硅作为地球上储量丰富的材料,因为其具有较高的理论比容量和较低的电压平台而成为最有前途的锂离子电池负极材料.但是,硅负极材料具有较大的体积膨胀效应、低电导率、循环性能差等特点,成为阻碍其商业化的最大障碍.研究者们采取了各种方法来克服这些困难.本文总结了近期硅基负极材料通过纳米化、复合化、结构特殊化等方法来提高电池性能的最新进展,并展望硅基负极材料的发展方向.Silicon materials are attractive candidates for the next generation of lithium-ion batteries due to their high capacity, low operation potential, high abundance in the world.The main challenges for the practical implementation of silicon anodes, however, are the huge volume variation during lithiation and delithiation process and the low cycle life.Recently, significant works have been done to overcome the problems.Here, the research progresses in the silicon based anode materials for Li-ion batteries are reviewed; the problems and prospects for these materials are also discussed.国家自然科学基金项目(61176050
