基于开阔海域围填海的特殊性,已有的水质影响评价定量方法较难直接应用。本文通过水动力因子分析确定污染物扩散条件,根据水质现状、围填面积和规划利用方式确定水质压力。基于上述污染物扩散条件和水质压力参数,以水质影响程度等级作为评价结果,设计了半定量评价矩阵对福建省湾外围填海规划的10个围填区进行了水质影响评价。评价结果表明:其中有1个围填区水质影响程度较大,其余围填区水质影响程度均在中等以下。此外,水质影响程度评价结果可同时为湾外围填海规划决策者提供相应的决策依据。案例应用表明:该半定量方法可以推广应用于决策型的、影响机制复杂、不确定性较强的人类活动的水质影响评价。The marine reclamation is one of the major kinds of coastal projects,which may cause the negative impacts on water quality.Due to the particularity of reclamation in open-sea,the existing quantitative methods of water-quality impact assessment are inapplicable.In this study,an assessing matrix based on the pollutant diffusion condition and water quality pressure was developed to predict the water-quality impacts of 10 reclamation blocks in the planning of reclamation outside bays in Fujian Province.In which,the diffusing condition of pollutants is determined by the hydrodynamic analysis,and the pressure on water quality is determined by the analyzing current water quality,reclamation areas and their functions.The application of this semi-quantitative matrix,the results showed that the water quality impact of one reclamation area is comparative high,while others have lower impacts.These results of different impact degrees of water quality provided a supporting tool for the environmental management decision-making.The successful application in the case study also reveals that the semi-quantitative water-quality impact assessment methodology can be applied to those with the complicated impact mechanism,highly uncertain and decision-supportive anthropogenic impacts.国家海洋公益项目(200905005-06);2011年度“厦门大学基础创新科研基金”(中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金)项目(2011121008
