The Effect of Jazz Shoes on Dance Performance

Abstract

The effect of jazz shoes on dance performance Despite dancers performing up to 200 jumps per class, the effect of dance shoes on jump performance has not previously been explored. Sautés are a two-legged dance jump used as a foundation for more complex jumps. The aims of this thesis were to explore the impact attenuation properties of jazz shoes and their effect on sauté height, landing and takeoff technique, and impact attenuation. A systematic review of the literature was undertaken to examine the impact attenuation effect of conventional shoes compared to barefoot during weight-bearing activities (Chapter 2). Few studies investigated the effect of shoes on jump landings, with no studies investigating dance shoes. Mechanical impact testing of four different jazz shoe designs was performed to determine their impact attenuation properties. The newest jazz sneaker design was the most impact attenuating jazz shoe despite another design having a thicker sole. 3D motion analysis of dancers performing a series of eight sautés in the different shoes with and without music was undertaken. Jump height was reduced in the high-heeled shoes compared to all other shoe conditions with a subsequent increase in stance time to synchronise with the music (Chapter 3). Knee flexion was greater in high-heeled shoes, and ankle flexion was greater in all jazz shoes than barefoot. Conversely, midfoot and MPJ motion was reduced by all jazz shoe designs (Chapter 4). Knee joint stiffness was reduced in high heeled shoes and both sneaker designs compared to barefoot (Chapter 5). The jazz shoes reduced midfoot joint velocity thus restricting midfoot joint power, with the opposite effect at the ankle during both landing and propulsive phases (Chapter 6). The jazz shoes tested in this thesis altered lower limb motion, with larger kinematic and kinetic changes displayed in the Chorus shoes resulting in a subsequent decrease in jump height. Future research should assess dance shoe design in terms of both function and aesthetic performance