超微电极由于其优良的电化学特性和超小的尺寸，可实现高时间分辨及高空间分辨实时监测单细胞、单囊泡释放及突触间隙化学信号分子传导，自引入到电化学和电分析化学领域后引起了电分析化学前所未有的发展。另一方面，纳米孔由于其纳米级别的几何尺寸与生物膜的结构相近，被广泛用于构建仿生离子通道，在分子水平上对组成和调控生命体系结构和运行的离子，生物分子和小分子进行检测和分离。本论文致力于制备锥状微孔电极，与柱状孔电极相比，锥形孔道具有更小的传质阻力，在给定电压下对被检测物质具备更高的响应灵敏度。对锥形微孔电极进行相应的修饰可实现对不同物质的灵敏和选择性响应，并且微孔道空间的存在可使电极的修饰更牢固，修饰量更大，...Electrochemical detection based on ultramicroelectrodes has evoked widespread research interest and has been studied in many fields comprehensively and intensively owing to its intrinsic advantages such as fast response, excellent sensitivity, high spatiotemporal resolution and small size. On the other hand, because of its nanoscale size and geometry which are similar to the membrane, significant ...学位：理学博士院系专业：化学化工学院化学系_分析化学学号：2052006015321
