通过对2007年10月—2008年4月经停厦门港的不同航线9条国际船舶29个压舱水中有色溶解有机物(CdOM)的三维荧光光谱和吸收光谱分析,探讨了利用CdOM光谱参数检验进出我国港口的国际船舶是否进行了远洋压舱水交换(bWE)国际公约规定的可行性。利用平行因子分析(PArAfAC)对三维荧光光谱进行解谱,共鉴别出压舱水CdOM具有2个类腐殖质及2个类蛋白质荧光组分,其中长波类腐殖质组分C2(250,345/458 nM)可作为判断压舱水是否进行bWE的合适指标。压载舱中各荧光组分垂直分布基本均匀。利用C2组分结合吸收光谱斜率比值Sr、盐度等指标,对上述船舶是否进行bWE作出了准确判断。研究结果表明,3类指标的综合应用将能更有效地对国际船舶是否进行bWE进行可靠的检验,对今后在厦门港乃至国内其他港口开展压舱水水源的快速检测提供了技术支撑。Fluorescence excitation-emission matrix(EEM) and absorption spectroscopy were applied to study the optical properties of 29 CDOM samples collected from different ballast tanks of nine international route vessels anchored in Xiamen Port between October 2007 and April 2008.The purpose was to examine the feasibility of these spectral properties as a tracer to verify if these vessels follow the mid-ocean ballast water exchange(BWE) regulation.Using parallel factor analysis,four fluorescent components were identified,including two humic-like components(C1: 245,300/386 nm;C2: 250,345/458 nm) and two protein-like components(C3: 220,275/306 nm;C4: 235,290/345 nm),of which C2 component was the suitable fluorescence verification indicator.The vertical distribution of all fluorescent components in ballast tank was nearly similar indicating that profile-mixing sampling was preferable.Combined use of C2 component,spectral slope ratio(SR) of absorption spectroscopy and salinity may provide reasonable verification if BWE carried out by these nine ships.The results suggested that the combined use of multiple parameters(fluorescence,absorption and salinity) would be much reliable to determine the origin of ballast water,and to provide the technical guarantee for fast examination of ballast water exchange in Chinese ports.国家自然科学基金项目(40306018;40776041;40676046);新世纪优秀人才支持计划项目和国家科技支撑项目(2006BAC11B04);国家(863计划)项目(2007AA091744);国家海洋局青年海洋科学基金项目(2009103)资
