The taxonomic position of Trioza uniqua (Caldwell) and its evolutionary affinities with the genera Kuwayama and Trioza are reviewed. Detailed descriptions of the five nymphal instars are given

Beardsley, John W.

Uchida, Grant K.

Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society

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Vol. 31, December 31,1992 219Description of the Immature Stages ofTrioza uniqua (Caldwell)(Homoptera: Psyllidae)1GRANT K. UCHIDA2 andJOHN W. BEARDSLEY3ABSTRACT. The laxonomic position of Triout uniqua (Caldwell) and its evolutionary affinities with the genera Kuwayama and Iriaui are reviewed. Detailed descriptions of the fivenyniphat instars are given.Caldwell (1940) described an endemic species of Hawaiian psyllid,Ceropsyila uniqua Caldwell, which was collected from the host plantCryplocarya mannii Hillebrand (Lauraceae) on the island of Kauai. Zimmerman (1948) surmised that Caldwell placed this species in the genusCeropsyila out of convenience because of similarities in wing venation in C.uniqua and the type of the genus, Ceropsyila sideroxyli Riley (1885). Thecharacter in common is the presence of a short stalk or petiole whichseparates the R+M fork from the base of the Cu vein. Zimmerman considered the fusion of the R+M veins in C. uniqua and C. sideroxyli as paralleldevelopments, since there is variation in the length of the stalk. AlthoughZimmerman (1948) indicated that there were morphological similaritiesbetween C. uniqua and one of the endemic Hawaiian species of Kuwayama,he did not consider C. uniqua to be allied to Kuwayama since it possessedwell developed genal cones. Thus, Zimmerman, rather than propose a newbut weak genus for C. uniqua, transferred this species to the genus Trioza,since he considered the small spots in the cells of the hind margin of theanterior wings of C. uniqua to be typical of Hawaiian species of Trioza.Descriptions of the immature stages of T. uniqua are given below. Thepurpose of these detailed morphological descriptions of the immaturestages is to provide more taxonomic information on this endemic species,which may help to resolve questions about evolutionary relationshipsamong Hawaiian psyllid genera. The nymphal descriptions are presentedin the style previously used by us (Uchida and Beardsley 1992).Trioza uniqua (Caldwell). (Figs. 1-5).Ceropsyila uniqua Caldwell 1940, Proc. Hawaii. Entomol. Soc. 10:392.Trioza uniqua (Caldwell), Zimmerman 1948, Insects of Hawaii. 5:24.Type locality: Kokee, Kauai Island. Holotype male and allotypc femalelocated in B. P. Bishop Museum.Distribution: Kauai Island.Host: Found on ventral surface of leaves of Cryptocarya mannii Hillebrand.■Journal Series No. 3680 of the Hawaii Institute ofTropical Agriculture and Human Resources.''Portion ofa dissertation submitted to the Graduate Division, University of Hawaii by the seniorauthor in partial fulfillment of requirements for the Ph.D. degree in Entomology.'Department of Entomology, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822.220 Proceedings, Hawaiian Entomological SocietyFIGURE 1. Trioza uniqua, First instar nymph, dorsal ami ventral aspects.Immature Stages:FIRST INSTAR (Fig. 1).Dimensions. Length 0.32-0.33mm; width 0.26mm.Shape. Broadly elliptical; meso-, metathorax each laterally produced.Vol. 31, December 31,1992 221FIGURE 2. Trioza uniqua. Second instar nymph, donial and ventral aspects.Margin. Specialized structures absent.Dorsum. Sclerouzation weak; head, thoracic segments fused, dividedlongitudinally by median groove; abdomen well defined by transverse suture, segments fused. Indumenta: sectasetae dorsoventrally compressed,borne on short protuberances; cephaloprothorax, abdomen with marginalrow of sectasetae; cephalopro-, mesodiorax with marginal sectaseta poste-222 Proceedings, Hawaiian Entomological SocietyFIGURE 3. Trimn uniqua. Third instar nymph, dorsal and ventral aspects.riorly on each side. Setae simple, few, mostly small; metathorax with stoutacicular, anterolaterally directed seta posteriorly on each side. Cuticularstructures: spinules forming narrow transverse bands across meso-, ineta-thoracic and abdominal segments. Minute points absent.Vol. 31, December 31,1992 223FIGURE 4. Trioza uniqua. Fourth in star nymph, dorsal and ventral aspects.Venter. Sclerotization absent except for cuticular structures and circumanal pore ring plate. Indumenta: setae simple, few; cephaloprothorax with3 long subniarginal setae on each side; few small ventral setae lateral to legbases; abdomen with enlarged submedial seta anterior to circumanal porering on each side; circumanal pore ring surrounded by 3 setae on each side224 Proceedings, Hawaiian Entomological Society(1 anterior, 2 posterior). Cuticular structures: spinules forming narrowtransverse bands across each abdominal segment. Minute points absent.Antennae: 1 segmented, elongate; with 3 simple setae (1 long blunt apicalseta, 1 long submedial seta, 1 specialized seta) and 4 sensoria (2 subapical,1 submedial, 1 dorsal near base). Labium: basal segment with minute setaon each side. Legs: stout; trochanter undefined; femora not reaching margin of body; tibiotarsal articulations absent; claws present; pulvillus reni-form; armed with few setae, subequal in size; tibiotarsus with long, slendersubapical setae; spinules present; femora with 2 sensoria near base. Circum-anal pore ring: pores in single row.SECOND INSTAR (Fig. 2)Dimensions. Length 0.44-0.46mm; width 0.35-0.39mm.Shape. Anterior, posterior wing pads laterally produced.Dorsum. Cephaloprothorax separated from fused meso-, mctathorax bydistinct suture. Indumenta: body with marginal row of sectasetae; marginalmodified sectasetae absent. Setae simple, small, few, more numerous thanin first instar. Cuticular structures: spinules absent on thorax, in an interrupted band across medial region of each abdominal segment, irregularlydistributed along margin.Venter. Indumenta: setae simple, small to long; abdomen with 1 sub-medial, 1 submarginal row of small setae on each side, posterior segmentwith 2 enlarged setae; circumanal pore ring surrounded by 5 setae on eachside (2 anterior, 2 posterior, 1 lateral). Cuticular structures: spinules inshort transverse band across each abdominal segment. Minute points densein submarginal region of body. Antennae: two segmented; basal segmentshort, lacking setae, sensoria; apical segment resembling antennae of firstinstar. Circumanal pore ring: inner pore ring with single pore row.THIRD INSTAR (Fig. 3).Dimensions. Length 0.58-0.60mm; width 0.47-0.50mm.Dorsum. Indumenta: setae small to minute, scattered over dorsum.Cuticular structures: spinule distribution similar to second instar (not illustrated).Venter. Cuticular structures: spinule, minute point distribution similarto second nymphal instar (not illustrated). Antennae: resembling secondinstar antennae except proximal half of apical segment with 1 long seta, 1lateral sensorium near base. Legs: femora with 3 sensoria near base.FOURTH INSTAR (Fig. 4).Dimensions. Length 0.87-0.93mm; width 0.67-0.71mm.Shape. Anterior and posterior wing pads well defined.Dorsum. Meso- and metathoracic segments separated by suture. Indumenta: setae many, scattered.Venter. Antennae: three segmented; basal segment with 2 setae (1 subapical, 1 medial) and 2 sensoria (1 subapical, 1 dorsal near base); secondsegment lacking setae, with subapical sensorium; apical segment resembling apical segment of third instar, except lacking 2 submedial sensoria.Vol. 31, December 31,1992 225FIGURE 5. Trioza uniqua. Fifth instar nymph, dorsal and vcnlr.il aspects.FIFTH INSTAR (Fig. 5).Dimensions. Length 1.29-1.37mm; width 0.98-1.07mm.Dorsum. Meso- and metathoracic segments fused. Indumenta: setaemore numerous than in fourth instar.226 Proceedings, Hawaiian Entomological SocietyVenter. Indumenta: cephaloprothorax with four long setae on each side,subcqual in length; abdomen with two or more setae in transverse rowacross each abdominal segments. Antennae: five segmented; basal segmentlacking setae, with 1 dorsal sensorium; second segment with 2 setae (1subapical, 1 submedial), and 1 subapical sensorium; third segment with 1subapical seta, and 1 sensorium; fourth segment with 2 submedial setae and1 subapical sensorium. Legs: femora with 4 sensoria near base.1>pes. Holotype female, allotype male (BISHOP 5530), Trail from Kokeeto Kalalau, Kauai, 8-15-25; O.H. Swezey Collector; CryfHocarya.Other Specimens Examined. Hawaii; Kauai I.; Awaawapuhi Tr., 17«X#1987,ex. Cryftorarya mannii, G.K. Uchida, 30 nymphs (6 I, 6 II, 6 III, 6 IV, 6 V).ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSWe thank Mr. B. Kumashiro of the State Department of Agriculture andMr. G. Nishida of the Bernice P. Bishop Museum, Honolulu for theirassistance in arranging loans of psyllid specimens; Mr. Glen Shiraki of theUniversity of Hawaii for his assistance in preparing illustrations; and to Dr.M. Lee Goff, Dr. Sheila Conant and Dr. D. Elmo Hardy of the University ofHawaii and Roger I. Vargas of the U. S. Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Research Service, for reviewing a dissertation from which this manuscript was derived.REFERENCES CITEDCaldwell, J.S. 1940. New genera and species of jumping plant-lice from the Hawaiian Islandswith descriptions of several immature stages (Homoptera: Psyllidae). Proc. Hawaii.Emomol. Soc. 10:389-397.Riley, C.V. 1885. Notes on North American Psyllidae. Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 2:76.Uchida, G.K. and J.W. Beardsley. 1992. The genus Hemiscluzorranium Tuthill (Homoptera:Psyllidae) with descriptions ofimmature stages. Proc. Hawaii. Emomol. Soc. 31:183-196.Zimmerman, E.C 1948. Insects of Hawaii. Vol. 5. Homoptera: Sternorhyncha. University ofHawaii Press, Honolulu. 464 pp.

Description of the Immature Stages of Trioza uniqua (Caldwell) (Homoptera: Psyllidae)

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Description of the Immature Stages of Trioza uniqua (Caldwell) (Homoptera: Psyllidae)

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