作为二十世纪最重要的金融创新之一——资产证券化，它于二十世纪六十年代末在美国出现后便迅速发展。资产证券化具有分散金融机构风险、改善资本结构、提高流动性等优势，加上它的信用增级、破产隔离等制度设计，受到众多金融机构和投资者的热烈追捧。2008年始于美国的次贷危机引发了全球金融危机，究其原因，以次级贷款证券化为基础的金融衍生工具的滥用是罪魁祸首之一。我国银行近年也开始进行以资产证券化为代表的金融创新活动，如何全面、客观地看待资产证券化，特别是资产证券化中的会计计量问题，需要理论界和实务界重新审视和思考。本文基于会计的视角来探讨银行资产证券化问题，文章首先介绍本文的写作背景、意义目的、相关研究文献综...Asset securitization is one of the important financial innovations in twentieth Century. It appeared in the United States in nineteen sixties and developed rapidly. With the effect of dispersing risk of financial institutions, improving capital structure and mobility and other advantages, asset securitization was in hot pursuit by many financial institutions and investors. Coupled with its credit ...学位：会计硕士院系专业：厦门大学与厦门国家会计学院会计硕士专业学位联合教育中心（MPACC）_会计硕士(MPACC)学号：X200815710

杨宇

Xiamen University Institutional Repository

                             基于会计视角对银行资产证券化的探讨                     杨 宇               指导教师 生柳荣教授           厦门大学 学校编码：10384                        分类号_______密级 ______ 学号：X2008157100                  UDC _______   硕  士  学  位  论  文 基于会计视角对银行资产证券化的探讨 Studies on Banking Asset Securitization Based on Accounting Perspective 杨  宇 指导教师姓名： 生 柳 荣 教授专 业 名 称： 会计硕士(MPAcc)论文提交日期： 2 0 1 2 年 3 月论文答辩日期： 2 0 1 2 年    月学位授予日期： 2 0 1 2 年    月  答辩委员会主席：           评    阅    人：            2012 年 3 月 厦门大学博硕士论文摘要库 厦门大学学位论文原创性声明  本人呈交的学位论文是本人在导师指导下,独立完成的研究成果。本人在论文写作中参考其他个人或集体已经发表的研究成果，均在文中以适当方式明确标明，并符合法律规范和《厦门大学研究生学术活动规范（试行）》。 另外，该学位论文为（                            ）课题（组）的研究成果，获得（               ）课题（组）经费或实验室的资助，在（               ）实验室完成。（请在以上括号内填写课题或课题组负责人或实验室名称，未有此项声明内容的，可以不作特别声明。）  声明人（签名）：                   年   月   日       厦门大学博硕士论文摘要库厦门大学博硕士论文摘要库 厦门大学学位论文著作权使用声明  本人同意厦门大学根据《中华人民共和国学位条例暂行实施办法》等规定保留和使用此学位论文，并向主管部门或其指定机构送交学位论文（包括纸质版和电子版），允许学位论文进入厦门大学图书馆及其数据库被查阅、借阅。本人同意厦门大学将学位论文加入全国博士、硕士学位论文共建单位数据库进行检索，将学位论文的标题和摘要汇编出版，采用影印、缩印或者其它方式合理复制学位论文。 本学位论文属于： （     ）1.经厦门大学保密委员会审查核定的保密学位论文，于   年  月  日解密，解密后适用上述授权。 （     ）2.不保密，适用上述授权。 （请在以上相应括号内打“√”或填上相应内容。保密学位论文应是已经厦门大学保密委员会审定过的学位论文，未经厦门大学保密委员会审定的学位论文均为公开学位论文。此声明栏不填写的，默认为公开学位论文，均适用上述授权。）                                声明人（签名）： 年   月   日  厦门大学博硕士论文摘要库厦门大学博硕士论文摘要库  摘要 作为二十世纪 重要的金融创新之一——资产证券化，它于二十世纪六十年代末在美国出现后便迅速发展。资产证券化具有分散金融机构风险、改善资本结构、提高流动性等优势，加上它的信用增级、破产隔离等制度设计，受到众多金融机构和投资者的热烈追捧。2008 年始于美国的次贷危机引发了全球金融危机，究其原因，以次级贷款证券化为基础的金融衍生工具的滥用是罪魁祸首之一。我国银行近年也开始进行以资产证券化为代表的金融创新活动，如何全面、客观地看待资产证券化，特别是资产证券化中的会计计量问题，需要理论界和实务界重新审视和思考。本文基于会计的视角来探讨银行资产证券化问题，文章首先介绍本文的写作背景、意义目的、相关研究文献综述、研究方法和内容等。其次，论文介绍了银行资产证券化基本理论，分别阐述了资产证券化的基本概念和相关理论，同时还介绍了其会计基本理论。再次，论文对我国银行资产证券化的基本情况进行阐述，主要根据我国近几年来的银行资产证券化的发展情况，对其总体规模，增长速度或品种分类结构进行了必要的描述性分析。 后，论文介绍了国外银行资产证券化方面的会计经验，并从中得出对我国银行资产证券化发展的启示，根据前面分析所指出我国银行资产证券化在会计方面存在的问题及其原因，并提出完善我国银行资产证券化的对策建议。   关键词：资产证券化；会计；金融创新；金融资产转移         厦门大学博硕士论文摘要库厦门大学博硕士论文摘要库  Abstract Asset securitization is one of the important financial innovations in twentieth Century. It appeared in the United States in nineteen sixties and developed rapidly. With the effect of dispersing risk of financial institutions, improving capital structure and mobility and other advantages, asset securitization was in hot pursuit by many financial institutions and investors. Coupled with its credit enhancement and bankruptcy isolation system design, asset securitization is regarded as the most secure high yield investment product. Subprime mortgage crisis in the United States triggered a global financial crisis in 2008. Abusing the derivative financial instruments based on the subprime mortgage securitization is one of the arch-criminals. In recent years, China's banking has begun financial innovation activities such as asset securitization. Accounting problems of asset securitization is one of the comprehensive critical issues. Based on the accounting perspective to research the banking asset securitization, this paper first introduces the writing background, purpose, significance of literature review, research methods and contents. And then it introduces the basic theory of asset securitization, the basic concepts and related theories of banking asset securitization. This paper also introduces the basic theory of accounting about baking asset securitization. Then it makes a statement of the situation and frameworks of domestic banking asset securitization, including developments, overall size and so on. After introducing the experience of accounting about foreign banking asset securitization, this paper analyses the problems existing in domestic asset securitization. Based on the research of domestic banking asset securitization in accounting perspective, it finally put forward suggestions to improve for banking asset securitization in our country that mainly about accounting treatments.  Key words: Asset securitization; Accounting; Financial innovation; Financial asset transfer.   厦门大学博硕士论文摘要库厦门大学博硕士论文摘要库  目录 1 绪论 .........................................................................................................1 1.1 研究背景 ......................................................................................................... 1 1.2 本文研究的意义及其研究目的 .................................................................... 1 1.2.1 研究意义 ............................................................................................... 1 1.2.2 研究目的 ............................................................................................... 2 1.3 国内外研究文献述评 .................................................................................... 2 1.3.1 国外文献研究述评 .............................................................................. 2 1.3.2 国内研究文献述评 .............................................................................. 4 1.3.3 文献评述 .............................................................................................. 5 1.4 论文研究方法 ................................................................................................ 6 1.5 论文基本框架 ................................................................................................ 6 2 银行资产证券化理论及其会计理论基础 ............................................7 2.1 银行资产证券化的基本概念 ........................................................................ 7 2.1.1 银行资产 .............................................................................................. 7 2.1.2 资产证券化的概念以及银行资产证券化的概念 .............................. 7 2.1.3 银行资产证券化的具体操作程序 ...................................................... 8 2.2 银行资产证券化相关的会计理论 .............................................................. 11 2.2.1 银行证券化资产确认 ........................................................................ 11 2.2.2 银行资产证券化的会计确认和计量 ................................................ 12 2.2.3 会计主体 ............................................................................................ 12 3 我国银行业资产证券化现状及存在问题分析 ..................................15 3.1 我国银行资产证券化的总体情况 .............................................................. 15 3.2 我国银行资产证券化的主要结构 .............................................................. 16 3.2.1 我国银行资产证券化的交易主体结构 ............................................. 16 3.2.2 我国银行资产证券化的交易流程及交易环节 ................................. 17 3.2.3 我国证券化银行资产结构 ................................................................. 17 3.3 我国银行资产证券化的会计处理 .............................................................. 18 厦门大学博硕士论文摘要库 3.4 我国银行资产证券化存在问题分析 .......................................................... 19 4 国外银行资产证券化会计规范的经验及其借鉴 ..............................21 4.1 国外银行资产证券化会计规范介绍 .......................................................... 21 4.1.1 国际会计准则委员会对银行资产证券化会计规范 ........................ 21 4.1.2 美国金融机构资产证券化会计规范 ................................................ 23 4.2 从外国银行资产证券化经验中应得到的启示 .......................................... 28 5 完善我国银行资产证券化会计规范的建议措施 ..............................31 5.1 为包括银行资产证券化在内的资产证券化建立专门的会计规范 ........... 32 5.2 完善银行资产证券化制度和法律体系 ....................................................... 33 5.3 补充在公允价值无法获得情况下的会计计量 ........................................... 34 5.4 对金融资产终止确认方法的判断标准进行优化 ....................................... 35 5.5 完善银行资产证券化会计信息披露制度和披露内容 ............................... 37 5.5.1 建立规范的证券化会计信息披露法律制度 ..................................... 37 5.5.2 完善银行信贷资产证券化会计信息披露内容 ................................. 38 5.6 协调特殊目的实体组织形式与报表合并依据 ........................................... 40 5.6.1 制定新的会计报表合并规范，提出新的报表合并范围判断依据 . 40 5.6.2 改变特殊目的实体法律地位，新建公司型特殊目的实体 ............. 41 [参考文献] ..............................................................................................43 致谢语 .......................................................................................................45      厦门大学博硕士论文摘要库  Contents 1 Introduction ............................................................................................1 1.1 Research background ..................................................................................... 1 1.2 The significance and research purpose of this paper ................................... 1 1.2.1 The significance of this paper ................................................................. 1 1.2.2 The research purpose of this paper ......................................................... 2 1.3 Reviews on overall research ........................................................................... 2 1.3.1 Reviews on foreign research ................................................................... 2 1.3.2 Reviews on domestic research ................................................................ 4 1.3.3 Summary of present research .................................................................. 5 1.4 Research method of this paper ...................................................................... 6 1.5 The framework of this paper ......................................................................... 6 2 Banking asset securitization theory and its theoretical basis of accounting ..................................................................................................7 2.1 Concepts of banking asset securitization ...................................................... 7 2.1.1 Banking assets ......................................................................................... 7 2.1.2 Concepts of asset securitization and banking asset securitization .......... 7 2.1.3 Operating process of banking asset securitization .................................. 8 2.2 Banking asset securitization theory of accounting ..................................... 11 2.2.1 Confirmation of banking assets for securitization ................................ 11 2.2.2 Confirmation and measurement of banking asset securitization .......... 12 2.2.3 Accounting subject ................................................................................ 12 3 Situation and analysis of domestic banking asset securitization .....15 3.1 Situation of domestic banking asset securitization .................................... 15 3.2 Frameworks of domestic banking asset securitization .............................. 16 3.2.1 Subject composition of domestic banking asset securitization ............. 16 3.2.2 Operating process and details of domestic banking asset securitization17 3.2.3 Composition of domestic banking assets for securitization .................. 17 厦门大学博硕士论文摘要库 3.3 Accounting treatment of domestic banking asset securitization ............... 18 3.4 Analysis of domestic banking asset securitization ...................................... 19 4 Experience and reference of foreign accounting standard for banking asset securitization ...................................................................21 4.1 Summary of foreign accounting standards for banking asset securitization ....................................................................................................... 21 4.1.1 Accounting standards for banking asset securitization from International Accounting Standards Committee ............................................ 21 4.1.2 Accounting standards for financial asset securitization from Financial Accounting Standards Board ......................................................................... 23 4.2 Research on the experience from foreign banking asset securitization ... 28 5 Suggestions for accounting standards of domestic banking asset securitization ...........................................................................................31 5.1 Issue an exclusive accounting standard for banking asset securitization 32 5.2 Improve standards and legal system about banking asset securitization 33 5.3 Supplements for accounting measurement without available fair value . 34 5.4 Improve the criterion of confirmation for financial assets ....................... 35 5.5 Improve the disclosure system of accounting information about banking asset securitization .............................................................................................. 37 5.5.1 Establish norms for disclosure system of accounting information about securitization .................................................................................................. 37 5.5.2 Enrich the content of disclosure for accounting information about banking asset securitization ........................................................................... 38 5.6 Coordinate the organization forms of special purpose vehicles and the basis of consolidated financial statements ........................................................ 40 5.6.1 Develop new accounting statement merging standards and put forward a new scope of consolidated financial statements of judgment ..................... 40 5.6.2 Change the legal status of special purpose vehicles and build a new 厦门大学博硕士论文摘要库  type of special purpose vehicle in the types of company ............................... 41 References ................................................................................................43 Acknowledgements .................................................................................45    厦门大学博硕士论文摘要库厦门大学博硕士论文摘要库1 绪论 1 1 绪论 1.1 研究背景 作为全新的结构性融资工具——资产证券化，它的产生是金融创新和发展的结果，所以资产证券化主要应用在金融领域。经济全球化程度日益加深，世界金融也出现证券化、全球化和自由化趋势，20 世纪中期，分业经营模式也受到挑战，西方主要发达国家银行业的监管模式由分业走向混业。经过半个多世纪，世界金融出现证券化总趋势，混业经营代替分业经营。然而俄罗斯金融危机、东亚金融危机特别是美国次贷危机的爆发，也给人们敲响了警钟：过度创新、特别是失去有效监管和规范的创新会导致系统性金融风险。金融创新同金融稳定之间的矛盾如何有效协调值得我们深思。因此，有效控制金融风险，强化银行资本管理，加强对金融体系进行改造尤为必要。 随着中国加入世界贸易组织，原来相对封闭的中国加快了国内金融对外开放的步伐，逐步融合到全球金融中去并且同国际金融接轨是大势所趋。外资金融机构与国内金融业同台竞技，国内金融业面临新的机遇和挑战。发达国家金融业相对比较发达，而国内金融业在很多方面与发达国家相比都存在较大差距，仍然比较落后。如：我国的资本市场刚刚起步，存在一些不规范的操作；银行体系存在片面追求规模和速度、忽视质量和效益的陋习；长期贷款比例偏高、资产流动性较弱等等。因此，在借鉴国外金融创新的积极成果的基础上，探讨如何在完善监管及加强风险防范的前提下推行我国银行资产证券化，进而解决我国金融机构的资产流动性问题及风险转移与分散问题，具有重要的理论和现实意义。 1.2 本文研究的意义及其研究目的 1.2.1 研究意义 关于银行资产证券化理论研究方面，过去的研究主要是关注资产证券化经济分析，但是基于会计视角研究包括银行资产证券化在内的资产证券化问题的文献厦门大学博硕士论文摘要库Degree papers are in the “Xiamen University Electronic Theses and Dissertations Database”. Fulltexts are available in the following ways: 1. If your library is a CALIS member libraries, please log on http://etd.calis.edu.cn/ and submitrequests online, or consult the interlibrary loan department in your library. 2. For users of non-CALIS member libraries, please mail to etd@xmu.edu.cn for delivery details.厦门大学博硕士论文摘要库

Studies on Banking Asset Securitization Based on Accounting Perspective

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Studies on Banking Asset Securitization Based on Accounting Perspective

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