2011年3月9日—5月19日,以厦门海域采集的野生个体和实验室繁育的日本文昌鱼成体为亲本,尝试性地建立了全同胞家系;采用温度和光照诱导的方法,对雌、雄亲本进行人工催产,获得了34对亲本的全同胞家系受精卵。在家系培育过程中发现致使胚胎和仔鱼死亡的几种主要原因,以及日本文昌鱼早期发育的两种模式。通过加强养护管理,提高仔鱼存活率,缩短幼体变态所需时间,最终建立了7个完成变态的全同胞家系。在这些家系中,从受精卵到完成变态后不久的亚成体存活率最高为32.4%,最低为1.67%,而变态最快历时24 d,最慢历时42 d。虽然在全同胞家系建立过程中,幼体死亡率高,家系间的胚胎和幼体生长发育状况差异大,但实验结果表明日本文昌鱼全同胞家系建立完全可行,为其优良品系选育建立了基础。One general requirement of individual laboratory animals is that they have known genetic backgrounds.However, ensuring such genetic similarity is difficult, and can be facilitated by breeding a full strain for experimentation.To this end, the authors bred 34full-sib families of amphioxus larvae/embryos.Due to the high mortality of the embryos and larvae, only seven full-sib families of juvenile amphioxus Branchiostoma japonicum were obtained.Among them, the highest and lowest survival ratios were 32.4% and1.67%, respectively, whereas the shortest metamorphosis and longest larva duration were 24 d and 42 d, respectively.These results demonstrate the feasibility of establishing full-sib families of amphioxus, and provide fundamental data needed for the future breeding of amphioxus strains.国家高技术研究发展计划(“863”)项目(2008AA092602); 国家自然科学基金项目(30830023); 深圳市科技研发资金项目(JSF201006290026A
