为了解水下强噪声对大黄鱼的影响,结合行为学方法开展了3个年龄的大黄鱼声刺激实验.结果发现:3个年龄的大黄鱼在水中声压约10 PA时均能对声波发生条件反应,但是,它们的声波敏感频率和直接致死的声压阈值差异较大;1个月幼苗和8个月小鱼的声波敏感频率分别为800 Hz和600 Hz,直接致死的声压阈值约为40 PA和4 kPA.13个月大鱼的声波敏感频率也在600 Hz,但当声压达到4 kPA时,鱼群受惊吓明显,且未能直接致死.另外,这些曾经暴露在强声波中的各年龄段的大黄鱼在随后48 H里较多出现相继死亡的现象.表明这些长时间暴露在水下噪声中的大黄鱼可能会因累积效应引起行为模式改变和间接致死等慢性危害.An experiment of hearing sensitive test for 3 different ages of large yellow croaker( Pseudosciaenacrocea) was carried out for behavioral observation to understand the impact of injury levels by underwater strong noise.The results showed that all 3 age fish generated condition response when the underwater sound pressure reached approximately 10 Pa.However,their hearing threshold and acoustic sensitive frequency were significantly different.The hearing thresholds of direct mortality for 1-month seedling and 8-month fish were 40 Pa and 4 kPa respectively.Similarly,the acoustic sensitive frequencies were 800 Hz and 600 Hz.For 13-month fish,despite its acoustic sensitive frequency at 600 Hz,no direct mortalities but significantly frightened were found when the sound pressure climbed to 4 kPa.Additionally,the fishes exposed by strong sound pulses in the experiment tend to die-offs in 48 hours.The analysis show that the fishes exposure long to underwater sound pulses may have cause cumulative effects of behavior pattern change and indirect chronic hazards when noise persisted.国家海洋局第三海洋研究所基本科研业务费专项资助项目(海三科2012022); 国家海洋公益性行业科研专项资助项目(201105011-3
