Ionosonde observations at Rome and Gibilmanna (Sicily) for some months of
2006–2007 were analyzed in the connection with recent COSMIC NmE results. Italy was
completely located in the NmE enhanced zone according to COSMIC observations for
the periods in question. COSMIC‐observed NmE values in the NmE enhanced zone do not
coincide with NmE scaled from ionograms in accordance with the URSI Recommendations,
but the IRI model correctly describes monthly median NmE contrary to the Chu et al.
(2009) conclusion. Three month averaged COSMIC NmE values turn out to be close to
monthly median NmE corresponding to the blanketing frequency fbEs. A conclusion
is made that sporadic E practically permanently existing during daytime hours in summer
strongly contributes to NmE observed by COSMIC. Possible reasons for the occurrence of
the NmE enhanced zones at middle latitudes are discussed