住院患儿,以≤4岁儿童为主,流感嗜血菌和卡他布兰汉菌的高发季节分别为春季和冬季;流感嗜血菌产β-内酰胺酶率为47.1%、流感嗜血菌对氨苄西林耐药率高达52.1%,对头孢克洛、磺胺甲噁唑/甲氧苄啶、四环素耐药率≥15.0%;流感嗜血菌的产β-内酰胺酶菌株和非产β-内酰胺酶菌株均对环丙沙星、左氧氟沙星、头孢噻肟、阿莫西林/克拉维酸的敏感率≥80.0%;卡他布兰汉菌产β-内酰胺酶率为52.9%,对氨苄西林耐药率为10.8%,其对阿莫西林/克拉维酸、氯霉素、头孢呋辛、头孢噻肟、利福平、头孢克洛、左氧氟沙星、四环素、磺胺甲噁唑/甲氧苄啶的耐药率均≤5.0%。结论流感嗜血菌和卡他布兰汉菌主要来自儿科患儿,检出率受季节变化影响;其对氨苄西林的耐药率较高;流感嗜血菌有较高的β-内酰胺酶检出率,但对临床常用药物阿莫西林/克拉维酸、四环素的敏感性较高。OBJECTIVE To observe the clinical characteristics of Haemophilus influenzae and Branhamaceae catarrhali infections in Xiamen area and analyze the drug resistance so as to provide guidance for clinical treatment.METHODS Totally 580 strains of H.influenzae and 185 strains of B.catarrhali that were isolated from Jan 2008 to Dec 2012 were analyzed,then the bacterial identification was performed by using VITEK-2Compact automatic analyzer,the drug susceptibility testing was performed with the use of ATBTM HAEMO reagent,theβ-lactamase was detected by using Cefinase disk,and the data were statistically analyzed by means of WHONET 5.6software.RESULTS The H.influenzae and B.catarrhali strains were mainly isolated from the hospitalized children in pediatrics department,and the children aged no more than 4years were the major population;H.influenzae and B.catarrhali strains were prevalent in spring and winter.The isolation rate of theβ-lactamase-producing H.influenzae was 47.1%,the drug resistance rate of the H.influenzae to ampicillin was 52.1%,and the drug resistance rates to cefaclor,trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole,and tetracycline were 15.0% or above;the drug susceptibility rates of both theβ-lactamase-producing H.influenzae strains and the non-β-lactamase-producing H.influenzae strains to ciprofloxacin,levofloxacin,cefotaxime,and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid were no less than80.0%.The isolation rate of theβ-lactamase-producing B.catarrhali strains was 52.9%,the drug resistance rate to ampicillin was 10.8%,and the drug resistance rates to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid,chloramphenicol,cefuroxime,cefotaxime,rifampin,cefaclor,levofloxacin,tetracycline,and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole were no more than 5.0%.CONCLUSIONThe H.influenzae and B.catarrhali strains are mainly isolated from the children in pediatrics department,of which the isolation rate are influenced by the season;the drug resistance rates of the strains to ampicillin are high.The isolation rate of theβ-lactamase-producing H.influenzae strains is high,but the strains are highly susceptible to the commonly used antibiotics such as amoxicillin-clavulanic acid and tetracycline.国家自然科学基金资助项目(81000762); 福建省自然科学基金资助项目(2010D018); 福建省卫生厅青年基金资助项目(2010-2-90
