Dodge, H.R.

Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society

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Vol. XV, No.1, March, 1953Two Sarcophagid Flies New to HawaiiBy HAROLD R. DODGE, SCIENTIST (R)COMMUNICABLE DISEASE CENTER. PUBLIC HEALTH SE VICEFEDERAL SECURITY AGENCY• ATLANTA. GEORGIA131The foHowing two species have recently been received i material sub·mitted by Drs. D. E. Hardy and C. R. Joyce. The firs is apparentlyundescribed and obviously an immigrant, thus suggest ng its specificname.Pachyophthalmus alienus, new species (figs. 1·4)Diagnosis. Length 7-8.6 mm. (males average larger than females). T is, the first milta·grammine By known from Hawaii, is easily distinguished from the ther sarcophagidsof the region by the bare arista, concave occiput. hind coxae bare posteriorly. infra-squamal setulae absent, and the presence of two rows of hairs on e ch parafrontal inaddition to lhe usual row of bristles.Male. Front .20 of head width; outer vertical bristle more than If as long as theinner; ocellars very weak; frontal row of about 13, ending before the ntennae; on eachparafrontal outside the frontal row, two more rows of much short r hairs; antennaeblack, short, segment 3 one-fourth longer than 2; arista bare, the basal 2 segmenL~together twice as long as their diameter, segment 2 thrice as long as 1, segment 3 withbasal thickening less than one-third length of segment: vibrissal ax seven-eighths aslong as antennal axis; parafacials yellow, bare; palpus dark, slender. with sparse hairsventrally; genae and back of head entirely black·haired; occiput can ve.Thorax large in proportion to abdomen, gre.y, with 3 black. sipes: chaetotaxy:aCTostichals 0:1; dorsocentral 1:2, the posterior in a row spaced for our, the anteriora small presutural; intraalars 1: I; supraalars 1:2; humerals 2; posterior callus 2; scutellars3 strong marginals. no apical, 1 weak discal; notopleurals 2. with numerous coarsesetules; sternopleurals 2, or with a weak third; prosternum, prop uron, hind coxaposteriorly, infrascutellum, and postalar walls hare; posterior spirac e open, rounded.fringed with whitish hairs.res':~t~v;i'~~h2.m~~~I~~j~~tl~/~7t.' base of vein 3 with 1-4 setules, stal sections 1-6Legs dark, small, the tarsi not modified; chaetotaxy: fore tibia wit 2 posterior; midtibia with an antero-dorsal and antero-ventral at middle and 2 po terior; hind tibiawith an antero-dorsal entire row of about 14, of which the apical or 6 are slightlysmaller and more recumbent.Abdomen dark, with greyish pollinose pattern, small; chaetotaxy: edian marginalson tergites I and 2 (no exceptions in type series); median row on t rgites 3-4; genitalaperture slit·like, fifth sternite V-shaped, the lateral arms sparsel setulose; genitaltergites dark, sparsely haired, the first with a pair of large setae near )ase; spiracles 6-7close to each other, in membrane just behind the ventral angles of fi st genital tergite.Genitalia as figured; penis largely membranous with darkened, paired internal structureapically, the apex laterally barhed; anterior clasper bare, connecte externally by abroad thin scJerotized band; posterior clasper with a single large taj sperm pumpsclerite with a thickened basal section and poorly developed distal s ction.Female. Similar to the male but with parafacials grey, front narr weT (.17 of headin allotype), and wings slighLly shorter (average of four, male win .56 longer thanthorax, female wing .47 longer than thorax).132 Proceedings, Hawaiian Entomological SocietyPuparium. Anterior spiracle 4·1obed; posterior spiracles not in a concavity, peritremecomplete. button ventral, slits 3 as usual, the inner pair nearly vertical, their axesslightly convergent ventrally.Holotype male and allotype female, Oahu Country Club. Honolulu, T. H. March,1952. ex Eumenes nest (C. B. Keck) , Type No. 61733. U. S. National Museum, by cour-tesy of Dr. Hardy.Para types 3 males, 11 females with data identical to holotype; 1 male Honolulu, OahuJune, 1952 (D. T. Fullaway). Six specimens retained in Communicable Disease Centercollection; the ,remainder, returned to Drs. Hardy and Joyce. will be deposited in col-lections of the University of Hawaii, B. P. Bishop Museum, and Hawaiian SugarPlanters' Association.Other material examined: about 12 immature specimens reared f.rom nests of Eumenespyriformis petiolaris (Schulz), Honolulu, T. H., and Waipio, Oahu, September, 1951(D. E. Hardy); 1 male, 1 female Honolulu, October 2, 1950, ex Eumenes nest (0. H.Swezey) in Hawaiian Sugar Planters' Association collection.1P. alienus, a parasite in the nests of Eumenes pyriformis petiolaris,was probably introduced with its host on war material from the NewGuinea region according to Dr. Hardy. .This species is distinct from typical European and North Americanspecies by the absence of the anterior acrostichal bristles and by the pres-ence of numerous, coarse hairs on the notopleura, in addition to the usualtwo notopleural bristles. It differs also in genital features, but mostclosely resembles P. floridensis Townsend in this respect. Its relationshipto species of the oriental and south Pacific faunas is not known at present.An Australian relative, Austrometopia burnsi Malloch, is also a parasiteof Eumenes and has numerous hairs on the notopleura, but is distin-guished by the setulose propleuron.Sarcophaga gressitti Hall and Bohart (figs. 5-12)1947 Hall and Bohart, Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash., 50:1~1, fig.1951 Bohart and Gressitt, B. P. Bishop Museum Bull" 204:1~5-6, figs.Diagnosis. Distinguished from other Hawaiian species by pilose propleuron andsetulose vein 1. Length 7-8 mm. A greyish sarcophagld of ordinary appearance;, genitalsegments black; male hind tibiae villous; chaetotaxy: acrostichals 0.1; dorsocentrals 5:4;intraalars 1:2, supraalars 1:3; humerals 3: posterior callus 2; scutellum with 2 strongmarginals, a weak discal, and in male only a small apical; notopleurals 4; sternopleurals3; median marginals on third abdominal segment.Figs 1-4 Pachyophthalmus alienus sp. n., holotype male genitalia; fig. 1 composite,lateral view, 72x; fig. 2 forceps, posterior view, 72x;. fig. 3 penis and left anterior clasper,96x; fig. 4 claspers, lateral view (setigerous posterior clasper concealed in fig. 1) 96x.Figs. 5·12 Sarcophaga gressitti Hall and Bohart, male and female genitalia: Fig. 5·forceps and penis, posterior view, paratype, 54x; fig. 6 male genitalia, lateral view, Hono-lulu, 54x; fig. 7 female sternites 5-8, ventral view, paratype, 36x; fig. 8 female sternites5-8, ventral view. Waimanalo, 36x; figs. 9 and 10 spermathecae, Waimanalo, 36x (fig.10) and 96x (fig. 9); fig. 11 anterior clasper, lateral view, paratype, 54x; fig. 12 femalegenitalia, postero-lateral view, Waimanalo, 36x, sternites 5-8 and spiracles 6-7 arenumbered.Note: The numbers indicating the amount of magnification apply only to the draw-ings as originally made, not to the reduced reproductions as they appear on page 133.The numbers are ,retained at the suggestion of the author, to give an indication of therelative sizes of the structures illustrated.Vol. XV, No.1, March, 1953 1336.5.(~J>19~10.9 \Q'\-1 12. I ...........• _ '-JII.~4.HRD d.!.7.134 Proceedings, Hawaiian Entomological SocietyMale genital segments (figs. 4·6, 11) black. first segment grey pollinose. the secondshining. both with soft erect hairs only; forceps straight, contiguous on basal .8, theapices divergent and slightly curved inwards; accessory plate triangular, setulose; claspersas illustrated, the anterior clasper flattened; penis 2-segmented, the basal stalk memobranous laterally. the distal segment enlarged, largely 'membranous, a sderotized strapposteriorly connects with a plate, <;liamond·shaped in posterior view, which, forms theapex of the penis, its lateral arms' bent inwards, the apical arm elongated forming acurved claw which' encloses a slender internal process, a pair of similar curved processesalso arising internally from sderotized bases and in repose nearly touch each othermidway of their length (see fig. 5). Fifth stemite deeply cleft, the lateral arms thicklyclad with coarse, short bristles.Female genital segments (figs. 7-10, 12) black, the genital aperture inverted V-shaped;first genital tergite short, also inverted U·shaped, shortened but not divided or weakenedmid~dorsaUy, fringed with setae of which only three opposite spiracle 7 are stout,spiracle 7 at middle and 6 attached to anterior margin of tergite; 2 pairs of dorsalsclerotized plates separated by first genital tergite; sternites 6-8 fused, 6 larger than7-8, concave on posterior margin, bristled. pollinose; sternite 7 shining, surface slightlyconcave, apico-laterally with a few minute setae arising from prominent pores; stemite8 very narrow. apico-medially with 2 rows of tubercles; sternite 10 a non-sclerotizedsubtriangular patch of setigerous tubercles; spennathccae 3, each with a constrictedbase which is more strongly ringed than the oval body.Variation. The Hawaiian specimens were first thought distinct from typical gressitti(Guam) by a difference in the base of the anterior clasper (compare figs. 6 and ll);however, a second Hawaiian male specimen is indistinguishable from gressitti in thisrespect. The female sternites are slightly different (compare shape of fifth stemite andnumber of strong setae on sixth sternite, figures 7 and 8). In view of the limited ma-terial available for study, the significance of these variations cannot be determined.Specimens examined. Four paratypes, male and female, from Guam, deposited inCommunicable Disease Center collection (courtesy of U. S. National Museum throughC. W. Sabrosky); I male, 1 female, \Vaimanalo, Oahu, August, 1951, Scaevola frutescens(M. Adachi). the female returned to Dr. Hardy; 1 male Honolulu, January 6, 1948,(C. R. Joyce), returned to Dr. Joyce.S. gressitti is said to be a species most abundant on the open beaches,where it is a scavenger, having been reared from excrement and animalmatter.

Two Sarcophagid Flies New to Hawaii

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Two Sarcophagid Flies New to Hawaii

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