Reish, Donald J.

Pacific Science

Reish, Donald J

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A New Species of Polychaetous Annelid (Family Capitellidae) from Southern California

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A New Species of Polychaetous Annelid(Family Capitellidae) from Southern California1DONALD J. REISH2DURING THE COURSE of studying the quanti-tative distribution of polychaetous annelids inNewport Bay, California, a new species be-longing to the capitellid genus ScyphoprocttlsGravier 1904 was encountered. This is thefirst report of the genus in the easternPacific Ocean.Only two species of this genus have beenreported previously. Scyphoproctus djiboutiensiswas described from the Red Sea by Gravier(1904, 1906), and subsequently was reportedfrom India by Fauvel (1930, 1953). Okuda(1940) described S. gravieri from Okinawa.The author wishes to express his thanks toDr. Russell Cangialosi for his assistance withthe drawings.Scyphoproctus oculatus n. sp.A total of 28 specimens was collected fromthe bottom of Newport Bay, California, witha size one Hayward orange-peel bucket. Thesestations were all located near the Pacific CoastHighway (Alternate 101) Bridge which passesover Newport Bay.The holotype measures 20 mm . in lengthand 1.0 mm. in width. Other complete speci-mens ranged from 8 to 20 mm. in length.The prostomium (Fig. 1) is broadly roundedin front and bears one pair of elliptical-shapedeyes on either side. The peristornium lackssetae . The following 12 segments are setiger-ous with only simple capillary setae (Fig. 2)1 Contribution Number 234 from theAllanHancockFoundation, University of Southern California. Manu-script received November 18, 1957.2 Department of Biology and the Allan HancockFoundation, University of Southern California, LosAngeles.78in both the notopodium and neuropodium.The abdominal region of the holotype con-sists of 85 setigerous segments. Hoodedhooks (Fig . 3) are present in both the noto-podium and the neuropodium of each seg-ment, except at the posterior end (see below).The hooks bear one large tooth, three smallerteeth , and are covered in part by a hood (Fig .3). Just anterior to the anal funnel (Fig . 4) atthe posterior end of the animal, the hoodedhooks in the notopodium are replaced bysimple acicular spines (Fig . 5). The first ap-pearance of these spines ranges from the sixthto the second segment from the anal funnel.The acicular spines of the two notopodia of asegment shift towards the median line witheach succeeding segment so that the spines ofeither side at the segment just anterior to theanal funnel nearly touch one another. Thisapproaches the condition of a single dorsalline of acicular spines at this segment in S.djiboutiensis (G ravier, 1904, 1906).The anal funnel (Fig . 4) is composed of sixgroups of acicular spines (Fig. 6) on each side .The number of spines varies dorsoventrally,right and left, and from specimen to speci-men . Typically there are 3, 3, 2, 2, 1, 1 (dorsalto ventral) acicular spines on each side . How-ever, the following variations were observed:for the left side 4, 4, 4, 2, 2, 2, and 4, 3, 2, 2,1, 1; for the right side 4, 4, 2, 2, 2, 2, and4, 4, 2, 2, 1, 1.DISCUSSIONScyphoproctus oculatus differs from the othertwo species in the genus by the possession ofa pair of eyes on the prostomiurn and by onlysix groups of acicular spines on each side ofthe anal funnel. The prostomium of S. djibou-New Species of Annelid - REISHJ0 .4MM0 .3 MM430.0 I MM'56:E:ECD<Doo279FIGS.1-6. Scypboproaus oculatus n. sp. 1, Anterior end in late ral view; left to righ t, everted proboscis, prostorniumwith both eyes shown, peristomiurn, setigerous segm ents 1 to 5 bearing capill ary setae. 2, Capillary seta from seg-ment 7. 3, Hooded hook from segment 15. 4, Posterior end in lateral view ; left to right, anal funnel bearing twoanal cirri and six groups of acicul ar spines and the posterior setigerous segments with acicular spines in thenotopodium and hooded hooks in the neuropodium. 5, Acicular spine from a posterior noropodium; magnifi -cation as 2. 6, Acicular spine from anal funnel ; magnification as 2.80tiensis lacks eyes, and the anterior end is un-known in S. gravieri. Both S. djiboutiensis andS. gravieri are characterized by having 11groups of acicular spines on either side of theanal funnel. The number of spines is 4, 4, 3,3,3,2,2,2, 1, 1, 1 in the former, and 13 (or12), 7,5,5 (or 4),4,3,2 (or 3), 2, 2, 2, 1 inthe latter species .Type MaterialThe holotype, seven paratypes, and ad-ditional specimens have been deposited inthe polychaete collections of the Allan Han-cock Foundation , Un iversity of SouthernCalifornia .Type L ocalityBottom of Newport Bay near the PacificCoast Highway (Alternate 101) Bridge . Thesubs trate consisted of sand and shell frag-ments at these stations.PACIFIC SCIENCE, Vol. XIII , January 1959REFERENCESFAUVEL, PIERRE. 1930. Annelida Polychaetaof the Ma dras Government Museum. Ma-dras Govt. Mus. Bul., n.s. Nat. Hist. Sect .1(2): 1- 72.- -- 1953. The Fauna of India, IncludingPakistan, Ceylon, Burma and Malaya. Anne-lida Polychaeta. The Indian Press, Ltd. ,Allahabad. 507 pp.GRAVIER, CHARLES. 1904. Sur un type nou-veau de la famille des Capitelliens : Scypho-proctus nov . gen., dj iboutiensis nov. sp. ParisMus. d 'Hist . Nat ., Bul. 10: 557-561.- - - 1906. Contribution a l 'ecude desAnnelides polychetes de la Mer Rouge. .Paris M us. d Bist . Nat. Nouvelle Arch. , Ser.4, 8: 123- 236.OKUDA, SHIRO. 1940. Polychaetous annelidsof the Ryukyu Islands. Biogeog. Soc. J apan,Bul. 10: 1-24.

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A New Species of Polychaetous Annelid (Family Capitellidae) from Southern California

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