Usinger, R.L.

Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society

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Vol. XIV, No. 3, March, 1952 519New Species and Additional Records of Heteroptera from theMarshall IslandsBy ROBERT L. USINGERUNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIAIn a previous report (Proc. Haw. Ent. Soc, 14:315-321, 1951) twentyspecies of Heteroptera were recorded from the Marshall Islands. Now,after only a year, so much additional material has come to hand that asupplementary report is needed. Most of the additional records and specimens were received from Dr. R. I. Sailer, who painstakingly extractedthem from the voluminous collections in his charge at the U. S. NationalMuseum. The National Museum material was collected by H. K. Townes,R. G. Oakley and A. C. Cole. Other supplementary records are basedupon the collections of Dr. Ira La Rivers on Arno and Majuro atolls in1950, made in connection with the Coral Atoll Project of the NationalResearch Council through its Pacific Science Board with funds providedby the Office of Naval Research.In the present paper two families of Heteroptera, the Coreidae andCimicidae, are recorded from the Marshall Islands for the first time; threespecies are described as new (one of these was recorded in error as Campy-lomma tahitica Knight in the previous list); the family Aradidae isadded on the basis of a published record which should be checked,preferably by comparison with China's type specimen in the BritishMuseum (Natural History); and new records are given for eleven specieswhich had been recorded previously from one or more of the MarshallIslands. The total count of Heteroptera is raised from 20 to 24 species.Types of the new species have been deposited in the U. S. NationalMuseum.The discovery of three apparently endemic species of Heteroptera in theMarshalls is of unusual interest. Coral atolls are generally characterized bylack of endemics. Nevertheless, close study in various parts of Micronesiaindicates that certain groups of terrestrial animals show a tendency towardspeciation. The Micronesian pigeon is a case in point among the birdsand the mosquito, Aedes marshallensis Stone and Bohart, is a local endemic of the "scutellaris" group, a group which is widely distributed onislands of the central Pacific. In the Heteroptera Campylomma andLeptocoris, in particular, show evidences of plasticity, with distinctiveforms on every archipelago which has been collected intensively.The occurrence of the oriental bed bug in the Marshalls is also noteworthy. Known also from the New Hebrides, Samoa and Guam, thisspecies might be expected throughout the Marshalls. Surprisingly, thiswas not the case. An infestation was found in the dormitory of the Mar-shallese boys' school on Majuro but a diligent search in native dwellingson Arno failed to turn up any bed bugs at all.520 Proceedings, Hawaiian Entomological SocietySupplemental List of Heteroptera of the Marshall Islands(Numbering as in previous list)Family Pentatomidae2. Oechalia consocialis (Boisduval)Kwajalein, Aug. 15, '46 (Townes); Aug. 17, '46 (Oakley); Majuro, airfield, Aug. 27, '46 (Townes); Bikini, Aug. 12, '46 (J. P. E. Morrison)and July-Aug. '47 (Cole).Family Coreidae2a. Leptocoris lariversi new species'A relatively small species with red areas more or less infuscate, the fourth antennalsegment more than one-third longer than second, the rostrum reaching only to base ofsecond visible abdominal segment, and the pronotal disk finely, evenly punctate overmost of its surface, including the inflated area in front of callosities.Male. Head broader, including eyes, than long, 53::40, the surface impunctate, depressed along inner margins of eyes and obliquely behind bases of antennae, elsewhereinflated, the post-ocular lobes actually bulbous. Ocelli twice as far apart as distancefrom an ocellus to eye. Rostrum reaching to base of second visible abdominal segment,the proportion of segments one to four as 35:35:30:30. Antennae about two and one-halftimes as long as head and pronotum together, the proportion of segments one to fouras 17:60:60:83.Pronotum longer than head, 50::40, broader than long, 70::50, the lateral and posterior margins narrowly depressed, callosities depressed and impunctate, disk convex,very finely evenly punctate, the punctures not arranged so as to form rugosities. A narrowmedian carina extending from callosities backward to middle of disk. Anterior lobefinely punctured, moderately inflated and laterally lobed. Entire surface clothed withfine pubescence.Clavus and corium finely punctured and pubescent. Membrane black, opaque.Thoracic pleura densely clothed with an appressed, gray pubescence. Abdominalventer with fine appressed pubescence which is reddish laterally and posteriorly and graymedially and with numerous long, erect hairs arising from glabrous spots amidst thegray pubescence.Male genitalia similar to carnivorus Usinger (Bishop Museum Bull. 189:26, Fig. lb)except that the posterior arms are divergent apically. (see fig. lc)Color reddish with black appendages, broad black pleural areas adjacent to acetabula,black at middle of venter, black membrane and generally lightly infuscated dorsalsurface.Size: length 13 mm., width (pronotum) %\/2 mm.Holotype, male, Imrodj Island, Jaluit atoll, Aug. 24, 1946, H. K. Townescollector. One male paratype same data. Numerous paratypes, Ine island,Arno atoll, July 30, 1950, I. La Rivers collector. Also nymphs only ofwhat is doubtless this species, Lonar island, Arno atoll, July 9, 1950,and Arno island, July 19, 1950, Earl Stone collector.There is considerable variation in these specimens, the color beingmuch brighter red in some with the appendages fulvous or even palerand the under surface not or scarcely infuscated. The rostrum varies alittle in length, reaching middle of second visible abdominal segment insome specimens. The last antennal segment is longer as compared withthe third segment, 87:: 60, in the Arno specimens.Vol. XIV, No. 3, March, 1952 521Lariversi is closely related to carnivorus from Guam but in carnivorusthe fourth antennal is less than one-third longer than third, 77::60, therostrum reaches from middle of second to middle of third visible abdominal segment, the genital arms are slightly convergent, and the pronotaldisk is finely but rugosely punctate. It is this last character and the morestrongly inflated, superficially punctured anterior pronotal lobes thatseparate the two species most readily.aFigure 1. Outline drawings of: a, left genital clasper of Riptortus saileri Usinger, n.sp., dorsal view; b, hind femur of Campylomma marshallensis Usinger, n. sp., ventralview; c, genital segment of Leplocoris lariversi Usinger, n. sp., ventral view with pubescence omitted.2b. Riptortus saileri new speciesA relatively small species with upper surface and appendages brown, the sides oflateral fasciae nearly straight and continuous. Fourth antennal segment relatively short,only one-fifth longer than first segment and distinctly shorter than second and thirdtogether.Male. Head slightly longer than wide including eyes, 46::43, the upper surface rugoseand clothed with short, appressed hairs, not punctate. Ocelli closer to each other thanto eyes, the distance between lenses distinctly less than distance from a lens to innermargin of eye, 13:: 19. Rostrum reaching hind coxae, the proportion of segments one tofour as 30:34:17:33. Antennae about two-thirds as long as body, the proportion of segments one to four as 50:35:38:60. (The last segment broadly curved, measured in astraight line between base and apex.)Pronotum about as long as wide, excluding humeral spines, 41::40, the spines slender,acute, directed postero-laterally, one-tenth as long as width of pronotum. Disk coarselypunctured behind callosities, becoming finer posteriorly, and clothed with a fine, appressed pubescence.Apical margin of seventh abdominal tergite rather evenly arcuate. Genital claspersstout, pubescent, bent inward towards each other and broadly rounded at apices.(Fig. la.)522 Proceedings, Hawaiian Entomological SocietyColor brown with black at apices of second and third antennal segments, humeralspines and b.road stripe along middorsal surface of abdomen except at extreme base.Yellow fasciae along side of head and thoracic pleura, the head fascia slightly narrowedbehind eyes, the propleural fascia a little narrower than posterior fasciae, its uppermargin straight but a little higher than the posterior fasciae. Mesopleural and meta-pleural fasciae slightly interrupted but with their upper margins essentially in a straightline. Abdomen broadly yellow at sides including connexivum and part of the dorsalterga above and including lateral areas, sublateral areas and middle of venter, themedian yellow stripe narrowing posteriorly to base of fifth segment and reappearingon sixth segment. Spiracles and trichobothria brown.Size: length 13 mm., width (pronotum and abdomen) 2i/£ mm.Holotype, male, airfield, Kwajalein island, Kwajalein atoll, August 17,1946, R. G. Oakley collector.This species is quite distinct from all other species, described and un-described, known to me from the Pacific area, the antennal proportionsbeing entirely unique.Riptortus insularis China from Samoa and Fiji differs further in thatthe male genital claspers taper to acute points at their apices. Saileri isclosest to an undescribed species from Koror, Palau Islands, the genitaliabeing similar, but in the latter species the fourth antennal is of the usualtype in Riptortus, being longer than the second and third segments together.Family Lygaeidae3. Nysius pulchellus StalKwajalein, Aug. 16-17, '46 (Townes and Oakley).4. Nysius picipes UsingerBikini, July, August '47 (Cole); Likiep atoll, Aug. 30, '46 (Townes);Bigatyelang island, Ailinglapalap, Aug. 25, '46 (Townes).5. Ninus insignis StalMajuro, Aug. 28, '46 (Townes); Medyado island, Jaluit atoll, Aug. 24,'46 (Townes).6. Pachybrachius pacificus (Stal)Medyado island, Jaluit atoll, Aug. 24, '46 (Townes) ; Imrodj island,Jaluit atoll, Aug. 23, '46 (Townes).7. Pachybrachius nigriceps (Dallas)Sydney Pier, Jaluit atoll, Aug. 23, '46 (Oakley).Family Aradidae7a. Chiastoplonia pygmaea ChinaChiastoplonia pygmaea China, Insects of Samoa, Pt. II. fasc. 3, pp.104-105, fig., 1930.Imej island, Jaluit atoll, Nov. 27, '37 (T. Esaki) (See Esaki and Ma-tsuda, Hemiptera Micronesica, III. Mushi, 22:80, 1951).Vol. XIV, No. 3, March, 1952 523Family Nabidae9. Nabis capsiformis GermarBikini, July-Aug. '47 (Cole); Medyado island, Jaluit atoll, Aug. 24,'46 (Townes); Imrodj island, Jaluit atoll, Aug. 23-24, '46 (Townes);Kwajalein airfield, July 17, '46 (Townes) ; Begatyelang island, Ailingla-palap atoll, Aug. 25, '46 (Townes).Family Cimicidae9a. Cimex hemipterus (Fabricius)Acanthia hemiptera Fabricius, Syst. Rhyng., 113, 1803.Uliga, Majuro, Aug. 21, '50 (La Rivers).Family Miridae12. Trigonotylus brevipes JakowlevKwajalein island, Aug. 17, '46 (Oakley); Likiep island, Aug. 30, '46(Townes); Majuro atoll, Aug. 28, '46 (Townes); Medyado island, Jaluitatoll, Aug. 24, '46 (Townes).14. Orthotylellus brunnescens UsingerMedyado island, Jaluit atoll, Aug. 24, '46 (Townes).15. Halticus tibialis ReuterMedyado island and Sydney Pier, Jaluit atoll, Aug. 23 and 24, '46(Townes).16. Campylomma marshallensis new speciesA relatively small, oval species of uniformly pale color except for the brown eyes,fuscous annuli at apex of first and base of second antennal segments, and distinctivearrangement of spots on the legs. The rostrum reaches the middle of the hind tro-chanters.Male. Body surface shining, clothed with subappressed, concolorous hairs above. Headnearly twice as broad as long, 40::24, interocular space half again as wide as an eye,18:: 11. Rostrum reaching middle of posterior trochanters, the proportion of segmentsone to four as 15:15:13:15. Antennae less than half again as long as greatest width ofpronotum, 73::52; proportion of segments 10:30:19:14; first two segments stout, lasttwo slender; second segment three-fourths as long as width of head, 30::40.Pronotum slightly more than twice as wide as long, 52::23, about as long as head andscutellum (including exposed portion of mesoscutum). Commissure of clavus scarcelylonger than scutellum. Corial margin distinctly longer than width of pronotum, 65::52,cuneus about one-fourth as long as corial margin, the membrane extending half againas far beyond apex of cuneus as length of cuneus.Color pale fulvous with brown eyes, a fuscous annulus at apex of first and base ofsecond antennal segments, black spines on tibiae and a distinctive pattern of dots onthe femora (figure lb).Size: length 2i/2 mm., width (hemelytra) 1 mm.Female. Similar to the male but slightly shorter and wider with less incrassate secondantennal segment.Size: length 2.44 mm., width 1.1 mm.524 Proceedings, Hawaiian Entomological SocietyHolotype, male, allotype, female, and fourteen paratypes, Likiep islet,Likiep atoll, Aug. 30, 1946, H. K. Townes collector.Campylomma marshallensis runs to adamsoni in Knight's key (B. P.Bishop Museum Bulletin 142, p. 181, 1938) but differs from that Mar-quesan species in its relatively shorter second antennal segment and itsantennal annuli, as well as in the pattern of dots on the femora. I haveseen no species from Guam or elsewhere in the western Pacific which canbe confused with marshallensis. This is further evidence of the rapidspeciation which apparently is characteristic of Campylomma in the Pacific. Each isolated island or island group appears to have one or moreendemic species. I collected a single specimen of the new species on Kwa-jalein atoll, June 10, 1950 (erroneously recorded as Campylomma tahiticaKnight, Usinger, Proc. Haw. Ent. Soc, 14:318, 1951).Family Veliidae20. Halovelia marianarum UsingerBikarej, Arno atoll, July 14, 1950 (La Rivers).'Since this manuscript was submitted a collection has been received from Miss AmySuehiro of the B. P. Bishop Museum. The material was collected by Y. Oshiro on Eni-wetok atoll and includes two species new to the Marshalls and three new records forEniwetok as follows: Pentatomidae—2. Oechalia consocialis (Boisd.), Engebi Island,Dec. 24, 1950, Tournefortia; 2c. Platynopus melacanthus (Boisd.), Bogombogo, Dec. 30,1950, on flowers; Cpreidae 2d. Liorhyssus hyalinus (Boisd.), Elugelab, Jan. 14, 1951,sweeping Ilima; Lygaeidae—3. Nysius pulchellus Stal, Engebi Island, Jan. 11, 1951;Nabidae—9. Nabis capsiformis German, Elugelab, Jan. 28, 1951.

New Species and Additional Records of Heteroptera from the Marshall Islands

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New Species and Additional Records of Heteroptera from the Marshall Islands

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