Schadstoffemissionen gewerblicher und industrieller Holzfeuerungen; Ermittlung der Schadstoffemissionen und Verfahren zur Emissionsminderung. Ergebnisse eines Feldmessprogramms - und Polychlorierte Dioxine und Furane bei gewerblichen Holzfeuerungen kleiner und mittlerer Leistung Emissionen, Entstehung, Minderungsmassnahmen

Abstract

In spring 1993 and during the heating period of 1993/94, emission measurements were carried out at 26 representative commercial wood furnaces with capacities of less than 1 MW. Continuous measurements concerned the concentrations of the components CO, C_nH_m, NO, CO_2, and O_2, whereas polychlorinated dioxines and furanes as well as particles and single hydrocarbons in various operational conditions were measured discontinuously. The mean concentrations out of several burnouts ranged from 1500 to 11800 mg/m"3 as for CO emissions and from 30 to 2500 mg/m"3 as for C_nH_m emissions in manually charged firings, whereas in automatically charged ones the CO emissions reached between 130 and 6450 mg/m"3 and the C_nH_m emissions, between 2 and 360 mg/m"3. Here, the concentration levels are determined by the combustion conditions for CO and C_nH_m, for NO by the used fuel. The dioxine sampling registered dioxines and furanes both gaseous and dust-adsorbed thus representing the real operational conditions well. In combusting natural wood remnants exclusively, the PCDD/PCDF concentrations in the exhaust gases were under 0.1 ngTE/m"3. In firings, however, where cocombustion of remnants treated with wood preservatives could not be excluded, the PCDD/PCDF concentrations reached 10 ngTE/m"3 and more. Ash analyses were made from furnaces with high PCDD/PCDF concentrations in the exhaust gas. (orig.)Available from TIB Hannover: RO 4448(33),2 / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekSIGLEUmweltministerium des Landes Baden-Wuerttemberg, Stuttgart (Germany)DEGerman