在液压系统中，以液压缸作为执行器时，有时需要使液压缸在任意位置或某一定点位置保持停留并承受一定的负载力，目前常用液压锁紧回路来实现该目的。但在航空、军事等特殊领域，如飞机舱门，潜艇的各分隔舱等，用普通液压锁（靠油压锁紧）无法满足其可靠性要求。它们需要执行器工作位置有高精度、长时间停机而无任何位移变化，安全性好，采用液压锁紧回路达不到这种要求。在这种背景下，本文设计了一种新型的自锁式液压缸，这种缸能通过自身的机械结构达到锁定的目的。本论文主要研究工作如下：1.详细了解国内的液压缸生产和发展水平，国外在这方面的先进技术及发展趋势，提出了液压缸自锁的解决方案。2.研究了各种液压缸的结构性能及密封特性...In the hydraulic system, sometimes the hydraulic cylinder needs to stay in any position or a certain position and endure a certain loading power when the hydraulic cylinder is used as an actuator, so the loop is often locked by hydraulic to accomplish this aim now. But in some particular fields of aviation and military affairs, such as cabin doors of the planes, subdivision bulks of submarines, et...学位：工学硕士院系专业：物理与机电工程学院机电工程系_机械制造及其自动化学号：2005130169

邹建华

Xiamen University Institutional Repository

学校编码：10384                               分类号      密级       学号：18220051301695                                     UDC           硕  士  学  位  论  文                                            新型自锁式液压缸的研制 The Study on the New Type of Self-locked Hydraulic Cylinder 邹 建 华  指导教师姓名： 吴 榕 副教授 专  业 名 称： 机械制造及自动化 论文提交日期： 2008  年        月 论文答辩时间： 2008  年        月 学位授予日期： 2008  年        月    答辩委员会主席：           评    阅    人：              2008 年 4 月  厦门大学博硕士论文摘要库厦门大学学位论文原创性声明  兹呈交的学位论文，是本人在导师指导下独立完成的研究成果。本人在论文写作中参考的其他个人或集体的研究成果，均在文中以明确方式标明。本人依法享有和承担由此论文产生的权利和责任。                           声明人（签名）： 年   月   日                      厦门大学博硕士论文摘要库   厦门大学学位论文著作权使用声明  本人完全了解厦门大学有关保留、使用学位论文的规定。厦门大学有权保留并向国家主管部门或其指定机构送交论文的纸质版和电子版，有权将学位论文用于非赢利目的的少量复制并允许论文进入学校图书馆被查阅，有权将学位论文的内容编入有关数据库进行检索，有权将学位论文的标题和摘要汇编出版。保密的学位论文在解密后适用本规定。 本学位论文属于   1、保密（ ），在   年解密后适用本授权书。   2、不保密（  ） （请在以上相应括号内打“√”）   作者签名：      日期：  年 月 日 导师签名：      日期：  年 月 日        厦门大学博硕士论文摘要库摘  要  在液压系统中，以液压缸作为执行器时，有时需要使液压缸在任意位置或某一定点位置保持停留并承受一定的负载力，目前常用液压锁紧回路来实现该目的。但在航空、军事等特殊领域，如飞机舱门，潜艇的各分隔舱等，用普通液压锁（靠油压锁紧）无法满足其可靠性要求。它们需要执行器工作位置有高精度、长时间停机而无任何位移变化 ，安全性好，采用液压锁紧回路达不到这种要求。在这种背景下，本文设计了一种新型的自锁式液压缸，这种缸能通过自身的机械结构达到锁定的目的。 本论文主要研究工作如下： 1.详细了解国内的液压缸生产和发展水平，国外在这方面的先进技术及发展趋势，提出了液压缸自锁的解决方案。 2.研究了各种液压缸的结构性能及密封特性，对液压缸进行创新性设计，即自锁式液压缸。该缸在断油或漏油的情况下，均能通过自身锁块卡死活塞杆，另一改进之处是，借助节流阀，自锁式液压缸内部的阶梯型和圆锥型的复合缓冲结构能很好的改善液压缸工作时普遍存在的冲击现象。 3.根据载荷和工作条件，确定了液压缸结构尺寸、密封所要达到的精度等，对液压缸的受力、变形、活塞杆伸出速度等进行了理论分析和计算，并用 ANSYS软件进行仿真分析。 4.设计了全套自锁式液压缸图纸。 5.设计了自锁式液压缸的测试系统。 6.完成了自锁式液压缸的样品生产，并用厂家现有的测试设备对样品进行了初步测试，对测试过程中暴露出来的设计缺陷进行了改进设计。使该自锁式液压缸在国内同类产品中达到领先水平。  关键词：液压缸；自锁式；液控压力锁     厦门大学博硕士论文摘要库                                               厦门大学博硕士论文摘要库Abstract  In the hydraulic system, sometimes the hydraulic cylinder needs to stay in any position or a certain position and endure a certain loading power when the hydraulic cylinder is used as an actuator, so the loop is often locked by hydraulic to accomplish this aim now. But in some particular fields of aviation and military affairs, such as cabin doors of the planes, subdivision bulks of submarines, etc, normal hydraulic locker (locked by oil) cannot fulfill their capable requirements. They need high accuracy in working position, no moving during long-time’s stop, fine security. But using the loop hydraulic locker cannot satisfy such requirement. In this background， we design a new type of self-locked hydraulic cylinder which can be up to scratch through the mechanical frame of itself in this thesis.  The study work of this thesis is as follows： 1. Analyed the producing and developing level in China and the advanced technology and developing trend overseas in detail. Then raise some solutions for the hydraulic cylinder which locked by itself. 2. Study the configuration capability and hermetic characteristics of all kinds of hydraulic cylinders. Innovatively design the hydraulic cylinder, which is the self-locked hydraulic cylinder. In the condition of oil lacking or seeping, it can lock the piston rod by itself. The other innovation is that with the help of throttle, the complex buffering frame of ladder and conical shape inside of the self-locked hydraulic cylinder can easily solve the ubiquitous problem of impact. 3. According to the working condition and bearing load, confirm the size of the hydraulic cylinder’s frame and the accuracy the airproof should reach, etc. And then theoretically analyse and calculate the loading, distortion and the porrect speed of the piston rods. Analyse the frame’s distortion in the condition of loading with ANSYS software. 4. Design the entire drawing of the self-locked hydraulic cylinder. 5. Design the testing system of the self-locked hydraulic cylinder. 厦门大学博硕士论文摘要库   6. Achieve a sample of the self-locked hydraulic cylinder, and test the sample with the manufacturer’s appropriative testing machines. Improve and optimize its bugs and shortages. Make this self-locked hydraulic cylinder reach the advanced level in domestic concentric production.   Keywords: Hydraulic cylinder；Self-locked；Hydraulic controlling pressure locker    厦门大学博硕士论文摘要库 目  录  第一章 绪 论……………………………………………………………………1 1.1 引 言………………………………………………………………………1 1.2 新型液压缸……………………………………………………………… 2 1.3 国内液压锁介绍…………………………………………………………4 1.4 国外液压锁介绍…………………………………………………………7 1.5 国内液压锁与国外液压锁的差距………………………………………9 1.6 液压缸的一般设计步骤…………………………………………………10 1.7 本论文主要研究工作…………………………………………………11 第二章 自锁式液压缸的原理和结构以及锁紧力计算……………13 2.1 自锁式液压缸原理………………………………………………………13 2.2 自锁式液压缸结构图……………………………………………………14 2.3 自锁式液压缸外观实体图………………………………………………15 2.4 锁块锁紧力的设计计算…………………………………………………17 第三章 自锁式液压缸主要零件设计和计算……………………………21 3.1 缸筒设计计算……………………………………………………………21 3.1.1 缸筒强度计算……………………………………………………21 3.1.2 供油口设计计算…………………………………………………24 3.1.3 ANSYS 分析缸筒受力和变形情况…………………………………24 3.2 内弹簧设计计算…………………………………………………………27 3.2.1 计算内弹簧直径…………………………………………………27 3.2.2 计算并校核切应力………………………………………………28 3.2.3 计算弹簧的圈数…………………………………………………28 3.3 外弹簧设计计算…………………………………………………………29 3.4 螺栓计算校核……………………………………………………………30 3.5 带杆活塞与外套筒间的接触强度计算…………………………………34 3.6 带杆活塞的设计…………………………………………………………35 厦门大学博硕士论文摘要库   3.7 内套筒设计………………………………………………………………36 3.8 导向套设计………………………………………………………………37 3.9 自锁式液压缸稳定性校核………………………………………………38 第四章  密封与缓冲设计计算……………………………………………41 4.1 密封选择与设计…………………………………………………………41 4.1.1 带杆活塞与缸筒的密封设计……………………………………41 4.1.2 缸盖的密封设计…………………………………………………45 4.1.3 防尘圈的选择……………………………………………………47 4.2 排气装置设计……………………………………………………………48 4.3 缓冲设计计算……………………………………………………………49 4.3.1 缓冲介绍…………………………………………………………49 4.3.2 三种缓冲结构的特性和比较……………………………………52 4.3.3 自锁式液压缸的缓冲设计………………………………………53 4.3.4 自锁式液压缸缓冲计算…………………………………………54 第五章 自锁式液压缸样品生产及测试………………………………58 5.1 自锁式液压缸样品生产…………………………………………………58 5.2 自锁式液压缸的测试……………………………………………………63 第六章 液压试验台设计………………………………………………………67 6.1 液压缸试验的条件及项目………………………………………………67 6.2 试验台液压系统组成部分及工作原理…………………………………68 6.3 自锁式液压缸系统测试计算……………………………………………69 6.3.1 液压泵的选用……………………………………………………71 6.3.2 确定驱动电机功率………………………………………………72 6.3.3 油箱………………………………………………………………72 6.4 试验台结构设计…………………………………………………………72 6.5 电气控制系统设计………………………………………………………73 6.6 测试系统设计……………………………………………………………74 6.6.1 硬件系统设计……………………………………………………74 厦门大学博硕士论文摘要库 6.6.2 软件系统设计……………………………………………………77 第七章 结论………………………………………………………………………80 符号表………………………………………………………………………………83 附录…………………………………………………………………………………87 参考文献…………………………………………………………………………88 硕士期间发表学术论文………………………………………………………90 致谢…………………………………………………………………………………91  厦门大学博硕士论文摘要库                    厦门大学博硕士论文摘要库 Contents Chapter 1  Preface………………………………………………………………1 1.1 Introduction………………………………………………………………1 1.2 The new type hydraulic cylinder…………………………………………2 1.3 Introduction of the Domestic hydraulic lock……………………………4 1.4 Introduction of the Foreign hydraulic lock………………………………7 1.5 The gap between domestic hydraulic lock and foreign hydraulic lock  9 1.6 The ordinary design process of hydraulic cylinder……………………10 1.7 The main researching contents of this thesis……………………………11 Chapter 2  The principle、construction and calculation of locking pieces’ tight locking force of self-locked hydraulic cylinder……13 2.1 The principle of self-locked hydraulic cylinder…………………………13 2.2 The construction drawing of self-locked hydraulic cylinder…………14 2.3 The external stereogram of self-locked hydraulic cylinder……………15 2.4 The design and calculation of locking pieces’ tight locking force ……17 Chapter 3  The design and calculation of the self-locked hydraulic cylinde’s primary parts…………………………………………………21 3.1 The design and calculation of cylinder barrel…………………………21 3.1.1 The intensional calculation of cylinder barrel……………………24 3.1.2 The design and calculation of oil meatus…………………………24 3.1.3 Analyze the loading and distortion of  cylinder barrel through ANSYS………………………………………………………………………………24 3.2 The design and of inner spring…………………………………………27 3.2.1 Calculate the diameter of inner spring……………………………27 3.2.2 Calculate and check the shear stress………………………………28 3.2.3 Calculate the circle number of the spring…………………………28 3.3 The design and of outer spring…………………………………………29 厦门大学博硕士论文摘要库  3.4 Calculate and check the screw bolts……………………………………30 3.5 The calculation of contact strength between rod piston and outer sleeve…………………………………………………………………………34 3.6 The design and calculation of rod piston………………………………35 3.7 The design of inner sleeve………………………………………………36 3.8 The design of guide sleeve………………………………………………37 3.9 Check the stability of the self-locked hydraulic cylinder………………38 Chapter 4  The design and calculation of sealing and buffering…41 4.1 Select and design the sealing……………………………………………41 4.1.1 The sealing design of rod piston and cylinder barrel……………41 4.1.2 The sealing design of cylinder lid…………………………………45  4.1.3 The choice of dustproof circle……………………………47 4.2 The design of venting devices……………………………………………48 4.3 The design and calculation of buffering…………………………………49 4.3.1 Introduction to buffering…………………………………………49 4.3.2 The characteristics and comparison of three kinds of buffering frames……………………………………………………………………52 4.3.3 The buffering design of self-locked hydraulic cylinder……………53 4.3.4 The calculation of self-locked hydraulic cylinder…………………54 Chapter 5  The sample and testing of the of the self-locked hydraulic cylinder………………………………………………………………………58 5.1 The sample of the of the self-locked hydraulic cylinder ………………58 5.2 The testing of the of the self-locked hydraulic cylinder………………63 Chapter 6  The design of hydraulic test bench…………………………67 6.1 The test Condition and item of hydraulic cylinder……………………67 6.2 The composing and work principium of hydraulic system about hydraulic test bench………………………………………………………………68 6.3 The testing and calculation of the self-locked hydraulic cylinder system 厦门大学博硕士论文摘要库 …………………………………………………………………………………69 6.3.1 The selection of hydraulic pump…………………………………71 6.3.2 Set the power of power controller…………………………………72 6.3.3  The gasoline tank…………………………………………………72 6.4 The configurational calculation of hydraulic test bench………………72 6.5 The design of electric control system……………………………………73 6.6 The design of testing system……………………………………………74 6.6.1 The design of hardware system……………………………………74 6.6.2 The design of software system……………………………………77 Chapter 7  Conclusions………………………………………………………80 List of symbols……………………………………………………………………83 Appendix…………………………………………………………………………87 References…………………………………………………………………………88 Publications………………………………………………………………………90 Acknowledgements……………………………………………………………91             厦门大学博硕士论文摘要库   厦门大学博硕士论文摘要库厦门大学博硕士论文摘要库Degree papers are in the “Xiamen University Electronic Theses and Dissertations Database”. Fulltexts are available in the following ways: 1. If your library is a CALIS member libraries, please log on http://etd.calis.edu.cn/ and submitrequests online, or consult the interlibrary loan department in your library. 2. For users of non-CALIS member libraries, please mail to etd@xmu.edu.cn for delivery details.厦门大学博硕士论文摘要库

The Study on the New Type of Self-locked Hydraulic Cylinder

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The Study on the New Type of Self-locked Hydraulic Cylinder

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