本文根据历史文献所记载的福建海区浅水石珊瑚、柳珊瑚和近期有关调查成果综合分析,福建沿海浅水石珊瑚累计记录17种,隶属6科14属,其中造礁石珊瑚4科8属9种,非造礁石珊瑚3科6属8种.在石珊瑚中,共有1种造礁石珊瑚陀螺珊瑚(TurbInArIA SP.)、2种非造礁石珊瑚dEndrOPHyllIA ArbuSCulA和1个珊瑚待定种(ClAdAngIAEXuSTA SP.)属于中国新记录.柳珊瑚累计记录9科22属54种,未收入《中国海洋物种多样性》、《中国海洋生物名录》和《厦门湾物种多样性》等名录的有17种.珊瑚主要分布在沿海岛礁区,港湾内甚少;南起东山,北至福鼎台山列岛和星仔列岛,种类空间分布呈由南往北递减趋势,从大陆沿岸朝沿海岛礁呈递增趋势.受盗采珊瑚和生境破坏等影响,福建大部分海区的珊瑚均遭受不同程度的破坏,未能得到有效保护,应加强调查研究与保护.According to the historical coral records and the recent studies in Fujian,the species composition and distribution of neritic Scleractinian and Gorgonian corals are analyzed.As results,a total of 17 species of neritic Scleractinian corals belonging to 14 genus and 6 families were recorded.Among them,9 species of hermatypic corals belonging to 8 genus and 4 families and 8 species of ahermatypic corals belonging to 6 genus and 3 families were recorded.For Scleractinian corals,1 species of hermatypic corals( Turbinaria sp.) and 2 species of ahermatypic corals( Dendrophyllia arbuscula and Rhizangiidae sp.) are new records in China.A total of 54 species of neritic Gorgonian corals belonging to 22 genus and 9 families were recorded.Among them,17 species have not been listed in Marine species diversity of China,Checklist of Marine Biota of China Seas and Species diversity of Xiamen Bay.In coastal waters of Fujian,corals mainly distributed around the islands and reefs from Dongshan Islands to Taishan and Xingzi Islands,while rarely occurred in bays.The species and abundance of corals increased from north to south and from the mainland coast to offshore islands.Most of them have been impaired in different degrees by illegal mining and habitat destruction without effective protection.Investigation and conservation of corals and their habitats should be strengthened.福建省海洋与渔业厅科技计划资助项目(2012013
